Civil Rights Movement in Pictures

CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT | IN PICTURES 1

School Segregation Protest Mother and Daughter at U.S. Supreme Court Journalists Reading Newspapers 1954, St. Louis, MO. Protest march against the May 1954, Washington, DC. On the steps of the May 17, 1954, Atlanta, GA. William Gordon (right), segregation of U.S. schools. U.S. Supreme Court, Nettie Hunt explains to her managing editor of the Atlanta Daily World and Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann daughter, Nickie, the meaning of the high court's pressman, Kimber Boddie, check a copy of the ruling in Brown v. Board of Education. Memphis World carrying the story of the Supreme Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann Court's decision to end segregation in public schools. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann

Children-The First Day Of Desegregation School Integration, Barnard School School Integration Conflicts September 8, 1954, Fort Myer, VA. Following a May 27, 1955, Washington, DC. A line of African December 4, 1956, Clinton, TN. African-American Defense Department order ending segregation, a American and white school girls standing in a boys walking through a crowd of white boys during black and a white third grader face each other on classroom while boys sit behind them. a period of violence related to school integration. the first day of racial desegregation in Fort Myer Courtesy of the Library of Congress Prints and Courtesy of the Library of Congress Prints and Elementary School, which is operated for children Photographs Division, LC-U9- 183B-20 Photographs Division, LC-U9- 657B-14. of military personnel. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann

CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT | IN PICTURES 2

Black Students Integrate Little Rock’s Central African American Students Enter High School Robert F. Wagner with Little Rock Students High School with Military Escort 1958. New York City Mayor Robert Wagner September 6, 1957, Little Rock, AK. Elizabeth September 26, 1957, Little Rock, AK. African- greeting the teenagers who integrated Central Eckford, one of the nine black students whose American students walk up the steps of Little High School, Little Rock, Arkansas. Pictured, front admission to Little Rock's Central High School Rock Central High School, flanked by soldiers row, left to right: Minnijean Brown, Elizabeth was ordered by a Federal Court following legal carrying out President Eisenhower's orders to Eckford, Carlotta Walls, Mayor Wagner, Thelma action by NAACP legal defense fund attorneys. enforce a Federal Court ruling to integrate Little Mothershed, Gloria Ray; back row, left to right: Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann Rock Central High School. Terrance Roberts, Ernest Green, Melba Pattilo, Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann Jefferson Thomas. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, New York World- Telegram & Sun Collection, LC-USZ62-125125.

Thurgood Marshall and Little Rock Students Little Rock Rally at State Capitol US Marshals with Ruby Bridges Leaving William August 22, 1958, Washington, DC. Lawyer August 20, 1959. A group of people, several Frantz Elementary School Thurgood Marshall and civil rights activist Daisy holding signs and American flags, protesting the 1960 c., New Orleans, LA. After a federal court Bates join several members of the "Little Rock integration and admission of the "Little Rock ordered the desegregation of schools in the Nine," the first students to integrate Central High Nine" to Central High School. South, U.S. Marshals escort a young Ruby from School. Library of Congress, U.S. News & World Report Magazine school while segregationist protests continued. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann Photograph Collection, LC-DIG-ppmsca-19754 Marshals also escorted Bridges to school.

CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT | IN PICTURES 3

Nearly Empty Desegregated School James Meredith Ole Miss Integration Demonstrators Protest School Segregation September 5, 1962, Englewood, NJ. African- October 1, 1962, Mississippi. James Meredith January 29, 1963, NY. Demonstrators & Congress of American students sit in a nearly empty classroom in walking to class at Mississippi University Racial Equality participate in all-night demonstration newly desegregated Lincoln School during a boycott accompanied by U.S. marshals. outside the office of acting School Superintendent by students protesting desegregation. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. U.S. News Bernard Donovan at the Board of Education. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann & World Report Magazine Collection, LC-DIG-ppmsca-04292. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann

Vivian Malone Leaving Class Merlie Evers Speaking at Microphone Mother Removing Child from Desegregated School June 12, 1963, Tuscaloosa, AL. Vivian Malone, August 25, 1963, Washington, DC. Merlie Evers, September 16, 1963, Graymont School, Birmingham, one of the first African-American students to widow of the slain integrationist leader Medgar AL. A young child walks with his angry mother as she attend the University of Alabama, exits a building Evers, is shown addressing a National Association removes him from Graymont School in Birmingham, on campus where she attended her fist class. for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) which has just become desegregated. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann Freedom Rally at Howard University. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann

Civil Rights March Civil Rights March in Washington, DC Fair Housing Protest September 28, 1963, Washington, DC. A procession September 28, 1963. A crowd of African Americans May 10, 1964, Seattle, WA. Participants of the of African Americans carrying signs for equal rights, and whites surrounding the Reflecting Pool during CORE-sponsored demonstration sitting in front of integrated schools, decent housing and an end to bias. Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech. realtor office of Picture Floor Plans, Inc. Courtesy of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Courtesy of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Courtesy of Seattle Municipal Archives Photograph Division Division Collection, Records of the Office of the Mayor, #63897 CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT | IN PICTURES 4

Fair Housing Protest Fair Housing Protest Lyndon Johnson signing Civil Rights Act May 10, 1964, Seattle, WA. Participants of the May 10, 1964, Seattle, WA. Participants of the July 2, 1964, Washington, DC. President Lyndon CORE-sponsored demonstration sitting in front of CORE-sponsored demonstration inside the realtor B. Johnson signing the 1964 Civil Rights Act as realtor office of Picture Floor Plans, Inc. office of Picture Floor Plans, Inc. Martin Luther King, Jr., and others look on. Courtesy of Seattle Municipal Archives Photograph Courtesy of Seattle Municipal Archives Photograph Collection, Records of the Office of the Mayor, #63905 Collection, Records of the Office of the Mayor, #63902

Civil Rights March from Selma to Montgomery Civil Rights March from Selma to Montgomery Abernathy Children Lead Marchers for Right to Vote 1965, Montgomery, AL. Blacks and whites 1965, Montgomery, AL. Some participants in the 1965. Civil Rights Movement Co-Founder Dr. Ralph marching for civil rights. civil rights march sitting on a wall resting. David Abernathy and his wife Mrs. Juanita Abernathy Courtesy of the Library of Congress Prints and Courtesy of the Library of Congress Prints and follow with Dr. and Mrs. Martin Luther King, Jr. as the Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-08102 Photographs Division, LC-USZ6-2329 Abernathy children march on the front line, leading the Selma to Montgomery March. Courtesy of Donzaleigh Abernathy on behalf of the Abernathy Family/CC BY-SA 4.0

We March with Selma! Signing of the Voter Rights Act Class of African American and white school March 15, 1965, New York City, NY. Marchers August 6, 1965. President Johnson and Martin children lead the way as 15,000 parade on street in Luther King, Jr. at the signing of the Voting Rights February 21, 1973, Charlotte, NC. First grade Harlem. Act. class of African American and white school Library of Congress, New York World-Telegram & Sun children seated on the floor in Albemarle Road Collection, Reproduction Number LC-USZ62-135695 Elementary School. Courtesy of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-U9- 27228-9 CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT | IN PICTURES 5

South Boston HS Desegregation Busing Only African-American Student Attending School Black and White Female Students Holding Hands 1974, Boston, MA. African-American students August 12, 1974, Boston, MA. Black student September 15, 1975, Boston, MA. A black and a boarding bus as part of Phase I plan to remedy Valerie Banks is the only student in class at a white student grasp hands as their school bus school desegregation in Boston. predominately all white South Boston High School pulls up in front of Charlestown High School Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 as thousands of families boycott court ordered during the second week of the phase 2 school desegregation schools. integration of Boston, where a marked increase in Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann attendance among whites previously boycotting classes has been reported. Donated and copyrighted by Corbis – Bettmann