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PART 1 Biocultural Diversity: an Emerging Paradigm in a Changing World Langscape Is an Extension of the Voice of Terralingua Volume 2, Issue 12 | Autumn 2013 With Guest editor | Felipe Montoya Greenheck Langscape EMERGING PARADIGMS SERIES | PART 1 Biocultural Diversity: An Emerging Paradigm in a Changing World Langscape is an extension of the voice of Terralingua. It supports our mission by educating the minds and hearts about the importance and value of biocultural diversity. We aim to promote a paradigm shift by illustrating biocultural diversity through scientific Terralingua UNITY IN BIOCULTURAL DIVERSITY and traditional knowledge, within an elegant sensory context of articles, stories and art. iocultural Diversity is a living network made up of the millions of species About the Cover: Photos ©2013 Gleb Raygorodetsky B of plants and animals and the thousands of human cultures and languages that Front: Kuku Nyngkal Bubu, Northern Queensland, have evolved on earth. Languages, cultures, and ecosystems are interdependent. They Australia. To welcome visitors to their traditional are bound together through the myriad ways—material, social, and spiritual—in which territory (Upper Annan River, south of Cooktown, people have interacted with the natural environment. This issue of Langscape comes to you like a handful of precious seeds that we wish Queensland, Australia) the Kuku Nyungkal people to share, hoping that they may find fertile ground where to sprout and grow and bear carry out a smoking ceremony using branches of fruit. This issue is also a testament to the faith we have in the diversity of peoples the Jujubala (ironwood) tree. The smoking (also and their unique relationship to their particular environments. It is an expression of called warming) ceremony ensures that the visitors our hope that in these expressions of biocultural diversity we may find teachings that will be welcomed by their country (bubu) and their will serve as so many points of light to guide the world out of the increasingly somber future that we are hurtling toward. The dominant global paradigms that are currently ancestors, and that their visit will be a safe one. “It is pushing the world toward ecological disaster and widespread human suffering have our Occupational Health and Safety protocol,” says as potential alternatives the bountiful array of paradigms borne out of the diversity of Peter Wallace, a Kuku Yalanji Elder. Back: Seeking human cultures in their diverse environments. This Langscape issue provides a platform Warmth. Llanchamacocha, Sapara Traditional for some of these alternatives to reach a wider public and make us realize that there ARE other ways of being in and engaging with the world—alternative paradigms founded Territory, Ecuador. on values that are not totally foreign to any of us, but that we have either forgotten, or have been led to believe no longer have a place in this world. These examples reveal that these alternative paradigms DO indeed exist and offer options to strive for a better Langscape is a Terralingua publication and issued to our membership twice a year. world that includes the many peoples and life forms that share this earth. Join us as we explore Biocultural Diversity as an emerging paradigm in a changing Editor in Chief: Ortixia Dilts, Terralingua world. We hope you will enjoy journeying with us through this special volume of Guest Editor: Felipe Montoya Greenheck Langscape, and that you too will share what you learn with others.u To receive Langscape please join Terralingua at www.terralinguaubuntu.org or email: [email protected] Felipe Montoya and Ortixia Dilts To enquire about submissions for future issues of Langscape please contact the editor: [email protected] To learn more about Terralingua please visit our website at: www.terralingua.org 2 Langscape | Autumn 2013 Autumn 2013 | Langscape 3 s Table of Contents Contributors ...............................................................................................................................................................6 Left: Members of Elawi Women’s Group sharing a Maasai song at a community meeting Editorial: A quiet voice in changing times ...............................................................8 in Naivasha (25/2/13) (photo: Sarah Wright, 2013). Right: Kumu and ‘Ohu, 2006 Liliu la hanau, Photo: Ortixia Dilts Credit: Samuel M. ‘Ohukani‘ōhi‘a Gon III Stories for a New World .......................................................................................................................10 Felipe Montoya-Greenheck Land Rights and Inclusive Development: The Struggle of Bhutan’s Alternative to Material Growth: The Environmental Marginalized Peoples against APECO and the Pursuit of and Cultural Roots of Peace and Wellbeing .......................................................18 Alternative Development Pathways ...............................................................................................54 Kevin Richtscheid Jerome Patrick Cruz, Thomas N. Headland, Tessa Minter, Sophie Grig and Maria Gabriela Aparentado Mundu ainaga na gatiru gake, We dance with what we have 26 Sarah Wright Rethinking Science Education: An Aboriginal Perspective ..................64 Indigenous Biocultural Diversity in Times of Neoliberalism Yvonne Vizina and Climate Change: PRATEC-NACA, An Emerging Voices from the Forest: Celebrating Nature and Culture in Paradigm in the Andes .........................................................................................................................34 Xhosaland ..................................................................................................................................................................................70 Tirso Gonzales An Interview with Tony Dold The Living Convention .........................................................................................................................40 The World We Want: Ensuring Our Collective Bioculturally Natural Justice Resilient Future ................................................................................................................................................................76 Noho ana ke akua i ka nāhelehele (The god resides in the Gleb Raygorodetsky upland forest): The oli kāhea (entrance chant) as a Hawaiian Economic Paradigms and Transitions: A Panel Discussion ...................84 Felipe Montoya Greenheck, Kierin MacKenzie, David .............................................................................................................................. biocultural expression 43 Rapport, Ortixia Dilts, and Luisa Maffi Samuel M. ʻOhukaniʻōhiʻa Gon III Endnotes & Bibliography .................................................................................................................................94 4 Langscape | Autumn 2013 Autumn 2013 | Langscape 5 s Contributors Guest Editor Felipe Montoya Greenheck is an Dr Sarah Wright is a senior peoples and local communities. environmental anthropologist, lecturer in geography and It assists communities to engage Photo left. Log hives suspended from a tree in Marigat, Kenya. Credit: Sarah Wright. Photo right: Lush on leave from the University of development studies from with legal frameworks to secure Waikolu Valley on Moloka’i is often obscured by mist and rain, blown on the Kili’o’opu wind. Credit: Costa Rica, currently the Chair in the University of Newcastle, environmental and social justice. Samuel M. ‘Ohukani’ōhi’a Gon III Neo-tropical Conservation at the Australia. She has a strong Dr. Samuel M. ‘Ohukani‘ōhi‘a Faculty of Environmental Studies, commitment to collaborative Gon III was born and raised rights, ecological justice, freedom from the University of the with a focus on participatory York University, Toronto. He work and praxis, and works in the lush valley of Nu‘uanu, of information, and political and Philippines-Diliman with a BA research and communication, has worked in rural community closely with community groups, Hawai’i. He grew up with a economic reform. degree in Anthropology. She indigenous rights, climate change wellbeing and environmental NGOs and social movements in love of living things, an affinity Thomas N. Headland is a Senior has worked with the Tayabas mitigation and adaptation, and conservation for the last 20 years, Australia, the Philippines and that led to his Western training Anthropology Consultant of the Ayta, Casiguran Agta and sacred natural sites. with Costa Rican campesino and Kenya. Most recently, she has as a biologist and ecologist, Summer Institute of Linguistics Palawan indigenous peoples, as Kierin Mackenzie holds a indigenous communities. worked with Kenyan farmers culminating in his 27-year (SIL) International. He lived with well as with mainstream rural masters degree in Ethnobotany documenting their work in long career with The Nature the Casiguran Agta most years communities, in documenting from the University of Kent Editor-in-Chief people-led development, and with their healing practices. Conservancy of Hawai‘i. He from 1962 to 2010. and Kew Gardens. Currently Indigenous Yolŋu co-researchers Ortixia Dilts has collaborated then spent a decade with a Yvonne Vizina is Métis from he is working on a Doctorate at to explore Indigenous ontologies Tessa Minter is a lecturer and with Terralingua since 2008. Her master of Hawaiian chant, John Saskatchewan, Canada, and is the University of Canterbury of connection in North East researcher at the Institute of passion for her work stems from Keolamaka‘āinana Lake, who a PhD student at the University in Christchurch, New Zealand. Arnhem Land, Australia. Cultural
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