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The Gattilusj of Lesbos (1355—1462). «Me Clara Caesar Donat Leebo Ac Mytilene, Caesar, Qui Graio Praesidet Iraperio'
The Gattilusj of Lesbos (1355—1462). «Me clara Caesar donat Leebo ac Mytilene, Caesar, qui Graio praesidet iraperio'. Corsi apud Folieta The Genoese occupation of Chios, Lesbos, and Phokaia by the families of Zaccaria and Cattaneo was not forgotten in the counting- houses of the Ligurian Republic. In 1346, two years after the capture of Smyrna, Chios once more passed under Genoese control, the two Foglie followed suite, and in 1355 the strife between John Cantacuzene and John V Palaiologos for the throne of Byzantium enabled a daring Genoese, Francesco Gattilusio, to found a dynasty in Lesbos, which gradually extended its branches to the islands of the Thracian sea and to the city of Ainos on the opposite mainland, and which lasted in the original seat for more than a Century. Disappointed in a previous attempt to recover his rights, the young Emperor John V was at this time living in retirement on the island of Tenedos, then a portion of the Greek Empire and from its position at the mouth of the Dardanelles both an excellent post of obserration and a good base for a descent upon Constantinople. During his so- journ there, a couple of Genoese galleys arrived, commanded by Fran- cesco Gattilusio, a wealthy freebooter, who had sailed from his native oity to onrvp rmt for himself, annidst the confusion of the Orient, a petty principality in the Thracian Chersonese, äs others of his compa- triots had twice done in Chios, äs the Venetian nobles had done in the Archipelago 150 years earlier. The Emperor found in this chance visi- tor an Instrument to effect his own restoration; the two men came to terms, and John V promised, that if Gattilusio would help him to recover his throne, he would bestow upon him the hand of his sister Maria — an honour similar to that conferred by Michael VIII upon Benedetto Zaccaria. -
Winelist Fall 19.Pdf
u WINES BY THE GLASS u ποτήρι κρασί Retsina glass bottle 17 Kechris, ‘Tear of the Pine’ Retsina, Thessaloniki 14 56 18 Kechris, ‘Kechribari’ Retsina, Thessaloniki, 500ml 12 Sparkling 12 Glinavos ‘Zitsa Brut,’ Zitsa, Epirus 16 64 17 Kir-Yianni Rosé ‘Akakies,’ Amyndaio 13 52 Wh i t e 17 Moschofilero, Troupis ‘Fteri,’ Arkadia 11 44 18 Assyrtiko, Gai’a ‘Thalassitis,’ Santorini 16 64 17 Malvasia, Douloufakis ‘Femina,’ Crete 13 52 17 Assyrtiko / Malagouzia, Domaine Nerantzi 16 64 ‘Pentapolis,’ Serres, Macedonia Orange 18 Sauvignon Blanc, Oenogenisis ‘Mataroa,’ Drama 14 56 Rosé 17 Sideritis, Ktima Parparoussis ‘Petit Fleur,’ Achaia, Peloponnese 13 52 Red 17 Xinomavro, Thymiopoulos ‘Young Vines,’ Naoussa 13 52 17 Mavrodaphne, Sklavos ‘Orgion,’ Kefalonia 16 64 16 Agiorgitiko, Tselepos, Nemea, Peloponnese 13 52 16 Limniona, Domaine Zafeirakis, Tyrnavos, Thessaly 16 64 16 Tsapournakos, Voyatzi, Velvento, Macedonia 16 64 Carafe white/red καράφα Please ask your server! 32 u u u u u u WINES BY THE BOTtLE SPARKLING αφρώδες κρασί orange πορτοκαλί κρασί 17 Domaine Spiropoulos ‘Ode Panos’ Brut, Mantinia, Peloponnese 58 17 Roditis / Moschatela / Vostylidi / Muscat, Sclavos ‘Alchymiste,’ Kefalonia 38 Stone fruits and fl owers. Nectar of the gods. Dip your toes in the orange wine pool with this staff fave. Aromatic and affable. 13 Tselepos ‘Amalia’ Brut, Nemea, Peloponnese 90 18 Savatiano, Georgas Family, Spata 48 Rustic and earthy, from the hottest, driest region in Greece. Sort of miracle wine. Better than Veuve. (For real, though.) NV Tselepos ‘Amalia’ Brut Roze, Nemea, Peloponnese 60 NV Aspro Potamisi / Rosaki, Kathalas ‘Un Été Grec’, Tinos 120 The new cult classic. -
Greek-Australian Alliance 1899
GREEK-AUSTRALIAN ALLIANCE 1899 - 2016 100th Anniversary Macedonian Front 75th Anniversary Battles of Greece and Crete COURAGE SACRIFICE MATESHIP PHILOTIMO 1899 -1902 – Greek Australians Frank Manusu (above), Constantine Alexander, Thomas Haraknoss, Elias Lukas and George Challis served with the colonial forces in the South African Boer War. 1912 - 1913 – Australian volunteers served in the Royal Hellenic Forces in the Balkans Wars. At the outbreak of the Second Balkan War in 1913, John Thomas Woods of the St John Ambulance volunteered for service with the Red Cross, assisting the Greek Medical Corps at Thessaloniki, a service for which he was recognised with a Greek medal by King Constantine of Greece. 1914 - 1918 – Approximately 90 Greek Australians served on Gallipoli and the Western Front. Some were born in Athens, Crete, Castellorizo, Kythera, Ithaca, Peloponnesus, Samos, and Cephalonia, Lefkada and Cyprus and others in Australia. They were joined by Greek Australian nurses, including Cleopatra Johnson (Ioanou), daughter of Antoni Ioanou, gold miner of Moonan Brook, NSW. One of 13 Greek Australian Gallipoli veterans, George Cretan (Bikouvarakis) was born in Kefalas, Crete in 1888 and migrated to Sydney in 1912. On the left in Crete, 1910 and middle in Sydney 1918 wearing his Gallipoli Campaign medals. Right, Greek Australian Western Front veteran Joseph Morris (Sifis Voyiatzis) of Cretan heritage. PAGE 2 1915, 4th March – The first Anzacs landed on Lemnos Island, in Moudros Harbour and were part of the largest armada ever assembled at that time. The island served as the main base of operations for the Gallipoli Campaign, including hospitals. In the waters around Lemnos and the island’s soil now rest over 220 Anzacs. -
An Overview of the Greek Islands' Autonomous Electrical Systems
Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2019, 10, 55-82 http://www.scirp.org/journal/sgre ISSN Online: 2151-4844 ISSN Print: 2151-481X An Overview of the Greek Islands’ Autonomous Electrical Systems: Proposals for a Sustainable Energy Future Nikolas M. Katsoulakos Metsovion Interdisciplinary Research Center, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece How to cite this paper: Katsoulakos, N.M. Abstract (2019) An Overview of the Greek Islands’ Autonomous Electrical Systems: Proposals Among the Greek islands, 61 are based—currently—on autonomous electric- for a Sustainable Energy Future. Smart al systems for covering the electrical energy demand and are characterized as Grid and Renewable Energy, 10, 55-82. Non-Interconnected Islands (NII). The average electricity production cost in https://doi.org/10.4236/sgre.2019.104005 the NII is 2.5 times higher than in areas with access to the main, intercon- Received: March 7, 2019 nected electricity grid (IEG) of Greece. In this paper, an analytic overview of Accepted: April 14, 2019 the autonomous electricity systems of Greek islands is provided, focusing on Published: April 17, 2019 electricity consumption and production, as well as on the relative costs. For Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and investigating possibilities for improving the situation, especially in small, re- Scientific Research Publishing Inc. mote islands, simulations for the energy system of Astypalea are conducted. It This work is licensed under the Creative is proved that further use of renewables in combination with energy storage Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). can lower the current, high energy costs. Expansion of the IEG is not eco- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ nomically viable for islands which are far away from the mainland and their Open Access peak loads are less than 10 ΜW. -
The Genoese in Chios, I346-1566
418 July Downloaded from The Genoese in Chios, i346-1566 F the Latin states which existed in Greek lands between the Latin conquest of Constantinople in 1204 and the fall of O http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ the Venetian republic in 1797, there were four principal forms. Those states were either independent kingdoms, such as Cyprus ; feudal principalities, of which that of Achaia is the best example ; military outposts, like Rhodes ; or colonies directly governed by the mother-country, of which Crete was the most conspicuous. But the Genoese administration of Chios differed from all the other Latin creations in the Levant. It was what we should call in modern parlance a Chartered Company, which on a smaller at Memorial University of Newfoundland on April 4, 2015 scale anticipated the career of the East India and the British South Africa Companies in our own history. The origins of the Latin colonization of Greece are usually to be found in places and circumstances where we should least expect to find them. The incident which led to this Genoese occupation of the most fertile island of the Aegean is to be sought in the history of the smallest of European principalities—that of Monaco, which in the first half of the fourteenth century already belonged to the noble Genoese family of Grimaldi, which still reigns over it. At that time the rock of Monaco and the picturesque village of Roquebrune (between Monte Carlo and Mentone) sheltered a number of Genoese nobles, fugitives from their native city, where one of those revolutions common in the medieval republics of Italy had placed the popular party in power. -
An Investigation Into the Exchange of Artistic Motifs Between the Aegean, Egypt, and the Near East In
THE AEGEAN AND THE EAST An Investigation into the Exchange of Artistic Motifs - between the Aegean, Egypt, and the Near East in the Bronze Age by J.L. CROWLEY B.A.(Hons.) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA HOBART 1977 THE AEGEAN AND THE EAST VOLUME I TEXT VOLUME II PLATES This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university nor does it include any copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by another person except when due reference is made in the text. Signed: Date: THE AEGEAN AND THE EAST TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I TEXT VOLUME II PLATES THE AEGEAN AND THE EAST VOLUME I TEXT Content6 Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (1) LIBRARY ABSTRACT - Summary of the Thesis (ii) ABBREVIATIONS (iv) Intnoduction 1. INTRODUCTION AND CHRONOLOGY 1 Pala I The Moti64 2. MOTIFS COMMON TO THE AEGEAN AND THE EAST Heraldic Poses 15 Antithetical Group 23 Mirror Reverse 27 Contest Scenes, Struggling Hero, and Master of Animals 30 Mistress of Animals 35 Sphinx 41 Griffin 47 Dragons and Crocodiles 55 Thoueris and the Minoan Genius 59 Sacred Tree, Sacred Pillar 65 Palm, Palmette 72 Papyrus, Lotus 76 Rosette 83 Quatrefoil 89 Scale Pattern 92 Guilloche, Linked Circles, Quirk 95 Spiral 100 Flying Gallop 107 Page 3. OTHER MOTIFS IN EASTERN OR AEGEAN ART Smiting Figure, Pharaoh and Weather God 113 Star Disk in Crescent 116 Winged Sun Disk 119 Scale Mountain 120 Duel 121 ' Bull Sports 124 Fish, Dolphin, Octopus, Nautilus 126 Tricurved Arch 128 Rocky Landscape, Glen 129 Marbling, Colour Waves 130 4. -
Cleruchy"Money
SOME ATHENIAN "CLERUCHY"MONEY In the Tresor des mlionnaiesd'Athenes Jean Svoronos has assembled on plate 25 a heterogeneous collection of bronze coins under the description " Monnaies des clerouques atheniens, 255 a 229." 1 The fifty pieces are arranged in nine distinct series and distributed among five supposed cleruchies: Methana, Aegina, Eleusis, Skiathos, and Peparethos.2 Although it is my belief that all of these bronzes are incorrectly attributed, it is planned in the confines of the present paper to discuss only 1 Grateful acknowledgment is made to Professor and Mrs. T. Leslie Shear, to Professor Oscar Broneer, and to Mr. W. K. Pritchett for their kindness in reading the manuscript in whole or in part and for their helpful suggestions regarding it. To Professor Earle Caley I am indebted for the three new analyses referred to in Appendix I, and to Miss Gladys Davidson for permission to reproduce on Plate I a coin from her collection. Members of the Agora staff have been most kind in furnishing topographical data. 2 Methana 1-4. Ob. Head of Zeus r. laureate, border of dots. Re. A 0 E Athena standing r., holding a patera and an owl; border of dots. 5-10. Ob. Head of Artemis r., border of clots. Re. Same as above. A egina 11-12. Ob. Head of Artemis r., border of dots. Re. A (0 E Artemis clad in short chiton advancing r. with a torch in both hands, all in wreath. Eleusis ? 13-14. Ob. Head of Athena r. in crested Corinthian helmet, border of dots. -
Terrestrial Herpetofauna of Limnos and Agios Efstratios (Northern Aegean, Greece)
Herpetology Notes, volume 9: 237-248 (2016) (published online on 25 October 2016) Terrestrial herpetofauna of Limnos and Agios Efstratios (Northern Aegean, Greece), including new species records for Malpolon insignitus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827) and Pelobates syriacus Boettger, 1889 Ilias Strachinis1,* and Stephanos A. Roussos2 Abstract. We present herpetofaunal observations from Limnos and Agios Efstratios, two Asia Minor continental shelf islands in the Aegean Sea. Comprehensive surveys over 88 days in total on Limnos, over a period of nine years, consisted mainly of visual encounter surveys and road cruised observations, revealed the presence of three species of amphibians and twelve species of reptiles, including two new species records for the island (Malpolon insignitus and Pelobates syriacus). Thorough transect type surveys over four consecutive days on Agios Efstratios revealed the presence of six species of reptiles, yet no amphibians. Terrapin (Emys orbicularis) populations on Limnos seem to have either gone extinct or declined in numbers over the last few years due to wetland habitat alteration by heavy machinery, which is the likely cause of mortality and displacement. This is a serious conservation concern and an indicator of declining wetland habitat health. The results of these surveys provide a clearer understanding of the extant herpetofauna on Limnos and Agios Efstratios and offer discussion on natural history, possible erroneous historical records and preliminary ecological understanding of the herpetofaunal assemblages residing on these islands. Keywords: Herpetological survey, reptiles, amphibians, new record, Greek islands, Aegean, Limnos, species list, Prefecture of Lesvos Introduction than now, the two islands, together with Goekceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos), were connected Limnos and Agios Efstratios are two Greek islands to Asia Minor (Perissoratis and Conispoliatis, 2003). -
Lefka Krasia (White Wines) Bottle Cephalonia Crete Epirus Lemnos
Lefka Krasia (white wines) Bottle Cephalonia Sarris Robola PDO ’18- 1/3 foot stomped, skin macerated for 3 days, spontaneously fermented, notes of salty water, lemon and peach 44 (organic) Sarris Vostilidi PGI ’17- fermented in Austrian barrels, matured for 9 months in barrels, notes of fried shrimp and seaweed, angular mouthfeel 48 (organic) Sclavus Alchemiste PGI ’17- Vostilidi/Moschatela/Muscat/Tsaousi- floral nose with lemon and nuts on the palate, finishes with baked apple and herbs 34 (biodynamic) Sclavus Tsaoussi PGI ’17- Ungrafted & biodynamically farmed old vines (60+ years) strong acidity, pulpy fruit, & flavors of yellow apple & pear 46 (biodynamic) Crete Douloufakis Alargo PGI ’18- Assyrtiko- aged 1 year in bottle, fresh citrus and toasted nuts aromas, minerality, high acidity balances with a full body 54 (organic) Douloufakis Aspros Lagos PGI ’17- Vidiano- new and used oak for 5 months, notes of white flowers and apricot, minerality, long apricot finish 68 (organic) Domaine Economou Assyrtiko PGI ’13- rounder and richer than Santorini Assyrtiko’s, notes of lemon, honey and white nuts, well-structured 84 (organic) Domaine Economou Sitia White PDO ’13- Vilana/Thrapsathiri- salinity, raw and powerful palate, apricot and mint, a spectacular Greek winery 84 (organic) Epirus Domaine Glinavos Paleokerisio PGI ’17- Debina/Vlahiko- semi-sparkling and semi-dry orange wine, apple and butter notes, refreshing bubbles 30 (500ml & orange) Domaine Glinavos Zitsa Brut PDO ’12- Debina- Champagne method of production, 18 months on lees, creamy texture, almonds & lemon blossoms 54 (sparkling) Lemnos Garalis Retsina PGI ‘NV- Muscat of Alexandria- tropical and herbaceous with a palate full of pine resin 22 (500ml & organic) Macedonia Alpha Estate Ecosystem Assyrtiko ’15- 16 hours skin contact, 4 months sur lies, citrus, flower, white stone fruits, excellent structure, long finish 68 Alpha Estate Ecosystem Sauv. -
Week 7: the Persians Wars
Week 7: The Persians Wars Lecture 12, Marathon, Key Words Aryans Media Babylonia Lydia Persia Cyrus Achaemenid Armenia Syria Cappadocia Croesus Cambyses Egypt India Sudan Persian Gulf Darius Samos Polycrates Scythia Macedon Miltiades Danube Earth and Water Boeotia Chalcis Corinth Demaratus Cleruchs Aegina Ionian Rebellion Aristagoras Miletus Naxos Sardis Eretria Lade Hipparchus archon 496/5 Phrynichus Chersonnesus Piraeus Themistocles 1 Mardonias Thrace Mt. Athos Rapprochement Datis Artaphernes Delos Carystus Pheidippides Pan Carneia Arête Beach head Cavalry Archers Plataeans Herakleion Marshes Charadra Soros Cynosura Phaleron Dromoi Grundy Stoa Poikile Aeschylus Hastings Spanish Armada Neville Chamberlain Bertrand Russell Churchill Marlborough Holocaust Sophocles Euripides Aristophanes Socrates Plato Aristotle Phidias Parthenon Pericles Scientific Revolution Western Civilization Marathonomachoi 2 Chronological Table for Persian History and the Persian Wars 2000-1000 Indo-Iranians migrate from the Eurasian plains of south Russia, across the Caucasus Mountains and into upper-Mesopotamia; others move east of the Caspian Sea and into the Indus river valley (founders of the Aryan Sanskrit civilization). 1150-1000 Phrygians migrate from the Balkans into central Anatolia; spread of iron technology: early Iron Age (1150-550). 950 Phrygian kings establish capital at Gordium and unite Anatolian plateau. 900-612 Assyria dominates the Near East. 844 Assyrian records refer to the Iranian tribes, the Persians. 836 Assyrian records mention the Medes. 705-690 Phrygian power shattered by Cimmerians (Iranian or Thracian nomads, who swept over Asia Minor and Syria at the end of the 8th /early 7th century); Lydia becomes independent of Phrygia. 700-675 Medes coalesce into a united kingdom under the initiative of the Mede Deioces (Hdt. -
The Emergence of Central Authority in the Aegean
The emergence of central authority in the Aegean CHRISTOS DOUMAS The Aegean region is characterized by a wide environmental variation. From the mountain peaks, which often reach heights over 3000 metres, down to the river valleys and plains, temperatures range between -30ºC in winter and +45ºC in summer. This variety in landscapes and temperatures creates several micro-environments favouring varied subsistence economies. Moreover, the coastal areas and the islands enjoy much milder climatic conditions. Despite this variety, three major geographical zones can be distinguished each of which exhibits roughly homogenous environmental conditions: (1) the island zone, (2) the coastal zone and (3) the hinterland zone. From the end of the Neolithic onwards, three cultural zones can be observed coinciding with the geographical ones as a result of their environmental potential. The island zone is characterized by the limited potential for the development of agriculture. The islanders, therefore, right from the beginning had to combine frugality with inventiveness for their survival on their rocks. They invented ways and techniques of exploiting the potential of the raw materials of the islands and developed the means of sea transportation. These required an early craft specialization which is observed in extracting and working hard stones and metals, in ship-building and in seafaring. Thus, in the islands the economy was mainly based on trade and shipping which favoured the development of contacts with the outside world. The coastal zone, between the other two zones, was in direct contact with both of them and shared their cultural features. Its economy was mainly based on agriculture and acted as the peraia, the Lebensraum, for the nearby islands. -
1. Ameen M. Ahmed, Byzantine Influences of the Ottoman Architecture of Greece: the Case of the Mosques at Nafpaktos 23 Ameen M
1. Ameen M. Ahmed, Byzantine Influences of the Ottoman Architecture of Greece: the case of the Mosques at Nafpaktos 23 Ameen M. Ahmed, Bu^avxwec; em5pdoeic; oxqv OOwuaviKq ApxixeiaoviKq xqq EAAd5aq: q nepinxcooq xcov x^auicov xqc; NaunaKxou 46 2. ApßavCxq I. Euapdyöq, O uexaßuc^avxivdc; vadc; TOU Ayiou Fewpyiou orov Ayio Icodvvq Kuvoupiaq: auvonxiKq napouoiaoq xou uvqueiou mi xou 8iKovoypaq)iKov5 xou npoypduuaxoq 47 Arvaniti I. Smaragdi, The Post-Byzantine Church of Saint George at the Village of Saint John, Arcadia, Peloponnese; Preliminary Presentation of the Monument and its Iconographical Program 85 3. Bdoaq 'OAya, O Seuxepoq Kxqxopaq xqc; Flavayiac; Kpqvaq oxq Xio: napaxqpqaeiq ue acpopuq uia avaoKaq>iKq epeuva 87 Vassi Olga, The Second Donor ("Ktetor") of Panaghia Krena, Chios 106 4. Bacpeidöqq M. Kwvoxavxivoq, O ^ooypdcpoq T^copx^qq Kai oi xou veou KaBoAiKou xou MeydAou Mexeopou (1552) 107 Vaphiadis M. Konstantinos, Le peintre Zorzis et la decoration murale du nouveau Katholikon au monastere du Grand Meteore (1552) 127 5. Auxuavxq FI. KaAAidnq, H napdaxaoq xou Scopqxq oxo vad xou Zcoxqpa oxq FapSevixoa xqq Meoa Mdvqq 129 Diamanti P. Kalliopi, La representation du donateur dans l'eglise du Sauveur a Gardenitsa en Magni occidental 140 6. EniTpondKqq I. Flepiavopoq, Movo^copec; KauapooKenaoxeq ßaaiAiKeq ue npoe^exov xctuqAd eyKdpoio KAixoq: iSidppuBuoi «oxaupenioxeyoi» xqc; npcoiuqq EvexoKpaxiaq oxqv Kpqxq 141 19 Epitropakis I. Periandros, Aisleless Cross Shaped Vaulted Basilicas with Lower Roofed Transept. An Unusual Early Venetian Architectural Type of Churches in the Island of Crete 152 7. ©eoxctpoTTOÜ/Unj Eipiivn, '0 ToixoypoicpiKOs 5io.Koan.os TOX) vaou TOO 'Ayiov Twdvvn npoöpö^iou oinv 'ETUGKOTOI, IleSi,d8as 153 Theocharopoulou Irene, Les peintures murales de l'eglise de Saint-Jean le Precurseur a Episkopi de la province Pediada, a Heraklion, Crete 184 8.