The Genoese in Chios, I346-1566

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Genoese in Chios, I346-1566 418 July Downloaded from The Genoese in Chios, i346-1566 F the Latin states which existed in Greek lands between the Latin conquest of Constantinople in 1204 and the fall of O http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ the Venetian republic in 1797, there were four principal forms. Those states were either independent kingdoms, such as Cyprus ; feudal principalities, of which that of Achaia is the best example ; military outposts, like Rhodes ; or colonies directly governed by the mother-country, of which Crete was the most conspicuous. But the Genoese administration of Chios differed from all the other Latin creations in the Levant. It was what we should call in modern parlance a Chartered Company, which on a smaller at Memorial University of Newfoundland on April 4, 2015 scale anticipated the career of the East India and the British South Africa Companies in our own history. The origins of the Latin colonization of Greece are usually to be found in places and circumstances where we should least expect to find them. The incident which led to this Genoese occupation of the most fertile island of the Aegean is to be sought in the history of the smallest of European principalities—that of Monaco, which in the first half of the fourteenth century already belonged to the noble Genoese family of Grimaldi, which still reigns over it. At that time the rock of Monaco and the picturesque village of Roquebrune (between Monte Carlo and Mentone) sheltered a number of Genoese nobles, fugitives from their native city, where one of those revolutions common in the medieval republics of Italy had placed the popular party in power. The proximity and the preparations of these exiles were a menace to Genoa, but the resources of the republican treasury were too much exhausted to equip a fleet against them at the cost of the state. Accordingly, an appeal was made to the patriot- ism of private citizens, whose expenses were to be ultimately refunded, and in the meanwhile guaranteed by the possession of any conquered territory. In response to this appeal, twenty-six of the people and three nobles of the popular party equipped that number of galleys, which were placed under the command of Simone Vignoso, himself one of the twenty-nine privateers. On 24 April 1346 the fleet set sail; and, at its approach, the outlawed nobles fled to Marseilles, whence many of them entered 1915 THE GENOESE IN CHIOS, 1346-1566 419 the French army and died four months later fighting at Crecy against our King Edward III. The immediate object for which the fleet had been fitted out had been thus accomplished. But it seemed to Vignoso a pity that it should not be employed, and the Near East offered a tempting field for its activities. The condition of south-eastern Europe in 1346 might perhaps be paralleled with its situation in later times. An ancient empire, which Gladstone described as Downloaded from ' more wonderful than anything done by the Romans ', enthroned on the Bosporos with one brief interval for ten centuries, was obviously crumbling away, and its ultimate dissolution was only a question of time. A lad of fourteen, John V. Palaioldgos, sat on the throne of the Caesars, while a woman and a foreigner, http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ the empress-mother Anne of Savoy, governed in his name. Against her and her son the too-powerful Grand Domestic (or, as we should say, prime minister), John Cantacuzene, whom posterity remembers rather as an historian than as an emperor, had raised the standard of revolt. In Asia Minor Byzantium retained nothing but the suburb of Scutari, Phila- delphia, and the two towns of Phdkaia. Independent emirs ruled the south and centre, the Ottomans the north, whence in at Memorial University of Newfoundland on April 4, 2015 seven years they were to cross into Europe, in eight more to transfer their capital to Adrianople. Already the European provinces of Byzantium were cut short by the frontier of the Bulgarian Empire and still more by the rapid advance of Servia, then the most powerful state in the Balkan peninsula. Seventeen days before Vignoso sailed for the East, the great Servian conqueror and lawgiver, Stephen Dushan, one of the most remarkable figures in medieval history, was crowned at Skoplje ' Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks ' and had proposed to Genoa's rival, Venice, an alliance for the conquest of the Byzantine Empire. Greece proper, with the exception of the Byzantine province in the Morea, was parcelled out between Latin rulers, while Byzan- tium had no fleet to protect her outlying territories. Under these circumstances a commercial Italian republic might not unnaturally seek to peg out claims in the midst of the general confusion in the East, where only two years before Smyrna, formerly a Genoese colony, had been recaptured from the Turks. Vignoso's first intention was to protect the Genoese settlements on the Black Sea against the attacks of the Tartars ; but informa- tion received at Negroponte, where he touched on the way, led him to change his plans. There he found a fleet of Venetian and Rhodian galleys, under the Dauphin of Vienne, preparing to occupy Chios as a naval base for operations against the Turks in Asia Minor. Vignoso and his associates were offered large sums for their co-operation, but their patriotism rejected the Be 2 420 THE GENOESE IN CHIOS, 1346-1566 July idea of handing over to the rival republic an island which had belonged to the Genoese family of Zaccaria from 1304 to 1329, and which as recently as seventeen years earlier had been recovered by the Greeks. They made all sail for Chios, and offered to assist the islanders against a Venetian attack, if they would hoist the Genoese flag and admit a small Genoese garrison. The scornful refusal of the garrison was followed by the landing of the Genoese ; four days sufficed to take the rest of the island ; but the citadel Downloaded from made such a spirited resistance that three months passed before food gave out and on September 12 the capitulation was signed. The governor, Kalojanni Cybo, himself of Genoese extraction, and a member of the well-known Ligurian family which afterwards produced Pope Innocent Vill, made excellent terms for himself http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ and his relatives, while the Greeks were to enjoy their former religious liberties and endowments, their property, and their privileges. A Genoese governor was to be appointed to administer the island according to the laws of the republic, and 200 houses in the citadel were assigned at once for the use of the Genoese garrison. Vignoso proved by his example that he meant to keep these promises. He ordered his own son to be flogged publicly at Memorial University of Newfoundland on April 4, 2015 for stealing grapes from a vineyard belonging to one of the natives, and bequeathed a sum of money for providing poor Chiote girls with dowries as compensation for any damage that he might have inflicted upon the islanders. Vignoso completed the conquest of Chios by the annexation of Old and New Phdkaia, or Foglia Vecchia and Nuova, as the Italians called them, almost the last Byzantine possessions on the coast of Asia Minor, and celebrated for their valuable alum-mines, whence English ships used to obtain materials for dyeing, and of the neighbouring islands of Psara, or Santa Panagia, Samos, Ikaria, and the Oenousai.1 All these places had belonged to the former Genoese lords of Chios, with whose fortunes they were now reunited. The two Foglie, with the exception of a brief Byzantine restoration, remained in Genoese hands till they were conquered by the Turks in 1455 ; Foglia Vecchia, after about 1402, being administered by the Gattilusj of Lesbos, Foglia Nuova being leased to a member of the maona for life or a term of years. Samos and Psara were abandoned in 1475 from fear of corsairs, and their inhabitants removed to Chios, whilst the harbourless Ikaria, where pirates could not land, was in 1362 granted to the Genoese family of Arangio, which held it with the title of Count until 1481. In that year it was ceded for greater security to 1 Jerosme Justinian, La Description et Histoirc de Visit de Sdos, ov. Chios, part i, 19; part ii, 166 ; BoBchini, VArdpelago, pp. 72, 74 ; Piacenza, L'Egeo Rtdivivo, pp. 200, 216; Coronelli, I sola di Rodi, p. 360. To this occupation of Ikaria refers the ballad in Journal of Hellenic Studies, I 293-300. 1915 THE GENOESE IN CHIOS, 1346-1566 421 the knights of Rhodes, and remained united with that island till it too was conquered by the Turks in 1522. Vignoso desired to add the rich island of Lesbos and the strategic island of Tenedos, which, as we have been lately reminded, commands the mouth of the Dardanelles, to his acquisitions. But his crews had had enough of fighting, and were so mutinous that he returned to Genoa.2 The Genoese exchequer was unable to repay to Vignoso and Downloaded from his partners their expenses, amounting to 203,000 Genoese pounds (£79,170 of our money) or 7,000 for each of the twenty-nine galleys, the Genoese pound being then, according to Desimoni, worth 9 lire 75 centesimi. Accordingly, by an arrangement made on 26 February 1347, it was agreed that the republic should http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ liquidate this liability within twenty years and thereupon become the direct owner of the conquered places, which in the meanwhile were to be governed—and the civil and criminal administration conducted—in her name.
Recommended publications
  • The Situation of the Inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish Cultural Background
    Doc. 12526 23 February 2011 The situation of the inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish cultural background Report 1 Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights Rapporteur: Mr Andreas GROSS, Switzerland, Socialist Group Summary The Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights notes that the inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish cultural background are generally well integrated into the multicultural societies of the two islands. It commends the Greek Government for its genuine commitment to maintaining and developing the islands’ cosmopolitan character. The islands’ multiculturalism is the fruit of their rich history, which includes four centuries of generally tolerant Ottoman Turk rule. The good understanding between the majority population and the different minority groups, including that with a Turkish cultural background, is an important asset for the economic prosperity of the islands. The committee notes that better knowledge of the Turkish language and culture would benefit not only the inhabitants with a Turkish cultural background, but also their neighbours. Other issues raised by the inhabitants concerned include the apparent lack of transparency and accountability of the administration of the Muslim religious foundations (vakfs), and the unclear status of the Muslim religious leadership on the islands. The recommendations proposed by the committee are intended to assist the Greek authorities in resolving these issues in a constructive manner. 1 Reference to Committee: Doc. 11904, Reference 3581 of 22 June 2009. F – 67075 Strasbourg Cedex | [email protected] | Tel: + 33 3 88 41 2000 | Fax: +33 3 88 41 2733 Doc. 12526 A. Draft resolution 2 1. The Parliamentary Assembly notes that the inhabitants of Rhodes and Kos with a Turkish cultural background are generally well integrated into the multicultural societies of the two islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Crete in Autumn
    Crete in Autumn Naturetrek Tour Report 22 - 29 October 2013 Cyclamen hederifolium Olive Grove Pancratium maritimum Sternbergia sicula Report & images compiled by David Tattersfield Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 0NG England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Crete in Autumn Tour Leader: David Tattersfield Naturetrek Botanist Participants: Jan Shearn Jo Andrews John Andrews Lynne Booth Bernard Booth Frances Druce Christine Holmes Robin Clode Joanne Clode Diane Gee June Oliver John Tarr Vivien Gates Day 1 Tuesday 22nd October The group arrived in Hania on direct flights from Gatwick and Manchester, an hour or so apart. We were met by our driver for the short journey to our hotel and had the remaining part of the afternoon to settle in and explore. We reassembled in the early evening before going out for a delicious selection of traditional Cretan food in a nearby Taverna. Day 2 Wednesday 23rd October We left Hania travelling westwards and after shopping for lunch we made our first stop along the coast at a sandy bay, backed by a small area of dunes. A typical coastal flora included Cottonweed Otanthus maritimus, Sea Holly Eryngium maritimum, the striking spiny grey hummocks of Centaurea spinosa and Sea Daffodil Pancratium maritimum, mostly in fruit, but a few still displaying their spectacular sweetly-scented flowers. South of Kolimbari, on the rocky hillsides above the pretty village of Marathocephala, there were flowers of Cyclamen graecum subsp. graecum, which is restricted to the north-west of the island and the tall flower spikes of Sea Squill, Charybdis maritima.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gattilusj of Lesbos (1355—1462). «Me Clara Caesar Donat Leebo Ac Mytilene, Caesar, Qui Graio Praesidet Iraperio'
    The Gattilusj of Lesbos (1355—1462). «Me clara Caesar donat Leebo ac Mytilene, Caesar, qui Graio praesidet iraperio'. Corsi apud Folieta The Genoese occupation of Chios, Lesbos, and Phokaia by the families of Zaccaria and Cattaneo was not forgotten in the counting- houses of the Ligurian Republic. In 1346, two years after the capture of Smyrna, Chios once more passed under Genoese control, the two Foglie followed suite, and in 1355 the strife between John Cantacuzene and John V Palaiologos for the throne of Byzantium enabled a daring Genoese, Francesco Gattilusio, to found a dynasty in Lesbos, which gradually extended its branches to the islands of the Thracian sea and to the city of Ainos on the opposite mainland, and which lasted in the original seat for more than a Century. Disappointed in a previous attempt to recover his rights, the young Emperor John V was at this time living in retirement on the island of Tenedos, then a portion of the Greek Empire and from its position at the mouth of the Dardanelles both an excellent post of obserration and a good base for a descent upon Constantinople. During his so- journ there, a couple of Genoese galleys arrived, commanded by Fran- cesco Gattilusio, a wealthy freebooter, who had sailed from his native oity to onrvp rmt for himself, annidst the confusion of the Orient, a petty principality in the Thracian Chersonese, äs others of his compa- triots had twice done in Chios, äs the Venetian nobles had done in the Archipelago 150 years earlier. The Emperor found in this chance visi- tor an Instrument to effect his own restoration; the two men came to terms, and John V promised, that if Gattilusio would help him to recover his throne, he would bestow upon him the hand of his sister Maria — an honour similar to that conferred by Michael VIII upon Benedetto Zaccaria.
    [Show full text]
  • Separating Fact from Fiction in the Aiolian Migration
    hesperia yy (2008) SEPARATING FACT Pages399-430 FROM FICTION IN THE AIOLIAN MIGRATION ABSTRACT Iron Age settlementsin the northeastAegean are usuallyattributed to Aioliancolonists who journeyed across the Aegean from mainland Greece. This articlereviews the literary accounts of the migration and presentsthe relevantarchaeological evidence, with a focuson newmaterial from Troy. No onearea played a dominantrole in colonizing Aiolis, nor is sucha widespread colonizationsupported by the archaeologicalrecord. But the aggressive promotionof migrationaccounts after the PersianWars provedmutually beneficialto bothsides of theAegean and justified the composition of the Delian League. Scholarlyassessments of habitation in thenortheast Aegean during the EarlyIron Age are remarkably consistent: most settlements are attributed toAiolian colonists who had journeyed across the Aegean from Thessaly, Boiotia,Akhaia, or a combinationof all three.1There is no uniformityin theancient sources that deal with the migration, although Orestes and his descendantsare named as theleaders in mostaccounts, and are credited withfounding colonies over a broadgeographic area, including Lesbos, Tenedos,the western and southerncoasts of theTroad, and theregion betweenthe bays of Adramyttion and Smyrna(Fig. 1). In otherwords, mainlandGreece has repeatedly been viewed as theagent responsible for 1. TroyIV, pp. 147-148,248-249; appendixgradually developed into a Mountjoy,Holt Parker,Gabe Pizzorno, Berard1959; Cook 1962,pp. 25-29; magisterialstudy that is includedhere Allison Sterrett,John Wallrodt, Mal- 1973,pp. 360-363;Vanschoonwinkel as a companionarticle (Parker 2008). colm Wiener, and the anonymous 1991,pp. 405-421; Tenger 1999, It is our hope that readersinterested in reviewersfor Hesperia. Most of trie pp. 121-126;Boardman 1999, pp. 23- the Aiolian migrationwill read both articlewas writtenin the Burnham 33; Fisher2000, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • CALL for INTERNS at the Chios Institute for Mediterranean Affairs
    CALL FOR INTERNS at the Chios Institute for Mediterranean Affairs The Mediterranean is a lake. It does not separate nations, it connects peoples. The Chios Institute for Mediterranean Affairs is looking for up to 10 interns starting from the summer of 2010. We therefore invite B.A. and M.A. students who are dedicated to our goals and who share our passion for the Mediterranean region to submit their application. Who are we? The Chios Institute for Mediterranean Affairs is a young and innovative non‐ governmental, not‐for‐profit organisation which works as a meeting point for civil society actors, businessmen and researchers throughout the Mediterranean. To this aim, CIMA... ¾ functions as a Euro‐Mediterranean agora, where regional issues of common interest can be debated; ¾ fosters cultural exchanges and dialogue between civil societies throughout the Mediterranean through its EuroMed Forum; ¾ spreads information about regional economic opportunities, attract investments and economic activities at the local level; ¾ promotes sustainable tourism and environmental awareness; ¾ takes part in the ongoing reflection on the Euro‐Mediterranean Partnership through a series of academic publications; ¾ organises education and training events (summer schools). Who are we looking for? We are looking for talented and committed interns from a broad variety of academic disciplines: Geography, Political Science, International Relations, Anthropology, Cultural Studies, Linguistics, Law, Development Studies, Journalism, Media and Communication, Multimedia Web Design. However, we do not select interns on the basis of the courses they attended. Your previous professional experiences, your hobbies and interests, your personal and linguistic skills, your motivation and commitment to CIMA’s goals and your willingness to be part of an international and intercultural team are what we are really looking for.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Greece, Its Islands
    CHANDLERet al.: 255-314 - Studia dipterologica 12 (2005) Heft 2 ISSN 0945-3954 The Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae , Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) of Greece, its islands and Cyprus [Die Pilzmiicken (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae und Mycetophilidae) Griechenlands und seiner Inseln sowie Zypern4 1 by Peter J. CHANDLER, Dimitar N. BECHEV and Norbert CASPERS Mclksham (UK) Plovdiv (Bulgaria) Bechen (Gernlany) - - -. - ~ Abstract The spccics of fungu\ gnats (Bolitophilidae, Diadoc~dildae,Ditomyiidac. Keroplat~d:~eand Mycetophilidae) o~urringin Greece and Cyprus are reviewed. Altogether 201 species :Ire recorded, 189 for Greece and 69 for Cyprus. Of these 126 specie5 arc newly recorded fol. Greece and 36 arc newly recorded for Cyprus. The following new taxa arc described from Greece: Macrorrhyrtcha ibis spec. nov., M. pelargos spec. nov., M. laconica spec. nov., Macrocera critica spec. nov., Docosia cephaloniae spec. nov., D. enos spec. nov., D. pa- siphae spec. nov., Megophthalmidia illyrica spec. nov.. M. ionica spec. nov., M. pytho spec. nov., Mycomya thrakis spec. nov., Allocolocera scheria spec. nov., Sciophila pandora spec. nov., Ryrnosia labyrinthos spec. nov.; M. ill\,ric,cr is also recorded troln Croc~lia.The follow- ing ncw taa are described from Cyprus: Macrocera cypriaca spec. nov., Megophthalmidia alrzicola spec. nov., M. cedricola spec. nov. The following neu synonymies are propod: M!,c,c~r~iwrenuis I WXLKER,1856) = M. interniissa PL.ASSMA~N,l984 syn. nov., Plrror~rtr~1.illi.s- torri DLIFI>ZICKI,1889 = P rnciscr CASFERS,1991 syn. nov. A key is provided for thc western Palaearctic specie5 of M(ic-i.orrh~~~ic-IrciWI~~ERTZ.
    [Show full text]
  • Winelist Fall 19.Pdf
    u WINES BY THE GLASS u ποτήρι κρασί Retsina glass bottle 17 Kechris, ‘Tear of the Pine’ Retsina, Thessaloniki 14 56 18 Kechris, ‘Kechribari’ Retsina, Thessaloniki, 500ml 12 Sparkling 12 Glinavos ‘Zitsa Brut,’ Zitsa, Epirus 16 64 17 Kir-Yianni Rosé ‘Akakies,’ Amyndaio 13 52 Wh i t e 17 Moschofilero, Troupis ‘Fteri,’ Arkadia 11 44 18 Assyrtiko, Gai’a ‘Thalassitis,’ Santorini 16 64 17 Malvasia, Douloufakis ‘Femina,’ Crete 13 52 17 Assyrtiko / Malagouzia, Domaine Nerantzi 16 64 ‘Pentapolis,’ Serres, Macedonia Orange 18 Sauvignon Blanc, Oenogenisis ‘Mataroa,’ Drama 14 56 Rosé 17 Sideritis, Ktima Parparoussis ‘Petit Fleur,’ Achaia, Peloponnese 13 52 Red 17 Xinomavro, Thymiopoulos ‘Young Vines,’ Naoussa 13 52 17 Mavrodaphne, Sklavos ‘Orgion,’ Kefalonia 16 64 16 Agiorgitiko, Tselepos, Nemea, Peloponnese 13 52 16 Limniona, Domaine Zafeirakis, Tyrnavos, Thessaly 16 64 16 Tsapournakos, Voyatzi, Velvento, Macedonia 16 64 Carafe white/red καράφα Please ask your server! 32 u u u u u u WINES BY THE BOTtLE SPARKLING αφρώδες κρασί orange πορτοκαλί κρασί 17 Domaine Spiropoulos ‘Ode Panos’ Brut, Mantinia, Peloponnese 58 17 Roditis / Moschatela / Vostylidi / Muscat, Sclavos ‘Alchymiste,’ Kefalonia 38 Stone fruits and fl owers. Nectar of the gods. Dip your toes in the orange wine pool with this staff fave. Aromatic and affable. 13 Tselepos ‘Amalia’ Brut, Nemea, Peloponnese 90 18 Savatiano, Georgas Family, Spata 48 Rustic and earthy, from the hottest, driest region in Greece. Sort of miracle wine. Better than Veuve. (For real, though.) NV Tselepos ‘Amalia’ Brut Roze, Nemea, Peloponnese 60 NV Aspro Potamisi / Rosaki, Kathalas ‘Un Été Grec’, Tinos 120 The new cult classic.
    [Show full text]
  • A Near Eastern Ethnic Element Among the Etruscan Elite? Jodi Magness University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    Etruscan Studies Journal of the Etruscan Foundation Volume 8 Article 4 2001 A Near Eastern Ethnic Element Among the Etruscan Elite? Jodi Magness University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/etruscan_studies Recommended Citation Magness, Jodi (2001) "A Near Eastern Ethnic Element Among the Etruscan Elite?," Etruscan Studies: Vol. 8 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/etruscan_studies/vol8/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Etruscan Studies by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Near EasTern EThnic ElemenT Among The ETruscan EliTe? by Jodi Magness INTRODUCTION:THEPROBLEMOFETRUSCANORIGINS 1 “Virtually all archaeologists now agree that the evidence is overwhelmingly in favour of the “indigenous” theory of Etruscan origins: the development of Etruscan culture has to be understood within an evolutionary sequence of social elaboration in Etruria.” 2 “The archaeological evidence now available shows no sign of any invasion, migra- Tion, or colonisaTion in The eighTh cenTury... The formaTion of ETruscan civilisaTion occurred in ITaly by a gradual process, The final sTages of which can be documenTed in The archaeo- logical record from The ninTh To The sevenTh cenTuries BC... For This reason The problem of ETruscan origins is nowadays (righTly) relegaTed To a fooTnoTe in scholarly accounTs.” 3 he origins of the Etruscans have been the subject of debate since classical antiqui- Tty. There have traditionally been three schools of thought (or “models” or “the- ories”) regarding Etruscan origins, based on a combination of textual, archaeo- logical, and linguistic evidence.4 According to the first school of thought, the Etruscans (or Tyrrhenians = Tyrsenoi, Tyrrhenoi) originated in the eastern Mediterranean.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Profile of the Chios Island
    Island of Chios - Investment Profile September 2016 Contents 1. Profile of the island 2. Island of Chios - Competitive Advantages 3. Investment Opportunities in the island 4. Investment Incentives 1. Profile of the island 2. Island of Chios - Competitive Advantages 3. Investment Opportunities in the island 4. Investment Incentives The island of Chios: Οverview Chios is one of the largest islands of the North East Aegean and the fifth largest in Greece, with a coastline of 213 km. It is very close to Asia Minor and lies opposite the Erythraia peninsula. It is known as one of the most likely birthplaces of the ancient mathematicians Hippocrates and Enopides. Chios is notable for its exports of mastic and its nickname is ”The mastic island”. The Regional Unit of Chios includes the islands of Chios, Psara, Antipsara and Oinousses and is divided into three municipalities: Chios, Psara and Oinouses. ➢ Area of 842.5 km² ➢ 5th largest of the Greek islands ➢Permanent population: ➢52.574 inhabitants (census 2011) including Oinousses and Psara ➢51.390 inhabitants (only Chios) Quick facts The island of Chios is a unique destination with: Cultural and natural sites • Important cultural heritage and several historical monuments • Rich natural environment of a unique diversity Archaeological sites: 5 • Rich agricultural land and production expertise in agriculture and Museums: 9 livestock production (mastic, olives, citrus fruits etc) Natura 2000 regions: 2 • RES capacity (solar, wind, hydro) Beaches: 45 • Great concentration in fisheries and aquaculture Source: http://www.chios.gr • Satisfactory infrastructure of transport networks (1 airport, 2 ports and road network) • Great history, culture and tradition in mercantile maritime, with hundreds of seafarers and ship owners Transport infrastructure Chios is served by one airport and two ports (Chios-central port and Mesta-port) and a satisfactory public road network.
    [Show full text]
  • The Turkish Bath in the Castle of Chios
    The bath is located at the confliction HELLENIC MINISTRY OF CULTURE ΑΝD SPORTS of the sea walls of the Castle EPHORATE OF ANTIQUITIES OF CHIOS with the land walls... The Third Community Support Framework (2000-2006) sup- ported initiatives and inter- ventions aiming at improving the quality of life through the enhancement of the cultural environment. Among other ac- tivities, it supported cultural ac- tions that strengthened down- graded large urban regions, in order to improve them. Actions of this kind were funded by the Program for Integrated Urban Development Interventions in Local Zones of Small Scale and within the scope of this program the settlement of the Castle of Chios, which displays many negative features, was selected. The –then responsi- The Turkish Bath ble– 3rd Ephorate of Byzantine HELLENIC MINISTRY Antiquities, promoted the res- OF CULTURE AND SPORTS in the Castle of Chios toration and reuse of the large EPHORATE OF ANTIQUITIES Turkish bath in the Castle, a OF CHIOS major landmark and point of reference in the settlement, 1 Navarchou Nikodimou str, located in one of the most so- Chios 821 31, Greece cially and culturally diverse tel: +30 22710 44238 neighborhoods of the conglom- e-mail: [email protected] eration. www.culture.gr QCOLD ROOM QWARM ROOM QHOT ROOMS QCAULDRON ROOM QWATER TANKS QTOILETS QBATHKEEPER’S ROOM The bath is located at the confliction of the sea walls of the the large hot area, under the imposing dome, 7.90 m / 25.92 everyday practices, which differ from those of today, give us an Castle with the land walls.
    [Show full text]
  • Lemnos.Qxp 23/11/2019 15:42 Page 127
    7429 Greece 2020 Lemnos.qxp 23/11/2019 15:42 Page 127 Greece | North Aegean Islands | Lemnos Ancient Kavirio L Ancient Ifestia Lemnos 470m Kotsinas Varos Agios Ioannis v It does exist! An unspoiled island with a very Greek Kaspakas myrina flavour, relatively few tourists, excellent sandy Plati Moudros Thanos Kondias Ancient beaches, a characterful port, and a direct flight… Poliochni Lemnos lies halfway between the That said, excursions do run (notably no facilities but is lesser populated. the Argonauts reached the island… shores of Asia Minor and the slopes boat trips and a round-island coach At Poliochni the remnants of four The island was successfully of Mount Athos. Indeed you can see trip); bicycles, cars and small boats cities have been found – the most repopulated.’ Athos on a clear day, and they say can be rented; horse riding and a ancient predates Troy and is a site of They do say these old tales often that the holy mountain casts its range of water sports is available at world significance, being possibly have a factual basis. Could that old shadow on Lemnos twice a year. Plati and there is a PADI dive school. the oldest known town settlement man sitting in the coffee shop be a The island resembles a huge Myrina, the capital, bisected by a in Europe. direct descendant of Jason himself? butterfly, its many bays giving a dominant Venetian Castro, really is More recently, Lemnos has coastline of some 260 kms. It is the most a most attractive little town. witnessed the familiar eighth largest Greek island, which The harbour is archetypal with an Mediterranean roll-call, Romans, means plenty of scope for array of cafés and restaurants, and Venetians, Genoese and Turks all Lemnos InformatIon exploration.
    [Show full text]
  • THE RECENT HİSTORY of the RHODES and KOS TURKS “The Silent Cry Rising in the Aegean Sea”
    THE RECENT HİSTORY OF THE RHODES and KOS TURKS “The Silent Cry Rising in the Aegean Sea” Prof. Dr.Mustafa KAYMAKÇI Assoc. Prof. Dr.Cihan ÖZGÜN Translated by: Mengü Noyan Çengel Karşıyaka-Izmir 2015 1 Writers Prof. Dr. Mustafa KAYMAKÇI [email protected] Mustafa Kaymakçı was born in Rhodes. His family was forced to immigrate to Turkey for fear of losing their Turkish identity. He graduated from Ege University Faculty of Agriculture in 1969 and earned his professorship in 1989. He has authored 12 course books and over 200 scientific articles. He has always tried to pass novelties and scientific knowledge on to farmers, who are his target audience. These activities earned him many scientific awards and plaques of appreciation. His achievements include •“Gödence Village Agricultural Development Cooperative Achievement Award, 2003”; •“TMMOB Chamber of Agricultural Engineers Scientific Award, 2004”; and •“Turkish Sheep Breeders Scientific Award, 2009”. His name was given to a Street in Acıpayam (denizli) in 2003. In addition to his course books, Prof. Kaymakçı is also the author of five books on agricultural and scientific policies. They include •Notes on Turkey’s Agriculture, 2009; •Agricultural Articles Against Global Capitalization, 2010; •Agriculture Is Independence, 2011; •Famine and Imperialism, 2012 (Editor); and •Science Political Articles Against Globalization, 2012. Kaymakçı is the President of the Rhodes and Kos and the Dodecanese Islands Turks Culture and Solidarity Association since 1996. Under his presidency, the association reflected the problems of the Turks living in Rhodes and Kos to organizations including Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Parliamentary Association of the European Council (PA CE), the United Nations and the Federal Union of European Nationalities (FEUN).
    [Show full text]