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Marine and Navigable Waters Spill Response Resources in Kenya

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Marine and Navigable Waters Spill Response Resources in Kenya NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN - MARINE Prepared for: Ministry of Petroleum and Mining Kenya Petroleum Technical Assistance Project (KEPTAP) Prepared by: Polaris Applied Sciences, Inc. 12525 131st Court NE Kirkland, WA. USA 98034 Elliott Taylor, PhD. Jose M. Rios, M.S. Principal and Sr. Marine Scientist Project Manager / Emergency Management Specialist [email protected] / Marine Scientist [email protected] Kenya Marine NCP Section 1: Introduction Table of Contents Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................................... xiv Plan Revision Log ...............................................................................................................................................xvii Plan Distribution List ..........................................................................................................................................xvii Quick Guide for Initial Response ....................................................................................................................... xviii 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Purpose and Scope ............................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Competent National Authority and Pertinent Laws .......................................................................... 1-3 1.2.1 International Conventions and Agreements ..................................................................................... 1-6 1.3 Responsibility for Marine Spill Incidents ........................................................................................... 1-7 1.3.1 Functions of a National Marine Oil Spill Response Contingency Plan Working Group..................... 1-7 1.3.2 Functions of the KMA Director General ............................................................................................ 1-7 1.3.3 Functions of the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) ....................................... 1-8 1.3.4 Functions of the National Disaster Operation Centre (NDOC) ......................................................... 1-8 1.3.5 Functions of the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (EPRA) ............................................. 1-9 1.3.6 Functions of the Kenya Port Authority (KPA).................................................................................... 1-9 1.3.7 Functions of the Kenya Coast Guard Service .................................................................................... 1-9 1.3.8 Functions of the other organizations ................................................................................................ 1-9 1.4 Relationship to Other Plans .............................................................................................................. 1-9 1.4.1 Local Plans....................................................................................................................................... 1-10 1.4.2 Western Indian Ocean Region ........................................................................................................ 1-11 1.5 Plan Review and Revision ................................................................................................................ 1-12 2 Initial Response, Notifications, and Reporting ...................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Initial Response ................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Notifications ...................................................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.1 Spills to the Marine Environment ..................................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.2 Spills to Land and Inland Non-Navigable Waters .............................................................................. 2-3 2.2.3 Notification Procedure...................................................................................................................... 2-3 2.3 Initial Tactical Response .................................................................................................................... 2-3 2.3.1 Site Command and Control ............................................................................................................... 2-4 2.3.2 Safety and Hazard Assessment ......................................................................................................... 2-5 2.3.3 Site Management.............................................................................................................................. 2-9 Version: January 2020 i Kenya Marine-NCP 2.3.4 Site Communications ........................................................................................................................ 2-9 2.4 Plan Activation .................................................................................................................................. 2-9 2.5 Spill Reports .................................................................................................................................... 2-10 2.6 Regional and International Reporting ............................................................................................. 2-10 3 Spill or Release Sources and Risk Assessment....................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Historical Spills Incidents ................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.1.1 Upstream Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 3-3 3.1.2 Midstream Hazards ........................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.1.3 Downstream Hazards ........................................................................................................................ 3-4 3.2 Hydrocarbon Types Handled in Kenya .............................................................................................. 3-7 3.2.1 Safety Data Sheets (SDS) ................................................................................................................... 3-7 3.3 Behaviour of Hydrocarbon Releases ................................................................................................. 3-8 3.3.1 Gas Hydrocarbons ............................................................................................................................. 3-8 3.3.2 Liquid Hydrocarbons ......................................................................................................................... 3-9 3.3.3 Oil on Water .................................................................................................................................... 3-11 3.3.4 Oil on Shorelines ............................................................................................................................. 3-11 3.4 Sensitive Areas ................................................................................................................................ 3-15 3.4.1 Environmental and Socio-Economic Sensitive Areas ...................................................................... 3-15 3.4.2 Cultural and Heritage Sensitive Areas ............................................................................................ 3-21 3.5 Spill Risk Assessment and Management Process for Industry ........................................................ 3-21 3.5.1 Analyse Protection Priorities .......................................................................................................... 3-21 3.5.2 Qualitative Risk Assessment ........................................................................................................... 3-22 3.5.3 Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment................................................................................................ 3-22 3.5.4 Risk Assessment Matrix and Risk Tolerability Criteria .................................................................... 3-23 4 Tiered Response Planning ..................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Tier Definitions .................................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Spill Classification .............................................................................................................................. 4-2 5 Response Management Organization ................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Levels of Response Organization ...................................................................................................... 5-2 5.2 Spill Response Governance ............................................................................................................... 5-3 5.3 Responsibilities.................................................................................................................................. 5-5 5.4 Organizational
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