Chronological List of Works Discussed

This is a selected list, limited to those novels, movies, and other creative works that I have discussed more than in passing. Unfortunately, there is no ideal way to set out such a list. I have settled on chronological order, except that I have grouped items by the same author or in the same movie franchise. When in doubt, I have erred on the side of including inherently important works if they receive more than a mention in the text. The number of works listed for a particular author is not necessarily an indication of the relative space given to discussion of the author in the main text. For example, I list only two works for Samuel R. Delany, but one of them, Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand, is discussed at substantial length. Although the works I have chosen for discussion have been strongly influenced by my particular focus on science fiction and moral philosophy, what follows could function as a reasonable introductory reading and viewing list for people wishing to immerse themselves in the SF genre.

Early Modernity

Johannes Kepler. Somnium, Sive Astronomia Lunaris (completed c. 1608– 1609, but not formally published until 1634). Jonathan Swift. Gulliver’s Travels (1726; full original title Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. In Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of several Ships).

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017 195 R. Blackford, Science Fiction and the Moral Imagination, Science and Fiction, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-61685-8 196 Chronological List of Works Discussed From Shelley to Wells

Mary Shelley. Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818). ——. The Last Man (1826). Edgar Allan Poe. “Mellonta Tauta” (1848). Jules Verne. Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea (first serialized 1869– 1870). Robert Louis Stevenson. Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886). Edward Bellamy. Looking Backward, 2000–1887 (1888). H.G. Wells. The Time Machine (1895). ——. The Island of Doctor Moreau (1896). ——. The Invisible Man (1897). ——. The War of the Worlds (1897). ——. When the Sleeper Wakes (first serialized 1898–1899; revised and published in book form as The Sleeper Awakes 1910). ——. The First Men in the Moon (1901). ——. The Food of the Gods and How it came to Earth (1904). ——. The World Set Free (1914).

Twentieth-Century Developments

E.M. Forster. “The Machine Stops” (1909). Edgar Rice Burroughs. A Princess of Mars (1912). Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Herland (1915).  Karel Capek R.U.R. [play] (1920). ——. The Makropulos Affair [play] (1922). ——. War with the Newts (1936). George Bernard Shaw. Back to Methuselah (A Metabiological Pentateuch) [play sequence] (published 1921; first produced 1922). Metropolis (dir. Fritz Lang; novelization of the screenplay 1926, cinematic release 1927). E.E. “Doc” Smith. The Skylark of Space (1928). ——. Galactic Patrol (1937). ——. Gray Lensman (1939). ——. Skylark DuQuesne (1966). Olaf Stapledon. Last and First Men (1930). ——. Odd John: A Story Between Jest and Earnest (1935). ——. Sirius (1944). Philip Wylie. Gladiator (1930). Chronological List of Works Discussed 197

——. The Disappearance (1951). Aldous Huxley. Brave New World (1932). ——. After Many a Summer (1939; also known as After Many a Summer Dies the Swan). ——. Ape and Essence (1948). ——. Island (1962). King Kong (dir. Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack, 1933). Things to Come (dir. William Cameron Menzies, 1936). C.S. Lewis. Out of the Silent Planet (1938). Don A. Stuart (John W. Campbell, Jr.). “Who Goes There?” (1938). A.E. van Vogt. Slan (1940). ——. The Weapon Makers (first serialized 1943; published in book form 1947 and in revised form 1952). Robert A. Heinlein. Methuselah’s Children (first serialized 1941; expanded and published in book form 1958). ——. Tunnel in the Sky (1955). ——. Starship Troopers (1959; originally published in serial form as Starship Soldier). ——. Stranger in a Strange Land (1961). ——. The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966). ——. Friday (1982). Arthur C. Clarke. Against the Fall of Night (first serialized 1948; expanded and published in book form 1953). ——. The Sands of Mars (1951). ——. Childhood’s End (1953). ——. The City and the Stars (1956). ——. 2001: A Space Odyssey [novel] (1968). ——. Rendezvous with Rama (1973). George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair). Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949). Isaac Asimov. “The Evitable Conflict” (1950). ——. Foundation (1951). ——. Foundation and Empire (1952). ——. Second Foundation (1953). ——. The End of Eternity (1955). ——. Foundation’s Edge (1982). ——. The Robots of Dawn (1983). ——. Robots and Empire (1985). Ray Bradbury. The Martian Chronicles (1950; subsequently published in the UK in slightly different form as The Silver Locusts). ——. Fahrenheit 451 (1953). 198 Chronological List of Works Discussed

Philip Jose Farmer. “The Lovers” (1952). ——. The Lovers (1961). Vercors (Jean Bruller). Les Animaux Denatures (1952). Theodore Sturgeon. More than Human (1953). ——. Venus Plus X (1960). William Golding. Lord of the Flies (1954). John Wyndham (full name John Wyndham Parkes Lucas Beynon Harris). The Chrysalids (1955; published in the US as Re-Birth). James Blish. The Seedling Stars (1956). ——. A Case of Conscience (1958). Forbidden Planet (dir. Fred M. Wilcox, 1956). Alfred Bester. The Stars My Destination (first serialized 1956–1957; first published in book form 1957 as Tiger! Tiger!). Kurt Vonnegut. The Sirens of Titan (1959). ——. Cat’s Cradle (1963). Walter M. Miller. A Canticle for Leibowitz (1960). Stanislaw Lem. Solaris (1961). Philip K. Dick. The Man in the High Castle (1962). ——. Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (1968). Frank Herbert. Dune (1965). Star Trek [television series] (1966–1969). 2001: A Space Odyssey [film] (dir. Stanley Kubrick, 1968). John Brunner. Stand on Zanzibar (1968). Ursula K. Le Guin. The Left Hand of Darkness (1969). ——. The Word for World is Forest (1972). ——. “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas” (1973). ——. The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia (1974). Arkady and Boris Strugatsky. Roadside Picnic (1972). Joe Haldeman. The Forever War (1974). Joanna Russ. The Female Man (1975). Samuel R. Delany. Trouble on Triton: An Ambiguous Heterotopia (1976; originally published as Triton: An Ambiguous Heterotopia). ——. Stars in My Pocket like Grains of Sand (1984). Marge Piercy. Woman on the Edge of Time (1976). ——. He, She and It (1991; subsequently published in the UK as Body of Glass). Frederik Pohl. Man Plus (1976). James Tiptree Jr. (Alice B. Sheldon) “Houston, Houston, Do You Read?” (1976). Gregory Benford. In the Ocean of Night (1977). Chronological List of Works Discussed 199

——. Across the Sea of Suns (1984). ——. Great Sky River (1987). ——. Tides of Light (1989). ——. Furious Gulf (1994). ——. Sailing Bright Eternity (1995). ——. The Martian Race (1999). ——. The Sunborn (2005). Star Wars (dir. George Lucas, 1977; now known as Star Wars: Episode IV—A New Hope). Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (dir. Gareth Edwards, 2016). Octavia E. Butler. Kindred (1979). Barry B. Longyear. “Enemy Mine” (1979). Gene Wolfe. The Shadow of the Torturer (1980). Vernor Vinge. “True Names” (1981). ——. Marooned in Realtime (1986). Blade Runner (dir. Ridley Scott, 1982). Damien Broderick. The Judas Mandala (1982; revised in an Australian edition 1990). ——. Transcension (2002). Connie Willis. “Fire Watch” (1982) ——. Doomsday Book (1992). William Gibson. Neuromancer (1984). The Terminator (dir. James Cameron, 1984). Margaret Atwood. The Handmaid’s Tale (1985). Orson Scott Card. Ender’s Game (1985). Watchmen [comic-book limited series] (scripted Alan Moore, 1986–1987). Iain M. Banks. Consider Phlebas (1987). ——. The Player of Games (1988). ——. Use of Weapons (1990). ——. Matter (2008). Michael Crichton. Jurassic Park [novel] (1990). Greg Egan. Quarantine (1992). ——. Permutation City (1994). Jurassic Park [film] (dir. Steven Spielberg, 1993). Jurassic World (dir. Colin Trevorrow, 2015). Nancy Kress. Beggars in Spain (1993). ——. Beggars and Choosers (1994). ——. Beggars Ride (1996). Kim Stanley Robinson. Red Mars (1993). ——. Green Mars (1994). 200 Chronological List of Works Discussed

——. Blue Mars (1996). ——. New York 2140 (2017). Mary Doria Russell. The Sparrow (1996). ——. Children of God (1998). Alison Sinclair. Blueheart (1996). Michael Marshall Smith. Spares (1996) Melissa Scott. Dreaming Metal (1997). Ted Chiang. “Story of Your Life” (1998). Mike Resnick. Kirinyaga: A Fable of Utopia (1998). The Matrix (dir. The Wachowskis, 1999).

Twenty-first Century

A.I. Artificial Intelligence (dir. Steven Spielberg, 2001). Cixin Liu (Liu Cixin). The Three-Body Problem (2006; trans. Ken Liu 2014). ——. The Dark Forest (2008; trans. Joel Martinsen 2015). ——. Death’s End (2010; trans. Ken Liu 2016). X-Men: The Last Stand (dir. Brett Ratner, 2006). Avatar (dir. James Cameron, 2009) Watchmen [film] (dir. Zack Snyder, 2009). Her (dir. Spike Jonze, 2013). Ann Leckie. Ancillary Justice (2013). ——. Ancillary Sword (2014). ——. Ancillary Mercy (2015). Phillip Mann. The Disestablishment of Paradise: A Novel in Five Parts plus Documents (2013). Transcendence (dir. Wally Pfister, 2014). Ex Machina (dir. Alex Garland, 2015). Passengers (dir. Morten Tyldum, 2016). Index

A C Abjection, 99–102 Charismatic villains, 106, 108, 173, 182 AIDS, 97, 103 Christianity, 62, 70 Alien infestation, 132 Cinema, 16, 17, 39–41, 43, 87 Alien invasion, 6, 35, 41, 124, 131, Cloning, 113–114 142, 152 Colonialism, 4, 32, 67, 90, 133, 183 Aliens, 12, 14, 16, 40, 42, 53–54, Comics, 17, 39, 41, 43 64, 67–69, 71, 83, 89, 93, Computer games, 17, 39, 42, 43 113, 122, 123, 130–135, 137, Conformity, 58, 66, 79, 120, 121 139, 154, 155, 179, 181, 184, Consequentialism, 49–52, 75, 77 188–191 Creative evolution, 168, 169 Alternative history, 12 Cultural interference, 30, 72, 75, 82, Androids, 16, 41, 130, 142, 143, 119, 139, 140, 181 147, 148 Cyberpunk, 35–38, 41, 43, 111–112, Anthropology, 47, 48, 136, 139, 188 147, 171 Artificial intelligence, 14, 28, 36, Cyborgs, 16, 123, 124, 130, 144, 147, 41, 72, 77, 111, 122, 123, 148, 167, 171, 172 133, 141–147, 149–150, 165–167, 171, 174–175, 190, 191 D Authenticity, 77, 97 Deep time, 3–4, 6, 9, 83, 157, 179, 192 Deontology, 49–52 Dimorphic split, 80, 80n1, 165 B Dystopia, 24–26, 32–36, 40, 64, 78, Biotechnology, 79, 92, 95, 107, 108, 80–81, 89, 93, 95, 96, 110, 112, 110, 111–115, 144 114, 120–121, 138, 148, 158

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017 201 R. Blackford, Science Fiction and the Moral Imagination, Science and Fiction, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-61685-8 202 Index

E Genetic mutation, 16, 95, 131, 150, Ectogenesis, 96, 164, 164n3 152–153, 162 Egoism, 51, 76 Gernsback era, 26, 27, 40, 90, 110 Enabling form, 15, 45–73, 104 Global warming, 57 Environment, 7, 33, 80, 96, 104, 138, Golden Age of science fiction, 27–28, 171, 183–187 34, 82, 90, 110, 111, 166, 186 Epistemic limitations, 5, 53 Eroscentric ethics, 51 Ethic of destiny, 17, 68, 81–83, 116, H 138, 154, 163–166, 168–169, Happiness, 50, 51, 76–79, 82 175, 186 Hard science fiction, 37, 43, 111, Ethics, 44, 75, 131, 153, 173, 192 172, 173 Evil, 106, 109, 114, 158, 185, 191 History of science fiction, 21–44, 57 Evolution, 4, 6, 80–81, 130, 138, 150, Horror genre, 41 154, 158, 159, 161, 166–168, Human enhancement, 16, 81, 104, 111, 177, 179, 191 123, 141, 149, 157–158, 162– Exotic locales, 14 164, 166, 169, 171, 173–175, Experience machine (Nozick), 77 177–179, 177n1, 191 Human exceptionalism, 2, 4, 5, 71, 157, 178, 179, 191 F Human nature, 16, 60–61, 129, 130, – Fantasy genre, 8, 10, 12 13, 38, 40, 42, 158, 172, 177, 192 43, 59, 75, 84, 130, 166 Hypersexualization, 98 Fatalism, 53, 134 Faust, 107, 109, 126, 145 Feminism, 34, 35, 88, 94–98, 94n3, I 103, 103n4, 117, 120, 172 Immortality, 81, 92, 115, 116, 129, Feminist utopia, 93–96, 114 168–171, 174, 175 Flourishing, 50, 78–80 Industrial Revolution, 1–2, 4, 7–9, 21, Frankenstein complex, 145 105, 191 Frankenstein figures, 16, 108, 113, 117, Intelligent Others, 16, 52, 130–132, 118, 125, 126, 144, 148, 159, 143–144, 147, 148, 155, 172, 174, 180 175, 191 Future, concepts of, 1–4, 8, 21, 22, 105, Intra-generational change, 7, 157 157, 177, 191

J G James Tiptree Jr. Award, 103 Galilean personality, 16, 52, 108, 117–124, 126, 146, 163, 168, 174 K Gender, 35, 92–96, 98, 100, 101, 123 Kantian ethics, 75–76 Index 203

L Pinocchio effect, 147, 147n2, 190 Language, 96, 97, 100–101, 103 Planetary romance, 25 Life extension, 169 Political thrillers, 25 Lost worlds, 25, 40, 93, 135, 188 Post-anthropocentric ethic, 192 Post-cyberpunk, 36, 38, 174 Posthumanism, 16, 178, 178n2, 179, M 179n3, 184, 192 Manga, 39 Preference satisfaction, 50–51, 77 Marriage, 78, 89, 93, 96 Promethean figures, 16, 107, 118, 119, Mega-text, 28, 30, 36, 43, 53, 73, 102, 121, 125, 126, 146, 180 103, 131, 142, 154, 173, 192 Problem of evil, 68 Metaethics, 48, 61, 63, 71 Prostitution, 137 Military service, 59, 72, 84–86 Mind-machine interface, 36, 111, 172 Mind storage, 167 r Mind uploading, 95, 173–174, 178 Racism, 25, 34, 46, 111, 116, 136 Modes, narrative, 10, 58, 105 Radio, 17, 39, 41, 42, 177 Monsters, 11, 28, 40, 41, 106, 109, Relativism, 60, 68, 91, 97, 100, 102, 112–113, 115, 130, 132, 142, 106, 140 152, 170 Religious morality, 61, 75, 78, 92, 97, Moral dilemmas, 14, 62, 124, 192 103, 153 Moral intuitions, 24, 52, 63 Religious themes, 33, 53, 60–70, 83, 91, Moral philosophy, 14, 15, 24, 46–48, 92, 96–97, 118, 134, 137, 141, 57–60, 76, 85 153, 182–185 Mutants, 16, 29, 95, 105, 105n1, Ring of Gyges, 109, 175 116, 130–131, 151–153, 155, Robots, 16, 28, 30, 90, 110, 112, 162, 191 113, 130, 131, 142–148, Mutual aid, 58, 120 152, 154, 155, 166, Myth, 4, 10, 126, 129, 167, 168, 175 170, 191 Rogue male, 115, 117, 125–127

N Neural modification, 28, 172 S New Space Opera, 38 Satire, 21, 23, 31, 32, 38, 58, 90–92, New wave, 33–35, 38, 42, 111 107, 135–138, 159, 160, 188 Nudity, 89, 90, 101 Science, definition of, 2, 2n1, 3, 11 Science fiction, definition of, 8–13, 83 Scientific responsibility, 106, 109, 111, P 115, 126, 163, 182 Pantropy, 170, 186 Scientific revolution, 1–5, 8, 21, 105, Parable style, 52 157, 191 Pedagogy, 14, 15 Scientific romance, 18, 24, 25, 107 Philosophy, 14, 15, 23, 45–48, 104 Sense of wonder, 180–182 204 Index

Sexuality and sexual morality, 15, Time travel, 8, 30, 34, 38, 52, 53, 82, 32–34, 78–80, 89, 90, 92–94, 96, 87, 95, 144, 172 100–103, 119, 138 Transcendence, 102, 150, 166, 167, 169 Sin, 137 Transhumanism, 178–179, 179n3 Singularity, 171 Slavery, 34, 35, 79, 96, 99, 136, 137, 143, 180, 183 U Space opera, 26, 27, 36–41, 43, 59, 70, Utilitarianism, 23, 50–51, 75–78, 87, 107, 174, 190 81–83, 142 Spectacle, 16, 59, 87, 179, 182, 191 Utopia, 6, 21, 24, 25, 34, 79, 80, 89, Supererogatory acts, 47 94–96, 108, 110, 120, 138, 163, Superheroes, 39–43, 59, 76, 152, 162, 165, 172, 174, 175 171, 175 Superhuman abilities, 59, 105, 160–163, 173, 175 v Supernatural, 10, 11, 22, 62, 65, 66, Vices of character, 47, 92 83, 130 Vietnam war, 183 Supervillains, 39, 59, 76, 106, 108, 113, Virtual reality, 36, 53, 77 126, 152 Virtues, 47, 51, 57, 61, 132, 141 Survival, 37, 49, 57, 82, 85, 122, 131, Virtue ethics, 49–52 134, 141, 171 Voyage narratives, 21, 23, 107

T W Technothrillers, 13 War, 1, 6, 12, 22, 25, 29, 32, 34, 44, Telepathy, 34, 116, 135, 146, 147, 151, 55, 57, 59, 60, 62, 72, 76, 153, 154, 166 84–88, 95, 104, 110, 122, Television, 17, 39, 42, 43, 87, 177, 181 123, 131–132, 134, 136–137, Terraforming, 14, 72, 180, 180n4, 141–142, 144, 145, 182–187 152, 160, 162, 163, 175 Theology, 61–63, 67, 69 World building, 33, 186, 188–189