Botswana Atlas

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Botswana Atlas FF II CC SS SS Field Information and Coordination Support Section Botswana Division of Operational Services Sources: UNHCR, Global Insight digital mapping As of December 2009 © 1998 Europa Technologies Ltd. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Botswana_Atlas_A3PC.WOR ¼¼ChirunduChirundu ((( Monze ((( Kariba ((( iba Kar ((( ZAMBIA Choma ((( ake Kalomo L KasaneKasane(( KasaneKasane !!LivingstoneLivingstoneVictoria Falls ¼¼!! Gokwe Wankie ((( ((( Kamativi ((( ! ((( Shakawe !! ZIMBABWE Que Que !! Gwelo !! NAMIBIA Maun ((( ((( !! RamokgwebanaRamokgwebana DukwiDukwi ¼¼RamokgwebanaRamokgwebana !! Francistown ((MatsilojeMatsiloje ((( Letlhakane MatsilojeMatsiloje ((( !! Tonota Mmadinare !! ((( !! ((( !! Bobonong Selebi Pakwe BOTSWANA Serowe !! !! Palapye ((( Lerala GroblersGroblers BridgeBridge !! !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! Mahalapy ¼¼ ((( Beauty !! Lephepe ((( Ellisras New Pietersburg ((( Pietersburg !! Potgietersrus !! !! Mochudi Molepolole !! ((( Nabomspruit ((( Thabazimbi GABORONEGABORONE ((( Nylstroom GABORONEGABORONE ((( ((( ((( Moshupa ((( Warm Baths ((( Kanye ((( Groblersdal ((( Lobatse ((( Zeerust ((( ((( !! ((( Brits PRETORIAPRETORIA Rustenburg !! ((( Middelburg !! ((( !! ((( ((( ((( ((( ((( Bronkhorstspruit ((( ((( ((( ((( ((( Lyttelton ((( ((( !! Mafeking ((( Koster !! ((( ((( Ogies !! Roodepoort ((( Krugersdorp !!!! !! ((( !! ((( Delmas !! Lichtenburg Randfontein((( !! !! !! !! Benoni((( ((( !! !! !! ((( !! Soweto Coligny ((( ((( !!!! Carletonville !! ((( Leslie ((( ((( Grasmere !! !! ((( Heidelburg ((( Geysdorp !! Evaton((( ((( Bethal !! Vereeniging ((( Balfour ((( !! ((( Delareyville Potchefstroom !! Vanderbijlpark!! !! Sasolburg !! Klerksdorp !! ((( !! !!Standerton Vryburg !! !! ((( Orkney !! ((( Vredefort ((( ((( Villiers ((( Elevation Schweizer-Reneke !! ((( Capital !! !! Wolmaransstad((( ((( ((( ((( Koppies ((( Heilbron ((( Frankfort (Above mean sea level) ((( ((( (( ((( UNHCR Regional Office (( Simplified Entry Point ((( Bothaville ((( (( 3,250 to 4,000 metres ((( Vrede ((( !! Kuruman ((( UNHCR Country Office 2,500 to 3,250 metres Official Entry Point ((( Reivilo / National Office 1,750 to 2,500 metres ¼¼ SOUTH!! AFRICA !! ((( Petrus Steyn ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ !! ¼¼ Kroonstad !! / Liaison Office International boundary 1,000 to 1,750 metres ((( ((( Hartswater ((( ((( Reitz ((( UNHCR Field Unit 750 to 1,000 metres ((( ((( Warden !! ((( Main road !! Odendaalsrus ((( Lindley !! Christiana !! ((( 500 to 750 metres ((( Refugee camp Welkom !! ((( Secondary road 250 to 500 metres ((( ((( !! Virginia((( !! Main town or village ((( Warrenton 0 to 250 metres ((( Daniëlskuil Railway 0 100 200 !! Bethlehem ((( Secondary town or village !! Below mean sea level ((( !! Harrismith ((( ((( Senekal Upington ((( Postmasburg((( Windsorton ((( kilometres ((( ((( ((( Theunissen !! Printed: 04 December 2009 0 100 200 [email protected].
Recommended publications
  • NGAMILAND SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT “Mainstreaming SLM in Rangeland Areas of Ngamiland- District Landscapes for Improved Livelihoods”
    NGAMILAND SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT “Mainstreaming SLM in Rangeland Areas of Ngamiland- District Landscapes for Improved Livelihoods” Project Steering Committee (PSC) Meeting Thursday 5th July, 2018 Maun Lodge 0900 Hours BOARD DOCUMENTS Page 1 of 42 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..........................................................................................................................2 MEETING AGENDA ..............................................................................................................................3 LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................4 MINUTES OF 2018 QUARTER 1 PSC MEETING .......................................................................................6 ANNEX TO MINUTES ......................................................................................................................... 16 Annex 1: 2018 Quarter 1 Progress Report ....................................................................................... 16 2018 QUARTER 2 PROGRESS REPORT ................................................................................................. 26 Request for Increased ASL ............................................................................................................. 36 Approved Annual Workplan and Budget 2018................................................................................. 37 Page 2 of 42 MEETING AGENDA NGAMILAND SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT
    [Show full text]
  • Dal Flyer South Africalow
    SOUTH AFRICA FCL Service DEUTSCHE AFRIKA-LINIEN Weekly direct FCL service from London Gateway Transit Times Cape Town – 24 days London Gateway Port Elizabeth – 26 days Bremerhaven Durban – 28 days Rotterdam Cross border and inland destinations available for: Swaziland Zimbabwe Zambia Nambia Botswana Malawi Lesotho Gaborone Mozambique London Gateway Rotterdam Nacala Beira Walvis Bay Luderitz Maputo Cape Town Durban Port Elizabeth Cape East London Town Port Elizabeth Durban For all your shipping requirements Contact Cory Brothers Shipping Agency Ltd. as agents for DAL. Bob Baxter T: +44 (0)1394 601142 E: [email protected] W: www.cory.co.uk CANARY ISLANDS FCL Service DEUTSCHE AFRIKA-LINIEN DAL meeting the needs of our customers. Canary Islands Weekly direct FCL service. Sailing from Tilbury. Tenerife – 5 days. Las Palmas – 6 days. Lanzarote _ 12 days Tilbury Fuerteventura - 12 days La Palma - 14 days *weekly transit via Las Palmas Tilbury Fuerteventura La Palma La Palma Lanzarote Fuerteventura Tenerife Las Palmas Las Palmas Lanzarote Tenerife For all your shipping requirements Contact Cory Brothers Shipping Agency Ltd. as agents for DAL. Bob Baxter T: +44 (0)1394 601142 E: [email protected] W: www.cory.co.uk INDIAN OCEAN FCL Service DEUTSCHE AFRIKA-LINIEN Indian Ocean Islands Weekly FCL service from Felixstowe via Giaio Tauro** Felixstowe Transit Times La Reunion – (Pointe Des Galets) 30 days. Mauritius – (Port Louis) 32 days. Tamatave (Toamasina) - 36 days. Giaio Tauro** **Transhipment only Felixstowe Giaio Tauro** La Reunion Mauritius Tamatave Port Louis Pointe Des Galets Madagascar For all your shipping requirements Contact Cory Brothers Shipping Agency Ltd. as agents for DAL.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Gaborone Dam Catchment, Botswana, from 1984–2015 Using GIS and Remote Sensing
    sustainability Article Evaluating Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Gaborone Dam Catchment, Botswana, from 1984–2015 Using GIS and Remote Sensing Botlhe Matlhodi 1,* , Piet K. Kenabatho 1 , Bhagabat P. Parida 2 and Joyce G. Maphanyane 1 1 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, P/Bag UB 00704 Gaborone, Botswana; [email protected] (P.K.K.); [email protected] (J.G.M.) 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Botswana, P/Bag UB 0061 Gaborone, Botswana; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +267-355-5475 Received: 31 May 2019; Accepted: 7 August 2019; Published: 20 September 2019 Abstract: Land use land cover (LULC) change is one of the major driving forces of global environmental change in many developing countries. In this study, LULC changes were evaluated in the Gaborone dam catchment in Botswana between 1984 and 2015. The catchment is a major source of water supply to Gaborone city and its surrounding areas. The study employed Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) using Landsat imagery of 1984, 1995, 2005 and 2015. Image classification for each of these imageries was done through supervised classification using the Maximum Likelihood Classifier. Six major LULC categories, cropland, bare land, shrub land, built-up area, tree savanna and water bodies, were identified in the catchment. It was observed that shrub land and tree savanna were the major LULC categories between 1984 and 2005 while shrub land and cropland dominated the catchment area in 2015. The rates of change were generally faster in the 1995–2005 and 2005–2015 periods.
    [Show full text]
  • The Collaborative African Genomics Network (Cafgen)
    AAS Open Research AAS Open Research 2018, 1:3 Last updated: 18 FEB 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE The Collaborative African Genomics Network (CAfGEN): Applying Genomic technologies to probe host factors important to the progression of HIV and HIV-tuberculosis infection in sub-Saharan Africa [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Gerald Mboowa 1,2, Savannah Mwesigwa 1,2, Eric Katagirya1,2, Gaone Retshabile 3, Busisiwe C. Mlotshwa3, Lesedi Williams3, Adeodata Kekitiinwa4, David Kateete 1,2, Eddie Wampande1,2,5, Misaki Wayengera1,2, Betty Nsangi Kintu 4, Grace P. Kisitu4, Samuel Kyobe 2, Chester W. Brown6-8, Neil A. Hanchard9-11, Graeme Mardon9,12, Moses Joloba1,2, Gabriel Anabwani13,14, Ed Pettitt 13, Masego Tsimako-Johnstone3, Ishmael Kasvosve15, Koketso Maplanka 3, Sununguko W. Mpoloka 3, Makhosazana Hlatshwayo14, Mogomotsi Matshaba 13,16 1Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda 2Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda 3Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana 4Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda 5Department of Bio-molecular Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda 6Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics , University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA 7Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA 8St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis,
    [Show full text]
  • IVIV VV VI Pretoria Pretoria Soweto Soweto 0 125 250 Kmiv IV V V VV V
    Earthquake Green Shaking Alert M 6.5, Botswana Origin Time: Mon 2017-04-03 17:40:16 UTC (19:40:16 local) PAGER o o Location: 22.62 S 25.15 E Depth: 11 km Version 1 Created: 40 minutes, 53 seconds after earthquake Estimated Fatalities Green alert for shaking-related fatalities Estimated Economic Losses and economic losses. There is a low likelihood of casualties and damage. 65% 50% 30% 32% 15% 4% 3% 1 100 10,000 1 100 10,000 10 1,000 100,000 10 1,000 100,000 Fatalities USD (Millions) Estimated Population Exposed to Earthquake Shaking ESTIMATED POPULATION - -* 3,776k* 19,253k* 2,733k 54k 2k 0 0 0 EXPOSURE (k = x1000) ESTIMATED MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITY PERCEIVED SHAKING Not felt Weak Light Moderate Strong Very Strong Severe Violent Extreme Resistant none none none V. Light Light Moderate Moderate/Heavy Heavy V. Heavy POTENTIAL Structures DAMAGE Vulnerable Structures none none none Light Moderate Moderate/Heavy Heavy V. Heavy V. Heavy *Estimated exposure only includes population within the map area. Population Exposure population per ~1 sq. km from Landscan Structures: Overall, the population in this region resides in structures that are vulnerable to IV 21°E ShakaweShakaweShakawe 24°E HwangeHwange27°E earthquake shaking, though some resistant PandamatengaPandamatengaPandamatenga DeteDete structures exist. LupaneLupaneLupane Historical Earthquakes (with MMI levels): There were no earthquakes with significant NokanengNokaneng InyathiInyathiInyathi ShanganiShanganiShangani population exposure to shaking within a 400 MaunMaun MaunMaun SuaSuaSua
    [Show full text]
  • HIV/AIDS Beh Dukw Haviour Wi Refug Ral Surv Gee Cam Veillanc
    HIV/AIDS Behavioural Surveillance Survey (BSS) Dukwi Refugee Camp, Botswana May 2013 UNHCR & Botswana Ministry of Health 1 Acknowledgements The 2012 Botswana Behavioural Surveillance Survey (BSS) was a joint effort of UNHCR and the Botswana Ministry of Health, with funding from UNAIDS and WHO, and the support of Botswana Red Cross Society. The BSS was initiated and coordinated by Ms. Marian Schilperoord of UNHCR Geneva, and Dr. Njogu Patterson of UNHCR Pretoria, whose depth of experience overseeing similar surveys was incredibly valuable. Dr. Emmanuel Baingana of UNAIDS and Dr. Eugene Nyarko of WHO lent invaluable advice and support during critical phases of the project, and we are exceptionally grateful. The investigation team was led by the Principal Investigator Ms. Aimee Rose who managed the adaptation of the protocol and tools, field work, analysis and reporting. Dr. Marina Anderson, Co‐ Principal Investigator from the Ministry of Health, provided excellent technical oversight and coordination with the Ministry of Health. Three Investigators from the Ministry of Health, Ms. Lumba Nchunga, Ms. Betty Orapeleng and Ms. Bene Ntwayagae, provided input in each phase of the survey, from protocol development, pre‐planning missions to Dukwi Camp, monitoring of training and field work, and report compilation. The team benefitted from the dedicated support of UNHCR Country Representative Lynn Ngugi. We give special appreciation to UNHCR Program Officer Galefele Beleme for her tireless work on recruiting, finance, and logistics, and numerous other issues. UNHCR Head of Field Office Jane Okello facilitated the survey’s success at Dukwi Camp, with superb assistance from UNHCR staff Niroj Shrestha, Gracias Atwine, and Onkemetse Leburu.
    [Show full text]
  • Populated Printable COP 2009 Botswana Generated 9/28/2009 12:01:26 AM
    Populated Printable COP 2009 Botswana Generated 9/28/2009 12:01:26 AM ***pages: 415*** Botswana Page 1 Table 1: Overview Executive Summary None uploaded. Country Program Strategic Overview Will you be submitting changes to your country's 5-Year Strategy this year? If so, please briefly describe the changes you will be submitting. X Yes No Description: test Ambassador Letter File Name Content Type Date Uploaded Description Uploaded By Letter from Ambassador application/pdf 11/14/2008 TSukalac Nolan.pdf Country Contacts Contact Type First Name Last Name Title Email PEPFAR Coordinator Thierry Roels Associate Director GAP-Botswana [email protected] DOD In-Country Contact Chris Wyatt Chief, Office of Security [email protected] Cooperation HHS/CDC In-Country Contact Thierry Roels Associate Director GAP-Botswana [email protected] Peace Corps In-Country Peggy McClure Director [email protected] Contact USAID In-Country Contact Joan LaRosa USAID Director [email protected] U.S. Embassy In-Country Phillip Druin DCM [email protected] Contact Global Fund In-Country Batho C Molomo Coordinator of NACA [email protected] Representative Global Fund What is the planned funding for Global Fund Technical Assistance in FY 2009? $0 Does the USG assist GFATM proposal writing? Yes Does the USG participate on the CCM? Yes Generated 9/28/2009 12:01:26 AM ***pages: 415*** Botswana Page 2 Table 2: Prevention, Care, and Treatment Targets 2.1 Targets for Reporting Period Ending September 30, 2009 National 2-7-10 USG USG Upstream USG Total Target Downstream (Indirect)
    [Show full text]
  • First Chicks to Fly to St Helena, Now Released from Quarantine
    www.sams.sh THE South Atlantic Media Services, Ltd. SENT5th NOV NEL Vol. 7, Issue 31 - Price: £1 “serving St Helena and her community worldwide” Thursday 01 November 2018 First Chicks to Fly to St Helena, Now Released from Quarantine ... page 7 Record Number of Containers on Wharf Also Inside... ... page 4 Supreme Court Update ... page 5 Cruise Ship Season Begins ... page 9 Team St Helena: International ... page 9 Cricket £100k for National Trust Marine Team ... page 31 2 www.sams.sh Thursday 01 November 2018 | THE SENTINEL THE SENTINEL | Thursday 01 November 2018 www.sams.sh 3 OPINION YOUR LETTERS YOUR LETTERS Thank You question the practical integrity of committed to supporting St Helena to red timber that is much sought Shirley Caroline Benjamin that ambitious statement. For some form direct links with international after elsewhere in the world for very SENTINEL 05/05/1940 – 17/10/2018 unknown reason the United Kingdom organisations and other countries strong and long lasting structures, stopped providing St Helena with in the wider world to strengthen for furniture (indoors and out), and The husband, daughter and son of a funded capital programme. The our society and economy. Indeed, for splendid flooring. COMMENT the late Shirley Benjamin together absence of a capital programme has the United Kingdom encourages St For St.Helena, its’ phenomenal Cyril (Ferdie) Gunnell, SAMS with their families would like to had a serious detrimental impact Helena to pursue direct links with growth in suitable locations and express their sincere thanks to the THE CONSTITUENT on our community. The United countries of the United Nations, and its’ excellent resistance to termites Recently the Governor, Lisa Honan, doctors, nurses and staff of the Kingdom was only able to provide St describes the strengthening of such are added bonuses.
    [Show full text]
  • Bots Ult Aug 20 Itin
    Ultimate Botswana With Naturalist Journeys & Caligo Ventures Ultimate Botswana August 10 – 24, 2020 866.900.1146 800.426.7781 520.558.1146 [email protected] www.naturalistjourneys.com or find us on Facebook at Naturalist Journeys, LLC Naturalist Journeys, LLC | Caligo Ventures PO Box 16545 Portal, AZ 85632 PH: 520.558.1146 | 866.900.1146 Fax 650.471.7667 naturalistjourneys.com | caligo.com [email protected] | [email protected] Embark on a true African safari to Botswana, where Tour Highlights the wildlife is pristine and our days are timed with ü the rhythm of nature. Botswana is visually Explore the Okavango Delta’s papyrus-lined exciting—each of its unique habitats have distinct channels and lagoons, the teak woodlands of features, most famous of which is the Okavango Kasane, extensive wetlands and Moremi’s Delta. This tour is limited to just nine participants Mopane forests ü traveling with local experts and Naturalist Journeys’ Hone your photo and wildlife-spotting skills daily Greg Smith. on drives and boat trips in Chobe National Park with a naturalist and photo guide. ü We call this one “ultimate,” not for contrived Look for Leopard, often seen in Chobe National creature comforts but for the amazing opportunity Park ü you have to intimately take in the spectrum of Spend three nights on the Pangolin Voyager Botswana’s wildlife. Designed by Naturalist cruising the wildlife-rich Chobe River, where we Journeys’ owner and founder, Peg Abbott, who has watch Elephant, Lion, Sable Antelope, and a host decades of experience visiting Africa, this is an of herons and egrets, including the world’s ultimate experience for seeing Africa’s birds and largest: the Goliath Heron ü iconic large mammals.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Road Transport and Safety Offices
    DEPARTMENT OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND SAFETY OFFICES AND SERVICES MOLEPOLOLE • Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers • Driver Examination (Theory & Practical Tests) • Transport Inspectorate Tel: 5920148 Fax: 5910620 P/Bag 52 Molepolole Next to Molepolole Police MOCHUDI • Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers • Driver Examination (Theory & Practical Tests) • Transport Inspectorate P/Bag 36 Mochudi Tel : 5777127 Fax : 5748542 White House GABORONE Headquarters BBS Mall Plot no 53796 Tshomarelo House (Botswana Savings Bank) 1st, 2nd &3rd Floor Corner Lekgarapa/Letswai Road •Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers •Road safety (Public Education) Tel: 3688600/62 Fax : Fax: 3904067 P/Bag 0054 Gaborone GABORONE VTS – MARUAPULA • Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers • Driver Examination (Theory & Practical Tests) • Vehicle Examination Tel: 3912674/2259 P/Bag BR 318 B/Hurst Near Roads Training & Roads Maintenance behind Maruapula Flats GABORONE II – FAIRGROUNDS • Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers • Driver Examination : Theory Tel: 3190214/3911540/3911994 Fax : P/Bag 0054 Gaborone GABORONE - OLD SUPPLIES • Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers • Transport Permits • Transport Inspectorate Tel: 3905050 Fax :3932671 P/Bag 0054 Gaborone Plot 1221, Along Nkrumah Road, Near Botswana Power Corporation CHILDREN TRAFFIC SCHOOL •Road Safety Promotion for children only Tel: 3161851 P/Bag BR 318 B/Hurst RAMOTSWA •Registration & Licensing of vehicles and drivers •Driver Examination (Theory & Practical
    [Show full text]
  • The Big Governance Issues in Botswana
    MARCH 2021 THE BIG GOVERNANCE ISSUES IN BOTSWANA A CIVIL SOCIETY SUBMISSION TO THE AFRICAN PEER REVIEW MECHANISM Contents Executive Summary 3 Acknowledgments 7 Acronyms and Abbreviations 8 What is the APRM? 10 The BAPS Process 12 Ibrahim Index of African Governance Botswana: 2020 IIAG Scores, Ranks & Trends 120 CHAPTER 1 15 Introduction CHAPTER 2 16 Human Rights CHAPTER 3 27 Separation of Powers CHAPTER 4 35 Public Service and Decentralisation CHAPTER 5 43 Citizen Participation and Economic Inclusion CHAPTER 6 51 Transparency and Accountability CHAPTER 7 61 Vulnerable Groups CHAPTER 8 70 Education CHAPTER 9 80 Sustainable Development and Natural Resource Management, Access to Land and Infrastructure CHAPTER 10 91 Food Security CHAPTER 11 98 Crime and Security CHAPTER 12 108 Foreign Policy CHAPTER 13 113 Research and Development THE BIG GOVERNANCE ISSUES IN BOTSWANA: A CIVIL SOCIETY SUBMISSION TO THE APRM 3 Executive Summary Botswana’s civil society APRM Working Group has identified 12 governance issues to be included in this submission: 1 Human Rights The implementation of domestic and international legislation has meant that basic human rights are well protected in Botswana. However, these rights are not enjoyed equally by all. Areas of concern include violence against women and children; discrimination against indigenous peoples; child labour; over reliance on and abuses by the mining sector; respect for diversity and culture; effectiveness of social protection programmes; and access to quality healthcare services. It is recommended that government develop a comprehensive national action plan on human rights that applies to both state and business. 2 Separation of Powers Political and personal interests have made separation between Botswana’s three arms of government difficult.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hydrology of the Okavango Delta, Botswana—Processes, Data and Modelling
    Regional review: the hydrology of the Okavango Delta, Botswana—processes, data and modelling Christian Milzow & Lesego Kgotlhang & Peter Bauer-Gottwein & Philipp Meier & Wolfgang Kinzelbach Abstract The wetlands of the Okavango Delta accom- Introduction modate a multitude of ecosystems with a large diversity in fauna and flora. They not only provide the traditional The Okavango wetlands, commonly called the Okavango livelihood of the local communities but are also the basis Delta, are spread on top of an alluvial fan located in of a tourism industry that generates substantial revenue for northern Botswana, in the western branch of the East the whole of Botswana. For the global community, the African Rift Valley. Waters forming the Okavango River wetlands retain a tremendous pool of biodiversity. As the originate in the highlands of Angola, flow southwards, upstream states Angola and Namibia are developing, cross the Namibian Caprivi-Strip and eventually spread however, changes in the use of the water of the Okavango into the terminal wetlands on Botswanan territory cover- River and in the ecological status of the wetlands are to be ing the alluvial fan (Fig. 1). Whereas the climate in the expected. To predict these impacts, the hydrology of the headwater region is subtropical and humid with an annual Delta has to be understood. This article reviews scientific precipitation of up to 1,300 mm, it is semi-arid in Botswana work done for that purpose, focussing on the hydrological with precipitation amounting to only 450 mm/year in the modelling of surface water and groundwater. Research Delta area. High potential evapotranspiration rates cause providing input data to hydrological models is also over 95% of the wetland inflow and local precipitation to be presented.
    [Show full text]