FINAL REPORT HISTORIC CONTEXT OF MARYLAND HIGHWAY BRIDGES BUILT BETWEEN 1948 AND 1960 Prepared for Maryland State Highway Administration 707 N. Calvert Street Baltimore, MD 21202 September 2011 URS Corporation 12420 Milestone Center Drive, Suite 150 Germantown, Maryland 20876 15296716 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS URS would like to acknowledge the numerous individuals who assisted with the State Historic Bridge Context and Inventory of 1948-1960 Bridges in Maryland. At the State Highway Administration, Maryland Department of Transportation, we wish to thank Anne Bruder, who provided much useful information and leads on where to look for information on bridges built in the state during the period 1948 to 1960. URS also appreciates the assistance that Tim Tamburrino at the Maryland Historical Trust Department of Economic and Community Development provided for this project. We also wish to thank S. Murray Miller and and Nick Deros, who as former employees of the J. E. Greiner Company—one of the engineering firms that eventually became part of URS—provided much valuable oral information about their associations with State Highway Administration bridge work. Finally, we also would like to express our appreciation to Charissa Wang of Hardlines Design Company, our subcontractor. Through the support research and all of the fieldwork that four Hardlines employees—Mary Crowe, Roy Hampton, Stan Popovich, and Amy Case—performed, URS was able to develop this historic bridge context update for the State Highway Administration ERRATA URS completed this report in 2004. Since then some projects have been completed (such as the Woodrow Wilson Bridge) or have been undertaken in the intervening seven years. Executive Summary 2. Bet ween May and Septemb er 2003, URS Corporation (URS) of Gaithersburg, M aryland and Florence, New Jersey pr ep ared an historic cont ext of high way bridges from the 1948-1960 p er iod for the M ar yl and Stat e Hig h way Admin istr ation (SHA). The project up dated and exp anded upon the SH A’s exist ing historic bridge context—H istor ic High way Br idg es in Mar yl and: 1631 – 1960, Historic Cont ext Repo rt (P aul a Spero & Associat es and Louis B erg er & Asso ci ates, 1995). As part of the project, URS condu cted a surv ey of 21 h igh way bridges throughout M ar yl and r epr esentin g 12 differ ent bridge t yp e s built b et ween 1948 and 1960. The pr oj ect h ad multip le goals: to dev elop more fully the histo ri c context for bridges built in M aryland fro m the 1948- 1960 p eriod to r efl ect the technological innovations in bridge design and constru ction from this period; to establ ish criteria for the eval uation of the significance and integrit y of 1948-1960 high way bridges in M ar yl and for their eligibilit y for listin g in the N ation al Reg ist er for Historic Pl aces (NRHP); to do cu ment and record 21 h igh way bridges in M ar yl and fro m the 1948- 1960 p eriod representing 12 diff erent bridge t yp es; and to app l y this criteria in the evaluat ion of the 21 su rveyed high way bridges for th eir NRHP-eligibilit y. URS served as project manager and provided agency coordination. URS also conducted background research on the history of road building in Maryland from the 1948-1960 period, conducted research on the history of the individual surveyed bridges, and wrote the historic context. Hardlines Design Company (Hardlines) of Columbus, Ohio, serving as a subconsultant for URS, conducted the field survey of 21 SHA highway bridges in Maryland. Fieldwork was conducted from May to July 2003. Following the survey work, Hardlines completed Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties (MIHP) forms and, along with URS, evaluated the surveyed bridges on MIHP Determination of Eligibility (DOE) forms. The results of the survey evaluation are listed in Table 1. Table 1 – NRHP Recommendations for 21 Surveyed Highway Bridges in Maryland from 1948 – 1960 MIHP # Bridge County Bridge Date Built NRHP NRHP Name/Location Type Eligible? Criterion B-4632 I-895 Bridge over CSX Baltimore K-truss 1957 Yes A, C Railroad Tracks City BA-2681 Wise Avenue Bridge Baltimore Double Leaf 1948 Yes A, C over Bear Creek Bascule Trunnion BA-2713 MD 157 (Peninsula Baltimore Double Leaf 1960 No NA Expressway) Bridge over Bascule Bear Creek Trunnion CT-784 MD 2 Bridge over the Calvert Reinforced 1958 No N/A Narrows Concrete Slab CARR- MD 32 Bridge over Carroll Steel Deck 1952 Yes A, C 1673 Liberty Reservoir (Warren) Truss CE-1083 MD 213 Bridge over Cecil Metal Deck 1949 Yes A, C Chesapeake & Delaware Arch (Tied Canal Arch) MIHP # Bridge County Bridge Date Built NRHP NRHP Name/Location Type Eligible? Criterion CH-781 MD 225 Bridge over Charles Prestressed 1957 Yes A, C Mattawoman Creek Concrete Girder F-3-205 MD 144 Bridge over Frederick Steel Deck 1955 Yes A, C Monocacy River (Warren) Truss G-III-A- Sang Run Road Bridge Garrett Stringer/Floor 1955 Yes A, C 199 over Youghiogheny Beam System River G-IV-A- Swallow Falls Road Garrett Stringer/Floor 1960 Yes A, C 290 Bridge over Beam System Youghiogheny River HA-2045 Hookers Mill Road Harford Concrete Box 1957 Yes A,C Bridge over Bynum Run Girder \16-JAN-19\\ i Executive Summary HA-2046 Phillips Mill Road Harford Concrete Box 1958 Yes C Bridge over East Branch Girder of Winters Run PG:68-100 US 1 Northbound Bridge Prince Concrete 1956-57 Yes A,C over NW Branch of George’s Beam Anacostia River PG:82A-52 US 301 Southbound Prince Steel Beam 1949 Yes A Bridge over West Branch George’s of Patuxent River PG:85A-58 US 301 Northbound Prince Concrete Arch 1950 No NA Bridge over Timothy George’s Branch PG:85A-59 US 301 Southbound Prince Concrete Arch 1950 No NA Bridge over Timothy George’s Branch QA-542 MD18B Bridge over Queen Anne’s Double Leaf 1951 Yes A, C Kent Narrows Bascule- Trunnion S-512 US 13 Northbound Somerset Steel Beam 1957 Yes A, C Bridge over CSX Railroad Tracks S-513 US 13 Northbound Somerset Steel Beam 1958 No NA Bridge over Manokin River WA-VI-56 I-70 Bridge over Ramp Washington Concrete Rigid 1960 Yes A, C E2 from Maryland 61 Frame Eastbound Lane WA-VI-57 I-70 Bridge over Ramp Washington Concrete Rigid 1960 Yes A, C E2 from Maryland 61 Frame Westbound Lane \16-JAN-19\\ ii Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... ES-1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1-1 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................. 3-1 2.1 Background .............................................................................................. 3-1 2.2 Fieldwork ................................................................................................. 3-1 2.3 Research and Context Update .................................................................. 3-1 2.4 Project Personnel ..................................................................................... 3-2 2.5 Previous Documentation .......................................................................... 3-2 Historic Context ........................................................................................................................................ 4-1 3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 4-1 3.2 Maryland Highways Before and During World War II ........................... 4-2 3.3 Highway Development in Maryland After World War II ....................... 4-7 3.4 Maryland and Federal Highway Policy ................................................... 4-7 3.5 The SRC and Highway Politics In Maryland .......................................... 4-9 3.6 The SRC & The Division of Bridge Design .......................................... 4-11 3.7 Important Maryland Highway and Bridge Projects During the 1948-1960 Period ................................................................................... 4-14 Post World War II Technological Developments .................................................................................... 5-1 4.1 Developments in Design .......................................................................... 5-1 4.2 Materials and Technique Developments .................................................. 5-1 4.3 Individual Bridge-Type Developments.................................................... 5-3 4.3.1 Metal Truss Bridges (Including Steel) ......................................... 5-3 4.3.2 Metal Girder Bridges ................................................................... 5-4 4.3.3 Metal Suspension Bridges............................................................ 5-4 4.3.4 Steel Arch Bridges ....................................................................... 5-4 4.3.5 Movable Bridges .......................................................................... 5-5 4.3.6 Prestressed Concrete Bridges ....................................................... 5-5 4.3.7 Reinforced Concrete Bridges ....................................................... 5-6 4.3.8 Concrete Rigid Frame Bridges..................................................... 5-6 4.3.9 Wood Bridges .............................................................................. 5-7 Consulting Engineers and Contractors .................................................................................................. 6-1 Results of Field