Phytochemicai Studies of Flavonoids from Polygon Um Glahrum L of Sudan
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Modulation of Allergic Inflammation in the Nasal Mucosa of Allergic Rhinitis Sufferers with Topical Pharmaceutical Agents
Modulation of Allergic Inflammation in the Nasal Mucosa of Allergic Rhinitis Sufferers With Topical Pharmaceutical Agents Author Watts, Annabelle M, Cripps, Allan W, West, Nicholas P, Cox, Amanda J Published 2019 Journal Title FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY Version Version of Record (VoR) DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00294 Copyright Statement © Frontiers in Pharmacology 2019. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/386246 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au fphar-10-00294 March 27, 2019 Time: 17:52 # 1 REVIEW published: 29 March 2019 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00294 Modulation of Allergic Inflammation in the Nasal Mucosa of Allergic Rhinitis Sufferers With Topical Pharmaceutical Agents Annabelle M. Watts1*, Allan W. Cripps2, Nicholas P. West1 and Amanda J. Cox1 1 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia, 2 Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic upper respiratory disease estimated to affect between 10 and 40% of the worldwide population. The mechanisms underlying AR are highly complex and involve multiple immune cells, mediators, and cytokines. As such, the development of a single drug to treat allergic inflammation and/or symptoms is confounded by the complexity of the disease pathophysiology. Complete avoidance of allergens that trigger AR symptoms is not possible and without a cure, the available therapeutic options are typically focused on achieving symptomatic relief. -
Naturally Occurring Aurones and Chromones- a Potential Organic Therapeutic Agents Improvisingnutritional Security +Rajesh Kumar Dubey1,Priyanka Dixit2, Sunita Arya3
ISSN: 2319-8753 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 1, January 2014 Naturally Occurring Aurones and Chromones- a Potential Organic Therapeutic Agents ImprovisingNutritional Security +Rajesh Kumar Dubey1,Priyanka Dixit2, Sunita Arya3 Director General, PERI, M-2/196, Sector-H, Aashiana, Lucknow-226012,UP, India1 Department of Biotechnology, SVU Gajraula, Amroha UP, India1 Assistant Professor, MGIP, Lucknow, UP, India2 Assistant Professor, DGPG College, Kanpur,UP, India3 Abstract: Until recently, pharmaceuticals used for the treatment of diseases have been based largely on the production of relatively small organic molecules synthesized by microbes or by organic chemistry. These include most antibiotics, analgesics, hormones, and other pharmaceuticals. Increasingly, attention has focused on larger and more complex protein molecules as therapeutic agents. This publication describes the types of biologics produced in plants and the plant based organic therapeutic agent's production systems in use. KeyWords: Antecedent, Antibiotics; Anticancer;Antiparasitic; Antileishmanial;Antifungal Analgesics; Flavonoids; Hormones; Pharmaceuticals. I. INTRODUCTION Naturally occurring pharmaceutical and chemical significance of these compounds offer interesting possibilities in exploring their more pharmacological and biocidal potentials. One of the main objectives of organic and medicinal chemistry is the design, synthesis and production of molecules having value as human therapeutic agents [1]. Flavonoids comprise a widespread group of more than 400 higher plant secondary metabolites. Flavonoids are structurally derived from parent substance flavone. Many flavonoids are easily recognized as water soluble flower pigments in most flowering plants. According to their color, Flavonoids pigments have been classified into two groups:(a) The red-blue anthocyanin's and the yellow anthoxanthins,(b)Aurones are a class of flavonoids called anthochlor pigments[2]. -
Adaptive Radiations: from Field to Genomic Studies
Adaptive radiations: From field to genomic studies Scott A. Hodges and Nathan J. Derieg1 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Adaptive radiations were central to Darwin’s formation of his phenotype–environment correlation, (iii) trait utility, and (iv) theory of natural selection, and today they are still the centerpiece rapid speciation. Monophyly and rapid speciation for many of for many studies of adaptation and speciation. Here, we review the the classic examples of adaptive radiation have been established advantages of adaptive radiations, especially recent ones, for by using molecular techniques [e.g., cichlids (4), Galapagos detecting evolutionary trends and the genetic dissection of adap- finches (5, 6), and Hawaiian silverswords (7)]. Ecological and tive traits. We focus on Aquilegia as a primary example of these manipulative experiments are used to identify and test pheno- advantages and highlight progress in understanding the genetic type–environmental correlations and trait utility. Ultimately, basis of flower color. Phylogenetic analysis of Aquilegia indicates such studies have pointed to the link between divergent natural that flower color transitions proceed by changes in the types of selection and reproductive isolation and, thus, speciation (3). anthocyanin pigments produced or their complete loss. Biochem- Studies of adaptive radiations have exploded during the last 20 ical, crossing, and gene expression studies have provided a wealth years. In a search of the ISI Web of Science with ‘‘adaptive of information about the genetic basis of these transitions in radiation’’ (limited to the subject area of evolutionary biology) Aquilegia. To obtain both enzymatic and regulatory candidate we found 80 articles published in 2008 compared with only 1 in genes for the entire flavonoid pathway, which produces antho- 1990. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.421,180 B2 Zielinski Et Al
USOO9421 180B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.421,180 B2 Zielinski et al. (45) Date of Patent: Aug. 23, 2016 (54) ANTIOXIDANT COMPOSITIONS FOR 6,203,817 B1 3/2001 Cormier et al. .............. 424/464 TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATION OR 6,323,232 B1 1 1/2001 Keet al. ............ ... 514,408 6,521,668 B2 2/2003 Anderson et al. ..... 514f679 OXIDATIVE DAMAGE 6,572,882 B1 6/2003 Vercauteren et al. ........ 424/451 6,805,873 B2 10/2004 Gaudout et al. ....... ... 424/401 (71) Applicant: Perio Sciences, LLC, Dallas, TX (US) 7,041,322 B2 5/2006 Gaudout et al. .............. 424/765 7,179,841 B2 2/2007 Zielinski et al. .. ... 514,474 (72) Inventors: Jan Zielinski, Vista, CA (US); Thomas 2003/0069302 A1 4/2003 Zielinski ........ ... 514,452 Russell Moon, Dallas, TX (US); 2004/0037860 A1 2/2004 Maillon ...... ... 424/401 Edward P. Allen, Dallas, TX (US) 2004/0091589 A1 5, 2004 Roy et al. ... 426,265 s s 2004/0224004 A1 1 1/2004 Zielinski ..... ... 424/442 2005/0032882 A1 2/2005 Chen ............................. 514,456 (73) Assignee: Perio Sciences, LLC, Dallas, TX (US) 2005, 0137205 A1 6, 2005 Van Breen ..... 514,252.12 2005. O154054 A1 7/2005 Zielinski et al. ............. 514,474 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2005/0271692 Al 12/2005 Gervasio-Nugent patent is extended or adjusted under 35 et al. ............................. 424/401 2006/0173065 A1 8/2006 BeZwada ...................... 514,419 U.S.C. 154(b) by 19 days. 2006/O193790 A1 8/2006 Doyle et al. -
Natural Sources, Pharmacokinetics, Biological Activities and Health Benefits of Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Metabolites
nutrients Review Natural Sources, Pharmacokinetics, Biological Activities and Health Benefits of Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Metabolites Matej Sova 1,* and Luciano Saso 2 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerˇceva7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: matej.sova@ffa.uni-lj.si; Tel.: +386-1-476-9556 Received: 24 June 2020; Accepted: 22 July 2020; Published: 23 July 2020 Abstract: Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) are important natural phenolic compounds present in high concentrations in fruits, vegetables, cereals, coffee, tea and wine. Many health beneficial effects have been acknowledged in food products rich in HCAs; however, food processing, dietary intake, bioaccessibility and pharmacokinetics have a high impact on HCAs to reach the target tissue in order to exert their biological activities. In particular, metabolism is of high importance since HCAs’ metabolites could either lose the activity or be even more potent compared to the parent compounds. In this review, natural sources and pharmacokinetic properties of HCAs and their esters are presented and discussed. The main focus is on their metabolism along with biological activities and health benefits. Special emphasis is given on specific effects of HCAs’ metabolites in comparison with their parent compounds. Keywords: diet; natural compounds; phenolic acids; hydroxycinnamic acids; metabolites; pharmacokinetic properties; biological activities; health effects 1. Introduction Our diet rich in plant food contains several health-beneficial ingredients. Among such ingredients, polyphenols represent one of the most important natural compounds. Phenolic compounds are members of probably the largest group of plant secondary metabolites and have the main function to protect the plants against ultraviolet radiation or invasion by pathogens [1,2]. -
Chromanone-A Prerogative Therapeutic Scaffold: an Overview
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-021-05858-3 REVIEW-CHEMISTRY Chromanone‑A Prerogative Therapeutic Scafold: An Overview Sonia Kamboj1,2 · Randhir Singh1 Received: 28 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 June 2021 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2021 Abstract Chromanone or Chroman-4-one is the most important and interesting heterobicyclic compound and acts as a building block in medicinal chemistry for isolation, designing and synthesis of novel lead compounds. Structurally, absence of a double bond in chromanone between C-2 and C-3 shows a minor diference from chromone but exhibits signifcant variations in biological activities. In the present review, various studies published on synthesis, pharmacological evaluation on chroman- 4-one analogues are addressed to signify the importance of chromanone as a versatile scafold exhibiting a wide range of pharmacological activities. But, due to poor yield in the case of chemical synthesis and expensive isolation procedure from natural compounds, more studies are required to provide the most efective and cost-efective methods to synthesize novel chromanone analogs to give leads to chemistry community. Considering the versatility of chromanone, this review is designed to impart comprehensive, critical and authoritative information about chromanone template in drug designing and development. Keywords Chroman-4-one · Chromone · Pharmacological activity · Synthesis · Analogues 1 Introduction dihydropyran (ring B) which relates to chromane, chromene, chromone and chromenone, but the absence of C2-C3 dou- Chroman-4-one is one of the most important heterobicyclic ble bond of chroman-4-one skeleton makes a minor difer- moieties existing in natural compounds as polyphenols and ence (Table 1) from chromone and associated with diverse as synthetic compounds like Taxifolin, also known as chro- biological activities [1]. -
Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities
foods Review Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities Manoj Kumar 1 , Maharishi Tomar 2, Ryszard Amarowicz 3,* , Vivek Saurabh 4 , M. Sneha Nair 5, Chirag Maheshwari 6, Minnu Sasi 7, Uma Prajapati 4, Muzaffar Hasan 8, Surinder Singh 9, Sushil Changan 10 , Rakesh Kumar Prajapat 11, Mukesh K. Berwal 12 and Varsha Satankar 13 1 Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India; [email protected] 2 ICAR—Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India; [email protected] 3 Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland 4 Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; [email protected] (V.S.); [email protected] (U.P.) 5 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad 121004, Haryana, India; [email protected] 6 Department of Agriculture Energy and Power, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India; [email protected] 7 Division of Biochemistry, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; [email protected] 8 Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Citation: Kumar, M.; Tomar, M.; Bhopal 462038, India; [email protected] 9 Amarowicz, R.; Saurabh, V.; Nair, Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; [email protected] M.S.; Maheshwari, C.; Sasi, M.; 10 Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR—Central Potato Research Prajapati, U.; Hasan, M.; Singh, S.; Institute, Shimla 171001, India; [email protected] et al. -
Flavonoid Glucodiversification with Engineered Sucrose-Active Enzymes Yannick Malbert
Flavonoid glucodiversification with engineered sucrose-active enzymes Yannick Malbert To cite this version: Yannick Malbert. Flavonoid glucodiversification with engineered sucrose-active enzymes. Biotechnol- ogy. INSA de Toulouse, 2014. English. NNT : 2014ISAT0038. tel-01219406 HAL Id: tel-01219406 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01219406 Submitted on 22 Oct 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Last name: MALBERT First name: Yannick Title: Flavonoid glucodiversification with engineered sucrose-active enzymes Speciality: Ecological, Veterinary, Agronomic Sciences and Bioengineering, Field: Enzymatic and microbial engineering. Year: 2014 Number of pages: 257 Flavonoid glycosides are natural plant secondary metabolites exhibiting many physicochemical and biological properties. Glycosylation usually improves flavonoid solubility but access to flavonoid glycosides is limited by their low production levels in plants. In this thesis work, the focus was placed on the development of new glucodiversification routes of natural flavonoids by taking advantage of protein engineering. Two biochemically and structurally characterized recombinant transglucosylases, the amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea and the α-(1→2) branching sucrase, a truncated form of the dextransucrase from L. Mesenteroides NRRL B-1299, were selected to attempt glucosylation of different flavonoids, synthesize new α-glucoside derivatives with original patterns of glucosylation and hopefully improved their water-solubility. -
Mechanisms of Toxic Action of the Flavonoid Quercetin and Its Phase II Metabolites
Mechanisms of toxic action of the flavonoid quercetin and its phase II metabolites Hester van der Woude Promotor: Prof. Dr. Ir. I.M.C.M. Rietjens Hoogleraar in de Toxicologie Wageningen Universiteit Co-promotor: Dr. G.M. Alink Universitair Hoofddocent, Sectie Toxicologie Wageningen Universiteit. Promotiecommissie: Prof. Dr. A. Bast Universiteit Maastricht Dr. Ir. P.C.H. Hollman RIKILT Instituut voor Voedselveiligheid, Wageningen Prof. Dr. Ir. F.J. Kok Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. T. Walle Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen de onderzoekschool VLAG Mechanisms of toxic action of the flavonoid quercetin and its phase II metabolites Hester van der Woude Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, Prof. Dr. M.J. Kropff, in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 7 april 2006 des namiddags te half twee in de Aula Title Mechanisms of toxic action of the flavonoid quercetin and its phase II metabolites Author Hester van der Woude Thesis Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands (2006) with abstract, with references, with summary in Dutch. ISBN 90-8504-349-2 Abstract During and after absorption in the intestine, quercetin is extensively metabolised by the phase II biotransformation system. Because the biological activity of flavonoids is dependent on the number and position of free hydroxyl groups, a first objective of this thesis was to investigate the consequences of phase II metabolism of quercetin for its biological activity. For this purpose, a set of analysis methods comprising HPLC-DAD, LC-MS and 1H NMR proved to be a useful tool in the identification of the phase II metabolite pattern of quercetin in various biological systems. -
Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice
Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2020, Article ID 3821248, 14 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3821248 Review Article Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice Danni Wang ,1 Jing Liang,2 Jing Zhang,1 Yuefei Wang ,1 and Xin Chai 1 1Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China 2School of Foreign Language, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, China Correspondence should be addressed to Xin Chai; [email protected] Received 28 August 2019; Accepted 7 February 2020; Published 15 March 2020 Academic Editor: Veronique Seidel Copyright © 2020 Danni Wang et al. -is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Licorice is an important Chinese materia medica frequently used in clinical practice, which contains more than 20 triterpenoids and 300 flavonoids. Chalcone, one of the major classes of flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities and is widely distributed in nature. To date, about 42 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice. -ese chalcones play a pivotal role when licorice exerts its pharmacological effects. According to the research reports, these compounds have a wide range of biological activities, containing anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidepressive, hep- atoprotective activities, and so on. -is review aims to summarize structures and biological activities of chalcones from licorice. We hope that this work can provide a theoretical basis for the further studies of chalcones from licorice. -
Mucilages, Tannins, Anthraquinones
Herbal Pharmacology Mucilages, Tannins, Anthraquinones Class Abstract Mucilages Mills&Bone 1st ed. P.26 Eshun, Kojo, and Qian He. "Aloe vera: a valuable ingredient for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries—a review." Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 44.2 (2004): 91- 96. Goycoolea, Francisco M., and Adriana Cárdenas. "Pectins from Opuntia spp.: a short review." Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development 5 (2003): 17-29. Hasanudin, Khairunnisa, Puziah Hashim, and Shuhaimi Mustafa. "Corn silk (Stigma Maydis) in healthcare: A phytochemical and pharmacological review." Molecules 17.8 (2012): 9697-9715. KEY POINTS: demulcent, soothe tissue, trap/slow sugars and cholesterol entry, poorly absorbed but may have reflex action in other mucous membranes, prebiotic Extraction: water. Heat and ethanol (above 50%) may damage Areas of action: mostly topical Pharmacokinetics: form gels with water in GI tract, excreted through GI tract Representative species: Aloe, Acacia, Althaea, Zea, Ulmus, Symphytum, Linum Tannins: Mills & Bone, 1st ed. p.34 Min, B. R., and S. P. Hart. "Tannins for suppression of internal parasites." Journal of Animal Science 81.14 suppl 2 (2003): E102-E109. Zucker, William V. "Tannins: does structure determine function? An ecological perspective." American Naturalist (1983): 335-365. Akiyama, Hisanori, et al. "Antibacterial action of several tannins against Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 48.4 (2001): 487-491. Clausen, Thomas P., et al. "Condensed tannins in plant defense: a perspective on classical theories." Plant polyphenols. Springer US, 1992. 639-651. KEY POINTS: astringent, styptic, bind protein, tone tissue, eventually denature tissue, can have antimicrobial action once modified in GI tract Extraction: water. -
Drug Name Plate Number Well Location % Inhibition, Screen Axitinib 1 1 20 Gefitinib (ZD1839) 1 2 70 Sorafenib Tosylate 1 3 21 Cr
Drug Name Plate Number Well Location % Inhibition, Screen Axitinib 1 1 20 Gefitinib (ZD1839) 1 2 70 Sorafenib Tosylate 1 3 21 Crizotinib (PF-02341066) 1 4 55 Docetaxel 1 5 98 Anastrozole 1 6 25 Cladribine 1 7 23 Methotrexate 1 8 -187 Letrozole 1 9 65 Entecavir Hydrate 1 10 48 Roxadustat (FG-4592) 1 11 19 Imatinib Mesylate (STI571) 1 12 0 Sunitinib Malate 1 13 34 Vismodegib (GDC-0449) 1 14 64 Paclitaxel 1 15 89 Aprepitant 1 16 94 Decitabine 1 17 -79 Bendamustine HCl 1 18 19 Temozolomide 1 19 -111 Nepafenac 1 20 24 Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) 1 21 -43 Lapatinib (GW-572016) Ditosylate 1 22 88 Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC 683864) 1 23 96 Belinostat (PXD101) 1 24 46 Capecitabine 1 25 19 Bicalutamide 1 26 83 Dutasteride 1 27 68 Epirubicin HCl 1 28 -59 Tamoxifen 1 29 30 Rufinamide 1 30 96 Afatinib (BIBW2992) 1 31 -54 Lenalidomide (CC-5013) 1 32 19 Vorinostat (SAHA, MK0683) 1 33 38 Rucaparib (AG-014699,PF-01367338) phosphate1 34 14 Lenvatinib (E7080) 1 35 80 Fulvestrant 1 36 76 Melatonin 1 37 15 Etoposide 1 38 -69 Vincristine sulfate 1 39 61 Posaconazole 1 40 97 Bortezomib (PS-341) 1 41 71 Panobinostat (LBH589) 1 42 41 Entinostat (MS-275) 1 43 26 Cabozantinib (XL184, BMS-907351) 1 44 79 Valproic acid sodium salt (Sodium valproate) 1 45 7 Raltitrexed 1 46 39 Bisoprolol fumarate 1 47 -23 Raloxifene HCl 1 48 97 Agomelatine 1 49 35 Prasugrel 1 50 -24 Bosutinib (SKI-606) 1 51 85 Nilotinib (AMN-107) 1 52 99 Enzastaurin (LY317615) 1 53 -12 Everolimus (RAD001) 1 54 94 Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506) 1 55 24 Thalidomide 1 56 40 Tivozanib (AV-951) 1 57 86 Fludarabine