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Shut Shall Sheep Chef Chiffon Chalet Chute Push Wish Sharp shut shall sheep chef chiffon chalet chute push wish sharp fresh shoot rush parachute chandelier crash shirt harsh chassis charades chivalry shape dashing short bushes shy chaperone machinery There are several graphemes which represent the /sh/ phoneme. Revise the ‘sh’ grapheme in the left column which is the most common code for the /sh/ sound. Explain that in some words the grapheme ‘ch’ can represent the /sh/ sound as in the examples in the right column. Remind the learner that the grapheme ‘ch’ most commonly represents the /ch/ sound as in ‘chat’ and it can also represent the /k/ sound as in ‘chemist’. Pronounce the ‘et’ in ‘chalet’ as /ai/, the ‘is’ in ‘chassis’ as /i/ and the ‘i’ in ‘machinery’ as /ee/. Hold your pencil correctly and draw a picture representing some ‘ch’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘ch’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘ch’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Put the grapheme ‘ch’ on one dash. Edit (check) each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 1 of 20 nation motion station patient patience partial initials essential torrential There are several digraphs which represent the /sh/ sound: ‘sh’, ‘ch’, ‘ti’, ‘ci’ and ‘ssi’. Sound out and blend the words above. Draw a picture representing some ‘ti’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘-ti’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘-ti’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Put the grapheme ‘ti’ on one dash. Edit (check) each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 2 of 20 official delicious precious special musician ancient artificial politician suspicious There are several digraphs which represent the /sh/ sound: ‘sh’, ‘ch’, ‘ti’, ‘ci’ and ‘ssi’. The grapheme ‘ou’ as in ‘delicious’, ‘precious’ and ‘suspicious’ is pronounced /u/. Sound out and blend the words above. Draw a picture representing some ‘ci’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘-ci’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘-ci’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Put the grapheme ‘ci’ on one dash. Edit (check) each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 3 of 20 mission admission permission passion expression discussion compassion possession There are several digraphs which represent the /sh/ sound: ‘sh’, ‘ch’, ‘ti’, ‘ci’ and ‘ssi’. Note that the end of every word is spelt ‘-ssion’ and this word-chunk is pronounced “shun”. Sound out and blend the words above. Draw a picture representing some ‘-ssi’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘-ssi’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘-ssi’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Put the grapheme ‘ssi’ on one dash. Edit (check) each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 4 of 20 vision division television confusion invasion illusion persuasion leisure measure treasure pleasure azure beige visual casual usual collage barrage courgette delusion genre montage photomontage deluge These words have an unusual pronunciation which is denoted as /zh/. You could almost describe this sound as a ‘soft j’! Teachers usually teach the word ending of words like ‘vision’ and ‘division’ as a chunk - that is ‘sion’ = “zhun”. You could also teach the word endings of ‘leisure’, ‘measure’, ‘treasure’ and ‘pleasure’ as a chunk - that is ‘sure’ = “zhu” (a schwa effect). The ending of ‘azure’ is more pronounced: “a - zh - ure”. The ‘ei’ in ‘leisure’ is pronounced /e/. The ‘ea’ in the words above are also pronounced /e/. The ‘ei’ in ‘beige’ is pronounced /ai/. The ‘a’ in ‘collage’, ‘barrage’, ‘montage’ and ‘photomontage’ is pronounced /ar/. The first ‘e’ in ‘genre’ is pronounced close to /o/ and the final ‘e’ is pronounced as a shwa /u/. List all the different graphemes for the /zh/ phoneme and become familiar with the words above. Fold this page up to the bottom of the first /zh/ box to hide the words but to reveal the /zh/. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Teach that the chunk ‘sion’ and the chunk ‘sure’ is the most helpful way to spell these particular words. Edit (check) each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 5 of 20 /sh/ sh ch -ti -ci -ssi shall chef nation official mission wish chiffon motion delicious admission sharp chalet patient precious permission fresh chute station special passion shirt parachute patience musician expression splash chassis partial ancient discussion shape charades initials artificial compassion rushing chaperone essential politician possession short machine torrential suspicious procession shy machinery confidential optician aggression There are several graphemes which represent the /sh/ phoneme. Where these words are beyond the reading ability of the learner, the teacher can model how to sound them out whilst tracking under the graphemes from left to right with the index finger. 1) Blend these words. 2) Say simple sentences with these words used correctly according to their meaning. 3) Hold the pencil correctly and write a few simple sentences (preferably on lines) using a selection of these words. 4) Check (edit) the words by blending them. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 6 of 20 /sh/ sh ch -ti -ci -ssi Write down further words in the correct columns as you think of them or find them in your wider reading. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 7 of 20 couple cousin moustache nourish flourish limousine double troubles mucous tough rough enough touch roughage serious flourished famous touching enormous The grapheme ‘ou’ is another way of representing the /u/ phoneme. This grapheme is most commonly used as part of the suffix ‘ous’ which forms adjectives such as the words ‘famous’, ‘serious’ and ‘enormous’. See ‘ous’ sounds book sheet for further examples. Sound out and blend all the words. Discuss the meanings of the words and say them in simple sentences. Draw a picture representing some ‘ou’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘-ou’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘-ou’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Break the words down into syllables first where necessary. Put the grapheme ‘ou’ on one dash. Edit each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 8 of 20 anonymous porous vicious precious previous rigorous conscious hideous hilarious numerous devious gracious dangerous studious curious courteous tedious atrocious hazardous envious ambitious The suffix ‘ous’ commonly forms adjectives as in the words above. The suffix ‘ous’ is made from two grapheme-phoneme correspondences: ‘ou’ + ‘s’ = /u/ + /s/. All the graphemes underlined represent the /sh/ phoneme. Sound out and blend all the words. Discuss the meanings of the words and say them in simple sentences. Find further examples. Draw a picture representing some ‘-ous’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘-ous’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘-ous’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Break the words down into syllables first where necessary. Put the grapheme ‘ou’ on one dash and grapheme ‘s’ on a dash - or you can choose to put the word ending ‘ous’ on one longer dash if you prefer. Edit each word by sounding out and blending whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 9 of 20 graph telegraph orphan photo photograph phase phone telephone elephant sphere hemisphere phrase triumph phobia phantom The grapheme ‘ph’ is another way of representing the /f/ phoneme. Point out that the words ‘photo’ and ‘phone’ are just shortened versions of the words ‘photograph’ and ‘telephone’ but that this is not the case with ‘graph’ and ‘telegraph’ and ‘sphere’ and ‘hemisphere’. Sound out and blend all the words. Discuss the meanings of the words and say them in simple sentences. Draw a picture representing some ‘ph’ words from above and label: Fold this page up to the bottom of the first ‘ph’ box to hide the words but to reveal the ‘ph’. Use the back of the folded-up part to practise spelling and writing. Say the words slowly and put a dash for each sound in the words. Break the words down into syllables first where necessary. Put the grapheme ‘ph’ on one dash. Edit each word whilst finger-tracking under the graphemes. Copyright 2007 Debbie Hepplewhite Unit 8 - Sheet 10 of 20 rough tough enough roughage cough coughing trough laugh laughter draughts The grapheme ‘gh’ is another way of representing the /f/ phoneme. The grapheme ‘ou’ in the words in the top row is pronounced /u/.
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