Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
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SEVENTY-SIXTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXVI THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA 7 1952 CONTENTS ARTICLES Page Editorial R. Norris Williams, 2d 3 English Origins of American Politics Roy F. Nichols 5 Shipwrecked in the West Indies, 1764 William W. Comfort 30 Anna Dickinson, Mark Twain, and Bret Harte James Harvey Young 39 A War on Philadelphia's Slums: Walter Vrooman and the Conference of Moral Workers, 1893 Harlan B. Phillips 47 Francis Hopkinson and the Grammarians Thomas P. Haviland 63 Robert Waln, Jr.: Quaker Satirist and Historian William S. Hastings 71 A Frontier Federalist and the War of 1812 William A. Williams 81 Daniel Coxe and The New Mediterranean Sea Company Albright G. Zimmerman 86 Sketch of Lynford Lardner 97 Robert Montgomery Bird, Editor Robert L. Bloom 123 The Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations and the Formation of the Philadelphia Workingmen's Movement Louis H. Arky 142 The Diaries of Sidney George Fisher (1834-1839) 177, 330, 440 The Political Theory of Benjamin Franklin Clinton Rossiter 259 Postscripts to the Voyage of the Merchant Ship United States William Bell Clark 294 French Comment on the Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776 J. Paul Selsam and Joseph G. Rayback 311 Gulielma Penn's Grave Henry J. Cadbury 326 A Projected British Attack Upon Philadelphia in 1781 George W. Kyte 379 Official Use of the German Language in Pennsylvania Robert A. Feer 394 A Rhymed Defense of William Penn, 1690 Frederick B. Tolles 406 Historic Indian Paths of Pennsylvania Paul A. W. Wallace 411 Abraham Simon Wolf Rosenbach, 1876-1952 Edwin Wolf 2nd 468 BOOK REVIEWS 101, 221, 353, 470 NOTICES 376, 490 REPORT OF THE TREASURER 249 iii THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA OFFICERS President BOYD LEE SPAHR Vice-Presidents HARROLD E. GILLINGHAM BOIES PENROSE JOSEPH CARSON FRANK H. MOSS EDWIN O. LEWIS CONYERS READ Recording Secretary RICHMOND P. MILLER Corresponding Secretary A. S. W. ROSENBACH [Deceased July 1, 1952] Treasurer FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND Counsel R. STURGIS INGERSOLL Councillors HENRY S. JEANES, JR. A. ATWATER KENT, JR. W. C. TUTTLE ERNEST C. SAVAGE WILLIAM WISTAR COMFORT CHARLES STEWART WURTS ROY F. NICHOLS SYDNEY E. MARTIN H. JUSTICE WILLIAMS ISAAC H. CLOTHIER, JR. ROBERT L. JOHNSON HAMILTON V. BAIL The Council of the Society is composed of the President, Vice-Presidents, Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer and Twelve Councillors. v STANDING COMMITTEES Executive Committee BOIES PENROSE JOSEPH CARSON W. C. TUTTLE RICHMOND P. MILLER ROY F. NICHOLS WILLIAM W. COMFORT Committee on Finance W. C. TUTTLE, Chairman In consultation with CHARLES STEWART WURTS FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND FRANK H. MOSS Committee on Library and Collections BOIES PENROSE, Chairman FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND ROY F. NICHOLS ERNEST C. SAVAGE HAMILTON V. BAIL Committee on Hall and Buildings JOSEPH CARSON, Chairman EDWIN O. LEWIS CHARLES STEWART WURTS A. ATWATER KENT, JR. SYDNEY E. MARTIN Committee on Membership and Activities RICHMOND P. MILLER, Chairman HAROLD D. EBERLEIN MRS. WALTER S. WHEELER H. JUSTICE WILLIAMS HENRY S. JEANES, JR. Committee on Nominations WILLIAM W. COMFORT, Chairman CHARLES STEWART WURTS HENRY S. JEANES, JR. Committee on Publications ROY F. NICHOLS, Chairman BOIES PENROSE CONYERS READ WILLIAM W. COMFORT R. N. WILLIAMS, 2D vi STAFF Director R. NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2D Research Librarian and Editor NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Associate Editor LoIs V. GIVEN Assistant in Charge of the Reading Room GEORGE H. FAIRCHILD Assistant in Charge of Manuscripts Division J. HARCOURT GIVENS Index Librarian EUGENE E. DOLL Assistant in Charge of Photo-reproduction LYNN M. BRITTINGHAM Assistant to the Treasurer SARA B. POMERANTZ Annual membership $10.00 Life membership 250.00 PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE, per annum (to non-members) 3.75 Payments may be made at the Hall of the Society, 1300 Locust Street vii THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXVI January, 1952 NO. 1 SEVENTY-SIXTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION Publications Committee CONYERS READ BOIES PENROSE ROY F. NICHOLS WILLIAM W. COMFORT R. NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2D Editor NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT % Associate Editor LOIS V. GIVEN Contributors ROY FRANKLIN NICHOLS developed his interest in the English origins of American politics while he was in England as Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1948-1949. Professor of American History at the University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Nichols is a member of the Council of The Historical Society of Pennsylvania. WILLIAM W. COMFORT, now President emeritus of Haverford College, was acting President of the College from 1917 to 1940. A prominent Friend and author, Dr. Comfort, like Roy F. Nichols, serves on the Council of The Historical Society and on the Publications Committee of this MAGAZINE. JAMES HARVEY YOUNG is an Associate Professor of History at Emory University, and has been working for several years on a biography of Anna Dickinson. HARLAN B. PHILLIPS is employed as an interviewer under the direction of Professor Allan Nevins in the Oral History Research Office at Columbia University. He has published articles in the South Atlantic Quarterly and the American His- torical Review. THOMAS P. HAVILAND is an Associate Professor in the English and American Civi- lization departments at the University of Pennsylvania. His special interest is colonial American literature. WILLIAM S. HASTINGS, of the Department of English at Purdue University, is com- pleting his doctorate in American Civilization at the University of Pennsyl- vania. He is making a study of aspects of a section of Philadelphia in the period 1819-1837. WILLIAM A. WILLIAMS is a member of the Department of History at the Ohio State University. He has recently completed a full-length study from primary sources of American-Russian relations, 1781-1947, which is tentatively scheduled for spring publication. ALBRIGHT G. ZIMMERMAN is a graduate of Temple University who is taking his doctorate at Columbia University. The Indian trade in colonial Pennsylvania is the topic of his dissertation. PRINTED IN U. S. A. by Wm. F. Fell Co., PHILADELPHIA, PA.