DOCSLIB.ORG

Venice and Crete: Documents from the Xvith to Xviiith Centuries by Dionysios Hatzopoulos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Venice and Crete: Documents from the Xvith to Xviiith Centuries by Dionysios Hatzopoulos Venice and Crete: Documents from the XVIth to XVIIIth Centuries by Dionysios Hatzopoulos Nineteen manuscripts, all containing official documents, are presented in this article. They refer to Venetian involvement andpresence in the Levant, mainly in Crete. They cover the period between the end of sixteenth and the beginning of eighteenth centuries, when the struggle with the Ottomans bad reached its most critical point. The documents mention the activities of members of the Mormori, Cattaneo and Michieli families. In addition, a legal document is presented: a "liuello" (long term lease) executed in Crete. Dix-neuf manuscrits regroupant tous des documents officiels, sont prksentks dans cet article. Ils se rapportent a la prksence ve'nitienne au Levant et notamment en Cr2te. Ils couurent la phiode allant de la fin du XVIe siecle au debut du XVIIIe siecle, kpoque a laquelle la lutte contre les Ottotmans await atteint son point culminant. Les documents fournissent des indications sur les acti~itksdes membres des familles Mormori, Cattaneo et Michieli. Unacte notarik ("liuello") execute en Crite y est kgalement prksente'. enetian rule in Crete or Candia, as Relations between the Venetian masters and it was also known then, from the the local population improved, especially name of the capital city, dated from among the upper and middle classes. Many the first decade of the thirteenth Greeks served Venice faithfully and fought centuryv (Figure 1). The collapse of the against the common enemy down to the bitter Byzantine Empire, following the occupation of end in 1669, when the island, after a pro- Constantinople by the knights of the fourth tracted struggle, was finally occupied by the crusade in 1204, was followed by the distribu- Ottomans. tion of Byzantine territories among the victors. Crete was initially given to Boniface of Montferrat who, in turn, sold the island to The administrative system in Crete was Venice in August 1204. based on the metropolitan one. The central administration-Regimen-sat in Candia and While the Republic's initial interest was lim- was composed of three members: the Duke ited to the use of the island's main harbours, and two councillors. They were appointed by especially that of the capital city of Candia, the Venetian Senate for a period of two years. now Herakleion, by the long haul convoys In the fourteenth century the island was plying the sea lanes between Venice and the divided in four administrative districts (terri- Levant, the final elimination of the Byzantine toria): Candia, Canea, Rethymno and Siteia. .state by the Ottomans, in 1453, changed the The office of Proweditor General, combining ma's geopolitical realities. Venice faced now military and administrative authority, was t~sttongexpansionist state. This, and the fact introduced in 1569. Local nobility, Italian and that the local Greek population, especially the Greek speaking, had limited authority, being kkspeaking nobility, could no longer refer only consulted in its collective bodies: the b an independent Greek political center, Consilium Feudatorum, the Maggior brought a mutual change of attitudes. Consilium and the Consilium Rogatorum. 3 Figure 1. From Sebastian Miinster's Cosmographia, ca. 1544. Venice and Crete During the four centuries of Venetian Following the capture of the Venetian pos- administration Cretan society remained almost sessions in the Peloponnese by the Ottomans unchanged. It was strongly stratified, with the in November 1540, the Mormoris fled local nobility at the top (nobili), followed by Nafplion. Members of the family settled in the the urban middle class (cittadini). The bottom Ionian islands, along the Western coast of of the social scale was occupied by the urban Greece, where they soon joined the local nobil- poor (plebe) and the peasants, either free or ity; others settled in Venice, while another serfs (contadini, villani). branch of the family moved to Crete. The Cretan Mormoris distinguished themselves in A few years ago I published with commen- many fields of social activity. Thus, a Marco tary three Venetian manuscripts, * seen at Mormori, a notary in Candia, is mentioned in McGill and initially recorded by Seymour de 155 5 ;a Giovanni Mormori, "ingegniero", was Ricci, concerning Emmanuel Mormori, a killed in June 1571 during the siege of Cretan officer in the service of the Venetian Ammochostos (Famagusta) by the Ottomans; Republic in the sixteenth century. Recently, an "Ioannes Marmorius cretensis" graduated I was pleasantly surprised to be told by Dr. from the University of Padua in 158 1; Jacomo Richard Virr, Curator of Manuscripts, Mormori contributed financially to the Cretan Department of Rare Books and Special participation in the battle of Lepanto and is Collections, McLennan Library, that the mentioned in the manuscripts as commander Department preserves a number of uncatalo- of the "stradioti" stationed in Candia.' gued Venetian manuscripts. As a researcher I Following his death he was succeeded in this was gratified with the study and analysis of position by his son Z~rzi.~ these new manuscripts which further increased my respect for McGill's as yet rela- The family continued to be mentioned in tively unknown and uncatalogued collection of seventeenth century records from Crete and manuscripts. Venice. Following the occupation of Candia by the Ottomans in 1669, they became, once To the three published Mormori manu- more, refugees.9 The McGill manuscripts also scripts are now added seven referring to other mention two previously unknown eighteenth members of the family. Among them one century descendants of the family: "capitano" refers again to Emmanuel. The three pub- Zorzi Mormori, in 1718, and "sargente lished manuscripts have now been maggiore" Antonio Mormori, in 1730. re-catalogued and are part of the Mormori family manuscripts. These manuscripts are The documents are followed by five referring to the activities of Ms 68711. Vellum, 464x35 1 mm. One col- the Veneto-Cretan Cattaneo family; also by umn, 18 lines. Ducal letter referring to Zorzi three referring to Donato Michieli, an army Mormori. Dated 1 June 1575. Doge Alvise engineer, and finally by a "livello" (long term Mocenigo I (1570-1577). lease) executed in Candia in the late sixteenth r. "Aloysius Mocenigo Dei Gratia Dux century. With the exception of the introduc- Venetiarum etc.. ..I.. .Datae in N(ost)ro Ducali tory and closing sentences, which are in Latin, Palatio Die prima Junii, Indictione tertia, the rest of the texts are composed in Italian. MDLXXV". Registrations in Crete: 24 May 1576, 25 May MORMORI FAMILY 1576. v. "Nobilibus et sap(ientibus) viris Jacobo The Mormori family referred to in ten doc- Fuscareno equiti Provisori g(e)n(er)ali ac uments (MS 687) came, originally, from Inquisitori in regno n(ost)ro Cretae nec v(ir)o Nafplion, in the Peloponnese. The first known Aloysio Justiniano Ducha et co(n)siliariis ac Mormori was a wealthy landlord, whose first Paulo Cont(ari)nocap(itane)o Cretae et eorum name was Emmanuel. He was married, in the suce(ssori)bus" . late fifteenth century, to a lady from the pow- Note : " 15 7 5, del ~(avaliere)d(omino) Zorzi erful feudal family of Buas. 6 M(ormo)riU. Venice and Crete This Ducal letter informs Jacomo Foscarini, During or shortly before the plague epi- Provveditore Generale in Crete, Alvise demic which hit Crete from January 1592 to Justiniano, Duke of Crete, and Paolo July 1594, Zorzi Mormori was named Contarini, Captain of Crete, about Zorzi "sopraintendente alla sanita" for the city of Mormori's appointment as Commander of the Candia. He had almost dictatorial authority, "stradioti" stationed in the island. He suc- overseeing and directing all activities related ceeded, in the position, his father Jacomo to health conditions in the city of Candia. Mormori, who had recently died. The Doge During the period referred to by the manu- informs the Cretan authorities about Zorzi's script Zorzi Mormori suffered heavily. Indeed, distinguished record during the war against he lost many members of his family, including the Ottomans in 1570-71, and his subsequent four sons. Filippo Pasqualigo recognized reward with a "cattena d'oro di ducati cin- Mormori's contribution and sacrifices and rec- quanta" and the title of cavaliere. ommended him warmly to his successors. Ms 68712. Vellum, 535 X 430 mm. One Ms 68714. Vellum, 576 X 357 mm. One col- column, 22 lines. Ducal decree dated 20 June umn, 15 lines. Ducal letter issued on behalf of 1575, conferring upon Zorzi Mormori rewards Zorzi Mormori. Dated 20 April 1611. Doge for distinguished services during the war of Leonardo Dona (1606- 1612). (Figure 3) 1570-71, against the Ottomans. Doge Alvise r. "Leonardus Donato, Dei Gratia Dux Mocenigo I (1570-1 577). (Figure 2) Venetiarum etc.. ../. ..Data in N(ost)ro Ducali r. "Aloysius Mocenigo Dei Gratia Dux Palatio. Die XX Aprilis Indictione nona I Venetiarum.. .I...Data in Nostro Ducali MDCXI / Roberto Lio / Segretario". Palacio. Dia vigessima Iunii, Indictione tertia v. "Del D(omino) Zorzi M(ortno)ri. MDLXXV". Registrata nel libro di Ca(nce)ll(a)r(ia)dell v. Initials 1.F.O.T.h. and note: "del c(ava- M(assa)r(ia)del ragionato fiscal di Candia. 113. liere) Zorzi M(ormo)ri 1575". / Emanuel Mormori Cav(alier), 16 11, No 29". The decree mentions Zorzi Mormori's par- By 161 1 Zorzi Mormori had been serving ticipation and achievements in the battles of the Republic for over thirty years. In the Ducal Chimara, Soppoto, Margariti and Santa Maura letter he is referred to as Commander of the (Leucas) on the Epirotan and Albanian coast- fortress of Suda in Western Crete. He is given line, as well as during the Ottoman landings an annual salary increase of 100 ducats, from in Corfu, where he took prisoner the Cretan 500 "servendo" and 400 "non servendo" to 600 renegade Hasan Baffi.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Situation of the Inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish Cultural Background
    Doc. 12526 23 February 2011 The situation of the inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish cultural background Report 1 Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights Rapporteur: Mr Andreas GROSS, Switzerland, Socialist Group Summary The Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights notes that the inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish cultural background are generally well integrated into the multicultural societies of the two islands. It commends the Greek Government for its genuine commitment to maintaining and developing the islands’ cosmopolitan character. The islands’ multiculturalism is the fruit of their rich history, which includes four centuries of generally tolerant Ottoman Turk rule. The good understanding between the majority population and the different minority groups, including that with a Turkish cultural background, is an important asset for the economic prosperity of the islands. The committee notes that better knowledge of the Turkish language and culture would benefit not only the inhabitants with a Turkish cultural background, but also their neighbours. Other issues raised by the inhabitants concerned include the apparent lack of transparency and accountability of the administration of the Muslim religious foundations (vakfs), and the unclear status of the Muslim religious leadership on the islands. The recommendations proposed by the committee are intended to assist the Greek authorities in resolving these issues in a constructive manner. 1 Reference to Committee: Doc. 11904, Reference 3581 of 22 June 2009. F – 67075 Strasbourg Cedex | [email protected] | Tel: + 33 3 88 41 2000 | Fax: +33 3 88 41 2733 Doc. 12526 A. Draft resolution 2 1. The Parliamentary Assembly notes that the inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish cultural background are generally well integrated into the multicultural societies of the two islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Separating Fact from Fiction in the Aiolian Migration
    hesperia yy (2008) SEPARATING FACT Pages399-430 FROM FICTION IN THE AIOLIAN MIGRATION ABSTRACT Iron Age settlementsin the northeastAegean are usuallyattributed to Aioliancolonists who journeyed across the Aegean from mainland Greece. This articlereviews the literary accounts of the migration and presentsthe relevantarchaeological evidence, with a focuson newmaterial from Troy. No onearea played a dominantrole in colonizing Aiolis, nor is sucha widespread colonizationsupported by the archaeologicalrecord. But the aggressive promotionof migrationaccounts after the PersianWars provedmutually beneficialto bothsides of theAegean and justified the composition of the Delian League. Scholarlyassessments of habitation in thenortheast Aegean during the EarlyIron Age are remarkably consistent: most settlements are attributed toAiolian colonists who had journeyed across the Aegean from Thessaly, Boiotia,Akhaia, or a combinationof all three.1There is no uniformityin theancient sources that deal with the migration, although Orestes and his descendantsare named as theleaders in mostaccounts, and are credited withfounding colonies over a broadgeographic area, including Lesbos, Tenedos,the western and southerncoasts of theTroad, and theregion betweenthe bays of Adramyttion and Smyrna(Fig. 1). In otherwords, mainlandGreece has repeatedly been viewed as theagent responsible for 1. TroyIV, pp. 147-148,248-249; appendixgradually developed into a Mountjoy,Holt Parker,Gabe Pizzorno, Berard1959; Cook 1962,pp. 25-29; magisterialstudy that is includedhere Allison Sterrett,John Wallrodt, Mal- 1973,pp. 360-363;Vanschoonwinkel as a companionarticle (Parker 2008). colm Wiener, and the anonymous 1991,pp. 405-421; Tenger 1999, It is our hope that readersinterested in reviewersfor Hesperia. Most of trie pp. 121-126;Boardman 1999, pp. 23- the Aiolian migrationwill read both articlewas writtenin the Burnham 33; Fisher2000, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Greek World
    THE GREEK WORLD THE GREEK WORLD Edited by Anton Powell London and New York First published 1995 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003. Disclaimer: For copyright reasons, some images in the original version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook. Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 First published in paperback 1997 Selection and editorial matter © 1995 Anton Powell, individual chapters © 1995 the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Greek World I. Powell, Anton 938 Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data The Greek world/edited by Anton Powell. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Greece—Civilization—To 146 B.C. 2. Mediterranean Region— Civilization. 3. Greece—Social conditions—To 146 B.C. I. Powell, Anton. DF78.G74 1995 938–dc20 94–41576 ISBN 0-203-04216-6 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-16276-5 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-415-06031-1 (hbk) ISBN 0-415-17042-7 (pbk) CONTENTS List of Illustrations vii Notes on Contributors viii List of Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 Anton Powell PART I: THE GREEK MAJORITY 1 Linear
    [Show full text]
  • THE RECENT HİSTORY of the RHODES and KOS TURKS “The Silent Cry Rising in the Aegean Sea”
    THE RECENT HİSTORY OF THE RHODES and KOS TURKS “The Silent Cry Rising in the Aegean Sea” Prof. Dr.Mustafa KAYMAKÇI Assoc. Prof. Dr.Cihan ÖZGÜN Translated by: Mengü Noyan Çengel Karşıyaka-Izmir 2015 1 Writers Prof. Dr. Mustafa KAYMAKÇI [email protected] Mustafa Kaymakçı was born in Rhodes. His family was forced to immigrate to Turkey for fear of losing their Turkish identity. He graduated from Ege University Faculty of Agriculture in 1969 and earned his professorship in 1989. He has authored 12 course books and over 200 scientific articles. He has always tried to pass novelties and scientific knowledge on to farmers, who are his target audience. These activities earned him many scientific awards and plaques of appreciation. His achievements include •“Gödence Village Agricultural Development Cooperative Achievement Award, 2003”; •“TMMOB Chamber of Agricultural Engineers Scientific Award, 2004”; and •“Turkish Sheep Breeders Scientific Award, 2009”. His name was given to a Street in Acıpayam (denizli) in 2003. In addition to his course books, Prof. Kaymakçı is also the author of five books on agricultural and scientific policies. They include •Notes on Turkey’s Agriculture, 2009; •Agricultural Articles Against Global Capitalization, 2010; •Agriculture Is Independence, 2011; •Famine and Imperialism, 2012 (Editor); and •Science Political Articles Against Globalization, 2012. Kaymakçı is the President of the Rhodes and Kos and the Dodecanese Islands Turks Culture and Solidarity Association since 1996. Under his presidency, the association reflected the problems of the Turks living in Rhodes and Kos to organizations including Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Parliamentary Association of the European Council (PA CE), the United Nations and the Federal Union of European Nationalities (FEUN).
    [Show full text]
  • The Local and Central Administration in Imvros/Imroz and Lemnos in the Early 19Th Century
    THE KOCABAŞIS AS INTERMEDIARIES?: THE LOCAL AND CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION IN IMVROS/İMROZ AND LEMNOS IN THE EARLY 19TH CENTURY FERYAL TANSUĞ* Studies concerning center-periphery relations and the Ottoman rule of the Mediterranean islands of Crete and Cyprus have been well debated. The particular experience of the smaller Aegean islands, ilke Chios, Samos, Patmos, Andros and Rhodes, under the Ottoman rule also began to be analyzed by scholars. Studies about these smaller Aegean islands demonstrated communication of the islanders with the central government through Muslim local authorities.' Contributing to such discussions, this paper focuses on the relationship between local intermediaries/ civil community leaders and islanders in Imvros2 and Lemnos,' two small northem Aegean islands. It hopes to give voice to the overlooked ordinary insular lives under the Ottoman rule in the middle of the 19th century. Assistant Professor, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul/TURKEY, [email protected] Gilles Veinstein, "Les documents &mis par le kap udan paşa dans k fonds ottoman de Patmos," Do- ceuments de Tiavail du CETOBAC, no. 1, Les archives de l'insularite ottomane, ed. Nicolas Vatin and Gilles Veinstein, CETOBAC, Paris 2010, pp. 13-19; Michael Ursinus, "I iı lPatinians in Their Qııest for Justice: Eighteenth Century Examples of Petitions Subrnitted to the Kapudan Paşa," in ibid., pp. 20-23; Elia% Kolovos, "Ottoman Documents from the Aegean Island of Andros: Provincial Administration, Adaptation and Limitations in the Case of an Island Society (late 16th - early 19th century)," in ibid., pp. 24-7; Nicolas Vatin, Gilles Veinstein, Insularits ottomans, Maisonneuver & Larose, Institue Français d'etudes anatolien- nes, Paris 2004; Ali Fuat örenç, Takm Dönem Tarihimizde Rodos ve Oniki Ada [Rhodes and the Dodecanese], Doğu Kütüphanesi, İstanbul 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementing and Enforcing Regional Environmental Policies in Comparative Perspective by Norman A. Graham James
    Implementing and Enforcing Regional Environmental Policies in Comparative Perspective by Norman A. Graham James Madison College, Michigan State University and Anna K. Graham Attorney at Law Paper prepared for presentation at the Annual Conference of the International Studies Association, March 26­29, 2008, San Francisco. 1 Introduction The struggle for a comprehensive EU Constitution raised attention to the challenge of focusing initiatives in “technical” or practical cooperation that are both closer to the real (albeit prosaic) interests of European citizens and worthy of serious attention in the near term. EU member states increasingly confront the realities of both economic globalization and environmental degradation, but progress has thus far been in fits and starts, with much left to be done, particularly in national implementation, inspection, and enforcement. If the EU emerges out of the “constitution crisis” energized as a stronger political community, the Common Fisheries Policy may well be an area for enhanced attention. But the questions of viable implementation and enforcement loom large. The “green” member states of the EU, led by Germany, the Netherlands and Scandinavia are predictably well out in front of what Alberta Sbragia (1997) (following Peter Haas, 1993) refers to as the large number of “laggard” EU member states on environmental policy generally. Nonetheless, many would regard the EU’s commitment and progress here as an important model for other regional governance efforts, and certainly well ahead of the global governance efforts thus far. There is some clarity in the legal environment for commercial use and pollution control ofthe Aegean Sea, Dardanelles, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus Strait, and the Black Sea, but these areas are not without political contention.
    [Show full text]
  • Traditional Occupations of Gokceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos) As a Cultural Value and Symbolic Importance
    International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 7, No. 6; June 2016 Traditional Occupations of Gokceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos) as a Cultural Value and Symbolic Importance H. Ridvan Yurtseven Professor Department of Management Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Batman University 72160, Batman, Turkey S. Emre Dilek Assistant Professor Department of Gastronomy & Culinary School of Tourism and Hotel Management, Arts Batman University 72160, Batman, Turke Abstract With its many heritages that reach up to the present day, Gokceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos) bear the characteristics of the deep-rooted civilization synthesis. The islands are a universal exhibition of intercultural backgrounds and relationships. These cultural values and their symbolic significance can be found in the elements of daily life which occurred within the historical process. Cultural value is a cultural composition. The cultural composition has been shaped by the merging of historical cultural accumulation. Cultural value is represented in many ways. Cities, villages, houses, goods, tools, techniques have their own cultural values. These values, in the simplest form, occur in the ordinary people's daily life and their manufacturing methods. When viewed from this aspect; the traditional occupations, which reflect the socio-cultural and economic characteristics of the society, are important. Traditional occupations protect the cultural values and transfer them to the future generations as symbolic significance. In this paper, which is entitled as “Traditional Occupations of Gokceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos) As a Cultural Value and Symbolic Importance”, documentation study of oral history is implemented with the people who perform traditional occupations of Gokceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos).
    [Show full text]
  • Opening Speech
    II. National Symposium On The Aegean Islands, 2-3 July 2004, Gökçeada - Çanakkale OPENING SPEECH Ali KURUMAHMUT Prime Ministry of Navigation Counsellorship Marine Transportation General Manager The Aegean Sea lies between the Turkish and the Greek main lands, as well as between the Morea peninsular and the southwestern edges of the Anatolian coasts, with the extension of the islands of Çuha, Küçük Çuha, Girit, Kaşot, Kerpe and Rodos that constitute its outer natural boundaries. In terms of the geographical structure, the Aegean, a semi-closed sea, has geological and geo-morphological characteristics peculiar to itself: it has about 1800 islands, islets and rocks of various sorts, as well as a number of geographical formations, scattered al over the Sea. There is little wonder that all these characteristics make the Aegean Sea a special one. The Aegean dispute between Greece and Turkey has been complicated for a number of reasons: for instance, there are many islands in the Aegean that Turkey ceded to Greece through international treaties. And these islands lying in the natural extension of the Turkish mainland surround Anatolia from north to the south. But Athens makes claims of sovereignty over many islands, islets, and rocks though Ankara never ceded any of them to Greece officially. The most obvious and famous case would be the Kardak rocks crisis that erupted between Turkey and Greece at the beginning of 1996. These complications make the Aegean a sea that is of special importance among the seas of the world. It is possible to divide the Aegean Islands into five categories in terms of their geographical locations, geological and geo-morphological characteristics, the historical perspectives of the sovereign powers to which they belonged, the manner in which the sovereignty over them was determined through international treaties, as well as their importance for geo-political and strategic purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Lausanne Treaty?
    WHAT LS THE 'BASIC THINKING' OF THE LAUSANNE TREATY? YANNIS A. STIVACHTlS One of Lhe issues of contenLion beLween Turkeyand Greece is the intention of Lhe lalter LoexLent İls territorial waters. This issue is of great impartance bccause it is rclated Lothe delimitation of LheGrcck airspace and the Aegcan conLinental shelL Obviously, any extension of the Greek territorial sea would bring further parts of the Aegcan Sea and Lhe Aegcan continental shclf into the Greek sovereignty. A possible extension of the Grcck territorial waters to twelve nautical miles would alsa aııow Grecce to exercise sovereign righLs over a greater part of the Aegcan airspace. it is, therefore, evident that Turkish interests in the area would be very much affecLed by a decision of Grecce to exLent iL')terriLorial sea in the Aegcan. For defending its intenLions, Grecce poinLs to the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention that gives the right to its signatories to extent their territorial waLers up to Lwelve nautical miIcs. Turkey, however, contests the right of Grccce to do so. The Turkish argumentaLion is based on five grounds. First, any extension of the Greek territorial waters would be in conllict with the 'basic thinking' of the Lausanne Treaty. Second, such an eXLension would be also in conllicı with the declarations and SLatements of the Greek delegation at the 1958 Geneva Conference on the Law of ıhe Sea. Third, bccause Turkey is not a signatory party to the 1982 Convention it is not obliged, according to international treaty law, to aecept the terms of the Conventian as they apply to the Aegcan Sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Venetian Art, 1600–1797 Massimo Favilla, Ruggero Rugolo, And
    VENETIAN ART, 1600–1797 Massimo Favilla, Ruggero Rugolo, and Dulcia Meijers* Part One: The 17th Century On 21 August 1609, Galileo Galilei gave a demonstration of his recently perfected telescope to Doge Leonardo Donà and the senators of the Vene- tian Republic from a room atop the bell-tower of St. Mark’s. By means of this extraordinary instrument, places and things once invisible to the naked eye suddenly came within view: in this case, even the domes of the basilica of Santa Giustina in Padua.1 Venice thus witnessed the beginning of a new vision of the world, which in the realm of painting helped bring about the infinite and vertiginous perspectives displayed on the baroque walls and ceilings of all of Europe. Three years earlier, in 1606, the Roman curia had excommunicated the Republic of San Marco for the state’s stalwart defense of its own jurisdic- tion (the Interdict crisis). In the face of unacceptable interference from Rome, the Dominante reacted with obstinate opposition and held its ground throughout the trying episode. The passing of the century brought still other critical moments: the devastating plague of 1630, followed by the disastrous war of Candia (1645–69), in which Venice finally lost the homonymous island (Crete in Italian) to the Ottoman Empire, the high point in 1687 of Venice’s long-awaited first victories over the Ottomans led by the future Doge Francesco Morosini “il Peloponnesiaco,” and the appro- priately solemn consecration of the monumental Basilica della Salute in 1631 (in the wake of the plague) designed by Baldassare Longhena.
    [Show full text]
  • {DOWNLOAD} Venice, a Maritime Republic Pdf Free Download
    VENICE, A MARITIME REPUBLIC PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Frederic Chapin Lane | 528 pages | 01 Dec 1973 | JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS | 9780801814600 | English | Baltimore, MD, United States Republic of Venice | Account Options Sign in. Try the new Google Books. Check out the new look and enjoy easier access to your favorite features. Try it now. No thanks. Get print book. JHU Press Amazon. Shop for Books on Google Play Browse the world's largest eBookstore and start reading today on the web, tablet, phone, or ereader. Venice, A Maritime Republic. Frederic Chapin Lane. JHU Press , - History - pages. The children's version of the 1 New York Times bestselling classic Seriously, Just Go to Sleep is the G-rated, child-friendly version of the book every parent has been talking about. Of course, kids are well aware of how difficult they can be at bedtime. With Mansbach's new child-appropriate narrative, kids will recognize their tactics, giggle at their own mischievousness, and empathize with their parents' struggles--a perspective most children's books don't capture. Most importantly, it provides a common ground for children and their parents to talk about one of their most stressful daily rituals. This is a fixed-format ebook, which preserves the design and layout of the original print book. User Review - Flag as inappropriate Seamen. Selected pages Title Page. Table of Contents. Contents The Beginnings. A Community Center by Canaletto. Venice about woodcut by Vavassore. Victories BeyondtheSea and in Romania. Illuminated Initial from the Maritime Code of Doge Leonardo Loredan by Giovanni Bellini. The Condottiere in front of San Marco.
    [Show full text]
  • Patrician Lawyers in Quattrocento Venice
    _________________________________________________________________________Swansea University E-Theses Servants of the Republic: Patrician lawyers in Quattrocento Venice. Jones, Scott Lee How to cite: _________________________________________________________________________ Jones, Scott Lee (2010) Servants of the Republic: Patrician lawyers in Quattrocento Venice.. thesis, Swansea University. http://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42517 Use policy: _________________________________________________________________________ This item is brought to you by Swansea University. Any person downloading material is agreeing to abide by the terms of the repository licence: copies of full text items may be used or reproduced in any format or medium, without prior permission for personal research or study, educational or non-commercial purposes only. The copyright for any work remains with the original author unless otherwise specified. The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder. Permission for multiple reproductions should be obtained from the original author. Authors are personally responsible for adhering to copyright and publisher restrictions when uploading content to the repository. Please link to the metadata record in the Swansea University repository, Cronfa (link given in the citation reference above.) http://www.swansea.ac.uk/library/researchsupport/ris-support/ Swansea University Prifysgol Abertawe Servants of the Republic: Patrician Lawyers inQuattrocento Venice Scott Lee Jones Submitted to the University of Wales in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2010 ProQuest Number: 10805266 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]