Pakistan and China: H.E

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H.E. Mr. Emomali Rahmon H.E. Mr. Imran Khan President of Tajikistan Prime Minister of Pakistan

Tajikistan is a vital country for regional President Dr. Arif Alvi conferring the award of connectivity Hilal-e-Pakistan upon President UN National Assembly

H.E. Mr. Nong Rong Ambassador of China to Pakistan Exclusive Interview of Pakistan and China: H.E. Andreas Ferrarese on the National Day 70 Years of Friendship of Republic of Italy

June 2021 Volume 12 Issue 06 “Publishing from Pakistan, United Kingdom/EU & will be soon from UAE ”

10 22 45 68 76

President Dr Arif Alvi has said that Pakistan attaches great importance to its relations with Tajik- 10 Visit of the President of Republic of Tajikistan to istan based on strong historic, religious and cultural links. He stated that Pakistan and Tajikistan had considerable scope of cooperation in the areas of trade, economy, culture, education and Pakistan defence which needed to be further strengthened.

22 President Dr Arif Alvi on Tuesday stressed greater trade and connectivity among the countries of Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) to attain the goals of cohesive regional TRADE, CONNECTIVITY AMONG ECO STATES development an d prosperity. Addressing here at the inaugural session of Second Conference PIVOTAL FOR REGIONAL PROSPERITY: PRESIDENT of Parliamentary Assembly of the Economic Cooperation Organization (PAECO) countries, the president said economic integration among regional states could act as an effective driver to foster sustainable peace and security. The conference gathered speakers and representatives of the national parliaments of Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

Honorable Mr. President, 45 Letter of President Xi Jinping to President On the occasion of the 70” anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the People‘s Republic of China and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, on behalf of the Govern- Arif Alvi on the 70th years of Establishment of ment and people of China, and in my own name, I would like to extend warm congratulations Diplomatic Relation between and best wishes to Your Excellency, and through you to the Government and people of Pakistan. China and Pakistan are all-weather strategic cooperative partners that stand firmly by each China and Pakistan other on issues of core interests and major concerns.

Today is the 2nd June, and Italians all over the world are celebrating “Festa Della Repubblica”. On this day, back in 1946, a referendum was held in Italy 68 H.E. Andreas Ferrarese where Italian people were asked to choose between monarchy or republic for their state. 54.3% Ambassador of Republic of Italy sends his of the voters opted for republic and thus Italy became a republic on the second of June 1946. Every year we celebrate this day as the republic day or our national day. Following the covid-19 greetings on the National Day. Sops, we are not able to celebrate national day this year with our friends as we used to do, but we very much look forward to return to normalcy after vaccination completes.

Pakistanis are similar to Italians in many ways. We both have a long history and share many traditional values, deeply rooted in our cultures such as importance of family life, respect for 76 Pakistan and Italy have enjoyed long-standing foreigners and hospitality as well as resourcefulness and appreciation for private initiative excellent relations entrepreneurship

04 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org RBI Mediaminds Contents Group of Publications Electronic & Print Media Production House 10 Visit of the President of Republic of Tajikistan to Pakistan 14 President of the United Nations General Assembly visited Pakistan 17 Pakistan reveres its ever green friendship with China: Speaker National Assembaly Group Chairman/CEO: Mian Fazal Elahi 18 Letter of President, Dr. Arif Alvi to His Excellency Mr. Mahmoud Abbas, President, State of Chief Editor Hon: Mian Akhtar Hussain Palestine Editor/Publisher: Mian Fazal Elahi 19 Prime Minister’s Statement Nikkei’s 26th Conference on “Future of Asia” Executive Editor: M Bilal Zafar 20 Statement by the Foreign Minister of Pakistan: Meeting of the UN General Assembly on Group Editor: Saeed Yousafzai Palestine Associate Honorary Editor: Zanib Arshad 22 TRADE, CONNECTIVITY AMONG ECO STATES PIVOTAL FOR REGIONAL PROSPERITY: Director Marketing: Mian Furqan Akhtar Editor in Chief UK/EU Edition: Mian Assadullah PRESIDENT Justin Plaza 3, 341London Road, Mit 24 President Dr. Arif Alvi was visited by Speaker of Grand National Assembly of Turkey cham, Surrey-CR4 4BE 25 Pakistan and Turkey agree to strengthen Inter-parliamentary relations through enhanced Editor Germany, EU Edition: Mian Mubeen Akhtar cooperation Office Manager: Rana Bilal Ahmed 26 Bilateral Meeting between Foreign Minister of Pakistan & Turkey on Israeli aggression against Creative Art Director: M.Shahbaz Nawaz, RN Scanner the Palestinians Art Director: Sharyar Fazil Designer: Ali Haider 28 Resolution Adopted by OIC Executive Committee at the Level of Foreign Ministers Web Developer: Muhammad Wajahat 30 Pakistani FM meets Iraqi leaders in Baghdad to boost bilateral ties Chief Photographer: Ramzan Mughal 34 The embassy of the Republic of Iraq in Islamabad organizes a stand of solidarity with the Palestinian people and the Palestinian cause Copenhagen Denmark Fazal Hussain 004540521485 35 Groundbreaking Ceremony of Technology Park,Islamabad Email: [email protected] 36 Israel is waging a war on truth in Gaza Javed Iqbal Butt Bureau Chief Australia, Newzealand 40 Message of H.E. Mr.Ali Alizada, Ambassador of Azerbaijan on the occasion of the National Day Board of Advisors of Azerbaijan 42 Pakistan desires good relations with all its neighbors and willing to reciprocate any peace General (R) Talat Masood, Ambassador (R) Tassaduq Hussain, Ambassador overture (R) Arif Mehmmod, Mr. Kanwar Muhammad Tariq, Ambassador(R), 43 AMBASSADORS OF AZERBAIJAN AND NEPAL CALL ON THE MINISTER FOR ECONOMIC Mr. Tariq Hyder, Ambassador(R) Fozia Nasreen, Ambassador(R) Javed Hassan, AFFAIRS TO DISCUSS THE ECONOMIC RELATIONS Maria Sultan, Kanwar Muhammad Dilshad (EX-Federal Secretary)Chaudhry Faisal Mushtaq (Thagma-e-Imtiaz), Dr. Mirza ikhtiar Baig (Thagma-e-Imtiaz), 44 WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY 2021 Shoukat Paracha, Malik Yousaf Ali, Ex-Ambassador, Mian Anwar-Ul-Haq Ramay, 45 Letter of President Xi Jinping to President Arif Alvi on the 70th years of Establishment of Ex-Parliamentarian, Ilyas Ahmed Chaudhry, CR Shamsi, Fozia Shahid, Mateen Haider, Diplomatic Relation between China and Pakistan Captian (R) Wasif, Mian Mahmood Hon: Council General Republic of Moldova 46 Letter of President Arif Alvi to President Xi Jinping on the 70th years of establishment of diplomatic relation between Pakistan and China Bureau Office 48 Remarks at the Reception in Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of the Establishment of Qaisar Masood Muhammad Athar Northern Virginia Georgia Diplomatic Relations By Ambassador Nong Rong Israr Masood M. Jamil Rathore 50 H.E. Mr. Nong Rong Ambassador of People’s Republic of China to Pakistan Sydney Australia Bureau Chief Jeddah KSA 54 Special Feature Report by Mian Fazal Elahi on the occasion of Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Rana Salman Shahid Cell: +966-502583608 Pakistan-China Diplomatic Relations Vehari 55 Promoting High-Quality Development of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor Mr. Muhammad Muzzammilullah Maan 56 China-Pakistan: A journey of friendship (1950-2020) Brussels (Belgium)

58 Wang Yi Attends the Launch Ceremony in Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of China-Pakistan Printer Diplomatic Relations Roohani Art Press, Street no. 1, Service Road Muhammadi Town, Sohan 60 Pakistan and China: 70 Years of Friendship near Express High Way, Islamabad. 62 A strong and visionary man behind Pakistan-China friendship 70thYears 63 70th of friendship, & counting Publisher 64 SEVENTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMTIC RELATIONS BETWEEN Mian Fazal Elahi, House No 263-C, Street 87, Sector E-11/2 Islamabad. PAKISTAN AND CHINA Tel: +92-51-2163092, 2163070 65 Reminiscences of China Mobile: +92-345-5565552, +92-322-5565552 67 CHINESE AMBASSADOR CALLS ON FARRUKH HABIB, MINISTER OF STATE FOR Email: [email protected], [email protected] INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING www.diplomaticfocus.org 69 National Day of Italy celebrated in Islamabad 70 One of my goals is to enhance Italian cultural presence in Pakistan through various mediums: Karachi Office: Mobile: +92-331-5155515 H.E. MrAndreas Ferrarese 76 Pakistan and Italy have enjoyed longstanding excellent relations Price 80 People, Planet, Prosperity: The Italian G20 Finance track Pakistan Rs.1000 Middle East 50 Saudi Riyal UK £ 8 Schengen State €10 82 Italian cuisines Chinese Yuan: 75 Canada: $15 83 ITALY around the WORLD USA: $12 84 REASONS to STUDY ABROAD in ITALY 86 A cultural Grand Tour through the most evocative places in northern and central Italy Published from Islamabad 87 Italy’s best art cities to explore www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 05 06 February 2021 March 2021 April 2021 May 2021 Diplomatic Focus Email: [email protected],[email protected] Ipswich Road,SW179RH,London.Cellnumber:+44-7961005954/ 2087694850, officials of UK, please contact with Mr. Mian Assad Ullah on His mailing address, 4 advertisements etc).Itisrequested high toallDiplomaticmissionsandgovernment and canbecontactedforallkindsofstuff includingarticles,supplements and events, nationaldays,socialevenings/gatherings, press conferences/interviews Edition. Heisentitledtoparticipateofficial /non-officials diplomatic(engagements, been appointedasEditorInChiefoftheMonthly “DiplomaticFocus”fortheUK/EU It hasbeenannouncedforthegeneralinformationthatMr. MianAssadUllahhas June 2021 Important Announcement Our previous Issues these writings maythese not necessarily match of Editor/Publisher/Organization. views the the The columns,articles, Opinions are published in faith.Magazine in good However,the contents of crimes andapartheid, anddelivering onemoral defeat after another to theIsraeli regime. Israeli the to eyes their opening world, the around people of minds and hearts the capturing are They contagious. is energy their and courage radiate Palestine historic of all and city this of youth The heart. its at Jerusalem with thriving, and well alive, is movement national Palestinian Despite the continuing Israeli repression of the Palestinian protests and activism, the spirit of the to enter Al-Aqsa, inamove ofshowing Israeli dominanceover the Muslim holysite. while arresting youth who protested. Their aim was to clear the way for extremist Jewish activists Israeli forces stormed the premises of the mosque again, attacking worshippers, forcing many out in Gaza, factions Palestinian the with ceasefire a announcing after days three than either.Less not cease did place, first the in escalation the triggered which Mosque, Al-Aqsa on raids The targeting Palestinians intheoccupied territories. lynch mobs which attacked Palestinian citizens of Israel, nor by Israel’s increasingly violent policies Israeli the by nor Gaza, in civilians of bombing barbaric the by deterred not were Palestinians lifted the Palestinian joiningan flag, historic general strike against Israeli colonialism. and businesses their closed Palestine historic across Palestinians 18, May On violence. colonial and persecution political apartheid, occupation, Israeli the resisting in united stands again once decades. With Jerusalem at the centre of this resurgent national spirit, the Palestinian movement two past the in been ever have we hopeful and optimistic most the Today,are movement. we national Palestinian the for dawn new a witnessing are We it. suppress to campaign violent a launched who authorities, Israeli the angered Jerusalem in activism Palestinian of success The

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The World should take benefit of business-friendly environment by investing in different sectors of economy in Pakistan: President Alvi

By Mian Fazal Elahi bassador-designate of Bulgaria to Pa- portunities and the world should take kistan Ms. Irena Genadieva Gancheva, benefit of business-friendly environ- resident Dr Arif Alvi has called for and Ambassador-designate of Argenti- ment by investing in different sectors increasing cooperation with all na to Pakistan Mr. Leopoldo Francisco of economy. friendly countries in the areas of P Sahores presented their credentials to He underscored that Pakistan’s main trade, economy, culture and defence. President Dr Arif Alvi at a ceremony. emphasis had shifted from geo-politi- He emphasized the need for enhanced Congratulating the newly-appointed cal to geo- economics and was focus- engagements with the friendly coun- Ambassadors, the President expressed sing on improving regional connectivi- tries at political, economic and cultural the hope that they would play their ty and economic integration. levels to further expand cooperation role in further strengthening political, The President also highlighted the bru- with them for the mutual benefits. commercial and cultural relations with talities committed by Indian security The President made these remarks Pakistan. forces against innocent people of Indi- while talking to the Residents Ambas- While talking to the envoys separate- an Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kash- sadors-designates of Republic of Uz- ly, President Dr Arif Alvi said that Paki- mir (IIOJK). bekistan, Republic of Cuba, Socialist stan wanted to work closely with the He urged the international community Republic of Vietnam, Republic of Bul- friendly countries to address various to play active role to stop India from garia and Argentina, who made sep- challenges being faced by the world. committing human rights violations arate calls on him, at Aiwan-e-Sadr. He briefed the envoys about the suc- and grant the right of self-determina- Earlier, the Ambassador-designate of cessful economic policies of the gov- tion to the people of IIOJK in accor- Uzbekistan to Pakistan Mr. Oybek Uz- ernment, saying that Pakistan’s econ- dance with the UN Security Council manov, Ambassador-designate of Cuba omy is performing well despite the Resolutions. to Pakistan Mr. Javier Caro González, Covid-19 Pandemic. *** Ambassador-designate of Vietnam to The President apprised the envoys Pakistan Mr. Nguyen Tien Phong, Am- that Pakistan offered investment op-

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 07

Visit of the President of Republic of Tajikistan to Pakistan

By Mian Fazal Elahi

resident Dr Arif Alvi has said that Pakistan attaches great importance to its relations Pwith Tajikistan based on strong historic, religious and cultural links. He stated that Pa- kistan and Tajikistan had considerable scope of cooperation in the areas of trade, economy, culture, education and defence which needed to be further strengthened. He made these remarks while talking to the President of Tajiki- stan, Mr Emomali Rahmon, who called on him, at Aiwan-e-Sadr,Talking to the visiting dignitary, the President highlighted Pakistan’s “Vision Central Asia”, which laid strong emphasis on forging deeper links with Central Asian states in trade, investment, energy, security and defence, and people-to-people exchanges. The President underlined that Pakistan’s main emphasis had shifted from geo-politics to geo-economics and was focusing on optimally utilizing its location in this context. He underscored that the trade authorities and business communities of the two countries needed to collaborate effectively to enhance the volume of existing bilateral trade. He also emphasised the importance of the early completion of flagship CASA-1000 Transmission Line Project. The President stressed that Central Asia was

10 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org an area of special focus for Pakistan, especially for regional connectivity and integration. In this context, the President stressed the importance of peace and stability in Afghanistan achieved through a negotiated political solution. The President also briefed the Tajik President about the COVID-19 situation in Pakistan, saying that the successful policy of the Government led to containing the disease. The President expressed the hope that this visit would further strengthen the excellent bilateral relations between the two brotherly countries. He added that it was heartening that both sides adopted a Joint Declaration and had signed a number of Agreements/MoUs today, after the delegation-level talks. President Arif Alvi congratulated the Tajik President on successfully organizing the 9th Ministerial Conference of Heart of Asia-Istanbul Process in Dushanbe in March 2021. He also appreciated that a high level parliamentary delegation from Tajikistan was participating in the 2nd General Confer- ence of the Parliamentary Assembly of Eco- nomic Cooperation Organization in Islamabad from 31 May to 03 June 2021. The President of Tajikistan said that both countries had huge potential for increasing cooperation in the areas of trade, economy and culture. He emphasised the need for improving connectivity between the two countries which would greatly help to improve economic relations between the two countries. Both sides reaffirmed the resolve to make coordinated efforts to promote peace and stability in Afghanistan as a stable and peaceful Afghanistan was essential for the materialization of energy and economic projects between the two countries. The Pres-

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 11 ident of Tajikistan thanked the government of distribution of vaccine to all countries in coor- sion on Trade, Economic and Scientific-Techni- Pakistan for extending a warm welcome and dination with the World Health Organization cal Cooperation to further strengthen bilateral hospitality to him and the members of his dele- (WHO). Recalling the signing of two Joint Decla- trade and economic ties. They emphasized the gation. He also invited his Pakistani counterpart rations entitled (i) Joint Declaration on “Road to need for full implementation and regular fol- to visit Tajikistan. Strategic Partnership for Regional Solidarity”; low-up to its decisions. It was agreed to hold On the invitation of Prime Minister of Pakistan and (ii) Joint Declaration on “Strengthening the the next session of the Inter-Governmental H.E. Imran Khan, President of the Republic of Road to Strategic Partnership for Regional In- Commission later this year. Tajikistan, H.E Emomali Rahmon paid an official tegration”, adopted at leadership level in 2017 The two leaders noted with satisfaction the ac- visit to Pakistan on 2-3 June 2021. His Excellen- and 2018, respectively, the two leaders agreed tivities of multiple Joint Working Groups (JWGs) cy President Rahmon was accompanied by a to initiate steps towards formalizing the stra- constituted to further boost the already grow- high-level delegation.During bilateral meetings, tegic partnership agreement between the two ing bilateral cooperation in various fields, par- the two leaders held in-depth and wide-ranging countries for the peace, progress and prosperi- ticularly trade, investment, transport, energy, discussions covering all aspects of bilateral co- ty at the earliest. culture and tourism. They highlighted the role operation and regional and international issues The two leaders expressed satisfaction at the of the Joint Business Council (JBC) constituted of mutual interest. Both leaders reaffirmed the existing inter-parliamentary cooperation and between the two countries in building direct fraternal ties existing between the two coun- agreed to have regular exchanges of parliamen- business linkages and urged to hold its meet- tries marked by shared faith, history, culture tary delegations for further deepening bilateral ings regularly by the Chambers of Commerce and geography. ties. During high-level talks, the two sides ac- and private sectors. They also agreed to orga- While expressing satisfaction at the steadily corded particular focus to bolstering bilater- nize trade exhibitions and business forums on growing relations between Pakistan and Tajiki- al economic and trade ties by exploring new regular basis with a view to boosting bilateral stan, the two leaders expressed their resolve to opportunities and avenues, particularly in the trade. The leaders also recognized the need for elevate bilateral ties to a new level of strategic backdrop of Tajikistan’s National Development creating more investor-friendly environment cooperation for the mutual benefit of the two Strategy (NDS) - 2030 and Pakistan’s develop- in the two countries in particular to encourage countries and peoples. The leaders extended ment priorities shifting from geo-politics to and facilitate joint investments. felicitations to each other on the 30th Anni- geo-economics. The two leaders underscored The two leaders noted with appreciation the versary of the establishment of diplomatic re- the importance of regularly convening the progress achieved in the implementation of the lations between the two brotherly countries. meetings of Pakistan-Tajikistan Joint Commis- flagship power project of CASA-1000 and reiter- Pakistan was among the first countries to recognize independence of the Republic of Tajiki- stan in 1991. The Prime Minister also congratulated the President on assuming the current Chairmanship of the Shanghai Cooperation Or- ganization (SCO) and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). The two leaders expressed satisfaction over the excellent bilateral cooperation at the multilateral fora, including the UN, OIC, ECO and SCO. They reiterated their commitment to further strengthen multilateral cooperation in the future for the global and regional peace and development. The leaders expressed serious concern at the outbreak of third wave of Covid-19 pandemic around the world that has resulted in the loss of many precious lives and caused huge economic losses, especially for developing countries. To effectively combat the pandemic, they emphasized the importance of international solidarity and cooperation as well as joint efforts for affordable and equitable supply and

12 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org ated their resolve to complete the project at the earliest. They agreed that the materialization of the project will establish energy connectivity leading to prosperity for all. They emphasized the need to tap the vast potential that remains unexplored, particularly in the areas of trade, energy, connectivity, agriculture and industry for the mutual benefit. The two leaders emphasized enhanced cooperation in education, culture and tourism through mutual development and joint ventures and highlighted the need to facilitate people-to-people contacts. They underscored the importance of road, rail and air links between the two countries for promotion of bilateral as well as regional connectivity and resolved to improve the- ex isting facilities and explore new options for improving rail, road and air connectivity. The Prime Minister reiterated Pakistan’s support to Tajikistan’s membership in the Quadrilateral Traffic-in-Transit Agreement (QTTA). The Prime Minister informed the President about opera- tionalization of Gwadar Seaport and offered Tajikistan to avail the facility of Pakistani seaports and CPEC. The Prime Minister highlighted that Pakistani seaports offer the most efficient agreed to step-up efforts and adopt joint mea- Technological University of Tajikistan and COM- and economic route to Central Asian countries sures. The Prime Minister recognized the role SATS University Islamabad including Tajikistan. In these regards the Pres- of Tajikistan in the field of Water Diplomacy by vi. Agreement between the Government of the ident of Tajikistan offered to convene Joint hosting international moots in recent years to Republic of Tajikistan and the Government of working group to address issues of transit trade draw the attention of the international com- the Islamic Republic of the Islamic Republic of at earliest and invite Afghanistan to participate munity towards better management of water Pakistan for Cooperation in the field of Preven- in its meeting to boost trade and commerce resources. The two leaders exchanged views tion and Liquidation of Emergency Situations with the view to engage broader region in this on the rise of Islamophobia world-wide and ex- vii. Memorandum of Understanding Between process. The two leaders noted with pleasure pressed support for the joint initiatives and col- Agency for State Financial Control and Struggle the growing bilateral cooperation in the field of lective efforts of the OIC to combat this scourge Against Corruption of the Republic of Tajikistan defence & security and reiterated their resolve including through the designation of 15 March and National Accountability Bureau of the Is- to further boost the same in order to overcome as International Day to combat Islamophobia lamic Republic of Pakistan the common security challenges faced by the by the UN General Assembly. Both leaders had viii. Memorandum of Understanding between two countries and the region as a whole. an in-depth discussion on security situation in Lahore Chamber of Commerce and Industry They emphasized the need to enhance co- Afghanistan and ongoing peace process. The and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of operation in counter-terrorism, combating President appreciated Pakistan’s role in facili- the Republic of Tajikistan cross-border organized crime and human and tating the Afghan peace process. ix. Agreement on Cooperation between the drug trafficking and agreed to hold the next The two sides emphasized on an Afghan-owned Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Re- meeting of Joint Working Group on Countering and Afghan-led resolution of the conflict public of Tajikistan and the Sialkot Chamber of International Terrorism at an early date. The through an inclusive negotiated political settle- Commerce and Industry of the Islamic Republic Tajik side appreciated Pakistan’s immense con- ment. The Prime Minister of Pakistan extended of Pakistan tribution to the global efforts against terrorism. his best wishes for successful organization of x. Agreement on Cooperation between the Both leaders vowed to further deepen mutual the 20th Anniversary of SCO Council of Heads Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Re- cooperation in the common fight against terror- of State meeting scheduled to be held in Du- public of Tajikistan and the Chamber of Com- ism and extremism. The Tajik side appreciated shanbe, Tajikistan on 16-17 September 2021. In merce and Industry Quetta Balochistan of the Pakistan’s continued humanitarian, material order to further deepen and diversify the bilat- Islamic Republic of Pakistan and technical support for Tajikistan’s develop- eral relations, the following legal instruments xi. Academic Cooperation Agreement between ment and progress. The President also appre- were signed: Tajik Technical University named after academi- ciated the excellence and expertise of Pakistani i. Cooperation Programme between Ministries cian M.S. Osimi and Indus University of Pakistan institutions in the field of learning and training of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan and Tajikistan The two leaders appreciated each other about of professionals in various fields. ii. Agreement on International Road Transport the outcomes of the current bilateral visit. They The two leaders exchanged views on regional iii. Agreement between the Government of Is- expressed confidence that the understanding and global issues and urged the internation- lamic Republic of Pakistan and the Government reached during the talks would further deepen al community to play its active role and help of the Republic of Tajikistan in the field of Art cooperation between the two countries. The peacefully resolve all the outstanding disputes and Culture iv. Memorandum of Understanding President of Tajikistan thanked Prime Minister around the world in line with the UN Security between Tajik Institute of Languages, Dushan- Imran Khan for warm and gracious hospitality Council resolutions and the principles of in- be, Tajikistan and National University of Mod- and once again invited him to take part in the ternational law. 22. The two leaders also dis- ern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan Jubilee SCO Summit in Dushanbe and to pay an cussed the adverse effects of climate change, v. Memorandum of Understanding between official visit to Tajikistan. and environmental challenges in the region and www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 13 President of the United Nations General Assembly visited Pakistan

By Mian Fazal Elahi

resident Dr. Arif Alvi received the Presi- dent of the United Nations General As- Psembly (PGA), Mr. Volkan Bozkir. Views were exchanged on a wide range of issues. The President expressed Pakistan’s strong commitment to the central role of the UN in upholding multilateralism to foster peace, prosperity and harmony around the globe. The President also called for the implementation of the UN resolutions that affirmed the inalienable right to self-determination of the peoples of Palestine and Jammu & Kashmir. To mitigate the social and economic impacts of Covid-19 on the developing countries, the President underscored the importance of ensuring universal and equitable access to COVID-19 vaccine. He commended the role of PGA in convening a special meeting of the General Assembly on 21 May 2021 to discuss the situation in Palestine. He underlined the need to promote morality, toler- ance, justice and righteousness in international relations and all platforms of United Nations in order to address contemporary forms of racism such as Islamophobia. PGA Mr. Bozkir briefed the President on the various initiatives undertaken during his Presi- dency of the UN General Assembly to address key international political and socio-economic issues. Later, at a Special Investiture Ceremo- ny, the President conferred the Award of ‘Hi- lal-e-Pakistan’ on Mr. Bozkir. The ceremony was attended by Federal Ministers, senior officials of the Government of Pakistan, and members of Diplomatic Corps. The award was conferred in recognition of Mr. Bozkir’s outstanding services for the promotion of international peace, security and sustainable development, in his capacity as the President of the United Nations General Assembly. Mr. Bozkir is on an official

14 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org visit to Pakistan from 26 to 28 May 2021 on to revive the peace process and ensure a just a former diplomat and a senior politician. He the invitation of Foreign Minister Makhdoom and lasting solution in line with relevant UN res- earlier visited Pakistan in August 2020 and also Shah Mahmood Qureshi. Mr. Bozkir – the first olutions and two-state vision. met the Prime Minister on that occasion. Turkish national to preside over the UN General The Prime Minister underscored Pakistan’s Mr. Volkan Bozkir, the President of the United Assembly – is a former diplomat and a senior strong commitment to multilateralism with Nations General Assembly (PGA), met Foreign politician. the UN playing a central role. He highlighted Minister Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Qureshi. The President of the United Nations Gener- the need for enhanced international coopera- The interaction included a tête-à-tête, followed al Assembly (PGA), Mr. Volkan Bozkir, called tion, under the UN auspices, to address climate by delegation level talks and a Joint Press Stake- on Prime Minister Imran Khan. A wide range change and environmental degradation, as well out. of issues were discussed during the meeting as debt relief to support the developing coun- The Foreign Minister also hosted a lunch in the pertaining to regional and international peace tries’ economic recovery efforts and attainment honour of the visiting dignitary which was at- and security, sustainable development and eco- of Sustainable Development Goals by the target tended by Ministers and members of the Na- nomic recovery efforts in the wake of COVID-19 date of 2030. tional Assembly’s Foreign Affairs Committee. pandemic. Views were exchanged on key items Mr. Bozkir briefed the Prime Minister on the The Foreign Minister discussed a wide range of on the UN agenda such as Palestine, the Jam- various initiatives undertaken during his Presi- political and socio-economic issues on the UN mu and Kashmir dispute, Afghan peace pro- dency of the UN General Assembly to address agenda with the PGA, including the Jammu and cess, and illicit financial flows from proceeds key international political and socio-economic Kashmir dispute, situation in Palestine, Afghan of crime, corruption and bribery. The Prime issues. Mr. Bozkir is on an official visit to Paki- peace process, reform of the UN Security Coun- Minister lauded the role of PGA in convening stan from 26 to 28 May 2021, on the invitation cil, equitable access to COVID-19 Vaccines, and the special meeting of the General Assembly of Foreign Minister Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Financing for Sustainable Development. on Palestine, stressing that following the an- Qureshi. Mr. Bozkir – the first Turkish national The Foreign Minister apprised Mr. Bozkir about nouncement of ceasefire steps should be taken to preside over the UN General Assembly – is the grave human rights and humanitarian sit-

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 15 uation in Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK). The Foreign Minister stressed that India’s systematic efforts to change the demographic structure of the occupied territory were in contravention of international law, including the 4th Geneva Convention. The Foreign Minister called for a just and peaceful solution of Jammu and Kashmir dispute in line with UN Security Council resolutions and the wishes of the Kashmiri people. Condemning the Israeli atrocities in Occupied Palestinian Terri- tories, the Foreign Minister commended the role of Mr. Bozkir in organizing a special meeting of the UN General Assembly last week. He emphasized that the international community must fulfil its responsibility in protecting the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people and take steps to facilitate a just, comprehensive and lasting solution in line with the UN resolutions envisaging the establishment of a viable, independent and contiguous Palestinian state, with pre-1967 borders, and Al-Quds Al-Sharif as and enhance investments in its capital. sustainable infrastructure in Focusing on the importance of the UN reforms, order to meet the sustainable the Foreign Minister underscored the need to development and climate transform the Organization into a more effec- goals. PGA Volkan Bozkir is tive, transparent, democratic, accountable and on an official visit to Pakistan efficient body. Appreciating the role of the PGA from 26 to 28 May 2021. Mr. in that regard, he reiterated Pakistan’s support Bozkir – the first Turkish na- for a comprehensive and consensus-based re- tional to preside over the UN form of the UN Security Council. The Foreign General Assembly – is a for- Minister highlighted Pakistan’s positive contri- mer diplomat and a senior pol- bution in facilitating the Afghan peace process itician. He earlier visited Paki- and reiterated Pakistan’s support for a negotiat- stan in August 2020. The PGA’s ed political settlement for lasting peace and sta- second visit to Islamabad in bility in Afghanistan, through an Afghan-led and less than a year is reflective of Afghan-owned process. Welcoming the PGA’s Pakistan’s support for multilat- initiative of “Vaccine 4 All”, the Foreign Minis- eralism and the central role of ter re-emphasized Pakistan’s call for universal the UN in international affairs. access to affordable vaccines for COVID-19. He It signifies Pakistan’s commit- stressed the importance of removing export ment to promoting the UN’s restrictions on vaccines and essential materials mission of peace and security, for the benefit of humanity. sustainable development, and The Foreign Minister further stressed the need human rights for all. for enhanced international cooperation, under UN auspices, to end illicit financial flows

16 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Pakistan reveres its ever green friendship with China: Speaker National Assembaly

peaker National Assembly Asad field. He also stressed on increasing ect of Rashakai Economic zone and ML Qaiser has said that the early com- parliamentary diplomacy between One project would bring new econom- pletion of CPEC related projects both countries. He also invited Chair- ic opportunities and these would also S man National People Congress of Chi- open new avenues of employment. would bring unprecedented socio-economic progress in the country. He re- na to attend a Seminar to highlight He said that Parliament of Pakistan is marked that incumbent government the benefits of CPEC which would be supervising the progress of all ongoing is resolved to strengthen its ties with organized in Lahore. He said that such projects of CPEC. China on the basis of mutual coopera- seminars would be organized all across tion and progress. He expressed these the country including four provinces, Chinese Ambassador Mr.Nong Rong views while meeting with Chinese Am- AJ&K and GB. remarked that successful completion bassador Nong Rong who called on of CPEC would strengthen already him today in Islamabad. While commenting upon the efficacy strong bound between both nations. Speaker Asad Qaiser also remarked of CPEC, he remarked that CPEC would He also remarked that in the Second that Pak-China Friendship is ever last- ensure socio-economic development Phase of CPEC, the cooperation in the ing and is based on mutual trust and not only of Pakistan but of the whole field of Agriculture, Science and Tech- cooperation in every socio-economic region. He also mentioned that proj- nical areas would be enhanced.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 17 Message

Letter of President, Dr. Arif Alvi to His Excellency Mr. Mahmoud Abbas, President, State of Palestine

xcellency, for speedy recovery of the injured. establishment of an independent, via- I convey to you our deep sadness Pakistan strongly condemns Israel’s vi- ble, and contiguous Palestinian State, Eand concern over the series of olence and illegal actions against Pal- with pre-1967 borders, with Al Quds Al violent attacks perpetrated by Israeli estinians that are against humanitarian Sharif as its capital. I pray for the bless- occupying forces against innocent wor- norms, human rights and international ings of Allah Almighty for you and the shipers at the AI-Aqsa Mosque during law. I reassure you of our efforts in mo- people of Palestine. Please accept, Ex- the holy month of Ramadan. Your Pa- bilizing the international community cellency the assurances of my highest kistani brothers and sisters, including for the Palestinian cause and to contin- consideration. myself, share your pain and distress ue raising voice for the Palestinian peo- Sd/- caused by Israel’s indiscriminate kill- ple. I avail myself of this opportunity to (Dr. Arif Alvi) ing of innocent Palestinians, including reaffirm Pakistan’s abiding support for His Excellency Mr. Mahmoud Abbas children, in Gaza. We express our pro- a just settlement of the Palestine issue President found sympathies and condolences for in accordance with the relevant UN State of Palestine the victims of these attacks and pray Security Council Resolutions and for

18 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Speech Prime Minister’s Statement Nikkei’s 26th Conference on “Future of Asia”

heme: “Shaping the Post-Covid Era: Asia’s Role in the Global Recovery” TBismillah-er-Rahman-er-Rahim, Chairman Nikkei Corporation, Excellencies, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, I am honored to speak to you at this 26th Con- ference on the Future of Asia. Asia is home to half of the world’s population. Asia’s future is the world’s future. This is where the most dynamic economic growth, social change, technological advances, and human development have taken place during the last 50 years. This is where the course of history will be decided in the 21st Cen- tury. Today, Asia – and the world – are at an important juncture. We confront unprecedented challenges; but we also have exciting opportunities to advance progress and prosperity. Our first priority, at present, is to confront and conquer the Covid-19 pandemic. This virus has created the worst global health, economic and social crisis in the past 100 years. It has infected hundreds of millions, killed over 3 million people, reversed housing, agriculture and industry. Both public the region. Pakistan has actively supported the economic growth, enlarged poverty, and worst and private investment should be mobilized to peace process in Afghanistan. As foreign forces of all created huge unemployment. Unless ful- this end. The less developed countries must be withdraw from Afghanistan, it is imperative to ly contained, it could create social chaos and helped to prepare a pipeline of sustainable infra- redouble efforts to promote the peace process threaten peace and security in Asia and else- structure projects. To attract private investment, between the Afghan parties. As I have said over where in the world. such projects will need to be “de-risked” through the years, there is no military solution to the con- No one will be safe unfortunately until every- blended finance and investment guarantees and flict. Pakistan hopes that violence will be sharply one is safe. We must act collectively to ensure incentives. reduced, and the Afghan parties will engage con- that the Covid vaccines are made available to We must also continue to mobilize science and structively to secure an inclusive, broad-based everyone, everywhere, as soon as possible. technology to accelerate sustainable growth and comprehensive political settlement. The vaccine’s supply and distribution must be through targeted research on innovations and Pakistan desires peaceful, cooperative relations immediately expanded; patent rights waived; applications required to advance the sustainable with all its neighbours, including India. But In- production ramped up, including in the devel- development and environmental goals. dia must stop the human rights violations in oping world; and the COVAX facility fully ex- The rapid digitalization of economies is essential occupied Jammu and Kashmir and revisit the tended and funded. The virus has had the most to ensure dynamic growth. The digital divide be- unilateral measures it took on 5 August 2019. severe impact on the poorest countries, but not tween advanced economies, where 87% of peo- It is essential that an enabling environment is just the poorest countries- the poor and all the ple are online, and the poorest countries, where created for dialogue to peacefully resolve the countries. It is essential to provide low income only 19% have Internet access, must be bridged. Jammu & Kashmir dispute in accordance with countries, and others in financial distress, with Otherwise, the divergence in the growth trajec- the UNSC resolutions and the wishes of the peo- the fiscal space and liquidity to respond to the tory of the advanced and developing economies ple of Kashmir. We hope that other threats to impact of the pandemic, and revive growth and will widen further. This will require expanded peace and security in Asia will also be resolved. preserve social stability. I had proposed a 5-point investment in digital hardware and software. The situation in Palestine remains a matter of agenda for debt relief, SDR creation and re-allo- Resilient and dynamic economic growth, partic- deep concern for everyone. The international cation, larger concessional finance, fulfillment ularly in Asia, depends significantly on greater community must take urgent actions to stop the of climate finance commitments, and an end to integration and physical connectivity. China’s Israeli attacks against Palestinians, prevent the illicit financial flows from developing countries. Belt and Road Initiative provides the important desecration of holy places especially Al-Aqsa I am gratified that consensus is evolving on these pathway to such regional integration across the Mosque, and facilitate a just and lasting solution essential actions. I welcome the extension of the Asia-Pacific Region and beyond. We welcome in line with relevant UN resolutions and the two- G-20’s debt suspension initiative; the agreement proposals from Japan and others to support and state vision. to create $650 billion in new SDRs; to expand finance “quality” infrastructure in Asia and else- Finally, we consider it vital to avoid great-pow- IDA funding; and expand the emergency support where. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is er rivalry and tensions in the Asia-Pacific. There programmes of the Multilateral Development a flagship project of the Belt and Road Initiative. is ample room in Asia for the economic, trade Banks. The recommendations of the FACTI Panel It has generated economic activity, employment and investment participation of all States. Yet, on illicit financial flows must also be implement- and will enhance bilateral and regional trade. Pa- Asia must not become the theatre of tensions ed. To ensure rapid recovery, we in Asia, and kistan has invited all friendly countries to join in induced from without or within. The differenc- elsewhere, must keep economies open, revive investing in the several economic and industrial es and disputes in Asia require Asian solutions disrupted supply chains, and resist protectionist zones being established under the CPEC umbrel- on the basis of Asian values and interests. The temptations. la. Pakistan looks toward serving as a geo-eco- Asia-Pacific, including the Indian Ocean, should If Asian and other economies are to achieve nomic hub connecting the economies of Central become a Zone of Peace, an area of expanding the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, Asia, South Asia, West Asia and beyond. These cooperation and prosperity, through strict ad- and net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, we will sub-regions are the areas which possess greater herence to the principles of the UN Charter and need to invest massively in new and sustain- potential for dynamic new growth in Asia. the Bandung Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. able infrastructure – energy, transportation, This potential cannot be fully unleashed until we resolve the outstanding conflicts and disputes in I thank you. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 19 Speech

Statement by the Foreign Minister of Pakistan: Meeting of the UN General Assembly on Palestine

r. President, It is time to say “Enough”! domination recognized as being entitled to Excellences, The voice of the Palestinian people cannot the right to self-determination to restore to MLadies and Gentlemen and will not be silenced. We, the representa- themselves that right by any means at their There are times in history when the decisions tives of the Islamic world, are here to speak disposal.” of nations are remembered by posterity. with them and for them. Second, we should mobilize all possible hu- This is one such moment. Mr. President, manitarian help for the devastated Palestin- What we do today, or cannot do, will be re- It is appalling that the Security Council has ian population in Gaza and other parts of the corded in history. Driven by arrogance and been unable to exercise its primary respon- occupied territories. In addition to the - UN emboldened by impunity, Israel has mount- sibility for the maintenance of international RWA emergency appeal, the Secretary-Gen- ed a relentless onslaught on the occupied peace and security. The Security Council has eral should launch a comprehensive human- and beleaguered people of Palestine. failed even to demand a cessation of hostil- itarian assistance plan to provide succor and As we speak, children, women and men in ities. Those preventing the Council from do- sustenance to the Palestinians. We need to Palestine are being killed with impunity. In ing so bear a heavy responsibility. In these send medical teams, medicines and other one week of Israeli attacks, over 250 Palestin- circumstances, the General Assembly must supplies, food and other necessities to Gaza ians have been killed and thousands injured. assume its own responsibility. We must not and other parts of the occupied Palestinian One-third are women and children. Death fail the Palestinian people at this critical junc- territories. We welcome the access being echoes in every home in Gaza. The Israeli air ture. provided by Egypt to Gaza. Israel must open strikes are responsible for the taking of every Mr. President, all the access points to Gaza to ensure the single life of the Abu Hatab family. Two were Our first priority must be to halt the Israeli timely and urgent delivery of international women and eight children. aggression. I hope that, even at this eleventh assistance. Let that sink in for just a moment. hour, the Security Council will call for a cessa- Third, the General Assembly should call for Hundreds of such tragedies are being enact- tion of Israel’s attacks. If it fails to do so, the concrete steps to protect the Palestinians. ed every hour in Gaza and other parts of the General Assembly must make this demand We should deploy an international protection Palestinian territories. So far, over 50,000 on behalf of the entire international commu- force, as was called for in General Assembly Palestinians have fled their homes in Gaza. nity. Let us be clear. There is no moral or mil- Resolution ES-10/20 and as demanded by There is limited access to water, food, hy- itary equivalence between the beleaguered the Islamic Summit Conference on 18 May giene, and health services. Hospitals and ac- and occupied Palestinian people – who have 2018. If the Security Council cannot agree to cess to water and sanitation services depend no army, no navy, no air force – and the Israe- send the protection force, a “coalition of the on electricity. Fuel for the power plants has li war – machine – one of the most powerful willing” can be formed to provide at least ci- almost run out. in the world. This is a war between a military vilian observers to monitor a cessation of the Gaza is plunged in darkness: literally and occupier and an occupied people. It is a con- hostilities and supervise the provision of hu- metaphorically. The only light is that of Israe- flict between illegal occupation and a legiti- manitarian help to the Palestinians.We also li explosions. mate struggle for self-determination. call on the Secretary-General and the High This is Palestine, where – in full view of the In this context, it is worth recalling Gener- Commissioner for Human Rights to offer pro- world – the Israeli air strikes bring down en- al Assembly resolution 2649 of November tection to the Israel’s Arab citizens who are tire buildings to kill and terrorize innocent 1970 which affirms the “legitimacy of the being lynched and murdered by fascist Israeli Palestinians and even silence the media. struggle of peoples under colonial and alien gangs at the present time. Fourth, the Gener-

20 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org al Assembly should condemn: Israel’s forcible al Assembly should secure unconditional im- Palestine is imperative for the maintenance and illegal eviction of Palestinians, including plementation of resolution 242 of November of regional and global peace and security. in Al-Jarrah district of Jerusalem and contin- 1967 in which the Security Council declared Clearly, the onus for restoring peace rests ued construction of Jewish settlements; the the “inadmissibility of the acquisition of on Israel. It must end its occupation. It must onslaught against Palestinians worshipers in territory by war” and demanded that Israel implement the resolutions of the Security Haram Al Sharif and Al-Aqsa mosque, the withdraw its armed forces from territories Council and the General Assembly. first Qibla of Islam, during the month of Ra- occupied in the 1967 war. It is, therefore, im- This General Assembly session must send a madan; and Israel’s brutal and indiscriminate perative to initiate bold steps to secure the clear message to the Palestinian people and aerial and land bombardment of Gaza. implementation of the Security Council and to Israel. Israel’s crimes against humanity should not General Assembly resolutions calling for the It is only through determined and decisive escape accountability. There should be no establishment of a viable, independent and action that this Assembly can restore the impunity for violation of international law, contiguous Palestinian State with Al-Quds Al credibility of the United Nations and demon- including the Fourth Geneva Convention and Sharif as its capital. Pakistan endorses Presi- strate its effective role in preserving world other human rights Conventions. The Human dent Abbas call for an International Confer- peace and global order based on equity and Rights Council, the ICC, the ICJ and other av- ence to secure a peaceful settlement. justice. enues should be activated to ensure Israeli Mr. President, accountability for its war crimes. The Palestine tragedy is at the heart of the I end with a verse from a great resistance Fifth, we must revive concrete efforts to end turmoil and conflicts in the Middle East. It is poet of Pakistan: Israel’s occupation of the Palestinian territo- also the principal root cause of the humilia- Ae Arz e Falstin! ries and to dismantle the illegal settlements tion and anger in the Muslim and Arab world Main Bhi Hazir Hun! and the apartheid-like regime Israel has im- – anger which breeds extremism and often O Land of Palestine! I too, am there for you. posed in the occupied territories. The Gener- spawns acts of violence. A just solution for I thank you.

Foreign Minister holds meeting with the UN Secretary General

oreign Minister Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Qureshi met with the UN FSecretary General António Guterres at the United Nations headquarters. During the meeting, the Foreign Minister expressed deep concern over the situation in the occupied Palestinian territories caused by Israeli aggression against the Palestinian people, resulting in over 250 deaths including dozens of women and children. The Foreign Minister underscored that his visit to New York to attend the General Assembly session on Pales- tine was an expression of Pakistan’s firm and unwavering support to the legitimate cause of the Palestinian people for their right to self-determination. Welcoming the recent ceasefire announcement, the Secretary General expressed the hope that this could help revive efforts for a negotiated settlement of the Palestinian issue. The Foreign Minister also briefed the UN Secretary General on the serious human rights and humanitarian situation in the In- He urged the UN Secretary General to use of intolerance, discrimination, violence dian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir his good offices to resolve the Jammu and and Islamophobia against Muslims, he (IIOJK) including continued illegal incarcer- Kashmir dispute in line with the UN Char- urged the need for the relevant UN bod- ation of the Kashmiri political leaders and ter and the relevant Security Council Res- ies to address this challenge, as well as extra-judicial killings. The Foreign Minis- olutions. take effective measures against the threat ter said that the re-initiation of the 2003 Foreign Minister Qureshi highlighted Paki- posed by violent nationalist, supremacist, ceasefire understanding between Pakistan stan’s constructive efforts to facilitate the far right and extreme-right wing terrorist and India along the Line of Control (LOC) Afghan peace process, and expressed the groups and ideologies. was a welcome step. Pakistan desired hope that the Afghan parties would seize The Foreign Minister is visiting New York to normal relations with India. However, the the opportunity and reach an inclusive, po- attend the UN General Assembly Session onus was on India to take steps to create litically-negotiated settlement, resulting in on Palestine as part of Pakistan’s extensive an enabling environment for a meaningful lasting peace and security in Afghanistan. diplomatic outreach to mobilize interna- engagement. Expressing deep concern at the rising tide tional support for the Palestinians.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 21 International Conference

TRADE, CONNECTIVITY AMONG ECO STATES PIVOTAL FOR REGIONAL PROSPERITY: PRESIDENT resident Dr Arif Alvi on Tuesday stressed greater trade and Pconnectivity among the countries of Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) to attain the goals of cohesive regional development an d prosperity. Addressing here at the inaugural session of Second Conference of Parliamentary Assembly of the Economic Cooperation Organization (PAECO) countries, the president said economic integration among regional states could act as an effective driver to foster sustainable peace and security. The conference gathered speakers and representatives of the national parliaments of Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The president emphasized proper tapping of the region’s immense resources by ECO countries to nurture alliances for a win-win economic stability. “Your voice will be only heard at global platform if you are economically strong and stable,” he said, stressing upon the need for a viable regional integration through open trade market for sustainable development and poverty alleviation. Dr Alvi said the ECO region, with its eight million square kilometre land mass and 500 million people, comprised six percent of the world population and had the potential to become economic power

22 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org through institutionalized trade policy reforms. In today’s world, he said, where morality was becoming irrelevant next to the oppressor’s own whims and wishes, a strong leadership and approach promoting the ethos of humanity was direly needed. He mentioned the West’s double standards and hypocrisy in the name of “freedom of expression” where the incidents of blasphemy of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) were on rise compared with the intolerance against a slight discussion on Holocaust. He also pointed that labeling the freedom movement of Palestinians and Kashmiris as terrorism by Israel and India was another approach of seeing kilometer and vast population of 460 would further strengthen PAECO. million has immense potential of mutual them through the prism of prejudice. The Mir Rehman Rahmani ,Speaker of the Wolsi cooperation in the spheres of trade and president, however, categorically said that Jirga of Afghanistan, Ms. Sahiba Gafarova, economy. He expressed these views Pakistan’s stance on Israel’s violations of Speaker of the Mili Majlis of Azerbaijan, Mr. during his welcome address in inaugural human rights was “not anti-Semitic, but Talant Mamytov, Speaker of the Supreme Session of 2nd General Conference of anti-Zionist”. “We are against genocide. Council of Kyrgyz Republic, Mr. Zokirzoda Parliamentary Assembly of the Economic We are not against Jews or Christians, but Mahmodthohir ,Chairman of the Majlisi Cooperation Organization (PAECO) in against all oppressors of humanity,” he Namoyandagon of the Majlisi Oli, Republic Islamabad. said. “Anyone who resorts to oppression, of Tajikistan, Mr. Mustafa Sentop ,Speaker we will raise voice against them,” he added. Speaker Asad Qaiser said that 10 members of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, The president expressed confidence that of ECO can capitalize their potential by Mr. Ismoilov Nurdinjoin, Speaker of the the Muslim world would join hands in Parliamentary cooperation especially in Majlis Oli of the Republic of Uzbekistan giving the world a strong message on the context of the negatives of COVID-19 and Mr. Mynbay Darkhan as Heads of the Islamophobia. Speaker National Assembly Pandemic. He said that Parliament of delegation of the House of Representatives Asad Qaiser said Pakistan believed in Pakistan successfully organized a seminar of Kazakhstan also address the inaugural the parliamentary partnership among to explore the opportunities to promote ceremony of the conference . Whereas, ECO states to ensure socio-economic trade between Pak-Afghan in 2020 and Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf ,Speaker of development. Bound by the bonds of multiple initiatives has been taken under the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran, religion, culture and history, he said, it the Executive committee Pak-Afghan Ms.Gulshat Mammedova Chairperson of was imperative upon the ECO countries parliamentary Friendship Group. the Mejlis of Turkmenistan and Dr.Hadi to play a positive role in the comity of Soleimanpour Secretary General of ECO While mentioning the plight of innocent nations. He said economic connectivity in would virtually address the conference. the region was significant to deal with the Kashmiris and Palestinians, he remarked challenges of terrorism, amidst the risk that world should take stock of the In their addresses the guest Speakers posed by the non-state actors as enemy of gross violations of basic human rights in appreciated the Pakistan’s effort to bring prosperity. He proposed ECO investment Indian Occupied Jammu&Kashmir and in ECO member Parliament on the plateform agency, establishment of inter-regional Palestine. He said that without resolution of PAECO. They also mentioned about linkages and promotion of knowledge- of contentious issues like Kashmir and vast opportunities in the field of economy based economies. The speakers of the ECO Palestine the sustainable peace cannot be and trade. They mentioned of the need member countries, present on the occasion achieved. of close cooperation and connectivity among ECO member states. The Guest and also virtually, highlighted different Meanwhile, Speaker National Assembly Speakers mentioned that PAECO is not aspects of their mutual cooperation by Asad Qaiser expressed his gratitude for only a platform for regional parliamentary overcoming regional issues, promoting unanimously electing him as Chairperson diplomacy throuth dialogue, consensus, harmony, safeguarding political liberties of Executive Assembly of PAECO. He said synergy and alignment of national member and strengthening parliamentary linkages. that PAECO would provide a plate forum Parliaments of the member states. REGIONAL COOPERATION AMONG ECO for strengthening the inter parliamentary MEMBER STATES IMPERATIVE FOR SOCIO- cooperation. He expressed the hope The guest speakers also mentioned that ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: NA SPEAKER that PAECO would continue to open new peace and tranquility without eliminating avenues of cooperation among ECO the threats to solidarity and cooperation Speaker National Assembly Asad Qaiser member States. He congratulated to on a global scale, and especially without has said that multilateral cooperation is Afghanistan being unanimously chosen international consensus and cooperation imperative for regional development and to be host of 3rd PAECO by the Executive on issues such as war, violence and economic prosperity. He remarked that Council of PAECEO. He hoped that the countering against terrorism is not ECO region with an area 8 million Square unanimous decisions of Executive Council possible. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 23 Bilateral Relations

President Dr. Arif Alvi was visited by Speaker of Grand National Assembly of Turkey e said that Pakistan highly values tion Council (HLSCC) which had been its ties with Turkey as both coun- instrumental in upgrading bilateral Htries enjoy excellent relations The President relations between the two brotherly based on religious & cultural linkages, nations. He also highlighted that the besides unanimity of views on regional stated that bilateral visit of the Turkish President, Recep & international issues. relations between Tayyip Erdogan, to Islamabad in Febru- The President stated that bilateral re- ary 2020, was a manifestation of a joint lations between the two countries had the two countries desire to transform bilateral relations transformed into a strong strategic had transformed into into a strategic partnership. partnership over the years and would He expressed his gratitude to Turkey continue to grow further. a strong strategic for its steadfast support of Pakistan’s He underscored the need for en- partnership over stance over the Kashmir cause at all hanced pol. & economic cooperation international fora. He also acknowl- b/w Pakistan & Turkey for mutual ben- the years and would edged Turkey’s leading role to fight efits. Welcoming the speaker, the Pres- continue to grow the COVID-19 pandemic by providing ident said that Pak-Turkey relations support and assistance to countries in- had been institutionalized in the form further cluding Pakistan. of the High-Level Strategic Coopera-

24 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Bilateral Relations

PAKISTAN AND TURKEY AGREE TO STRENGTHEN INTER- PARLIAMENTARY RELATONS THROUGH ENHANCED COOPERATION

he Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey Mr Mustafa TSentop met Speaker Asad Qaiser on side-lines of the PAECO Conference held in Islamabad today. While talking to his Turkish counterpart, Speaker Asad Qaiser termed the visit of Mr Mustafa Sentop and his delegation as a step forward in - fur therance of the pursuit of friendship and cooperation between two brotherly countries. The Speaker said that religious cultural and historic affini- ties have bound both the countries in eternal bonds. He was confident that PAECO conference would help explore issues of Kashmir, Palestine and Cyprus parliaments would also support and avenue for furthering the collabora- were close to Turkey and would always encourage reciprocal visits and con- tion and connectivity between all the extend its diplomatic and moral sup- tacts between delegations composed states in the region. port for their peaceful resolution. of the members of the Parliaments and Speaker Turiskh Grand National As- Later on, a Protocol on Inter-parlia- also urge enhanced contacts between sembly Mr Mustafa Sentop expressed mentary co-operation was signed be- Standing Committees of both Parlia- his gratitude to the Speaker Asad Qa- tween National Assembly of Pakistan ments. Strengthening Inter-parliamen- iser for the arousing welcome accord- and Grand National Assembly of - Tur tary Friendship Groups of Pakistan and ed to him and his delegation at Islam- key. The National Assembly of Pakistan Turkey has also been made part of the abad. He said that he always feel at and the Grand National Assembly of protocol. This Protocol shall come into home when he is visiting Pakistan. He Turkey agreed in principal to exchange effect on the date of its signature and also mentioned that exploring possibil- information and views on matters re- remain in force for an indefinite peri- ities of mutual cooperation amongst lated to the bilateral relations as well od of time unless terminated by either the regional states was imperative for as on regional and international mat- Parliament. progress and prosperity. He said that ters. It was further agreed that both www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 25 Bilateral Relations

Bilateral Meeting between Foreign Minister of Pakistan & Turkey on Israeli aggression against the Palestinians

By Mian Fazal Elahi

oreign Minister Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Qureshi met with Turkish FForeign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu on 18 May 2021 in Ankara. The Foreign Minister is visiting Turkey to exchange views on the worsening situation in the Israeli Occupied Palestinian Territories. During the meeting, the two Foreign Ministers discussed ways to mobilize the international community to help stop Israeli aggression against the Palestinians. It was reaffirmed that the international community had a collective responsibility in ensuring necessary steps to help address the dire situation, restore peace, and facilitate a just solution. The Foreign Minister apprised his Turkish counterpart of the sentiment prevailing in Pakistan in support of the people of Palestine including the resolution unanimously adopted by the National Assembly of Pakistan. While taking stock of the excellent bilateral relations between the two countries, the two sides discussed the ongoing preparations for the 7th Session of the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council (HLSCC) that will be held in Turkey this year. Foreign Minister Qureshi also reiterated appreciation for Turkey’s principled and steadfast support on the issue of Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu & Kashmir. Underscoring Pakistan’s abiding interest in

26 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org a peaceful, secure and stable Afghanistan, Foreign Minister Qureshi illustrated Pakistan’s consistent efforts to facilitate the Afghan peace process. He expressed the hope that the Afghan parties would seize the opportunity and workout an inclusive politically-negotiated settlement. The Foreign Minister also lauded Turkey’s valuable efforts to re-energize the Afghan peace process. The Foreign Minister and the Foreign Ministers of Turkey, Palestine and other countries, will be traveling to New York to participate

The two Foreign Ministers discussed ways to mobilize the international community to help stop Israeli aggression against the Palestinians in-person in a meeting of the UN General Assembly on the Palestine issue. Earlier, the Saudi Foreign Minister had convened a meeting of the OIC Executive Committee to discuss the situation in Palestine. The Foreign Minister, as a member of the Executive Committee, had also addressed the meeting. As part of Pakistan’s diplomatic endeavours, Prime Minister Imran Khan and Foreign Minister Qureshi have reached out to a number of countries including Palestine, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Indonesia and others.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 27 Multilateral Relations

Resolution Adopted by OIC Executive Committee at the Level of Foreign Ministers

By Muhammad Bilal Zafar

he virtual open-ended extraordinary meeting of the OIC Executive Committee Tat the level of foreign minister held on Sunday 4 Shawwal 1442AH, corresponding to 16th May 2021, upon the request of the King- dom of Saudi Arabia, Chair of the Islamic Sum- mit, to discuss the aggression by Israel, the occupying Power in the Palestinian territories, particularly, Al-Quds Al-Shareef. Proceeding from the principles and objectives of the charter of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Pursuant to the resolutions adopted by the ordinary and extraordinary sessions of the Is- lamic Summit and the Council of Foreign Min- isters, Recalling all relevant United Nations resolutions, including resolutions No. 242 (1967); 252 (1968); 338 (1973); 465, 476, 478 (1980); 1073 (1996), and 2334 (2016), and the conferences of the High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention (1949) and its sensibilities and feelings of the Palestinian gation system there, in particular through the additional protocols, on applicability of the people and the entire Islamic ummah with its building of settlements, destruction of Pales- provisions of the Convention to the land of the heightened attacks on worshippers, especial- tinian properties and building of an expansion State of Palestine and the protection of civil- ly starting from the beginning of Ramadan, wall, confiscation of lands, homes and proper- ians in times of war, blocking worshippers’ access to the holy sites ties, forceful expulsion and eviction of Pales- Driven by the historical, moral and legal re- to perform their religious rites, including Mus- tinians from their homes and land; and affirms sponsibility of the Islamic ummah towards the lims’ access to the Al-Aqsa Mosque and Chris- that all these acts constitute gross violation cause of Palestine and Al-Quds Al-Shareef, tians’ access to the Church of Holy Sepulchre of international law, attaining the level of war Having reviewed the latest developments in during the Easter celebrations, violent storm- crimes and crimes against humanity for which the Occupied Palestinian Territories, including ing of the Al-Aqsa Mosque/Al-Haram Al-Sha- the occupation must be held accountable and East Jerusalem, in particular the escalating ag- reef by the occupation forces, terrorising and the colonial system boycotted and sanctioned; gression by the occupation forces and the ex- attacking peaceful worshippers, in flagrant vio- • Expresses particular concern at the rapid tremist Israeli settlers in the Al-Aqsa Mosque/ lation of international humanitarian law; pace of the Israeli policy of colonisation of Pal- Al-Haram Al-Shareef, the forced eviction of • Demands a stop to all violations being car- estinian lands, especially the threat to force- Palestinian families from their homes in East ried out by Israel, the occupying authority, fully evict hundreds of Palestinian families Jerusalem, the killing and maiming of civilians, including disrespect for the holy sites, in par- from their homes in the occupied East Jeru- the growing barbaric attack on the Gaza Strip, ticular, the sacredness of the Al-Aqsa Mosque/ salem, including families in Sheikh Jarrah and giving free rein to all means of lethal military Al-Haram Al-Shareef, and not to undermine Silwan neighbourhoods which face imminent aggression against defenceless Palestinian ci- their historical and legal status; reiterates that evictions from extremist colonialist groups vilians, which has killed and injured hundreds Israel is an occupation force and does not pos- with the support and backing of the Israeli oc- and caused widespread destruction of civilian sess any legitimate right whatsoever on occu- cupation authorities, in cooperation with the properties and extensive suffering, constitut- pied Palestinian land, including East Jerusalem racial courts; demands immediate cessation of ing direct threat to international peace and and the Al-Aqsa Mosque/Al-Haram Al-Shareef, those illegal policies and practices that are at security, and that all measures undermining its status variance with the occupation’s obligations un- • Condemns in the strongest terms the bar- are null and void and of no legal effect; der the United Nations Charter, the Fourth Ge- baric attacks launched by Israel, the occupying • Reaffirms the importance of the historical neva Convention, international human rights authority, against the Palestinian people and Hashemite custodianship of the Islamic and law and United Nations resolutions, including their land and holy sites; demands complete Christian holy sites in Al-Quds and its role in Security Council resolution 2334 (2016); and and immediate stop of these attacks that have preserving them and the existing legal and calls for these illegal measures to be chal- affected innocent civilians and their -proper historical status there, and in preserving the lenged at all levels and for urgent international ties, in gross violation of international law and Arab, Islamic and Christian identity of the measures to be taken to confront them; United Nations resolutions on the question of sanctuaries; and affirms that the Hashemite • Holds Israel, the occupying authority, fully Palestine; and warns that the continuation of management of Al-Quds and Al-Aqsa Mosque responsible for the deterioration of the situ- and incitement to these attacks and provoca- waqfs is the only body authorized to manage ation caused by its systematic crimes against tions, the threat on the lives of innocent civil- all affairs of the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Al- the Palestinian people across the entire Oc- ians, causing severe suffering to them increase Quds Haram Al-Shareef; cupied Palestinian Territory, in particular, the the risks of instability, with serious implica- • Reiterates its rejection and condemnation of extensive barbaric military attack on the be- tions for security in and outside of the region; the ongoing Israeli settlement colonisation of sieged Gaza Strip, with rising number of vic- • Warns, in particular, against the dangerous occupied Palestinian land, including East Jeru- tims and large scale destruction of properties effects of Israel’s continued and deliberate in- salem and the establishment of racial segre- and basic infrastructure; calls for the impor- flammation and provocation of the religious

28 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org tance of protecting medical and first-aid crews and steps to compel Israel, the occupying au- the Palestinian people with support and the and of allowing them to do their work without thority, to fulfil its obligation as occupying au- wherewithal for steadfastness to confront the hindrance, in line with the provisions of inter- thority, including ensuring protection for the Israeli barbaric attacks; and requests them to national law in this regard; and stresses the Palestinian population; and affirms that the respect the OIC resolutions on the Palestinian need to provide international protection for time has come to take serious measures to cause and work to implement them as the the Palestinian people, in conformity with in- hold Israel accountable for its gross violations central issue of the Islamic ummah and the ternational humanitarian law standards as has and to stop exempting it from the same rule raison d’etre of the OIC; been repeatedly advocated by the United Na- that are binding on the rest of the world; • Appreciates the role played by the Chair of tions General Assembly, including in resolution • Reiterates its readiness for engagement the Al-Quds Committee in protecting the sanc- ES-10/20 of 13 June 2018 and in line with the in all efforts to support the just Palestinian tuaries in Al-Quds Al-Shareef and standing up Final Communique of the 7th Extraordinary Is- cause and guarantee the inalienable rights of to the measures taken by the Israeli occupa- lamic Summit, by dispatching an international the Palestinian people, including their right to tion authorities to Judaize the holy city; protection force to save innocent lives from self-determination and subsequent just and • Salutes the steadfastness of the Palestin- ongoing attacks and terrorism by the occupa- comprehensive solution on the basis of the ian people on their land and for their histor- tion forces and the extremist colonialist mili- two-state solution, in accordance with the in- ic stand in the face of aggression and occu- tias; ternationally agreed principles on the basis of pation, and epic defence of their legitimate • Underscores the responsibility of the Se- relevant United Nations resolutions and the rights, standing up to the obliteration, eviction curity Council to act swiftly to end the Israeli Arab Peace Initiative leading to the establish- and revocation attempts by the Israeli racist, occupation’s barbaric attacks on the Palestin- ment of the independent State of Palestine colonial regime; and reiterates its support and ian people, in line with its Charter mandate with Al-Quds Al-Shareef as its capital, and to backing for the Palestinian leadership; to preserve international peace and security; continue to work with the international com- • Invites Member States to provide all forms expresses its denouncement of the Security munity to achieve that end; of support and backing for the Palestinian peo- Council’s inertia in dealing with the Palestin- • Notes that the extensive Israeli aggression ple to strengthen their resilience on their land ian question, the oldest on its agenda; and against the Palestinian people coincides with and to stress the importance of activating the invites it to assume its responsibility towards the 73rd anniversary of the catastrophe, the financial safety network, in accordance with the Palestinian people and to respond to the 1948 tragedy during which widespread ethnic the resolution of the 14th Islamic Summit, par- calls of states and peoples around the world cleansing operation was conducted leading ticularly for the reconstruction of destroyed to rise to its responsibilities to stop these vio- to the forceful removal of 800,000 from their infrastructure, properties and homes shelter- lations, save innocent lives, act without delay homes and land, after the barbaric massacre ing hundreds of Palestinian families who have to stop the deterioration on the ground and carried out in more than 400 Palestinian towns been rendered homeless because of the heavy the ongoing Israeli aggression on the Palestin- and images by Zionist terrorist groups in Pales- destruction carried out by the Israeli occupa- ian people, implement its own resolutions and tine; recalls the historical responsibility of the tion forces; ensure that they are fully respected, being the British mandate authority for the catastrophe • Calls for international legal action through foundation and key to a just and lasting solu- and the permanent responsibility of the Unit- specialized international courts and various tion supported by the prevailing international ed Nations for the Palestinian question until all United Nations agencies to compel Israel, the consensus; its aspects are resolved; and reiterates on this occupying power, to pay the necessary ma- • Reiterates that failure of the Security Council painful anniversary the right of the Palestin- terial and moral reparations for the damages to assume its responsibility to deal with this ians to return as a fundamental collective and done to the Palestinian infrastructure as well crisis will necessitate approaching the United individual right, in conformity with interna- as public and private properties; Nations General Assembly to assume its re- tional law and United Nations resolutions, in • Decides to move urgently and carry out the sponsibility, including resumption of the pro- particular resolution 194 (III), which cannot be necessary contacts to implement this reso- ceedings of the Tenth Emergency Special Ses- diminished with the passage of time, and that lution and convey its contents to all relevant sion to stop Israeli aggression in the Occupied respecting it is essential for a just and lasting bodies, to mandate the Secretary General to Palestinian Territory, including Al-Quds Al-Sha- solution; contact the President of the European Com- reef, to ensure provision of international • Reiterates that Al-Quds Al-Shareef and the mission, the United Nations Secretary Gener- protection for the Palestinian people, to take blessed Al-Aqsa Mosque, Islam’s first qibla al, the High Commissioner for Human Rights measures to hold Israel, the occupying power, and third holiest sanctuary, is a red line for and other representatives of relevant inter- accountable for its crimes and gross violations the Islamic ummah, that only with its full lib- national organizations and groups to convey of the rules of international law and human eration from occupation and its return to the the contents of this resolution, and to invite rights, and to blockade its colonial system; Palestinian people and the Islamic ummah will the councils of ambassadors of the OIC group • Calls upon the international community as a there be security and stability; invites Mem- in countries of the world and at internation- whole, including the High Contracting Parties ber States to make concerted and individual al organizations to act urgently to convey the to the Fourth Geneva Convention, to abide by efforts, to rally round and defend Al-Quds and contents of this resolution to the states and its collective commitments and take measures its holy sites, face up to Israel’s crimes, provide organizations of their accreditation. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 29 Bilateral Relations

Pakistani FM meets Iraqi leaders in Baghdad to boost bilateral ties By Mian Fazal Elahi cooperation in mutually beneficial areas. steadfast diplomatic support for the just Appreciating Prime Minister Imran Khan’s cause of Palestine. He also highlighted oreign Minister Makhdoom Shah environmental initiatives, he hoped for Pakistan’s efforts to promote solidarity Mahmood Qureshi called on the greater cooperation in this field. The among the Muslim Ummah. Foreign FPresident of the Republic of Iraq, His Foreign Minister and the President also Minister Qureshi is undertaking a three- Excellency Dr. Barham Salih, in Baghdad. discussed regional and global issues of day bilateral visit to Iraq, at the invitation The Foreign Minister conveyed warm mutual interest. Foreign Minister Qureshi of his Iraqi counterpart. During the visit, wishes to President Salih from Pakistan’s briefed the President on the situation he will hold extensive discussions with leadership. He affirmed Pakistan’s support in South Asia, in particular Pakistan’s important dignitaries in Iraq, on bilateral for the sovereignty and territorial integrity approach towards the issues and disputes cooperation and important regional and of Iraq. Acknowledging the unyielding with India, Pakistan’s consistent support for global issues. efforts and sacrifices of Iraq, and its the Afghan Peace Process, and Pakistan’s people, in the fight against terrorism, the Foreign Minister Makhdoom Shah Foreign Minister wished peace, progress and prosperity for the brotherly people of Iraq. President Salih warmly welcomed the Foreign Minister and reciprocated the feelings expressed on behalf of Pakistan’s leadership. He thanked the Foreign Minister for Pakistan’s understanding and support. Foreign Minister Qureshi briefed the President on Pakistan’s transformed vision centered around economic security, shifting focus from geo-politics to geo- economics. He outlined Pakistan’s desire to offer itself as an economic hub through peace, development partnerships and connectivity. Reaffirming Pakistan’s long- standing and friendly ties with Iraq, Foreign Minister Qureshi expressed Pakistan’s desire to further enhance existing bilateral ties in all spheres of cooperation. He offered Pakistan’s support and cooperation for Iraq’s efforts toward rebuilding and strengthening the country. The President agreed that the two countries needed to strengthen bilateral

30 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Mahmood Qureshi was warmly received by the Prime Minister of the Republic of Iraq, His Excellency Mr. Mustafa Al-Kadhimi, in Baghda. The Foreign Minister conveyed sincere and warm greetings from Prime Minister Imran Khan to the Iraqi Prime Minister, and expressed Pakistan’s full support for a secure and prosperous Iraq. Prime Minister Al-Kadhimi reciprocated the gesture and thanked Pakistan for its support. Foreign Minister Qureshi appreciated the resilience of the Iraqi people in facing serious challenges to peace and security. Paying tribute to the sacrifices rendered by Iraqi people in the fight against terrorism, he said the two countries could benefit from sharing experience and expertise in this area. Foreign Minister Qureshi expressed confidence that, with able leadership, unyielding efforts and sincere friends, Iraq will overcome any challenge to emerge stronger and more prosperous in future. The Foreign Minister stressed that the purpose of his visit was to translate Pakistan’s existing friendly relationship with Iraq into a collaborative and mutually beneficial partnership across diverse fields. In this regard, he briefed the Prime Minister on Pakistan’s focus on building connectivity and economic diplomacy. The Foreign Minister identified areas, such as tourism, manpower export, infrastructure development, investment and food security, in which the two countries could significantly benefit from enhanced cooperation. He also expressed Pakistan’s desire to meet its energy requirements with oil from Iraq. He laid special emphasis on the need to further strengthen people to people linkages, in particular facilitating thousands of Pakistani Zaireen who visit Iraq every year. Agreeing to the potential of cooperation between the two countries, Prime Minister Al-Kadhimi expressed Iraq’s interest in cooperation in health sector, as well as the possibility of utilizing Pakistan’s health facilities for Iraqi people. He urged the Foreign Ministers of both countries to explore tangible collaboration in this field. The Foreign Minister stressed the importance of high-level visits between the two countries to build and carry forward the positive momentum in the relationship. He proposed that the two countries should develop an overarching framework of political consultations and bilateral cooperation at the Foreign Ministers level to provide impetus to deepening www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 31 and strengthening mutually beneficial partnership. The Prime Minister welcomed the idea, in principle. Discussing regional and global issues of mutual interest, the Foreign Minister apprised the Prime Minister of the deteriorating situation in the Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) and stressed the need to resolve the Jammu and Kashmir dispute, in accordance with the United Nations Security Council resolutions. He also briefed Prime Minister Al-Kadhimi on Pakistan’s efforts to support peace and reconciliation in Afghanistan, in particular the Afghan Peace Process, as well as Pakistan’s principled position on the issue of Palestine. The Foreign Minister thanked the Prime Minister for accepting the invitation by Prime Minister Imran Khan to visit Pakistan. He hoped that the visit will take place at the earliest convenience Foreign Minister Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Qureshi was accorded a warm welcome by the Foreign Minister of Iraq, Dr Fuad Hussein, as they met in Baghdad. The two Foreign Ministers held delegation- level talks, and later continued their conversation over the lunch hosted by the Iraqi Foreign Minister. The Foreign Ministers also delivered statements to the press after the delegation-level talks. Foreign Minister Qureshi thanked Dr. Fuad Hussein for the invitation and warm hospitality extended during the visit. During the meeting, the two Foreign Ministers reviewed the entire gamut of bilateral relations. They reaffirmed the long-standing and friendly ties between the two countries, rooted in shared faith, values and culture, and expressed desire to further augment bilateral relations. COVID-related assistance in March 2021. significant prospects in promoting bilateral Foreign Minister Qureshi reiterated tourism, including facilitation of Zaireen Foreign Minister Qureshi stressed the from Pakistan, promoting scientific and Pakistan’s support for territorial integrity importance of maintaining momentum in and sovereignty of Iraq, acknowledged educational cooperation, cooperation in the high-level and Ministerial visits between food security and oil sector. the successes of Iraq and its people in the the two countries and early convening fight against terrorism and appreciated the of the 9th Session of the Pakistan – Iraq The two Foreign Ministers also discussed resilience of Iraqi people in their efforts to Joint Ministerial Commission. The idea of bilateral cooperation in multilateral overcome myriad of challenges. establishing an overarching framework organizations, in particular the United The two Foreign Ministers also discussed of consultations at the Foreign Ministers’ Nations, its subsidiary organizations, how the global pandemic compounded level also came under discussion. Foreign Human Rights Council and the various challenges faced by the developing Minister Qureshi also highlighted the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). countries. Stressing that no single importance of concluding agreements Expressing satisfaction at the existing country could overcome the COVID-19 and MoUs in diverse fields already being collaboration, Foreign Minister Qureshi pandemic alone, Foreign Minister Qureshi negotiated by respective departments of expressed Pakistan’s desire to forge stressed the importance of international the two sides. closer partnership in key multilateral organizations for strengthening mutual cooperation to save lives and livelihoods. Foreign Minister Qureshi underscored He outlined Pakistan’s strategy to manage support, and to effectively promote the the importance of expanding bilateral perspectives shared by both countries. the pandemic, which included assisting trade and economic relationship through friendly countries such as Iraq, where enhanced connectivity, and strengthening The two Foreign Ministers exchanged views Pakistan dispatched three planes load of people-to-people linkages. He identified on the regional situation and issues of

32 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org mutual interest. Foreign Minister Qureshi briefed his counterpart on the situation in South Asia, in particular the situation in the Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) and Pakistan’s efforts to promote peace despite the vitiated environment created by India. He stressed that peace in the region was contingent on resolution of the Jammu and Kashmir dispute, in accordance with the United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Foreign Minister also apprised the Iraqi Foreign Minister of Pakistan’s consistent support for the Afghan Peace Process. The two Foreign Ministers also discussed the Palestine issue and the regional situation resulting from the crisis. The two Foreign Ministers agreed to continue exchanging views on regional and global issues of mutual interest. Foreign Minister Qureshi extended a cordial invitation to Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein to visit Pakistan, which was accepted graciously. Foreign Minister Qureshi is visiting Iraq for a three-day visit at the invitation of his Iraqi counterpart. In addition to meeting the Iraqi leadership, the Foreign Minister will also meet key Ministers to discuss issues relevant to their respective fields. Foreign Minister Qureshi meets the Minister of Defence of Iraq, Jumaa Inad Saadoun Khattab Foreign Minister Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Qureshi met His Excellency Jumaa Inad Saadoun Khattab, Iraq’s Minister of Defence, who warmly welcomed him at the Ministry of Defence in Baghdad. Foreign Minister Qureshi rejoiced the opportunity of meeting the Iraqi Defence Minister twice within three months. Recalling the visit of Pakistan’s Minister for Defence Production to Iraq in January 2021, he expressed satisfaction at frequent interactions at the Ministerial level, which augured well for future bilateral defence ties of Pakistan and Iraq. The two Ministers noted with contentment the steady growth in bilateral defence relations. Foreign Minister Qureshi said that this was reflected aptly by and appreciated the professionalism of exchanging senior level delegations to the participation of Iraqi Special Forces Pakistan’s Armed Forces and the technical sustain the positive momentum in the Paratroopers in the Pakistan National Day advancements made by the country in growing defence relationship between the Parade on 23 March 2021. Defence Production. Foreign Minister two countries. Qureshi reiterated Pakistan’s resolve to The two Ministers reviewed the progress further deepen and diversify bilateral The Foreign Minister will be concluding his made on various aspects of defence cooperation in the fields of defence and three-day visit to Iraq today. The visit (28- collaboration between the two countries. defence production. 30 May 2021) is being undertaken at the The Defence Minister fondly recalled invitation of his Iraqi counterpart, Dr Fuad his visit to Islamabad in February 2021 The two Ministers agreed to continue Hussein. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 33 The embassy of the Republic of Iraq in Islamabad organizes a stand of solidarity with the Palestinian people and the Palestinian cause

.E Mr. Hamid Abbas Lafta, the Ambassador of the Republic of Iraq to HPakistan visited the headquarter of the Palestinian Embassy in Islamabad on 12/5/2021 accompanied by the number of the embassy staff to standup to solidarity with the brotherly Government and the people of Palestine in the wake of the blatant attacks and brutal violations committed by the Israeli occupation forces against the defenseless Palestinian people. The Ambassador expressed the Iraqi Government condemnation of such attacks and expressed by the Iraq Government’s demands to stop and these aggressive attacks and renewed Iraq’s firm and principled position on the Palestinian issue.

34 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Groundbreaking Ceremony of Technology Park,Islamabad

he Ambassador of the Republic of Korea, H.E. Mr. Suh Sangpyo accompanied by Tthe Honourable Minister for Information Technology and Telecommunications, H.E. Mr. Syed Amin ul Haque inaugurated the Islamabad Technology Park here on Wednesday the 26th of May, 2021.

On the occasion, H.E. Mr. Suh Sangpyo commented that IT Park constructions are key projects of the Economic Development Cooperation Fund EDCF. In 2019, Korea signed the framework agreement with Pakistan to provide 500 million dollars of EDCF loans that give financial space for the construction of infrastructure in Pakistan. Today we witness together a tangible outcome of EDCF projects. Islamabad IT Park will be a landmark in strong ties between Korea and Pakistan.

Korea is ready to support Pakistan’s own IT capacity reinforcement with a long-term perspective, such as capacity building, infrastructure and technology development. H.E. Mr. Suh Sangpyo remarked that the construction of this Islamabad IT Park will provide a business-friendly environment for Pakistani small and medium IT companies.

H.E. Mr. Syed Amin ul Haque conveyed gratitude to the Korean Government and the Korean Ambassador to Islamabad for their full support in the construction of the IT Park. H.E. Mr. Syed Amin ul Haque further shared that the state- of-the-art IT Park project will be completed in 30 months and stated that the inauguration of this Park is another positive step towards the achievement of the Prime Minister Imran Khan’s vision of a Digital Pakistan. Islamabad.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 35 Israel is waging a war on truth in Gaza Why did Israel target buildings housing media organizations in Gaza? By Sultan Barakat much of their archives and equipment to be de- And Israel has much reason to try and silence stroyed alongside the building. free media. sraeli air strikes levelled the al-Jalaa tower, The bombing of the al-Jalaa tower drew criti- In recent decades, the media has become an an 11-storey building that housed the offic- cism from international organizations, rights indispensable instrument for winning wars. Vic- Ies of Al Jazeera and the Associated Press in groups and several governments, including tory in modern conflict is as much dependent the Gaza Strip. Just a few days earlier, the Is- those of Israel’s allies. on controlling domestic and international pub- raeli military had also bombed the al-Henday, The Israeli military claimed that the tower lic opinion as it is on defeating the enemy on al-Jawhara and al-Shorouk towers, which to- housed Hamas military intelligence assets, the battlefield. gether housed more than a dozen local and in- and therefore constituted a legitimate target. Indeed, fact-based, on-the-ground reporting ternational news agencies. However, as recently admitted by United States that scrutinizes narratives put forward by mil- The towers targeted by Israel were among a Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who routine- itaries and states has been decisive in the pro- handful of high rises that were built in the Gaza ly defends Israel’s actions, Tel Aviv has so far gression and conclusion of many recent con- strip in the last 20 years to meet the local pop- released no evidence to support these allega- flicts. ulation’s commercial, social and educational tions. The Associated Press strongly denied that During the 2004 battle for Fallujah between needs. Hamas was active in the building. the US military and Iraqi insurgents, for exam- Before the attacks, these towers were some of However, whether or not Hamas had offices in ple, media reports from the field proved crucial the very few locations in the blockaded enclave the building, the targeting with missiles of high- in exposing the devastation inflicted by US air that enjoyed relatively uninterrupted services, rise buildings located in a dense urban centre strikes and ground operations on the civilian in particular, electricity sourced by their own and populated by hundreds of civilians is an population of the city and ultimately caused generators. As a result, they attracted hundreds indefensible violation of international law. By the US military to withdraw. of families as residents, and were hosting not striking these vibrant towers, Israel once again “The [US] Marines in Fallujah weren’t beat- only numerous media offices but also several made clear that it is determined to inflict max- en by the terrorists and insurgents, who were local businesses, law firms, medical labs and imum psychological damage on the strip’s be- being eliminated effectively and accurately. civil society organizations. Also serving as a cul- sieged population. They were beaten by Al Jazeera,” wrote retired tural and social hub, they were central to the Moreover, by targeting the offices of local and American Lieutenant Colonel Ralph Peters in daily lives of many Gazan youths. international media organizations in Gaza, it the battle’s aftermath. Rather than admitting As a result of the bombings, Gaza lost a key announced to the world that it is now willing the media has the ability to hold powerful mili- piece of its social and, perhaps most crucially, to do everything necessary, including using the taries to account, Peters claimed that Al Jazeera media infrastructure. Israel gave the journalists full force of its military, to stop journalists from and others “lied” about the situation on the working at the al-Jalaa tower just one hour to reporting on its crimes against the Palestinian ground to prevent a US victory. “The media is evacuate their offices, forcing them to abandon people. often referred to off-handedly as a strategic fac-

36 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org tor,” he wrote, “but we still don’t fully appreci- nothing to do with Gaza. Twitter later labelled ing the brutality of Israel’s ongoing assault on ate its fatal power.” the tweet as “manipulated media”. Gaza and its decades-old illegal occupation of As the US did then, Israel today is struggling to Beyond sharing demonstrably “fake news”, the Palestine. combat the growing spread of accurate news Israeli government is also trying to manipulate But, at the same time, Israel’s ability to bomb about its assaults on civilians and violations of the international and domestic public opinion Gaza’s “towers of truth” with impunity should international law. by persistently peddling the false narrative that not leave those who want justice for Palestine Thanks to the efforts of journalists in Palestine Hamas is the aggressor in the conflict, that its feeling hopeless. The growing pluralisation and beyond, as well as millions of Palestinians military is doing everything it can to avoid ci- and democratization of sources of information speaking their truth on social media, the real vilian “casualties”, that it is merely defending mean that Israel cannot win the battle it is wag- story of Palestine is finally being heard across itself against “a terrorist organization”, and that ing on truth. At the end of the day, it can’t si- the world. As a result, not only is global public the current escalation is not a direct result of its lence all of us, all the time. opinion shifting in favour of Palestinians, many illegal occupation. Sultan Barakat is Director of the Centre for Con- international institutions and organizations that The fake videos and information disseminated flict and Humanitarian Studies at the Doha In- had long allowed Israel to control the narratives by the Israeli government have already resulted stitute about the conflict are feeling obligated to speak in many Palestinians and Palestinian citizens of up for Palestine. Israel being attacked by far-right Israeli mobs. On May 17, leading rights group Amnesty Inter- These false narratives are also being used by national condemned Israel’s continuing assault pro-Israel governments across the world to on Gaza, saying that the Israeli military has avoid condemning the demonstrably illegal ac- “displayed a shocking disregard for the lives of tions of their ally. Palestinian civilians by carrying out a number of The international community must take im- airstrikes targeting residential buildings in some mediate action to protect journalists in the cases killing entire families – including children occupied Palestinian Territories and Gaza. The – and causing wanton destruction to civilian important and perilous work journalists do in property, in attacks that may amount to war these conflict zones is the only way of expos- crimes or crimes against humanity”. Amnesty’s damning statement came on the back of a report published by Human Rights Watch in April which asserted that Israel is per- petrating “crimes against humanity of apartheid and persecution” in its treatment of Pales- tinians and the international community must therefore re-evaluate diplomatic relations with the state. Today, Israel is not only trying to stop the spread of accurate information during its assault on Gaza by bombing press offices, but also through a campaign of disinformation. For example, last week, a spokesperson for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu shared a video on Twitter which he claimed showed Hamas firing rockets at Israel “from populated areas”. As the BBC stated, the clip was actually filmed in Syria in 2018 and had www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 37 In Pictures: Palestinian solidarity rallies around the world Large demonstrations around the world in support of Palestine

People participate in a pro-Palestinian rally calling for an end to the Israeli Libyans gather to show solidarity with the people of Palestine after Israel occupation in the Queens borough of New York City, US, after the recent and Hamas reached a ceasefire agreement, in Tripoli, Libya. ceasefire between Israelis and Palestinians.

Somali students chant slogans at the Banadir Gardens during a protest in Members of Islamic organisations and trade unions demand that the un- support of Palestinians in the Hodan district of Mogadishu, Somalia. loading of goods from Israel be halted in the port of Durban, South Africa.

Demonstrators take part in a pro-Palestine protest in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

People gather to show solidarity with the people of Palestine at Dell’unita Supporters of Palestine attend a demonstration in central London, UK Square in Bologna, Italy.

38 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Bilateral Relations Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi’s meeting with the Foreign Minister of Kuwait

oreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi met with the Foreign Minis- Fter and Minister of State for Cabinet Affairs of Kuwait, Sheikh Ahmed Nasser Al-Mohammed Al-Sabah on the sidelines of the Special Meeting of the General As- sembly on Palestine. The two Foreign Ministers expressed deep concern over the deteriorating situation in the occupied Palestinian territories caused by the Israeli aggression against the Pal- estinian people, resulting in the deaths of more than 250 civilians including over 60 children. Underscoring Pakistan’s position, Foreign Minister Qureshi stated that peace in the Middle East can only be achieved through a just settlement of the Palestinian issue based on a viable, independent, and contiguous Palestinian state with pre-1967 borders and Al-Quds Al-Sharif as its capital. Discussing the bilateral relationship, For- diverse fields including food security, agri- ed in shared values and commonality of eign Minister Qureshi stressed the need culture, poultry, livestock, and tourism and interests in multiple areas. for enhanced collaboration on issues of oil exploration. Regular leadership level exchanges provide mutual interest at regional and interna- Pakistan accords high priority to its frater- further impetus to the excellent bilateral tional forums and further cooperation in nal ties with Kuwait, which are firmly root- relations and deepen mutual cooperation. Meeting Foreign Minister Qureshi with the Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia

oreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi tive Committee at Foreign Ministers level on 16 ment against the Palestinians. held a bilateral meeting with Foreign Min- May 2021. He recalled that the Pakistan-Saudi Foreign Minister also reaffirmed Pakistan’s full ister of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, His High- Arabia Joint Statement issued during the visit of support for the legitimate rights of the Pales- F Prime Minister Imran Khan to the Kingdom of tinian people, especially their right to self-de- ness Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud, on the side-lines of the special meeting of the UN Gen- Saudi Arabia, on 8 May 2021, reaffirmed shared termination and establishment of an indepen- eral Assembly being held at the UN headquar- perspectives of the two brotherly countries on dent, viable and contiguous Palestinian state ters to discuss the situation in the Occupied the Palestinian issue. with pre-1967 borders and East Jerusalem as its Palestinian Territory. Foreign Minister Qureshi strongly condemned capital, in accordance with relevant UN and OIC Foreign Minister Qureshi expressed deep grat- Israeli provocations; forcible and illegal evic- resolutions. itude of the people and the Government of tions of Palestinians from their homes; the Matters pertaining to various bilateral aspects Pakistan for the leadership of the Kingdom of onslaught against Palestinian worshippers in of the relations between the two brotherly Saudi Arabia on Palestine issue and for conven- the Holy Al-Aqsa mosque in the month of Ra- countries also came under discussion during ing an Emergency Meeting of the OIC’s Execu- madan; and the indiscriminate aerial bombard- the meeting.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 39 Message

Message of H.E. Mr.Ali Alizada, Ambassador of Azerbaijan on the occasion of the National Day of Azerbaijan his year Azerbaijan celebrates path of development, ensuring stabil- all 30 years of the conflict, Azerbaijan the 103rd anniversary of the es- ity and confidently moving forward. has suffered a lot from Armenian ag- Ttablishment of Azerbaijani Dem- Relying solely on the support of the gression and Azerbaijan has been de- ocratic Republic (ADR), the first dem- Azerbaijani people, H.Aliyev put an livering the truth about this issue at all ocratic republic in the Muslim world, end to all negativity in the country, international events and forums. More with double and special significance, disbanded all illegal armed groups, es- than 30 thousands of Azerbaijanis after the liberation of the internation- tablished safety and order, and began have been martyred, all cities, residen- ally recognized territories from almost building the state institutions and a tial buildings, schools, hospitals, public 30 years of illegal Armenian occupa- regular army of Azerbaijan. All these buildings, historical sites and mosques tion. years Azerbaijani nation lived with one in occupied territories of Azerbaijan The ADR left an indelible mark and en- dream, to liberate the illegaly occupied have been destroyed. tered forever into the history of Azer- territories of Azerbaijan and restore Armenia insulted the entire Mus- baijani nation with its rich state build- peace and justice in the region, which lim world, kept cows and pigs in our ing experience and prepared a good Azerbaijan has seeked almost 30 years mosques, destroyed all cultural mon- basis for the future independence of through all platforms. uments and even plowed up all graves. Azerbaijan. As the successor of ADR, If the creation of ADR, on May 28, 1918 Despite that all leading international Azerbaijan regained its independence was a historic event for Azerbaijani na- organizations recognized and sup- in 1991 and after coming to power tion, the restoration of the territorial ported the territorial integrity of Azer- of Heydar Aliyev, the National Leader integrity of the modern independent baijan and demanded withdrawal of of Azerbaijan in 1993, Azerbaijan has Azerbaijan in 2020 became another Armenian troops from Azerbaijani ter- overcome through the hard and strict glorious historic victory and achieve- ritories, Armenia has always showed tests of history and embarked on the ment for Azerbaijan and its nation. For unconstructive approach to the res-

40 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org olution of the conflict and at the end Azerbaijan. Pakistan even didn’t rec- the provocative steps, statements and ognize Armenia due to occupation of In the last one year aggressive actions of Armenia have put Azerbaijani lands and always put its Covid-19 pandemic an end to all negotiations and made prinsipal position in the conflict be- war inevitable. Under the resolute tween Armenia and Azerbaijan. has caused worldwide command of the Supreme Command- During the years of the occupation slowdown, but even er-in-chief, Azerbaijan has fulfilled its of Azerbaijani territories by Armenia, historic mission and defeated Armenia the Senate and National Assembly of in pandemic time due to professionalism and heroism Pakistan adopted several resolutions, Azerbaijan-Pakistan of victorious Azerbaijan Army, and of Foreign Office and Armed Forces of course due to high national spirit and Paksitan issued many statements con- relations, the political, strengh. Glory to Allah, thanks to the demnig the illegal actions and war military, defence, dedication of our martyrs, Azerbaijan crimes of Armenia against Azerbaijan. has again secured its territorial integ- This is a true demonstration of broth- economy, security, rity. erhood. and energy ties have May Allah grant all our martyrs the Azerbaijan has also always stood and continued to grow in highest rank in Jannah! supported Pakistan in all matters, in- We have achieved our goal. The 44- cluding the Kashmir issue which also upward trajectory day Patriotic war has demonstrated waits implementation of UN SC reso- Azerbaijan’s power, resolve and unity. lutions for several decades. I am sure Soon an official visit of Speaker of Milli It showed that the Azerbaijani people our brotherhood and mutual support Majlis (Parliament) of Azerbaijan to Pa- will never put up with injustice. to each other will be continued and kistan will be conducted, the meeting We must also mention that Azerbaijan strenghened in the years ahead as of the Joint Working Group on Agricul- has liberated its lands through devel- well. ture, the meeting of Intergovernmen- opment, because development is also Pakistan and Azerbaijan have time tal Joint Commision will be arranged, the backbone of our victory, and today, tested relations which based on stra- the visits of Chief of Naval Staff of Azerbaijan is one of the rapidly devel- tegic partnership, confidense, mutual Azerbaijan to Pakistan and the Chief of oping countries of the world, and un- respect and trust. Army Staff of Pakistan to Azerbaijan, as der the leadership of President Ilham In the last one year Covid-19 pandemic well as Azerbaijan, Pakistan and Tur- Aliyev continues its dynamic progress has caused worldwide slowdown, but key joint military exercise will be held and economic growth. even in pandemic time Azerbaijan-Pa- during this year. And soon the liberated territories of kistan relations, the political, military, The efforts for strenghening people Azerbaijan will also become one of the defence, economy, security, and ener- to people contacts, cultural, media, developed regions of Azerbaijan and a gy ties have continued to grow in up- science, education ties have also in- real paradise. ward trajectory. creased and the humanitarian-social We are thankful to our brotherly coun- The leadertship of two countries had projects of the Heydar Aliyev Founda- try Pakistan and its nation which con- a regular constructive meetings and tion of Azerbaijan were also continued stantly stood shoulder to shoulder telephone conversations where they in Pakistan during this pandemic time. with Azerbaijan and supported its right hailed the importance of further The establishment of direct flights re- of self-defence during Patriotic War of strengthening the efforts to boost co- mains also one of our main aims and operation between our countries. the agreement have already reached Despite the restrictions caused by pan- to start operations of direct flights demic we were able to hold bilateral as soon as Covid -19 situation will be We are thankful to political consultations, the meeting of setlled down. our brotherly country Joint Working Group on Trade, online All these developments show the com- bussiness forum, B2B meetings and as mittment of our fraternal nations and Pakistan and its nation well as the trilateral meeeting of FMs Governments to further deepen and which constantly stood of Azerbaijan, Pakistan and Turkey. strengthen our relations. I thank the Government, Army and shoulder to shoulder with During the last year, we were also able to conduct several high level visits of people of brotherly Pakistan for contin- Azerbaijan and supported government and military officials, in- ued cooperation, support and commitment to further deepen our relations. its right of self-defence cluding an official bilateral visit of FM of Azerbaijan to Pakistan, the bilateral Taking this opportunity, I congratulate during Patriotic War of official visits of Chairman Joint Chiefs Azerbaijani community in Pakistan and all my countrymen on the occassion of Azerbaijan of Staff Committee of Pakistan and the Chief of Air Staff of Pakistan to Azerbai- National Day, “May 28- Republic Day of jan, etc. Azerbaijan”. Pakistan-Azerbaijan Dosti Zindabad! www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 41 Bilateral Relations

Pakistan desires good relations with all its neighbors and willing to reciprocate any peace overture

of solidarity with the people of Palestine who are suffering from continuous violence at the hands of Israeli forces. Both dignitaries also exchanged views on the COVID-19 situation in the country. The Minister said that Pakistan Government was undertaking all possible steps to contain the pandemic through timely decisions and effective preventive measures. He said NCOC is spearheading the drive against the Covid-19 Pandemic. He said when COVID-19 surfaced in Pakistan early last year, the country was not producing any protective gear against By Muhammad Bilal Zafar media enjoys unprecedented independence the viral pandemic. But, within 4 to 6 months, in Pakistan as Government firmly believes in U Ambassador H.E Ms. Androulla Kaminara he said, it not only started manufacturing fundamental, democratic and constitutional in a meeting with Chaudhary Fawad protective masks, Kits and quality Ventilators right of freedom of expression. Hussain,Federal Minister for Information but also went on to export these products. E H.E Ms. Androulla Kaminara, appreciated the Talking about peace and development in the and Broadcasting said that HRVP Borell has called a meeting of Foreign Ministers of EU steps taken by the Government of Pakistan to region, Chaudhry Fawad said Pakistan desires member states for May 18,2021 (Tuesday) to protect its people from the pandemic. She also good relations with all its neighbors and willing discuss the situation. She added the meeting appreciated the rise in Pakistan’s exports in to reciprocate any peace overture. “One cannot was convened to coordinate and discuss how spite of COVID-19 pandemic. move ahead if the other side is not ready to act responsibly”, he said. He added we cannot the EU can best contribute to end the current Information Minister also apprised the violence. Information Minister apprised the move forward by ignoring the situation in Ambassador about the approval of two long Kashmir. EU Ambassador also showed keen Ambassador,of Pakistan’s deep concern and awaited bills for protection of Journalists anguish on the deteriorating humanitarian interest in Pakistan’s initiatives in the realm of and media professionals and the Forced climate change, the billion tree tsunami and the situation in Ghaza and said that international Disappearance (Criminal Law Amendment Community had an obligation to help resolve drive for Clean and Green Pakistan.The Minister Bill) and reiterated Government’s resolve to welcomed EUs interest in these initiatives. the situation and facilitate a just solution. He continue to facilitate the growth of free and said that Pakistan has declared Friday as a day responsible media in Pakistan. He said that

42 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org AMBASSADORS OF AZERBAIJAN AND NEPAL CALL ON THE MINISTER FOR ECONOMIC AFFAIRS TO DISCUSS THE ECONOMIC RELATIONS

mbassador of the Republic of Azerbaijan to Pakistan H.E. Ali AAlizada called on the Federal Minister for Economic Affairs Mr. Omar Ayub Khan in his office today. The Azerbaijani Ambassador congratulated him on assumption of the new portfolio of Ministry of Economic Affairs. During the meeting, the two sides discussed the bilateral economic cooperation. H.E. Ali Alizada, Azerbaijani Ambassador emphasized to enhance business to business contacts between the both countries to boost trade and investment opportunities. He highlighted that Pakistani exporters can benefit from exports of goods, especially textile and rice to Azerbaijani market. He also showed the interest of Azerbaijani side to export oil products to Pakistan on agreed to further enhance the mutual including MBBS & Dentistry. He stressed deferred payment basis and construction cooperation on bilateral basis as well as that Nepalese-side should fully utilized the of LNG terminal. The Minister for Economic CAREC platform which will ultimately scholarship programs and Pakistan may Affairs, Mr. Omar Ayub Khan highlighted benefit the entire region to unleash their consider to enhance the admissions for that both the countries has huge potential economic potential. H.E. Tapas Adhikari, Nepalese students. Mr. Omar Ayub Khan, in the areas of trade, investment and Ambassador of the Federal Democratic Minister for Economic Affairs assured the tourism. Republic of Nepal to Pakistan also met Nepalese Ambassador of the Government with Mr. Omar Ayub Khan, Minister for of Pakistan’s all possible support to He expressed that Pakistan has vast Economic Affairs. Both the sides discussed Nepalese people in this difficult time and opportunities for investment in the issues of mutual interest and COVID-19 fighting against COVID-19 pandemic. petrochemical industries, light engineering, situation in the region. agriculture & food processing. He also emphasized on further The Secretary, EAD highlighted that strengthening bilateral economic relations Both the sides also highlighted the Pakistan offers various scholarships to and enhancing trade & investment importance of Central Asia Regional Nepalese students in the field of medical opportunities between the two countries. Economic Cooperation (CAREC) and www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 43 WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY 2021 By Naveed Mushtaq his year’s World Environment Day is being celebrated under the theme of “Ecosys- Ttem Restoration”. The ecosystem restoration is based on various contours: Growing trees, greening cities, rewilding gardens, changing diets or cleaning up rivers and coasts. It means assisting in the recovery of ecosystems that have been degraded or destroyed, as well as protecting the ecosystems that are still in- tact. Healthier ecosystems, with comfortable biodiversity, produces greater benefits such as more fertile lands, more timber and fish pro- Pakistan Navy is determined to celebrate the duction or natural food stocks, further paving day with full zeal and fervor. Pakistan Navy has the way of green revolution. launched various initiatives, such as trees and Launching hallmark initiatives to promote the mangroves plantation campaign, banned use of restoration of ecosystem on real grounds, Pa- polythene bags in naval premises, collection of kistan is hosting the World Environment Day solid waste in harbors and installation of reed of this year, given its huge focus on restoring bed reverse osmosis plants for sewerage water the natural ecosystem, the one conducive to treatment in residential areas. In addition, rele- human life. The Pakistan’s Government also vant government and non-government organi- envisions to restore and augment the country’s zations are also sensitized and their co-opera- forests through 10 Billion Tree Tsunami spread tion solicited in undertaking these environment project will be completed over five years. It cov- protection measures. Furthermore, taking a ers restoring mangroves in marine environment lead from Federal Government’s Green initia- and forests in the heartland in general, as well tives (GI), Pakistan Navy annual tree plantation as planting trees in urban settings; schools, col- campaign has been a leap forward in preserv- leges, public parks and other green belts in par- ing environment. Annual tree Plantation cam- ticular. As the UN has announced this decade paign includes mangrove plantation campaign for ‘ecosystem restoration’, nations are assur- in coastal and creeks areas, reviving of forests in ing to bring 350 million hectares of the world’s Margallah hills and nourishment of green belts deforested and degraded land into restoration. under various seasonal drives and ‘Sur Subz’ This time frame also correspondents with the initiatives. deadline of attaining the UN-led Sustainable Notwithstanding, the sheer richness of bio- Development Goals. diversity also has human benefits. Many new To visualize the high value and the critical mani- medicines are harvested from nature, such as festation the Environment Day entails, Pakistan a fungi that grows on the fur of sloths and can Navy conducts a range of activities, highlighting fight cancer. Wild varieties of domesticated environment as the basic underpinning of ele- animals and crops are also crucial as some will healthy system which contributes to a healthy ments of national power, awakening common have already solved the challenge of, for exam- sustainable planet. In a nutshell, moreover, public along with other major agencies, depart- ple, coping with drought or salty soils. Likewise, the emergence of COVID-19, impacting severe- ments, and main stake-holders. In particular, if money is a measure, the services provided by ly the South Asian region, have underscored the littoral areas of Pakistan are core focus of ecosystems are estimated to be worth trillions the fact that when we destroy ecosystem we Pakistan Navy to make them more resistant to of dollars, double the world’s GDP. The reality destroy the system that supports human life. the environment degradation. Pakistan Navy would always remain that the air we breathe Given these circumstances, it is pertinent to being a major stakeholder has already taken to the food we eat all rely on ecosystems. If highlight and address the issue of ecosystem commendable initiatives and yet again this year undamaged, this produces a finely balanced, degradation and its impact on our lives.

44 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Letter of President Xi Jinping to President Arif Alvi on the 70th years of Establishment of Diplomatic Relation between China and Pakistan

onorable Mr. President, international changes and remain tions. l am ready to work with Your On the occasion of the 70” an- rock-solid, and have become the Excellency to deepen strategic com- Hniversary of the establishment most valuable strategic asset of the munication and pragmatic cooper- of diplomatic relations between the two peoples. ation between the two countries, People‘s Republic of China and the In recent years, with the joint ef- promote the high-quality develop- Islamic Republic of Pakistan, on be- forts of both sides, the construction ment of the CPEC, and work togeth- half of the Government and people of the China-Pakistan Economic er to build a closer China-Pakistan of China, and in my own name, I Corridor (CPEC) has achieved re- Community of Shared Future in the would like to extend warm congrat- markable results, bringing tangi- new era, for the benefit of the two ulations and best wishes to Your ble benefits to the people of both countries and the two peoples. Excellency, and through you to the countries and adding strong impe- Government and people of Paki- tus to the regional prosperity. May l wish Pakistan prosperity and stan. her people happiness. China and Pakistan are all-weath- In the Face of the COVID-19 pan- er strategic cooperative partners demic, China and Pakistan have May the friendship between China that stand firmly by each other on shared weal and woe and Sincerely and Pakistan last forever. issues of core interests and major helped each other, and the ironclad concerns. friendship between the two coun- Xi Jinping The mutual trust and friendship tries has been further sublimated. President between the two countries have I attach great importance to the de- The People’s Republic of China gone through the test of 70 year of velopment of China-Pakistan rela-

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 45 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan

Letter of President Arif Alvi to President Xi Jinping on the 70th years of establishment of diplomatic relation between Pakistan and China

xcellency, gion. Pakistan remains firmly committed to On behalf of the government of Our two governments are closely co- making China-Pakistan Economic corri- EPakistan, and on my own behalf. ordinating to celebrate this year in a dor (CPEC) a High-Quality Demonstra- I wish to felicitate Your Excellency on befitting manner enabling our peo- tion Project of the belt and road imita- the momentous occasion marking ple to truly understand the depth, tive (BRI). 70th anniversary of the establishment the breadth and the vitality of Paki- On this historic occasion, we reaffirm of diplomatic relations between Paki- stan-China ties. our commitment to further elevate Pa- stan and China. kistan-China friendship to new heights Our seven-decade journey has been Excellency, I wish to acknowledge that, and build closer China-Pakistan com- one of greater solidarity, deeper con- under your leadership, Pakistan-China munity of shared future in the new era. fidence, mutual respect, and mutual relationship has become even stron- I avail myself of this opportunity to support. We have been friends in weal ger, vibrant, and secure. convey my best wishes for your Excel- and woe. Collectively we have ren- lency’s good health and happiness and dered incredible sacrifices to preserve We greatly appreciate the invaluable continued progress and prosperity of and promote our goals and values de- support that China extended to us to the people of China. spite formidable challenges. fight COVID_19. Despite constraints, Please accept, Excellency, the assur- Our “All-Weather Strategic Co-opera- China gifted and commercially deliv- ances of my highest consideration. tive Partnership“ has become an an- ered vaccine to us that saved countless chor for peace and stability in the re- precious human lives in Pakistan.

46 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org The Prime Minister congratulated on the special occasion as it marks the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Pakistan and China

rime Minister Imran Khan had a The China-Pakistan Economic COVID vaccine. telephone conversation with the Corridor (CPEC) is a flagship project Chinese Premier Mr. Li Keqiang. of the Belt and Road Initiative and He thanked China for providing P assistance to National Institute of During the call, 70th anniversary has generated economic activity, of establishment of Pakistan-China employment and will further Health (NIH) for establishing vaccine diplomatic ties, bilateral relations and enhance bilateral and regional trade. manufacturing facility in Pakistan vaccine cooperation were discussed. which will further solidify Pakistan’s The year 2021 is a special occasion as efforts to combat COVID-19. The Prime Minister congratulated it marks the 70th anniversary of the Premier Le Keqiang and the Chinese establishment of diplomatic relations Prime Minister also stressed leadership for successful landing of between Pakistan and China. the need to continue with the Chinese spacecraft on Mars, which momentum of high-level exchanges showed rising technological prowess The Prime Minister congratulated to further diversify and deepen of China. the Chinese Premier at the special strategic cooperation between the occasion, which will be celebrated by two countries. Prime Minister Imran Khan both sides in a befitting manner. emphasized that with collective Both leaders reaffirmed their resolve and tireless efforts over the years, The Prime Minister highlighted to further solidify Pakistan-China Pakistan and China had transformed Pakistan-China cooperation in bilateral relations. their relationship into an “All- fighting COVID-19 and deeply Weather Strategic Co-operative appreciated China’s continued Partnership”. support to Pakistan in supply of

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 47 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan Remarks at the Reception in Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations By Ambassador Nong Rong

By Mian Fazal Elahi China, and in my own name, I would n the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, like to extend warm congratulations China and Pakistan have shared weal .E. Dr. Arif Alvi, President of and best wishes to Your Excellency, and woe and sincerely helped each Pakistan, H.E. Mr. Muhammad and through you to the Government other, and the ironclad friendship HSadiq Sanjrani, Chairman of and people of Pakistan. between the two countries has been Senate, H.E. General Nadeem Raza, further sublimated . the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff China and Pakistan are all-weather Committee, strategic cooperative partners that I attach great importance to the stand firmly by each other on issues development of China-Pakistan Ladies and Gentlemen, of core interests and major concerns. relations. I am ready to work with Asalam o Aleekum! Your Excellency to deepen strategic The mutual trust and friendship communication and pragmatic On this special day, first of all, please between the two countries have cooperation between the two allow me to read the congratulatory gone through the test of 70 -year of countries, promote the high-quality message sent by President Xi Jinping international changes and remain development of the CPEC, and work to President Dr. Arif Alvi for the 70th rock-solid, and have become the most together to build a closer China- anniversary of the establishment of valuable strategic asset of the two Pakistan Community of Shared Future diplomatic relations between China peoples. in the new era, for the benefit of the and Pakistan. In recent years, with the joint efforts two countries and the two peoples. “Honorable Mr. President, of both sides, the construction of the May I wish Pakistan prosperity and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor her people happiness. On the occasion of the 70th (CPEC) has achieved remarkable anniversary of the establishment of results, bringing tangible benefits May the friendship between China diplomatic relations between the to the people of both countries and Pakistan last forever. People’s Republic of China and the and adding strong ˈ impetus to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, on behalf regional prosperity. I Xi Jinping, President of the People’s of the Government and people of Republic of China”

48 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Ladies and Gentlemen, the priority in developing foreign maintain peace and strategic stability, relations. promote the development of human The message from President Xi Jinping civilization, and ensure that all carries warmth and strength. And this Thanks to the strategic planning countries enjoy equal development morning, Prime Minister Imran Khan and guidance of the leaders of the environment. also spoke highly of China-Pakistan two countries, the friendly and relations and expressed his respect for pragmatic cooperation between For China, this year marks the 100th President Xi Jinping. Friendly words China and Pakistan has made fruitful anniversary of the founding of the from both sides fully demonstrate the achievements in recent years. As Communist Party of China (CPC). great importance attached by the two the pilot project of the “Belt and The CPC has evolved from a small leaderships to the bilateral relations Road” Initiative, the China-Pakistan party with around 50 members to and point out the way forward! Due Economic Corridor has become an the largest ruling party, with more to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are important platform for all-round than 91 million members. The CPC unable to meet physically, but we cooperation between the two has led the Chinese people on a great are filled with the same joy and best countries. The CPEC has expanded path of rejuvenation of the Chinese wishes for our common cause. On to key areas of Gwadar Port, energy, nation and the progress of human behalf of the Chinese Embassy in transportation infrastructure, civilization. We have scored a historic Pakistan, I would like to express my agriculture, industry, science and victory in the fight against extreme heartfelt gratitude and high respect technology, and social livelihood, poverty and lifted 770 million people to the Honorable President, the covering almost all aspects of out of poverty. We have embarked on parliaments, government, military of Pakistan’s development. Meanwhile, a new journey toward a modernized Pakistan and friends from all walks of the two countries have continuously socialist country and realizing the life for your long-time contributions deepened and expanded cooperation second centenary goal. Pakistan is to this unique friendship! in fields of military, security, culture, progressing under the vision of “Naya education, and so on, which further Pakistan”. We are willing, together As China’s late Premier Zhou Enlai enhanced the foundation of the with Pakistani brothers, to deepen said, the friendly exchanges between bilateral relations. exchanges on governance, match with the people of China and Pakistan development strategies, and realize could be traced back to the dawn of The past seven decades has also been our own visions. history. The Silk Road has brought the journey of mutual assistance us together for over 2,000 years. On in addressing various challenges. Ladies and Gentlemen, 21 May, 1951, the newly founded After the outbreak of COVID-19, the People’s Republic of China and the Chinese and Pakistani governments, In the context of unseen changes Islamic Republic of Pakistan put aside armies and peoples helped each in the world in a century, President ideological differences, broke through other by every mean. We are proud Xi Jinping proposed the vision of the “iron curtain” of the Cold War, that Pakistan is the first country to building a community with a shared and formally established diplomatic receive the vaccine aided by the future for mankind, to build a world relations. Since then, the friendship Chinese government and military, of lasting peace, common security, between China and Pakistan has and are thankful to the assistance shared prosperity, inclusiveness remained rock-solid, regardless provided by Pakistan in conducting and greenness. This vision is China’s how the regional and international phase three clinical trials of vaccines. answer to the challenges and landscapes have evolved. It has grown This kind of cooperation sets an problems facing the world. The recent steadily under the care of our leaders, example of international cooperation outbreak of COVID-19, further shows becoming the role model of state to in addressing the pandemic, and will President Xi’s vision’s importance state relations, with different social continue until we win the battle. and foresight. On the way to build systems, histories and cultures. a community of shared future for As President Xi Jinping points out, mankind, the significance of China- In 2015, President Xi Jinping paid China-Pakistan relations should Pakistan relations is becoming more a historic visit to Pakistan, during become a model of good-neighborly prominent. We are committed to which the bilateral relations was friendship, a pillar to safeguard working with Pakistan to effectively elevated to All-weather Strategic regional peace and stability, and implement the consensus of the Cooperative Partnership. The close a benchmark for “Belt and Road” leaders of the two countries, carry contact between the leaders of our international cooperation. It has forward the good traditions of two countries is incomparable. We been proved that China-Pakistan China-Pakistan relations, deepen can clearly remember that in March friendship and cooperation are not strategic mutual trust and pragmatic 2020, at the critical time when China only in the fundamental interests of cooperation, and jointly work for was fighting against COVID-19, H.E. Dr. the two countries and peoples, but a high quality development of the Arif Alvi, President of Pakistan visited also conducive to regional and global CPEC. We are confident that our joint China to render his firm support, peace, stability and development. efforts will inject new impetus into which is highly appreciated by 1.4 China and Pakistan are committed to China-Pakistan friendship and make billion Chinese people. Pakistan’s building a more just, democratic, and new demonstration to the building of Prime Minister Imran Khan has visited reasonable multi-polar international a community with a shared future for China three times since taking office, order. The two countries hold the same mankind. and held four meetings with President position to maintain the authority of Xi Jinping. It is fair to say that China the multilateral system, safeguard the Chin-Pak Dosti Zindabad! and Pakistan always make each other fairness of the international relations, www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 49 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan China and Pakistan are good brothers and true friends

Interview of H.E. Mr. Nong Rong Ambassador of People’s Republic of China to Pakistan

Q: US President Joe Biden has suggest- are bound to be rejected as they run counter concerns and mutual benefit. It cannot goes ed launching an initiative by the so-called to the trend of the times and the common in the fashion of one side unilaterally raising ‘democratic’ countries to counter China’s aspiration of regional countries. conditions and making lists. China will not Belt and Road initiative. How do you see Q: China-US relations are facing severe tests evade competition if it is needed, but com- this proposal at a time when Western na- as President Joe Biden has taken an extraor- petition should be fair and just and abide by tions are ganging up against China while dinarily tough line with China. How do you market rules, and refrain from setting obsta- fearing its unprecedented growth on the see China’s relation developing with the US cles, abusing power, and depriving others economic front and growing influence in the under Biden? of their legitimate right to development. If international affairs? Interaction between China and the US con- there is still confrontation, China will deal China sticks to develop relations with oth- cerns global peace, stability, development with it calmly and face it fearlessly. We res- er countries based on mutual respect and and prosperity. With challenges in the era olutely resist gross interference in China’s in- equality, win-win cooperation, and is com- of globalization and the post-pandemic era, ternal affairs, and oppose unlawful unilateral mitted to building of a new type of - inter China and the US should have more dia- sanctions imposed on the basis of lies and national relations and a community with a logue and cooperation rather than game and false information. China will not compromise shared future for mankind. CPEC being the confrontation. Both countries should fulfill or retreat, as it sticks to the basic norms of pilot project under the BRI, has made re- obligations and responsibilities as major international relations and stands for the in- markable progress in recent years, contribut- countries. China is willing to respond to the terests of many developing, small and medi- ing significantly to Pakistan’s economy, social expectations of all parties and continue to um-sized countries. China definitely has the development, and connectivity, with great make its own efforts to this end. right to fight back since every country must benefit made to the country and the region. Regarding the arguments of competition, defend national sovereignty and dignity. The suggestion made by the U.S. to band cooperation and confrontation repeatedly Dialogue is better than confrontation, and together democratic countries to fund infra- put forward by the U.S. on its relations with cooperation is better than confrontation. As structure is by no means comparable to the China, China’s position is consistent and President Xi Jinping put it, China will work BRI. It is in essence to pursue confrontation clear. China welcomes dialogue on the basis with the U.S. to uphold the spirit of non-con- between blocs and targeting to the third of equality and mutual respect. China does flict, non-confrontation, mutual respect and country. This initiative is driven by “America not approve of one-upmanship in the world, win-win cooperation, and advance a Chi- First” mentality, which is significantly differ- and does not accept that one country has na-US relationship featuring coordination, ent with BRI serving as public good to benefit the final say in world affairs. China welcomes cooperation and stability. We urge the U.S. to the local people. The U.S. pursuit of Cold War cooperation if there is the need, but cooper- truly respect China’s core interests and take a mentality and confrontation between blocs ation needs to take into account each other’s correct view of China’s development, active-

50 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Career Profile Mr. Nong Rong was born in Septem- ber 1967 in Guangxi Zhuang Auton- omous Region. He obtained degrees of MBA and EMBA, and owns a certif- icate of International Business Engineer. 1991-1996: Staff member, Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Commission, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 1996-2004: Senior Staff Member, Principal Staff Member, Deputy Director and Direc- tor, Foreign Trade and Economic Co- operation Bureau, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region ly respond to the expectations of regional mining Hong Kong’s democracy and the 2004-2005: countries and the international community, freedoms of the Hong Kong residents,and Director, Department of Commerce, work with China to show what a major power breaking China’s international obligations. should be like, and jointly maintain regional What is your comment? Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and world peace, stability and development. Hong Kong is China’s Hong Kong. The well- 2005-2007: Q: Unfortunately, Pakistan has been facing known “one country, two systems”, “one Member of CPC Leading Group and a tense situation on its eastern border for country” is the prerequisite. Hong Kong af- Director of General Office, Guangxi decades due to jingoistic attitude of India, fairs are entirely China’s internal affairs. In International Expo Affairs Bureau. especially under Narendra Modi. India has recent times, in order to achieve the lasting border disputes with China as well. Do you prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, Chi- Assistant to Secretary-General of Chi- think India’s irresponsible attitude is a ma- na has made positive progress in laws and na-Asean Expo Secretariat jor stumbling block in the way of peace and systems in terms of safeguarding national 2007-2013: development in South Asia region? security and ensuring that patriots govern Deputy Director General, Guangxi In- It is the legitimate right for every country to Hong Kong. The improvement of the elector- ternational Expo Affairs Bureau safeguard its own sovereignty and territorial al system is to better reflect the broad and 2013-2015: integrity. Since the founding of PRC, China balanced political participation of Hong Kong has firmly safeguarded its national - sover residents, and to better take into account the Member of Standing Committee, eignty, security and development interests. interests of all classes, sectors, and aspects Deputy Mayor and Deputy Secretary In the meanwhile, China has demarcated of society, which is conducive to improving of CPC Fangchenggang Municipal boundary with 12 of its 14 land neighbors the governance efficiency of the Hong Kong, Committee, the city of Fangcheng- through friendly negotiations, turning land and is conducive to improving Hong Kong’s gang, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous borders into bonds of friendly cooperation. political, social and business environment as The merits of what happened on China-India well as rule of law. Region border are very clear. None of the responsi- We firmly oppose foreign interference in Chi- 2015-2019: bility for tension and confrontation lies with na’s internal affairs, and oppose the distorted Deputy Secretary of CPC Guigang China. We are against any provocations, and interpretation and malicious discredit to the Municipal Committee, Mayor, the hope the other side can take real actions to efforts made by the Central Government of city of Guigang, Guangxi Zhuang Au- restore peace and stability in the border ar- China and the Hong Kong Special Adminis- eas. To resolve border differences peacefully trative Region Government. During the 150- tonomous Region through dialogue is a prerequisite for a coun- plus years of British colonial rule, Hong Kong 2019-2020: try to win the trust of its neighbors and stand residents had suffered much suppression. Secretary of the CPC Group, Ethnic with dignity in the region. This principle ap- There was no human rights or democracy and Religious Affairs Commission plies to all countries. at all. May I ask, during that period, why did of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Q: On March 30, the Standing Committee of Britain and the United States does not pro- Region. Deputy Head of the Unit- the National People’s Congress deliberated pose the issue of human rights and democra- on and adopted the amendments to Annex cy in Hong Kong? Obviously, what they care ed Front Work Department of CPC I and II to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong about is not Hong Kong people. They mere- Committee, Guangxi Zhuang Auton- SAR. Some countries including the UK and ly use the Hong Kong issue as a card, trying omous Region US have accused this move as a breach of to hinder the rapid development of China Mr. Nong Rong is married with a son. the Sino-British Joint Declaration, -under and Hong Kong. The relevant parties should www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 51 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan

stop playing double standards, stop looking with colored glasses, and stop politicizing the Hong Kong issue. We firmly believe that Hong Kong will usher in a brighter future. Q: The United States and some Western countries claim that China’s actions in Xinjiang constitute what they call “genocide”. This has angered the Chinese people. What’s your comment on this? Please intro- duce the social and economic development of Xinjiang in recent years. Allegations of “genocide” and “forced labor” are lies of the century. They were ugly farces directed by a handful of colluding individuals in the political, media and academic fields. These people have never been to Xinjiang. They have no idea what a beautiful place it is and how residents are enjoying their lives. Xinjiang’s Uyghur population more than doubled in the past 40 years. Have they ever seen this kind of genocide? Xinjiang’s development and progress over the years is all-round, supported by facts and data. No country should use this accusation as a political label for rumor-mongering and malicious manipulation. In recent years, Xinjiang has made unprecedented achievements in economic and social development and improvement of people’s livelihood . From 2014 to 2019, the GDP of Xinjiang increased from 919.59 billion yuan to 1.36 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 7.2 percent. The per capita disposable income in Xinjiang increased by an average annual rate of 9.1 percent.People in Xinjiang are living and working in peace and contentment. Today the region has not seen a single violent terrorist case for more than four consecutive years. The legitimate rights and interests of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang have been protected. All ethnic groups have the same legal status and enjoy various rights in accordance with the law, including participation in the management of state affairs, freedom of religious belief, receiving education, using their own languages, and preserving their traditional

52 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org culture. The Pakistani Ambassador to China Moin ul Haque recently paid a visit to Xinjiang. He spoke highly of the all-round development of Xinjiang and was particularly impressed by the development of transportation and agriculture. He visited mosques and got briefing from the Imam. He told the reporting, saying that “the notable and important thing is that there is freedom of religion in China, and it is enshrined in the Constitution of China. He criticized the propaganda made by the outsiders against Xinjiang. We sincerely welcome people from various sectors in foreign countries to visit Xinjiang and see the beautiful scenery, people’s happy life and the region’s economic development. Rumors cannot spread when people are truly well-informed. Justice will always prevail. Q: The third wave of the pandemic in Pa- kistan keep spreading, and vaccines play a key role in helping Pakistan fight the epidemic. What kind of vaccine cooperation has China and Pakistan carried out? How do you evaluate the significance of the vaccine cooperation between the two parties? China and Pakistan are good brothers and true friends. In the face of the sudden outbreak of the COVID,China and Pakistan have been helping each other by every mean. China has always regarded Pakistan as pri- next step, China will provide assistance with- and control, which was termed as “a miracle” ority for anti-pandemic cooperation and has in its capacity for Pakistan’s vaccination plan, from the praise made by the International provided Pakistan with a large amount of continue to deepen cooperation in vaccine Olympic Committee president Thomas Bach. material and financial assistance. China will supply and phase III clinical trials, to help China is well-known for its ability to host big continue to provide support within its capac- Pakistan overcome the pandemic at an early events. The international community has ity for Pakistan’s fight against the COVID. Pa- date and build a China-Pakistan health com- great expectation and good confidence in kistan is the first country to receive vaccine munity. the success of the Beijing Winter Olympics, aid from Chinese government and military. Q: At present, there are less than 300 days which is of special significance for strength- China has provided 2 million doses of vaccine left before the Beijing Winter Olympics. ening cultural exchanges and mutual learn- to Pakistan, and the Chinese military will pro- What is the current progress of prepara- ing among civilizations. vide an additional 250,000 doses of Cansino tions? Is it affected by the new crown epi- We firmly oppose the attempts to politicize vaccine. At the same time, we will also start demic? Please tell us more details. the Olympic Games out of political motiva- vaccine production cooperation with Paki- The 2008 Beijing Olympics was a complete tions. We are willing to strengthen exchanges stan and set up a plant to subpackage stoste success, which received strong support and and cooperation with Pakistan and warmly of the vaccine in Pakistan. This will effectively active participation from Pakistan. Today, the welcome Pakistani athletes to participate in help Pakistan improve its vaccine self-supply Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games has en- the Beijing Olympics. capacity and further reduce its price. tered the sprint phase, and all preparations Courtesy by Daily times, Source: pk.chinese- China will continue to regard Pakistan as its are progressing smoothly, especially the de- embassy.org top priority for vaccine cooperation. In the ployment of COVID-19 pandemic prevention www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 53 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan High Level Exchanges

Special Feature Report by Mian Fazal Elahi on the occasion of Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Pakistan-China Diplomatic Relations

uring the mid of March, Pakistani including the one on the establishment of the challenge of the epidemic. State Council and President Dr. Arif Alvi paid his first state working groups of science and technology, the Foreign Minister Wang Yi called the Foreign Dvisit of China. Given the intensity of the agriculture under the CPEC framework. Since Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi on April strength of Pakistan and China relationship and the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, President 15th. Both Foreign Ministers attended a video their finest tradition of standing by each other Xi had a telephonic conversation with the PM conference of foreign ministers of Shanghai through thick and thin, especially during tough Imran Khan on February 20th to discuss about Cooperation Organization (SCO) on May 13th. times, President Dr. Arif Alvi’s first visit to Beijing the bilateral cooperation to uniformly address was clearly an example of Pakistan’s solidarity with its “iron brother”. The visit was undertaken at the time when China was trapped in a grieved crisis of battling with COVID-19. During this visit, Dr. Arif Alvi met with the China’s President Xi Jinping, Premier Li Keqiang and Chairman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee, Li Zhanshu. The two sides agreed to further strengthen China- Pakistan All –Weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership aimed at building a Community of Shared Future in the New Era. Both sides reaffirmed their support on problems concerning each other’s core national interests. A joint statement was issued post visit. Both Presidents signed multiple agreements/MoUs,

54 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Promoting High-Quality Development of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor The CPEC is a major project of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It has succeeded in the development of Gwadar Port, energy sector, infrastructure, Special Economic Zones (SEZs) over the past six years. Since the beginning of this year, both of the countries have worked hand in hand to combat the challenge of the COVID-19 for the sustainable development of the CPEC. There is ZERO infection in CPEC projects due to strict measures taken by both of the sides. Joint working groups on energy, agriculture, social and economic cooperation, science and technology, have each progressed via video conferencing to review the progress. Phase 2 of KaraKorum Highway is almost ready to allow the traffic surge. The integrated test and commissioning inspection for Lahore Orange Line Project have been successfully completed and passed. The construction of a new airport in Gwadar approaches Phase 2 as well. The construction of Karot Hydra power station is readily under progress. The two countries continued to have a discussion on ML-1. Pakistan government has allow permitted transit trade of bulk Afghan cargo which includes wheat, sugar, and fertilizer via Gwadar Port. The construction and operation of CPEC projects will give a fresh start to Pakistan’s economy and help to stabilize Pakistan’s economy amid the COVID-19 outbreak.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 55 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan

China-Pakistan: A journey of friendship (1950-2020)

By Zamir Ahmed Awan first non-communist country airline to fly • 2001 China and Pakistan sign agreement from Beijing, entering into a new era of on Tourism Cooperation, opening unlimited akistan and China established linkages between the two countries. Pakistan opportunities in the development of the diplomatic relations on May 21, 1951. was the window for China to interact with tourism industry. The first high-level official delegation the rest of world. P • 2003 Preferential Trade Agreement is visited China just after three months of • 1965 Agreement on Cultural Cooperation signed between the two countries, providing liberation, on January 4, 1950. But the bonds signed, promoting understanding and market access to Pakistani exports. of friendship have gone back to centuries-old harmony. trade relations, when Chinese traders travel • 2005 Bilateral MoU on Cooperation in through Pakistan on their business trips to • 1970 Pakistan facilitates first visit by US Information Technology is concluded, with the Middle-East, Europe, and the rest of the President Nixon to China, paving way for the China leading and providing Pakistan with world through ancient Silk Route. Over 2,000 first-ever US-China official contact, leading a huge opportunity to learn from Chinese years ago famous figures such as the monks toward the normalization of Sino-American achievements. Fa Xian and Xuan Zang traveled through relations. areas which are today known as Pakistan. • 2005 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visits • 1976 Agreement on Scientific and Pakistan. This relationship was built on the strength Cultural Cooperation signed, opening huge • 2005 “Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, of successive achievements and becomes opportunities for Pakistani scientists and and Good Neighborly Relations” is signed formidable with each passing day and year. students. The leadership of both countries is committed between the two countries, further to taking this relationship forward. • 1978 The Karakoram Highway, a cementing ties of friendship. construction miracle, linking mountainous • 2006 Chinese President Hu Jintao pays an To understand the depth of this unique Northern Pakistan with Western China official visit to Pakistan. relationship, here is a glimpse of the officially opened, linking China to the Arabian milestones reached over the years: Ocean. • 2006 China and Pakistan sign Free Trade Agreement, leading toward enhanced • 1950 - Pakistan becomes the third non- • 1983 Pakistan and China sign MoU on exports to China. communist country, and the first Muslim Educational Exchanges, which led 32,000 one, to recognize the People’s Republic of Pakistani student studying in China today. • 2008 Pakistan welcomes the Chinese China and dispatched a high level delegation Olympic Torch in Islamabad to China on January 4, 1950. • 1989 The two countries sign an agreement on Reciprocal Encouragement and Protection • 2010 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visits • 1951 The two countries established formal of Investments. China is the largest investor Pakistan. diplomatic relations on May 21, 1951. in Pakistan. • 2010 JF-17 inducted in Pakistan Air Force • 1955 Visit of Vice President Madam Song • 1995 Agreement for Traffic in Transit as backbone of our Air Force and already Ching Ling to Pakistan marked the first high is signed between the Governments of exporting to other countries. level visit from Chinese side. Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, opening avenues of transit trade with other • 2013 Premier Li Keqiang visits Pakistan in • 1956 Visit of Prime Minister H.S. central Asian states and whole of Eurasia. May and both sides issue a Joint Statement Suhrawardy to China, was the first high level on Deepening Comprehensive Strategic visit from Pakistan. • 1995 Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto visits Cooperation, which became the basis of China as a special guest to attend the 4th • 1963 Historic Visit of Foreign Minister CPEC. Women’s Conference in Beijing, bring the Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to China women of the two friendly nations close to • 2013 Pakistan and China sign the • 1963 Pakistan and China conclude each other. landmark Memorandum of Understanding boundary agreement through peaceful on Cooperation for the Long-term Plan on • 1999 The contract to jointly develop and negotiations. Pakistan is the only and most China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, a flagship produce the JF-17 was signed, a landmark friendly country in the neighborhood who project of Chinese mega initiative in the BRI. event for Pakistan’s defense Industry. has never had any difference of opinion or • 2013 Pakistan awards a contract fo the border dispute with China. • 2001 Premier Zhu Rongji visits Pakistan on construction and operation of the Gwadar the occasion of 50 years of the establishment • 1964 Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) Port to China. Gwadar will become the of Diplomatic Relations. started its flights to Beijing, becoming the economic hub of world trade and economic

56 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org activities after its completion in 2030. the First China International Import Expo • 2013 Prime Minister Mohammad Nawaz (CIIE) in Shanghai. A leading initiative of Sharif visits China and both sides agree to China for opening its markets to Pakistani the Common Vision for Deepening China- products. Pakistan Strategic Cooperative Partnership in • 2018 Groundbreaking of Rashakai Special the New Era Economic Zone. • 2013 Both countries sign Memorandum • 2018 Pakistan launches Remote Sensing of Understanding on the Cooperation Satellite-1 (PRSS-1) from China’s Jiuquan of Developing China-Pakistan Economic Satellite Centre, enabling Pakistan to the Corridor Long-term Plan and Actions, opening membership of prestigious Space Club. the flow of Chinese FDI and investment into Pakistan. • 2019 Groundbreaking of Allama Iqbal Industrial City (M3), Faisalabad Special • 2014 The governments of Pakistan and Economic Zone. China agree on the construction of the 27 km Orange Line metro train project in Punjab. • 2019 Prime Minister Imran Khan visits China to attend the Second Belt and Road • 2015 The two countries celebrate 2015 as Forum for International Cooperation. the Year of Friendly Exchanges 2015 - Trade between the two countries reaches US $16 • 2019 JWG （Joint Working Group）on billion. International Coordination and Cooperation launched. • 2015 Chinese President Xi Jinping undertakes a landmark visit to Pakistan, • 2019 Visit of Chinese Vice President to both countries signed over 50 documents Pakistan in May. including the agreement on CPEC outlining • 2019 The two sides celebrate 2019 as the projects worth USD 46 billion. The pledged year of sister-city / province, China-Pakistan investment already raised USD 62 billion. shares several MoUs signed as sister cities or • 2016 The two countries celebrate the provinces. 65th anniversary of the establishment of • 2019 Pakistan hosts the Third China- diplomatic relations. Afghanistan-Pakistan Trilateral Foreign • 2016 China-Pakistan unveils the Long- Ministers Dialogue in Islamabad, a term Plan of China-Pakistan Economic breakthrough in diplomacy toward resolving Corridor (CPEC), paving the ways for further the Afghan crisis. cooperation and collaboration. • 2019 Visit of Prime Minister Imran Khan to • 2017 Prime Minister Muhammad Nawaz China in October. Sharif attends the Belt and Road Forum for • 2019 CPEC Authority has been set-up to International Cooperation in Beijing. coordinate and monitor progress on CPEC • 2018 Prime Minister Imran Khan pays a Projects historic visit to China and both sides agree • 2019 A CPEC Cell was also established in • 2020 Visit of the President Alvi to China in to further strengthen the All-Weather the Prime Minister’s Office. March 2020. MOUs signed including MOU to Strategic Cooperative Partnership and jointly established JWGs on Science & Technology build Closer China-Pakistan Community of a • 2019 9th JCC took place in Islamabad in and Agricultural Cooperation November. Shared Future in the New Era. Pakistan and China have enjoyed close and • 2018 CPEC enters in its Second Phase, • 2020 CPFTA-II became operational from 1st friendly relations since the establishment of focused on social-economic development of January, whereas Pakistan may enjoy better diplomatic relations on May 21, 1951. Over Pakistan on a faster pace. access to the Chinese market. the years, the relationship has blossomed into an “All-Weather Strategic Cooperative • 2020 Extensive bilateral coordination in the • 2018 Phase-II of the China-Pakistan Free Partnership”, with the CPEC at its core. wake of the Coronavirus pandemic; China Trade Agreement was signed, facilitating Pakistan considers China as one of its closest is the major contributor who extended the Pakistani exports. friends and partners and China considers largest amount of assistance to Pakistan in Pakistan as its “Iron Brother”. • 2018 Prime Minister Imran Khan attends fighting the outbreak. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 57 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan

Wang Yi Attends the Launch Ceremony in Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of China-Pakistan Diplomatic Relations

tate Councilor and Foreign Minister committed to mutual benefit and win-win Wang Yi attended the launch ceremony cooperation, steadily push forward the CPEC in celebration of the 70th anniversary and forge new cooperation highlights, so as S to make China-Pakistan cooperation deliver of China-Pakistan diplomatic relations with Pakistani Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood greater benefits to the two peoples. The Qureshi via video link in Beijing and delivered two sides should pass our friendship onto a speech. future generations and encourage the two peoples, especially the younger generation, Wang Yi said that China and Pakistan enjoy to participate more actively in the friendly a lasting bond of friendship. In the past 70 exchanges between the two countries, in a bid years since the establishment of diplomatic to increase mutual understanding and affinity ties between the two countries, thanks between our two peoples and strengthen the to the commitment of generations of our new forces to carry forward China-Pakistan leaders, China and Pakistan shared weal friendship. The two sides should practice and woe and sincerely helped each other, multilateralism and make new contributions and thus built all-round cooperation and to the settlement of regional hot spot all-weather friendship. Great strides are issues, to international cooperation against being made in the construction of the China- terrorism, and to the building of a community Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and the with a shared future for mankind. concept of a China-Pakistan community with deepen political mutual trust and continue Shah Mahmood Qureshi spoke highly of a shared future is deeply rooted. The “iron to firmly support each other on issues of China’s development achievements and the brotherhood” between China and Pakistan respective core interests and major concerns, fruitful cooperation between Pakistan and has become a vivid reflection of genuine enhance communication and coordination China. He said that China has created a miracle friendship between the two peoples. on issues of strategic importance, and of economic and social development by stand shoulder to shoulder in response to Wang Yi said that China and Pakistan should lifting over 800 million people out of poverty, international and regional changes as well as take this 70th anniversary as an opportunity which is an unprecedented and extraordinary various risks and challenges. to initiate higher-quality, more extensive, and achievement in human history. The past deeper cooperation. The two sides should Wang Yi said that the two sides should remain

58 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org 70 years have witnessed closer strategic and political collaboration and deepening practical cooperation and cultural exchanges between the two countries. The Pakistan- China all-weather strategic cooperative partnership has become the cornerstone of regional peace, stability and development. Pakistan firmly adheres to the one-China principle, resolutely supports the Belt and Road Initiative, and strongly believes that the CPEC will become an exemplary project of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. After the speech, the two foreign ministers jointly unveiled the logo of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of China-Pakistan diplomatic relations. Before the launch ceremony, Wang Yi and Pakistani Ambassador to China Moin ul Haque visited the photo exhibition commemorating the 70th anniversary of China-Pakistan diplomatic ties. Relevant government and local officials and business heads from both sides also attended the launch ceremony.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 59 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China & Pakistan Pakistan and China: 70 Years of Friendship here is a popular Chinese saying that “A journey of 1000 miles begin with Tthe first step”. The first step in Paki- stan-China relations was taken with the establishment of diplomatic relations on May 21, 1951, 70 years ago. Since that period, this has been a journey of a unique relationship which has developed into a brotherly bond of all-weather friendship between “Iron Brothers” reinforced by mutuality of interests and common values. Pakistan and China have stood by each other since the past five decades, and both countries protect and promote each other’s ‘core interests’. What are China’s core interests? These can be summed up as: • Unity and territorial integrity of China (unlike India, Pakistan had already signed a bordering agreement with China in March 1963, and currently, there is no border issue between the two countries); • Primacy of the Communist Party of Chi- na, given its pivotal role in providing conti- nuity and stability within the country; • The peaceful rise and development of China, which Pakistan sees as a source of strength for small and medium Asian countries, given China’s track record of standing by the Third World countries; • Issues like Taiwan, Tibet, Xinjiang, Hong Kong and South China Sea where Pakistan stands by China in all respects, as well as the common interest in the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). What are Pakistan’s core interests which China has always helped protect? These can be summed up as: • Territorial integrity, unity, dignity and national independence of Pakistan; • Pakistan’s successful role in the inland war against terrorism and extremism, where China accepts Pakistan’s narrative as the biggest victim of terrorism; • Pakistan’s right to develop an indige- nous defence capability, including nuclear weapons; • Protecting Pakistan against threats of bullying, hegemonism and isolation, from India and others in the West; • Pakistan’s quest to seek a peaceful and prosperous future for its people via regional connectivity under the framework of BRI, with CPEC as its main pillar. China always supports Pakistan in the UN Secu- rity Council, G-20, FATF and the Nuclear

60 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Suppliers Group (NSG); ruary 6, 2021, aptly put it that “the debt which is still being discussed and debat- • Support for the Kashmir cause and Af- trap narrative is just that: a lie, and a pow- ed, an annual allocation of $570 million ghanistan peace process. erful one.” will be made, basically for propaganda Today, CPEC is also an important pillar of Secondly, there are concerns regarding against China and to malign the BRI. In the resilient and robust Pakistan-China re- security of CPEC projects and personnel other words, this new law, if passed by the lationship that is rightly considered unique given the volatile situation existing in -cer American Congress, would be a recipe for as an “all-weather friendship” between tain parts of Pakistan like Balochistan and a new Cold War. the two neighbours. Mutuality of inter- Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, due to the fall out of Hence, the centrality of Pakistan-China re- ests, absence of friction and a congruent the Afghan conflict next door. A Special Se- lations in the changing regional and glob- worldview have influenced what is truly a curity Division (SSD) of the Pakistan Army al context, where mutual ties need to be unique relationship in the annals of inter- has been established which monitors the reinforced. These ties are strengthened national relations. However, CPEC is not security of CPEC projects from Gwadar by the bond between the people of Paki- just brick and mortar, it is also, as the Paki- to Gilgit, ensuring these are fully protect- stan and China. At the core of CPEC lies its stan-China Institute gave the 3C vision for ed and potential threats thwarted. In the centrality to the Pakistan-China strategic CPEC six years ago about “Corridors, Cul- wake of the exposure by the EU DisinfoLab partnership which remains a unique and ture and Connectivity”. Today, 25,000 Pa- of India’s sustained propaganda campaign resilient friction-free relationship that has kistanis are learning Chinese language and against Pakistan, which is part of India’s remained robust and strong for nearby 60 28,000 Pakistanis students are now study- hybrid war as documented in the Dossier years. After the Indian annexation of Occu- ing in China. Contrary to the propaganda on India’s state terrorism, issued by the pied Kashmir, and the ensuing India-China peddled by Western interests, the number Foreign Office last November. India is not conflict, China is now a de facto party to of Chinese working on different projects just pumping in millions of dollars to ma- the Kashmir dispute. US efforts to build in Pakistan is still quite modest. There are lign CPEC and Pakistan-China Relations, up India as a counterweight to China have about 15000 Chinese experts, engineers but 87 RAW-organised training camps now brought Pakistan-China closer together, and technicians working on CPEC projects exist, 66 in Afghanistan and 21 in India, to given their mutuality of interests. In fact, in Pakistan. So far, $25 billion have been foment cross-border-terrorism to destabi- the ‘China factor’ is the principal motiva- pumped in by China as investment in var- lise Pakistan. tion in India’s U-turn on talking to Pakistan, ious CPEC projects in Pakistan, with about Finally, there are challenges at the Paki- which came after a military thrashing given 75000 Pakistanis gainfully employed in stani end on how to take CPEC forward by the People’s Liberation Army to the In- these projects. given bureaucratic red tape, a sluggish ab- dian Army in May 2020 and January 2021. As CPEC enters its second phase in 2021, sence of coordination among government Apart from CPEC, whether it is the Coro- what are the major challenges it faces? departments. An organised and sustained navirus pandemic, Pulwama Crisis, Mo- First, the systematic disinformation against government media strategy and a com- di’s annexation of Kashmir, FATF or taking CPEC, particularly the ‘debt trap’ theory, prehensive approach of promoting CPEC Kashmir to the UN Security Council, it is seeks to malign the BRI and undermine Pa- through political ownership in a transpar- China that has stood firm like a rock with kistan-China relations. The United States ent manner, is still missing. Pakistan during these difficult moments. has joined India in publicly opposing CPEC The geopolitical scenario is rapidly chang- With CPEC as its core, this strong relation- because of its broader geopolitical tussle ing. Despite the change of administration ship was aptly summed up by the Chinese with China. A recent article in the US mag- in the United States, there is no letup in Foreign Minister Wang Yi: “No matter how azine, ‘The Atlantic’, written by 2 Ameri- the propaganda campaign against China things change in the world and the region, can professors effectively demolished the and the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). In fact, China will firmly support Pakistan in up- arguments peddled by American official- a special anti-China bill has been tabled in holding its sovereignty, independence and dom. The article “The Chinese ‘Debt Trap’ the American Congress on April 15, 2021, territorial integrity and dignity”. is a Myth” written by Prof. Deboram Brau- which is being termed as “The Strategic tigam and Prof. Meg Rithmire, dated Feb- Competition Act”. Under terms of this bill, www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 61 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Pakistan-China Diplomatic Relations

In early 1956, Geng Biao was appointed as the ambassador to Pakistan

A strong and visionary man behind Pakistan-China friendship

akistan and China are the closest of between the two countries and continues till the State Council, in charge of foreign relations, friends. They are strategic partners, in war date. Both armies developed soon a strategic military industry, civil airlines and tourism. Pand peace alike. Sino-Pakistan friendship understanding and frequent exchanges at various In January 1979, he became the Secretary- is globally seen as a role model for nations to levels further cemented the two nations closer. general and member of Standing Committee learn from. China and Pakistan are now involved of CPC’s Central Military Commission. In 1981, After the meeting Chairman Mao asked in the construction of a multi-billion dollar he became the Minister of National Defence, Ambassador Geng to stay and discussed about project known as the “China-Pakistan Economic and became State Councilor the following year. a possibility of opening a new route to from Corridor” (CPEC). The aim is to harmonize Chinese western borders into Pakistan. He told In 1983, he became Vice Chairman of the the development and further strengthen the Geng “This is your new task”. The Idea was very Standing Committee of the National People’s existing ties. This story of robust cooperation well perceived in Pakistan and eventually led Congress, and Chairman of Foreign Relation and trust however goes back to the 1950s. to the construction of the Karakoram Highway Committee in PNC.Geng Biao was a military It is widely observed Sino-Pakistan (KKH). We can say that CPEC is a modern day genius, a great diplomat, a strategist and relationships owns to men and women in both re-incarnation of the decades old idea. Chinese above all a kind father too. He left two sons countries, who worked selflessly to nurture President Xi Jinping was the staff-officer of and two daughters. Unfortunately one of his this relationship. Some of them will always Geng Biao. While on his first trip to Pakistan, son died and the other one is doing business remain unknown while a few can be identified President Xi said:”Although this is my first trip now a days. His eldest daughter Geng Ying easily. Among these great personalities, to Pakistan but I already know a lot about is heading an NGO and actively working General Geng Biao is a record of history. Pakistan from my former boss-mentorGeng in Pak-China Friendship Association, while Biao.” So it is very likely that Geng Biao’s the younger one Geng Yan is a prominent Geng Biao the fiery general from the army work regarding opening up road linkages researcher and head of “The Silk Route Fund”. was summoned by Chairman Mao. He was between the two countries had also influenced She has keen interest in the well-being of asked to relinquish his diplomatic assignment President Xi’s One Belt, One Road policy. Pakistan and pro-actively supports CPEC. at Sweden and reach Pakistan as new Chinese ambassador to Pakistan. He although very While President Xi was staff officer to In 1950s, the US and allies imposed sanctions unfamiliar with his new appointment readily General Geng, he learned a lot about on China and placed economic blockade on accepted and promised to fulfill his new tasks Pakistan and developed his vision about China. Pakistan was only country providing in his new capacity as a challenge.Geng Biao is the strategic importance of Pakistan- linkage between China and rest of the the chief architect of Pakistan-China relations. China friendship. He was very good officer world. Pakistan was termed “Window” for He was born on August 26, 1909 in Liling a and excellent student and learner too. China to interact with the rest of world. small county in Hunan Province. He started He was also looked after the Mrs Geng Biao and It was the vision of Chairman Mao and General from very humble beginnings, he used to work enjoyed a family like working environment. He Geng Biao to connect China with Pakistan with in a lead-zinc mine in Shuishikou, and later on was emotionally attached to General Gengand Karakorum Highway to access the Arabian he joined the Communist Party of China (CPC). his family. At the death time of General Geng, Ocean, as alternative route for China in case of Before being posted to Pakistan in 1956, he President Xi was serving in Fujian province as tension in Pacific Ocean. CPEC is an alternate served as the Chinese ambassador to Sweden. governor. He was shocked with this news and to Pacific Ocean in case of emergencies. It is But the visionary decision of Chairman Mao travelled to Beijing to complete all rituals of his time to speed up CPEC and full-fill the dream of to assign him to Pakistan proved right and funeral. great leader Chairman Mao and General Geng. just in-time when General Ayub Khan was ruling Pakistan. Geng Biao was indeed the Ambassador Geng Biao after returning Today, when we see tension in Pacific Ocean, we right choice to be posted to Pakistan. He had a from his diplomatic duties abroad, was concludes, his visionary approach was absolutely long military career, a trait very well respected made in charge of the CPC’s Central Foreign right. Long Lives China-Pakistan Friendship. among Pakistan’s military leaders and due Communication Department. Geng Biao with The author is Prof. Engr. Zamir Ahmed Awan, to this and his new found diplomatic skills, his exceptional talents and vast experience Sinologist (ex-Diplomat), Editor, Analyst, Non- and he got a very close working relation with in military and diplomatic affairs proved Resident Fellow of CCG (Center for China and President Ayub Khan and the Pakistan Army. to be a man of great promise in Beijing. Globalization), National University of Sciences This served well as the basis of relationship In 1978, he was appointed as vice-premier of and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.

62 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org th Years of friendship, & counting

By H.E. Nong Rong, the second wave of the pandemic, the for Pakistan’s exports to China, strive Chinese Ambassador to Pakistan Chinese government and the Chinese military to narrow the trade deficit, and seek each donated 500,000 vaccine doses to balanced development of bilateral trade. Pakistan. Pakistan was the first country to his year marks the 70th anniversary Both sides should join hands to address security receive COVID-19 vaccines donations from of the establishment of diplomatic risks. The security interests of China and both the Chinese government and military. Trelations between China and Pakistan. Pakistan are closely related. The two countries Chinese State Councilor and Foreign The past 70 years has proved that China- have continuously deepened cooperation Minister Wang Yi and Pakistani Foreign Pakistan friendship and cooperation are in fields such as defense, security and anti- Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi attended not only in the fundamental interests of terrorism, making great contributions to a virtual ceremony on March 2 to formally the two countries and peoples, but also regional and international peace and stability. commence the anniversary celebrations. conducive to maintaining regional and China will continue to support Pakistan’s counter- world peace, stability and development. China-Pakistan ties have developed into an terrorism efforts by helping the country improve outstanding model of relations between The two sides should continue its anti-terrorism and security capabilities and countries with different social systems, histories to firmly support each other. ability to better address non-traditional security and cultures over the past seven decades. threats. China will also provide reliable security China will continue to develop its relations guarantees for economic cooperation and Since diplomatic relations were officially with Pakistan from a strategic and long-term mutual development between the two countries. established in 1951, the friendship between perspective, and give Pakistan priority in the two countries has remained rock-solid no diplomacy. China will never forget Pakistan was China will build a bridge of friendship and matter how the regional and international one of the first countries to recognize the People’s partnership between the two peoples. The landscapes have evolved. They have always Republic of China, and was among the countries cooperation in the fields of art, broadcasting, supported each other on issues involving backing China’s efforts in restoring its lawful film and television, publishing and sports is their respective core interests and major seat in the United Nations, and provide valuable progressing well. A series of activities, such concerns, and forged an ironclad bond. assistance in China’s reform and opening-up. as the Year of Friendly Exchanges between Pakistan and China in 2015, and the Year It is under the careful cultivation of the leaders The Chinese side will maintain high-level of Sister-City Exchanges in 2019, have all of the two countries that the friendship between exchanges with Pakistan, always support contributed to people-to-people exchanges. China and Pakistan has grown into a towering Pakistan in safeguarding its national tree with vitality and deep roots. President Xi sovereignty and territorial integrity, and More and more Pakistani students are studying Jinping made a historic visit to Pakistan in 2015, help it play a more constructive role in China, and many of them have become promoting bilateral relations to the level of All- in international and regional affairs. the backbone of China-Pakistan friendship. weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership. Both countries will host more wonderful and Since the CPEC was launched, China has Pakistan’s Prime Minister Imran Khan has various cultural exchanges, strengthen ties at become Pakistan’s largest trading partner for visited China three times since taking office, the levels of provinces and cities, continue to six consecutive years and its largest source and has held four meetings with President support cooperation in higher education, and of investment for seven consecutive years. Xi, fully demonstrates that the Pakistani boost cultural and people-to-people exchanges. government has put China at its foremost and The CPEC has brought $25.4 billion in direct central position in developing foreign relations. investment to Pakistan and created 75,000 jobs This year is a milestone for both sides. For China, for the country at its peak. It is a demonstration it marks the 100th anniversary of the founding During China’s fight against the COVID-19 at of high quality development under the of the Communist Party of China and is the first the beginning of 2020, Pakistan immediately framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. year of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021- donated medical materials to China, and 25). For Pakistan, the country is making every China will continue to further develop the all walks of life in the country voiced their effort to develop its economy and realize Prime economic corridor linking the two countries, support for China and opposed politicizing Minister Imran Khan’s vision of “Naya Pakistan”, vigorously support Pakistan’s industrialization, the pandemic and stigmatizing China. which provides the two countries with new help increase employment and expand opportunities to promote their cooperation. When COVID-19 cases surged in Pakistan, exports, and accelerate its integration groups of Chinese medical experts as well into the international industrial chain. It is believed that with the joint efforts of the two as batches of medical supplies have been sides, the China-Pakistan All-weather Strategic As the protocol of the second phase of the sent to assist the country. The China- Cooperative Partnership will surely reach a new China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement has Pakistan Economic Corridor is proceeding height, and forge ahead in building a China- come into effect, the trade liberalization uninterruptedly, with no jobs cut and no staffs Pakistan community with a shared future. withdrawn, which has helped stabilize Pakistan’s between the two countries has been greatly economy and promoted people’s livelihoods. improved, and China stands ready to deepen The author is the Chinese ambassador to economic and trade cooperation with Pakistan. Pakistan. The author contributed this article to In order to support Pakistan’s fight against China Watch, a think tank powered by China Daily. China will provide greater convenience www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 63 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Pakistan-China Diplomatic Relations SEVENTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMTIC RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND CHINA

By H.E. Mr. Salman Bashir, na relations. in global and regional situation beckons us to Former Foreign Secretary and Ambassador On this occassion, we pay a rich tribute to the further deepen our consultations and coordina- wish to thank the Diplomatic Focus for pub- leadership of our two countries and many dis- tion in all domains with a view to meeting any lishing a special supplement to commemo- tinguished diplomats on both sides for their and all challenges together. rate the 70 th anniversary of establishment exceptional commitment to shaping over these The legendary wisdom of the Chinese people I years a model relationship, which has grown in and their precious civilizational heritage holds of diplomatic relations between Pakistan and China. strength every passing day. immense promise of solutions to contemporary It is a privilege and an honor to contribute my Friendship between Pakistan and China is problems confronting mankind. Chinese diplo- thoughts on this momentous occasion. I had unique with no parallels. Sincerity, mutual macy is a sterling example of graceful conduct. the good fortune to work for the consolida- trust, and genuine care and affection are its China’s contribution to promoting peaceful co- tion of Pakistan-China relations during my long hall marks. No theory of international relations operation and building a community of shared years at the Pakistan Foreign Ministry and par- could quantify or explain this relationship. destiny is not only valuable but offers asign ticularly as Ambassador to China from 2005 to post for mankind’s endeavors in the present 2008 and as Foreign Secretary 2008 to 2012. The founding of the People’s Republic of China troubled times. I and my family fondly remember the years we in 1949 was a momentous event. Soon there- The people of Pakistan rejoice on the stellar na- spent in Beijing. This was the time when China after, Pakistan recognized the People’s Republic tional accomplishments of our Chinese friends. was preparing for holding the Beijing Olympics. and was among the first few to establish diplo- They owe these accomplishments to their wise It was a rare treat to see the whole country on matic relations. leadership and hard work. the march. The pace on which China was trans- In a sense this was a continuation of the his- We are indeed most grateful for the closest forming into a beautiful developed nation was torical processes. Our geographical proximity possible support of China for Pakistan’s nation- remarkable. and centuries of civilizational interaction be- al development and security. Never in the history of mankind has a country tween our peoples, provided the depth and a New challenges and new opportunities have achieved so much in such a short time. It was firm foundation for carrying forward this truly opened new vistas for our cooperation. I am a privilege to be in the midst of renaissance of remarkable friendship in all spheres. Rich folk confident that this deep people centered rela- the ancient Chinese civilization and to witness lore and legendary tales attest to the love and tionship between our countries will continue to first- hand the great transformation. affection between our two peoples. prosper and break new grounds. We celebrated then in Beijng in 2006, the 55 th We have stood by each other at all times. To- anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic day we stand together again, tall and steadfast, I and my friends and colleagues in the Foreign relations. With the help of my friend Ambassa- as ever, further expanding and deepening the Service both serving and retired take pride in dor Yao Jing, who was then our boss in the Bei- horizons of our mutually beneficial cooperation our humble contribution to promoting this jing Foreign Office, we compiled a coffee table for the welfare of our peoples and for regional friendship. We will continue to defend, pro- picture book on those 55 years of Pakistan-Chi- peace and prosperity. mote and enrich Pakistan-China relations with Pakistan will continue to be steadfast in its fervor, enthusiasm and deep commitment. friendship with China. The current uncertainty

64 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org Reminiscences of China

By H.E. Mr. Riaz Muhammad Khan, Former Foreign Secretary and Ambassador

y diplomatic career of almost four decades focused on China in two Mphases: first, as a junior officer from 1970 to 1979 and then my last foreign assignment as Pakistan’s ambassador to China from 2002 to early 2005. On joining the Pakistan Foreign Service in 1969, I requested selection for learning the Chi- nese language, and in 1970 was posted to Beijing where I stayed for three years both serving as third secretary and for language training. Immediately after arriving in Beijing, I witnessed President Yahya Khan’s visit in November when Pakistan had played an intermediary in the historic Sino-US rap- prochement leading to Dr Henry Kissinger’s visit to Beijing next June. During this visit, China also offered Pakistan an interest-free credit of Yuan 500 million to finance important heavy industrial projects and the Karakoram Highway. 1971 was a difficult results at various stages and changes in role now that it was to assume permanent year for Pakistan and affected everyone as McGovern’s own statements during the membership of the UN Security Council. tragic events unfolded with the separation campaign and wrapping up with the con- Premier Zhou readily committed China’s of the Eastern Wing of the country. clusion that he had no chance. We listened support to Pakistan and asked Ambassa- 1972 began with the visit of President Zu- in awe and with rapt attention a masterly dor Shahi to proceed to New York to guide lfiqar Ali Bhutto, his first ever as head of and elaborate analysis by an extraordinary the Chinese delegation in the matter. Chi- state to a foreign country. Chairman Mao world leader who carried on his head the na ended up using its first Veto in favour and Premier Zhou Enlai recommitted Chi- burden of ensuring the welfare of 800 mil- of Pakistan. It was not an easy decision for na’s friendship and solidarity with Paki- lion Chinese citizens. China as it had long detested Veto powers stan which President Bhutto appreciated Soon after, Agha Shahi arrived in Beijing as the US had used to bar China’s entry into in glowing terms. But he did not heed the Pakistan’s ambassador; his reputation as a the United Nations. Chinese Premier’s advice not to proceed legend preceded him. I had the opportuni- Early 1973 saw the inaugural PIA flight with nationalization of Pakistani industri- ty to accompany him on a few of his meet- over the Karakorams, one of the most sce- al sector. “In 1950s we made that mistake ings with Premier Zhou which always took nic air-routes anywhere in the world. A and had to plead with our industrialists to place late night, perhaps because by then grand reception to celebrate the occasion return and run our industries,” recalled he felt relaxed and free after having - at was held in the Great Hall of the Peoples. Premier Zhou. tended to his many responsibilities during At the last minute I was told that Maulana In mid-June, before the Simla Accords, the day. Besides bilateral matters, Premier Kausar Niazi, who was part of the delega- President Bhutto made another gesture Zhou appeared interested in discussing tion led by Begum Nusrat Bhutto, would by sending all his four children on a two with the accomplished Pakistani ambassa- make the speech in Urdu and I was to week visit to China. Premier Zhou and his dor the global situation and the workings interpret. I thought that perhaps I could wife Madam Deng Yingchao received the of the United Nations where People’s Re- manage even though my Chinese was ru- Bhutto children. In a casual conversation, public was about to take up its rightful seat dimentary, until Maulana began to speak Premier Zhou asked Benazir Bhutto who for the first time. with a flourish, reciting Persian couplets was then studying at Radcliff in Boston In one such past-mid night meetings in and continuing in ornate Urdu. Before he (USA) about the 1972 American Presiden- late 1972, Ambassador Shahi explained paused, I knew it was impossible for me to tial elections. Her response that all the to Premier Zhou how it was important to interpret. But assuming that those present campuses favoured candidate McGovern, link Bangladesh admission to the Unit- knew either Chinese or Urdu, I decided to triggered something in Zhou Enlai and ed Nations with the freedom of Pakistani make my own speech I had learnt by heart he spoke for one hour citing Gallop Poll PoWs, and how China could play a critical about Pakistan-China friendship with alter-

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 65 Celebrating 70th Anniversary of Pakistan-China Diplomatic Relations ations to suit the occasion. All went well, ployed for over four years and nearly five ing the Gwadar Port, JF-17 fighter jet and and there was applause following every hundred of them, along with an almost Chashma-I nuclear power plant were com- pause in the speech and its “translation.” equal number of Pakistanis workers, lost pleted during my tenure, while several Before proceeding to China in 1970, I sought their lives. Their sacrifices must never be new projects were initiated including the the advice of Zahid Chaudry, a scholar on forgotten for the construction of this mon- up-gradation of the KKH, Chashma-II nu- China who had served with Radio Beijing. umental symbol of Pakistan-China friend- clear power plant, raising of Mangla, naval He recommended, “Read Daily Xinhua, it ship which links the two countries and has frigates with provision of joint production will be tedious, but in six months’ time you opened up new avenues of development and space satellites. will start getting the sense of China’s polit- for our Northern Areas. Among others, agreements were conclud- ical debates and jargon.” These were the China Desk was a good learning experience ed in higher education especially scientific Cultural Revolution days with a theology of exposing me to summits, meetings and and technological fields, tourism, prefer- continuing revolution to create a classless negotiations at all levels on wide-ranging ential trade and economic cooperation society with a new moral man. I was young bilateral subjects. I was part of Prime Min- and phytosanitary certification for export and impressed by the Maoist experiment. ister Bhutto’s delegation when he visited of our citrus and mango. We proposed to I did a study on Chinese Communes. Only China in 1974 and then in 1976. He was China to commit funds for long term in- later did I realize that the human condition the last foreign leader to meet Chairman vestments for projects and joint ventures was far too complex to be circumscribed Mao who was frail, ailing and could barely in designated sectors. The idea was pur- by the ethics of a straightjacket ideology, speak. But he asked, “Tell me, how are the sued over the subsequent years and finally however pristine. My readings of Xinhua Pakistani people.” matured with CPEC which is part of China’s and the Hong Kong press as well as my in- I found China of 1970s rustic and largely mega One Belt One Road vision for inte- terest in China’s revolutionary and old his- underdeveloped, but it was homely and grating China’s economy with the econo- tory and literature helped my understand- infused with revolutionary zeal. Post-Mao, mies of Euro-Asian landmass. ing of China and write reports on China’s China progressed at a miraculous pace led I had participated and pushed for finalizing political struggles. by Deng Xiaoping’s direction for modern- negotiations for Chashma II nuclear pow- In late 1973, Agha Shahi became foreign ization and opening to the West and seiz- er plant in 2003. At that time we learnt secretary and asked me to come to Islam- ing all opportunities offered by globaliza- that the Chinese were thinking of joining abad to handle China desk which I did for tion. Paradoxically, Mao’s revolution had the Nuclear Suppliers Group. This gave the next six years. My first assignment was prepared the ground; it had transformed me the idea of securing long term coop- to look into the Chinese aided projects on the popular mind-set investing it with con- eration with China in the nuclear power the civilian side. I prepared a detailed re- fidence that people could change their generation field. I initiated and pushed for port with the HMC and the proposed Chil- condition, in addition to achieving univer- an agreement for this purpose which was ghazi Mini Steel Plant as two case studies. sal education and organized work ethics. signed in 2003. It is a source of deep grati- The report was considered at an inter-min- Deng’s new direction built on this founda- fication for me that we have built Chashma isterial meeting and its recommendations tion unleashed China’s organised potential III and Chashma IV and have plans to con- adopted to streamline the implementation to bring about the greatest transformation struct more nuclear power plants under of several Chinese aided projects including of a human society in modern times. the aegis of this overarching arrangement. the Heavy Mechanical Complex and the I returned to China as Pakistan’s ambas- Cooperation in the education and tourism Heavy Forge and Foundry at Taxila. China sador in 2002 after a gap of 24 years. It sectors required special attention. had provided the best of equipment for took me a couple of weeks to absorb the The two countries entered into long term these projects and her top engineers to enormity of the change. The new Chi- arrangements for placement of our stu- help setting them up. Jiang Zemin who lat- na was modern, vibrant and open to the dents in China’s hi-tech universities and er became president and I presented my world. Never in human history have a peo- colleges for PhD programmes. A beginning credentials as ambassador to him in 2002, ple accomplished so much as the Chinese was made and from a mere few hundred spent four months in Taxila to supervise have done within the span of one gener- in 2003, today (2019) more than 25000 HFF in mid 1970s. However the Chinese ation. We could not claim the special and Pakistani students are benefiting from approach then and even later to such exclusive status we enjoyed in the 1970s, China’s institution of higher learning. Sim- mega projects was in the mode of a coop- but politically bilateral relations retained ilarly, in 2003, China signed an agreement erative venture expecting the other side to vigour and closeness. China’s peaceful rise for organised tourism to Pakistan. Seven do what it was capable of doing. This was and exponentially expanding economic Chinese tourist companies had planned to often at the root of difficulties as our cul- and technological capacities augur well for send delegations which were put on hold ture preferred turn-key projects. Such dif- Pakistan. Arguably, this was my most re- because of a terrorist incident in Gwadar ficulties were absent when it came to proj- warding diplomatic assignment. in early 2004 targeting Chinese personnel. ects in the defence and strategic sectors During thirty months of my ambassadorial The tourist activity revived later as there such as cooperation in the nuclear power tenure, there were summit level visits by is great deal of interest in China in the generation where project implementation President Musharraf, Prime Ministers Zaf- historical Buddhist sites of northern Paki- was largely trouble free. arullah Khan Jamali and Shaukat Aziz and stan. Celebrated Buddhist monks Fa Xien The Karakoram Highway has been one of from the Chinese side by President Hu Jin- and Huan Hsiang had studied in Taxila the most remarkable joint endeavours gdao. In addition there was a stream of vis- and spread Buddhist inspiration to China. which covers a stretch of 500 miles from its at ministerial level, by parliamentarians, Today those historical links are finding a Thakot to Khunjerab Pass winding through senior officials and from private sector, sig- new life in the shape of CPEC and the Kara- high and difficult mountain terrains. Over nifying the robust bilateral relationship. koram Highway. ten thousand Chinese work force was de- Many important ongoing projects includ-

66 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org CHINESE AMBASSADOR CALLS ON FARRUKH HABIB, MINISTER OF STATE FOR INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING

hinese Ambassador to Pakistan H.E. Nong Rong called on Farrukh Habib, Minister of CState for Information and Broadcasting in his office today. They exchanged felicitations on the successful completion of 70 years of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan. Minister of State told the Ambassador that China is iron brother and all weather friend of Pakistan which always stood by Pakistan in difficult times. Karakoram Highway is a testament of our strong friendly relations. People of Pa- kistan have very favorable sentiments for Chi- na and keep Pakistan, China friendship in high regards. Farrukh Habib also congratulated H.E. Nong Rong on the completion of 100 years of the establishment of Communist Party of China (CPC). He also thanked the ambassador for the The State Minister said that BRI is a great ini- cial and agriculture cooperation. Chinese help to Pakistan in wake of Covid Pan- tiative of regional connectivity of which CPEC The Minister of State emphasized the need for demic and on the provision of vaccine. Farrukh is a flagship project. Farrukh Habib apprised cooperation and close coordination between H.E. Nong Rong about the Allama Iqbal Special Pakistan and Chinese Media Industries. There People of Pakistan Economic Zones in Faisalabad and said that the are already MoUs signed between PTV and special economic zone has great potential for CCTV, APP and Xinhua. Both countries need have very favorable Chinese investment. Necessary infrastructure in to extend the cooperation to film industry, the Allama Iqbal Special economic zone has already State Minister further said. The Chinese Am- sentiments for China been developed, he told further. The minister of bassador said that Pakistani media has played and keep Pakistan, State also called for the need for Pakistani and an important role to disseminate information Chinese companies to undertake Joint Ventures regarding CPEC, dispelling propaganda from China friendship in in textile sector. Farrukh Habib also highlighted countries hostile to CPEC. Chinese ambassador the need for city to city cooperation, research also emphasized on strengthening B2B cooper- high regards and cooperation on social protection programs ation and said that trade is a good beginning for between China and Pakistan. The world in large all kinds of cooperation. and Pakistan in particular can learn a great deal Minister of State Farrukh Habib appreciated Habib praised Chinese quick response to Covid from China on how it successfully brought 700 and praised the vision of President Xi Jinping for which saved many precious lives. He further million people out of poverty. The Minister of regional connectivity and promotion of trade. said that Pakistan’s response to Covid, under State expressed pleasure over the extension of He also extended an invitation to H.E. Nong the leadership of Imran Khan, was effective and CPEC beyond infrastructure development to so- Rong to visit Faisalabad was also praised by WHO. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 67 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

Message H.E. Andreas Ferrarese Ambassador of Republic of Italy sends his greetings on the National Day.

Today is the 2nd June, and Italians all over the world are celebrating “Festa Della Repubblica”. On this day, back in 1946, a referendum was held in Italy where Italian people were asked to choose between monarchy or republic for their state. 54.3% of the voters opted for republic and thus Italy became a republic on the second of June 1946. Every year we celebrate this day as the republic day or our national day. Following the covid-19 Sops, we are not able to celebrate national day this year with our friends as we used to do, but we very much look forward to return to normalcy after vaccination completes. I would like to thank all Pakistani friends who sent messages of warmth and solidarity on our national day. Pakistan has stood by Italy since the very beginning of pandemic. People and government of Italy sincerely appreciate all the support and sympathy offered by the government and people of Pakistan. Let us all play our role to curb the contagion and celebrate all our festivities responsibly. From everyone at the Italian Embassy in Islamabad, I wish you all “ Buona Festa”.

68 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org National Day of Italy celebrated in Islamabad .E. Andreas Ferrarese Ambassador of has agreed to provide a credit line equivalent to Pakistani exports to Italy consist of textiles and Republic of Italy hosted dinner reception $10 billion for Italian investors willing to invest in clothing and leather apparel. to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the Pakistan. Italy has also supported Pakistan bid for H Italy is one of the top eight trading partners of National Day of Italy at his residence. free trade agreement between Pakistan and EU. Pakistan. Over the years of friendly ties, trade and Italy is an active investor in Pakistan. Italy provided There are over 100,000 Pakistanis living in Italy, other economic activities have grown between Pakistan financial assistance under the Pakistan mainly living in the cities of Milan and Brescia, the two countries. Italy remains major textile Italian Debt for Development Swap Agreement to of whom a vast majority belong to the Punjab trading partner of the Pakistan; most of the social development projects in health, education province of Pakistan. Italy remains major textile Pakistani exports to Italy consist of textiles and and sanitation, in Pakistan. Italian government trading partner of the Pakistan; most of the clothing and leather apparel.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 69 BilateralSpecial Relations Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

Exclusive Interview by Mian Fazal Elahi

One of my goals is to enhance Italian cultural presence in Pakistan through various mediums

H.E. MrAndreas Ferrarese Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary of the Italian Republic to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

70 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org our Excellency! First of all, I, on behalf of ‘Diplomatic Focus’ appreciate your efforts Yfor enhancing the bilateral relations and Profile praise your role as the Ambassador of Republic of Italy to Pakistan. I am also thankful to you for giving us time out of your busy schedule. DF: The spread of coronavirus is immoderate in Italy as compared to many other countries but the Government and the People of Italy overcome the situation and the graph of Covid-19 patients goes down. What has been the line of action of the Italian Government in this regard? Our Government - despite being amongst the first ones to face this huge challenge - took effective measures since the outbreak of Covid-19 in Italy. Large numbers of tests were performed on public and extensive lockdown was imposed to curtail the spread of the virus. Spread during the month of March 2020 was at extraordinary pace and our health system was severely under pressure. Thanks to tenacious fight put up by our health professionals, situation has greatly improved. Italy is reporting ndreas Ferrarese was born in Tübingen (Germany) on January 17, 1968, the father being a a daily-low of new cases and fatality rate has Professor of History and his mother a Professor of Economy, both from ancient families from gone significantly low. Restrictions are being the city of Venice. gradually eased and Italy now looks forward A to the normalization. In this difficult period we He graduated in Oriental Languages and Literature at the “Cà Foscari” University of Venice in 1992. felt our Pakistani friends particularly close and He had studying experiences in Tunisia, Egypt, France (Sorbonne INALCO), Spain, Georgia. He made supporting. Political contacts have been intense, a Thesis on the Arabic dialects of Spain, and attended a doctorate in Middle Ages Philosophy, about since there were important conversations Arab philosopher Ibn Rushud. between our two Prime Ministers, Giuseppe After an intensive preparation in Law and Economy in the University of Padua, and a stage in the Conte and Imran Khan, and our Foreign prestigious Ecole National d’Administration ENA in Paris, he entered the Diplomatic Career in 1994 Ministers, Di Maio and Qureshi. In the same and, following a period of training in the Diplomatic Academy, he began his professional career at way, we are brotherly close to Pakistan in this the Directorate General for Economic Affairs, where he dealt with commercial relations with Asia. days, and to all those affected and their families. In 1996 he left abroad, serving at the Italian Embassy in Manila - where he assisted Italian companies to obtain contracts for a total comprehensive amount of 2 Billion Euros - and then in Tel Aviv, DF: Your Excellency! How has the pandemic since 2001, as Chief of Press Office. treated you? What was your routine and how has your personality evolved during this Returning to the Ministry in 2004, he served as Deputy Head of the Crisis Unit. He co-managed, in lockdown? that position, the Tsunami crisis and a high number of emergencies such as 3 evacuations of Italian citizens from war scenarios and 96 cases of kidnappings (of criminal and terrorist nature) in many The pandemic has taught us a lot. Our different countries (Iraq, Afghanistan, Venezuela etc.). He gained a wide experience related to ter- vulnerabilities and limitations have been rorism and political analysis to prevent crisis. revealed and many of us have discovered a In 2008 he left again for abroad, as Deputy Chief of Mission at the Embassy of Italy in Beirut, where different perspective of life. I learned, along he coordinated the rapports with UNIFIL II Mission - thus successfully headed by Italian General my career – which was full of challenges – to Claudio Graziano - then in Brasilia, as Deputy Chief of Mission, since 2011. In Brazil he coordinated make of every crisis an opportunity. I spent the a network of 4 General Consulates, 2 Career Consulates and almost 100 honorary Consuls, one of last months finalizing the projects for the new the biggest consular networks in the world, assisting 400.000 Italian citizens and 30 million Brazil- Italian Embassy in Islamabad, studying deeply ians with Italian origin. In that period Italian investments in Brazil reached 18 Billion Euros, mostly the history and traditions of Pakistan, building in the sectors of telecommunications, automotive and defense. an excellent team, and reorganizing the work in the Embassy. I have been blessed by finding In 2013 he was appointed Ambassador of Italy to Pristina. In that position he was confronted with an excellent staff in the Embassy, wich is facing relevant political activities since, in that period, Italian Military and Officials were heading both the the ongoing crisis with commitment and sense NATO Mission KFOR and the biggest EU Mission abroad, EULEX. He was also active in hindering – of duty. I thank all of them, and in particular in coordination with local Authorities – relevant cases of corruption, international terrorism and my Consul in Karachi, Danilo, my Deputy human smuggling. in Islamabad, Francesco, Military Attache’, In 2016 he returned to Rome, where he served outside the role at the Prime Minister’s Office. In Giuseppe, and Cooperation Agency Chief, that position, he headed a structure for strategic analysis to be submitted to the Prime Minister. Emanuela. Since 10 February 2020 he has been Ambassador of Italy to Pakistan. He transmitted Credential Letters on June 11th, thus assuming full functions as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten- DF: Your Excellency! Italy’s educational system tiary. is considered one of the best education systems. In 2016 he was appointed Official Knight of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. I would like to know how many Pakistani students are enrolled in the universities of He is fluent in English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic and Georgian. Italy. Would you further increase the number He is married with Albana, and they live in Pakistan with their daughter Chiara. of students under scholarship programs? As a hobby, he practiced different martial arts, especially Karate and Judo, and to relax he cooks Italian food, being specialized in traditional Venetian cuisine. Italian universities have become favorite www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 71 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

educational destinations for Pakistani students over past few years. More and more of them are getting enrolled at prestigious Italian institutes such as Pilitecnico di Milano, Politecnico di Torino and La Sapienza, to name a few. Economics, Architecture, Engineering, Computer Sciences and Communication Sciences are among the most sought field of studies for Pakistani students. The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) - an international research institute for physical and mathematical sciences that operates under a tripartite agreement between the Italian Government, UNESCO, and International Atomic Energy Agency - provides numerous placements to Pakistani students and scientists every year. As a feedback, I can confirm that Italian professors share with me feelings of admiration for the high intellectual qualities of students from Pakistan, most of whom excel in their performances. DF: Your Excellency! Italy is one of the important countries of the European Union in terms of bilateral and trade relations with Pakistan. Would you like to share the information on volume for trade and the products which are import/export between the two countries? What would be the impact of Covid-19 on the trade between the two countries? Our bilateral trade is relevant, amounting about 1.5 billion Euros in 2019, but I consider it far below existing potential. I am confident that we can reach a yearly of 4 billion after the ongoing crisis. We are the second partner of Pakistan in Europe. Businessmen of the two countries work particularly well together. We can further improve. I hope to considerably reinforce our commercial office soon and to increase the network of honorary Consuls around Pakistan. DF: Your Excellency! Italy is a part of the European Union and a very friendly neighborhood, what is the role of the Italian Government in the European Union? In addition to this question, I would like to ask what is the trade of Italy with European Union countries? Italy is one of the 6 founding members of the

72 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org European Union and attaches great importance to the Institution. Several landmark agreements, with lasting impacts on Europe, were achieved during meetings hosted by Italy. Our Capital, Rome, has a tremedous symbolic value for all Europeans. In addition, our membership in the EU is part of our national interests, having an economy relying on trade. In 2019, according to UN data, the value of our export was of 530 billions of US dollars, and our import 488,74 billions of US dollars, out of a GDP of about 2000 billions of dollars. Our main partners are the other EU Member States, which cover more than one third of our overall trade. Actually, a relevant part of our trade is directed towards Germany (65.1 billions of dollars in 2019, as 12.2% of our export) and France (55.8 billions of dollars in 2019, as 10.5%) alone. On the other hand, the US are our third partner, with a trade of 51 billions of dollars. DF: Your Excellency! Italy is rich in cultural and tourist places large numbers of tourists visit every year in your country and tourism sport GDP of Italy as well. But after the pandemic situation most of the people are not willing to travel anywhere what would be its impact on tourist industry? This, indeed, is a major concern for Italy, both for the government and for private sector tourism industry, which contributes about 13% to our GDP. Authorities are chalking out plans that would ensure the safety of people and re-opening of tourism simultaneously. This involves a number of measure, such as having a reduced number of occupants at hotels instead of a full-house, elevated level of hygiene at hotel/restaurant premises, access to attractions though prior online bookings to maintain a safe number of visitors and many such measures. Let’s not forget that Italy has numerous tourist destinations and with proper planning and guidance programs for tourists, we can distribute tourists to various regions, all of them

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 73 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

of great quality. This will also give limelight to 26 years. The two countries have seen a steady groups is another effective way and we shall try the less-frequently visited tourist destinations in rise in trade on both sides, yet there is a lot of to invite more people (artists) than before to Italy, with marvelous spots to discover. room for enhancing our economic cooperation share our culture with our Pakistani friends. We and we shall strive hard for that in coming are also planning to show Italian cinema with DF: Your Excellency! Overseas who are leaving months. Italian companies have shown keen collaboration of local cultural and academic in Italy and they got nationality of the Republic interest to invest in various sectors in Pakistan institutions. I believe Pakistani Diplomatic of Italy did they have the right to participate in and we look forward to see it happening in Missions have been equally active in promoting politics on the national level? future. Bureaucracy should be a facilitator, in the rich Pakistani culture in Italy that brings AF: Absolutely! People from so many countries the interest of the country, employment of the our two communities together. Further to of the world have chosen to make Italy their citizens and progress of the country. On the that, COVID crisis has accelerated a trend that home, are welcome to actively participate in other side, foreign investors must make an effort confirms modern technologies and social media politics of the country. Italian legislation does to understand local mentality, procedures, and as primary vehicles to promote culture. I believe not foresee any difference due to someone’s respect Pakistani traditions and style of life. in the great potential of this trend. I will work simultaneously in traditional and futuristic way. origins. Once you own an Italian passport, you DF: Your Excellency! Italy and Pakistan have have the same rights and duties of all the other cultural agreements to Italians. promote the culture between the countries and the Italian embassy brings their cultural There is a community of groups which are a very good some 150,000 Pakistanis activity to promote cultural diplomacy? I would like to living in Italy. Most of them know is Pakistan end have moved to Italy several years the same thing doing over ago and many of them are there in Italy and what is your policy to promote cultural Italian citizens now. diplomacy between the two countries? Cultural Diplomacy is one DF: Your Excellency! You are a very senior fine aspect of a broad-based diplomat for many years what do you think relationship among countries. about Pakistan? Is it a good country from an One of my goals during my investment point of view and do you want to posting in Islamabad is to give any message to the Pakistan investors as enhance Italian cultural well as international business community? presence in Pakistan through During my very first posting at the Ministry of various mediums. We would Foreign Affairs, I worked on strengthening the like to improve Italian economic ties between Italy and Pakistan. So I language teaching facilities have been aware of this subject for as long as here. Exchange of cultural

74 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org DF: Your Excellency! Italy is an active investor in through their ACT (Archaeology Community another reason to strenghten teaching of Italian Pakistan. How has Embassy of Pakistan helped Tourism) field school. Italian-funded olive in Pakistan. Pakistan during the pandemic? program has been yet another success. Through Your Excellency! Do you want to give any this program, a comprehensive feasibility study DF: The Government and people of Pakistan message or a piece of advice to the people of was conducted and later olive orchards were have shown exemplary solidarity with the Pakistan? established in various districts which today are Government and people of Italy during the producing olives (who reduce Pakistan’s import It is a matter of pride and pleasure for meto hardest times of Covid-19 crises, with concrete bill for edible oils). In health sector, Italy helped represent the Italian Republic in this beautiful proofs of friendship and support. On March establish a much-needed burn treatment center and very friendly country that has a long history 24th last year, H.E. Shah Mehmood Qureshi, at Nishtar hospital Multan. A bone marrow of cordial relationship with Italy. I very much look visited our Embassy to express solidarity and transplant center has also been established forward to work closely with the government of convey condolences over the loss of lives in Italy at children hospital PIMS with cooperation Pakistan, engage with business communities due to pandemic as well as Pakistan’s support of Italian Cure2Children Foundation Italy. in a more productive way, as well as with the for government and people of Italy for valiantly Restoration of walled city Multan and restoration people from all components of Pakistani society, combating the pandemic. I was deeply touched work in the walled city Lahore were successfully academia, cultural side, health, media, and by countless messages of sympathies, solidarity carried out with Italian support. HEC and their other walks of life to bring the two countries and prays from our Pakistani friends from all Italian counterparts are engaged to establish closer than we are, and to achieve new walks-of-life. Italy will always remember this cooperation in the fields of higher education milestones that would actually reflect the true gestures of goodwill and kindness. and research. This will provide vital support for friendship between the two nations. I will work Italy has worked in coordination with other higher education sector in Pakistan, particularly with all my energies. I had concrete results and bilateral and multilateral donors, to which it in the field of scientific research. That’s what has been done and we shall continue to cooperate with Pakistan for development of social sector I believe Pakistani Diplomatic People from so many by sharing our knowledge, expertise and other countries of the world possible forms of support. Missions have been equally have chosen to make Italy DF: Your Excellency! What kind of role has active in promoting the rich their home, are welcome Pakistani community played in Italy? What Pakistani culture in Italy that challenges have been faced by Pakistanis over brings our two communities to actively participate in there and how are they being helped? politics of the country. together. There is a community of some 150,000 Pakistanis living in Italy. Most of them moved to Italy several years ago and many of them are provides relevant budget contributions, in Italian citizens now. Majority of Pakistanis in satisfaction in all my previous posting. I hope it order to ensure all possible assistance. We also Italy are living in the North. Pakistani community will be the same here after my turn of duty in rescheduled our bilateral support to be better in Italy has been an important part of services Islamabad. functional to current developments. sector and they have been contributing to the Pakistan Zindabad. economy of the country. Speaking of challenges, DF: Your Excellency! Italy has supported the most common challenge they would face, is At the end I am thankful to you and give my Pakistan bid for free trade agreement between not speaking Italian language. This poses some finest regards and best wishes to the people EU and Pakistan. Can the trade between the limits to their interaction with locals and to of Republic of Italy. May God bless Italy with two countries be affected by the coronavirus the process of integration. Italian authorities progress and prosperity! outbreak? If yes then does Embassy have any encourage people arriving in Italy to learn plans to overcome that? Italian language and the government provides COVID negatively affected and is likely to further this facility at public institutes. That is, for me, negatively affect bilateral trade, in line with a general trend which has very few exceptions in the world. I am convinced that this is a temporary phenomenon. The ongoing crisis is painful but I am sure that we will recover fast. DF: Your Excellency! Italy also provided millions of dollars to social development projects including health, education, and sanitation. Does Italy have any other investment plans for Pakistan in near future? Italy has been contributing, for decades, to the socio-economic development of Pakistan. We have been partners in progress and I would briefly share with your readers some of the landmark projects that manifest the magnitude of development cooperation between the two countries. ERALP (Early Recovery of Agriculture and Livelihood Program) has been a success in war-effected Swat valley that helped restore agriculture in general and fruits orchards in particular. Italian Archaeological Mission in Swat has helped restoring tourism in the valley www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 75 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy Exclusive Interview by Mian Fazal Elahi

Pakistan and Italy have enjoyed long- standing excellent relations

H.E. Danilo Giurdanella, Consul General of Republic of Italy to Islamic Republic of Pakistan

76 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org our Excellency! First of all, I, on behalf of ‘Diplomatic Focus’ appreciate your Yefforts for enhancing the bilateral relations and praise your role as the Consul General of Republic of Italy in Karachi. I am also thankful to you for giving us time out of your busy schedule.

DF: Your Excellency! Pakistani people are not familiar about your past life so I would like to know about your childhood memories, family background, education and how you started your diplomatic career?

Well, I have a different background from many diplomats, having been trained and worked as a corporate lawyer before deciding to embark on this career. I did not think about becoming a diplomat very early in my life, at the same time I realize now how soundly I was suited by my upbringing and early life experiences for this profession, having had the opportunity to experience a multicultural environment and to deal with international affairs. On the other hand, these diversified experiences and my provenance have given me an edge in understanding many realities and in seeing things from another point of view.

DF: Your Excellency! You are appointed as a Consul General in Pakistan recently. How do you find people conduct in Pakistan and what was your opinion about Pakistan before moving here ?In addition to this question Can you please tell me what would be your main focal point to further enhance relationship between Pakistan and Italy?

I decided to come to Pakistan with my cultural heritage. DF: Your Excellency! You have been serving family fully knowing and having already Italy as a Consul General here in Pakistan. experienced the exquisite hospitality of the My question is how would you like to rank people of Pakistan. Pakistanis are similar Pakistan in terms of tourism? to Italians in many ways. We both have a Pakistanis are similar to As I was saying, Pakistan really is a beautifully long history and share many traditional Italians in many ways. We breath-taking country that also sports a values, deeply rooted in our cultures unique-in-the -word cultural heritage. My such as importance of family life, respect both have a long history aim would be to increase Italy-Pakistan for foreigners and hospitality as well as cooperation in the field of preservation and resourcefulness and appreciation for private and share many traditional valorization of Pakistan’s cultural goods and initiative entrepreneurship. I personally values, deeply rooted geographic magnificence. This of course goes believe these values to be very important hand-in-hand with promoting a sustainable and overriding in life. This is one of the in our cultures such as touristic model for Pakistan that might be as reasons why my family and I are very happy well able to better protect Pakistan’s history in Karachi. importance of family life, and culture. Tourism must be channeled respect for foreigners In addition, there is a lot to promote. in a certain and sustainable way and in Pakistanis not only can boast of these values and hospitality as well this scenario can be very economically but they live in a country that is extremely profitable. Another point is to promote beautiful, geographically diverse and rich as resourcefulness and internationally more Pakistan’s richness. In Italy for instance Pakistan is well-known for in natural resources. Focal point? We have appreciation for private many strategic objectives such as improve its mountains but there is so much more! trade and economic relationships between initiative entrepreneurship Just a few days ago I was participating in a the two countries, but also improve cultural video conference about Pakistan and many links and promote Pakistan’s millennia-old Italians were surprised by the beauty of www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 77 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

some photos from Pakistan. They were literally swept off their feet and had little idea that Pakistan could be so beautiful and rich in history.

DF: Your Excellency! Pakistan and Italy are enjoying close cordial relations. How do you see the bilateral ties between the two nations? What are the incentives you would like to take in your ongoing tenure for the further betterment of bilateral relation?

Pakistan and Italy have enjoyed long- standing excellent relations. Italy is an important export market for Pakistan, currently its 9th export market, and also Pakistan is an important destination for Italian machines. There is also a significative people-to-people interaction. For instance, we have an important number of Pakistani students that every year choose Italy as their study destination. Culture and archeology is also a key aspect in our relations.

One of my main aim is to improve economic and trade ties. Especially now we are planning to do more in the field of green and circular economy. Furthermore, we think that promotion of culture is very important for the friendship between the two Nations. Currently, we’re looking at different options also with the help of the Italian International Cooperation Agency and the Italian Trade Commission. We’ll be able to deliver some results as soon as the pandemic should abide.

DF: Your Excellency! What would be the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the

78 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org international Relation globally?

This is a very interesting question. I’ve read a lot about it and considered the existing data analysis. My very own personal opinion is that, as in other fields, the pandemic has radically changed also the arena of international relations and I mean forever impacting it. I know some scholars would disagree, but consider for instance the impact in terms of trade and people mobility! On the other hand we have seen, in the general misery, also positive enhancement such as the United Nations Security Council resolution demanding a global ceasefire. We have also witnessed the birth of a so-called vaccine diplomacy. Now the question to solve will be how to ensure people’s international mobility also in relation to vaccines, etc… read a lot, in many fields, to learn foreign splendid interview of course! My message is languages and to travel internationally in the following: I hope you can read me again DF: Your Excellency! If you could give one order to understand if this life is really for soon on this magazine and I can update you piece of advice to students interested in you. There are also many difficulties in in the progress our projects are making! I becoming a Diplomat, what would it be? this profession and many sacrifices but I also hope to have provided an inspirational can’t hide there are also important cultural message to Pakistanis who could be Beyond the usual stereotypes, a diplomat rewards that I have reaped: if I could redo interested in opportunities in Italy and vice- needs to be patient, to listen, to understand all my life I would choose again to embark versa to Italians who might be interested in the meaning of international events. He in this career. Pakistan! The Consulate of Italy is ready to refers to his Government and he’s a kind assist you! Thank you and see you soon! of interpreter. His work is to strengthen DF: Your Excellency! Would you like to give international friendships and to mend any message for the people of Pakistan and At the end I am thankful to you and give my fractures. He works for peace and must the readers of Diplomatic focus magazine? finest regards and best wishes to the people be a voice for moderation and reason of Republic of Italy. May God bless Italy with also in stormy times. He tries to meet as Well, I would like to thank the readers progress and prosperity! many people as possible. I would advise to of your magazine, and yourself for this

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 79 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

G20 Italy People, Planet, Prosperity: The Italian G20 Finance track

By Monitoring Desk ternational forum bringing together the world’s ployment and human development, starting by most prominent economies. This represents the most vulnerable groups. he G20 is the international forum that a formidable challenge, in particular in a year • Planet: To build more resilient societies, we brings together the world’s major econo- where the global economy needs to recover cannot underestimate the risks our planet is mies. The forum has met every year since after the devastating impact brought about by facing. Developing a safer and more sustainable T the Covid-19 crisis. world requires restoring the balance between 1999 and includes, since 2008, a yearly Summit, with the participation of the respective Heads In 2021, in spite of persisting uncertainties on people and nature. Our commitments to the of State and Government. the evolution of the pandemic, the global econ- Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Develop- Economic growth, productivity, climate, infra- omy is expected to bounce back from the deep- ment Goals can no longer be postponed. structure, international taxation to financial est recession since World War II. Still, the legacy • Prosperity: Global growth should be seen as inclusion, financial stability and support to the of the crisis will weigh on our economies and a tool to ensure prosperity for all. New technol- most fragile economies are the main priorities societies for the years to come. ogies and the digital transformation are formi- of G20. It is against this backdrop that the Italian Pres- dable drivers of prosperity and better quality of The G20 groups the G7 countries plus: Argen- idency will steer and encourage global policy life. The international community should strive tina, Australia, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, makers to continue their efforts to overcome to make digitalisation an opportunity for all. Mexico, Russia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, South the pandemic, foster a sustainable, balanced The Finance Track Africa, South Korea and the European Union. and inclusive recovery and ensure that the The Finance Track gathers G20 Finance Min- They are joined by some international organi- world is better prepared to cope with unfore- isters and Central Bank Governors to discuss zations, namely: the International Monetary seen shocks. global economic, fiscal and monetary issues. Fund, the World Bank, the Organisation for Eco- At the same time, we should not settle for a re- They work closely with the International Mon- nomic Co-operation and Development, the Fi- turn to normal. The aim of the Italian Presiden- etary Fund in relation to international econom- nancial Stability Board and the United Nations. cy is to contribute to developing a shared vision ic cooperation and with the Financial Stability Each year, a selected number of guest members to shape a brighter future for all. Board on global financial stability and risk mit- is invited to take part to guarantee a broader The vision proposed by the Italian Presidency igation via information exchanges. Main issues geographical participation. will be structured on three pillars: cover global economy, sustainable and inclusive The Italian G20 Presidency • People: All policy actions will be centred growth and financial regulation. On 1 December 2020, Italy took over the Italian on people, so that no one is left behind. This Within this framework, in connection with the G20 Presidency from Saudi Arabia. It is the first means tackling inequalities and promoting 3Ps priorities of the Italian G20 Presidency, the time our Country is called upon to lead this in- equal opportunities in health, education,- em Finance Track will aim to bridge the efforts to sustain the recovery with the development of long-term strategies to promote and accompany the transformation towards greener, more digital and inclusive societies. Yet, reaching this ambitious goal requires global economies to join forces. This is why Italy looks at a revamped multilateralism and at the wide engagement of all actors as the guiding principles of international cooperation. Ensure health as a global common good and strengthen pandemic preparedness Ensure health as a global common good and

80 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org strengthen pandemic preparedness The international community should renew efforts until the pandemic is eradicated. In our interconnected planet, public health should be seen as a global common good. The Italian Pres- idency will pursue this principle and promote adequate investment and universal access to health. The Finance Ministers will continue to cooperate closely with Health Ministers, with a view to strengthening the resilience, inclusiveness and response capacity of health systems. Going beyond the fight to this pandemic, we shall make sure that future generations are better prepared against similar shocks. The Italian Presidency will strive to take collective actions to improve pandemic preparedness and response. Promote an international environment con- heightened risks to financial stability. The Ital- lation and vulnerable firms. The second one ducive to investment and growth ian Presidency will build on the coordinated re- concerns the establishment of an “inclusive” Promote an international environment condu- sponse enacted in 2020 to promote a smooth regulatory and supervisory framework, which cive to investment and growth transition towards the post-Covid-19 world and looks at financial inclusion as an objective and Delivering a coordinated global response is develop a shared understanding on how to en- ensures that customer are better protected crucial for a prompt and balanced recovery. sure growth and financial stability in the longer against the risks posed by an increased use of Adequate investment in health systems that term. digital means. can provide universal access to health services In particular, we will prioritize initiatives aimed Protecting our planet while improving living is crucial to overcome the current crisis and at reviewing the lessons learned from the pan- conditions for all strengthen economic resilience and growth in demic shock, with a view to possibly adapting An ambitious Green Agenda will be at the core the long term. the global financial rules and standards, coor- of the Italian G20 Presidency. Italy believes that Looking forward, we should bear in mind that dinating the preparations for the exit from the the international commitments to address cli- the crisis broke out in a context of declining emergency support measures and enhancing mate change and environmental degradation global growth and productivity. Technological the resilience of non-bank financial intermedi- can no longer be postponed. Our Presidency change also brings about new challenges for ation. Beyond the pandemic, we will give pri- will promote the fair transition towards mod- social inclusion, regional cohesion and equality. ority to other important initiatives including ern, resource-efficient and competitive econo- Making sure that nobody is left behind along renewed efforts to fight money laundering and mies, also in line with the path set at the Eu- the path to more digital and innovative societ- terrorist financing, building more efficient and ropean level with its new Green Deal. This will ies will be a key priority. Investment in digital secure cross-border payment infrastructures be a cross-cutting priority across all the Finance and green innovations should be seen as mu- and arrangements, strengthening cybersecurity Track activities, ranging from the inclusion of tually reinforcing tools, with the potential of in the financial sector and further analysing the environmental risks in macroeconomic risks triggering a virtuous process of stimulating the regulatory, supervisory and oversight challeng- analyses, to the impact of green investment on global economy, creating jobs and generating es raised by global stablecoins arrangements productivity, to the potential of nature-based long-term savings. and remaining financial stability concerns. solutions applied to infrastructures. The Ital- Investment in quality infrastructures plays a The financial sector also plays a key role in ian Presidency will also endeavour to open critical role to spur economic recovery and accompanying the transition towards sustain- a debate and make progress on a number of set the ground for a sustainable and inclusive able growth. The Italian Presidency will step sensitive yet crucial topics, such as sustainable growth. This crisis has shown to what extent up initiatives to enhance the resilience of the finance and environmental taxation. reliable and high-quality infrastructure systems overall financial system, in particular against cli- are critical to respond to unexpected external mate-related financial stability risks, including shocks and to deliver quality services to the en- by ensuring better quality data and more com- tire population. This applies to the health sec- parable climate-related financial disclosure. tor (including access to water and sanitation), The Covid-19 has also contributed to shedding as well as to telecommunications, digital con- light on the opportunities and challenges linked nectivity and logistics. to the spread of digitalised financial services. The Italian Presidency aims to promote infra- The growing role of digitalization, accelerated structures — including digital ones — as a way by the pandemic, has the potential to improve to foster social inclusion, reduce geographical financial access for underserved and vulnerable disparities and improve environmental sustain- groups and small and medium enterprises, but ability. Investment in infrastructure should not might be a source of exclusion for some cate- be limited to new large-scale projects. Good gories, due to the lack of digital infrastructure practices at local level should be encouraged. and/or digital skills. Under the Italian Presiden- Similarly, maintaining and optimising existing cy, the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion assets should be given high priority. has identified two main areas of intervention. Maintain global financial stability The first one deals with digital and financial A strong recovery critically relies on the abili- “awareness”, to be enhanced to narrow down ty of the global financial system to provide fi- the gaps in the weakest sections of the popu- nancing to the real economy while managing www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 81 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy Italian cuisine

talian cuisine has influenced food cul- on “Italian food,” according to CNN. For Wine is also a big part of Italian culture, ture around the world and is viewed example, most of the foods that Amer- and the country is home to some of the Ias a form of art by many. Wine, cheese icans view as Italian, such as spaghetti world’s most famous vineyards. The old- and pasta are important part of Italian and pizza, come from central Italy. In the est traces of Italian wine were recently meals. Pasta comes in a wide range of North of Italy, fish, potatoes, rice, sau- discovered in a cave near Sicily’s south- shapes, widths and lengths, including sages, pork and different types of chees- west coast. penne, spaghetti, linguine, fusilli and la- es are the most common ingredients. “The archaeological implications of this sagna. Pasta dishes with tomatoes are popu- new data are enormous, especially con- For Italians, food isn’t just nourishment, lar, as are many kinds of stuffed pasta, sidering that the identification of wine it is life. “Family gatherings are frequent polenta and risotto. In the South, toma- [is] the first and earliest-attested pres- and often centered around food and the toes dominate dishes, and they are ei- ence of such product in an archaeolog- extended networks of families,” said ther served fresh or cooked into sauce. ical context in Sicily,” researchers wrote Wagner. Southern cuisine also includes capers, in the study, published online August No one area of Italy eats the same things peppers, olives and olive oil, garlic, arti- 2017 in the Microchemical Journal. as the next. Each region has its own spin chokes, eggplant and ricotta cheese.

82 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org ITALY around the WORLD

he main event is the 21st Triennale di Mi- “Italian Language in the World States General” This year, Italy will be attending the Abu Dhabi lano (2nd April-12th September). Design in Florence will provide an opportunity to pres- Book Fair. In 2017, we shall be the first West- Tis also the subject of the International ent a new Portal for Italian Language Abroad. ern country to attend the Tehran Book Fair as Italian Language Week in October. The Director- 5. INVEST YOUR TALENT IN ITALY a guest of honour. In the cinema sector, we are ate General will also be coordinating the activ- Foreign talent to assist with the internationali- intensifying the promotion of our work in inter- ities of a design working group involving trade sation of Italian businesses: this is the challenge national festivals, working with the Ministry of associations, universities and research centres. of the Invest Your Talent in Italy 2.0 programme Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism, 1. ARCHAEOLOGY AND PROTECTION OF CUL- to increase the competitiveness of the country’s ANICA, ICE and RAI. TURAL HERITAGE economy, strengthening the internationalisa- Italy is a main player in protecting cultural heri- tion of businesses and universities, teaming up 9. MEDITERRANEAN tage in crisis areas: on 16 February, a MoU was institutions with the private sector. The 2016- A three-year programme is planned in the ac- signed with UNESCO to set up an Italian task 17 programme has involved 600 students from ademic, scientific and artistic sectors and -part force of “cultural blue helmets”. In addition the ten focus countries considered to be priorities nerships with companies in the area, in accor- Ministry of Foreign Affairs is funding more than for the internationalisation of our country. The dance with the 2015 Mediterranean Dialogue 170 Italian archaeological missions around the best talents will attend specialisation courses in Conference Agenda. world. Italy, followed by business traineeships. 2. ITALIAN MUSEUMS AROUND THE WORLD 6. FINE ITALIAN COOKERY AROUND THE 10. PROMOTION OF ITALIAN SCIENCE AND RE- Working with the Ministry of Cultural Heritage WORLD SEARCH and Activities and Tourism, the Ministry of EXPO 2015 confirmed the value of Italian fine Activities revolve around the “Tavoli Paese” Foreign Affairs is supporting the internation- cookery as a showcase for our food and agri- [country round tables] model, which makes the alisation of Italian museums with exhibitions culture sector. The Ministries of Foreign Affairs, most of the research and business component. and tours of works of art overseas. In July, the Education and Agriculture are undertaking pro- The model is already operational in China and International Council of Museums in Milan motional initiatives in priority countries (Unit- will be extended to South Korea, Japan, United will provide an opportunity to set up interna- ed States, Russia, China, Japan, United Arab States and Israel. Promotion measures focus on tional partnerships. Prestigious exhibitions are Emirates), in the context of the United Nations innovation in particular. In this framework, the planned this year, including Raffaello in Mos- and with specific initiatives during the Olympic diplomatic and consular network is promoting cow, Botticelli in Tokyo and Titian in Prague. Games in Rio de Janeiro. In November, the dip- the interactive exhibition “Italy of the Future”, lomatic and consular network will be organising created and coordinated by CNR with the Ital- 3. CONTEMPORARY ART AROUND THE WORLD an “Italian Cookery Week”. ian Institute of Technology, the National Insti- Promotion is boosted by the works held in the tute of Nuclear Physics and a number of leading Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Collection. 7. CULTURAL TOURISM Italian research organisations. Working with the Ministry of Cultural Heritage 4. ITALIAN LANGUAGE and Activities and Tourism and ENIT, integrated 11. INTEGRATED SYSTEM MISSIONS Working with the Ministry of Education, Uni- cultural trails are being created that make the Organisation of politically-led missions in prior- versity and Research, the Ministry of Foreign most of landscapes, wine and food circuits and ity countries for internationalising businesses, Affairs is reviewing rules on the teaching of Italian UNESCO heritage sites. attracting investments and tourists, strength- Italian, in order to achieve a more widespread ening scientific and university cooperation and inclusion of our language in the educational 8. CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES: CIN- promoting Italian language and culture. curriculum of overseas schools. In October, the EMA, AUDIOVISUALS AND PUBLISHING www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 83 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

Chinese Ambassador to Pakistan H.E. Mr. Nong Rong Congratulated on the launching of Ambassador Lu Shulin’s new book “Garlands of Love”, collection of poems during his post in Pakistan. This is one of the events to celebrate the 70th anniversary of China Pakistan diplomatic ties. China-Pak Dosti REASONSZindabad! to STUDY ABROAD in ITALY ou should be an international student to With 61 vibrant public universities, 30 private 3. Easy ways to travel the country Italy because Italy speaks many languag- universities and 11 public research organiza- Italy allows you to ‘jump’ a bus or train for just Yes: beyond the renowned expertise in the tions, groundbreaking university programs, a few Euros to escape from the cold and foggy language of the Architecture, Arts, Design and AFAM (Centers for higher artistic education) Milano, or from the chaotic Bologna, to some of Fashion, Italy is very fluent in the language of and 339 courses held in English, Italy will teach the most beautiful beaches in the world. Research and Science. you more than Italian. Study in Italy and you Almost every big city is also perfectly connected Since the first modern University in Europe was will speak many languages! to European and non-European countries with founded in Bologna in 1088, Italy has generat- 87 airports. You can easily travel by train, all the ed a vast expertise in applied sciences thanks 1. Plenty of top universities with an impressive bigger Italian cities are interconnected with 77 to extraordinary scientists such as Leonardo international environment (main-) railway stations. That makes life easier da Vinci and Galileo Galilei, fathers of the sci- Italy is a popular international study location for many students that do not like travelling by entific method. Later, when the modern world not just due to its high multicultural ambience, car or by plane. was learning the language of industrialization, but the country also has several top public and 4. A country full of wonders Guglielmo Marconi was setting the roots for private universities. While you’re enjoying the international student what years later would become wireless com- The University of Bologna is a prestigious in- status in Italy, it would really be a shame not to munication. And today, while the whole world stitution that marks the origin of the current take advantage of the privilege of living close speaks the digital language, Italy developed the Western higher education system as the oldest to numerous UNESCO World Heritage Sites. first commercial desktop computer, known as university in Europe. In addition, Bologna is on Yes, Italy beats any country at this, counting 51 P101, and soon after the Italian physicist Fed- the list of top European cities that welcome the heritage sites that speak about the cultural and erico Faggin was inventing the first commercial largest number of Erasmus students. historical past of Italy. microprocessor. Italy is an affordable destination for interna- Imagine first-hand how the gladiators fought in Italy reveals its fluency also in the language of tional students the Colosseum, take a picture holding the Lean- physics, thanks to extraordinary personalities Italy is one of the most affordable countries in ing Tower of Pisa, get lost on the streets and such as Fabiola Giannotti who led the project Europe where you can study abroad and that canals of Venice, and explore the centre of the which brought to the discovery of the Higgs goes for tuition fees and living costs as well. Catholic faith in Vatican City. Learn a little Ital- Boson, as well as in the language of neurosci- Average tuition for all degree types: 850 to ian history and geography and visit Pompeii and ence, through the discovery of mirror neurons 1,000 EUR/year Mount Vesuvius. by the outstanding neurophysiologist Giacomo Average living expenses: 700 to 1,000 EUR/ 5. No pineapple on your pizza! Rizzolatti. month for housing, food, transportation and Italians are famous for their pizza; sure, you can Such incredible achievements are the result of fun eat pizza anywhere in this world but you can an exceptional educational system based on Most expensive cities: Rome, Milan and only find “the real pizza” in Italy. I’m not sure solid notions, rigorous scientific method and Bologna anyone discovered the secret ingredient but creative approach which together foster criti- Cheaper cities: Pisa, Padua, or Turin the truth is you’ll have to taste it to convince cal thinking, flexibility and the ability to solve complex problems. The Maria Montessori method and the Reggio Children approach are landmarks of a child-centered education meth- odology that have been implemented in 20,000 schools all over the world. It all started under the arcades of Italian Uni- versities that have always been driven by its passion for Research and Innovation. Italy proudly holds the highest rate record of academic publications on research magazines of excellence in Europe, with a focus on biology, natural sciences, physics, pharmacy, medicine, and mathematics and computer science. Italian researchers and professors are highly appreciated and hired in the most renowned Interna- tional Universities.

84 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org yourself that it is unique. Pizza in Italy is also more refined so don’t expect to see tons of toppings over it and don’t even think you’ll find pineapple on it, either! As for pasta, you can enjoy them in all sizes and forms, cavatelli, ravioli, orecchiette, tagliatelle and most restaurants will serve homemade pasta. Italians take great pride in their coffee and as for beer, leave it to the truck drivers. Start enjoying good Italian wines instead. A good bottle can start for as little as three Euros. 6. Late nights are a given in Italy Compared to other countries in the southern part of Europe, life in Italy starts and ends late in the evening. At 8 p.m. the streets are full of life, and sometimes this is the time when life just begins. In many other European cities, at 6 p.m., the city looks like it switched off all of a sudden. There are no people around anymore and the ambient was really driving us to de- pression. This is definitely not going to happen In Italy, graduate students have to go through in Italy! a ridiculously funny ritual. After the official -cer In an Italian university city, going for a walk at emony, students dress up in goofy costumes 9 or 10 p.m., especially in spring-summer-fall, (usually a giant diaper, a hula skirt, or a funny makes you feel ‘in good company’, always sur- hat), sit on a bench and wait for their peers and rounded by people. In the southern part, most family to clutter them with either ketchup, eggs shops have the closing time at 8:30 p.m. and or other food substances. Students also hang that makes life easier for students who always around posters representing caricatures with forget to get food before closing time. an embarrassing anecdote of their colleagues. 7. So many English-taught degrees you won’t 9. Surrounded by arts, architecture and know what to choose fashion In Italy, you can find a suitable study pro- Particularly students who chose Italy to study gramme in any field you can imagine, from a degree in fields like art, architecture or fash- Arts to Computer Science, many of which are ion will never regret their decision. Even if you English-taught. See which are the most popular came to Italy to study anything else, you will study programmes taught in English. Here are surely appreciate these emblematic features of a few options you can consider, depending on the Italian culture. Italy is the birthplace of Renaissance art, every- your chosen university: girls easier than in other countries, using their charms to complement them. The specialists can be found in the biggest cities frequented by tourists. And let’s not forget how romantic the Italian language sounds! There are plenty of language courses to help you mas- ter the language of Latin romance. Apart from that, Italy is filled with wonderful and charming attractions that will make you dream with your eyes open and even if you won’t find your soul mate, you’ll certainly fall in love with Italy.

You would have to pass around 20 exams to where you go in Italy, you’ll see nothing but ar- successfully complete a degree (around eight chitectural wonders that stood the test of time exams in each academic year) and most of and as for fashion, what else is there to say? them are oral exams. In some specialised fields, It’s a well-known fact that Italians are elegant such as medicine or engineering, you will be re- and sharp dressers and they owe it to several quired to pass 40 or 50 exams. famous fashion brands and houses. Oral examinations make life easier for a lot of 10. Great place to meet your soulmate students, but if you’re shy you might feel a bit Italy is one of the most romantic places on uncomfortable with this kind of examination. earth. After all, Shakespeare’s most famous But adjusting to this type of exams is a good work ‘Romeo and Juliet’ talks about a love sto- exercise for developing your communication ry that happened in Verona, Italy. Leaving the abilities. tragic part aside, finding your true ‘amore’ in 8. The ridiculous graduation ritual Italy is quite possible. Italian guys chase after www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 85 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy A cultural Grand Tour through the most

anked in first place in the world for number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, It- Raly is an unparalleled destination when it comes to history and culture. Upper-class young European men knew it very well, when, between late 1600s and 1800s, devoted themselves to the “Grand Tour” of Europe’s most beautiful cities: the highlight of their journey of cultural growth and amusement was indeed the Bel Paese. If we should retrace a cultural Grand Tour today, our must-do stops would be many. Let’s start from northern and central Ita- ly, then we will move to the south. Milan It’s a modern, cosmopolitan city, at the same time rich in historical evidence and places of art: its amazing Cathedral, the symbol of the city, the Basilica of Sant’Ambrogio, the Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie that contains The exhibitions. but have a stop in Vicenza, UNESCO Heritage Last Supper, the well-known masterpiece by Genoa site thanks to the valued works by Palladio, in Leonardo Da Vinci, and its museums, among With its eminent past of Maritime Republic, Padua, among medieval towers, noble squares which stand out the Brera Art Gallery, the Mu- Genoa boasts one of the largest historical cen- and museums (first of all the Scrovegni Chapel seum of the XX Century and the Pinacoteca Am- ters in Europe, spread on a maze of squares and frescoed by Giotto), and Mantua, art city linked brosiana. Just one hour by car from downtown narrow alleys (the caruggi). Old churches, like to the legacy of the Gonzaga family, one of the Milan, well worth a visit are Pavia, with the Vis- the Cathedral of San Lorenzo and the Basilica of best examples of Italian Renaissance. conti Castle, the Cathedral, the Ponte Coperto San Siro, and XVI century buildings, dominate and the Certosa, and Bergamo, with its medi- the center of the city. The so called “Strade Venice eval center lying on the hills and embraced by Nuove” together with the “Palazzi dei Rolli” – a Millennial capital of the Republic of Venice, the Venetian walls (also a UNESCO World Her- set of noble buildings dating to the late Renais- unanimously recognized as one of the most itage Site). sance and Baroque era that housed illustrious romantic cities in the world, the “Serenissi- Turin Grand Tour travelers – enjoy the recognition of ma” boasts an extraordinary historical center, Capital of the ancient Duchy of Savoy, today UNESCO Heritage site. UNESCO World Heritage site together with its as then, Turin attracts visitors for its elegant lagoon. Many are the opportunities to feed squares and buildings, like the Royal Palace, Verona your hunger for culture, starting from St Mark’s Palazzo del Governo and Palazzo Madama, the It is the quintessential “city of love”, but offers Square with the St Mark’s Basilica, the Bell Tow- major Residences of the Royal House of Savoy much more than the myth of Romeo and Juliet: er and the Doge’s Palace, without neglecting declared UNESCO World Heritage sites (togeth- starting from its city center overflowing with art the churches of Santa Maria della Salute, Santa er with, among others, the Castle of Valentino and archaeological sites, such as the Arena, the Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, the synagogues of the and Villa della Regina), the Cathedral dating to unmistakable symbol of the city, the Roman the- Jewish ghetto, the many beautiful palaces over- the XV century keeping the Holy Shroud, and atre and the walls, the Scaliger-dynasty squares looking canals, campi (the local squares) and the museums, like the eminent Egyptian Muse- and palaces. A cultural tour of Verona cannot calli (the streets) and the extensive network of um (second only to the Cairo museum) and the National Museum of Cinema, housed inside the Mole Antonelliana. Aosta and its castles In the heart of the Aosta valley, framed by the mountains, Aosta encloses many places of cultural and historical interest dating to the Ro- man period (not by chance it is nicknamed the “Rome of the Alps”), like the Roman Theatre and the Arch of Augustus. The region is also scattered with fascinating castles (more than 130) with interesting museum collections: like the Castle of Saint-Pierre, the Castle of Verrès and the Savoy Castle in Gressoney-Saint-Jean. Without leaving out the Fort Bard, housing ancient and modern art displays and temporary

86 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org evocative places in northern and central Italy

the Civic Museums (among which, in addition 2020, and go discovering other extraordinary to the Doge’s Palace, also the Museo Correr, Ca’ cultural places, UNESCO World heritage sites, Rezzonico, Ca’ Pesaro and Palazzo Mocenigo). in the area: nearby Modena, with its amazing Cathedral, the Ghirlandina Bell Tower and Pi- Trieste azza Grande, Ravenna, with its early Christian A border town with a Habsburg past, Trieste is a and Byzantine masterpieces, and Ferrara, a re- crossroads of cultures with a strong Middle-Eu- naissance city with its renowned castle and the ropean identity. Very elegant its squares – first “Delizie estensi”. of which Piazza Unità d’Italia – and refined its buildings, as well as its interesting mixture of Florence catholic, orthodox and Hebraic religious archi- The cradle of the Renaissance, a city of art and tecture. At the gates of the city are majestic history with a priceless heritage, Florence has castles, like the well-known Miramare Castle. an unparalleled beauty, and you can’t but fall Just a few kilometers away from the city center, in love with its majestic historical center, rec- you reach Aquileia, with its Roman ruins, UN- ognized UNESCO heritage site – Piazza della Si- ESCO Heritage site together with Palmanova, gnoria, Ponte Vecchio, Piazza del Duomo, Santa enclosed by walls and with an odd star-shaped Maria Novella – with the wonderful treasures of plant, and Udine, with its castle and medieval the Uffizi Galleries and Galleria dell’Accademia. architecture examples. A cultural tour in the surroundings should also include Siena, whose historical center is UNES- Bologna CO World heritage site too, Pisa with the well- Bologna is an important city of art and culture: known Piazza dei Miracoli, Arezzo, a real open UNESCO’s city of music since 2006, it hous- air museum, and San Gimignano, the “city of es the oldest university in the western world one hundred towers”. and shows off a historical center made up of squares, towers (the symbol of the city) and Assisi long covered walkways. The heart of the city The city that gave birth to Saint Francis ad is Piazza Maggiore, overlooked by the Basilica Saint Clare, Assisi is one of the most evocative of San Petronio and elegant historical build- medieval hamlets in Umbria, with a spiritual ings. From Bologna, our cultural tour can con- atmosphere and a timeless charm: the village tinue to Parma, Italian capital of culture for is dominated by the Rocca Maggiore with its mighty walls, the Basilica of Saint Francis (inside is the Saint Francis cycle by Giotto), the Pala- zzo del Capitano del Popolo and the Torre del Popolo. In the Umbria region, we recommend continuing your cultural grand tour to Perugia, a small artistic and monumental jewel, then a little further north, in Gubbio, another pictur- esque hamlet among the best kept in the region, and a little further south, in Spoleto, “the most beautiful discovery in Italy” according to Herman Hesse, and Orvieto, well-known for its extraordinary gothic cathedral and the under- ground city.

www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 87 Special Supplement on the National Day of Republic of Italy

Italy’s best art cities to explore

n flat cities, the bicycle has always been the cycle in the middle of nature, you just have to and pedestrian area away from cars. The bicycle most common means of transport and it is go a little south of Ferrara, in the Po Delta Park: is the best way to visit Piazza dell’Anfiteatro, Istill so today, thanks to cycling lanes, bike- there are plenty of easy itineraries between the Ducal Palace, the Clock Tower, Piazza San sharing systems and an increasingly green land and water, where you can enjoy a real Michele and the Cathedral and especially approach. Cycling is the best way to move safari by bicycle among cormorants, deers and to have the full tour of the old city walls: the around in the city but also to enjoy the city wild horses. walls itinerary is about 4,5 km long with several as a tourist: what about feeling the breeze in points where you can rent a bike. The route your hair and the sense of freedom? There’s Mantua offers many convenient slopes to access the no comparison! What’s more, by bike you can The bicycle is perfect to visit downtown Mantua, city center. By bicycle, you can also get to the cover long distances quickly and with little the jewel of the Gonzaga family: you can easily villas and churches in the surroundings, like effort, it is cheap and you don’t have to worry move around from the Ducal Palace to Palazzo Villa Oliva and Villa Grabau. about parking. If you like cycling, these eight Te, Piazza delle Erbe and the Basilica. Exploring Italian art cities are just perfect for exploration the surroundings of the city on the two wheels Vicenza on two wheels. is also convenient and full of interesting With riding a bike, you can easily visit the city itineraries: the lakefronts, Bosco Fontana and center of Vicenza – from the Basilica Palladiana Ferrara, the city of the Este family, boasts an Bosco della Carpaneta, the Mincio River Nature to the Palazzo del Capitanio, from the Olympic amazing historical center that is Unesco World Reserve, the Forcello Archeological Park, or the Theatre to the Cathedral – and the wonderful heritage site, rich in Renaissance squares and Unesco Cycleway from Mantua to Sabbioneta, Renaissance buildings that earned the city buildings – the Castello Estense, the Town Hall, UNESCO World Heritage site together with the Unesco world heritage title: the Palladian the Diamond Palace, the Cathedral – and has Mantua, and the Mincio Cycling Lane, from Villas, a masterpiece by architect Palladio. had a bike friendly character for a long time: downtown Mantua to Peschiera, on Lake Garda Along routes at the foot of the Berici Hills and the first cycling lane was accomplished in 1908. (43,5 km long). cycling lanes like the Riviera Berica Cycling One third of its inhabitants move by bicycle Lane (36 km), a former railway line, you leave and there are many events and itineraries for Lucca Vicenza flanking Villa La Rotonda by Palladio cyclists anywhere in the area. If you want to The historical center of Lucca is a huge cycling until Noventa Vicentina, where a must-do stop

88 Diplomatic Focus June 2021 www.diplomaticfocus.org is Villa Barbarigo-Loredan-Rezzonico, or along the Bacchiglione Ceresone Cycleway (31 km) connecting Vicenza to Padua. Parma A small bike-friendly town, Italian capital of culture in 2020, Parma is ideal for exploration on two wheels: unmissable stopovers are the Ducal Palace and the Ducal Park, the museum complex of Palazzo della Pilotta, and the heart of the city, Piazza Duomo with the Cathedral and the Baptistery. An easy, quiet excursion by bike from Parma is to the Torrechiara Castle, of the late medieval period, consisting of a 36 km-long flat path. Along the way, the hamlet of Vigatto, with the Church of St Peter and Villa Meli Lupi, is also worth a visit. An interesting tour is the loop in the lands of Giuseppe Verdi through cycling lanes in the districts of Soragna, San Secondo, Roccabianca, Zibello and Busseto, where famous composer Giuseppe Verdi was The Spoleto-Norcia- Trento and Rovereto born. Assisi Cycleway Trento has a millenary historical center that can be easily visited by bike: starting from Piazza In Umbria, you can have an amazing journey Pesaro and the Duomo, with the Cathedral and the frescoed “Bicipolitana” on two wheels along the cycling lane between buildings, Palazzo Pretorio and the Civic Tower, Spoleto, Norcia and Assisi, among the region’s and then shifting to the Buonconsiglio Castle Eco-sustainable mobility is a special feature major historical and artistic beauties. Mainly and MUSE, the science museum. The beautiful of Pesaro that conceived an odd project: the flat, this route unwinds in a scenic setting Vallagarina Cycling lane heads south flanking Bicipolitana, a network of cycling lanes divided dotted with mild hills, often along waterways. the shores of the Adige River arrives at Rovereto in different lines organized as a metro network. The leg from Spoleto to Assisi is about 50 km (30 km), with its downtown with a Venetian The blue line connects the Port to Fosso Sejore, long to which you can add the 50 km-long atmosphere, seat of the unmissable MART, on the seaside, the green line Baia Flaminia itinerary of the former railway line Spoleto – the contemporary and modern art museum of to Borgo Santa Maria along the Foglia River, Norcia, with gentle slopes and a bumpy track. Trento and Rovereto. The cycling lane continues the yellow line the city center to Pantano, for to the south for more 20 kilometers, among Impressive stopovers along the cycle-way a total of twelve lines with new ones under vineyards and panoramic views, until Avio, include Trevi, enlisted in the association of construction. Line 1, instead, crosses the where is the Sabbionara Castle; alternatively, in Italy’s most beautiful villages, Bevagna, an old heart of the historical center, passing through Rovereto you can take the Adige-Garda cycling town with a lovely medieval square, and the Piazza del Popolo, the birth house of well- lane, from the beautiful village of Mori to Pissignano Castle. known composer Gioacchino Rossini and the Torbole, from where you pedal along the lake Miralfiore Park. until Riva del Garda. www.diplomaticfocus.org Diplomatic Focus June 2021 89