High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network An interdisciplinary collaboration leveraging between research and infrastructure

University of , San Diego http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/

funded by the National Science Foundation Advanced Networking Infrastructure and Research (ANI-0087344) high performance wireless research and education network HPWREN project objectives

• wide area wireless high performance networking

• focus on access networks for research and education applications

• fixed or temporary/ad-hoc installations

• emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration

• non-commercial prototype platform to demonstrate feasibility

• connection of sensor networks

• research to understand application performance requirements

high performance wireless research and education network Project participants and collaborators

• Led by UCSD’s San Diego Supercomputer Center and Scripps Institution of Oceanography • Science applications • Scripps Institution of Oceanography: • Geophysics -- earthquake sensors • San Diego State University, Astronomy department • Mt. Laguna Observatory • San Diego State University, Ecology • Ecology field stations (Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve and Sky Oaks Field Stations) • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and California Institute of Technology • Palomar Observatory • UC Natural Reserve System • Boyd Deep Canyon • UCSD School of Engineering • Bridge sensors (Coronado Bridge and desert highway bridge) • Education applications • Pala Indian Reservation and Pala Fire Station • La Jolla Indian Reservation • Rincon Indian Reservation • Hewlett Packard Digital Village award to the Tribal Chairmen’s Association • Collaborations with incident management and other agencies • San Diego Sheriff’s department • California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection • SSC

high performance wireless research and education network HPWRENTHSB connected topology agenda

KNW GVDA Santa Rosa BDC RDM WMC PFO

CRY SMER SND KSW

Pala Pauma MPO BZN FRD DHL

LVA2 BVDA

Rincon La Los Coyotes San Jolla Pasqual Mesa Grande Santa Ysabel Backbone/relay node Science site Researcher location Education site Incident mgmt. site UCSD SDSC MONP to CE SIO MLO SCI & SP

SDSU Manzanita La Posta PL to CI and Campo high performancePEMEX wireless research and education network http://hpwren.ucsd.edu September 2003 Mt. Woodson area

to UCSD to Red Mountain to Cuyamaca Mountain to Indian Reservations

to Dan Cayan

Doug Bartlett

Hans-Werner Braun

high performance wireless research and education network Network architecture

• high performance backbone network • commercially available 5.8GHz or 6GHz 45Mbps duplex point-to-point radios • WMux Tsunami, Interwave CX, Redline AN-50, or licensed Stratex DXR768 • interconnected by IP routers • backbone nodes at “quality” locations, including UPS • fairly large antennas (10’, 8’, 6’, or 4’) • network performance monitors at backbone sites

• high speed access links • commercially available 2.4GHz spread spectrum radios • Lucent/etc. 802.11b and Wi-LAN VIP 110-24 • some 5.8GHz 45Mbps access links • point-to-point or point-to-multipoint • commonly small (~2’ X ~3’) grid antennas for 2.4GHz • some sites include local performance monitors

• network statistics available at http://stat.hpwren.ucsd.edu/

high performance wireless research and education network Backbone node layout example

Full duplex Full duplex data ctrl data ctrl 45Mbps radio 45Mbps radio

IP router 2/1 2/0 1/1 1/0 0/1 0/0 UPS

Traffic analysis 0/1 0/2 0/3 0/4 0/5 0/6 0/7 0/8 0/9 0/10 0/11 0/12 data path

Ethernet Video switch Camera

0/13 0/14 0/15 0/16 0/17 0/18 0/19 0/20 0/21 0/22 0/23 0/24

802.11b 802.11b 802.11b access access access radio radio radio

high performance wireless research and education network 45Mbps HPWREN backbone Palomar Observatory Toro Peak

Fallbrook

Mt. Woodson

Cuyamaca Mountain

Mt. Laguna

UCSD/SDSC high performance wireless research and education network Mt. Soledad Mt. Laguna Observatory Example earthquake sensors in the desert

high performance wireless research and education network Earthquake sensor and data collector on Toro Peak

http://epicenter.ucsd.edu/ANZA/

high performance wireless research and education network SDSU’s Mt. Laguna astronomy observatory March 2001 http://mintaka.sdsu.edu/

high performance wireless research and education network Palomar Observatory, July 2001

http://www.astro.caltech.edu/palomarpublic/ http://snfactory.lbl.gov/ http://neat.jpl.nasa.gov/ high performance wireless research and education network Link to the Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve, September 2001

Fallbrook Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve (SMER)

http://www.scec.sdsu.edu/SMER/SMER.html

high performance wireless research and education network Link to San Clemente Island, October 2002

~72 miles

high performance wireless research and education network Boyd Deep Canyon, December 2002

high performance wireless research and education network Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve May 2001

high performance wireless research and education network High resolution still camera at SMER

high performance wireless research and education network High resolution still camera at SMER, animations

high performance wireless research and education network SMER flowers

high performance wireless research and education network High resolution still camera at La Jolla, February 2002

high performance wireless research and education network http://stat.hpwren.ucsd.edu/Imagery/LaJollaCoast/Data/TODAY/CURRENT-large.html Screendump of image time series

high performance wireless research and education network Motion detect camera, Ramona, January 2003

high performance wireless research and education network Superbowl, January 2003

high performance wireless research and education network Superbowl, January 2003

high performance wireless research and education network Scripps Pier wireless bubbles, December 2001

http://www-ccs.ucsd.edu/

high performance wireless research and education network Initial Pala Indian Reservation connection September 2000

Mt. Woodson Pala Learning Center UCSD/SDSC Mt. Woodson

high performance wireless research and education network La Jolla learning center

Palomar Mountain relay site

Mt. Woodson UCSD/SDSC La Jolla Indian Reservation connection, January 2001 high performance wireless research and education network Native American connections Rincon, February 2001

Pala, September 2000

La Jolla, December 2000

high performance wireless research and education network Cluster 1 relay site Mt. Woodson HPWREN Backbone site initial connection: March 2001

Pala Learning Center and Fire Station

San Pasqual relay and Resource Center

Rincon Education and TANF lab

high performance wireless research and education network Mt Woodson to Pala, Rincon and La Jolla Indian Reservations

Pala La Jolla Firestation EdCtr

Pala La Jolla LC relay

Rincon TANF

Rincon EdCtr

C1-2-relay C1-1-relay

Ethernet MW-C1 switch MW-LJ

router

high performance wireless research and education network TDVnet Cluster1/Cluster2 – eight reservations

Los Coyotes TH TDVnet ID12 ID2 Pala office CTC/TDV Ch6 Ch11 ID7 Ch1 C S La Jolla EdCtr Pala S ID6 LC ID5 S Ch11 Los Ch11 Coyotes Pala S Firestation C

Vallecitos Vallecitos ID5 ID2 S LJ Relay C Ch6 S C Ch11 Pauma LC Old La Jolla ID3 C S ID4 relay Ch6 San Pasqual Ch11 relay Mesa Mia ID3 Ch11 Grande ID6 ID2 Ch1 C Ch6 C1-2-relay C1-1-relay Mesa ID12 Grande #2 Ch1 ID5 Rincon Rincon Ch6 S TANF EdCtr C switch S switch port router port MtWoodson RedMtn 0/8 0/14 Santa S. Ysabel TH router Ysabel

high performance wireless research and education network La Jolla relay site on January 2001

high performance wireless research and education network Cuyamaca Mountain 2.4GHz antenna

high performance wireless research and education network Aerial imagery

high performance wireless research and education network Toro Peak, 8700’ July 2002

Boyd Deep Canyon Pinyon Flats

high performance wireless research and education network Toro Peak planned local network installations Garner Valley Downhole Array

Agave Hill Relay Boyd Deep Canyon Pinyon Flats Ecological Reserve Station

Santa Rosa Tribal Relay

Santa Rosa Tribal Hall

Toro Peak 8700 feet

Kings Stormwater Bridge

Borrego Valley Downhole Array high performance wireless research and education network Toro Peak to Santa Rosa tribal connection

high performance wireless research and education network Video cameras

high performance wireless research and education network Mountain fire stills, observed by stationary p/t/z video camera

high performance wireless research and education network Mountain fires video clips, observed from Mt. Laguna

high performance wireless research and education network Mountain fire video clip, Pines Fire from Mt. Laguna

high performance wireless research and education network Researchers in the field

• antenna mounted on tripod • connected to laptop PCMCIA card • no external power or equipment

high performance wireless research and education network Yagi antenna on tripod

yagi antenna

amplifier

tripod

antenna cable to power injector

high performance wireless research and education network CDF demonstration February 2001

http://www.fire.ca.gov/

high performance wireless research and education network CDF Fallbrook connection August 2002

high performance wireless research and education network CENIC networking conference May 2001 SDSC at UCSD

3.1 miles 4.5 miles

Mt. Soledad relay site

Paradise Point conference site http://www.cenic.org/

high performance wireless research and education network CENIC networking conference May 2002

Mt. Soledad relay site

Paradise Point conference site temporary 45Mbps connection http://www.cenic.org/

high performance wireless research and education network Multi-agency crisis management demo Inmarsat 28 August 2001 satellite

State Highway 163 scene 64kbps ISDN link DARPA mobile network- ENCOMPASS weather controllable Inmarsat Server at SSC station video ground camera station

Inmarsat satellite antenna

Sharp Hospital relay site

National Guard Armory SSC Deployable Communications Support Terminal

UCSD HPWREN Internet connection at SDSC high performance wireless research and education network U.S. Navy Deep Submergence Unit – SIO SeaLab II site February 2002

http://www.csp.navy.mil/csda5/dsu/dsu.htm high performance wireless research and education network Flight communications test, ground tracked April 2002

SDSU GCRG airplane

Data communications antenna

Ground station

Ramona overflight area

high performance wireless research and education network Flight communications test, fixed antenna August 2002

backbone connection

local access ground station

high performance wireless research and education network Overflight photo

2048 X 1536 sized image taken from the ground high performance wireless research and education network via a network-accessible camera in the airplane Potential incident management scenario

Real-time operations center sensor telemetry Perimeter (video, high weather station Perimeter resolution stills, …) weather station

command post Incident area

Perimeter weather station

high performance wireless research and education network Coronado bridge demonstration topology

UCSD

~3 miles Mt. Soledad

~12 miles Coronado Bridge

high performance wireless research and education network Coronado bridge communications test, April 2002

UCSD/SDSC Mt. Soledad HPWREN antenna Mt. Soledad tower

HPWREN server and Networking equipment

Coronado Bridge antenna

Actual rubber bearing photo taken by remote server

Camera for Wireless setup high-res still images

high performance wireless research and education network 15 May 2002 Coronado bridge telemetry demonstration seismic sensor (structural engineering)

wireless 802.11b connection video camera and web server

seismic sensor 360 degree camera

3 megapixel still camera radio box and Ethernet switch 3 megapixel still camera

seismic sensor

seismic data logger

high performance wireless research and education network Coronado bridge telemetry demonstration

high performance wireless research and education network CB

high performance wireless research and education network Mount Laguna sensor instrumentation

anemometer 3D ultrasonic solar anemometer radiation

Pan-tilt-zoom camera

tipping rainbucket

support temperature equipment relative humidity

data logger fuel moisture barometric pressure fuel temperature high performance wireless research and education network HPWREN - Fire Chiefs Association meeting Nov 2002

3D ultrasonic anemometer

high performance wireless research and education network Bridge connection near Salton Sea Nov 2002

3D ultrasonic anemometer

high performance wireless research and education network Anza-Borrego demo

3D ultrasonic anemometer

high performance wireless research and education network Post-incident research

3D ultrasonic anemometer

high performance wireless research and education network Mount Laguna sensor instrumentation

high performance wireless research and education network Mount Laguna sensor instrumentation

high performance wireless research and education network Wind gusts on Mt. Laguna

high performance wireless research and education network Communications test at the Garner Valley Downhole Array

high performance wireless research and education network Collaborative agency connections

high performance wireless research and education network Coyote Fire HPWREN connection Palomar Mountain relay

Cuyamaca Mountain HPWREN backbone site

Fire operations relay

Operations camp high performance wireless research and education network Mt. Laguna 360 degree four cameras, July 2003

high performance wireless research and education network Mt. Laguna 360 degree view cameras

high performance wireless research and education network Ramona CDF Air Attack Base

high performance wireless research and education network Ramona CDF Air Attack Base

high performance wireless research and education network Ramona CDF Air Attack Base

high performance wireless research and education network Ramona CDF camera collaborations

high performance wireless research and education network TDVnet

Collaboration with the Hewlett Packard’s Tribal Digital Village project in conjunction with the Southern California Tribal Chairmen’s Association

high performance wireless research and education network Tribal Digital Village project

• Native American activity building up on HPWREN

• Funded by Hewlett Packard

• Awarded to the Southern California Tribal Chairmen’s Association

• HPWREN is collaborator, and not the service provider

• Objective of a utility architected and operated by Native Americans

high performance wireless research and education network San Diego County Native American Reservations Pala Pauma Los La Jolla Coyotes

Rincon

San Mesa Santa Pasqual Grande Ysabel

Inaja Cosmit

Cuyapaipe Barona Captain Grande Vieja Manzanita La Posta Campo high performance wireless research and educationSycuan network Jamul San Diego County Native American Reservations Pala Pauma Los -- La Jolla Coyotes TDVnet Cluster 2 concepts Cluster 1 Rincon San Mesa Santa Pasqual Grande Ysabel

Inaja Cosmit Cluster 3 Cuyapaipe Barona Captain Grande Cluster 4 Vieja Manzanita La Posta Campo high performance wireless research and educationSycuan network Jamul