Morphology and Ultrastructure of Brachymystax Lenok Tsinlingensis
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Chromosomal Study of the Lenoks, Brachymystax(Salmoniformes
Journal of Species Research 2(1):91-98, 2013 Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East I.V. Kartavtseva*, L.K. Ginatulina, G.A. Nemkova and S.V. Shedko Institute of Biology and Soil Science of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022 *Correspondent: [email protected], [email protected] An investigation of the karyotypes of two species of the genus Brachymystax (B. lenok and B. tumensis) has been done for the Russia Primorye rivers running to the East Sea basin, and others belonging to Amur basin. Based on the analysis of two species chromosome characteristics, combined with original and literary data, four cytotypes have been described. One of these cytotypes (Cytotype I: 2n=90, NF=110-118) was the most common. This common cytotype belongs to B. tumensis from the rivers of the East Sea basin and B. lenok from the rivers of the Amur basin, i.e. extends to the zones of allopatry. In the rivers of the Amur river basin, in the zone of the sympatric habitat of two species, each taxon has karyotypes with different chromosome numbers, B. tumensis (2n=92) and B. lenok (2n=90). Because of the ability to determine a number of the chromosome arms for these two species, additional cytotype have been identified for B. tum- ensis: Cytotype II with 2n=92, NF=110-124 in the rivers basins of the Yellow sea and Amur river and for B. lenok three cytotypes: Cytotype I: 2n=90, NF=110 in the Amur river basin; Cytotype III with 2n=90, NF=106-126 in the Amur river basin and Cytotypes IV with 2n=92, NF=102 in the Baikal lake. -
Revalidation and Redescription of Brachymystax Tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) from China
Zootaxa 3962 (1): 191–205 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.12 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F7864FFE-F182-455E-B37A-8A253D8DB72D Revalidation and redescription of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) from China YING-CHUN XING1,2, BIN-BIN LV3, EN-QI YE2, EN-YUAN FAN1, SHI-YANG LI4, LI-XIN WANG4, CHUN- GUANG ZHANG2,* & YA-HUI ZHAO2,* 1Natural Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China. 2Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 3Yellow River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xi’an, China. 4The College of Forestry of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China. *Corresponding authors: Yahui Zhao, [email protected]; Chunguang Zhang, [email protected] Abstract Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 is revalidated and redescribed. It can be distinguished from all congeners by the fol- lowing combination of characteristics: no spots on operculum; gill rakers 15-20; lateral-line scales 98-116; pyloric caeca 60-71. Unique morphological characters and genetic divergence of this species are discussed. This species has a limited distribution in several streams of the middle part of the Qinling Mountains in China. Methods for management and pro- tection of B. tsinlingensis need to be re-evaluated. Key words: Brachymystax, revalidation, redescription, Salmonidae, China Introduction The genus Brachymystax Günther, 1866, belonging to Salmonidae, Salmoniformes, is distributed in eastern and northern Asia with three currently recognized valid species (Froese & Pauly, 2014): B. -
Redescription and Molecular Characterisation Of
Russian Journal of Nematology, 2019, 27 (1), 57 – 66 Redescription and molecular characterisation of Comephoronema werestschagini Layman, 1933 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from the endemic Baikal fish Cottocomephorus grewingkii (Dybowski, 1874) (Scorpaeniformes: Cottocomephoridae) with some comments on cystidicolid phylogeny Sergey G. Sokolov, Ekaterina L. Voropaeva and Svetlana V. Malysheva Centre of Parasitology, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospect, 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia e-mail: [email protected] Accepted for publication 12 September 2019 Summary. The nematode Comephoronema werestschagini (Chromadorea: Cystidocolidae) is redescribed from the Baikal yellowfin Cottocomephorus grewingkii (Dybowski, 1874). Important morphological features, such as the presence of four submedian cephalic papillae, four well developed bilobed sublabia, two large lateral pseudolabia, pairs of rounded deirids, as well as the position of phasmids are reported for the first time in this species. The SSU rDNA-based phylogeny of the cystidicolids is defined according to the sequences obtained for C. werestschagini, C. oshmarini and Capillospirura ovotrichuria. The polyphyly of the Cystidocolidae is herein confirmed. All three studied species appear as members of Cystidicolidae s. str. clade; however, C. werestschagini and C. oshmarini are not phylogenetically related. Key words: 18S rDNA, Capillospirura ovotrichuria, Cystidicolidae, nematodes, phylogeny, SEM. The genus Comephoronema Layman, 1933 scorpaeniform fishes, but a number of authors have (Nematoda: Chromadorea: Cystidicolidae) includes noticed this species in some other Baikal fishes, in five species of nematodes, parasitic in freshwater particular Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773) fish of Eurasia, as well as some marine fish of the (Salmonidae), Lota lota (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lotidae) and Atlantic and Antarctic Oceans (Moravec et al., Thymallus arcticus (Pallas, 1776) (Salmonidae) s. -
Evolutionary and Taxonomic Relationships Among Far-Eastern Salmonid fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Divergence
Journal of Fish Biology (1996) 49, 815–829 Evolutionary and taxonomic relationships among Far-Eastern salmonid fishes inferred from mitochondrial DNA divergence S. V. S’*, L. K. G*, I. Z. P† A. V. E* *Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia and †Pacific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Vladivostok 690600, Russia (Received 30 August 1995, Accepted 14 April 1996) Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction analysis was used to examine the evolutionary and taxonomic relationships among 11 taxa of the subfamily Salmoninae. The genera Brachymystax and Hucho were closely related, diverging by sequence divergence estimates of 3·1%. Because the mtDNA sequence divergence between blunt- and sharp-snouted forms of Brachymystax (2·24%) was similar to divergence level of Brachymystax and Hucho, then taking into account the distinct morphological, ecological and allozyme differences between them, it is possible to recognize these forms as two separate species. The subgenus Parahucho formed a very distinct group differing by 6·35–7·08% (sequence divergence estimate) from both Brachymystax and Hucho and must be considered as a valid genus. The UPGMA and neighbour-joined phenograms showed that the five genera studied are divided into two main groupings: (1) Hucho, Brachymystax and Salvelinus; and (2) Oncorhynchus and Parahucho species. The mtDNA sequence divergence estimates between these groupings were about 8·1%. However, the subsequent bootstrap analysis of mtDNA RFLP data did not support the monophyly of the latter grouping. The concordance of morphological and mtDNA phylogenetic patterns is discussed. ? 1996 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles Key words: salmonid fishes; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeny. -
Biological Papers of the University of Alaska
BIOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA A review of Arctic grayling studies in Alaska, 1952-1982 Robert H. Armstrong Indexed bibliography of the holarctic genus Thymallus (grayling) to 1985 Robert H. Armstrong, Haakon Hop, and Julia H. Triplehorn NUMBER 23 DECEMBER 1986 INSTITUTE OF ARCTIC BIOLOGY ISSN 0568-8604 BIOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA EXECUTIVE EDITOR PRODUCTION EDITOR David W. Norton Sue Keller Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska-Fairbanks EDITORIAL BOARD Francis S. L. Williamson, Chairman Frederick C. Dean Bjartmar SveinbjBrnsson University of Alaska-Fairbanks University of Alaska-Anchorage Mark A. Fraker Patrick J. Webber Standard Alaska Production Co., Anchorage University of Colorado, Boulder Brina Kessel Robert G. White University of Alaska-Fairbanks University of Alaska-Fairbanks The Cover Dlustration: A mature male Arctic grayling, prepared for use by this publication by Betsy Sturm, graphic artist and graduate student with the Alaska Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Financial and in-kind support for this issue were provided by: Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Sport Fish, Juneau and Fairbanks U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Information Transfer A REVIEW OF ARCTIC GRAYLING STUDIES IN ALASKA, 1952-1982 INDEXED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLARCTIC GENUS THYMALLUS (GRAYLING) TO 1985 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publiclltion Data Grayling : review and bibliography. 23 (Biological Papers of the University of AJastca; no. ) 82 1 Contents: A Review of Arctic grayling studies in Alaska, 19.52-19 · by Robert H. Armstrong. Indexed bibliography of tbe holarctic genus Thymallus (grayling) to 1985 I by Robert II. -
Unravelling the Complex Duplication History of Deuterostome Glycerol Transporters
cells Article Unravelling the Complex Duplication History of Deuterostome Glycerol Transporters Ozlem Yilmaz 1,2 , François Chauvigné 3, Alba Ferré 3, Frank Nilsen 1, Per Gunnar Fjelldal 2, Joan Cerdà 3 and Roderick Nigel Finn 1,3,* 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Bergen High Technology Centre, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; [email protected] (O.Y.); [email protected] (F.N.) 2 Institute of Marine Research, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway; [email protected] 3 IRTA-Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (A.F.); [email protected] (J.C.) * Correspondence: nigel.fi[email protected] Received: 18 June 2020; Accepted: 8 July 2020; Published: 10 July 2020 Abstract: Transmembrane glycerol transport is an ancient biophysical property that evolved in selected subfamilies of water channel (aquaporin) proteins. Here, we conducted broad level genome (>550) and transcriptome (>300) analyses to unravel the duplication history of the glycerol-transporting channels (glps) in Deuterostomia. We found that tandem duplication (TD) was the major mechanism of gene expansion in echinoderms and hemichordates, which, together with whole genome duplications (WGD) in the chordate lineage, continued to shape the genomic repertoires in craniates. Molecular phylogenies indicated that aqp3-like and aqp13-like channels were the probable stem subfamilies in craniates, with WGD generating aqp9 and aqp10 in gnathostomes but aqp7 arising through TD in Osteichthyes. We uncovered separate examples of gene translocations, gene conversion, and concerted evolution in humans, teleosts, and starfishes, with DNA transposons the likely drivers of gene rearrangements in paleotetraploid salmonids. -
Fishes of Mongolia a Check-List of the fi Shes Known to Occur in Mongolia with Comments on Systematics and Nomenclature
37797 Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Environment and Social Development East Asia and Pacific Region THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, USA Telephone: 202 473 1000 Facsimile: 202 522 1666 E-mail: worldbank.org/eapenvironment worldbank.org/eapsocial Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Fishes of Mongolia A check-list of the fi shes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized MAURICE KOTTELAT Fishes of Mongolia A check-list of the fi shes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature Maurice Kottelat September 2006 ©2006 Th e International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 USA September 2006 All rights reserved. Th is report has been funded by Th e World Bank’s Netherlands-Mongolia Trust Fund for Environmental Reform (NEMO). Some photographs were obtained during diff erent activities and the author retains all rights over all photographs included in this report. Environment and Social Development Unit East Asia and Pacifi c Region World Bank Washington D.C. Contact details for author: Maurice Kottelat Route de la Baroche 12, Case Postale 57, CH-2952 Cornol, Switzerland. Email: [email protected] Th is volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/Th e World Bank. Th e fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of Th e World Bank or the governments they represent. -
Addressing Incomplete Lineage Sorting and Paralogy in the Inference of Uncertain Salmonid Phylogenetic Relationships
Addressing incomplete lineage sorting and paralogy in the inference of uncertain salmonid phylogenetic relationships Matthew A. Campbell1, Thaddaeus J. Buser2, Michael E. Alfaro3 and J. Andrés López1,4 1 University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska—Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA 2 Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA 3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4 College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska—Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA ABSTRACT Recent and continued progress in the scale and sophistication of phylogenetic research has yielded substantial advances in knowledge of the tree of life; however, segments of that tree remain unresolved and continue to produce contradicting or unstable results. These poorly resolved relationships may be the product of methodological shortcomings or of an evolutionary history that did not generate the signal traits needed for its eventual reconstruction. Relationships within the euteleost fish family Salmonidae have proven challenging to resolve in molecular phylogenetics studies in part due to ancestral autopolyploidy contributing to conflicting gene trees. We examine a sequence capture dataset from salmonids and use alternative strategies to accommodate the effects of gene tree conflict based on aspects of salmonid genome history and the multispecies coalescent. We investigate in detail three uncertain relationships: (1) subfamily branching, (2) monophyly of Coregonus and (3) placement of Parahucho. Coregoninae and Thymallinae are resolved as sister taxa, although conflicting topologies are found across analytical strategies. We find inconsistent and generally low support for the monophyly of Submitted 3 February 2020 Coregonus, including in results of analyses with the most extensive dataset and Accepted 28 May 2020 complex model. -
Evolutionarily Significant Units of Threatened Salmonid Species in Mongolia Mirror Major River Basins
Received: 2 August 2017 | Revised: 12 December 2018 | Accepted: 31 December 2018 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4974 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Fish conservation in the land of steppe and sky: Evolutionarily significant units of threatened salmonid species in Mongolia mirror major river basins Andrew Kaus1,2 | Stefan Michalski3 | Bernd Hänfling4 | Daniel Karthe1,5 | Dietrich Borchardt1 | Walter Durka3,6 1Department of Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management, Helmholtz Centre for Abstract Environmental Research – UFZ, Magdeburg, Mongolia's salmonids are suffering extensive population declines; thus, more com‐ Germany prehensive fisheries management and conservation strategies are required. To assist 2Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bribie Island Research Centre, with their development, a better understanding of the genetic structure and diversity Woorim, Australia of these threatened species would allow a more targeted approach for preserving 3Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for genetic variation and ultimately improve long‐term species recoveries. It is hypothe‐ Environmental Research – UFZ, Halle, sized that the unfragmented river basins that have persisted across Mongolia provide Germany unobstructed connectivity for resident salmonid species. Thus, genetic structure is 4School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK expected to be primarily segregated between major river basins. We tested this hy‐ 5Environmental Engineering pothesis by investigating the population structure for three salmonid genera (Hucho, Section, German Mongolian Institute Brachymystax and Thymallus) using different genetic markers to identify evolutionar‐ for Resources and Technology, Nalaikh, Mongolia ily significant units (ESUs) and priority rivers to focus conservation efforts. Fish were 6 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity assigned to separate ESUs when the combined evidence of mitochondrial and nu‐ Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany clear data indicated genetic isolation. -
Phylogeny Inference Among Alaskan/Circumpolar Salmonidae Via Gene Sequences Richard G
Phylogeny Inference Among Alaskan/Circumpolar Salmonidae Via Gene Sequences Richard G. Bekeris, Robert Marcotte, Andres Lopez, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska Introduction Table 1. List of species included in this study and their taxonomy. PCR Amplification Results Family Genus Species Common Name Many species belonging to the salmonidae family are Salmonidae Thymallus grutii Amur grayling • PCR for svep1 and ptc genes were not suitable for sequencing (insufficient, varying product base-pair length, not enough ecologically and economically important, but the Salmonidae Thymallus arcticus Arctic grayling samples amplified). genetic relationships linking them together, Salmonidae Brachymystax lenok Lenok trout especially for those native to Alaskan waters, are Salmonidae Salvelinus namaycush Lake trout • Overall, PCR amplification of a2bi17 gene produced products for 14 of 25 DNA samples. relatively unknown. Based on the methods of Li et al Salmonidae Salvelinus alpinus Arctic charr (2008), three gene fragments (svep1, a2bi17, ptc) Salmonidae Coregonus pidschian Humpback whitefish • F340/R1294 primer combination amplified a2bi17 gene for all nine salmonid species and one outgroup species were selected for comparison based on their known Salmonidae Coregonus laurettae Bering cisco (D. pectoralis). reliability as indicators of genetic variance. These Salmonidae Hucho taimen Siberian salmon fragments were amplified via polymerase chain Salmonidae Parahucho perryi Sakhalin taimen reaction (PCR) for 25 genomic DNA samples of nine Umbridae Dallia pectoralis Alaska blackfish salmonid, four umbrid, two esocid, and one Umbridae Umbra limi Central mudminnow Images 1 & 2. Electrophoresed gels for a2bi17 PCR, F340/R1294 primers. NC = negative control; L = 1kb DNA ladder petromyzontid species. The PCR products were Umbridae Umbra pygmaea Eastern mudminnow sequenced via terminator dye method. -
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Cherskii's Sculpin Cottus
EVB0010.1177/1176934317726783Evolutionary BioinformaticsBalakirev et al 726783research-article2017 Evolutionary Bioinformatics Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Cherskii’s Volume 13: 1–7 © The Author(s) 2017 Sculpin Cottus czerskii and Siberian Taimen Hucho Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav taimen Reveal GenBank Entry Errors: Incorrect DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1176934317726783 10.1177/1176934317726783 Species Identification and Recombinant Mitochondrial Genome Evgeniy S Balakirev1,2,3, Pavel A Saveliev2 and Francisco J Ayala1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. 2A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia. 3School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia. ABSTRACT: The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome is sequenced in 2 individuals of the Cherskii’s sculpin Cottus czerskii. A surprisingly high level of sequence divergence (10.3%) has been detected between the 2 genomes of C czerskii studied here and the GenBank mt genome of C czerskii (KJ956027). At the same time, a surprisingly low level of divergence (1.4%) has been detected between the GenBank C czerskii (KJ956027) and the Amur sculpin Cottus szanaga (KX762049, KX762050). We argue that the observed discrepancies are due to incorrect taxonomic identification so that the GenBank accession number KJ956027 represents actually the mt genome of C szanaga erroneously identified as C czerskii. Our results are of consequence concerning the GenBank database quality, highlighting the potential negative consequences of entry errors, which once they are introduced tend to be propagated among databases and subsequent publications. -
Fish Hosts, Glochidia Features and Life Cycle of the Endemic
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Fish hosts, glochidia features and life cycle of the endemic freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera dahurica Received: 12 November 2018 Accepted: 23 May 2019 from the Amur Basin Published: xx xx xxxx Ilya V. Vikhrev 1,2,3, Alexander A. Makhrov 3,4, Valentina S. Artamonova3,4, Alexey V. Ermolenko5, Mikhail Y. Gofarov1,2, Mikhail B. Kabakov2, Alexander V. Kondakov1,2,3, Dmitry G. Chukhchin1, Artem A. Lyubas1,2 & Ivan N. Bolotov 1,2,3 Margaritiferidae is a small freshwater bivalve family with 16 species. In spite of a small number of taxa and long-term history of research, several gaps in our knowledge on the freshwater pearl mussels still exist. Here we present the discovery of host fshes for Margaritifera dahurica, i.e. Lower Amur grayling, sharp-snouted lenok, and blunt-snouted lenok. The host fshes were studied in rivers of the Ussuri Basin. The identifcation of glochidia and fsh hosts was confrmed by DNA analysis. The life cycle of M. dahurica and its glochidia are described for the frst time. The SEM study of glochidia revealed that the rounded, unhooked Margaritifera dahurica larvae are similar to those of the other Margaritiferidae. Margaritifera dahurica is a tachytictic breeder, the larvae of which attach to fsh gills during the Late August – September and fnish the metamorphosis in June. Ancestral host reconstruction and a review of the salmonid - pearl mussel coevolution suggest that the ancestral host of the Margaritiferidae was a non-salmonid fsh, while that of the genus Margaritifera most likely was an early salmonid species or their stem lineage.