Ann. Entomol., 31(1) : 15-20 (2013) ISSN 0970-3721 FIRST REPORT OF PROFENUSA MACGILLIVRAY & SETABARA ROSS WITH ONE NEW SPECIES OF EACH GENUS FROM INDIA (: SYMPHYTA:)

by Malkiat S. Saini and Muzamil Ahmad Department of Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, India.

Abstract Two genera, Profenusa Macgillivray & Setabara Ross were reported for the first time from India (Saini 2006) with two new species i.e. Profenusa punctulata sp. nov. from Mandal (Uttarakhand) & Setabara clypeiambus sp. nov from Jamiri (Arunachal Pradesh). While compiling the Indian Biodiversity (Vol. V), Saini 2006 reported these two genera with one new species of each from the faunistic limits of India, but detailed descriptions and diagnostic combinations of these new species were not provided in that compilation. The genitalia are illustrated, and both are distinguished from related species.

Keywords : Heterarthrinae, Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Symphyta, new species, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand.

Introduction: Materials and Methods Profenusa MacGillivray is a small genus with Material for the present study was collected 14 world species (Taeger et al., 2010). It is mainly during different field trips to the high altitude a Holarctic, but some species are widely regions of North-eastern and North-western distributed and some have been recorded from states of India. For these regions the most central Asia (Smith, 1982; Muche, 1982; appropriate collection time is the month of May Zhelochovtsev, 1976; Wei 1997 and Wei and Nie & June respectively i.e. the pre-monsoon time. 1999 who described species from the east All the collections were made with the help of Palearctic and Oriental regions). Few years back sweeping hand nets. a new species of Profenusa has been recorded The morphological terminology proposed by from India and with this it makes its presence Snodgrass (1935), Ross (1937, 1945), Malaise felt in the Indian region as well. (1945), Smith E.L. (1969, 1970, 1972) and Gunea and Parafenusa were proposed by Matsuda (1957, 1965, 1970) has generally been Malaise (1964) and Zhelokhovtzev (1976), employed to describe the species. Relative respectively, but both have been synonymised lengths used in species discrimination are the with Profenusa. actual ratio proportions and the various The larval stages of this genus are mainly measurements are made with the aid of slide associated with different species of Betula, micrometer and oculometer. Illustrations are Quercus, Crataegus & Prunus (Smith 1971). made under stereoscopic microscope fitted with Since most of these plant genera are available an ocular grid. Body length is considered from and widely distributed along the entire Himalayan the anterior tip of head to the abdominal apex belt, an extensive survey of this region may (excluding antenna, mouth parts, female and certainly yield some new records. male genitalia). The type specimens are

Received on : 17/04/2013 Accepted on : 11/06/2013 Corresponding author. Email [email protected] 16 Malkiat S. Saini and Muzamil Ahmad

Explanation of Figures: Figs. 1-4 Profenusa punctulata sp. nov. 1. Clypeus & labrum, 2. Ovipositor sheath (lateral view), 3. Ovipositor sheath (dorsal view), 4. lancet. Figs. 5-8 Setabara clypeiambus sp. nov. 5. Clypeus & labrum , 6. Ovipositor sheath (lateral view), 7. Ovipositor sheath (dorsal view), 8. Lancet. Figs 9 & 10 Front and hind wing of Profenusa.

Ann. Entomol., 31(1) : 15-20 (2013) First Report of Profenusa Macgillivray & Setabara Ross With One New Species Of Each Genus From India 17 deposited in the museum of the Department of Distribution: Holarctic, Palaearctic, Oriental. Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University Patiala, India. Description: Profenusa punctulata sp.nov. (Figs. 1-4) Abbreviations: Female.- Colour: body pieceous, legs A - Anal vein; 1A - 1st anal vein; 2A+3A - 2nd fuscous to pieceous, all tibiae pro and meso- & 3rd anal veins; IATS - Inner apical tibial spur basitarsi more or less yellowish. Wings infumated; (length); ICD - Intercencheri distance; IDMO - venation including costa, subcosta and stigma Interocular distance at level of median ocellus; pieceous. ITD - Intertegular distance; LID - Lower interocular Structure: Length 3mm. Antenna 1.7× head distance; M- Medial cell; 1m+cu- 1st medio- width, scape and pedicel as long as their apical cubital cross vein; 2m+cu - 2nd medio-cubital widths; antennomere 3 longer than 4 as 4:3; cross vein; 2r - Radial cross-vein; 2r-m - 2nd radio clypeus (figs.1) shallowly emarginated; labrum medial cross vein; Rs - Radial sector; Sc+R - broader than long as 2:1, with rounded anterior Subcosta + Radius; OATS - Outer apical tibial margin; LID:IDMO:EL = 1:1.5:1; malar space spur (length); OCL - Ocello occipital line; OOL - linear; supraclypeal area roundly raised; Oculo-ocellar line; POL - Postocellar line; OCL - supraantennal pit deep, rounded and 1× diameter Oculo - occipital line. of median ocellus; frontal area above the level of Genus Profenusa MacGillivray, 1914 eyes; supraantennal tubercles and frontal ridges Profenusa MacGillivray, 1914: 364, 1916: insignificant; median fovea punctulate between 156; Ross, 1937: 72, 1951: 30; Benson, 1941: antennal sockets; postocellar furrow shallow; 86, 1943: 11, 1952: 108 ; Lorenz and Kraus, 1957: inter- and circum-ocellar furrows distinct; lateral 137; Malaise, 1964: 33; Smith, 1966: 719; 1967: furrows deep, distinct, excurved and ending just 280, 1971: 46, 1979: 87; Muche, 1982: 193-195; before hypothetical hind margin of head; Abe & Smith, 1991: 69, 106; Lacourt, 1999: 233. postocellar area subconvex with an indication of Type species: Profenusa collaris medial longitudinal furrow in its anterior half, MacGil1ivray (by monotypy). broader than long as 2:1; head narrowing behind Gunnea Malaise 1964: 33 eyes; POL:OCL:OOL,UCL = 1:0.75:1:0.5; Type species: Tenthredo pygmaea Klug mesoscutellum almost flat; its appendage not (original designation). carinate; metabasitarsus equal to following 3 Parafenusa Zhelokhovtzev, 1976: 64 joints combined; IATS:MB:OATS = 1:3:1. Lancet Type species: Parafenusa mahalebiana fig.4 with 15 serrulae. Ovipositor sheath as in fig Zhelokhovtzev, 1976 (by monotypy) 2 (lateral view), fig. 3 (dorsal view) Generic Diagnosis: Second antennal Sculpture and pubescence: Head with segment longer than broad; third segment longer dense, shallow, irregular punctation, more than fourth segment. Clypeus (fig. 1) truncate to conspicuous on frontal area, surface shiny. slightly emarginate; postgenal carina absent; Thorax finely, minutely punctate, surface sub malar space less than diameter of front ocellus. shiny with general oily lustre; propodeum minutely Epicnemium absent. Tarsal claw with one long punctuate, rest of abdomen cross-striated. Body outer tooth and large acute basal lobe. Forewing covered with silvery pubescence. (fig. 9) with stub of vein 2A and 3A straight at Male: Unknown. apex. Hindwing (fig. 10) with cell R1 open; anal Etymology: The species name pertains to cell present or absent, if present then cell is punctation of the head region. longer than its petiole. The open radial cell of the Diagnosis: This species is unique in having hind wing, the straight 2A and 3A vein of the some significant characters such as clypeus forewing, the single tooth and basal lobe of the shallowly emarginated; malar space linear; tarsal claw, and the absence of a epicnemium median fovea punctulate; postocellar area will distinguish this genus from the allied ones. broader than long as 2:1 and body glabrous. 18 Malkiat S. Saini and Muzamil Ahmad Material examined: Holotype: Female India: space 1× diameter of median ocellus; Uttarakhand, Mandal, 2300m, 10.05.1985. supraclypeal area subconvex; supraantennal pit Genus Setabara Ross (Figs. 9-12) insignificant; frontal area above the level of eyes; Parabates MacGillivray, 1909: 262; Benson, supraantennal tubercles and frontal ridges 1936: 625 (= Fenusella Enslin): Ross, 1937: 70 insignificant; median fovea very shallowly (= Scolioneura Konow); Abe & Smith, 1991: 61. indicated in its anterior 1/2 and posteriorly not Preoccupied by reaching median ocellus; post-, inter- and circum- Type species: Parabates histrionicus ocellar furrows distinct; lateral furrows deep, MacGillivray (Original designated) distinct excurved and abruptly ending well before Setabara Ross, 1951: 31 (New name for the hypothetical hind margin of head; postocellar Parabates MacGillivray); Smith, 1967: 281; 1971: area subconvex, broader than long as 3:1; head 45. Abe & Smith, 1991: 78. narrowing behind eyes; POL:OCL:OOL:UCL = Generic Diagnosis: Antenna stocky; second 1:1:1:1; mesoscutellum subconvex, its segment longer than broad; 3rd segment longer appendage not carinated; metabasitarsus shorter than 4th segment; segments beyond third than following 3 joints combined as 4:5; subequal in length. Clypeus (Fig. 9) truncate; IATS:MB:OATS = 1:2.5:1. Lancet (fig.8) with 11 malar space linear; postgenal carina absent. serrulae. Ovipositor sheath as in fig. 6 (lateral Epicnemium absent. Tarsal claw simple with blunt view), fig. 7 (dorsal view). inconspicuous basal lobe. Forewing with stub of Sculpture and pubescence: Head with vein 2A and 3A curved up at apex. Hind wing sparse, shallow, irregular punctation more with cells Rs and M absent; anal cell present; conspicuous on frontal area, surface shiny; thorax cell R1 closed. finely punctured, surface sub shiny with general Distribution: Nearctic, Oriental. oily lustre; abdomen cross-striated. Body covered The type species, Parabates histrionicus with short, silvery pubescence. from western North America, is the only known Male: Unknown species in the genus. Since this name was Etymology: The species name pertains to preoccupied, Ross (1951) proposed Setabara as truncate to slightly rounded anterior margin of a replacement name. In Western North America clypeus. its developmental stages feed on Prunus Diagnosis: A combination of some stable subcordata Smith (1971). This is the first report characters such as clypeus truncate with rounded from India as well as South-east Asia. Since India anterior margin; malar space 1x diameter of is far removed from Nearctic region, its generic median ocellus; frontal area above the level of characters were carefully scrutinized before eyes; post-, inter-, and circum ocellar furrows assigning this species to it. distinct; postocellar area broader than long as 3:1 and head narrowing behind eyes makes this Description: species distinct and imparts it the status of Setabara clypeiambus sp.nov. (Figs. 5-8) species nov. Female.- Colour: body pieceous, head Material Examined: Holotype: Female, including antenna and mouth parts black. Legs Arunachal Pradesh, Jamiri, 1200m, 25-04-1993. yellowish white except very faintly fuscous tarsi. Wings hyaline; venation including costa, subcosta Acknowledgements: and stigma pieceous. We wish to express our cordial thanks to Dr. Structure: Length 2.5mm. Antenna 2× head D. R. Smith of systematic Entomology width; scape and pedicel 1.5× their apical widths; Laboratory, USDA, for the critical examination of antennomere 3 longer than 4 as 3:2; clypeus the manuscript and also for giving some valuable (fig.5) truncate with rounded anterior margin; suggestions. The financial assistance rendered labrum broader than long as 3:2, with rounded by UGC, New Delhi, for the research projects anterior margin; LID:IDMO:EL = 1.75:2:1.5; malar under which this work has been completed, is Ann. Entomol., 31(1) : 15-20 (2013) First Report of Profenusa Macgillivray & Setabara Ross With One New Species Of Each Genus From India 19 gratefully acknowledged. The authors are also Tenthred.). Entomologisk Tidskrift, 85(1- thankful to department of Zoology & 2): 20-39. environmental sciences, Punjabi University Matsuda, R. 1957. Morphology of the head of a Patiala for providing laboratory facilities. , Macrophya pluricincta Norton (Tenthredinidae) I. 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