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Home , 2003 Texas redistricting, Andre Bauer, Anita Thigpen Perry, Bill Stepien, Bob Fitrakis, Bob Shamansky

2016 SCOUTING REPORT

American Bridge’s Media Guide to the Republican Presidential Bench

Paid for by American Bridge 21st Century PAC, www.AmericanBridgePAC.org. Not authorized by any candidate or candidate’s committee.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword by ...... i ...... 1 Career Highlights ...... 2 Career Statistics ...... 9 Issues at a Glance ...... 9 What to Watch ...... 9 In Focus: Christie’s Scandals and Corruption ...... 10 ...... 14 Career Highlights ...... 15 Career Statistics ...... 21 Issues at a Glance ...... 21 What to Watch ...... 21 In Focus: Rand Paul’s Ties to ’s Extreme Network . . . 22 Scott Walker ...... 25 Career Highlights ...... 26 Career Statistics...... 29 Issues at a Glance...... 30 What to Watch...... 30 In Focus: John Doe Investigations ...... 31 ...... 36 Career Highlights ...... 37 Career Statistics ...... 39 Issues at a Glance ...... 40 What to Watch ...... 40 In Focus: Paul Ryan’s Draconian Budgets Over Time ...... 41 ...... 45 Career Highlights ...... 46

TABLE OF CONTENTS Career Statistics ...... 51 Issues at a Glance ...... 51 What to Watch ...... 51 ...... 52 Career Highlights ...... 53 Career Statistics ...... 57 Issues at a Glance ...... 58 What to Watch ...... 58 In Focus: Financial Troubles and Scandals ...... 59 ...... 61 Career Highlights ...... 62 Career Statistics ...... 65 Issues at a Glance ...... 66 What to Watch ...... 66 ...... 67 Career Highlights ...... 68 Career Statistics ...... 73 Issues at a Glance ...... 73 What to Watch ...... 73 ...... 74 Career Highlights ...... 75 Career Statistics ...... 79 Issues at a Glance ...... 79 What to Watch ...... 79 ...... 80 Career Highlights ...... 81 Career Statistics ...... 84 Issues at a Glance ...... 84 What to Watch ...... 84

2016 SCOUTING REPORT Jeb ...... 85 Career Highlights ...... 86 Career Statistics ...... 91 Issues at a Glance ...... 91 What to Watch ...... 91 Mike ...... 92 Career Highlights ...... 93 Career Statistics ...... 96 Issues at a Glance ...... 96 What to Watch ...... 96 ...... 97 Career Highlights ...... 98 Career Statistics ...... 101 Issues at a Glance ...... 101 What to Watch ...... 101 ...... 102 Career Highlights ...... 103 Career Statistics ...... 105 Issues at a Glance ...... 106 What to Watch ...... 106 ...... 107 Career Highlights ...... 108 Career Statistics ...... 112 Issues at a Glance ...... 112 What to Watch ...... 112 ...... 113 Career Highlights ...... 114 Career Statistics ...... 118 Issues at a Glance ...... 118

TABLE OF CONTENTS What to Watch ...... 118 ...... 119 Career Highlights ...... 120 Career Statistics ...... 123 Issues at a Glance ...... 123 What to Watch ...... 123 ...... 124 Career Highlights ...... 125 Issues at a Glance ...... 127 What to Watch ...... 127 ...... 128 Career Highlights ...... 129 Issues at a Glance ...... 131 What to Watch ...... 131 ...... 132 Endnotes ...... 134

2016 SCOUTING REPORT FOREWORD

Rigorous. Factual. Issue-based. Done with the highest integrity. In our cynical times, these aren’t words or phrases that are regularly associated with political organizations. But as an avid consumer and user of political information, these adjectives, and many others, are appropriate to describe the work of American Bridge. American Bridge has dug into the least sexy – but most important – part of politics: the issue research, the fact-based research, the re- cord research, and the video tracking of candidates that is essential to the political process. As a result, American Bridge has become the modern day arsenal of democracy. American Bridge is fast, thorough, and strategic, and their archive of video, facts, votes, and quotes on candidates and elected officials is the gold standard in all of American politics.

That is why the 2016 Scouting Report: American Bridge’s Media Guide to the Republican Presidential Field is an essential resource for any- one interested in politics. Whether you’re an embed on a campaign, a talking head on television, a political operative or activist, or just a concerned citizen trying to sift through all of the Republican contend- ers, the 2016 Scouting Report is the perfect introduction to a Repub- lican presidential field that is as large and undistinguished as any in my lifetime.

Let me take a moment to praise this book for what it is not. It is not a dumpster dive into the personal lives of public people. I hate the poli- tics of personal destruction. First and most importantly, because it is unethical. Second, it’s bad strategy. True professionals know that the most devastating research is about the lives of voters, not politicians. The researchers at Bridge don’t dig for dirt; they pan for gold. And votes and quotes about the public issues that actually affect voters’ lives: that’s gold.

FOREWARD i While leafing through this guide you’ll have access to all the basic ca- reer and biographical information on the candidates – from jobs and offices held to where they grew up and went school. But more impor- tantly, you’ll learn about their highlights and lowlights, mistakes and controversies, flips and flops, and positions and prevarications on the issues facing our country. Which leading potential candidate was sued for libel over a county legislature race – and lost? Which governor and former TV host wrote a plan for a health care individual mandate when he was in Congress? Which potential candidate was described by a Republican colleague as “a Girl Scout with a switchblade knife?” Covering twenty possible GOP presidential contenders – from Ameri- ca’s most outspoken governor, Chris Christie, to neurosurgeon turned conservative provocateur Ben Carson – the 2016 Scouting Report is the earliest primer on the opposition party’s presidential field that has ever been assembled. It’s a must-have for any political profes- sional, both as a reference guide and as a good in-depth read on the Republican field.

The 2016 Scouting Report is of course just the beginning of the conver- sation, though – we have nearly two years ahead of us during which Republicans will jockey for position. We will see them explaining away past ethics and legal issues, papering over their failed economic agen- das, competing for the affection of the Koch , and running to the far right to endear themselves to the Tea Party activists they must win over to compete for the nomination. And through all this, whether it’s a gaffe, a scandal, or a policy point, American Bridge and its video trackers, top-notch research team, and political and commu- nication strategists promise me that they will be there to capture it, unearth it, and expose it.

Sunshine truly is the best disinfectant, and I am grateful to American Bridge for deploying their massive solar array on the GOP field. So enjoy the 2016 Scouting Report – I sure have.

Paul Begala December 2014

ii 2016 SCOUTING REPORT CHRIS CHRISTIE Governor Chris Christie is seen by many as a rising star in the Republican Party and a top contender for the party’s presidential nomination in 2016. Yet Christie’s persistent scandals, notorious temper, and legacy of corruption could pose serious problems to his candidacy and national appeal.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME WEALTH Christopher James Christie $1,535,000-$2,600,000 in 2013 5 BORN CAREER September 6, 1962, Chairman, Republican Governors Newark, NJ 1 Association (2013-Present) 6 HOMETOWN Governor, State of New Jersey 7 Mendham, NJ 2 (2010-Present) U.S. Attorney for the District of EDUCATION New Jersey, u.S. Department of , university Justice (2002-2008) 8 of Delaware (1984) Director of Freeholder Board, , Seton hall Morris County, NJ (1997) 3 university School of Law (1987) Member, Board of Freeholders, FAMILY Morris County, NJ (1995-1997) 9 Wife: ; Registered Lobbyist (1999-2001) 10 Children: Andrew, Patrick, Attorney, Dughi, hewit & Palatucci Sarah, and Bridget 4 (1987-2001) 11

ChRIS ChRISTIe 1 Career Highlights CAREER In 1987, Christie joined the law fi rm of Dughi and hewit,12 and in 1999, he became one of two registered lobbyists at the fi rm.13 The fi rm lobbied on several controversial issues, including limiting regulations against se- curities fraud on behalf of a trade group, deregulating New Jersey’s electric and gas industry, and allowing the for-profi t to operate in New Jersey.14 Most notably, the Wall Street trade group Christie represented was called the Securities Industry Association and it was run at the time by Bernie Madoff .15 In 2009, Madoff was convicted of perpetrating the largest fi nan- cial fraud in American history and sentenced to 150 years behind bars.16 EARLY POLITICAL CAREER In 1993, Christie launched a short-lived primary campaign against State Senator John Dorsey, then the sitting majority leader, but his campaign disbanded when offi cials found “dozens of invalid signatures” on Chris- tie’s petition.17 Christie then set his sights lower and ran for a seat on the Morris County Freeholder Board in 1994, waging a dirty but ultimately successful cam- paign to defeat a sitting Republican freeholder. Christie created contro- versy by libelously accusing Republican Freeholder Cissy Laureys of being under investigation by the county prosecutor, which was not the case.18

SCREENSHOT FROM A CAMPAIGN AD FROM CHRISTIE’S 1994 BID FOR MORRIS COUNTY FREEHOLDER BOARD.

2 2016 SCOuTING RePORT he won Laureys’ seat but was sued by Laureys for libel and found guilty – a occurrence in American politics.19 As a result, a judge forced Chris- tie to publicly apologize for lying about Laureys.20 In addition, Christie became a target of fellow Republicans in his 1997 campaign for reelec- tion and he was voted out of offi ce, fi nishing dead last in the primary.21 APPOINTMENT AS U.S. ATTORNEY During the 2000 presidential race between George W. Bush and , Christie helped raise $350,000 for Bush’s campaign,22 making him one of Bush’s top fundraisers.23 Additionally, he personally contributed nearly $20,000 to Republican causes in 2000,24 and his , Todd Christie, also bundled contributions from donors.25 In 2002, Bush appointed Christie to serve as the u.S. Attorney for New Jer- sey.26 As reported, “Looking at [Christie’s] resume, some deemed him unprepared to become the law enforcement offi cer in New Jersey. Many attributed his appointment to his fund-raising prowess for Bush.” 27

“ Looking at [Christie’s] resume, some deemed him unprepared to become the law enforcement offi cer in New Jersey. Many attributed his appointment to his fund- raising prowess for Bush.” WASHINGTON POST 27 FeBRuARY 10, 2014 PHOTO CREDIT: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS.

TENURE AS U.S. ATTORNEY As the u.S. attorney in New Jersey, Christie was known for allowing com- panies accused of white-collar crimes to enter into deferred prosecution agreements. Part of these agreements included hiring third-party lawyers as federal contractors to monitor the companies’ reforms and actions.28 Christie awarded several multi-million-dollar no-bid monitoring con- tracts to people with whom he had a confl ict of interest. Several of these contracts went to people he knew, including his old boss, former u.S. Attorney General , whose fi rm was appointed by Christie “to a lucrative monitoring contract worth as much as $52 million,” 29 and

ChRIS ChRISTIe 3 former u.S. Attorney David Kelley, who had once investigated Christie’s brother, Todd, for stock fraud but did not seek charges.30 Todd Chris- tie admitted in 2008 that he conducted hundreds of trades that violated stock exchange rules and created profi ts for his fi rm at his customers’ expense.31 TRAFFIC INCIDENTS Christie has a record of using his position as leverage, and as u.S. attor- ney, he avoided being ticketed and prosecuted to the full extent of the law in multiple traffi c incidents. In 2002, Christie drove the wrong way down a street and hit a motorcy- clist. The offi cer who arrived on the scene declined to write Christie a tick- et after Christie revealed his title and that he was on his way to a county prosecutor’s swearing-in ceremony.32 The victim, who was injured in the accident, sued Christie and the case was settled out of court in 2004.33

THE ACCIDENT REPORT FROM THE WRONG-WAY CRASH IN WHICH CHRISTIE INJURED A MOTORCYCLIST. CHRISTIE DID NOT RECEIVE A TICKET. PHOTO CREDIT: BLUE JERSEY.

In 2005, Christie was pulled over for speeding and for driving an unreg- istered and uninsured vehicle. he was issued tickets on which the offi cer wrote “no deal,” however Christie later talked with the prosecutor and, once again, his position as u.S. attorney came up and Christie was of- fered a reduced charge.34 DEMEANOR As governor, Christie has gained national attention for arguing with and attacking those who ask him diffi cult questions. In 2012, he was on the New Jersey boardwalk when a man criticized his education policies. Christie verbally assaulted the man, saying, “You’re a real big shot shoot- ing your mouth off ,” and when the man began walking away, Christie

4 2016 SCOuTING RePORT OCTOBER 2014: WHEN ASKED WHY POST-SUPERSTORM SANDY HOME REBUILDING EF- FORTS HAD STALLED, CHRISTIE TOLD THE QUESTIONER TO “SIT DOWN AND SHUT UP.” continued, “Keep walking away. Really good. Keep walking.” 35 In 2013, Christie called a Daily reporter “a complete idi- ot, self-consumed, underpaid reporter.” 36 In another instance at a town hall meeting, Christie yelled at a 17-year-old Newark student who asked him why he had not held a town hall in Newark. Christie responded, “If I decide to have a town hall in Newark, I’ll have one.” 37 When asked by a reporter if he thought he was a bully, Christie denied he was one, stating that, “Some people like [my] style, some people don’t.” 38 More recently, Christie spoke at the October 29, 2014, event marking the second anniversary of Superstorm Sandy, where he was confronted by a local resident who asked him to explain why home rebuilding eff orts had stalled. Christie immediately began shouting at the man and told him to “sit down and shut up,” earning widespread condemnation by the media.39 TRAVEL EXPENSES Dating back to his days as u.S. attorney, Christie has abused his travel budgets and spent hundreds of thousands of taxpayer dollars on lav- ish accommodations and helicopter rides. In 2008, Christie stayed at the Four Seasons hotel in Washington, D.C., spending $475 a night when his budget was $233.40 Also in 2008, Christie took a trip to London on tax- payer dollars to speak at a meeting and brought his wife and two staff - ers with him, making the government pick up the tab for all four of their lodgings.41 The spending habits of u.S. attorneys sparked an inspector general re- port, which revealed that Christie exceeded the budget the government set during 14 of his 23 trips as u.S. attorney, and that Christie provided

ChRIS ChRISTIe 5 “insuffi cient, inaccurate, or no justifi cation” for his spending.42 Between taking offi ce as governor in January 2010 and March 2013, Christie and his lieutenant governor, , took a combined 164 helicopter fl ights at taxpayer expense, which “have cost at least $390,200.” 43 Christie’s helicopter rides included trips to the governor’s vacation home44 and to his son’s baseball games.45 On one occasion, Christie and his wife traveled 100 yards in a state-owned car between the helicopter and the stands at their son’s baseball game.46

CHRISTIE BOARDS A STATE HELICOPTER IN HADDON HEIGHTS, NJ, ON JUNE 25, 2014.

In addition, Christie and his family attended the 2013 NFL Super Bowl in and he has thus far refused to divulge the cost to taxpayers for the trip.47 TRANSPARENCY Despite taking offi ce “promising ‘a new era of accountability and trans- parency,’” Christie’s administration is “accused of routinely stonewalling even the most basic requests for public records.” 48 Christie has refused to release details about his travel and meetings to the media, as is rou- tine for governors, thereby forcing media outlets to sue “over access to visitor logs at the governor’s mansion, out of state travel records and details about public contracts.” 49 Since Christie’s Bridgegate scandal broke, lawyers, government watch- dog groups, and the media “say they have received more arbitrary justifi - cations for the denial of requests made under New Jersey’s open records law, as well as an increased willingness by the state attorney general’s offi ce to fi ght such requests in court.” 50 In October 2014, the Christie ad- ministration refused to release the fi ndings of a state investigation into pay-to-play allegations concerning the state pension system and 2014

6 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Massachusetts Republican gubernatorial candidate ,51 who defeated Massachusetts Attorney General Martha Coakley on Nov. 4.52 Christie’s lack of transparency dates to his time as u.S. attorney. In 2009, it was revealed that key Christie aide and confi dant Michelle Brown, who was still working in the u.S. attorney’s offi ce during Christie’s fi rst guber- natorial campaign, personally stepped in to delay the release of records pertaining to Christie’s excessive spending until after she left for a private sector job.53 In addition, reported that Christie made a previously undisclosed personal loan of $46,000 to Brown in 2007.54 ECONOMIC RECORD As governor, Christie has touted his “Jersey Comeback” campaign as designed to grow the state’s economy. The state had worse economic growth, however, than all but three states in 201155 and New Jersey saw the sixth-lowest job growth of any state during Christie’s fi rst term, with employment growing by just 2.2%.56 In addition, New Jersey’s credit rating has been downgraded eight times on Christie’s watch – a record for New Jersey governors57 – making it more diffi cult for the state to borrow funds for road improvements and school construction.58 Property taxes soared under Christie in 2010, with the average bill increasing 23.5%,59 and Christie delayed $395 million in property tax rebates to elderly, disabled, and low-income homeowners for the third time, “making it even more diffi cult for those living on a fi xed income in a state already one of the most expensive in which to reside.” 60 Additionally, Atlantic City casinos have struggled dur- ing Christie’s tenure, with a quarter of them closing in 2014, causing the loss of 8,300 jobs.61

1/4 OF ATLANTIC CITY 61 CASINOS CLOSED IN 2014 INCLUDING CLUB CASINO, BELOW. PHOTO CREDIT: ANDY BORYSOWSKI.

ChRIS ChRISTIe 7 Based on the poor early performance of Christie’s “Jersey Comeback” campaign, the Newark Star-Ledger stated that “Gov. Christie’s ‘Jersey Comeback’ appears to be in need of a comeback of its own.’” 62 PENSION PROGRAM New Jersey’s state pension program has plagued Christie throughout his tenure as governor. In 2014, Christie’s administration incorrectly predict- ed budget revenues, so Christie reneged on his deal to fund pensions to close the resulting $807 million budget gap.63 As reported by the Asbury Park Press, Christie raised doubts about the pension system’s ability to

“ If I to tell them that they were guaranteed to get the payments they were promised, I would be lying.” CHRIS CHRISTIE on retirees receiving state pensions PHOTO CREDIT: JuLY 31, 2014 64 GAGE SKIDMORE continue paying retirees, saying, “If I were to tell them that they were guaranteed to get the payments they were promised, I would be lying.” 64 under Christie, the funds invested in risky alternatives, including hedge funds that charge high fees. Since Christie took offi ce, these fees have tripled to almost $1 billion.65 Leaders of the Fraternal Order of Police and the International Association of Fire Fighters panned Christie’s ac- tions, stating that the governor “is not to be trusted” 66 and “does not care about the brave men and women who risk their lives to keep New Jersey safe.” 67

“ It is remarkable that Christie is running for president on a record like this, a measure of how presidential politics has become as much about theater as substance.” STAR-LEDGER EDITORIAL BOARD SePTeMBeR 26, 2014 68

8 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Statistics 69

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2013 New Governor Chris Christie (R) $20,367,240 60.3% (1,278,932 votes) General Jersey (D) $6,079,490 38.19% (809,978 votes)

2009 New Governor Chris Christie (R) $17,261,299 48.45% (1,174,445 votes) General Jersey (D) $31,672,940 44.88% (1,087,731 votes)

1997 New Morris County Chris Christie (R) Records Purged 9.7% (11,085 votes) Primary Jersey Freeholder John Murphy (R) 16.5% (18,887 votes) Douglas Cabana (R) 11.9% (13,635 votes) Cecilia Laureys (R) 12.3% (14,092 votes) Jack O’Keffe (R) 11.2% (12,876 votes) Frank Druetzler (R) 13.2% (15,128 votes) Barbara harris (R) 8.7% (10,004 votes) edward ‘Skip’ McMahon (R) 16.1% (18,378 votes) Donald Dinsmore (R) 19.0% (21,748 votes)

1995 New State Chris Christie (R) $99,361.23 15.5% (4,389 votes) General Jersey Assembly Tony Bucco (R) $106,920.50 29.9% (8,425 votes) J. Patrick Gilligan (R) $483.22 7.3% (2,074 votes) Rick Merkt (R) $106,625.00 16.1% (4,548 votes) Frank Zanotti (R) $4,438.12 5.3% (1,518 votes) Michael Carroll (R) $48,129.84 25.6% (7,219 votes)

1994 New Morris County Chris Christie (R) Records Purged 22.7% (78,251 votes) General Jersey Freeholder Frank Druetzler (R) 22.3% (76,665 votes) Jack O’Keffe (R) 22.7% (78,301 votes) Daniel Grant (D) 10.8% (37,415 votes) Robert Grant (D) 10.8% (37,353 votes) Stephen Landfield (D) 10.3% (35,615 votes)

1994 New Morris County Chris Christie (R) Records Purged 15.7% (13,671 votes) Primary Jersey Freeholder Frank Druetzler (R) 13.7% (11,881 votes) Jack O’Keffe (R) 14.4% (12,501 votes) Maria Fornaro (R) 6.8% (5,977 votes) John Barat (R) 4.7% (4,138 votes) Cecilia Laureys (R) 11.8% (10,272 votes) edward Tamm (R) 12.2% (10,635 votes) Ruth Spellman (R) 10.1% (8,823 votes) David Scapicchio (R) 10.1% (8,777 votes)

1993 New State Chris Christie (R) Records Purged 0% - Christie Taken Off Ballot Primary Jersey Assembly John Dorsey (R) 100% (16,024 votes) Issues At A Glance Opposes raising the ...... YES 70 Opposes the ...... YES 71 Opposes government funding for . . . YES 72 Supports Supreme Court’s Hobby Lobby decision ...... YES 73 What To Watch • how will multiple investigations into the lane closure scandal impact Christie’s presidential aspirations? • Will Christie’s administration adhere to the state’s open records law and comply with outstanding requests before he formally launches a presidential campaign? • Will Christie’s temper ultimately doom his chances at the nomination?

ChRIS ChRISTIe 9 In Focus Christie’s Scandals & Corruption

For more than a year, Chris Christie has been plagued by the so-called Bridgegate scandal that arose from the actions of some of his closest staff . The investigations into this scandal have led to a great- er focus on Christie’s other misdeeds and the culture of corruption he has fostered in his administration. On September 9, 2013, aides to Chris Christie ordered the closure of traffi c lanes in Fort Lee, New Jersey, leading on to the George Washington Bridge during the morning rush hour, creating four days of traffi c jams and chaos for commuters. Upon investigation, it was revealed that the lane clo- sures were coordinated by senior Christie staff ers and political appointees,with speculation they were ordered as political retribution against Fort Lee’s Democratic mayor, , for refusing to endorse Christie for reelection.

10 2016 SCOuTING RePORT EMAIL EXCHANGE BETWEEN CHRISTIE’S DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF BRIDGET KELLY AND PORT AUTHORITY OFFICIAL BEFORE THE BRIDGE LANE CLOSURES.

As reported by the New York Times, “Mr. Christie was cruising to re-elec- tion over Ms. Buono in the fall, but he and his campaign were leaning on local Democratic offi cials to endorse him so that he could pitch himself to national Republicans as the presidential nominee who could attract broad bipartisan support.” 74 Some of the 50 Democrats who endorsed Christie “whispered that they feared the governor would withhold state money or favor if they did not go along.” 75 The New York Times further reported that “emails and texts revealed that a top aide had ordered the closings to punish the town’s mayor after he did not endorse the governor for re-election,” including the infamous email from Christie’s deputy chief of staff , , to David Wildstein, which read, “Time for some traffi c problems in Fort Lee.” 76 At the time, Wildstein, a high school friend of Christie’s, was employed by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, which operates the bridge.77 It was also revealed that staff from Christie’s administration, staff from his reelection campaign, and his political appointees at the Port Authority “were all intimately involved in discussing the growing scandal and how to react to it even as it was unfolding.” 78 Christie “denied knowledge of the emails and said his staff was to blame.” 79 As a result of the scandal, several Christie staff ers and appointees either resigned or were fi red, including Christie-appointed Port Authority Chair ,80 Port Authority offi cials David Wildstein and ,81 Christie’s deputy chief of staff Bridget Anne Kelly,82 and Christie’s cam- paign manager and nominee to head the Republican Party of New Jersey, .83 Christie later hired a law fi rm to investigate the lane closures, but the report the fi rm produced was widely seen to be a “whitewash” attempt.84 Through August 2014, the investigations into Christie’s Bridgegate scan-

ChRIS ChRISTIe 11 dal and the legal defense of Christie officials had cost New Jersey taxpay- ers more than $7 million.85 86 In the wake of Bridgegate, several other allegations of bullying and cor- ruption were made against Christie’s administration: COERCION Mayor Dawn Zimmer of hoboken, New Jersey, accused the Christie ad- ministration of requiring her to approve a pet project of the governor’s in exchange for providing her locality much needed Superstorm Sandy relief funds.87 RETALIATION AGAINST DEMOCRATIC MAYORS Two Democratic mayors have accused Christie of retaliating against their citizens because the mayors did not abide by Christie’s agenda: Jersey City Mayor Steve Fulop, who was courted by the Christie administration as soon as he was elected,88 said he received “rough treatment” from Christie’s office after he announced he would not endorse the gover- nor,89 including having meetings canceled “within an hour” of his an- nouncement.90 Elizabeth In 2010, the Christie administration decided to close three DMV offices across the state, including the office in elizabeth – the state’s fourth- largest city, and a low-income, majority-minority area.91 Christie’s of- fice claimed the elizabeth DMV was closed because of “low customer volume,” but Mayor Christian Bollwage called the move “extremely partisan.” 92 SUPERSTORM SANDY AID FOR COMMUNITIES NOT AF- FECTED BY THE STORM The Christie administration may have used federal storm recovery mon- ey to reward communities where local leaders showed political support for the governor: Belleville The town of Belleville, New Jersey, was largely untouched by Super- storm Sandy, yet a controversial senior housing project in the town was allocated $10 million in federal Sandy recovery funds.93 In May 2013, Democratic Belleville Mayor Raymond Kimble said he would en- dorse Christie’s reelection because “I think the Governor is going to help the town of Belleville with certain projects we need.” 94 Two weeks later, Sandy recovery funds were allocated to Belleville by the Christie administration for the development.95

12 2016 SCOUTING REPORT SANDY STORM DAMAGE IN SEASIDE HEIGHTS, NJ. PHOTO CREDIT: ANTHONY QUINTANO.

New Brunswick New Brunswick lost relatively little housing in Superstorm Sandy, yet the town received $4.8 million in federal Sandy recovery funds for a new high-rise apartment building.96 DROPPED CORRUPTION CHARGES In 2010, hunterdon County Sheriff Deborah Trout and two deputies were prosecuted in a “43-count grand jury indictment” by the county for “hir- ing deputies without conducting proper background checks, and making employees sign loyalty oaths.” 97 Charges also included manufacturing fake police badges for a Christie donor and threatening a critic.98 Members of the grand jury said the indictment was a “no-brainer.” 99 Christie-appointed Attorney General , however, “in a highly unusual move, sent a deputy attorney general… to assume control of the hunterdon prosecutor’s offi ce,” and then dropped the indictments against all three defendants, leading Detective Sgt. Kenneth Rowe to write, “‘I have never seen a prosecutorial agency act or work as a defense counsel. Why the interest in this small-time case? ’” 100 Trout had ties to Christie’s lieutenant governor, Kim Guadagno, who pre- viously served as a sheriff in Monmouth County, New Jersey.101 According to the New York Times, “Ms. Guadagno and Ms. Trout exchanged chatty e-mails,” and “after the election, Ms. Guadagno thanked Sheriff Trout for sending her deputies to work on the campaign.” 102 Christie continues to grapple with several ongoing investigations into his administration’s actions: federal prosecutors from New Jersey and New York, along with the New Jersey state legislature and federal agencies in Washington, D.C., continue to investigate the activities of the Port Au- thority under Christie’s watch.103 While some of Christie’s closest aides and advisers have held prominent positions at the Port Authority during his administration, it remains to be seen whether the Bridgegate scandal or any other will implicate Christie himself.104

ChRIS ChRISTIe 13 RAND PAUL Rand Paul is a fi rst-term senator from and the son of for- mer U.S. Representative Ron Paul. A Duke-trained ophthalmologist, he is often described as a libertarian and he holds conservative views on women’s rights, civil rights, and LGBT equality. He has attacked the Repub- lican Party for being, in his view, too similar to the Democratic Party and embraced a non-interventionist that is out of line with much of the GOP base.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Randal howard Paul Member, u.S. Senate, Kentucky (2011- 111 BORN Present) Director & Registered Agent, Alchemy January 7, 1963, LLC (2005-Present) 112 , PA 105 President & Director, National Board of HOMETOWN Inc. (1999-2011) 113 106 Bowling Green, KY President & Registered Agent, Clinic 114 EDUCATION Optical Inc. (1998-2008) Director, Randal h. Paul M.D. P.S.C. No degree, , (1981- 115 84) 107 (1996-Present) Founder, Kentucky Taxpayers united (1994- Medical Doctor, 2000) 116 School of Medicine (1988) 108 Ophthalmologist, Graves-Gilbert Clinic FAMILY (1996-2007) 117 Wife: Kelley Ashby Paul; BOOKS AUTHORED Children: William, Duncan, and Rob- Government Bullies: How Everyday ert 109 Are Being Harassed, Abused, and WEALTH Imprisoned by the Feds (2012) $683,036-$1,970,000 in reported as- The Tea Party Goes to Washington (co- sets in 2013 110 author ) (2011)

14 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Paul’s parents instilled a libertarian philosophy in him from a young age, rejecting chores, mandates, curfews, and allowances – the latter of which they likened to government handouts.118 The Pauls’ parenting “produced a family of likeminded thinkers” and Rand followed his father into medi- cine and politics.119 Rand’s younger sister, Joy Paul Leblanc, told the New York Times that Ron and Rand “spent hours having great philosophical discussions about issues.” 120 Paul “grew up steeped in the libertarian political philosophy beloved by his father, and he worked as a strategist on Ron Paul’s many politi- cal campaigns.” 121 This upbringing and exposure to Ron Paul’s views and network shaped Paul into who he is today: he describes himself as “libertarian-ish” and supports “a libertarian infl uence in the Republican Party.” 122 By 2009, Paul had “become the star of the .” 123 he accused the GOP of being “Democrat-lite,” 124 and six months before his election to the u.S. Senate, he said, “I have a message from the Tea Par- ties. We’ve come to take our government back.” 125 Paul has stated he believes the Republican Party needs to change in order to be successful, saying in 2014, “I’m proud of the fact that there is a struggle [within the Republican Party]. And I will struggle to make the Republican Party a dif- ferent party, a bigger party, a more diverse party, and a party that can win national elections again.” 126

RON AND RAND PAUL CAMPAIGN TOGETHER IN ERLANGER, KY, DURING RAND’S SUC- CESSFUL 2010 BID FOR THE STATE’S OPEN SENATE SEAT. PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE.

RAND PAuL 15 RAND PAUL (PICTURED CENTER RIGHT WEARING A DARK ROBE AND STRAW HAT) POSES WITH SOME OF HIS NOZE BROTHERS CIRCA 1983. PHOTO CREDIT: THE ROBE, VIA GQ.

EDUCATION In 1981, Paul enrolled at Baylor university where he joined a secret soci- ety that “was founded in the nineteen-twenties mostly to mock Baylor’s clubs and fraternities and to satirize its earnest religiosity.” 127 The group, known as NoZe, had been banned from campus for its “sacrilegious, vul- gar, obscene, and sometimes tasteless crudities.” 128 As part of the initiation into this organi- zation, Paul “was required to submit a satirical essay of ’10,622 words or less,’” and he signed his essay “with the name of a nineteenth-century anarchist and abolitionist, Lysander Spooner, who lat- er opposed the Civil War on the ground that states had the right to secede.” 129 Spooner, who “has become a revered fi gure to modern libertarians,” may have been the inspiration for Paul’s secret 130 LYSANDER SPOONER. PHOTO brotherhood name, “SpoonNoZe.” CREDIT: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS. During Paul’s 2010 campaign for Sen- ate, his Democratic opponent, Jack Con- way, accused Paul and other NoZe members of tying up a woman and forcing her to bow down to a false idol known as “Aqua Buddha.” 131 Paul denied the story.132 In a separate incident, Paul and his friends “got high on laughing gas” taken from the school’s dentistry program.133

16 2016 SCOuTING RePORT During college, Paul expressed his political phi- losophy through a number of opinion pieces he wrote for Baylor’s newspaper, the Lariat, includ- ing one in which he defended individuals’ right to discriminate against others.134 Paul never graduated from Baylor, but based on his MCAT scores, he was admitted to Duke Medi- cal School, where he studied and received a de- gree in ophthalmology.135

PAUL’S COLLEGE YEARS. MEDICAL CAREER PHOTO CREDIT: THE After completing his , Paul and his wife LARIAT, VIA BUZZFEED. moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, in 1993, where he entered private practice.136 In 1996, Paul took a reprieve to help his father run for reelection to the house in , where the elder Paul defeated the Republican establishment’s preferred candidate.137 Over the years, Paul has had issues with his medical board certifi cation. he claimed to be a “board-certifi ed” ophthalmologist, but the American Board of Medical Specialties, which “works with the American Medical Association to approve specialty boards,” reported that Paul was not cer- tifi ed.138 Paul was only certifi ed, in fact, by a board that he created and led – the National Board of Ophthalmology, which was not recognized as legitimate.139 Paul’s National Ophthalmology Board “has been out of since 2011,” and “does not under Kentucky law permit him to advertise as ‘board certifi ed.’” 140 Paul has avoided discussing why he felt comfortable claiming to be a “board-certifi ed” ophthalmologist.141

Paul was only certifi ed by a board that he created and led – the National Board of Ophthalmology, which was not recognized as legitimate.139

WOMEN’S ISSUES Rand Paul prides himself on being a defender of individual liberties but his defense of such rights does not extend to women’s right to remedy pay discrimination or access health care. In 2012142 and 2014,143 Paul vot- ed against requiring to show that male-to-female wage dis- crepancies were not gender-based,144 likening it to Soviet-style price and wage controls.145 On reproductive rights, Paul claims that he supports and emergency contraception,146 but he also believes life begins at concep-

RAND PAuL 17 tion,147 he introduced controversial legislation148 that could ban common forms of birth control like the pill, and he supported ban- ning after 20 weeks.149 CIVIL RIGHTS While at Baylor, Paul wrote an opinion piece in the school newspaper supporting “the right to discriminate” as one of the “inalien- able rights of man.” 150 More recently, Paul spoke out against the part of the that banned private business owners from discriminating against clients based on race, saying, “I think it’s a bad deci- sion to exclude anybody from your restau- rant – but at the same time, I do believe in private ownership.” 151 In an interview with conservative television host , Paul supported Repub- licans pursuing voter ID laws despite the laws’ tendency to disenfranchise minority voters, stating, “There’s nothing wrong with it… I don’t really object to having some rules with how we vote.” 152 In 2013, Paul voted against prohibiting employment discrimina- tion against LGBTQ Americans.153 ALTERNATIVE BUDGETS Much like Representative Paul Ryan, Rand Paul off ered his own budget proposals in 2011,154 2012,155 and 2013.156 unlike Ryan, however, Paul’s proposals were more ex- plicit and called for eliminating the Depart- ments of Commerce, education, energy, and housing and urban Development; repealing the Aff ordable Care Act; eliminating the Low Income home energy Assistance Program; and block-granting both and the A 1980S LETTER TO THE EDI- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. TOR BY PAUL. PHOTO CREDIT: THE LARIAT, VIA BUZZFEED. In addition, while the details changed, all three of Paul’s budget plans raised the Social Security and reduced initial benefi t amounts for higher- income earners. Paul’s 2012 and 2013 plans both included repealing the 2010 Dodd-Frank fi nancial reform law and replacing the individual and the corporate systems with 17 percent fl at taxes.

18 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Both the 2012 and 2013 plans also added new proposals regarding Medi- care that would end the program by fiscal year 2015157 and replace it with another program that would allow seniors to select a private health plan through the Federal employee health Benefits Plan as if they were federal employees. In this proposal, the government would pay for three-quarters of the cost of an average plan. Paul’s 2013 budget plan also raised the Medicare eligibility age from 65 to 70 over 20 years. In addition, Paul’s 2013 plan added a new Social Security proposal that would allow Americans to put their Social Security payroll taxes into a pri- vate account and permit younger Americans to opt-out of the program. FOREIGN POLICY Rand Paul’s views on foreign policy are often at odds with the hawkish Republican Party. Despite his objections, Paul is generally viewed as an isolationist,158 and he has recently flip-flopped on some key issues as he prepares to run for president. Paul’s budget plans have at times called for freezing or eliminating inter- national assistance. his 2011 plan called for eliminating all foreign aid

In a 2011 interview with CNN’s , Rand Paul confirmed that he wanted to end all U.S. foreign aid, including aid to .160

and specifically noted that this included assistance to Israel.159 In a 2011 interview with CNN’s Wolf Blitzer, Paul confirmed that he wanted to end all u.S. foreign aid, including aid to Israel.160 In 2012, Paul said he was a strong supporter of “an independent, strong Israel that is not a depen- dent state,” and likened Israel to a client state of the .161 In 2014, Paul planned to introduce a bill that would end aid to Palestine until it recognizes Israel’s right to exist.162 Regarding ISIS, Paul made the case against intervening in in 2013, stating that he opposes military actions “where clear u.S. interests are not at stake.” 163 In 2014, Paul announced he would introduce legisla- tion to cut off aid to the Syrian rebels and any other group that threat- ened Israel.164 More recently, however, Paul said he favors u.S. airstrikes that seek to “destroy ISIS militarily,” saying, “Let’s get on with destroying them.” 165 A number of prominent Republicans have criticized Paul’s foreign pol- icy, including fellow Senators Marco Rubio of and John McCain of Arizona, with the latter saying that Paul’s flip-flop on ISIS is in “des-

RAND PAuL 19 peration” as he tries to “fi nd some footing here as he slides down a very steep slope of credibility.” 166 Regarding Paul, former Vice President said, “Anybody who went through 9/11 who thinks we can retreat behind our oceans and we’ll be safe and secure is – I’m sorry, but they’re out to lunch.” 167

“ Anybody who went through 9/11 who thinks we can retreat behind our oceans and we’ll be safe and secure is – I’m sorry, but they’re out to lunch.” DICK CHENEY PHOTO CREDIT: JuLY 14, 2014 167 GAGE SKIDMORE

EBOLA During the 2014 outbreak of in West Africa, Paul attempted to stoke fears at home by contradicting public health offi cials, saying that the ebola virus is “incredibly contagious,” and accusing the of misleading the public about the threat.168 Paul fabricated facts to sup- port his case, claiming, “We have physicians and health workers who are catching [ebola] who are completely gloved down.” When Paul made that claim, however, no physicians and only two nurses in the u.S. had con- tracted the disease.169 his infl ammatory comments created headlines, in- cluding one Daily Beast article entitled, “ebola Scare-Mongerer Rand Paul Wants You to Think You’re Going to Die.” 170

20 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Paul is not the only Republican who spread fear and discontent regard- ing ebola, however. Senator Ron Johnson of and 2014 Senate candidates in , Dr. in , ed Gillespie in , Dan Sullivan in , and in Geor- gia all attempted to build fear171 leading up to the November elections. Paul and Republicans at large were accused of fear mongering on ebola for political gain.172 Career Statistics 173

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2010 Rand Paul (R) $7,850,140 55.73% (755,706 votes) (D) $6,120,252 44.25% (600,052 votes) Billy Ray Wilson (I) $0 N/A (338 votes)

Leadership PAC 174

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Reinventing a New Direction $2,548,298

2012 Reinventing a New Direction $1,861,619

Issues At A Glance Supports Personhood legislation ...... YES 175 Supports 20-week ban ...... YES 176 Supports parts of Civil Rights Act banning radical discrimination by private businesses ...... NO 177 Supports Balanced Budget Amendment ...... YES 178 Supports national right-to-work legislation ...... YES 179 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 180 Called Social Security a Ponzi scheme ...... YES 181 Introduced a bill ending traditional Medicare ...... YES 182 What To Watch • how many of Ron Paul’s positions and statements will Rand have to publicly disavow during the primary? • Does Paul consider a return to the gold standard to be fea- sible? • Will Rand Paul continue to abdicate his ideological Libertar- ian purism in order to appeal to the Republican electorate?

RAND PAuL 21 In Focus Rand Paul’s Ties to Ron Paul’s Extreme Network The apple does not fall far from the tree for Rand Paul, both in terms of his views and the people he employs. Rand Paul has deep connections in his father’s politi- cal network: he has hired several people who were pre- viously employed by Ron Paul, and he has tapped into Ron Paul’s network of extreme supporters to benefi t his political career. One prominent hire is , who worked for both Rand Paul’s Senate campaign and Ron Paul’s House campaign in 2010.183 In August 2014, Benton resigned as campaign manager to Senator Mitch McConnell after it was revealed that Ron Paul’s 2012 presidential cam- paign was allegedly involved in an illegal vote-buying scheme in the caucuses.184 Benton served as chair- man of Ron Paul’s campaign at the time of the alleged illegal activity.185

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE

22 2016 SCOuTING RePORT The father-son pair have also both employed Virginia-based campaign consultant Mike Rothfield, who specializes in direct mail.186 Rothfield is a longtime Ron Paul consultant and adviser, as well as a founder of the National Association for Gun Rights,187 an organization that “takes a more conservative line on gun rights than the NRA.” 188 Rand Paul has previ- ously “lent his name to the group’s fundraising efforts.” 189 Rand Paul worked on his father’s campaigns many times, including Ron’s 1984 Senate primary against Phil Graham,190 his 1988 presidential cam- paign,191 and his 2008 presidential campaign.192 In turn, Ron Paul’s net- work of extreme right- supporters has benefited Rand Paul. During Rand’s 2010 race for Senate, Ron Paul solicited donations from his network for Rand.193 In July 2014, as Rand began laying the ground- work for his expected 2016 presidential campaign, Ron Paul appeared on right-wing conspiracy theorist ’ show and told listeners to support Rand’s presidential campaign.194 Ron Paul claimed the estab-

“ It’s a rough road, because the establishment is going to come down hard. And it seems like [Rand] may well be the frontrunner right now. If they think he’s out there, believe me they’re going to come down hard.” RON PAUL JuLY 14, 2014 195 lishment would try to crush Rand’s bid, saying: “You go to his website, and you volunteer, you send money. You do all those things conceivable because it’s a rough road, because the establishment is going to come down hard. And it seems like he may well be the frontrunner right now. If they think he’s out there, believe me they’re going to come down hard.” In June 2014, while Ron Paul was stumping for right-wing Tea Party can- didate Chris McDaniel in his bid to defeat incumbent Republican Senator Thad Cochran, Ron Paul said that McDaniel would “stand up to the Re- publican Party” and give Rand “help up there in Washington, D.C., in the u.S. Senate.” 195 In addition, Rand Paul has his own extreme supporters, including Jack hunter, the former social media director in Rand’s Senate office and the coauthor of his 2011 book, The Tea Party Goes to Washington.196 hunter has written extensively on the virtues of the Confederacy197 and the idea of the former confederate states seceding from the united States.199 hunter

RAND PAuL 23 FORMER RAND PAUL AIDE AND “SOUTHERN AVENGER” JACK HUNTER AT CPAC 2011, HOLDING UP THE BOOK HE COWROTE WITH PAUL. PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE.

was a member and offi cial of the , a neo-secessionist group,199 and has written numerous articles and hosted a radio show un- der the pseudonym “The Southern Avenger,” 200 where he praised John Wilkes Booth and made “a number of provocative comments about race.” 201 Several weeks after his writings were revealed, including those in which he made “controversial comments… about President Abraham Lincoln, Southern secession, and Spanish-speaking immigrants,” hunter left Paul’s staff “to resume his career as a political pundit.” 202 According to the New York Times, “Father and son are described as each other’s political sounding boards, confi dants and support systems,” 203 demonstrating that Ron Paul’s ideas and network of Libertarian support- ers have infl uenced much of Rand Paul’s approach to politics and policy.

LEFT TO RIGHT: JACK HUNTER, RON PAUL, RAND PAUL. PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE.

24 2016 SCOuTING RePORT SCOTT WALKER Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker is best known for winning a heated recall election in 2012 following his signing of a bill that stripped public employees of the right to collectively bargain for pay and safety conditions. Walker’s tenure as governor has been marked by controversy, including multiple investigations into corruption, bribery, and illegal coordination between his campaign and outside groups, and evidence his economic development agency rewarded companies that outsourced Wisconsin jobs.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME WEALTH Scott Kevin Walker $20,000-$200,000 in 2013 209 BORN CAREER November 2, 1967, Governor, State of Wisconsin Colorado Springs, CO 204 (2011-Present) County Executive, Milwaukee HOMETOWN County, Wisconsin (2002-2010) 210 Wauwatosa, WI 205 Representative, Wisconsin State Assembly (1993-2002) 211 EDUCATION Marketing and Development, No degree, Marquette univer- American Red Cross (1990-1994) 212 206 sity (1986-1990) Sales, IBM (1988-1990) 213 FAMILY BOOKS AUTHORED Wife: Tonette M. Walker; 207 Unintimidated: A Governor’s Story Children: Alex and Matthew 208 and A Nation’s Challenge (2013)

SCOTT WALKeR 25 Career Highlights COLLEGE Walker attended Marquette university in Mil- waukee from 1986 to 1990 but never earned a degree.214 The exact reason is not known. Walker dropped out of college in 1990 215 fol- lowing his losing bid for president of the As- sociate Students of Marquette university – a WALKER IN HIGH SCHOOL. PHOTO CREDIT: ISTHMUS. fi erce and bitter election ripe with charges of misconduct.216 As reported by PolitiFact, “In February 1990, shortly before dropping out, Walker took a job with a nonprofi t, the local chapter of the American Red Cross.” 217 Walker stated, “My primary purpose was to get a job, and so I left school before fi nishing my senior year.… I thought I would squeeze in a course here or there and fi nish things off in a year or two, but then Tonette and I got married.” 218 The facts, however, are at odds with Walker’s statement: PolitiFact dis- covered that Walker was not one semester short, but at least two, possi- bly more, and that Walker left school in 1990 but did not get married until 1993.219 According to PolitiFact, “That gave [Walker] several years to take classes before family obligations or his government career began.” 220

SCOTT WALKER (CENTER) AND OTHER MEMBERS OF MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY STUDENT GOVERNMENT, CIRCA 1987. PHOTO CREDIT: MARQUETTE U. LIBRARIES, VIA POLITIFACT.

26 2016 SCOuTING RePORT STATE LEGISLATURE Walker fi rst ran for the Wisconsin State Assembly in the fall of 1990 at age 22 after dropping out of college, but he lost to then-State Rep. Gwen Moore (currently the u.S. representative for Wisconsin’s 4th Congressio- nal District).221 After moving to Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, Walker won elec- tion to the state legislature in 1993.222 he had an unremarkable career as a legislator but rose through the ranks to chair the Committee on elec- tions and Constitutional Law in 1994 and the Committee of Corrections and the Courts in 1999.223 CAMPAIGNS FOR MILWAUKEE COUNTY EXECUTIVE AND GOVERNOR In 2002, Walker was still a member of the State Assembly when Milwau- kee County executive F. Thomas Ament resigned in the face of a potential recall election after his administration was involved in a pension scan- dal.224 A special election was called and Walker ran for the seat, winning in an area considered to be a “Democratic stronghold.” 225 In 2004, Walker was reelected to a full term.226 In 2005, he announced his intention to run for governor in 2006227 but later withdrew due to a lack of funds.228 Walker was reelected as county executive in 2008,229 and in April 2009, he announced he would run for governor in 2010.230

FEBRUARY 2011: PROTESTERS IN MADISON, WI, MARCHED THROUGH SNOW TO OPPOSE SCOTT WALKER’S ANTI-UNION ECONOMIC LEGISLATION. PHOTO CREDIT: RICHARD HURD.

COLLECTIVE BARGAINING Walker came under fi re when he decided to support Wisconsin Act 10, a state bill that gutted working families’ benefi ts and eliminated collec- tive bargaining rights for workers. Walker pushed the bill through the legislature as soon as he took offi ce, even though he gave no indication this was a priority during the campaign. he later claimed he had cam-

SCOTT WALKeR 27 paigned on gutting benefi ts for working families, which PolitiFact rated “false.” 231 This anti-union legislation sparked protests in the Wisconsin Capitol Building232 in 2011 and the 2012 recall election.233 RECALL ELECTION In November 2011, recall supporters fi led over one million signatures to force Walker into a recall election.234 Walker said he would treat the recall like a normal campaign and embarked on a tour of the state.235 Walker’s recall election garnered signifi cant national attention and spending by state and national outside groups, with the latter serving as a focus of the state’s second John Doe investigation into Walker.236 In this race, he once again faced and defeated his 2010 opponent, Milwaukee Mayor Tom Bar- rett.237

SCREENSHOT FROM ONE OF SCOTT WALKER’S 2014 REELECTION CAMPAIGN ADS.

ECONOMIC RECORD under Walker, Wisconsin’s overall economy has suff ered, falling behind regional and national averages in several metrics. As a candidate in 2010, Walker ran on a platform of economic growth and job creation, promis- ing 250,000 new jobs in his fi rst term. In September 2014, PolitiFact de- clared Walker’s promise broken, stating that it was almost impossible for

Walker ran on a platform of economic growth and job creation, promising 250,000 new jobs in his fi rst term. In September 2014, PolitiFact declared Walker’s promise broken, stating that it was almost impossible for Walker to reach his goal by the end of his term.238

28 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Walker to reach his goal by the end of his term.238 Walker was forced to admit that he missed his goal. A report from the university of Wisconsin revealed that under Walker, Wisconsin’s “job gap” – the measure of how many jobs Wisconsin creates compared to neigh- boring states – had increased.239 The report specifically blamed Walker’s policies for the slowdown in job growth. Other studies back up the re- port’s findings, with jobs numbers showing that Wisconsin ranked 32nd nationally in job growth and 9th of 10 states in the Midwest.240 CAMPAIGN FINANCE AND OUTSIDE GROUPS In 1997, then-State Representative Walker authored a campaign finance reform bill that would have required “out-of-state political committees to file reports with the state elections board that show of all funds spent in the State of Wisconsin.” 241 In Walker’s press release an- nouncing the bill, he said, “Wisconsin voters have a right to know the source of all the money being poured into the state from Washington, D.C. and beyond.” 242 More recently, however, government prosecutors have alleged that Walker’s campaign and the Republican Governors As- sociation illegally coordinated with and others to coordinate spending by outside special interest groups on Walker’s behalf during his recall campaign.243 Career Statistics 244

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2014 Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker (R) At least 52.26% (1,259,706 votes) Mary Burke (D) $21,559,470.95 46.59% (1,122,913 votes) At least $13,474,637.84

2012 Wisconsin Governor (Recall) Scott Walker (R) $37,643,337 53.08% (1,335,585 votes) Tom Barrett (D) $6,563,275 46.28% (1,164,480 votes)

2010 Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker (R) $10,976,985 52.25% (1,128,941 votes) Tom Barrett (D) $6,141,017 46.48% (1,004,303 votes)

2008 Wisconsin Milwaukee Scott Walker 58.8% (98,039 votes) County executive Lena Taylor 41.2% (68,785 votes)

2004 Wisconsin Milwaukee Scott Walker 57.4% (136,203 votes) County executive David Riemer 42.6% (101,089 votes)

2002 Wisconsin Milwaukee Scott Walker 55.2% (99,850 votes) County executive James Ryan 44.8% (81,099 votes)

2000 Wisconsin State Assembly Scott Walker (R) $78,967 100% (20,268 votes)

1998 Wisconsin State Assembly Scott Walker (R) $33,728 67.6% (14,110 votes) Jim heidenrich (D) 32.3% (6,750 votes)

1996 Wisconsin State Assembly Scott Walker (R) 61.5% (15,658 votes) Dale Dulberger (D) 38.5% (9,792 votes)

1994 Wisconsin State Assembly Scott Walker (R) 100% (15,487 votes)

1993 Wisconsin State Assembly Scott Walker (R) 57.2% (5,027 votes) Christopher Ament (D) 41.7% (3,663 votes)

1990 Wisconsin State Assembly Scott Walker (R) 30.52% (1,690 votes) Gwen Moore (D) 69.48% (3,847 votes)

SCOTT WALKeR 29 Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in cases of rape or incest ...... YES 245 Opposes universal background checks on guns . . . . YES 246 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 247 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 248 Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 249 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 250 Supports voter ID ...... YES 251 Supports Personhood legislation ...... YES 252 What To Watch • how will the continued John Doe investigation impact Walk- er’s candidacy? • Will Walker try to end collective bargaining nationally if elected president? • In his second term as governor, will Walker double down on his attacks on private sector workers to appeal to Republican presidential primary voters? • Will Walker offer a more robust explanation for why he left college early?

30 2016 SCOUTING REPORT In Focus Walker’s John Doe Investigations

PHOTO CREDIT: GATEWAY TECHNICAL COLLEGE

Wisconsin has a unique legal structure called a “John Doe Investigation,” defi ned under Wisconsin Statute Section 968.2. Unlike normal grand jury investigations that target a specifi c individual, a John Doe investiga- tion is an “investigatory tool to ascertain whether a crime has been committed and if so, by whom.” 253 There are two distinct John Doe cases revolving around Scott Walker. The fi rst involved embezzlement and misuse of public funds in Walker’s County Executive offi ce and is complete. The second case, which is ongo- ing, involves potentially illegal coordination between Walker’s 2012 recall election campaign and indepen- dent groups like the Wisconsin and organizations backed by Charles and .

SCOTT WALKeR 31 SNAPSHOTS FROM LOCAL WISCONSIN COVERAGE OF THE FIRST JOHN DOE INVESTIGATION.

John Doe #1 The fi rst John Doe investigation was launched into Scott Walker’s County executive administration following the discovery of missing funds from a government-run veterans’ charity fund. During the investigation, the John Doe investigators discovered a secretly installed second router system within the county executive’s offi ce that was being used by Walker’s staff to both engage in campaign work while they were be- ing paid by the county and to avoid public records disclosure laws.254 Walker’s campaign was found to be vetting offi cial press releases from the county executive’s offi ce and directing county staff ers to take actions to boost Walker’s candidacy.255 Investigators gathered evidence showing Scott Walker himself was copied on many of the secret emails, indicating Walker was aware of the secret network and the extensive coordination between his offi cial and campaign staff256 . The investigation also turned up evidence that a railroad executive, whose company relied on the Wisconsin state government for hundreds of thousands of dollars in grants and incentives, had made tens of thou- sands of dollars in illegal campaign contributions to Walker’s fi rst guber- natorial campaign.257 Six people were charged and convicted as a result of this investigation: Kelly Rindfl eisch, a former deputy chief of staff to Walker, pled guilty to misconduct in public offi ce and was sentenced to six months in jail. half of Rind- fl eisch’s taxpayer-funded job involved doing cam- RINDFLEISCH paign work. She sent more than one thousand fun-

32 2016 SCOuTING RePORT draising emails during work hours, using the county executive offi ce’s secret computer system. Rindfl eisch was also implicated in the caucus scandal of 2002, where Republican state senate caucus employees were caught running political campaigns,258 but she was granted immunity in that case.259 Darlene Wink, described by the Milwaukee Journal as “Walker’s onetime constituent services co- ordinator,” admitted to spending much of her time at her taxpayer-funded job posting positive online com- ments about Scott Walker.260 Further investigation revealed that she engaged in fundraising for Walk- er’s gubernatorial campaign while working for the WINK county.261 She cooperated with investigators and was eventually sentenced to one year of probation and a fi ne of $1,000.262 Former Deputy Chief of Staff Tim Russell and Veteran Services Com- mission Member Kevin Kavanaugh were convicted of embezzlement after investigators found they had embezzled thousands of dollars ear- RUSSELL KAVANAUGH marked for veterans’ organizations. They used the money for everything from renewing the domain names for Walker’s campaign websites to tak- ing Caribbean vacations.263 264 Railroad executive William Gardner was found guilty of violating campaign fi nance laws in a straw donor scheme wherein he reimbursed employees for contributions made to Walker.265 When Walker’s campaign was warned about the misconduct by a whistleblower, they declined to take action and only returned Gardner’s illegal contributions when law en- GARDNER forcement became involved.266 It was later revealed that Gardner’s railroad received hundreds of thousands of dollars in spe- cial grants and loans from the State of Wisconsin once Walker became governor.267 Brian Pierick was former Walker Deputy Chief of Staff Tim Russell’s domestic partner, and when inves- tigators seized Russell’s computer, they found sexu- ally explicit chats involving Pierick as well as “what appeared to be” child pornography.268 Based on the evidence John Doe investigators uncovered, Pierick PIERICK was charged with and found guilty of contributing to the delinquency of a child after attempting to lure a 17 year old into Russell’s van for a sexual encounter.269

SCOTT WALKeR 33 Beyond the criminal investi- gation, emails uncovered in the investigation showed a pattern of callus, insensitive, and even racist behavior. examples include the Walker campaign ordering county offi cials to delay payment in a court case for political rea- sons,270 Walker fi ring a com- petent female doctor because of her modeling career,271 and Walker’s staff forwarding rac- ist emails272 and disparaging SCREENSHOT FROM A RACIST EMAIL SENT BY patients under the care of Mil- FORMER TOP WALKER AIDE TOM NARDELLI. waukee County who were suf- fering from mental illness.273 Walker also received information on his primary opponent’s campaign strategy from then-RNC general counsel .274 New documents from this investigation, which were previously sealed under the ongoing investigation, are still being periodically released by Milwaukee County.275 John Doe #2 In February 2012, prosecutors launched a second John Doe probe into Scott Walker, this time focused on possible campaign fi nance violations related to the 2012 Wisconsin governor’s recall election race. The probe was sparked by information obtained during the fi rst John Doe probe276 and targeted approximately 29 conservative groups, including Walker’s 2012 gubernatorial recall campaign and the Wisconsin Club for Growth.277 The Wisconsin Club for Growth sued in federal court to stop the probe. While John Doe probes are usually conducted in secret, this lawsuit at the federal level made it possible for a federal judge to publicly release documents from the probe. On June 19, 2014, a federal judge allowed the release of nearly 300 pages of documents related to this John Doe investigation.278 These documents revealed that Walker and his campaign were targets of the probe and were accused of illegal coordination with a constella- tion of conservative groups that were supposedly only engaging in is- sue advocacy. The documents put Walker and R.J. Johnson, a confi dant of Walker’s and the general consultant to Walker’s campaign, at the center of a “criminal scheme” to coordinate fundraising with outside conserva- tive groups.279 The documents provided evidence that Johnson had been

34 2016 SCOuTING RePORT THE MILWAUKEE JOURNAL SENTINEL’S FRONT PAGE STORY ON THE SECOND JOHN DOE. working closely with state and national conservatives to create a coordi- nated message in support of Walker, calling it “an extensive coordination scheme that pervaded nearly every aspect of the campaign activities.” 280 Johnson allegedly used the Wisconsin Club for Growth as a “hub” 281 for illegal coordination, going so far that the national Club for Growth raised legal concerns about his activity.282 On June 20, 2014, the probe was placed on hold by order of conservative u.S. District Judge Ru- dolph Randa, who faces charges of having a confl ict of interest in the case.283 Judge Randa is a frequent attendee at “judicial junkets” funded by the conservative Koch brothers and received all-expense-paid trips to these seminars in 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012.284 Randa also employs a ju- dicial assistant who is married to a top lawyer for 285 JUDGE RANDA Walker’s campaign. In June, Randa ordered the investigation halted and the records destroyed, but a federal appeals court immediately reversed that decision, including the order to destroy the investigation’s documents.286 While Walker dismissed the prosecutor’s allegations as “resolved” and “over,” PolitiFact ruled these statements false, saying that as of June 20, 2014, the status of the John Doe cases was still being “hammered out.” 287 On September 24, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reported that the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals in Chicago overturned Judge Randa’s ruling, but has not restarted the investigation because a related case’s decision “is undergoing its own separate appeal.” 288

SCOTT WALKeR 35 PAUL RYAN Paul Ryan is a longtime congressman from Wisconsin who ran for vice president in 2012 alongside Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney. He has spent most of his adult life working in politics and drawing a government salary. Besides the 2012 campaign, Ryan is most known for the budget proposals he has crafted as chairman of the House Budget Committee, which have drawn signifi cant attention from both the media and his opponents for their plans to alter entitlement programs and cut government spending.

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Paul Davis Ryan Candidate, Vice President of the united BORN States of America (2012) January 29, 1970, Member, u.S. house of Representatives 294 Janesville, WI 289 (1998-Present) Market Consultant, Ryan Incorporated HOMETOWN Central (1997-98) 295 290 Janesville, WI Speechwriter, Vice Presiden- EDUCATION tial Campaign (1996) 296 Bachelor of Arts, univer- Legislative Director, u.S. Senator Sam sity, Oxford, Oh,1992 291 Brownback (R-KS) (1995-97) 297 298 FAMILY Staff , empower America (1993-95) Wife: Janna Christine Ryan; Legislative Aide, u.S. Senator Robert Children: elizabeth, Samuel, and Kasten (R-WI) (1992) 299 292 Charles BOOKS AUTHORED WEALTH The Way Forward: Renewing the $3,032,076-$10,380,000 in 2013 293 American Idea (2014)

36 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights EARLY YEARS Prior to his career in politics, Paul Ryan held a variety of summer jobs, including driving the Weinermobile for Oscar Meyer, waiting tables at Tortilla Coast in Washington, D.C., and serving as a camp counselor.300 he briefly worked at a family-owned construction business, RYAN, Inc., as a “marketing consultant,” which he used to boost his resume ahead of his first run for Congress.301 RYAN, Inc. has been the subject of some trou-

RYAN, Inc. has been the subject of some troubles for the congressman, as the company’s record of accepting more than $25 million in government subsidies since 1995 undercuts Ryan’s anti- government economic message.302

bles for the congressman, as the company’s record of accepting more than $25 million in government subsidies since 1995 undercuts Ryan’s anti-government economic message.302 POLITICAL CAREER Ryan’s political career dates back decades to when he served as a Capi- tol hill intern and aide to then-Senator Bob Kasten of Wisconsin at age 20.303 Ryan went on to work as an assistant at the conservative empower America, where he wrote speeches for Jack Kemp and Bill Ben- nett.304 In 1995, Ryan became the legislative director for Republican Sena- tor , a job he held for three years.305 In 1998, at 28 years old, Ryan returned to Wisconsin to launch his first congressional run; he has held his southeastern Wisconsin seat in Congress ever since.306

SOME OF RYAN’S C-SPAN APPEARANCES EARLY IN HIS CAREER.

PAuL RYAN 37 WOMEN’S HEALTH Ryan has an extremely conservative record on women’s health. he was a cosponsor of a personhood bill that would jeopardize access to common forms of birth control and likely make in-vitro fertilization illegal.307 308 Ryan opposes abortion exceptions in the case of rape or incest.309 he also joined noted anti-woman politician and 2012 Missouri Senate candidate Todd Akin310 in cosponsoring legislation that sought to redefine rape as “forcible rape,” though he claimed that term was simply “stock language” that he did not author.311 Ryan has criticized the Supreme Court for its Roe v. Wade ruling, comparing it to the infamous Dred Scott case that de- clared slaves were not citizens deserving of rights because they did not “qualify” as human beings.312 POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY In a 2010 video, Ryan asserted that 60 percent of Americans receive more funding from the government than they pay in taxes, thus making them “takers” as opposed to “makers.” 313 Ryan acknowledged that this phrase became part of his regular vocabulary.314 Prior to being named Mitt Romney’s running mate in 2012, Ryan had wholeheartedly embraced author ’s controversial anti-working class philosophy, proclaiming in 2005, “The reason I got involved in public

“ The reason I got involved in public service, by and large, if I had to credit one thinker, one person, it would be Ayn Rand. And the fight we are in here, make no mistake about it, is a fight of individualism versus collectivism.” PAUL RYAN 2005 315

service, by and large, if I had to credit one thinker, one person, it would be Ayn Rand. And the fight we are in here, make no mistake about it, is a fight of individualism versus collectivism.” 315 After joining Romney’s 2012 ticket, however, Ryan outright rejected Rand’s philosophy, spending most of August 2012 “downplaying any ide- ological bond with Rand.” 316 Similarly, Ryan rethought his use of “makers and takers,” eventually dropping the language after a backlash against his pejorative phrasing.317

38 2016 SCOUTING REPORT RYAN AND ROMNEY CAMPAIGN IN IN OCTOBER 2012. PHOTO CREDIT: ALVIN TRUSTY.

ROMNEY-RYAN TICKET In August 2012, Mitt Romney named Paul Ryan as his vice presidential running mate. The Republican ticket lost that November with 332 elec- toral votes going to Obama-Biden and just 206 to Romney-Ryan.318 In the aftermath, Ryan quickly blamed the loss on : “The surprise was some of the turnout, some of the turnout especially in urban areas, which gave President Obama the big margin to win this race.” 319 Ryan failed to mention that his controversial budget represented a “signifi cant risk” for Romney and was a distraction for the ticket and for down-ballot Republicans.320 Despite his failure to claim the vice presidency, Ryan won reelection to his congressional seat in Wisconsin that year.321 Career Statistics 322

Election State Offi ce Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2014* Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $7,442,787 63.3% (182,118 votes) Rob Zerban (D) $666,734 36.67% (105,465 votes)

2012 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $4,994,668 54.9% (200,423 votes) Rob Zerban (D) $2,265,721 43.39% (158,414 votes) Keith Deschler (I) $0 1.66% (6,054 votes)

2010 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $3,922,760 68.21% (179,819 votes) John heckenlively (D) $12,066 30.1% (79,363 votes) Joseph Kexel (L) $0 1.64% (4,311 votes)

2008 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $1,653,204 63.97% (231,009 votes) Margaret Krupp (D) $152,314 34.69% (125,268 votes) Joseph Kexel (L) $0 1.28% (4,606 votes)

2006 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $1,462,674 62.63% (161,320 votes) Jeff rey C. Thomas (D) $1,687 37.17% (95,761 votes)

2004 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $1,374,025 65.37% (233,372 votes) Norman Richard Aulabaugh (I) $29,075 1.19% (4,252 votes) Jeff rey C. Thomas (D) $5,605 32.57% (116,250 votes) Don Bernau (L) $0 0.82% (2,936 votes)

2002 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $1,551,552 67.19% (140,176 votes) Jeff rey C. Thomas (D) $40,585 30.63% (63,895 votes)

2000 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $1,343,419 66.57% (177,612 votes) Jeff rey C. Thomas (D) $13,3116 33.32% (88,885 votes)

1998 Wisconsin u.S. house Paul Ryan (R) $1,267,661 57.12% (108,475 votes) Lydia Spottswood (D) $1,344,207 42.73% (81,164 votes)

* Represents reported 2014 election numbers; fi nal results and campaign fi nance reports were not available at the time of printing.

PAuL RYAN 39 Leadership PAC 323

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Prosperity Action $2,245,269

2012 Prosperity PAC $4,864,664

2010 Prosperity PAC $1,080,508

2008 Prosperity PAC $311,537

2006 Prosperity PAC $427,274

2004 Prosperity PAC $135,635

2002 Prosperity PAC $24,250

Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in cases of rape or incest ...... YES 324 Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 325 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 326 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 327 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 328 Opposes the DREAM Act ...... YES 329 What To Watch • how will Ryan handle the legacy of the failed Romney-Ryan 2012 ticket, including Romney’s now infamous 47% remark that stands in similarity to Ryan’s “makers” versus “takers” rhetoric? • Will Ryan give up his chairmanship of the house Ways and Means Committee to concentrate on a presidential run?

40 2016 SCOUTING REPORT In Focus Paul Ryan’s Draconian Budgets Over Time

As chairman of the House Budget Committee, Paul Ryan has crafted annual budgets that have drawn wide- spread support from Republicans and opposition from Democrats for his proposals on tax cuts, spending reductions, and changes to federal programs. Below is a synopsis of how Ryan’s budgets – and the plans he proposed when he was ranking member of the committee – would have impacted various government programs. SPENDING Ryan’s 2011 budget330 proposed returning non-defense discretionary government spending to below 2008 levels and placed it on a long-term downward that would all but eliminate everything except defense, health care, and Social Security by 2050.331 After 2011, he sought to cut non-defense discretionary spending

PAuL RYAN 41 well below the amount allowed by the sequester. In 2012, Ryan sought an $830 billion cut over 10 years;332 in 2013, he sought a $700 billion cut over 10 years;333 and in 2014, he sought a $791 billion cut over 10 years.334

DODD-FRANK FINANCIAL REFORM While all of Ryan’s budget plans would repeal Title II of the Dodd-Frank financial reform law, which gave the Federal Deposit Insurance Corpora- tion the power to take over and shut down a failing financial firm, Ryan’s 2012335 and 2013336 budget plans included broader language that prom- ised a larger review of the law. In 2014, that broader language disap- peared, but the plan did include a proposal to eliminate the Dodd-Frank- created Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s source of dedicated funding,337 which would render the agency toothless. MEDICARE As has been extensively reported, the Ryan plans would make drastic changes to Medicare, fundamentally changing it from a government guarantee of coverage for the elderly into a premium-support plan where the federal government would provide up to a fixed amount to pay the premiums for one of several private insurance options. In 2011, described Ryan’s plan as one that “would essentially end Medicare,” 338 which now pays most of the health care bills for 48 million elderly and disabled Americans.

In 2011, the Wall Street Journal described Ryan’s plan as one that “would essentially end Medicare,” 338 which now pays most of the health care bills for 48 million elderly and disabled Americans.

In 2012 and beyond, Ryan added the option for seniors to choose a gov- ernment-run plan structured like traditional Medicare instead of a pri- vate plan, but still support to paying a fixed amount toward the cost of premiums for that plan, rather than the guarantee of coverage that exists under the current Medicare system. All of Ryan’s budgets have proposed raising the Medicare eligibility age from 65 to 67. MEDICAID In his 2010 plan, Ryan proposed providing most Medicaid recipients with what would amount to an $11,000 voucher to purchase private health insurance, and increasing each state’s share of Medicaid costs.339 The tra- ditional Medicaid program would remain in place for both the disabled and long-term care populations, but funds for this part of the program

42 2016 SCOUTING REPORT would be provided as a block grant rather than an open-ended match. Ryan’s plans for 2011 and after proposed transforming the entire Medic- aid program into block grants to states. SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (SNAP) In his 2011 and later plans, Ryan proposed adding time limits and work requirements to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, com- monly known as food stamps, and eventually converting the program into a block grant. Ryan’s 2014 budget similarly proposed converting SNAP into a block grant, but added specific changes proposed by house Republicans during the 2013 Farm Bill debate, including one proposal that would allow states to impose additional work requirements, and an- other to eliminate state high-unemployment waivers. SOCIAL SECURITY In 2009, Ryan’s plan proposed cuts to initial Social Security benefits for higher-income workers.340 The cuts would take effect only if the program was not actuarially sound for the following 5 years. In 2010, Ryan pro- posed partially privatizing Social Security by allowing those under the age of 55 to divert a “significant portion” of their payroll taxes into private ac- counts. At the same time, initial Social Security benefit amounts for those under 55 would be reduced, with greater reductions for higher income individuals. Ryan also proposed increasing the Social Security retirement age to 70. In his 2011 and subsequent plans, Ryan refrained from pro- posing any specific changes to Social Security. STUDENT LOANS Ryan’s 2011 budget plan proposed reducing Pell Grants to their pre- 2009-stimulus level of $4,731.341 his subsequent budget plans all pro- posed freezing the maximum grant amount at its then-current level for 10 years ($5,500 in 2012, indexed for inflation for five years), restricting eligibility and access to the program, and making all funding for the Pell Grant program discretionary. According to one estimate, his 2012 plan would have rendered one mil- lion students ineligible to receive Pell Grants over the next 10 years.342 In addition, his 2012 and 2014 plans both proposed denying Pell Grants to

According to one estimate, Ryan’s 2012 plan would have rendered one million students ineligible to receive Pell Grants over the next 10 years.342

PAuL RYAN 43 students attending school less than half-time, thus hurting students who cannot aff ord to attend college full-time. INCOME TAXES Ryan’s 2007 and 2008 budgets proposed making all of the 2001 and 2003 Bush tax cuts permanent. In 2009 and 2010, Ryan proposed allowing tax- payers to choose between the current tax system (including the Bush tax cuts) and a simplifi ed system. The new system would have two tax brackets of 10 percent and 25 percent, and allow almost no tax deduc- tions, except a standard deduction and a personal exemption.

In 2011 and 2012, Ryan eliminated the choice of systems, proposing to re- place the current individ- ual income tax brackets with a 10 percent bracket and a 25 percent bracket. This was coupled with eliminations or reductions of unspecifi ed tax exemp- RYAN AND PRES. GEORGE W. BUSH AT A 2004 CAM- tions, deductions, and PAIGN EVENT. PHOTO CREDIT: JANESVILLE GAZETTE. credits.

In 2013 and 2014, Ryan’s tax plans became less concrete, stating that there should be comprehensive tax reform, that it should consolidate the number of tax brackets down to two, and that it should have “a goal” of reducing the top individual tax rate to 25 percent.343 CORPORATE TAXES With the exception of 2010, Ryan’s 2009 and later budget plans all called for reducing the top corporate income tax rate to 25 percent. In 2009, this reduction was paired with an assumption that the rate reduction would be coupled with changes in tax deductions and credits, specifi cally mentioning a repeal of the domestic production activities tax deduction.

Similarly, Ryan’s 2011 and 2012 plans coupled the corporate rate reduc- tion with a proposal to eliminate or reduce unspecifi ed de- ductions and credits. As with his individual tax proposals, his 2013 and 2014 plans called for comprehensive tax reform, and both included the goal of reducing the top corporate income tax rate to 25 percent. Ryan’s 2010 plan proposed eliminating the corporate income tax entirely, and replacing it with a quarterly business consumption tax of 8.5 percent on a business’s total sales minus its total purchases that quarter.344

44 2016 SCOuTING RePORT RICK PERRY Rick Perry became the 47th gover- nor of Texas in 2000 when George W. Bush resigned upon being named the winner of the presidential election. He is best known for his failed 2012 bid for the Republican presidential nomina- tion. Perry is also known for his false claim that Texas’s economy is stronger than the country’s economy, which he calls the “Texas miracle.”

PHOTO CREDIT: SPENCER SELVIDGE

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER James Richard “Rick” Perry Candidate, President of the BORN united States of America (2012) Governor, State of Texas (2000- March 4, 1950, 2015) 350 Paint Creek, TX 345 Lieutenant Governor, State of HOMETOWN Texas (1999-2000) 351 Austin, TX 346 Commissioner of Agriculture, 352 EDUCATION State of Texas (1991-1998) Texas State house of Bachelor of Science, Texas A&M Member, Representatives, District 64 (1985- (1972) 347 348 1990) 353 FAMILY BOOKS AUTHORED Wife: ; Fed Up! Our Fight to Save America Children: Griffi n and Sydney349 from Washington (2010) WEALTH On My Honor: Why the American Disclosure not required under Values of the Boy Scouts Are Worth Texas law Fighting For (2008)

RICK PeRRY 45 THEN-DEMOCRATIC REP. RICK PERRY SPEAKS IN FRONT OF THE TEXAS HOUSE IN 1987. PHO- TO CREDIT: TEXAS STATE LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES COMMISSION, VIA .

Career Highlights DEMOCRATIC BEGINNINGS Perry has been described as someone who “breathes politics,” 354 but that was not always the case. In 1984, Perry was working as a rancher in Paint Creek, Texas, when an old friend called him and recruited him to run for an open state house seat as a Democat.355 According to the Texas Tribune, Perry easily won that election and “quickly became known as a rising star in the Texas house.” 356 While serving in the state house, Perry “cast some votes and took a few stands that seem to be at odds with the fi scal he cham- pions today,” such as voting in 1987 to raise taxes by $5.7 billion – the largest tax increase ever passed in the state of Texas.357 he also voted to triple his salary as a state representative in 1989, though Texans ulti- mately rejected the raise in a statewide referendum.358 Perry was a major supporter of the 1988 presidential campaign of the man who would play a role in his eventual rise to governor – then-Senator Al Gore.359 Press coverage of Perry’s early political years focused primarily on his ambition.360 In 1985, Perry told a local paper he was “disappointed” in then-Rep. Kent hance’s decision to switch parties and become a Repub- lican,361 yet in 1989, after receiving guidance from Republican strategist ,362 Perry switched parties himself in order to run against the Democratic incumbent Texas agricultural commissioner.363

46 2016 SCOuTING RePORT YOUNGEVITY During Perry’s 1994 reelection campaign for agricultural commissioner, he endorsed an antioxidant vitamin supplement called Youngevity, ap- pearing in promotional materials and telling the Austin American-States- man that he let then-candidate for governor George W. Bush and Bush’s staff know about the product and told them that “they all need to be on Youngevity products.” 364 Perry was friends with Youngevity founder Craig Kneeland and the two shared “a deep Christian faith and a love for health and fitness.” 365 RISE TO GOVERNOR In 1998, Perry decided to run for Texas lieutenant governor, receiving significant assistance from then-Governor George W. Bush’s top strate- gist, Karl Rove.366 After Perry won, however, it became clear that Texas’s top two executives did not get along; Perry did not agree with Bush’s “compassionate conservative” politics and preferred greater political par- tisanship.367

Texas’s top two executives did not get along; Perry did not agree with Bush’s “compassionate conservative” politics and preferred greater political partisanship.367

When the Supreme Court halted the 2000 presidential election recount in Florida (where Bush’s brother, Jeb, was governor), Bush became the president-elect and resigned his post as , thus elevat- ing Perry to the state’s highest office.368 upon Bush’s resignation, Perry quickly ushered the out of the governor’s living quarters so his family could take their place.369 THE TEXAS “MIRACLE” Perry has claimed that Texas has a stronger economy than the rest of the country, touting his “Texas Miracle” of above-average job creation.370 As the Observer reported in 2011, however, “Rick Perry’s Texas is a job-making, low-taxing oasis of prosperity. It’s also pure fantasy.” 371 The paper continued, “Perry’s narrative is attractive from afar but crumbling on close inspection.... The Texas economy isn’t stronger than - al economy, and it may be fundamentally weaker. Poverty is increasing much faster in the state than it is across the country. Despite Perry’s chief campaign message – that thanks to him, Texans have damn near too many jobs to go around – unemployment in the state isn’t bucking any trends. In fact, it’s at an all-time high.” 372

RICK PeRRY 47 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FUNDS More than one-third of all companies that received economic devel- opment money through Perry’s Texas enterprise Fund contributed to the Republican Governors Association (RGA) or directly to Perry’s cam- paign.373 In total, these companies have donated $2.2 million to Perry and the RGA and received $174.2 million from the enterprise Fund.374 Ten days before Perry’s 2006 reelection, the RGA sent Perry $1 million. As the Texas Observer speculated, “It’s difficult to know what the Republican Governors Association did with the millions it received from Texas enter- prise Fund companies. Some of that cash may have circled back to Rick Perry.” 375 As the New York Times reported, “Over three terms in office, Mr. Perry’s administration has doled out grants, tax breaks, contracts, and appointments to hundreds of his most generous supporters and their businesses,” 376 extending beyond the appearance of impropriety by just the Texas enterprise Fund. 2012 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN In the 2012 cycle, Rick Perry unsuccessfully attempted to become the fourth u.S. president from Texas. his candidacy was dogged early on by the fact that his family hunting camp was named after a racial slur, and that the name in question was still used during at least part of Perry’s tenure as governor.377 his major failure, however, came during a Republican primary debate on November 9, 2011, when Perry was unable to name three departments of the government that he wanted to eliminate, leading to his infamous “oops” moment.378 CBS News summarized the fallout by writing, “Rick Perry provided a YouTube moment that will be talked about for years,” and that, “with one brain freeze, Perry seriously damaged his fundrais- ing ability, prompted a coming flood of ‘Is Rick Perry finished’ stories and simply embarrassed himself in front of a national audience.” 379 Perry’s campaign was weakened beyond repair and in January 2012, he dropped out of the presidential race and endorsed two days before the primary.380

LEFT: RICK PERRY HAS HIS INFAMOUS “OOPS” MOMENT DURING A NOVEMBER 2011 CNBC DEBATE. RIGHT: ACTOR BILL HADER MOCKING PERRY IN A SUBSEQUENT SNL SKIT.

48 2016 SCOUTING REPORT TRAVIS COUNTY INDICTMENT In August 2014, Perry was indicted on abuse-of-power charges by a Travis County, Texas, grand jury and charged with two counts of abuse of of- fi cial capacity and coercion of a public servant.381 The charges resulted from Perry’s threat to veto funding for a statewide public integrity unit run by Travis County District Attorney Rose- mary Lehmberg unless she stepped down from her position.382 CNN reported that “the indictment al- leges that the circumstances around PERRY’S MUGSHOT, AUGUST 2014. Perry’s veto threat amounted to a mis- use of state money earmarked by the Legislature to fund the public in- tegrity unit in Travis County run by Lehmberg.” 383 Perry wanted Lehm- berg to resign following her arrest for drunk driving but she refused.384 Two other Texas county district attorneys were also arrested for drunk driving during Perry’s tenure as governor, but Perry did not push for their resignations.385 As the Texas Tribune reported, Perry’s detractors pointed to the integrity unit’s work as a motive for Perry’s actions – the unit was investigating one of Perry’s signature accomplishments, the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, for confl icts of interest and other off enses.386 Another theory as to why Perry attacked the public integrity unit involves the unit’s investigation of Wallace hall, whom Perry appointed to the university of Texas System Board of Regents in 2011.387 hall, who was described by the express-News as “Gov. Rick Perry’s errand boy,” 388 has embarked on a quest to fi nd any evidence of wrongdoing by the university of Texas’s administration to support the ousting of university of Texas at Austin President Bill Powers. The San Antonio ex- press-News editorialized that “the governor seems content to let hall run amok, regardless of the cost.” 389 Texas Monthly called Wallace “a one- man wrecking crew in his attempt to bring down” Powers.390 hall was cen- sured by a Texas legislative panel and could face .391 In April 2014, the legislative committee’s “summary report chronicling hall’s pos- sible criminal violations” was referred to prosecutors in Travis County.392 As reported by , “Special prosecutor Michael Mc- Crum of San Antonio said he felt confi dent in the case against Perry and was ‘ready to go forward.’” 393 In August 2014, Perry voluntarily appeared at the Travis County Court to be fi ngerprinted and have his mug shot taken.394 The indictment did not aff ect his ability to serve as governor.395

RICK PeRRY 49 PROBLEMS WITH THE BASE Perry has several problems with right wing of the Republican Party that could make another run for the White house difficult. One of the greatest potential problems is his early support for then-First Lady hillary Rod- ham Clinton’s health care reform effort. In 1993, while he was serving as the Texas agriculture commissioner and commentators were already describing the plan as “socialism,” Perry wrote a letter to the then-First Lady that described her effort as “most commendable” and “worthy.” 396

“ Mrs. Clinton: I think your efforts in trying to reform the nation’s health care system are most commendable.” RICK PERRY, in a 1993 letter (pictured at left) to then- First Lady praising her health care plan 396

Perry has also supported providing in-state tuition for undocumented immigrants.397 Mitt Romney attacked Perry for this stance during the 2012 primary.398 Perry also made a controversial decision in 2007 to be the first governor in the country to sign an executive order requiring teenage girls to get the hPV vaccine, which “stunned” religious conservatives in Texas, as they believe the vaccine encourages promiscuity.399 Perry later backtracked on this decision.400

50 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Career Statistics 401

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2012 Republican Presidential Rick Perry (R) $19,991,081 N/A (lost in primary) Primary

2010 Texas Governor Rick Perry (R) $49,475,669 54.97% (2,737,481 votes) Bill White (D) $26,291,535 42.29% (2,106,395 votes)

2006 Texas Governor Rick Perry (R) $30,499,298 39.02% (1,716,792 votes) Carole K Strayhorn (I) $9,084,635 18.11% (796,851 votes) (D) $7,359,018 29.78% (1,310,337 votes) Richard Friedman (I) $6,288,113 12.44% (547,674 votes)

2002 Texas Governor Rick Perry (R) $24,731,236 57.80% (2,632,591 votes) Tony Sanchez (D) $66,262,297 39.96% (1,819,798 votes)

1998 Texas Lieutenant Governor Rick Perry (R) $12,385,439 50.04% (1,858,837 votes) John Sharp (D) $7,864,085 48.19% (1,790,106 votes)

1994 Texas State Agriculture Rick Perry (R) * 61.92% (2,546,287 votes) Commissioner Marvin Gregory (D) 35.98% (1,479,692 votes)

1990 Texas State Agriculture Rick Perry (R) * 49% (won) Commissioner (D) N/A (lost)

1988 Texas State house of Rick Perry (D) * N/A (won) Representatives

1986 Texas State house of Rick Perry (D) * N/A (won) Representatives

1984 Texas State house of Rick Perry (D) * N/A (won) Representatives

* Records no longer exist. Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in cases of rape or incest ...... YES 402 Opposes marriage equality ...... YES 403 Opposes universal background checks for guns . . . . YES 404 Supports repealing the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 405 Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 406 Called Social Security a Ponzi scheme ...... YES 407 Supports personhood legislation ...... YES 408

What To Watch • Will Perry be able to overcome a criminal indictment and the embarrassment from his last campaign to mount a serious run for president? • What three federal agencies would Perry propose eliminat- ing?

RICK PeRRY 51 MARCO RUBIO Marco Rubio, the junior U.S. Senator from Florida, captivated the conservative world during his 2010 campaign for Sen- ate, quickly becoming a darling of the Tea Party and hailed by many as the next generation of Republican leadership. Rubio is often criticized, however, by members of his own party for his habit of changing policy positions when it is politically con- venient, and he caused signifi cant damage to himself within the party with his fl ip-fl op on im- migration reform.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Marco Antonio Rubio Member, u.S. Senate, Florida 415 BORN (2011-Present) May 28, 1971, Various Positions, Florida Interna- Miami, FL 409 tional university (2008-Present) 416 HOMETOWN President, Marco Rubio P.A. (2008- 417 West Miami, FL 410 2011) EDUCATION President, Rubio Consulting (2008- 2011) 418 Bachelor of Science, university of Consultant, Florida Strategic Consult- Florida (1993) 411 ing (2009, 2012) 419 Juris Doctor, university of Miami Member, Florida State house of Rep- (1996) 412 resentatives (2000-2008) 420 FAMILY Commissioner, West Miami City Wife: Jeanette C. Dousdebes-Rubio; (1998-2000) 421 Children: Amanda, Daniella, 413 BOOKS AUTHORED Anthony, and Dominic An American Son: A Memoir (2012) WEALTH 100 Innovative Ideas for Florida’s $307,018-$930,000 in 2013 414 Future (2006)

52 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights EDUCATION Rubio’s college career began with a stint at Tarkio College, a Presbyterian college in Missouri, where he accepted a foot- ball scholarship.422 his time at Tarkio was short: he transferred after his freshman year423 amid rumors of signifi cant fi nan- cial issues with the college.424 Rubio later wrote that his decision to transfer was a diffi cult one,425 and he ultimately de- cided to pursue a degree from a fi nan- RUBIO IN HIS HIGH SCHOOL FOOT- BALL UNIFORM, CIRCA 1989. cially-solvent institution over his desire to continue playing collegiate football.426 Tarkio closed shortly after Rubio’s departure, mired in fi nancial issues that included the awarding of federal loans and grants to ineligible stu- dents.427 Rubio wrote that after his transfer from Tarkio, he used loans to fi nance his education at community college, the , and the university of Miami’s law school, graduating with more than $100,000 in student loan debt.428 EARLY POLITICAL CAREER In his fi nal year of law school, Rubio secured a job on ’s pres- idential campaign, where he was hired by the head of the campaign’s Florida operation for his youthful optimism.429 Rubio’s connections from the Dole campaign propelled him to his fi rst elected offi ce as a member of the West Miami City Commission430 – a win for which he was congratu- lated on election night by then-Governor .431

RUBIO WORKING ON BOB DOLE’S CAMPAIGN IN 1996.

MARCO RuBIO 53 After serving two years of his four-year commission term, Rubio was elect- ed as a state representative.432 According to a former colleague, Rubio’s sights were immediately focused on attaining leadership positions.433 he fulfilled his goal of leading the state house with a rapid rise through the ranks, holding the positions of majority whip and majority leader before beginning his campaign for speaker in 2003, just three years after joining the legislature.434 SPEAKER OF THE FLORIDA HOUSE Rubio was sworn in as speaker of the Florida house in 2006435 after a long and contentious campaign for the position.436 As speaker, Rubio pushed proposals to eliminate property taxes on primary residences and increase the state’s by 2.5%.437 The plan drew criticism from Ru- bio’s fellow Florida Republicans as a major tax increase and was panned by Democrats as a highly regressive blow to the poor.438 Rubio pushed the bill through the house, but it died shortly after.439 The measure served to bolster Rubio’s national prominence, drawing praise from national con- servatives, including Newt Gingrich and .440

One of the most nagging controversies from Rubio’s tenure as speaker stemmed from his decision to spend $2.5 million on renovations to his office and expanding his roster of staffers.441

One of the most nagging controversies from Rubio’s tenure as speaker stemmed from his decision to spend $2.5 million on renovations to his office and expanding his roster of staffers.441 This sum, more than $2 million higher than his predecessor spent,442 included staff salaries char- acterized as unusually high. Rubio’s chief of staff was hired with about three years of legislative experience and was paid more than his coun- terpart in the state senate who had more than 30 years of experience.443 Rubio’s spending also funded the construction of a members-only din- ing room for state legislators.444 The construction drew significant criti- cism because a members-only facility was in contradiction to Florida’s sunshine laws encouraging legislative business to be conducted trans- parently and in the open.445 Rubio faced a litany of questions about the spending, and during one round of questioning responded by saying, “[The media are] treating me like O.J. or something.” 446 PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARIES During the 2008 presidential primaries, Rubio pushed a plan to move Florida’s primary up to immediately follow New hampshire’s first-in-the-

54 2016 SCOUTING REPORT RUBIO’S PARENTS, ORIALES AND MARIO RUBIO, APPLIED FOR VISAS AND CAME TO THE U.S. IN 1956. RUBIO HAS BEEN ACCUSED OF EMBELLISHING THEIR STORY FOR POLITICAL GAIN.

nation primary.447 Rubio expressed discontent with the early positions of the New hampshire primary and , stating that “for de- cades, small states like Iowa and New hampshire have hosted the make- it-or-break-it votes in January.” 448 he claimed that Florida’s status as a general election swing state should aff ord it the privilege of a very early primary.449 In his 2006 book, he wrote, “Currently, a small, non-diverse group of citizens (the voters of Iowa and New hampshire) have a dispro- portionate impact on the nomination of presidential candidates.” 450 Rubio’s plan was met with criticism far and wide, including a local edito- rial that highlighted the wide discontent over Florida’s role in deciding the 2000 presidential election that read, “Just what the nation is demanding – that a Florida election play a bigger role in who gets to be president.” 451 On January 11, 2012, the Republican National Committee voted to punish Florida’s Republican delegates at the Republican National Convention in Tampa later that year because of the decision fostered by Rubio to move up Florida’s primary.452 FAMILY’S DEPARTURE FROM Rubio faced signifi cant criticism for the manner in which he has charac- terized his parents’ and grandparents’ emigration from Cuba.453 his offi - cial Senate claimed that his family left Cuba after Fidel Castro’s takeover of the country, which occurred on New Year’s Day in 1959.454 he also made this claim on local Florida television455 and .456

MARCO RuBIO 55 The Washington Post wrote that Rubio’s story “embellishes facts.” 457 Ru- bio’s family actually arrived in the united States in 1956458 – three years before Castro’s takeover – on a visa that explicitly stated their intent to emigrate from Cuba to the u.S. permanently.459 The Rubios signed an af- fidavit to this effect when applying for their immigration visas.460

RUBIO’S FATHER, MARIO RUBIO, APPLIED FOR AN IMMIGRATION VISA IN 1956, THREE YEARS BEFORE FIDEL CASTRO CAME TO POWER. PHOTO CREDIT: .

IMMIGRATION POLICY While running for Senate in 2010, Rubio called a plan crafted by Senators John McCain and Ted “amnesty.” 461 early in his Senate career, however, Rubio made a name for himself within the GOP as a leader on immigration reform, helping to craft a comprehensive immigration re- form package462 that had “very little difference” from the original McCain- Kennedy plan that Rubio criticized.463 upon meeting harsh conservative criticism, Rubio changed his position on immigration, including on the bill he helped write.464 The Washington Post wrote about his about-face on immigration policy, saying that Rubio had become “sterner” and “snarkier” when met with questions about his past support for immigration reform.465 Rubio’s allegiance with the conservative base was strained by his early

56 2016 SCOUTING REPORT RUBIO’S SUPPORT FOR THE SENATE IMMIGRATION REFORM BILL EARNED BLOWBACK FROM RIGHT-WING GROUPS. PHOTO CREDIT: NEW TIMES BROWARD PALM BEACH.

immigration positions, which were out of line with the Tea Party. This is seen by many as the reason for his flip-flop on immigration, and is evidenced by former senator and current heritage Foundation President Jim DeMint’s statement that Rubio has been “politically damaged” by his early positions.466 suggested that “immigration could spoil Rubio’s presidential chances,” 467 and Breitbart wrote that “Rubio’s burned bridges” extend beyond Washington to important Re- publican Party figures.468 In addition, Tea Party Iowa Congressman said, “Rubio seems to be so damaged it will be very difficult for him to recover here in Iowa,” 469 and reported that Rubio’s immigra- tion problem has Republicans looking for other candidates in 2016.470 Immigration reform advocates have also criticized Rubio, expressing their disappointment in his flip-flop and their fear that his attempt to appeal to conservatives in pursuit of the presidency could prevent comprehensive immigration policy from moving forward indefinitely.471

Career Statistics 472

Election State Office Candidates Total Final Vote Count Raised

2010 Florida u.S. Senate Marco Rubio (R) $21,741,330 49% (2,615,262 votes) (I) $13,680,424 30% (1,588,821 votes) (D) $8,860,405 20% (1,076,028 votes)

2006 Florida State house of Marco Rubio (R) $234,374 99.94% (17,749 votes) Representatives Brenda hernandez (write-in $0 0.0006% (10 votes) candidate)

2004 Florida State house of Marco Rubio (R) $287,534 66.32% (26,496 votes) Representatives Laura Leyva (D) $18,322 33.68% (13,456 votes)

2002 Florida State house of Marco Rubio (R) $76,554 Won (uncontested) Representatives

2000 Florida State house of Marco Rubio (R) $21,500 Won (uncontested) Representatives

MARCO RuBIO 57 Leadership PAC 473

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Reclaim America PAC $3,196,120

2012 Reclaim America PAC $1,861,305

Issues At A Glance Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 474 Supports personhood legislation ...... YES 475 Opposes universal background checks on guns . . . . . YES 476 Opposes same-sex marriage ...... YES 477 Supports Medicare vouchers ...... YES 478 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 479 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 480 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 481 Opposes the Medicaid expansion ...... YES 482 Supported 2013 government shutdown ...... YES 483 What To Watch • has Rubio’s support for the Senate immigration reform bill killed his chances with the Republican base? • Will Rubio support impeaching the president to help restore his standing with GOP primary voters?

58 2016 SCOUTING REPORT In Focus Rubio’s Financial Troubles and Scandals

Marco Rubio’s time as speaker of the state house resulted in several fi nancial scandals and accusations that he mismanaged taxpayer money. In addition to the criticism he received for his lavish spending on staff salaries, offi ce renovations, and building a members only dining room, Rubio has been embroiled in a num- ber of other ethical scandals in the past. CREDIT CARD SCANDAL: Rubio faced criticism regarding his use of the Republi- can Party of Florida’s credit card during his tenure as house speaker. Between 2006 and 2008, he charged more than $100,000 on the party’s credit card, with many of the charges completely unrelated to the party’s needs.484 In Rubio’s hands, the party’s card was used to charge more than $10,000 for his own family reunion.485 Rubio

MARCO RuBIO 59 blamed his travel agent for the mistake and said that he repaid the charge.486 Rubio also used the card to charge more than $4,000 to pay for flooring renovations in his own home.487 he claimed he repaid this charge as well, but he has dodged direct questions about the incident.488 Rubio also used the party credit card to pay for thousands of dollars of meals489 and car repairs,490 as well as a haircut costing $134.491 In addi- tion, Rubio faced criticism for double-billing the Republican Party of Flor- ida and Florida taxpayers for plane tickets costing nearly $3,000.492 he again blamed his travel agency, but defended not personally paying for his wife’s tickets, calling her the “first lady of the Florida house.” 493 Though he repeatedly claimed to reimburse the party for his personal expenses, PolitiFact has rated his claim that the charges on the party’s credit card were made with “my money” as “Mostly False.” 494 SHARED APARTMENT WITH DAVID RIVERA Rubio has faced another financial problem involving a Tallahassee prop- erty he owned with scandal-tainted Republican former Congressman David Rivera. In 2010, Rubio and Rivera were served with a foreclosure lawsuit due to delinquent payments on their mortgage.495 Rubio and Rivera were five months behind on their payments, totaling more than $9,500.496 The New York Times reported that Rubio and Rivera disputed the amount owed on their mortgage and stopped making payments dur- ing this period.497 Rubio dodged questions about how Rivera was able to pay for the mortgage, as Rivera was reported to lack employment prior to serving in the u.S. house of Representatives.498

Rubio’s close ties to Rivera, including living with him, raised questions 499 about his possible connections to Rivera’s various scandals.

Rubio’s close ties to Rivera, including living with him, raised questions499 about his possible connections to Rivera’s various scandals, including funding a fake candidate to run in a 2012 Democratic primary and violat- ing various state ethics laws.500 ILLEGAL CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS In 2012, Rubio was fined $8,000 by the Federal elections Commission for accepting more than $210,000 in illegal excessive or unreported do- nations from individuals and corporate PACs for his 2010 Senate cam- paign.501 Rubio was also fined earlier that year for “failing to disclose a number of campaign contributions made within 48 hours of the 2010 general election.” 502

60 2016 SCOUTING REPORT JOHN KASICH Ohio Governor John Kasich has been involved in politics since his early twenties. He served in Congress for 18 years, rising to the role of House Budget Committee Chairman dur- ing ’s presidency and chaired the committee during the 1996 govern- ment shutdown. He was elected as Ohio’s 69th governor in 2010 and reelected in 2014.

PHOTO CREDIT: NESTLE

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER John Richard Kasich Governor, State of Ohio (2011-Present) 508 Member, Various Corporate Boards (2008- BORN 2010) 509 May 13, 1952, Contributor/Host, Channel (2001- McKees Rocks, PA 503 2009) 510 Managing Director, (2001- HOMETOWN 2008) 511 504 Westerville, Oh Member, u.S. house of Representatives 512 EDUCATION (1983-2001) Member, Ohio State Senate (1979-1982) 513 Bachelor of Arts, Ohio State Administrative Assistant, Ohio State Sena- university, 1974 505 tor Donald Lukens (1975-1977) 514 FAMILY BOOKS AUTHORED Wife: Karen Waldbillig Kasich; Every Other Monday: Twenty Years of Life, Lunch, Children: emma and Reese 506 Faith, and Friendship (2010) Stand for Something: The Battle for America’s Soul WEALTH (2006) At least $47,000 in reported Courage is Contagious: Ordinary People Doing Ex- assets in 2013 507 traordinary Things to Change the Face of America (1998)

JOhN KASICh 61 EIGHTEEN-YEAR-OLD JOHN KASICH MEETS PRESIDENT IN DECEMBER 1970.

Career Highlights POLITICAL CAREER John Kasich’s work in politics dates back to 1975, when he worked as an aide to then-State Senator Donald Lukens in Middletown, Ohio. Three years later at age 26, Kasich won election to the Ohio State Senate. In 1982, he was elected to the united States house of Representatives, where he would serve for 18 years, before becoming governor of Ohio in 2011 after taking a 10-year hiatus from politics. Throughout his political rise, Kasich was frequently dubbed a “whiz kid,” writing his own conservative budgets and pushing steep spending cuts in both the Ohio State Senate and the u.S. house of Representatives.515 Ka- sich eventually rose to become chairman of the u.S. house Budget Com- mittee, where he helped manufacture the 1996 government shutdown, which he later called “one of the greatest moments of my career.” 516

Kasich become chairman of the House Budget Committee, where he helped manufacture the 1996 government shutdown, which he later called “one of the greatest moments of my career.” 516

62 2016 SCOuTING RePORT BALANCED BUDGET Kasich has been credited as the architect of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997,517 which was projected to balance the federal budget by 2002 and signed into law by President Clinton.518 PolitiFact found that, while running for governor in 2010, Kasich overstated the role his Balanced Budget Act played in the job creation and surplus generated in the late nineties.519 Both were largely a product of the booming economy, which began its positive trajectory long before the Balanced Budget Act was enacted.520 LEHMAN BROTHERS Kasich decided to run for president in the 2000 cycle instead of reelec- tion to Congress but his campaign was underfunded and he could not compete with George W. Bush.521 After leaving Congress, Kasich worked as a managing director for Lehman Brothers and served as the host of his own Fox News program.522 During his 2010 campaign for governor, it was revealed that Kasich used his infl uence with Ohio’s public pension funds to open doors for the sale of Lehman products.523 Kasich denied his infl uence resulted in the pen- sions’ purchases, which lost between $220 million and $480 million on subprime Lehman investments in 2008.524 That same year, Kasich earned nearly $1.4 million from his work at Lehman Brothers.525 PROBLEMS WITH THE BASE On , Kasich cast the deciding vote in the house to pass the 1994 assault weapons ban526 and touted his support for background checks at gun shows in 1999.527 Kasich later tried to backpedal from his record on the issue, saying at a Tea Party-sponsored event in 2009 that he was wrong to vote for the assault weapons ban.528 That was not enough for Kasich to earn the endorsement of the NRA, which spurned him in favor of Democrat in the 2010 Ohio gubernatorial election.529 Kasich has bucked the Republican Party line on the Aff ordable Care Act, embracing and defending Ohio’s acceptance of Medicaid expansion un- der the law,530 and stating that the ACA would not be repealed,531 only to once again have to walk back his moderate view on an issue.532 In fact, Kasich proposed his own health care legislation in 1994 that included an individual mandate as well as guaranteed coverage for pre-existing con- ditions.533 he has supported the Common Core education standards,534 maligned by many Republicans. even his work on the Balanced Budget Act has become fodder for attacks from the right, with the Wall Street Journal dubbing him “William Jeff erson Kasich” and demonizing the leg- islation for creating more fl exibility for spending increases than for tax cuts.535

JOhN KASICh 63 INVACARE During Kasich’s political hiatus, he sat on the board of a company called Invacare, a medical equipment manufacturer based in elyria, Ohio.536 The same year Kasich accepted a pay increase for sitting on the board, Inva- care outsourced hundreds of jobs to and .537 The following year, Invacare made $40 million in profits by cost-cutting, which included “expanded outsourcing.” 538 Invacare claimed it tried to help outsourced workers through the federal Trade Adjustment Assistance program539 – a program that Kasich’s 1995 budget proposal would have eliminated en- tirely.540 Kasich’s association with Invacare plagued him in his 2010 campaign and his Democratic opponent, Ted Strickland, ran ads about Invacare featur- ing the spouse of an employee whose job was shipped overseas by the company.541 JOBSOHIO While running for governor, Kasich promised to privatize the Ohio De- partment of Development, which he fulfilled by forming JobsOhio,542 a private non-profit entity responsible for incentivizing business growth in the state.543 JobsOhio was tasked with negotiating tax credits that the state awarded to businesses.544 Kasich’s JobsOhio board, however, was wrought with conflicts of interest. Kasich approved more than $600,000 in tax credits for subsidiaries of a company called Worthington Industries, where Kasich was a board mem- ber from 2001-2010.545 Moreover, Kasich collected deferred compensa- tion from Worthington Industries while his administration deliberated over awarding the tax credits to the company.546 Worthington Industries associates have contributed more than $110,000 to Kasich’s political campaigns throughout his career.547 JobsOhio’s political problems ran deeper than Worthington Industries. The board was made up of politically connected friends of Kasich’s, and their companies benefited from the very tax credits the development agency was established to direct. Two-thirds of JobsOhio board mem- bers were found to have “direct financial ties” to companies that received state assistance after Kasich became governor.548

Two-thirds of JobsOhio board members were found to have “direct financial ties” to companies that received state assistance after Kasich became governor.548

64 2016 SCOUTING REPORT COLLECTIVE BARGAINING After taking office in 2011, Kasich began a push for Senate Bill 5,de- signed to weaken the rights of working families and be “a centerpiece accomplishment” for Ohio Republicans.549 SB 5 represented “a sweeping overhaul of Ohio’s… collective-bargaining law” 550 that “was filled with re- strictions affecting state and local public employees, including teachers, firefighters, police and nurses.” 551 Kasich signed SB 5 into law on March 31, 2011.552 Kasich and SB 5 faced significant opposition, beginning with protests by thousands of people at the Ohio state house and leading to the collection of 915,000 signatures to put a referendum on SB 5 on the ballot.553 Lead- ing up to the vote, polls showed that even 32% of Republicans opposed SB 5.554 On election Day in 2011, “Democrats, Republicans and Indepen- dents” came together to defeat SB 5 “by overwhelming numbers.” 555 In fact, more people voted against the bill in 2011 than voted for Kasich in 2010.556 Kasich, who was the “lead spokesman” in favor of keeping SB 5,557 was labeled as the Republican Party’s “poster boy for conservative over- reach” by after the bill’s defeat.558 Career Statistics 559

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2014 Ohio Governor John Kasich (R) $17,655,522 63.85% (1,922,241 votes) edward FitzGerald (D) $4,496,386 32.85% (989,117 votes) Anita Rios (G) $1,210 3.03% (99,402 votes)

2010 Ohio Governor John Kasich (R) $18,323,036 49.04% (1,889,186 votes) Ted Strickland (D) $19,299,094 47.04% (1,812,059 votes) Ken Matesz (L) $9,728 2.39% (92,116 votes)

1998 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 67.17% (124,197 votes) edward Brown (D) N/A 32.83% (60,694 votes)

1996 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 63.88% (151,667 votes) Cynthia Ruccia (D) N/A 33.17% (78,762 votes) Barbara edelman (NL) N/A 2.95% (7,005 votes)

1994 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 66.50% (114,608 votes) Cynthia Ruccia (D) N/A 33.24% (57,294 votes)

1992 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 71.24% (170,297 votes) Bob Fitrakis (D) N/A 28.76% (68,761 votes)

1990 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 71.99% (130,495 votes) Mike Gelpi (D) N/A 28.01% (50,784 votes)

1988 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 80.14% (204,892 votes) Mark Brown (D) N/A 19.86% (50,782 votes)

1986 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 73.40% (117,905 votes) Timothy Jochim (D) N/A 26.60% (42,727 votes)

1984 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 69.54% (148,899 votes) Richard Sloan (D) N/A 30.46% (65,215 votes)

1982 Ohio u.S. house John Kasich (R) N/A 50.47% (88,335 votes) Bob Shamansky (D) N/A 47.28% (82,753 votes) Russell Lewis (L) N/A 2.25% (3,939 votes)

1978 Ohio State Senate John Kasich (R) N/A 56% (won) Robert O’Shaughnessy (D) N/A N/A (lost)

JOhN KASICh 65 Leadership PAC 560

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2010 New Century Project $0

2008 New Century Project $270

2006 New Century Project $65,418

2004 New Century Project $476,528

2002 New Century Project $877,423

2000 New Century Project $294,754

1998 Pioneer PAC $1,937,268

Issues At A Glance

Supports a 20-week abortion ban ...... YES 561 Opposes abortion in cases of rape and incest ...... YES 562 Supports curtailing public employee union collective bargaining rights . . . . . YES 563 Opposes marriage equality ...... YES 564 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES565

What To Watch • Can Kasich overcome his expansion of Medicaid under the Afford- able Care Act and having offeredhis own individual mandate legis- lation in a Republican primary? • Will Kasich stand by his position that human factors in climate change have to be considered, or will he join other Republicans in saying he’s “not a scientist” to appeal to the right-wing base? • how will Kasich explain his time at Lehman Brothers and association with other controversial businesses?

66 2016 SCOUTING REPORT NIKKI HALEY Nikki Haley was elected governor of South Carolina during the Tea Party wave in 2010. She is a Tea Party favorite and was reelect- ed in 2014 when she faced token opposition from her 2010 oppo- nent, Vincent Sheheen. She is the fi rst woman and the fi rst Indian- American to serve as governor of South Carolina.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Nimrata Nikki Randhawa haley Governor, State of South Carolina BORN (2011-Present) 570 January 20, 1972, Majority Whip, South Carolina State 566 Bamberg, SC house of Representatives (2006) 571 HOMETOWN Member, South Carolina State Lexington, SC 567 house of Representatives (2005- 572 EDUCATION 2010) exotica Bachelor of Science, Clemson Chief Financial Offi cer, International Incorporated (1994- university (1994) 568 2008) 573 FAMILY Accounting Supervisor, FCR Incor- husband: William Michael haley; porated (1994) 574 Children: Rena and Nalin 569 WEALTH BOOKS AUTHORED Disclosure not required under South Can’t Is Not an Option: My Ameri- Carolina law can Story (2012)

NIKKI hALeY 67 HIGH SCHOOL-AGED HALEY MEETS SEN. STROM THURMOND (R-SC) IN AN UNDATED PHOTO.

Career Highlights EARLY CAREER haley’s parents immigrated to the united States from and started a small business that eventually grew to become a successful multi-million dollar company. This success story was influential to haley’s life and po- litical outlook. She was deeply involved in the family business: she helped with the bookkeeping as early as age thirteen and eventually became the chief financial officer of the company.575 haley also worked as an account- ing supervisor for the FCR Corporation in Charlotte during this time.576 CAMPAIGN FOR STATE LEGISLATURE haley was first elected to the South Carolina state house in 2004 after a campaign marked by attacks on her Indian heritage and allegations that she had previously voted in Democratic primaries.577 During a vicious pri- mary battle, haley’s opponent distributed mailers deliberately using her maiden name, Randhawa, to invoke her ethnicity, among other racially- charged attacks.578 According to local news reports, haley’s campaign platform centered on upping “state aid for roads, schools and police in high-growth areas.” 579 She also campaigned on lowering property taxes.580 After defeating a 30- year incumbent in the Republican primary, haley faced no opposition in the general election.581

68 2016 SCOUTING REPORT LEXINGTON MEDICAL CENTER JOB In August 2008, midway through her time in the state house, haley was offered a position as a fundraiser for Lexington Medical Center, a hiring decision the hospital’s CeO attributed to her being “well known and liked in the community.” 582 The fundraising position was created by the hospi- tal just for haley, and paid her a salary of $110,000 a year583 – 63 percent higher than the highest-paying fundraiser positions at organizations of a similar size as Lexington Medical.584 The income represented a significant boost for haley and her husband, who earned a combined $65,704 during 2004, the year haley was first elected to the state house.585 At the time she filled out an employment application for Lexington, haley claimed her income was $125,000, which was more than five times the amount she reported on her taxes that year.586 The application noted that she expected to be compensated at a level equal to the income she reported in application.587 While simultaneously working as a fundraiser for Lexington Medical Cen- ter and serving in state house, haley raised money for the hospital from

While simultaneously working as a fundraiser for Lexington Medical Center and serving in state house, Haley raised money for the hospital from companies that had official business before the state.588

companies that had official business before the state.588 The line between haley’s public service and employment were seemingly blurred – for ex- ample, she raised significant funds from Blue Cross Blue Shield while also serving on the state’s insurance panel.589 haley parted ways with the hospital in April 2010 as she prepared to run for governor. While she described her departure as smooth, emails between haley and her former employer illustrate she left the position only after attorney-led negotiations that resulted in a $35,000 severance package and the promise that the hospital would not disparage her or question her integrity.590 haley’s employment with Lexington Medical would become an issue late in her 2010 gubernatorial campaign as well as the subject of an official ethics committee inquiry during her first term. TIES TO During her state house tenure, haley was a legislative ally of then-Gov- ernor Mark Sanford, earning praise from Sanford and leading many to call her the presumed “Sanford candidate” in the Republican primary.591

NIKKI hALeY 69 At the time, Sanford lauded haley as a “terrifi c and inspir- ing choice” for governor.592 After details of Sanford’s af- fair emerged, haley attempt- ed to distance herself from the disgraced governor, in- cluding removing photos of HALEY AND GOV. MARK SANFORD. him from her campaign web- site.593 Sanford’s wife, Jenny, endorsed haley and praised her in a letter as being “principled, conser- vative, tough and smart.” 594 2010 GUBERNATORIAL CAMPAIGN In May 2009, haley announced her campaign for governor to replace the term-limited Sanford.595 She faced three other Republicans in the pri- mary, u.S. Representative , Lieutenant Governor Andre Bauer, and Attorney General henry McMaster. In addition to an endorse- ment from Jenny Sanford, glowing praise from Governor Sanford, and the benefi t of national endorsements from Mitt Romney596 and Sarah Pal- in,597 haley’s primary campaign benefi ted from a $400,000 television ad

Haley’s primary campaign benefi ted from a $400,000 television ad buy from a pro-Sanford outside group.598 A judge later forced that group to take the ads off the air, fi nding that they illegally promoted a specifi c candidate – Haley – rather than just issues.599 buy from a pro-Sanford outside group.598 A judge later forced that group to take the ads off the air, fi nding that they illegally promoted a specifi c candidate – haley – rather than just issues.599 haley almost won the 50-plus-one percent needed to secure the nomina- tion outright, but landed in a runoff against distant second-place fi nisher Gresham Barrett.600 After winning the nomination in June 2010, haley went on to beat Democrat State Senator Vincent Sheheen in the general election with 52 percent of the vote to Sheheen’s 46.601 her victory made haley the fi rst female governor in the state’s history, and only the sec- ond Indian-American governor in u.S. history, after Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal.602

70 2016 SCOuTING RePORT ETHICS During haley’s time in the state house, she was a leading advocate for a proposal to force more of the chamber’s votes to be recorded.603 Af- ter taking offi ce as governor, haley released a fi ve-point ethics plan,604 a document put into stark contrast when haley herself became embroiled in a series of scandals that called her ethics into question. In 2012, haley was the fi rst governor to be called in front of the state house ethics commission, pursuant to an investigation into her past employment with Lexington Medical.605 In addition to the donations received by Lexington from insurance companies, both Lexington and haley’s campaign received signifi cant donations from a payday lending company while haley served on a house committee charged with payday lending reform.606 Notably, the payday lending industry had not previ- ously contributed to the hospital.607 haley’s committee killed a bill that would have imposed additional regulations on the industry, leading one colleague in the legislature to label haley as the “chief obstructionist” to the reforms.608 haley’s attorneys argued during the ethics inquiry that her involvement with the hospital and fundraising solicitations from compa- nies with interests before the state were “common practice.” 609 haley has faced other issues with ethics and reporting requirements. In one instance, the ethics commission fi ned haley $3,500 for failing to disclose the addresses of eight campaign donors.610 According to a re- port from the Post & Courier, after her election in November 2010, haley took 17 fl ights provided by individuals with potential interests before the state, and while her staff claimed that these fl ights were reported at fair

MITT ROMNEY PRESENTS A CAKE TO HALEY ON HER BIRTHDAY WHILE FORMER VIR- GINIA GOVERNOR BOB MCDONNELL LOOKS ON IN NORTH CHARLESTON, SC, IN 2012.

NIKKI hALeY 71 market value, at least one flight was undervalued by well over $30,000.611 Three businessmen who provided flights for haley received political ap- pointments to state agencies the same month as the flights occurred.612 Despite working as an accountant in her early career, state records also show that haley repeatedly failed to file her taxes on time, resulting in her paying $4,000 in penalties.613 haley filed her income taxes an entire year late in 2005 and 2006.614 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INCENTIVES As governor, haley has raised money from special interests. eight dif- ferent companies gave donations to haley’s campaign within months of receiving job creation tax incentives from the state.615 In 2011, haley

Eight different companies gave donations to Haley’s campaign within months of receiving job creation tax incentives from the state.615 traveled to neighboring for a $15,000 fundraiser while South Carolina’s Department of health and environmental Control (DheC) was reviewing a proposal that would allow the Port of Savannah, Georgia, which is directly across the river from South Carolina, to be dredged.616 The move would give the Georgia port a significant competitive advan- tage over South Carolina’s Port of Charleston, a major economic engine for the state.617 While haley initially opposed the proposal,618 just thir- teen days after the Georgia fundraiser, South Carolina’s DheC approved dredging the Savannah harbor.619 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES In 2014, the director of South Carolina’s Department of Social Services (DSS) was forced to resign after it came to light that at least two South Carolina children died as a result of mismanagement by the agency.620 Lillian Koller was appointed by haley to the post in 2011 and resigned five months after the state senate launched an investigation that found that heavy caseloads and high turnover put children at risk.621 haley had previously lavished Koller with praise for being a “rock-star” and noting that DSS did more than “taking care of children.” 622 After an audit report raised issues with private contractors used by the agency, officials in haley’s administration maintained that the contract- ing program was “effective.” 623 When haley’s administration consequent- ly proposed reforms to the Department of Social Services, members of her own party admitted that the reforms were not enough to address the systemic issues that led to the deaths of children in the state.624

72 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Career Statistics 625

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2014 South Governor Nikki haley (R) $8,153,995.54 626 55.9% (696,700 votes) General Carolina Vincent Sheheen (D) $3,508,988.24 627 41.41% (516,187 votes)

2010 South Governor Nikki haley (R) $3,969,865 51.37% (690,525 votes) General Carolina Vincent Sheheen (D) $2,303,984.76 46.91% (630,534 votes)

2010 South Governor Nikki R. haley (R) $3,958,819.75 65.05% (233,733 votes) Republican Carolina Gresham Barrett (R) $3,180,330.75 34.95% (125,601) Runoff

2010 South Governor Nikki R. haley (R) $862,957.00 48.86% (206,326 votes) Republican Carolina Gresham Barrett (R) $2,686,229.69 21.75% (91,824 votes) Primary henry McMaster (R) $149,500.00 16.93% (71,494) Andre Bauer (R) $2,023,964.5 12.46% (52,607 votes)

2008 South State house of Nikki haley (R) $166,542 83.12% (17,043 votes) General Carolina Representatives edgar Gomez (D) $2,600 16.81% (3,446 votes)

2006 South State house of Nikki haley (R) $88,831 11387 votes General Carolina Representatives

2004 South State house of Nikki haley (R) $79,301 55% (2929 votes) Republican Carolina Representatives Larry Koon (R) $43,155 45% (2426 votes) Runoff

2004 South State house of Nikki haley (R) * 40% (2247 votes) Republican Carolina Representatives Larry Koon (R) * 42% (2354 votes) Primary Davida Perry (R) * 17% (968 votes) Issues At A Glance

Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 628 Supports plan to convert Medicare into a voucher system . . YES 629 Supports eliminating gun carry permits ...... YES 630 Opposes marriage equality ...... , ...... YES 631 Opposed rescuing the auto industry ...... YES 632 Supports voter ID ...... YES 633 Supports federal and state right-to-work legislation . . . . . YES 634 What To Watch • how will haley’s deep-seated ethical scandals impact her na- tional prospects?

NIKKI hALeY 73 RICK SANTORUM Rick Santorum is a former two-term senator from who lost his Senate seat in 2006. He is known for being one of the most conser- vative members of the Republican Party. He ran for president in 2012 and came closest to defeating Mitt Romney in the Republican primary, largely because of his support from right-wing evangeli- cal and Tea Party voters. Surprising many, Santorum eked out a narrow victory in the 2012 Iowa caucuses, defeating Mitt Romney by 24 votes.653

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Richard John Santorum Chairman and CEO, echoLight Studios (2013-present) 642 BORN Candidate, President of the united States of America (2012) 643 May 10th, 1958, Co-Founder, Patriot Voices (2012) 644 635 Winchester, VA Senior Fellow, ethics and Public Policy Center (2007-Pres- HOMETOWN ent) 645 Consultant, CONSOL energy Inc. (2007-2011) 646 Great Falls, VA 636 Consultant, Clapham Group (2010-2011) 647 EDUCATION Consultant, American Continental Group (2009-2011) 648 Bachelor of Arts, Pennsylvania State Registered Agent, S.T. More LLC (2007) 649 university, 1980 637 Member, u.S. Senate, Pennsylvania (1995-2007) 650 651 Master of Business Administration, Member, u.S. house of Representatives (1991-1995) university of Pittsburgh, 1981 Attorney, K&L Gates (Formerly Kirkpatrick & Lockhart) (1986-1989) 652 Juris Doctor, Pennsylvania State uni- versity, Dickinson School of Law, 1986 638 BOOKS AUTHORED FAMILY Bella’s Gift: How One Little Girl Transformed Our Family and Inspired a Nation (2015) Wife: Karen Garver Santorum; Blue Collar Conservatives: Recommitting to an America Children: elizabeth, Sarah, Isabella, John, That Works (2014) Daniel, Gabriel (d. 1996),639 Peter, and American Patriots: Answering the Call to Freedom (2012) Patrick640 It Takes a Family: Conservativism and the Common Good WEALTH (2006) $892,074-$3,005,000 in assets reported Rick Santorum: A Senator Speaks out on Life, Freedom, and in 2011641 Responsibility (2005)

74 2016 SCOuTING RePORT SANTORUM IN HIGH SCHOOL.

Career Highlights LOBBYING CAREER Before his career in politics, Rick Santorum worked as a lobbyist for the professional wrestling industry, where he pushed to have wrestling de- clared “entertainment” rather than a sport. According to , doing so reduced taxes on the industry and “helped establish a new in- dustry standard that unleashed a series of presumably unintended con- sequences,” including “a wave of steroid abuses” among participants.654 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Santorum fi rst ran for Congress in 1990 on an anti-incumbent message against then-seven-term Democratic Representative Doug Walgren, at- tacking Walgren for supporting a congressional pay raise and no longer owning a home in the district.655 Santorum’s two terms in the house were primarily noteworthy for his push to raise the Social Security retirement age,656 which he continued to support as a senator,657 and railing against the house bank, which members had misused, leading then-Speaker Tom Foley (D-WA) to shut it down.658 U.S. SENATE Santorum won his fi rst campaign for u.S. Senate during the Republican wave of 1994 on a platform of less government, fewer taxes, and greater individual freedoms.659 In that race, he challenged and defeated Demo- cratic incumbent Senator harris Woff ord.660 Santorum’s tenure in the Senate is notable for his continued eff orts to weaken or cut programs intended to help seniors, working families, women, children, and the en- vironment.661 his staunch anti-immigration sentiments included support

RICK SANTORuM 75 for legislation to make english the national language.662 After refusing to back down from his myriad of positions and spending his campaign promoting the war in Iraq, Santorum lost re-election in 2006 to current Democratic u.S. Senator Bob Casey.663 ETHICS Over the years, Santorum’s political opponents attacked his record of un- ethical actions. In one instance, Santorum took a corporate subsidized Bell South plane two days before arguing against the practice on the Senate floor.664 his PAC had strange purchase records that seemed to personally benefit him and it only spent 18% on other candidates.665 In addition, while Santorum and his family lived in Virginia, the Santorums took $100,000 from the taxpayers of Pennsylvania for their children to at- tend an online ; Santorum refused to reimburse the school district in Pennsylvania that footed the bill.666 SENIORS In the Senate, Santorum supported efforts that would hurt seniors. he voted to privatize Social Security667 and weaken Medicare by turning it into a voucher program,668 increase the eligibility age,669 raise premi- ums670 – which he called “fair” 671 – and cut the program by $6.4 billion.672 WORKING FAMILIES As a senator, Santorum repeatedly opposed programs intended to help middle class and working families. In 2003, he was the only senator to vote against a three-year extension of the child .673 he also fought against restoring cuts to the earned Income Tax Credit,674 and voted against expanding tax credits for low-income families.675

SANTORUM MODELING ONE OF HIS INFAMOUS SWEATER VESTS. PHOTO CREDIT: .

76 2016 SCOUTING REPORT During Santorum’s house tenure, he made disparaging remarks about single mothers.676 At a 1994 appearance in Clairton, Pennsylvania, San- torum said, “We are seeing the fabric of this country fall apart, and it’s falling apart because of single moms.” 677 Santorum continued these at- tacks on single mothers as a presidential candidate in 2011, when he stated that single mothers supported Democrats “because it’s so tough economically that they look to the government for help.” 678

“ We are seeing the fabric of this country fall apart, and it’s falling apart because of single moms.” RICK SANTORUM 1994 677

EDUCATION Santorum took a number of hardline stances on education: he opposed fully funding No Child Left Behind,679 voted against hiring additional teach- ers to reduce class size,680 and voted against $1 billion for renovating and repairing schools.681 he also voted against increasing Pell Grants,682 against increasing funding for head Start,683 against increasing funding for special education,684 and supported funding for school vouchers.685 In the Senate, per the Nashua Telegram, Santorum “led the effort” to re- quire schools to teach .686 In a 2012 interview with ABC, he raised doubts about the separation of church and state.687 WOMEN’S ISSUES During his time in the Senate, Santorum espoused a radical anti-woman agenda. he compared abortion to ,688 said he did not think birth control worked, and called it harmful to women.689 In 2005, he went so far as to claim that “the notion” that education is the way to help low-income unmarried mothers “move up the economic ladder is just wrong.” 690 As a presidential candidate, Santorum continued his radical statements on family planning, claiming that as president he would talk about “the dangers of contraception in this country.” 691 Santorum opposed abortion exceptions for rape and incest, supported a ban on abortions after 20 weeks,692 supported a personhood amendment that jeopardized access to common forms of birth control,693 and supported the ability of a state to ban contraception.694 In 2012, he went so far as to say victims of rape should “accept what God has given to you” 695 and “make the best out of

RICK SANTORuM 77 a bad situation.” 696 As a presidential candidate, Santorum opposed the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, calling it a “trial lawyer’s bill,” and saying it “had nothing to do with changing the law with respect to pay for women or rights for women.” 697 ANTI-LGBT EQUALITY Rick Santorum used his position in the Senate to attack LGBTQ individ- uals. he opposed legislation extending protections for gays and lesbi- ans,698 and compared marriage equality to the terrorist attacks on 9/11.699 he also famously compared marriage equality to bestiality, stating that the definition of marriage does not include homosexuality, pedophilia, or “man on dog” intercourse.700 2012 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN As a candidate for president in 2012, Santorum continued to espouse many of his past extreme stances on various issues. he said that “junk science” was behind warnings of climate change and that he did not be- lieve climate change was man-made,701 and he congratulated the house on a vote to allow drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR).702 he took a hardline stance against immigration reform, saying he would veto the DReAM Act.703 he supported ending Medicaid as an entitle- ment program,704 and supported repealing the Affordable Care Act and claimed he was the only candidate who could do so.705 On economic pol- icy, Santorum opposed the auto rescue and the stimulus706 and signed the pledge to not raise taxes,707 which protects tax breaks for companies that ship jobs overseas. he also supported a voter ID law in Texas708 and called a proposed amendment to roll back the Supreme Court’s Citizens United decision “horrible.” 709

“ I don’t want to make black people’s lives better by giving them somebody else’s money.” RICK SANTORUM 2012 710

AFRICAN AMERICANS While campaigning for the presidency in 2012, Santorum said, “I don’t want to make black people’s lives better by giving them somebody else’s money.” According to CBS News, the question that prompted Santorum’s statement had nothing to do with race or entitlements.710

78 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Career Statistics 711

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2012 Republican Presidential Rick Santorum (R) $23,211,965 N/A (lost in primary) Primary

2006 Pennsylvania u.S. Senate Rick Santorum (R) $28,641,536 41.32% (1,684,778 votes) Bob Casey, Jr. (D) $17,929,395 58.68% (2,392,984 votes)

2000 Pennsylvania u.S. Senate Rick Santorum (R) $12,912,969 52.42% (2,481,962 votes) Ron Klink (D) $3,660,956 45.51% (2,154,908 votes)

1994 Pennsylvania u.S. Senate Rick Santorum (R) $5,400,000 49.40% (1,735,691 votes) (D) $5,000,000 46.92% (1,648,481 votes)

1992 Pennsylvania u.S. house Rick Santorum (R) N/A 60.56% (154,024 votes) Frank Pecora (D) N/A 38% (96,655 votes)

1990 Pennsylvania u.S. house Rick Santorum (R) N/A 51.45% (85,697 votes) Doug Walgren (D) N/A 48.55% (80,880 votes) Leadership PAC 712

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2012 America’s Foundation $701,639

2010 America’s Foundation $2,813,395

2008 America’s Foundation $2,128,390

2006 America’s Foundation $863,673

2004 America’s Foundation $2,641,705

2002 America’s Foundation $2,134,184

2000 Fight-PAC $230,250

1998 Fight-PAC $301,896

1996 Fight-PAC $336,772 Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in cases of rape or incest ...... YES 713 Opposes universal background checks on guns . . . . . YES 714 Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 715 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 716 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 717 Opposes comprehensive immigration reform ...... YES 718 Supports voter ID ...... YES 719 What To Watch • Will Santorum be able to recreate his Iowa support given the presence of newer right-wing “flavors of the month” in 2016? • Will Santorum say something more incendiary about LGBT rights than his “man on dog” comment from the 2012 primary?

RICK SANTORuM 79 MICHELE BACHMANN Michele Bachmann is a conservative four-term member of Congress. She is a founding member of the Congressional and is best known for her controversial beliefs on LGBTQ and wom- en’s issues, and her failed 2012 bid for the Republican presidential nomination.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME WEALTH Michele Marie Bachmann $1,352,016-$2,955,000 in assets BORN in 2013726 April 6, 1956, Waterloo, IA 720 CAREER HOMETOWN Candidate, President of the Stillwater, MN 721 united States of America (2012) 727 EDUCATION Member, u.S. house of Repre- Winona State university, Bachelor of Arts, sentatives (2007-2015) 728 1978 722 Orin Wesley Coburn School of Member, State Juris Doctor, 729 730 Law, Oral Roberts university, 1986 723 Senate (2001-2006) Master of Laws, Tax Law, College of Attorney, Internal Revenue William and Mary, 1988 724 Service, u.S. Department of Treasury (1988-1993) 731 FAMILY husband: Marcus Bachmann; BOOKS AUTHORED Children: Lucas, harrison, elisa, Caroline, Core of Conviction: My Story and Sophia 725 (2011) 732

80 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights EDUCATION AND EARLY CAREER Bachmann began her professional career as a tax attorney at the (IRS) Offi ce of the Chief Counsel in St. Paul, Minnesota.733 Bachmann claimed she had a Ph.D. in federal tax law, which earned her the job at the IRS, but school records show she only earned a law degree from Oral Roberts and a Master’s of Laws (LLM) from William and Mary.734 During her failed 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for president, Bachmann tried to explain away her time at the IRS, saying, “I believe if you understand the enemy from the inside out, that’s the best way to defeat them.” 735 She considered herself an “insurgent” 736 at the IRS and often paints her time there as a stepping stone to “defeat the tax code

She considered herself an “insurgent” 736 at the IRS and often paints her time there as a stepping stone to “defeat the tax code and bring more liberty about in the United States.” 737 and bring more liberty about in the united States.” 737 Bachmann claimed on multiple occasions that she tried hundreds of cases when in fact many of her cases settled without going to trial; her former coworkers have said Bachmann “didn’t do much litigating” at the agency.738 LEGISLATIVE CAREER In 2000, Bachmann launched a successful bid for Minnesota State Sen- ate. She served six years in the legislature and made few friends along the way. During her tenure, her fellow Minnesota Republicans called her dishonest and deceitful, and one referred to her as a “Girl Scout with a switchblade knife.” 739 her colleagues consistently questioned her com- mitment to the Senate, saying she did not work on policy and used her position primarily for political organizing.740 Despite this intra-party criticism, Bachmann was appointed assistant minority leader in 2005 because of her leadership against gay marriage in Minnesota and the repeal of the Profi le of Learning graduation stan- dard.741 her tenure was short lived, however, as Bachmann used her position to push radical anti-choice and anti-tax proposals through the legislature.742 In one instance, Bachmann urged her anti-gay marriage supporters to directly lobby the State Senate, creating a major disrup- tion but garnering media attention for herself.743 Due to her disruptive

MICheLe BAChMANN 81 actions, the Senate Republican caucus asked Bachmann to step down as assistant minority leader.744 CONGRESSIONAL CAREER In 2006, Bachmann claimed, “God called me to run for the .” 745 She was elected that November, capturing 50.1% of the vote to her Democratic opponent’s 42.1%.746 In 2011, heritage Action ranked Bachmann as the ninth-most conservative member of Congress and the seventh-most conservative member in the house.747 her time in Congress, much like her time in the state senate, was wrought with criticism. She was often attacked for constantly appearing on televi-

She was often attacked for constantly appearing on television and undermining the House Republican caucus message.

sion and undermining the house Republican caucus message, and she held little sway with her house colleagues, guiding no substantial legisla- tion into law. PRESIDENTIAL RUN In 2011, Bachmann launched a bid for president of the united States. De- spite her former chief of staff saying, “Bachmann is so not ready for the presidency,” 748 and the fact that she was not endorsed by any members of the u.S. house,749 she pressed forward. her focus on the campaign caused her to miss every vote in the house in September of 2011.750 She was criticized for not investing in Florida and only visiting New hamp- shire a handful of times.751 her campaign was marked by repeated gaffes and missteps, including alleging that the hPV vaccine causes “mental retardation,” which earned her criticism from countless conservative outlets and personalities, in- cluding .752 Bachmann also confused actor John Wayne and serial killer John Wayne Gacy, falsely placed the battles of Lexington and Concord in New hampshire when speaking there, and called John Quincy Adams a founding father of the united States when in reality he was only nine years old in 1776.753 LGBT ISSUES Few candidates are more staunchly anti-gay than Michele Bachmann, and she has taken a series of controversial positions on LGBT issues.

82 2016 SCOUTING REPORT She was caught praying over her openly gay colleague’s desk while in the Minnesota state senate,754 she accused the American Psychologi- cal Association of trying to “decrimi- nalize pedophilia,” 755 she likened gay marriage to the spread of po- lygamy and group marriage,756 and she called gay marriage a “ticking time bomb.” 757 Bachmann doubled down on protecting the u.S. mili- tary’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy758 MARCUS AND MICHELE BACHMANN. and she ultimately dismissed gay PHOTO CREDIT: DAVID SHANKBONE. marriage as a “frivolous matter” 759 during her 2012 campaign for president. Bachmann even accused the Disney classic fi lm “The Lion King” of being “gay propaganda.” 760 She was dogged throughout her presidential campaign by the issue of reparative therapy, which claims it can reverse a person’s sexuality,761 be- cause her husband’s clinic practices the “widely discredited technique.” 762 Bachmann also praised Love Won Out, a group “that disagrees with fi nd- ings by the American Psychological Association and American Psychiatric Association that it’s impossible to change a person’s sexuality.” 763 She later tried to dismiss the claim that she supports reparative therapy.764

“ It’s not stopping with same-sex couples. The envelope is being pushed on polygamy, on group marriage, on pedophilia, on in- cest, on bestiality.” MICHELE BACHMANN MARCh 13, 2004 756

ENTITLEMENT REFORM Bachmann remained a staunch opponent of entitlement programs dur- ing her tenure in Congress. She claimed that entitlements should be re- organized to wean people off of Social Security and Medicare,765 and she supported guidelines for privatizing Social Security that were released by the conservative .766 Bachmann also voted twice against extending unemployment benefi ts, supported cutting over one hundred billion dollars in food stamp support, and voted four times against re- newing the State Children’s health Insurance Program (SChIP).767

MICheLe BAChMANN 83 Career Statistics 768

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2012 Minnesota u.S. house Michele Bachmann (R) $12,946,663 50.47% (179,240 votes) Jim Graves (D) $2,162,406 49.26% (174,944 votes)

2012 Republican Presi- Michele Bachmann (R) $4,763,600 N/A (lost in primary) dential Primary

2010 Minnesota u.S. house Michele Bachmann (R) $3,965,098 52.51% (159,476 votes) (D) $1,419,565 39.79% (120,846 votes) Bob Anderson (I) $940 5.83% (17,698 votes)

2008 Minnesota u.S. house Michele Bachmann (R) $3,494,045 46.41% (187,817 votes) el Tinklenberg (D) $2,968,319 43.43% (175,786 votes) Bob Anderson (I) $0 10.04% (40,643 votes)

2006 Minnesota u.S. house Michele Bachmann (R) $2,626,866 50.05% (151,248 votes) Patty Wetterling (D) $4,247,883 42.07% (127,144 votes) John Paul Binkowski (I) $18,096 7.80% (23,557 votes)

2002 Minnesota State Senate Michele Bachmann (R) $96,695 54.22% (21,159 votes) Jane Krentz $78,770 45.79% (17,828 votes)

2000 Minnesota State Senate Michele Bachmann (R) $80,874 51.64% (25,833 votes) Ted Thompson (D) $55,567 42.93% (21,474 votes) Leadership PAC 769

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Michele PAC $532,981

2012 Michele PAC $1,247,989

2010 Michele PAC $646,763 Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in the cases of rape or incest ...... YES 770 Opposes universal background checks on guns . . . . . YES 771 Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 772 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 773 Opposes the minimum wage ...... YES 774 Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 775 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 776 Opposes comprehensive immigration reform ...... YES 777 What To Watch • how will Bachmann defend her position that the HPV vaccine causes “mental retardation”? • Does Bachmann still endorse so-called “gay conversion” therapy? • Will her presence in the race make it harder for the Iowa GOP to do away with the straw poll? • Will her appeal to the ultra-right wing Tea Party base outweigh her penchant for embarrassing gaffes and ethical problems?

84 2016 SCOUTING REPORT JEB BUSH Jeb Bush is the former governor of Florida, the son of President George H.W. Bush, and the younger brother of President George W. Bush. Much of his political career as governor and as Flor- ida secretary of commerce can be attributed to the Bush family’s political prestige and deep connec- tions to Republican Party donors and infl uencers. His time outside of public offi ce – before his tenure as secretary of commerce, after his fi rst attempt at the governor’s mansion in 1994, and since 2007 – has been marked by his involvement with several questionable private sector companies. Bush has seem- ingly lent his name to an indis- criminate number of ventures seeking legitimacy for their operations.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME CAREER John ellis “Jeb” Bush Manager, Britton hill Partners (2008-Present)784 BORN Managing Member, Jeb Bush & Associates LLC , 1953, (2007-Present)785 Midland, TX 778 Member, Various Corporate Boards (2007- 786 HOMETOWN Present) Coral Gables, FL779 Senior Adviser, Capital (2009-Present)787 788 EDUCATION Adviser, Lehman Brothers (2007-2008) 789 Bachelor of Arts, uni- Governor, State of Florida (1999-2007) versity of Texas, 1974 780 Secretary of Commerce, State of Florida (1987- 1988)790 FAMILY Partner, Codina Group (1981-1986, 1988-1993, Wife: Columba G. Bush;781 1995-1997)791 Children: George Prescott, John ellis, Jr., Representative/Vice President, Texas Com- 792 and Noelle Lucilla 782 merce Bank (1974-1979) WEALTH BOOKS AUTHORED $1,500,000 in reported Immigration Wars: Forging an American Solution assets in 2007 783 (coauthor ) (2014)

JeB BuSh 85 GEORGE H.W. BUSH (SECOND FROM LEFT) AND SONS (FROM LEFT) NEIL, JEB, GEORGE W. AND MARVIN IN 1970. PHOTO CREDIT: PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM.

Career Highlights FATHER’S INFLUENCE ON EARLY CAREER In 1980, Jeb Bush moved to from , , where he was a vice president for Texas Commerce Bank, in order to support his father’s failed 1980 run for the GOP presidential nomination and eventual campaign as ’s running mate.793 Texas Com- merce Bank was founded by the family of a close friend of George h.W. Bush, .794 Shortly after the election, Bush was hired by Miami real estate mogul Armando Codina, who has been described as one of his fa- ther’s “earliest supporters.” 795 Several years later, Codina told the that Jeb’s name was a “big plus.” 796 Bush worked with the Codina Group until 1986, and again for stints in the late 1980s and mid 1990s.797 FLORIDA SECRETARY OF COMMERCE With his father’s 1988 presidential run al- JEB BUSH’S BUSINESS PART- ready in the works, some were surprised NER ARMANDO CODINA. when Bush accepted Florida Governor Bob

86 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Martinez’s nomination to serve as secretary of commerce in 1986.798 Mar- tinez and George h.W. Bush had a mutually beneficial political relation- ship, with Bush helping Martinez raise over a half million dollars in 1986, and Martinez later cochairing Bush’s presidential campaign in 1987.799 Bush resigned his post in May 1988 to campaign full-time for his father.800 BUSINESS CAREER Bush’s business ventures have been marked by controversy. In one no- table deal involving Bush and his business partner Armando Codina, the two purchased an office building in Miami using funds Codina bor- rowed from a local savings and loan institution, which became insolvent in 1988.801 When the federal government – led by Bush’s father – stepped in to bail out the savings and loan industry, Bush and Codina’s loan was credited with $4 million in government funds,802 lifting the liability of a $4.565 million second mortgage off of the partners.803

When the federal government – led by Bush’s father – stepped in to bail out the savings and loan industry, Bush and Codina’s loan was credited with $4 million in government funds,802 lifting the liability of a $4.565 million second mortgage off the partners.803

In 2007, Bush joined the private equity advisory board at Lehman Broth- ers.804 The company sold more than $800 million worth of mortgage- backed securities to the Florida State Fund.805 The securities defaulted in just four months.806 It was later revealed that the sales to the state fund took place just before Lehman revealed Bush’s role in the company.807 Bush denied having any role in this specific sale, although Lehman won six contracts and just shy of $10 million in fees from Florida state agen- cies while Bush was governor.808 When Lehman Brothers collapsed the following year, it had the potential to cost the state of Florida more than $1 billion.809 Local governments in the state were trapped with tainted securities that they could not redeem, worth more than $500 million.810 While Lehman was on the verge of bankruptcy in 2008, Bush reached out to Mexican billionaire Carlos Slim to solicit an investment in a Lehman project code-named “Project Verde,” but Bush wrote to a colleague at Lehman in July of the same year that “Project Verde was unsuccessful.” 811 1994 GUBERNATORIAL CAMPAIGN Jeb Bush launched his first campaign for governor of Florida with the at- tention and strategy expected from someone who had run his father’s Florida operations in 1988 and 1992. Bush was the first Republican to

JeB BuSh 87 announce his candidacy in 1994, having prepared to run for more than 18 months before the election.812 he also inherited much of the Florida campaign apparatus from his father’s efforts.813 his first gubernatorial campaign benefited from major fundraising assistance from his parents, who traveled to Florida three times that year to fundraise for him, bring- ing in more than $2 million during those trips.814 Bush’s family connec- tions in Texas, where his brother was also running for governor, netted him significant donations as well.815 But Bush’s business career, including his deal with Codina, became a target of attacks during the 1994 campaign, with attacks coming from the incumbent governor and the two candidates against Bush in the Re- publican primary. Bush eventually won the primary after his opponent dropped out of the runoff.816 Just weeks before the general election, Bush was polling ahead of incumbent Governor , but ultimately lost the race by a close margin.817 1998 GUBERNATORIAL CAMPAIGN Bush’s fundraising ability was demonstrated again in his successful 1998 run for governor, when he significantly outraised his opponent, Buddy MacKay, by a nearly two-to-one margin.818 Compared to Bush, MacKay was considered a weak candidate with less charisma and his campaign was late to staff up.819 Compounding MacKay’s weaknesses, Democrats’ dominance in Florida began to erode as the party faced racial fissures, and Bush made a concerted effort to reach out to minority voters.820 Bush went on to dispatch MacKay handily, winning 55 percent of the vote.821 BUSH V. GORE During the contested 2000 presi- dential election and recount in Florida, Bush maintained that he recused himself in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety while his brother was one of the candidates.822 In spite of this claim, he quietly signed the paperwork that certified his brother’s victory in Florida.823 Further, when Re- publican lawmakers in Florida as- serted that they had a right to di- rectly award the state’s twenty-five electoral votes to George W. Bush, Jeb Bush stated that he would sign into state law a bill awarding Flor- ida’s electoral votes to his brother if the recount was not completed

88 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Despite his public statements during the recount, Jeb Bush’s offi ce was later found to have made 95 phone calls to the Bush presidential campaign during the recount period.825

by December 12, 2000.824 Despite his public statements during the re- count, Bush’s offi ce was later found to have made 95 phone calls to the Bush presidential campaign during the recount period.825 Bush’s brother was named the winner in Florida by a mere 537 votes.826 Months after Florida’s electoral votes – and by extension, the presidency – went in his brother’s favor, a division of the Florida Secretary of State’s offi ce was found to have improperly purged thousands of eligible voters from the voter rolls in the election.827 African-Americans comprised a dis- proportionate number of these voters.828 DISASTER RELIEF FUNDS Bush’s tenure as governor was marked by at least two severe hurricanes, the response to which raised questions about his management of federal disaster aid and willingness to dispense taxpayer dollars without prop- er oversight. After hit in September 2004, President George W. Bush declared Miami-Dade County a disaster area at the urg- ing of his brother Jeb.829 The declaration made area residents eligible for individual aid, and while the hurricane’s outer bands had barely touched the county, nearly 10,000 residents of the county received aid totaling at least $21 million in tax-free grants.830 In comparison, harder-hit Indian River Country received just $12.5 million in these grants.831

GOV. JEB BUSH STANDS BY AS PRES. GEORGE W. BUSH ADDRESSES FLORIDIANS HIT BY HURRICANE FRANCES ON SEPT. 8, 2004. PHOTO CREDIT: ERIC DRAPER, THE WHITE HOUSE.

JeB BuSh 89 The enormity of the tax-free grants awarded to Miami-Dade residents cast doubt on whether federal dollars should have been awarded to the county and prompted calls for a federal investigation.832 The audit found numerous instances of fraudulent reimbursements, and determined that Federal emergency Management Agency (FeMA) had included Mi- ami-Dade in the disaster declaration without the required assessment of damage.833 A year later in 2005, Jeb Bush was criticized over disaster relief in the wake of , which left thousands of Floridians without wa- ter, ice, food, and gasoline during massive power outages.834 Bush cal- lously blamed Floridians stuck in hours-long lines for supplies for their fate, saying that they had “ample time” to prepare themselves for the disaster.835 PROBLEMS WITH THE BASE Since leaving the Florida governor’s mansion in 2007, Bush’s comments on hot-button issues, his championing of immigration reform, and his support for Common Core have raised the ire of the conservative base. In 2009, Bush committed a major Republican Party faux pas when he spoke ill of its frequent invocation of President Ronald Reagan, saying the party needs to give up its “nostalgia” for the Reagan years.836

“ Yes, they broke the law, but it’s not a felony. It’s an act of love, it’s an act of commitment to your family.” JEB BUSH on illegal immigration PHOTO CREDIT: APRIL 6, 2014 837 GAGE SKIDMORE

Bush’s vocal support for comprehensive immigration reform has not en- deared him to the Tea Party, whose suspicions about his support for so- called “amnesty” were confi rmed in 2014 when he called illegal immigra- tion an “act of love” and “not a felony.” 837 Opposition to the Common Core State Standards is another Tea Party cause of which Bush runs afoul. Jeb Bush is perhaps the most vocal sup- porter of the standards, touting their benefi ts for college and career readiness consistently since their adoption, and urging states to stay the course with Common Core amid growing political controversy about the

90 2016 SCOuTING RePORT standards.838 Bush serves as chairman of the Foundation for excellence in education, which has received donations from pro-Common Core cor- porations in addition to funds from organizations and companies with a financial stake in the successful adoption of the standards.839 Bush also “supports instant background checks for gun-show purchases, an un- popular position with the NRA,” and has recently avoided attending NRA events.840 Career Statistics 841

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2002 Florida Governor Jeb Bush (R) $10,530,696.44 56.0% (2,856,845 votes) Bill McBride (D) $8,759,083.03 43.2% (2,201,427 votes)

1998 Florida Governor Jeb Bush (R) $9,125,443.12 55.3% (2,191,105 votes) Buddy MacKay (D) $6,350,805.46 44.7% (1,773,054 votes)

1994 Florida Governor Jeb Bush (R) * 49.2% (2,071,068 votes) Lawton Chiles (D) * 50.8% (2,135,008 votes) Issues At A Glance Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 842 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 843 Supports plan to turn Medicare into a voucher program . . . YES 844 Supports instant background checks for gun purchases at gun shows . . YES 845 Opposes marriage equality ...... YES 846 Supports Common Core ...... YES 847 Supports a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants . . . YES 848 Opposes medical marijuana ...... YES 849 What To Watch • Can Bush reconcile his more moderate policy views with the conser- vative right-wing base, or will he reverse his support for Common Core and immigration reform? • Where does Bush stand on controversial positions that his broth- er took while in office that upset the conservative base, like No Child Left Behind and Medicare Part D? • how does Bush reconcile his opposition to the Affordable Care Act with his involvement with Tenet Health Care, which has been outspo- ken in its endorsement of the law and paid Bush $2 million as a board member? • With Jeb already complaining about trackers, will he be able to stand the heat of a real campaign?

JeB BuSh 91 Mike Huckabee served as governor of Ar- kansas for 11 years and is best known for his failed 2008 presidential campaign in which he won the Iowa caucuses, as well as his quadrennial fl irtation with running for president. A former Baptist pastor, Huckabee’s political career was marked by ethics violations. While he is a strict social conservative, Huckabee holds a number of positions that confl ict with the Republican Party’s Tea Party base. He currently works as a FOX News contributor and hosts a weekend evening show on FOX News.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Michael Dale huckabee Radio Host, Networks (2009-Present) 855 BORN Host, Fox News (2008-Present) Governor, State of (1996-2007) 856 August 24, 1955, Lieutenant Governor, State of Arkansas (1993-1996) 857 hope, AR 850 President, Cambridge Communications (1992-1996) 858 HOMETOWN Pastor, Beech Street First Baptist Church (1986-1992) 859 South Walton, FL 851 Pastor, Immanuel Baptist Church (1980-1985) 860 Staff Assistant, James Robison (televangelist) (1976-1980) 861 EDUCATION BOOKS AUTHORED Bachelor of Arts, Ouachita Baptist university (1976) God, Guns, Grits, and Gravy (2015) Dear Chandler, Dear Scarlett: A Grandfather’s Thoughts on Postgraduate work, South- Faith, Family, and the Things That Matter Most (2012) western Baptist Theological Seminary (1976-1977) 852 A Simple Christmas: Twelve Stories That Celebrate the True Holiday Spirit (2012) FAMILY A Simple Government: Twelve Things We Really Need from Wife: Janet McCain huckabee; Washington (and a Trillion That We Don’t!) (2011) Children: John, David, and Do the Right Thing: Inside the Movement That’s Bringing Com- Sarah853 mon Sense Back to America (2009) Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork: A 12-Step WEALTH Program to End Bad Habits and Begin a Healthy Lifestyle (2006) Less than $700,000 in reported Living Beyond Your Lifetime: How to Be Intentional about assets in 2007854 the Legacy You Leave (2000)

92 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights EARLY CAREER Mike huckabee became an or- dained minister at age 18 and attended Southwestern Bap- tist Theological Seminary in Fort Worth, Texas, but he left after one year.862 he then went work for televangelist James Robison, who mentored the young huckabee and showed HUCKABEE’S MENTOR, TELEVANGELIST JAMES him how to use television to ROBISON. PHOTO CREDIT: RIGHT WING WATCH. connect with people.863 In 1979, huckabee moved back to Arkansas and went on to lead the Bap- tist State Convention.864 It was there that he entered politics as part of the anti-choice movement. As the Washington Post wrote, huckabee “worked as a local organizer for an Arkansas ballot amendment that would ban all public funding for abortions except those required to save the life of the woman.” 865 In 1992, huckabee lost his bid to unseat Democratic Senator Dale Bum- pers but mounted a comeback the following July when he won the special election for the Arkansas lieutenant governorship, which had vacated upon Bill Clinton’s ascent to the presidency.866 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR OF ARKANSAS When then-Governor Bill Clinton won the presidency in 1992, he set off a chain reaction that led to huckabee winning a special election to become lieutenant governor of Arkansas.867 huckabee was reelected to a full term as lieutenant governor in 1994.868 In 1996, huckabee ran for the Repub- lican nomination for retiring Democratic u.S. Senator ’s seat but ultimately decided to withdraw from the race to serve as governor after Jim Guy Tucker’s resignation.869 Republican u.S. Representative won the Senate seat and served one term before losing re- election to David Pryor’s son, Mark.870 ELECTION TO GOVERNOR When Governor Jim Guy Tucker was convicted of conspiracy and mail fraud in 1996, he was supposed to resign, according to huckabee. Tucker, however, decided not to and rescinded his resignation as huckabee was about to be sworn in. huckabee claimed this was “arguably the great- est constitutional crisis in Arkansas history,” 871 and took to the airwaves to force Tucker to resign. huckabee appeared in a statewide telecast to

MIKe huCKABee 93 Huckabee appeared in a statewide telecast to inform Arkansans “that he was now in control” and “threat- ened impeachment proceedings against Tucker.” 872

inform Arkansans “that he was now in control” and “threatened impeach- ment proceedings against Tucker.” 872 he further mobilized state troopers to protect the capital in an attempt to thwart Tucker, who fi nally resigned later that evening.873 ETHICS As the New York Times reported, “Mr. huck- abee’s tangles with the state ethics com- mission fi ll a thick binder with documents spanning much of his time as governor.” 874 huckabee has faced multiple ethics probes ranging from using government resources to campaign to accepting gifts and violat- ing campaign fi nance law.875 Five of these probes have resulted in offi cial ethics viola- tions.876 While huckabee was lieutenant governor, he sought guidance from the state ethics commission on what state resources were permissible to be used by state offi cials seeking reelection, and he was told not to use government resources to campaign.877 Later in 2005, a slew of charges were fi led against huckabee that included the use of state computers for political purposes.878 Additionally, huckabee fought to remove the gift limits placed on Arkansas elected offi cials, stating, “We should prohibit noth- ing and report everything.” 879 he received $112,000 in gifts while governor880 and ap- pointed his gift-givers to state boards.881 As governor, huckabee also used public resources for his personal gain: he took gifted furniture from the governor’s offi ce LT. GOV. HUCKABEE IN 1996. and used state funds earmarked for the PHOTO CREDITS: MICHAEL governor’s mansion for personal expenses, HIBBLEN, HIBBLEN RADIO. including meals from Taco Bell.882

94 2016 SCOuTING RePORT WOMEN’S HEALTH huckabee is well known for his radical stances on reproductive rights and women’s health. huckabee stated that women should submit to their husbands, he appointed a health commissioner who claimed rape victims were less likely to get pregnant, and he called cohabitation out of wedlock “demeaning.” 883 huckabee’s stance on contraception is made clear by his comments to the Washington Post in 2014: “If the Democrats want to insult the women of America by making them believe that they are helpless without uncle Sugar coming in and providing for them a prescription each month for birth control because they cannot control their libido or their reproduc- tive system without the government, then so be it.” 884 huckabee contin- ues to campaign for a ban on all abortions without exception885 and sup- ports personhood legislation that would jeopardize access to common forms of birth control.886 PROBLEMS WITH THE BASE huckabee’s conservative credentials have not protected him from a plethora of complaints about his ideology from within his own party. huckabee has been criticized by the right, including the Cato Institute, for “embrac[ing] big government in the form of big taxes” 887 because of his support for moving away from greenhouse gas energy sources and

Huckabee has been criticized by the right over his support for moving away from greenhouse gas energy sources and his support for cap and trade.

his support for cap and trade. huckabee has also expressed support for giving in-state tuition to undocumented immigrants, the Common Core education standards, and he raised taxes to increase spending as gov- ernor.888 Conservatives have also dug in against huckabee because he raised the minimum wage as governor and opposes both school vouch- ers and providing public funds to private schools.889 POST-GOVERNOR POLITICAL CAREER Since running for president in 2008, huckabee has followed the path of fellow conservatives like Newt Gingrich and by becoming a pundit on FOX News, appearing as a guest commentator on several pro- grams and headlining a weekend show called “huckabee.” 890 he also had a short-lived radio show from April 2012 to December 2013. “The Mike huckabee Show” was created to compete with Rush Limbaugh,891 but it was cancelled in December 2013.892

MIKe huCKABee 95 Career Statistics 893

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2008 Republican Presidential Mike huckabee (R) $16,416,542 N/A (lost in primary) Primary

2002 Arkansas Governor Mike huckabee (R) $2,525,609 53.01% (426,082 votes) Jimmie Fisher (D) $1,651,100 46.95% (378,250 votes)

1998 Arkansas Governor Mike huckabee (R) $2,354,650 59.77% (421,989 votes) Bill Bristow (D) $820,000 38.66% (272,923 votes) Keith Carle (Re) * 1.57% (11,099 votes)

1994 Arkansas Lieutenant Governor Mike huckabee (R) * 58.58% (417,191 votes) Charlie Coffman (D) * 41.42% (294,957 votes)

1993 Arkansas Lieutenant Governor Mike huckabee (R) * 50.85% (151,502 votes) Nate Coulter (D) * 49.15% (146,436 votes)

1992 Arkansas u.S. Senate Mike huckabee (R) $380,399 39.82% (366,373 votes) (D) $1,083,917 60.18% (553,635 votes)

Leadership PAC 894

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 huck PAC $632,510

2012 huck PAC $1,063,142

2010 huck PAC $1,803,029

2008 huck PAC $823,598 Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in cases of rape or incest ...... YES 895 Opposes universal background checks on guns . . . . . YES 896 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 897 Supports voter ID ...... YES 898 Opposes cap and trade ...... YES 899 What To Watch • Is huckabee running for anything more than a Fox News con- tract renewal and higher speaking fees? • huckabee says he supports a selective repeal of the Afford- able Care Act. Which portions would he keep?

96 2016 SCOUTING REPORT BOBBY JINDAL Bobby Jindal is the current governor of Louisiana and former U.S. representa- tive from Louisiana’s 1st Congressio- nal District. Jindal’s rapid political ascent has been hailed in conserva- tive circles, and recent maneuver- ings by the governor have served to bolster his prominence in the crowded fi eld of likely Republican presidential candidates in 2016. His bullishness as Louisiana’s chief ex- ecutive has recently been countered by a deep unpopularity in his home state and an ongoing feud with U.S. Senator David Vitter (a likely candidate for Louisi- ana governor in 2015) for the heart and soul of the Louisiana Republican Party.

PHOTO CREDIT: DEREK BRIDGES Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Piyush “Bobby” Jindal Governor, State of Louisiana (2008-Present) 905 BORN Member, u.S. house of Representatives (2005-2008) June 10, 1971, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Baton Rouge, LA900 u.S. Department of health and human Services (2001- 2003)906 HOMETOWN President, university of Louisiana System (1999-2001)907 Baton Rouge, LA901 Executive Director, National Bipartisan Commission EDUCATION on the Future of Medicare (1998)908 Bachelor of Science, Secretary, Louisiana health and hospitals (1996- Brown university 1998)909 (1991)902 Associate, McKinsey and Co. (1994-1996)910 Master of Letters, Ox- ford university (1994)903 WEALTH At least $166,000 in reported income in 2013 911 (disclo- FAMILY sure of investments not required under Louisiana law) Wife: Supriya Joly Jindal; Children: Selia, Slade, BOOKS AUTHORED and Shaan904 Leadership and Crisis (2010)

BOBBY JINDAL 97 Career Highlights HEALTH POLICY After receiving a Rhodes scholarship to study at Oxford university, Jindal returned to Louisiana and led the state’s Department of health and hos- pitals when he was still in his 20s, dramatically revamping the depart- ment.912 Jindal’s performance in this role led to his appointment as the executive Director of the National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare that Congress created as part of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997.913 The commission was chaired by u.S. Senator John Breaux (D-LA) and u.S. Representative Bill Thomas (R-CA).914 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES At 29, Jindal’s experience in health care policy led to his appointment by President George W. Bush to serve as an Assistant Secretary in the u.S. Department of health and human Services (hhS).915 During this period, he served as the Bush Administration’s “reliable ally” 916 and a “central fi gure on Medicare policy.” 917 During his tenure at hhS, Jindal received “plenty of face time” with President Bush and top advisor Karl Rove.918 CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS AND TENURE In 2003, Jindal resigned from hhS to campaign unsuccessfully for gover- nor of Louisiana.919 he won the Republican nomination and led in polls

BOBBY JINDAL WITH GEORGE W. BUSH IN BATON ROUGE, LA, IN 2008 DURING DISASTER RESPONSE EFFORTS FOR HURRICANE GUSTAV. PHOTO CREDIT: JACINTA QUESADA/FEMA.

98 2016 SCOuTING RePORT for most of the campaign, but ultimately lost in a runoff election to Dem- ocrat Kathleen Babineaux Blanco after a series of negative ads were run against him close to election Day.920 In 2004, he ran and won election to the u.S. house of Representatives, where he served two terms.921 His short tenure was viewed by local political observers as little more than a consolation prize for his failed gubernatorial campaign and later as a method of biding his time until his next campaign for governor. While campaigning for governor again in 2007, Jindal missed more than 100 votes in Congress.922 ELECTION AS GOVERNOR In 2007, Jindal once again ran for governor and won election with 54% of the vote.923 Pundits attributed Jindal’s success to the state’s desire for change after Democratic Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco’s mishan- dling of the state’s response to .924 RESPONSE In 2009, Jindal delivered the Republican response to President Obama’s first State of the union address. his speech was panned by pundits across the political spectrum and called “amateurish” 925 and a “disastrous national debut.” 926 In the speech, Jindal argued against what he viewed as wasteful government spending, citing the government’s monitoring of volcanic activity as a prime example.927 Backlash to the statement in- cluded comments from the mayor of Vancouver, Washington, who stated that the citizens of his city took potentially life-saving volcano monitor- ing quite seriously in the wake of Mount Saint helen’s eruption.928 Jindal would later be haunted by his rebuttal speech and by his presumption that government monitoring of natural disasters is wasteful.

Jindal would later be haunted by his rebuttal speech and by his presumption that government monitoring of natural disasters is wasteful.

POPULARITY AS GOVERNOR During his tenure as governor, Jindal’s popularity has fallen dramatically amid concerns that Jindal spent too much time chasing his political am- bitions,929 unease over his budget cuts to higher education and health services,930 and his of Louisiana’s hospitals.931 his popular- ity rating of just 28% during the summer of 2013 932 placed Jindal as the second least-popular governor in the country, while at the same time President Obama’s approval in Louisiana was 41%. Throughout his ten- ure, Jindal has reportedly had a personal feud with Louisiana’s junior u.S.

BOBBY JINDAL 99 Senator David Vitter, with the two battling for control of the state’s Re- publican Party.933 Vitter is expected to run for governor in 2015 to replace Jindal, who is term-limited.934 COMMON CORE Once a staunch supporter of Common Core, having actively pushed935 for its implementation, Jindal reversed his position amid conservative oppo- sition936 and filed a lawsuit against the federal government, claiming that Common Core violates the Constitution.937 Jindal was criticized for the move, with local press saying that his promise to spend up to $275,000 of taxpayer money on the suit was “irresponsible and unlikely to prevail.” Common Core is yet another issue where Jindal and Vitter disagree. In August 2014, Vitter described “Jindal’s approach to the standards as ‘very disruptive’ to Louisiana schools.” 938 TAX PLAN As governor, Jindal proposed a massive overhaul of the state’s tax code, including eliminating Louisiana’s income tax and increasing in the state’s sales tax, which would have made Louisiana’s “the highest sales tax in the nation.” 939 Critics argued that the shift would fall disproportionately on low income residents.940 The plan proved to be wildly unpopular, pre- cipitating a large drop in Jindal’s approval ratings941 and drawing heated criticism from both sides of the aisle.942 The plan proved so unpopular,

The plan proved so unpopular that Jindal abandoned the proposal before the legislative session started rather than risk a large-scale public embarrassment if it failed to pass.943

in fact, and it so negatively affected Jindal’s already tenuous relationship with state legislators, that Jindal abandoned the proposal before the leg- islative session started rather than risk a large-scale public embarrass- ment if it failed to pass.943 EXORCISM Jindal has written in great detail about participating in an exorcism of a female friend while studying at Brown. Jindal and the woman in question had an “intimate” relationship,944 but Jindal said he was “careful to avoid any form of physical contact.” 945 he would later speculate on the rea- sons why he assumed his friend to be demonically possessed, including her “intense flirting with guys.” 946 he also conjectured that she may have been affected by her mother having “offered a sacrifice at a pagan altar in the Far east.” 947

100 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Career Statistics 948

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2011 Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal (R) $15,238,507 65.80% (673,239 votes) Tara hollis (D) $43,533 17.88% (182,925 votes) Cary J. Deaton (D) $4,689 4.89% (50,071 votes) Ivo “Trey” Roberts (D) $150 3.25% (33,280 votes) David Blanchard (N) $2,473 2.61% (26,705 votes) Niki Bird Papazoglakis (D) $6,052 2.14% (21,885 votes)

2007 Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal (R) $13,815,998 53.88% (699,275 votes) Walter J. Boasso (D) $7,098,030 17.45% (226,476 votes) John Georges (N) $12,655,089 14.38% (186,682 votes) (D) $1,706,621 12.46% (161,665 votes)

2006 Louisiana u.S. house Bobby Jindal (R) $2,976,546 88.10% (130,508 votes) David Gereighty (D) $56,383 7.37% (10,919 votes) Stacey Tallitsch (D) $36,702 3.39% (5,025 votes) Peter Beary (L) $5,800 1.13% (1,676 votes)

2004 Louisiana u.S. house Bobby Jindal (R) $ 2,324,704 78.40% (225,708 votes) Roy Armstrong (D) N/A 6.68% (19,266 votes) Vinny Mendoza (D) N/A 4.44% (12,779 votes) Daniel Zimmermann (D) N/A 4.22% (12,135 votes) Jerry Watts (D) N/A 3.49% (10,034 votes) Mike Rogers (R) $4,937 2.77% (7,795 votes)

2003 Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco (D) $4,815,404.61 51.95% (731,358 votes) Bobby Jindal (R) $6,431,133.86 48.05% (676,484 votes) Leadership PAC 949

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Stand up To Washington $49,708 Issues At A Glance Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 950 Opposes abortion exceptions in cases of rape, incest, and life of the mother . . . . YES 951 Opposes same-sex marriage ...... YES 952 Supports Medicare vouchers ...... YES 953 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 954 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 955 What To Watch • After his widely panned State of the Union response, can Jindal build him- self into a respected national figure in time for the 2016 Republican primary? • Given that Jindal is one of the most unpopular politicians in the country, can his campaign even get off the ground? • how will Jindal sell his record as governor – unpopular cuts to funding for higher education and health care – to a broader electorate as a qualifica- tion for holding higher office? • how will Jindal defend his flip-flop on Common Core? • Will Jindal be able to successfully transition from chiding Republicans for be- ing the “party of stupid” to attempting to woo the conservative base?

BOBBY JINDAL 101 MIKE PENCE Indiana Governor Mike Pence has been viewed by some as a potential dark horse in the Republican presidential primary in 2016. Prior to his election as governor, Pence spent more than a decade serving in Congress, where he drove a conservative agenda focused on social issues. In the 1990s, Pence hosted his own local conservative show, described as a lighter ver- sion of Rush Limbaugh.

PHOTO CREDIT: KATHERINE RUDDY

Biographical Information NAME WEALTH Michael Richard Pence $59,021-$364,000 in reported BORN assets in 2011961 (disclosure of June 7, 1959, investments not required under Columbus, IN 956 Indiana law) HOMETOWN CAREER Columbus, IN 957 Governor, State of Indiana 962 EDUCATION (2013-Present) Bachelor of Arts, hanover Member, u.S. house of Repre- 963 College, (1981) 958 sentatives (2001-2013) Juris Doctor, Indiana university President, Indiana Policy Re- School of Law (1986) 959 view Foundation (1991-1993) 964 FAMILY Host, Radio Program: “The Mike 965 Wife: Karen Pence; Pence Show” (1992-1999) Children: Michael, Jr., Charlotte, Attorney, Self employed, Pri- and Audrey960 vate Law Practice (1986-1990) 966

102 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights EARLY CAREER After graduating from hanover College in 1981, Mike Pence began work- ing as an admissions counselor at hanover before attending law school. From 1986 to 1990, Pence worked as an attorney in private practice.967 his fi rst foray into politics was in 1988 when he ran for Congress but lost to Democrat Phil Sharp, 59-40.968 undeterred, Pence ran again in 1990, once again losing to Sharp, 53-46.969 After his second failed attempt, Pence became president of the Indiana Foundation, where he wrote about his failed congressional campaigns in an article entitled, “Confessions of a Negative Campaigner.” 970 In 1995, Pence became a television host for a Sunday talk show in In- dianapolis called “The Mike Pence Show.” According to The Washington Post, “In conversation, Pence is known for a soft and smooth Midwest- ern patter, honed during his years as host of ‘The Mike Pence Show,’ a 1990s talk-radio program in Indiana that Pence has described as ‘Rush Limbaugh on decaf.’” 971 Pence ran for Congress for a third time in 2000 and fi nally won the seat he coveted. Pence represented Indiana in the u.S. house from 2001 to 2013.972 CONGRESSIONAL TENURE While serving in Congress, Pence supported an extreme conservative agenda focused on social issues. The labeled him “a hard-charging conservative congressman,” who was “an early member of the house Tea Party Caucus.” 973 In 2006, Pence voted to amend the Con- stitution to defi ne marriage as between a man and a woman.974 In 2011,

PENCE AT A TEA PARTY RALLY ON MARCH 31, 2011. PHOTO CREDIT: MARK TAYLOR.

MIKe PeNCe 103 Pence cosponsored the Life at Conception Act, a personhood bill that could ban certain types of birth control.975 In 2012, Pence cosponsored a 20-week abortion ban in the District of Columbia, with no exceptions for cases of rape or incest.976 TURNPIKE PRIVATIZATION As governor-elect in 2012, Pence pledged to continue privatizing Indi- ana’s highway systems.977 Pence began by privatizing Indiana’s toll roads, bridges and expressways using available funds from the state, however, he proceeded without first conducting toll forecasts to determine poten- tial revenue.978 In March 2013, Pence finalized a deal that required Indi- ana to pay a private firm as much as $2 billion over 30 years to build and operate the toll road, regardless of toll revenue generated. According to the Courier-Journal, “unlike the lease of the Indiana Toll Road, which pumped billions of dollars into state coffers, this deal puts Indiana on the hook for as much as $2 billion over three decades in pay- ments to a consortium that will design, build and operate the eastern span and surrounding roads.” 979 Pence has said that using state funds

“Unlike the lease of the Indiana Toll Road, which pumped billions of dollars into state coffers, this deal puts Indiana on the hook for as much as $2 billion over three decades in payments to a con- sortium that will design, build and operate the eastern span and surrounding roads.” MARCUS GREEN, THE COURIER-JOURNAL APRIL 12, 2013 979 instead of toll revenues to back these payments was “appropriate,” 980 and he continues to push privatization proposals including a $1.3 billion Illiana expressway toll road project in conjunction with .981 Critics of the project have called it “too risky” and “unneeded.” 982 In the meantime, the company operating the Indiana Toll Road declared bankruptcy after traffic volume fell short of predictions.983 EXTREME STATEMENTS Pence has made a number of extreme comments over the years that could come up again should he run for president. In a closed-door meet- ing in 2012, Pence compared the Supreme Court’s ruling to uphold the Affordable Care Act to the 9/11 terror attacks.984 Pence also thanked a

104 2016 SCOUTING REPORT In a closed-door meeting in 2012, Pence com- pared the Supreme Court’s ruling to uphold the Affordable Care Act to the 9/11 terror attacks.984

woman at a town hall meeting for comparing President Obama to Adolf hitler.985 The woman said President Obama wanted members of Con- gress to be treated as a “superior race.” She went on to say, “You know who came up with the terminology of a superior race. It sounds a bit like hitler.” During the applause following the woman’s comments, Pence thanked her for her comment.986 PROBLEMS WITH THE BASE Despite focusing his career on conservative social issues, Pence’s record has still garnered him problems with the Republican base, including his work to expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act and his support for allowing states to define marriage. When Pence decided to seek an alternate plan to expand Indiana’s Medicaid program, Tea Partiers ac- cused him of abandoning them on a core issue.987 After the Supreme Court deemed Indiana’s ban on same-sex marriage unconstitutional, Pence said Indiana would comply with the ruling.988 Career Statistics 989

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2012 Indiana Governor Mike Pence (R) $14,822,182 49.49% (1,275,424 votes) John R. Gregg (D) $6,457,468 46.56% (1,200,016 votes) (L) $77,240 3.95% (101,868 votes)

2010 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) $2,684,316 66.57% (126,027 votes) Barry Welsh (D) $115 29.92% (56,647 votes) T.J. Thompson (L) $0 3.5% (6,635 votes)

2008 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) $1,612,797 63.95% (180,608 votes) Barry Welsh (D) $23,625 33.38% (94,265 votes) George holland (L) $0 2.67% (7,539 votes)

2006 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) $1,535,469 60.01% (115,266 votes) Barry Welsh (D) $60,263 39.99% (76,812 votes)

2004 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) $1,189,141 67.1% (182,529 votes) Melina Ann Fox (D) $48,626 31.29% (85,123 votes) Chad Roots (L) $0 1.62% (4,397 votes)

2002 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) $1,225,879 63.79% (118,436 votes) Melina Ann Fox (D) $346,305 34.4% (63,871 votes)

2000 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) $1,109,633 50.87% (106,023 votes) Robert W. Rock (D) $364,095 38.81% (80,885 votes) William Frazier (I) $399,470 9.15% (19,077 votes) Michael Anderson (L) N/A 1.08% (2,422 votes)

1990 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) N/A 40.63% (63,980 votes) Philip Sharp (D) N/A 59.37% (93,495 votes)

1988 Indiana u.S. house Mike Pence (R) N/A 46.8% (102,846 votes) Philip Sharp (D) N/A 53.2% (116,915 votes)

MIKe PeNCe 105 Leadership PAC 990

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Win Back America PAC $5,305

2012 Win Back America PAC $56,781

2010 Win Back America PAC $630,173

2008 Win Back America PAC (formerly Principles exalt a Nation PAC) $249,987

2006 Win Back America PAC (formerly Principles exalt a Nation PAC) $190,211

2004 Win Back America PAC (formerly Principles exalt a Nation PAC) $73,147

2002 Win Back America PAC (formerly Principles exalt a Nation PAC) $10,600 Issues At A Glance Supports a 20-week abortion ban ...... YES 991 Supports eliminating federal funding for Planned Parenthood . . YES 992 Supports personhood legislation ...... YES 993 Supported the Supreme Court’s Citizens United ruling . . . . . YES 994 Opposes same-sex marriage ...... YES 995 Supports a full repeal of the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 996 What To Watch • Will Mike Pence be the of the 2016 election – policy forward but unable to build sufficient support to last through the primary?

106 2016 SCOUTING REPORT SUSANA MARTINEZ Susana Martinez is the current governor of New Mexico. She served as a local prosecutor for more than two decades before being elected governor in the Tea Party wave of 2010. During her prosecutorial career, Martinez earned a reputation for her handling of sensitive and tough cases, raising her profi le in the state. Similarly, her status as the fi rst female Hispanic governor of New Mexico has helped fuel her rise to the national stage. As governor, Martinez has imple- mented controversial immigration policies and has been criticized for using taxpayer funds for personal luxuries, including a home gym renovation and a high-end coff ee maker for the governor’s mansion. The state’s economy stagnated during her fi rst term.

PHOTO CREDIT: STEVE TERRELL Biographical Information

NAME WEALTH Susana M. Martinez Disclosure not required under BORN New Mexico law July 14, 1959, el Paso, TX 997 CAREER HOMETOWN Las Cruces, NM 998 Governor, State of New Mexico (2011-Present)1001 EDUCATION university of District Attorney, Doña Ana Bachelor of Arts, 1002 Texas, el Paso (1981) County (1997-2011) Juris Doctor, university of Attorney, New Mexico Child Oklahoma (1986) 999 Youth And Families Department 1003 FAMILY (1993-1996) husband: Charles Franco; Assistant District Attorney, Children: Carlo1000 Doña Ana County (1986-1992)1004

SuSANA MARTINeZ 107 SUSANA MARTINEZ AS A YOUNG PROSECUTOR. PHOTO CREDIT: SUSANAMARTINEZ.COM

Career Highlights EARLY CAMPAIGNS Martinez served as the assistant district attorney in Doña Ana County and then as a special prosecuting attorney for New Mexico’s Child Youth and Families Department before running for the post of district attorney for New Mexico’s 3rd judicial district in 1996.1005 She ran as a Republican after switching parties in 1995, claiming the switch was for ideological reasons and not political ones.1006 Martinez was one of the fi rst female DAs elected in the state – she and two other women were elected to DA posts that year.1007 When Martinez ran for reelection in 2000, she was unopposed in the Republican primary and went on to win in the general election with 51 percent of the vote.1008 That year, she was approached to run for New Mexico Republican State Party Chairman but declined, citing family reasons.1009 In 2004, Martinez handily won reelection with 58 percent of the vote.1010 Martinez ran uncontested in 2008, and upon being elected governor in 2010, MARTINEZ IN named veteran prosecutor Amy Orlando to be HIGH SCHOOL. her successor.1011

108 2016 SCOuTING RePORT DISTRICT ATTORNEY TENURE Several controversies marked Martinez’s tenure as district attorney. Dur- ing her 2000 and 2004 campaigns, opponents accused Martinez of be- ing dishonest about the conviction rate her office achieved.1012 Martinez claimed a 95 percent conviction rate, while opponents alleged that she had actually only secured about half the number of convictions. her con- viction rate had also been questioned in 1998.1013 That year, Martinez faced local criticism for her handling of five drunken driving cases, where she filed charges that were eventually dropped after trials were not scheduled for the case in a timely manner. In the result- ing controversy, Martinez blamed the magistrate court for being short- staffed and not prioritizing the cases,1014 while her opponents castigated her for placing the blame on “everyone but herself.” 1015 In 2004, Martinez bragged that her office did not offer plea bargains for DWI charges,1016

In 2004, Martinez bragged that her office did not offer plea bargains for DWI charges,1016 but records show that more than 1,000 DWI cases were convict- ed on plea bargains from 2000-2009,1017 with at least 800 cases settled in this manner since 2004.1018

but records show that more than 1,000 DWI cases were in fact convicted on plea bargains from 2000-2009,1017 with at least 800 cases settled in this manner since 2004.1018 USE OF TAXPAYER FUNDS Martinez ran for governor in 2010 and won with 54 percent of the vote.1019 She ran against political corruption but her legacy of misusing taxpayer funds for personal benefit has followed her from the district attorney’s office to the governor’s mansion. During her time in Doña Ana County, Martinez spent $100,000 of public money on five new vehicles, including luxury SuVs and others that were used by her prosecutors, making it the only office in the state to do so.1020 She also spent $22,000 on office furniture and $10,000 to hold an employee training session at a luxury resort in remote Ruidoso, when previous trainings were held locally in Albuquerque.1021 Shortly after Martinez was elected governor, her husband went on a hunting trip to Louisiana with two state police officers who regularly pro- vided security for the couple. The officers were paid to guard Martinez’s husband on the trip, with taxpayers footing more than $1,800 of the bill

SuSANA MARTINeZ 109 SCREENSHOT FROM COVERAGE OF MARTINEZ’S TAXPAYER-FUNDED GYM RENOVATIONS.

for their salary, overtime, and expenses.1022 Public records show that New Mexico taxpayers paid more than $27,000 for out-of-state fundrais- ing trips taken by Martinez, with the governor once using the state heli- copter to get her to Albuquerque in time to make a fl ight to a Republican National Committee fundraiser in neighboring Texas.1023 Taxpayers also paid for upgrades to the governor’s mansion under Mar- tinez, including a $100,000 kitchen upgrade, a luxury coff ee maker, and home gym renovations.1024 Private donations were eventually sought to cover the expense of the coff ee maker, but Martinez defended the $2,300 gym renovation, claiming it was necessity because too many peo- ple “want to talk and visit” with her at a public gym.1025 “FORCIBLE RAPE” PROCLAMATION In the fall of 2012, while Republican offi cials across the country were facing criticism for their support of policies or comments involving the concept of “legitimate rape,” it came to light that Martinez had signed an executive order proclaiming that 15,000 of New Mexico’s adults were victims of “forcible rape.” 1026 Although her administration moved to de- lete the phrase from a pending proposal before New Mexico’s Children, Youth and Families Department, critics pointed to her signature on the proclamation as her endorsement of a legal concept based around “forc- ible” or “legitimate” rape.1027 her 2010 gubernatorial campaign had also received a $20,000 donation from , whose controver- sial comments on rape prompted the Martinez campaign to donate the funds to a local rape crisis center.1028 ECONOMIC RECORD New Mexico’s economy remained stagnant during Martinez’s fi rst term, with total underemployment climbing from 14 percent before she took

110 2016 SCOuTING RePORT offi ce to 15.6 percent in 2011.1029 It has since returned to 14.1 percent as of year-end 2013.1030 New Mexico ranks fourteenth on a list of states with the highest unemployment rates,1031 and job losses have plagued Martinez’s tenure, with the state posting the worst losses in the country in early 2013.1032 In 2013, Business Journals ranked Martinez 43rd out of 45 governors for job creation since she took offi ce in 2011.1033 IMMIGRATION POLICY During her gubernatorial campaign, Martinez vowed to repeal a New Mexico policy allowing undocumented immigrants to obtain driver’s licenses.1034 One of her fi rst acts as governor was an executive order she signed in February 2011 requiring police to ask suspects about their immigration status.1035 Martinez also opposes the DReAM Act.1036 Despite her consistent railing against undocumented immigrants, Martinez once

Despite her consistent railing against undocu- mented immigrants, Martinez once claimed that her paternal grandparents had come to this country “without documents.” 1037 claimed that her paternal grandparents had come to this country “with- out documents.” 1037 She later backtracked on that claim, as her grandpar- ents had actually legally emigrated to the u.S. from Mexico in 1915.1038 TRANSPARENCY Despite castigating her predecessor for alleged corruption, Martinez’s administration has faced transparency issues of its own. The Santa Fe Reporter fi led a lawsuit accusing Martinez of asking law enforcement to withhold police reports in the shooting of Michael Guest,1039 a New Mexico man who was shot and killed by police in Anthony, New Mexico, in 1999 after barricading himself in his home with a rifl e.1040 The lawsuit alleged that Martinez behaved unconstitutionally in “retaliating” against the news outlet and that she violated public records laws by suppressing the police reports.1041 Martinez’s offi ce has also been accused of providing the news media with incomplete, inaccurate travel schedules, prompting the Associated Press to join the lawsuit against Martinez.1042 CAMPAIGN INVESTIGATION Martinez’s fi rst gubernatorial campaign routinely looked up the license plate numbers of perceived opponents and opposition trackers, rely- ing on an investigator in Martinez’s district attorney’s offi ce to run the checks.1043 In September 2014, an investigation into Martinez’s license

SuSANA MARTINeZ 111 plate inquiries revealed that internal emails on it “had been ‘deleted and/ or removed’ during the period when the office was briefly run by [Amy] Orlando, Martinez’s onetime deputy.” 1044 In addition, hard drives were missing and “investigators noted that all emails in the DA’s office were supposed to be backed up by a ‘special tape drive’ in the office, but the back-up tapes were ‘blank and appear to have been erased.’” 1045 RECORDINGS In early 2014, recordings surfaced that depicted Martinez as being vindic- tive, petty and profane. Martinez used phrases like “that little bitch” to re- fer to her Democratic opponent, Diane Denish, while using even coarser language to describe the Albuquerque Chamber of Commerce after it presented Denish with an award.1046 her staff used similarly profane, sex- ist language to refer to members of the New Mexico state legislature.1047 Martinez also made strong comments implying that teachers make too much money, despite having praised them publicly.1048 Career Statistics 1049

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2010 New Mexico Governor Susana Martinez (R) $7,443,602 53.29% (321,219 votes) General Diane Denish (D) $6,169,539 46.55% (280,614 votes)

2008 New Mexico District Attorney, Susana Martinez (R) Records Purged 100% (45,098 votes) General 3rd Judicial District (unopposed)

2004 New Mexico District Attorney, Susana Martinez (R) Records Purged 57.63% (34,838 votes) General 3rd Judicial District G. Greg Valdez (D) Records Purged 42.37% (25,613 votes)

2000 New Mexico District Attorney, Susana Martinez (R) Records Purged 51.35% (23,300 votes) General 3rd Judicial District Kent e. Yalkut (D) Records Purged 48.65% (22,078 votes)

1996 New Mexico District Attorney, Susana Martinez (R) Records Purged 59% (24,672 votes) 3rd Judicial District G. Greg Valdez (D) Records Purged 41% (17,167 votes) Issues At A Glance Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 1050 Opposes marriage equality ...... YES 1051 Opposes the DREAM Act ...... YES 1052 Supports voter ID ...... YES 1053 Opposes Common Core ...... NO 1054 Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... NO 1055 What To Watch • Will Martinez’s ethical scandals and her penchant for misrep- resenting her record derail her presidential aspirations before she even gets off the ground?

112 2016 SCOUTING REPORT TED CRUZ Ted Cruz is a controversial Tea Party senator from Texas. He took offi ce in 2012 and is most widely known for his outspoken opposition to the Aff ordable Care Act and support for the shutdown of the federal government in 2013. Prior to his tenure in political offi ce, Cruz had an extensive and prominent legal career, and has been renowned as an impressive debater.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Rafael edward “Ted” Cruz Member, u.S. Senate, Texas (2013-Present)1061 BORN Partner, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP (2008- December 22, 1970, 2012) Calgary, Canada1056 Adjunct Professor, university of Texas Law HOMETOWN School (2004-2009) , TX1057 Solicitor General, State of Texas (2003-2008) Director of the Offi ce of Policy Planning, EDUCATION Federal Trade Commission (2001-2003) Bachelor of Arts, Princeton Associate Deputy Attorney General, U.S. 1058 university, 1992 Department of Justice (2001) Juris Doctor, harvard Law Department of Justice Coordinator, Bush- School, 1995 Cheney Transition Team (2000-2001) FAMILY Domestic Policy Advisor, Bush-Cheney 2000 Wife: heidi Suzanne Nelson; (1999-2000)1062 Children: Caroline and Cath- Associate, Cooper Carvin & Rosenthal (1997- erine1059 1999)1063 WEALTH Clerk, Chief Justice William h. Rehnquist (1996- $1,913,037-$4,670,000 in 1997)1064 reported assets in 20131060 Clerk, Judge J. Michael Luttig (1995-1996)1065

TeD CRuZ 113 CRUZ TALLIES ELECTION RESULTS AT HARVARD LAW IN 1994. PHOTO CREDIT: BOSTON GLOBE.

Career Highlights DEBATER As a member of the American Parliamentary Debate Association in col- lege, Cruz had a long history of clear and decisive debate victories. he was named the top college debater in 1992,1066 the same year his debate team won the Association’s Team of the Year award.1067 NBC News re- ferred to Cruz as a “champion debater,” and has de- scribed him as having “developed a reputation as a quick-witted national debate champion.” 1068 Cruz’s oratorical prowess has led to several pas- sionate fl oor speeches in the Senate, including a 21-hour speech in op- position to the Aff ordable Care Act in 2013.1069 SOLICITOR GENERAL TENURE From 2003 to 2008, Cruz held the post of Texas solicitor general after being ap- pointed by then-Texas Attorney General ,1070 who was elected gov- ernor in November 2014.1071 Cruz, who was the state’s fi rst hispanic solicitor general,1072 served longer than any other Texas solicitor general in history1073 and in 2012, Abbott bragged about Cruz’s work in the role to reporters.1074 According to the Washington Post, as so- CRUZ AT PRINCETON IN 1992. licitor general, Cruz “was involved in nu-

114 2016 SCOuTING RePORT merous high-profile cases, including defending the Ten Commandments monument on the Texas State Capitol grounds” and “the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools.” 1075 he has touted his defense that the term “under God” remain in the Texas Pledge of Allegiance.1076 In 2003, Cruz aggressively defended the state’s Republican-led redistrict- ing plan, which he described as an appropriate response to previous Democratic redistricting efforts in the early 1990s. That Republican effort removed 100,000 Mexican-American residents from a district in which the incumbent Republican Congressman had become vulnerable, and created a new “Latino-majority district” near the Mexican border.1077 SUPREME COURT CASES Beginning with his “near-perfect LSAT score,” 1078 Cruz has had an im- pressive legal career in both the public and private sectors. The reported that Cruz “argued before the u.S. Supreme Court nine times – more than most living lawyers.” 1079 Those cases covered a wide range of issues, from arguing that Texas should be allowed to execute the mentally ill,1080 to arguing against “forc[ing] Texas to meet its Medic- aid program obligations to provide annual wellness and dental checks for poor children,” 1081 to leading the team responsible for writing the brief in the Ten Commandments monument case, although Cruz did not make oral arguments in that case.1082 Perhaps most notable is Cruz’s work in the Medellin v. Texas case, “in which the state fought the Bush administra- tion over the execution of a Mexican citizen.” Cruz has stated that he is proudest of his work in this case.1083 PRIVATE PRACTICE After announcing his run for u.S. Senate, Cruz was involved in at least 14 different legal cases, earning $2.57 million while also running for of- fice.1084 In one case, Cruz defended a Chinese firm that was found liable

After announcing his run for U.S. Senate, Cruz was involved in at least 14 different legal cases, earning $2.57 million while also running for office.1084

for theft – the company stole blueprints from an American inventor to counterfeit his product.1085 In another case, Cruz de- fended a pharmaceutical company that fired an employee for refusing to market a product for non-approved uses.1086 Cruz also defended Robert Mericle, who pleaded guilty to bribing two judges to give minors harsher sentences to ensure occupancy at his juvenile detention center.1087

TeD CRuZ 115 CRUZ PREPARES TO READ DR. SEUSS’S GREEN EGGS & HAM DURING HIS 21-HOUR FLOOR SPEECH OPPOSING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT IN SEPT. 2013.

GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN even before winning his seat in the Senate, Cruz was called an “obstruc- tionist” by the houston Chronicle editorial board.1088 Shortly after he was sworn into office in January 2013, Cruz began talking about a shutdown as a means to force drastic cuts to federal spending.1089 As the New York Times reported, Cruz was on the losing side of his first eleven votes in the Senate, votes his spokesperson said Cruz was “proud of” casting.1090 By July of that year, Cruz adopted his shutdown stance full bore, proclaim- ing that conservatives should shut down the federal government if the Affordable Care Act were not fully defunded.1091 Cruz quickly “emerged as the most ardent defender” of this anti-Affordable Care Act tactic,1092 and spoke for 21 hours on the Senate floor as part of his effort.1093 At the last hour, however, after whipping votes for opposition to any spending bill that did not defund the health care law,1094 Cruz voted for a spending plan to avoid a government shutdown.1095 Despite this vote, Cruz’s ac- tions led to the government shutting down for the first time since 1996

“Cruz has vowed to make waves and join with a rump group of tea party senators committed to behave as obstructionists and naysayers.” HOUSTON CHRONICLE EDITORIAL BOARD JuLY 13, 20121088

116 2016 SCOUTING REPORT and he “faced a barrage of hostile questions… from angry GOP senators, who lashed the Texas tea party freshman for helping prompt a govern- ment shutdown crisis without a strategy to end it.” 1096 After the shutdown ended, Cruz continued to defend his actions,1097 even claiming that his eff orts contributed to the Republican Party’s advantage in the 2014 midterm elections.1098 Approaching the midterms, Cruz re- fused to promise to support then Senate Minority Leader Mitch McCon- nell as party leader in the next Congress, hinting at divisions between Senate Republicans that could play out in 2015.1099 RAFAEL CRUZ Ted Cruz’s father, Rafael Cruz, served as a key political surrogate dur- ing his son’s 2012 campaign and was reimbursed by the campaign for travel expenses totaling more than $16,000.1100 A highly visible face of Cruz’s operation, Rafael Cruz was routinely dispatched to events across the state by the campaign, where he cited his own story of immigration as an argument against immigration reform.1101 Rafael Cruz has a history of infl ammatory statements, such as when he said “the average black does not” understand that the minimum wage is bad,1102 and when he compared President Obama to Fidel Castro,1103 Stalin, and Mao.1104 Further, in a 2013 speech to the Family Leadership Summit, Rafael Cruz claimed that gay marriage is a government con- spiracy meant to “destroy the family.” 1105 he also proclaimed that men, not women, are the spiritual leaders of their families, and that President Obama should be sent “back to Kenya.” 1106

TED CRUZ’S CONTROVERSIAL FATHER, RAFAEL CRUZ. PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE.

TeD CRuZ 117 Career Statistics 1107

Election State Offi ce Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2012 Texas u.S. Senate Ted Cruz (R) $13,259,645 56.5% (4,440,137 votes) Paul Sadler (D) $677,247 40.6% (3,194,927 votes) John Jay Myers (L) $14,887 2.1% (162,354 votes) David Collins (G) N/A 0.9% (67,404 votes) Leadership PAC 1108

Year Leadership PAC Total Raised

2014 Jobs, Growth & Freedom Fund $1,277,414

2012 Jobs, Growth & Freedom Fund $0 Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion in cases of rape or incest ...... YES 1109 Denies human-caused climate change ...... YES 1110 Opposes universal background checks on gun purchases . . . YES 1111 Opposes marriage equality ...... YES 1112 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 1113 Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 1114 Opposes the Aff ordable Care Act ...... YES 1115 What To Watch • What role will Cruz’s father play in his campaign? Will he remain on the campaign’s payroll? Will Cruz have to publicly disavow any of his father’s past statements during the primary campaign? • Will Cruz’s prior Canadian citizenship cause him problems among so-called “birthers” in the Republican base who questioned President Obama’s citizenship? • Is Cruz running to actually win the presidency or is this just an attempt to drive Republicans in Congress and in the primary fi eld to the right?

118 2016 SCOuTING RePORT ROB PORTMAN Rob Portman is the junior U.S. Senator from Ohio and a longtime confi dant of the Bush family, having begun his political career working for then-Vice President George H.W. Bush in his fi rst job after graduating from college. Portman served in the U.S. House of Representa- tives for several terms before being appointed as U.S. Trade Representative by George W. Bush. He then served as Bush’s Director of the Offi ce of Management and Budget before sub- sequently winning election to the U.S. Senate, where he has served since 2011. Portman is considered a master of presidential debates, helping train George W. Bush, John McCain, and Mitt Romney.

PHOTO CREDIT: JIM GILLOOLY

Biographical Information

NAME CAREER Robert Jones Portman Member, u.S. Senate, Ohio (2011-Present) BORN Director, White house Offi ce of Manage- December 19, 1955, ment and Budget (2006-2007) 1116 Cincinnati, Oh U.S. Trade Representative (2005-2006) HOMETOWN Member, u.S. house of Representatives Terrace Park, Oh1117 (1993-2005) EDUCATION Attorney, Graydon, head, and Ritchey (1993) Bachelor of Arts, Dartmouth College (1978) Legislative Aff airs Director, White house Juris Doctor, university of Michi- (1989-1991) gan (1984)1118 Associate Counsel, White house (1989)1121 FAMILY Trade Attorney, Patton, Boggs & Blow 1122 Wife: Jane Dudley Portman; (1984-1986) 1119 Children: Sally, Jed, and William BOOKS AUTHORED WEALTH Wisdom’s Paradise: The Forgotten Shak- $8,599,121-$25,137,000 in ers Of Union Village (co-author Cheryl Bauer) reported assets in 20131120 (2004)

ROB PORTMAN 119 Career Highlights LEGAL CAREER After graduating from the university of Michigan law school in 1984, Port- man became a trade attorney at Patton, Boggs & Blow in Washington, D.C., a top lobbying firm.1123 Shortly thereafter, in 1985, he registered as a foreign agent to lobby on behalf of a number of Patton Boggs’ for- eign clients, including the Republic of haiti.1124 Meanwhile, haiti was one of the poorest nations in the Western hemisphere, with most haitians illiterate and unemployed under the brutal of Jean-Claude Duvalier.1125 Portman and at least one Patton Boggs managing director have denied Portman performed lobbying work for haiti and that his registration on behalf of the government was routine as it “makes it possible to do work” for clients.1126 CONGRESSIONAL TENURE Portman spent twelve years in the house of Representatives. he voted to impeach President Bill Clinton in 1998,1127 and he supported the Bush tax cuts, saying they were responsible for “getting the economy back on track.” 1128 During President George W. Bush’s first term, Portman was the

Portman voted to impeach President Bill Clinton in 1998,1127 and he supported the Bush tax cuts, saying they were responsible for “getting the economy back on track.” 1128 administration’s “man in the house,” according to the New York Times.1129 Portman enjoyed a close relationship with top administration officials and according to his hometown paper, the Cincinnati enquirer, he could reach just about any top Bush official on the phone – one reason that then-Speaker Dennis hastert appointed him to be the Republican leader- ship’s official liaison to the White house.1130 U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE Portman resigned from the u.S. house in 2005 to serve as u.S. Trade Rep- resentative (uSTR) in George W. Bush’s administration. During his time as uSTR, the country’s trade deficit with China increased by 21 percent.1131 Portman also played a critical role in winning over support for the Central American Agreement (CAFTA), using his position as uSTR and his house connections to “quarterback” the effort.1132 The president of the u.S. Chamber of Commerce stated that Portman was the “only rea-

120 2016 SCOUTING REPORT MARCH 2005: PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH NOMINATES THEN-REP. ROB PORTMAN TO SERVE AS U.S. TRADE REPRESENATIVE. PHOTO CREDIT: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS.

son” the CAFTA deal secured house approval.1133 Portman emphasized that he believed CAFTA, and free trade writ large, is not about exports but actually about jobs, and he touted his belief that CAFTA would lead to a trade surplus.1134 International labor organizations and several members of Congress argued that CAFTA fell short of international labor standards and put American workers at a competitive disadvantage.1135 OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET Following his time as uSTR, Portman served as director of the Offi ce of Management and Budget (OMB) during George W. Bush’s second term. When appointed to the post, Portman pledged to work toward a goal of defi cit reduction. The national debt increased by $500 million, however, during his time as OMB director.1136 At OMB, Portman was an integral part of the budget process for fi scal year 2008. In a document produced by OMB shortly before Portman left his post, the agency projected the FY 2008 defi cit to be $258 billion, a 60% increase over the FY 2007 defi cit.1137 In 2007, one year before the economic crash that led to the Great Reces- sion, then-OMB Director Portman said he did not think the sub-prime mortgage crisis would have “a real world impact on our economy.” 1138 ELECTION TO U.S. SENATE When Portman ran for Senate in 2010, he did not face any other Repub- licans in the primary. his campaign signifi cantly outraised and outspent his general election opponent, resulting in Portman handily winning with 58 percent of the vote.1139

ROB PORTMAN 121 PROBLEMS WITH THE BASE Since his election to the Senate, Portman has taken stances on key social issues that are fl ashpoints with conservative base voters. his announcement of sup- port in 2013 for same sex marriage is the most prominent example.1140 The move was met with a swift drop in his approval ratings among Republicans.1141 In addition to supporting marriage equality, Portman joined with six other Republican sena- tors to vote in favor of the employment Non-Discrimination Act in 2013.1142 On im- migration, the only reason Portman did not support comprehensive reform is be- PORTMAN IN HIGH SCHOOL. cause his amendment to improve e-Verify provisions did not make it into the bill.1143 Portman’s position on abortion is also controversial to some conserva- tives, as he favors exceptions in the event of rape or incest.1144 DEBATE EXPERTISE Portman is an articulate surrogate and a deft debater who has served as a debate coach for the presidential campaigns of George W. Bush, John McCain, and Mitt Romney.1145 According to CNN, Portman is the GOP’s “go-to” debate partner for mock presidential debates, with a reputation for being extremely hard on candidates in his role play, so much so that Cindy McCain reportedly left the room in tears while he was grilling John McCain in 2008.1146 BUSH FAMILY TIES Portman’s fi rst job out of college was as an advance staff er for then-Vice President George h.W. Bush, and his relationship with the Bush family has only grown in the decades since. he is known for his loyalty to the family, with numerous headlines from his service in George W. Bush’s administration noting that is he a “confi dant,” “faithful supporter” and “friend” of the family. Beyond his loyalty and friendship, Portman said that he shared President Bush’s “vision” for the country and played a cru- cial role in the Bush “brain trust” during both the 2000 and 2004 presi- dential campaigns.1147

Beyond his loyalty and friendship, Portman said he shared President Bush’s “vision” for the country.1147

122 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Statistics 1148

Election State Office Candidates Total Raised Final Vote Count

2010 Ohio u.S. Senate Rob Portman (R) $16,540,629 57% (2,125,555 votes) Lee Irwin Fisher (D) $6,391,470 39% (1,447,848 votes)

2004 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) $1,513,132 72% (227,102 votes) Charles W. Sanders (D) $16,264 28% (89,598 votes)

2002 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) $1,299,911 74% (136,523 votes) Charles Sanders (D) $16,839 26% (47,618 votes)

2000 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) $675,656 74% (204,184 votes) Charles Sanders (D) $12,483 23% (64,091 votes)

1998 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) N/A 75.8% (154,344 votes) Charles Sanders (D) N/A 24.2% (49,293 votes)

1996 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) N/A 72% (186,853 votes) Thomas Chandler (D) N/A 22.6% (58,715 votes)

1994 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) N/A 77.4% (150,128 votes) Les Mann (D) N/A 22.6% (43,730 votes)

1993 Ohio u.S. house Rob Portman (R) N/A 70.1% (53,020 votes) Lee hornberger (D) N/A 29.9% (22,652 votes) Issues At A Glance Opposes universal background checks on guns ...... YES 1149 Opposes equal pay legislation ...... YES 1150 Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 1151 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 1152 Opposes marriage equality ...... NO 1153 Opposed the auto rescue ...... YES 1154 What To Watch • Will Portman be able to run on his service in George W. Bush’s administration given its disastrous economic record? • Will Portman stand by his support for free trade agreements that Mitt Romney and others used to outsource American jobs?

ROB PORTMAN 123 JOHN BOLTON John Bolton is a lawyer who served in the administrations of Presidents Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and George W. Bush. He is known for being an ardent hawk on matters of national security and opposing international alliances. Bolton has an aggressive demeanor and has reportedly off ended several U.S. and foreign offi cials through- out his career.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME CAREER John Robert Bolton III Counsel, Kirkland & ellis (2008-Present)1159 BORN Senior Fellow, American enterprise Institute , 1948, for Public Policy Research (2007-Present)1160 , MD1155 United States Ambassador, united Nations HOMETOWN (2005-2006)1161 Bethesda, MD1156 Under Secretary of State for Arms EDUCATION Control and International Security, U.S. Bachelor of Arts, (1970)1157 Department of State (2001-2005)1162 Juris Doctor, (1974) Senior Vice President, American enterprise FAMILY Institute (1997-2001)1163 Wife: Gretchen Smith Bolton; Of Counsel, Kutak Rock, LLP (1999-2001)1164 Children: Jennifer1158 Assistant Secretary for International WEALTH Organization Aff airs, u.S. Department of No recent disclosure required State (1989-1993)1165 BOOKS AUTHORED Assistant Attorney General, u.S. Depart- How Is Endangering Our Na- ment of Justice (1985-1989)1166 tional (2010) Partner, Covington & Burling (1983-1985)1167 and the Next Administration: Policy Chal- lenges (2009) Various Positions, u.S. Agency for Interna- 1168 Surrender Is Not an Option: Defending America at tional Development (1981-1983) the United Nations (2007) Associate, Covington & Burling (1974- Legislative Veto: Unseparating the Powers (1987) 1981)1169

124 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Career Highlights EARLY CAREER AND FEDERAL SERVICE After graduating from Yale Law School in 1974,1170 Bolton went on to practice law at the firm of Cov- ington & Burling in Washington, D.C., until 19811171 when he joined the Reagan administration as the general counsel for uSAID. he then served as the assistant administrator of program and policy co- ordination from 1982 to 1983, when he returned to Covington & Burling.1172 In 1985, he returned to federal service, serving as assistant attorney gen- eral to and Dick Thornburgh, and then joined the State Department as assistant secretary for the Bureau of International Organizational Affairs under President George h.W. Bush.1173 he served in this role until the Clinton administration began in 1993 and then returned to private practice as a partner at Lerner, Reed, Bolton & McManus through 1999.1174 From 1997 to 2001, Bolton also served as senior vice president of the American enterprise Institute.1175 he then returned to government service in 2001 under President George W. Bush, where he served as under secretary of state for arms control and international security until 2005.1176 Bolton received a wholehearted en- dorsement from his mentor, Senator , and his appointment was confirmed by a vote of 57-43.1177 U.S. AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS Bolton was appointed as the united States’ permanent representative to the united Nations on August 1, 2005. President Bush used a recess ap- pointment to install Bolton rather than proceeding through the Senate confirmation process. According to the New York Times, “Mr. Bush said he was forced to act because the united States had gone for more than six months without an ambassador to the united Nations, which was to convene its General Assembly in September.”1178 Per the Times, Bolton’s

Bolton’s tenure was marked by a “confrontational style,” and his critics attacked him for being an “abrasive proponent of a hardline conservative ideology” whose approach was out sync with the diplomatic norm at the UN.1180

JOhN BOLTON 125 appointment “was the fi rst time since the united Nations’ founding in 1945 that the united States has fi lled that appointment using… a .” 1179 Bolton’s tenure was marked by a “confrontational style” and his critics attacked him for being an “abrasive proponent of a hardline conserva- tive ideology” whose approach was out sync with the diplomatic norm at the uN.1180 Bolton’s recess appointment was set to expire in early 2007. Since his original nomination had “languished in the Senate Foreign Rela- tions Committee for more than a year, blocked by Democrats and several Republicans,” and he was not likely to be confi rmed by the Senate, he stepped down in 2006.1181 INTERNATIONAL LAW While Bolton has served in many international capacities and positions throughout his career, he holds extreme views on international relations, particularly in regard to , Korea, the united Nations, and interna- tional treaties. The Wall Street Journal said “Mr. Bolton made his reputa- tion as a pugnacious opponent of arms-control treaties and a critic of multilateral organizations.” 1182 According to PBS, Bolton said in 1994, “There is no such thing as the u.N. There is an international community that occasionally can be led by the

“ There is no such thing as the U.N. There is an international community that occasionally can be led by the only real power left in the world, and that’s the U.S., when it suits our interest and when we can get others to go along.” JOHN BOLTON PHOTO CREDIT: 1994 1183 GAGE SKIDMORE only real power left in the world, and that’s the u.S., when it suits our interest and when we can get others to go along.” 1183 Bolton claimed the “happiest moment of his government service” was when President Bush renounced the International Criminal Court Treaty, which created an international judicial system to prosecute war criminals and those who commit genocide or other crimes against humanity.1184

126 2016 SCOuTING RePORT DEMEANOR Bolton is known for being brusque and aggressive: he has been accused of abusive behavior and bullying toward staff on multiple occasions, and alienating u.S. diplomats and officials from foreign governments. Specifi- cally, Bolton has been accused of trying to remove intelligence analysts who disagreed with him, and of bullying a former staffer on a trip to Moscow.1185 In 2005, Melody Townsel, a communications consultant for uSAID, alleged that Bolton bullied her for the duration of a two-week trip to Moscow, stating that Bolton “chase[d] me through the halls of a Rus- sian hotel, throwing things at me, shoving threatening letters under my door, and generally behaving like a madman.” 1186 Bolton has also been criticized for his undiplomatic behavior with officials from both the u.S. and other nations.1187 united Nations officials declined to comment on Bolton’s departure,1188 but others, including for- mer Secretary of State , then-Senator , and then- Senator , a Republican from Ohio, expressed concern about Bolton’s harsh treatment of subordinates,1189 his inflammatory rhetoric,1190 and his hard charging reputation.1191 Sen. Voinovich was the most vocal on Bolton’s reputation, telling the New York Times, “If these people really want change in the u.N., why send somebody with John’s baggage to be our ambassador when everybody knows that he will be- come the issue?” 1192 Issues At A Glance Opposes abortion, except in cases of rape, incest, and life of the mother . . YES 1193 Supports same-sex marriage ...... YES 1194 Supports defunding the U.N. High Commissioner for . . YES 1195 Supports u.S. withdrawal from the U.N. Human Rights Council . . . . YES 1196 Supports defunding the U.N. Relief and Works Administration . . . YES 1197 Opposes arms control treaties ...... YES 1198 What To Watch • If he enters the race, as an avowed foreign policy hawk, how will Bolton impact the field in general and Rand Paul in particular?

JOhN BOLTON 127 BEN CARSON Dr. Ben Carson is a nationally recognized pediatric neurosur- geon who has entered the conversation as a presidential contender. His views on women’s issues, health care, and race are particularly controversial.

PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE Biographical Information

NAME WEALTH Benjamin Solon Carson unreported BORN CAREER September 18, 1951, Professor Emeritus, John hopkins School of Medicine 1199 , MI (2013-Present) HOMETOWN Board of Directors, COSTCO Wholesale Corporation West Palm Beach, FL1200 (1999-Present)1203 Various Positions, John hopkins School of Medicine (1978- EDUCATION 2013) Bachelor of Arts, Yale uni- versity, 19731201 BOOKS AUTHORED Medical Doctor, university One Nation: What We Can All Do to Save America’s Future (2014) of Michigan Medical School, America the Beautiful: Rediscovering What Made this Nation 1977 Great (2011) FAMILY Take the Risk: Learning to Identify, Choose, and Live with Ac- Wife: Lacena “Candy” Rustin ceptable Risk (2008) Carson; The Big Picture (2000) Children: Murray, Benjamin, Think Big: Unleashing Your Potential for Excellence (1996) and Rhoeyce1202 Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story (1990)

128 2016 SCOuTING RePORT CARSON CELEBRATES HIS GRADUATION FROM YALE UNIVERSITY IN 1973 WITH HIS MOTHER, SONYA (LEFT), AND WIFE, CANDY (RIGHT). PHOTO CREDIT: ACHIEVEMENT.ORG

Career Highlights MEDICAL CAREER Carson’s medical career is long and impressive: in 1984, he became the youngest person to head a department at Johns hopkins hospital. In 1987, he became the fi rst surgeon in the world to successfully separate twins con- joined at the cranium. he also performed the fi rst successful separation of verti- cally conjoined twins in 1997. Carson is renowned for his use of the cerebral hemispherectomy, a technique in which half the brain is removed to treat intractable seizures and other seri- ous medical issues.1204 he has received more than 40 honorary degrees as well as the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his work.1205 The book Gifted hands: The Ben Carson Story and subsequent fi lm starring Cuba Gooding, Jr. is based on Carson’s life and work.1206

BEN CARSON 129 WOMEN’S ISSUES Carson holds many extreme conservative positions on women’s access to health care. Carson is staunchly pro-life and has equated abortion with the practice of “human sacrifi ce” in ancient civilizations.1207 he supported the Supreme Court’s hobby Lobby ruling,1208 and has suggested that in order to stop abortions, we should “re-educate the women.” 1209 ENTITLEMENT REFORM Carson has taken conservative calls for drastic entitlement reform a step further – he said he would eliminate Medicare and Medicaid entirely under a new health care plan to replace the Aff ordable Care Act.1210

“ Obamacare is really, I think, the worst thing that has happened in this nation since slavery... It is slavery in a way, because it is making all of us subservient to the government.” BEN CARSON PHOTO CREDIT: OCTOBeR 11, 2013 1211 GAGE SKIDMORE

RACE Carson has also made a number of controversial statements on race. he claimed that the Aff ordable Care Act was “the worst thing that has hap- pened in this nation since slavery” and that “it is slavery in a way, because it is making us all subservient to the government.” 1211 Carson specifi cally reaffi rmed that he believed the Aff ordable Care Act was worse than .1212 Additionally, Carson called noted racist and his militia members “upstanding people” 1213 and asserted that he “will be glad when there isn’t a black history month.” 1214 GRASSROOTS FOLLOWING Perhaps no potential Republican candidate for 2016 has grassroots sup- port to match that of Carson. Carson has mustered signifi cant enthusi- asm among the Republican base, and activists are teeming with excite- ment over his likely candidacy. Carson’s supporters have launched the National Ben Carson for President Committee – a PAC formed with the express purpose of raising Carson’s name recognition and persuad- ing him to run. The committee has already raised millions of dollars from more than 100,000 donors.1215

130 2016 SCOuTING RePORT Issues At A Glance Supports eliminating Medicare ...... YES 1216 Supports eliminating Medicaid ...... YES 1217 Opposes Medicaid expansion ...... YES 1218 Opposes universal background checks on guns . . . . . YES 1219 Opposes raising the minimum wage ...... YES 1220 Opposes the Affordable Care Act ...... YES 1221 What To Watch • Will Carson’s early grassroots support make him the favorite for the Iowa straw poll? • As a medical professional, will Carson condemn Rand Paul and Chris Christie’s fear-mongering on Ebola? • As a medical professional, does Ben Carson repudiate Michele Bachmann’s position on vaccines? • Will Carson compare other government programs to slavery?

BEN CARSON 131 PHOTO CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE

132 2016 SCOuTING RePORT MITT ROMNEY 2016?

MITT ROMNeY 133 ENDNOTES

1. CNN. “Chris Christie Fast Facts.” August 28, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/17/ us/chris-christie-fast-facts/ 2. New Jersey Official General election Results. “Chris Christie.” December 4, 2013. http://nj.gov/state/elections/2013-results/2013-official-general-election-re- sults-governor.pdf 3. CNN. “Chris Christie Fast Facts.” August 28, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/17/ us/chris-christie-fast-facts/ 4. CNN. “Chris Christie Fast Facts.” August 28, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/17/ us/chris-christie-fast-facts/ 5. Financial Disclosure Statement for Public employees. “h. Income.” State ethics Com- mission, Chris Christie. Filed May 15, 2014 6. CNN. “Chris Christie Fast Facts.” August 28, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/17/ us/chris-christie-fast-facts/ 7. Financial Disclosure Statement for Public employees. “h. Income.” State ethics Com- mission, Chris Christie. Filed May 15, 2014 8. CNN. “Chris Christie Fast Facts.” August 28, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/17/ us/chris-christie-fast-facts/ 9. CNN. “Chris Christie Fast Facts.” August 28, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/17/ us/chris-christie-fast-facts/ 10. Wall Street Journal. “Law Firm With Ties to Christie Did Work for Port Authority.” July 2, 2014. online.wsj.com/articles/law-firm-with-ties-to-christie-did-work-for-port- authority-1404348794 11. encyclopedia Britannica. “Chris Christie.” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://www. britannica.com/eBchecked/topic/1751341/Chris-Christie 12. Daily Kos. “Christie has a Bernie Madoff Problem.” October 3, 2011. http://www. dailykos.com/story/2011/10/03/1022317/-Christie-has-a-Bernie-Madoff-Problem 13. Star-Ledger. “Gov. Corzine, Chris Christie trade barbs about lobbying histories.” Au- gust 25, 2009. http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2009/08/gov_corzine_chris_chris- tie_tra.html 14. Star-Ledger. “Gov. Corzine, Chris Christie trade barbs about lobbying histories.” Au- gust 25, 2009. http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2009/08/gov_corzine_chris_chris- tie_tra.html 15. Washington Post. “What Mitt Romney learned about Chris Christie in 2012 and why it matters for 2016.” November 4, 2013. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ the-fix/wp/2013/11/04/what-mitt-romney-learned-about-chris-christie-in-2012-and- why-it-matters-for-2016/ 16. Wall Street Journal. “‘evil’ Madoff Gets 150 Years in epic Fraud.” June 30, 2009. http://online.wsj.com/articles/SB124604151653862301 17. . “Crossing Christie.” April 14, 2014. http://www.newyorker.com/ magazine/2014/04/14/crossing-christie?currentPage=all 18. Politico. “Portrait of the Governor as a Young Man.” February 13, 2014. http://www. politico.com/magazine/story/2014/02/portrait-of-the-governor-as-a-young-man- chris-christie-103502.html#ixzz3hRxneR2z 19. Politico. “Portrait of the Governor as a Young Man.” February 13, 2014. http://www. politico.com/magazine/story/2014/02/portrait-of-the-governor-as-a-young-man- chris-christie-103502.html#ixzz3hRxneR2z 20. Politico. “Portrait of the Governor as a Young Man.” February 13, 2014. http://www. politico.com/magazine/story/2014/02/portrait-of-the-governor-as-a-young-man- chris-christie-103502.html#ixzz3hRxneR2z 21. Politico. “Portrait of the Governor as a Young Man.” February 13, 2014. http://www. politico.com/magazine/story/2014/02/portrait-of-the-governor-as-a-young-man- chris-christie-103502.html#ixzz3hRxneR2z 22. New York Magazine. “New Jersey Nasty.” October 19, 2009. http://nymag.com/news/ politics/59895/index2.html

134 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 23. Associated Press. “Bush Administration Posts Given To Top Bush 2000 Fund-Rais- ers.” November 18, 2004. 24. . “In 2000, Chris Christie Made A Savvy Political Move That Turned him From Failed Politician Into RNC Keynote Speaker.” August 28, 2012. http://www. businessinsider.com/chris-christie-keynote-rnc-speaker-mitt-romney-vp-vice-presi- dent-2012-8 25. The Star-Ledger. “u.S. attorney’s brother pumps cash into GOP.” September 7, 2004. 26. Washington Post. “Chris Christie’s long record of pushing boundaries, sparking con- troversy.” February 10, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/chris-christies- long-record-of-pushing-boundaries-sparking-controversy/2014/02/10/50111ed4- 8db1-11e3-98ab-fe5228217bd1_story.html 27. Washington Post. “Chris Christie’s long record of pushing boundaries, sparking con- troversy.” February 10, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/chris-christies- long-record-of-pushing-boundaries-sparking-controversy/2014/02/10/50111ed4- 8db1-11e3-98ab-fe5228217bd1_story.html 28. Associated Press. “Analysis: Former NJ prosecutor defends his ethics” April 11, 2009. 29. The Star-Ledger. “Oversight of 4 orthopedic firms ends; Implant companies were accused of paying doctors to use products.” March 31, 2009. 30. New York Times. “In Testy exchange in Congress, Christie Defends his Re- cord as a Prosecutor.” June 26, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/26/ nyregion/26christie.html 31. New York Times. “New Jersey Governor’s Brother: Asset and a Risk.” January 5, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/06/nyregion/06todd.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 32. NewJersey.com. “GOP gov. candidate Chris Christie not issued traffic ticket after accident that injured motorcyclist in 2002.” September 4, 2009. http://www.nj.com/ news/index.ssf/2009/09/gop_gov_candidate_chris_christ_2.html 33. Talking Points Memo. “Christie Caught in Apparent Lie about 2002 Traffic Accident, Lawsuit.” September 4, 2009. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/dc/christie-caught-in- apparent-lie-about-2002-traffic-accident-lawsuit 34. Daily Kos. “NJ Gov: New Chris Christie Mystery: 2005 Traffic Tickets.” August 26, 2009. http://www.dailykos.com/story/2009/08/26/772844/-NJ-Gov-New-Chris-Chris- tie-Mystery-2005-Traffic-Tickets 35. Star-Ledger. “Tough talk on the boardwalk: Chris Christie’s heated exchange at Jersey Shore caught on video.” July 7, 2012. http://www.nj.com/news/index. ssf/2012/07/boardwalk_brawl_gov_christie_i.html 36. Newark Star-Ledger. “Christie dishes sports and politics on WFAN radio show.” August 26, 2013. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/08/christie_superbowl. html 37. Wall Street Journal. “Christie Met by Critics At Town hall.” July 30, 2014. http://blogs. wsj.com/metropolis/2014/07/30/christie-met-by-critics-at-town-hall/ 38. Washington Post. “Full transcript: N.J. Gov. Chris Christie’s Jan. 9 news conference on George Washington Bridge scandal.” January 9, 2014. http://www.washington- post.com/politics/transcript-chris-christies-news-conference-on-george-washington- bridge-scandal/2014/01/09/d0f4711c-7944-11e3-8963-b4b654bcc9b2_story.html 39. Washington Post. “Who had the worst week in Washington? New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie.” October 31, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/who-had- the-worst-week-in-washington-new-jersey-gov-chris-christie/2014/10/31/f6418b08- 6098-11e4-9f3a-7e28799e0549_story.html 40. Washington Post. “Watchdog report targets New Jersey governor.” November 9, 2010. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/federal-eye/2010/11/watchdog_report_tar- gets_new_je.html?wprss=federal-eye 41. New York Times. “State of Distress.” October 20, 2009. http://www.nytimes. com/2009/10/25/magazine/25corzine-t.html?pagewanted=all 42. Asbury Park Press. “Gov. Christie overspent on trips more than any other u.S. attor- ney in 2-year span, report says.” November 8, 2010. http://www.nj.com/news/index. ssf/2010/11/gov_christie_spent_more_money.html

ENDNOTES 135 43. Bloomberg. “Christie’s Tax Breaks Didn’t Close Gap in employment Rate.” April 1, 2013. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-01/christie-s-tax-breaks-didn-t- close-gap-in-employment-rate.html 44. Courier Post. “CopterGate email fails to list trips to shore.” August 4, 2011. http:// www.courierpostonline.com/article/20110804/NeWS99/108040343/CopterGate- email-fails-list-trips-shore 45. Gloucester County Times. “unrepentant Gov. Christie says he wants to end the drama, writes check for $2,151 for helicopter travel.” June 3, 2011. http://www. nj.com/news/index.ssf/2011/06/unrepentant_gov_christie_says.html 46. Washington Post. “Gov. Christie’s choppy ride.” June 3, 2011. http://www.washing- tonpost.com/blogs/44/post/gov-christies-choppy-ride/2011/06/02/AGCGGXhh_ .html 47. NorthJersey.com. “Christie fighting public records requests.” August 12, 2014. http://www.northjersey.com/news/christie-fighting-public-records-requests- 1.1066408?page=all 48. Associated Press. “Christie faces mounting suits over public records.” August 16, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/christie-faces-mounting-suits-over-public-records- 134232025--election.html 49. Associated Press. “Christie faces mounting suits over public records.” August 16, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/christie-faces-mounting-suits-over-public-records- 134232025--election.html 50. Associated Press. “Christie faces mounting suits over public records.” August 16, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/christie-faces-mounting-suits-over-public-records- 134232025--election.html 51. International Business Times. “Chris Christie Blocks Release of Pay-To-Play Probe of Charlie Baker, Massachusetts GOP Nominee.” October 20, 2014. http://www. ibtimes.com/chris-christie-blocks-release-pay-play-probe-charlie-baker-massachu- setts-gop-nominee-1708016 52. CNN. “GOP governors win blue states , Massachusetts, Illinois.” November 5, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/11/05/politics/midterms-governor-2014/index. html 53. New York Times. “Christie May have Gotten Improper Aid.” October 19, 2009. http:// www.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/nyregion/20brown.html 54. New York Times. “Christie May have Gotten Improper Aid.” October 19, 2009. http:// www.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/nyregion/20brown.html 55. Associated Press. “NJ lagging in growth, leading in spending.” June 13, 2012. 56. Newark Star-Ledger. “Chris Christie, America’s most overrated governor: Moran.” September 15, 2013. http://blog.nj.com/njv_tom_moran/2013/09/post_13.html 57. Star Ledger. “Citing Christie’s Pension Cuts and Budget Issues, S&P Downgrades N.J. Debt Rating.” November 10, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/09/ citing_christies_pension_payment_cuts_and_budget_problems_sp_downgrades_nj_ debt_rating.html 58. NJ.com. “Citing Christie’s pension cuts and budget issues, S&P downgrades N.J. debt rating.” September 10, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/09/ citing_christies_pension_payment_cuts_and_budget_problems_sp_downgrades_nj_ debt_rating.html 59. Asbury Park Press. “Property taxes hit home and homeowners.” September 2, 2010. 60. Star-Ledger. “Christie’s N.J. budget delays property tax rebate again, angering se- niors” July 10, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/07/christies_nj_bud- get_delays_property_tax_rebate_again_angering_seniors.html 61. . “Governor Christie on Atlantic City casinos closures: We have work to do.” September 9, 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/09/us-usa-new- jersey-atlanticcity-iduSKBN0h32he20140909; Reuters. “Another Atlantic City Casino Company Files for Bankruptcy.” September 9, 2014. http://www.reuters.com/ar- ticle/2014/09/09/us-trump-bankruptcy-casinos-iduSKBN0h413e20140909 62. Newark Star-Ledger. “N.J. revenue likely to remain weaker than expected over next 14 months, ratings agency says.” May 22, 2012. http://www.nj.com/news/index.

136 2016 SCOUTING REPORT ssf/2012/05/nj_revenue_likely_to_remain_we.html 63. Star-Ledger. “Christie may cut NJ budget to close growing shortfall, Treasury says.” April 29, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/04/christie_may_cut_bud- get_to_close_growing_shortfall_treasury_says.html 64. Asbury Park Press. “Christie: N.J. pension promises can’t be kept.” July 31, 2014. http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/07/30/christie-belmar-pension- promises/13392883/ 65. International Business Times. “under Gov. Chris Christie, New Jersey’s Wall Street Investments Trailed S&P 500.” September 8, 2014. http://www.ibtimes.com/under- gov-chris-christie-new-jerseys-wall-street-investments-trailed-sp-500-1680386 66. Times of Trenton. “Opinion: Christie broke promises to police, firefighters, N.J. voters.” September 1, 2014. http://www.nj.com/opinion/index.ssf/2014/09/opin- ion_christie_broke_promises_to_police_firefighters_nj_voters.html 67. Times of Trenton. “Opinion: Christie broke promises to police, firefighters, N.J. voters.” September 1, 2014. http://www.nj.com/opinion/index.ssf/2014/09/opin- ion_christie_broke_promises_to_police_firefighters_nj_voters.html 68. Star-Ledger. “Christie panel warns of disaster on benefits: editorial.” September 26, 2014. http://www.nj.com/opinion/index.ssf/2014/09/christies_failure_on_pensions_ in_hard_numbers_editorial.html 69. New Jersey election Law enforcement Commission. “New Jersey Campaign Financ- ing and Lobbying Disclosure.” Accessed October 20, 2014. http://www.elec.state. nj.us/publicinformation/gubernatorial_quickdownload.html; New Jersey Depart- ment of State. “election Information and Results Archive.” Accessed October 20, 2014. http://www.njelections.org/election-information-archive.html; Morris County Board of elections. http://www.morriselections.org/ 70. NJ.com. “Christie redoubles minimum wage attack, says ‘opportunity inequality’ the bigger u.S. problem.” October 26, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index. ssf/2014/10/christie_digs_in_on_minimum_wage_attack_in_fox_news_interview_ says_dems_are.html; Star-Ledger. “Chris Christie says he’s ‘tired’ of minimum wage talk; Obama, Dems focus on it as midterm voter bait.” October 21, 2014. http:// www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/10/chris_christie_says_hes_tired_of_hearing_ about_the_minimum_wage_as_democrats_focus_their_campaigns_o.html 71. Star-Ledger. “Christie unveils $32.9B N.J. budget that expands Medicaid, covers pen- sion payment.” February 16, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/02/ christie_budget_speech.html 72. PolitiFact. “Chris Christie vetoed Planned Parenthood funding 5 times, claims.” November 10, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/state- ments/2013/nov/10/hilary-rosen/chris-christie-vetoed-planned-parenthood-fund- ing-5/ 73. Washington Post. “Christie supports Supreme Court’s ‘hobby Lobby’ ruling … finally.” July 18, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/ wp/2014/07/18/christie-supports-supreme-courts-hobby-lobby-ruling-finally/ 74. New York Times. “Christie Faces Scandal on Traffic Jam Aides Ordered.” January 8, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/nyregion/christie-aide-tied-to-bridge- lane-closings.html 75. New York Times. “Christie Faces Scandal on Traffic Jam Aides Ordered.” January 8, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/nyregion/christie-aide-tied-to-bridge- lane-closings.html 76. New York Times. “Christie Faces Scandal on Traffic Jam Aides Ordered.” January 8, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/nyregion/christie-aide-tied-to-bridge- lane-closings.html 77. New York Times. “Christie Faces Scandal on Traffic Jam Aides Ordered.” January 8, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/nyregion/christie-aide-tied-to-bridge- lane-closings.html 78. New York Times. “Christie Faces Scandal on Traffic Jam Aides Ordered.” January 8, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/nyregion/christie-aide-tied-to-bridge- lane-closings.html

ENDNOTES 137 79. New York Times. “Christie Faces Scandal on Traffic Jam Aides Ordered.” January 8, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/nyregion/christie-aide-tied-to-bridge- lane-closings.html 80. New York Times. “Port Authority Official Is Out Amid Scandal Over Shut Lanes.” March 28, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/29/nyregion/christie-press-con- ference-on-bridge-scandal.html 81. The Trentonian. “Bill Baroni’s rise to power came to a crashing halt after Bridge- gate.” January 25, 2014. http://www.trentonian.com/government-and-poli- tics/20140125/bill-baronis-rise-to-power-came-to-a-crashing-halt-after-bridgegate 82. . “Christie fires staffer over Bridgegate, but says ‘I’m responsible.’” January 9, 2014. http://nypost.com/2014/01/09/staffers-head-rolls-as-christie-looks- to-save-neck-over-bridgegate/ 83. New York Post. “Christie fires staffer over Bridgegate, but says ‘I’m responsible.’” January 9, 2014. http://nypost.com/2014/01/09/staffers-head-rolls-as-christie-looks- to-save-neck-over-bridgegate/ 84. Star-Ledger. “Bridge scandal: Christie’s lawyers billed taxpayers $2.16M in Febru- ary.” June 6, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/06/bridge_scandal_ christies_lawyers_billed_taxpayers_216m_in_february.html 85. NJ.com. “editorial: In an ideal world, taxpayers shouldn’t foot the bill for Chris- tie’s Bridgegate camouflage.” August 21, 2014. http://www.nj.com/opinion/index. ssf/2014/08/editorial_christies_bridgegate_camouflage_costs_taxpayers_65_mil- lion_--_so_far.html 86. . “New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie’s Bridgegate legal team adds $780K onto $6.5M state tab.” August 30, 2014. http://www.nydailynews.com/news/ national/gov-christie-legal-team-costs-state-7m-article-1.1922225 87. Asbury Park Press. “hoboken mayor claims Christie administration with- held Sandy aid.” January 19, 2014. http://archive.app.com/article/20140118/ NJNeWS1002/301180050/Chris-Christie-Dawn-Zimmer 88. New York Times. “Another Mayor Felt Christie-Tied Reprisal.” January 14, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/14/nyregion/christie-cut-ties-with-mayor-after- being-denied-endorsement-documents-show.html 89. Asbury Park Press. “Christie Claims Innocence.” January 16, 2014. 90. New York Times. “Another Mayor Felt Christie-Tied Reprisal.” January 14, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/14/nyregion/christie-cut-ties-with-mayor-after- being-denied-endorsement-documents-show.html 91. Star-Ledger. “3 Motor Vehicle Offices To Close.” December 7, 2010. 92. Star-Ledger. “union County Democrats criticize closure of Motor Vehicle Com- mission facility in elizabeth.” January 24, 2011. http://www.nj.com/news/index. ssf/2011/01/elizabeth_shuts_down_motor_veh.html 93. Star-Ledger. “Christie administration gave more Sandy funds to controversial Bel- leville project.” February 21, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/02/ nj_gives_more_federal_funds_to_controversial_belleville_project.html#incart_river 94. Star-Ledger. “Sandy victims to get first crack at units in Belleville project, Christie of- ficial says.” February 25, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/02/sandy_ victims_to_get_first_crack_at_units_in_belleville_project_christie_official_says.html 95. Star-Ledger. “Sandy victims to get first crack at units in Belleville project, Christie of- ficial says.” February 25, 2014. http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/02/sandy_ victims_to_get_first_crack_at_units_in_belleville_project_christie_official_says.html 96. NBC New York. “Sandy Funds Went to NJ Town with Little Storm Damage.” February 2, 2014. http://www.nbcnewyork.com/investigations/Chris-Christie-Sandy-Aid-Ques- tions-New-Apartment-Tower-untouched-Storm-242872821.html 97. New York Times. “The Quashing of a Case Against a Christie Ally.” October 10, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/11/nyregion/43-count-indictment-of-a-christie- ally-quashed.html?pagewanted=all 98. New York Times. “The Quashing of a Case Against a Christie Ally.” October 10, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/11/nyregion/43-count-indictment-of-a-christie- ally-quashed.html?pagewanted=all

138 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 99. New York Times. “The Quashing of a Case Against a Christie Ally.” October 10, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/11/nyregion/43-count-indictment-of-a-christie- ally-quashed.html?pagewanted=all 100. New York Times. “The Quashing of a Case Against a Christie Ally.” October 10, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/11/nyregion/43-count-indictment-of-a-christie- ally-quashed.html?pagewanted=all 101. New York Times. “The Quashing of a Case Against a Christie Ally.” October 10, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/11/nyregion/43-count-indictment-of-a-christie- ally-quashed.html?pagewanted=all 102. New York Times. “The Quashing of a Case Against a Christie Ally.” October 10, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/11/nyregion/43-count-indictment-of-a-christie- ally-quashed.html?pagewanted=all 103. New York Times. “2nd Bridge Inquiry Said to Be Linked to Christie.” June 23, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/24/nyregion/2nd-bridge-inquiry-said-to-be- linked-to-christie.html 104. Washington Post. “Chris Christie announces resignation of Port Authority chair Da- vid Samson.” March 28, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/ wp/2014/03/28/chris-christie-announces-resignation-of-port-authority-chair-david- samson/ 105. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Paul, Rand,” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000603 106. uS News and World Report. “10 Things You Didn’t Know About Rand Paul.” June 3, 2010. http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2010/06/03/10-things-you-didnt-know- about-rand-paul 107. GQ. “GQ exclusive: Rand Paul’s Kooky College Days (hint: There’s a Secret Society Involved).” August 9, 2010. http://www.gq.com/blogs/the-q/2010/08/gq-exclusive- rand-pauls-crazy-college-days-hint-theres-a-secret-society-involved.html 108. Lexington herald-Leader. “Contrary to Some Media Reports, Rand Paul has no bach- elor’s degree.” August 5, 2010. http://www.kentucky.com/2010/08/05/1377392_con- trary-to-some-media-reports.html?rh=1 109. Rand Paul Senate Campaign Website. “Who is Rand Paul?” accessed November 12, 2012 http://www.randpaul2016.com/about/ 110. , Office of Public Records. “Rand Paul Annual Report: Part 3 – Assets.” Filed August 13, 2014. https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/view/annual/ dfa729f9-989d-47e7-915f-0bc3763dd8cf/ 111. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Paul, Rand.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000603 112. Kentucky Secretary of State. Articles of Incorporation of Alchemy LLC. Filed March 2, 2005. 113. Kentucky Secretary of State. Articles of Incorporation of National Board of Ophthal- mology Inc. Filed September 7, 1999; Kentucky Secretary of State. Administrative Dissolution of National Board of Ophthalmology Inc. Filed September 10, 2011. 114. Kentucky Secretary of State. Articles of Incorporation of Clinic Optical, Inc. Filed October 20, 1998; , Kentucky Secretary of State. Clinic Optical Annual Report. Filed June 11, 2008. 115. Kentucky Secretary of State. Articles of Incorporation of Randal h. Paul M.D. P.S.C. Filed June 6, 1996; Kentucky Secretary of State. Annual Report of Randal h. Paul M.D. P.S.C. Filed April 16, 2009. 116. The Wall Street Journal. “Rand Paul’s Antitax Group has Been Inactive for Years.” October 14, 2010. . http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2010/10/14/rand-pauls-antitax- group-has-been-inactive-for-years/ 117. Associated Press. “Rand Paul known for frugal side at home.” October 16, 2010. http://newsok.com/rand-paul-known-for-frugal-side-at-home/article/feed/202386 118. New York Times. “For Paul Family, Libertarian ethos Began at home.” June 5, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/us/politics/06paul.html?pagewanted=all 119. New York Times. “For Paul Family, Libertarian ethos Began at home.” June 5, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/us/politics/06paul.html?pagewanted=all

ENDNOTES 139 120. New York Times. “For Paul Family, Libertarian ethos Began at home.” June 5, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/us/politics/06paul.html?pagewanted=all 121. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 122. CNN. “Rand Paul on being ‘libertarian-ish’.” April 25, 2014. http://politicalticker.blogs. cnn.com/2014/04/25/rand-paul-on-being-libertarian-ish/ 123. Congress Daily. “Poke ‘em While You Got ‘em.” December 3, 2009. http://www.nationaljournal.com/member/hotline/poke-em-while-you-got- em-20091203 124. FOX News – The Program. “Interview With Rand Paul, M.D., Republican Kentucky Senatorial Candidate.” December 18, 2009. 125. Real Clear Politics. “Rand Paul: “We’ve Come To Take Our Government Back.” May 18, 2010. http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2010/05/18/rand_paul_weve_ come_to_take_our_government_back.html 126. Politico. “Rand Paul needs ‘new Republican party.’” February 14, 2014. http://www. politico.com/story/2014/02/rand-paul-needs-new-republican-party-103521.html 127. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 128. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 129. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 130. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 131. Politico. “Rand Paul won’t shake Jack Conway’s hand after ‘Aqua Buddha’ debate.” October 18, 2010. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1010/43741.html 132. Politico. “Rand Paul won’t shake Jack Conway’s hand after ‘Aqua Buddha’ debate.” October 18, 2010. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1010/43741.html 133. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 134. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 135. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 136. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 137. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 138. Courier-Journal. “Rand Paul’s ophthalmology certification not recognized by national clearinghouse.” July 19, 2010. 139. Courier-Journal. “Rand Paul’s ophthalmology certification not recognized by national clearinghouse.” July 19, 2010. 140. Washington Post. “Rand Paul has another problem.” November 8, 2013. http:// www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2013/11/08/rand-paul-has-another- problem/ 141. Washington Post. “Rand Paul has another problem.” November 8, 2013. http:// www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2013/11/08/rand-paul-has-another- problem/ 142. united States Senate. Roll Call Vote 115. June 5, 2012. http://www.senate.gov/ legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=112&session=2& vote=00115; Monterey County herald. “Senate urged to take up pay equity for women.” June 4, 2012. 143. . “Rand Paul – S. 2199 – Paycheck Fairness Act – Key Vote.” Accessed No- vember 1, 2014. https://votesmart.org/bill/17767/47429/117285/paycheck-fairness- act#.VFVwe_nF98F 144. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 115.” June 5, 2012. http://www.senate.gov/ legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=112&session=2&

140 2016 SCOUTING REPORT vote=00115; Monterey County herald. “Senate urged to take up pay equity for women.” June 4, 2012. 145. huffington Post. “Rand Paul Compares Paycheck Fairness To Soviet Politburo. June 5, 2012. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/05/rand-paul-paycheck-fairness- act-soviet-politburo_n_1571789.html 146. CNN. “Rand Paul: ‘I am not opposed to birth control.’” September 30, 2014. http:// us.cnn.com/2014/09/30/politics/rand-paul-plan-b/index.html 147. Office of u.S. Senator Rand Paul. “Sanctity of Life.” Accessed August 15, 2014. http:// www.paul.senate.gov/?p=issue&id=3 148. Office of u.S. Senator Rand Paul. “Sanctity of Life.” Accessed August 15, 2014. http:// www.paul.senate.gov/?p=issue&id=3 149. united States Senate. “united States Senate Republicans ‘Dear Colleague’ Letter, Signed by Senator Rand Paul.” April 29, 2014. http://www.sba-list.org/sites/default/ files/content/shared/05.07.14_ayotte_dear_colleague_pain_capable_unborn_child_ protection_act_0.pdf 150. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 151. Washington Post. “Rand Paul’s rewriting of his own remarks on the Civil Rights Act; Speaking at a historically black college, Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.) invents a new reason for his remarks on the Civil Rights Act.” April 29, 2013. 152. Politico. “Rand Paul: Voter ID remarks ‘overblown.’” May 14, 2014. http://www. politico.com/story/2014/05/rand-paul-voter-id-comments-106665.html 153. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 232.” November 7, 2013. http://www.senate. gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=1&v ote=00232 154. Paul, Rand. “Fiscal Year 2012 Budget of the u.S. Government.” May 20, 2011. https:// www.scribd.com/doc/55912438/Senator-Rand-Paul-5-Year-Balanced-Budget 155. Paul, Rand. “A Platform to Revitalize America: Budget of the u.S. Government.” February 25, 2012. https://www.scribd.com/doc/84514049/SeNATOR-RAND-PAuL-S- PLATFORM-TO-ReVITALIZe-AMeRICA 156. Paul, Rand. “A Clear Vision to Revitalize America: Fiscal Year 2014 Budget of the united States Government.” March 22, 2013. http://www.paul.senate.gov/files/ documents/FY2014Budget.pdf 157. Paul, Rand. “Fiscal Year 2012 Budget of the u.S. Government.” May 20, 2011. https:// www.scribd.com/doc/55912438/Senator-Rand-Paul-5-Year-Balanced-Budget; Paul, Rand. “A Platform to Revitalize America: Budget of the u.S. Government.” February 25, 2012. https://www.scribd.com/doc/84514049/SeNATOR-RAND-PAuL-S-PLAT- FORM-TO-ReVITALIZe-AMeRICA 158. CNN. “Why Rand Paul can’s shake isolationist image.” September 17, 2014. http:// www.cnn.com/2014/09/17/politics/rand-paul-mccain-isolationist/ 159. Paul, Rand. “Fiscal Year 2012 Budget of the u.S. Government.” March 17, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20120905012813/http://campaignforliberty.com/ma- terials/RandBudget.pdf 160. CNN. “The Situation Room with Wolf Blitzer.” January 26, 2011. http://transcripts. cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1101/26/sitroom.02.html 161. Washington Post. “Rand Paul: Obama ‘arrogant and presumptuous’ about Israel.” January 16, 2013. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2013/01/16/ rand-obama-arrogant-and-presumptuous-about-israel/ 162. The Daily Beast. “Rand Paul Attempts to Woo Neocons by Cutting Aid to Palestin- ians.” April 28, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/04/rand-paul-palestine- aid-106091.html?hp=f1 163. . “Rand Paul’s War.” September 5, 2013. http://www.nationalreview. com/article/357662/rand-pauls-war-robert-costa 164. National Review. “No Aid to Our enemies.” June 12, 2014. http://www.nationalre- view.com/article/380165/no-aid-our-enemies-rand-paul 165. Reason. “Rand Paul Wants to ‘Destroy’ ISIS Yet ‘Stay the heck out of Their Civil War.” September 19, 2014. http://reason.com/blog/2014/09/19/rand-paul-wants-to-

ENDNOTES 141 destroy-isis-yet-stay 166. CNN. “Why Rand Paul can’s shake isolationist image.” September 17, 2014. http:// www.cnn.com/2014/09/17/politics/rand-paul-mccain-isolationist/ 167. Wall Street Journal. “Dick Cheney No Fan of Rand Paul’s ‘Isolationism.’” July 14, 2014. http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2014/07/14/dick-cheney-sides-with-rick-perry-over- rand-paul/ 168. Associated Press. “Rand Paul Contradicts experts, Says ebola Is ‘Incredibly’ Conta- gious.” October 16, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/16/rand-paul- ebola-incredibly_n_5999944.html 169. The Daily Beast. “Republicans Want You Scared of ebola.” October 27, 2014. http:// www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/10/27/republicans-want-you-scared-of-ebola. html 170. The Daily Beast. “ebola Scare-Mongerer Rand Paul Wants You to Think You’re Going to Die.” October 12, 2014. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/10/12/ebola- scare-mongerer-rand-paul-wants-you-to-think-you-re-going-to-die.html 171. The Daily Beast. “Republicans Want You Scared of ebola.” October 27, 2014. http:// www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/10/27/republicans-want-you-scared-of-ebola. html 172. The Daily Beast. “Republicans Want You Scared of ebola.” October 27, 2014. http:// www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/10/27/republicans-want-you-scared-of-ebola. html 173. Federal election Commission. “Details for Candidate ID: S0KY00156 – RAND PAuL.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail. do; Kentucky State Board of elections. “election Results.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://elect.ky.gov/results/Pages/default.aspx 174. Federal election Commission. “Details for Committee ID: C00493924 – ReIN- VeNTING A NeW DIReCTION – RANDPAC.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http:// www.fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail.do?candidateCommittee Id=C00493924&tabIndex=1; OpenSecrets.org. “Reinventing a New Direction.” Accessed September 19, 2014. https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2. php?strID=C00493924&cycle=2014 175. The New Yorker. “Rand Paul’s Personhood Problem.” October 8, 2014. http://www. newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/rand-paul-personhood-problem 176. united States Senate. “united States Senate Republicans ‘Dear Colleague’ Letter, Signed by Senator Rand Paul.” April 29, 2014. http://www.sba-list.org/sites/default/ files/content/shared/05.07.14_ayotte_dear_colleague_pain_capable_unborn_child_ protection_act_0.pdf 177. Mother Jones. “At howard university, Rand Paul Falsely Claims he Never Op- posed The 1964 Civil Rights Act.” April 10, 2013. http://www.motherjones.com/ mojo/2013/04/howard-university-rand-paul-falsely-claims-he-didnt-oppose-civil- rights-actpaul-i-civil 178. ABC News. ”Sen. Rand Paul: No Debt Ceiling Increase Without Balanced Budget Amendment.” June 30, 2011. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/06/sen- rand-paul-no-debt-ceiling-increase-without-balanced-budget-amendment/ 179. Office of u.S. Senator Rand Paul. “Sen. Paul Introduces National Right to Work Act.” February 1, 2013. http://www.paul.senate.gov/?id=692&p=press_release 180. WFPR. “Minimum Wage hike hurts ‘Minorities and Youth’ Job Chances, Rand Paul Says.” April 29, 2014. http://wfpl.org/post/minimum-wage-hike-hurts-minorities- and-youth-job-chances-rand-paul-says 181. Talking Points Memo. “Rand Paul In The ‘90s: Medicare Is Socialism And So- cial Security Is A Ponzi Scheme.” July 12, 2010. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=jTRJiqX_2M0 182. . “Republican bill would enroll seniors in same health plans as lawmakers.” March 15, 2012. http://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/216303-gop-medicare-bill- would-enroll-seniors-into-lawmakers-plans 183. The Daily Beast. “Top Aide to Mitch McConnell Linked to Shady Deal.” August 29, 2014. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/08/29/top-aide-to-mitch-mccon-

142 2016 SCOUTING REPORT nell-linked-to-shady-deal.html 184. Politico. “Mitch McConnell’s campaign manager, Jesse Benton, resigns.” August 29, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/08/mitch-mcconnell-campaign-manager- jesse-benton-resigns-110465.html 185. Politico. “Mitch McConnell’s campaign manager, Jesse Benton, resigns.” August 29, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/08/mitch-mcconnell-campaign-manager- jesse-benton-resigns-110465.html 186. Center for Responsive Politics. “Rand Paul’s Ties With Losing N.C. Primary Candidate Run Deep.” May 7, 2014. https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2014/05/rand-pauls- ties-with-losing-n-c-primary-candidate-run-deep/ 187. Center for Responsive Politics. “Rand Paul’s Ties With Losing N.C. Primary Candidate Run Deep.” May 7, 2014. https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2014/05/rand-pauls- ties-with-losing-n-c-primary-candidate-run-deep/ 188. FactCheck.org. “Gun Rights Group’s Aim Is Way Off.” April 5, 2013. http://www.fact- check.org/2013/04/gun-rights-groups-aim-is-way-off/ 189. FactCheck.org. “Gun Rights Group’s Aim Is Way Off.” April 5, 2013. http://www.fact- check.org/2013/04/gun-rights-groups-aim-is-way-off/ 190. The New Yorker. “The Revenge of Rand Paul.” October 6, 2014. http://www.newy- orker.com/magazine/2014/10/06/revenge-rand-paul 191. New York Times. “Rand Paul’s Mixed Inheritance.” January 25, 2014. http:// www.nytimes.com/2014/01/26/us/politics/rand-pauls-mixed-inheritance. html?ref=todayspaper 192. New York Times. “Rand Paul’s Mixed Inheritance.” January 25, 2014. http:// www.nytimes.com/2014/01/26/us/politics/rand-pauls-mixed-inheritance. html?ref=todayspaper 193. Roll Call. “Ron Paul Pens Fundraising Pitch for Son’s Senate Bid.” December 15, 2009. http://www.rollcall.com/news/ron_paul_pens_fundraising_pitc-60914-1.html 194. BuzzFeed. “Ron Paul explains how To help Son’s Potential Presidential Bid On In- foWars Radio.” July 14, 2014. http://www.buzzfeed.com/andrewkaczynski/ron-paul- explains-how-to-help-sons-potential-presidential-bi 195. Breitbart. “Ron Paul Tells Mississippi: My Son Rand Needs Chris McDaniel In Sen- ate.” June 15, 2014. http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2014/06/15/Ron- Paul-Tells-Mississippi-My-Son-Rand-Needs-Chris-McDaniel-In-Senate 196. The Atlantic. “‘Southern Avenger’ Jack hunter to Speak at Same Conference as Rand Paul.” September 18, 2013. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/09/ southern-avenger-jack-hunter-to-speak-at-same-conference-as-rand-paul/279804/ 197. The Daily Beast. “What Rand Paul Aide Jack hunter and his Resignation Say About his Boss.” July 23, 2013. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/07/23/what- rand-paul-aide-jack-hunter-and-his-resignation-say-about-his-boss.html 198. Charleston City Paper. “how I got my moniker and why states’ rights and seces- sion still makes sense.” September 23, 2009. http://www.charlestoncitypaper.com/ charleston/how-i-got-my-moniker-and-why-states-rights-and-secession-still-makes- sense/Content?oid=1379010 199. Salon. “Rand Paul’s team has another white supremacist.” July 9, 2013. http://www. salon.com/2013/07/09/rand_pauls_team_has_another_white_supremacist/ 200. CNN. “Rand Paul aide’s past as ‘Southern Avenger’.” July 9, 2013. http://politicaltick- er.blogs.cnn.com/2013/07/09/rand-paul-aides-past-as-southern-avenger/ 201. CNN. “Rand Paul aide’s past as ‘Southern Avenger’.” July 9, 2013. http://politicaltick- er.blogs.cnn.com/2013/07/09/rand-paul-aides-past-as-southern-avenger/ 202. Politico. “Controversial Rand Paul aide Jack hunter leaves.” July 22, 2013. http:// www.politico.com/story/2013/07/jack-hunter-rand-paul-94547.html 203. New York Times. “For Paul Family, Libertarian ethos Began at home.” June 5, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/us/politics/06paul.html?pagewanted=all 204. u.S. News & World Report. “10 Things You Didn’t Know About Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker.” February 28, 2011. http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2011/02/28/10- things-you-didnt-know-about-wisconsin-gov-scott-walker 205. Wauwatosa Now. “Why is there always a police car on 68th near Bluemound?”

ENDNOTES 143 February 25, 2014. http://www.wauwatosanow.com/news/ask-now-why-is-there- always-a-police-car-on-68th-near-bluemound-b99213251z1-247076991.html 206. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Is finishing college an issue in governor’s race?” July 31, 2010. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/99700384.html 207. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Walker, preacher’s son, finds politics calling.” October 17, 2010. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/105115759.html 208. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Scott Walker’s son steps into political world.” April 26, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/scott-walkers-son-steps-into- political-world-b99256039z1-256860291.html 209. Wisconsin State Journal. “From preacher’s kid to frontrunner: Scott Walker’s small- town roots led to his reputation as a fiscal hawk.” October 24, 2010. http://host. madison.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/elections/from-preacher-s-kid-to-front- runner-scott-walker-s/article_da67cf2c-df74-11df-acf0-001cc4c002e0.html 210. New York Times. “Governor With eye on 2016 Finds his Rise under Scrutiny.” April 26, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/27/us/politics/governor-with-eye-on- 2016-finds-his-rise-under-scrutiny.html?_r=0 211. Appleton Post-Crescent. “Milwaukee County executive Scott Walker, a Republi- can candidate for Wisconsin governor, voted to allow late Assembly sessions he now bashes.” April 24, 2010. http://www.postcrescent.com/article/20100425/ APC0101/4250504/Milwaukee-County-executive-Scott-Walker-Republican-candi- date-Wisconsin-governor-voted-allow-late-Assembly-sessions-he-now-bashes 212. PolitiFact. “Solving the “mystery” of Scott Walker’s college years and entry into poli- tics.” December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/ scott-walker-early-years/ 213. Wisconsin election Watch. “Scott Walker.” August 8, 2013. http://wisconsinelection- watch.com/114/scott-walker-2/ 214. Statement of economic Interests, “Part A,” Wisconsin Government Accountability Board, Scott K. Walker, Filed 2014. 215. New Republic. “The unelectable Whiteness of Scott Walker.” June 15, 2014. http:// www.newrepublic.com/article/118145/scott-walkers-toxic-racial-politics 216. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Solving the ‘mystery’ of Scott Walker’s col- lege years and entry into politics. December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/ wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/scott-walker-early-years/ 217. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Solving the ‘mystery’ of Scott Walker’s col- lege years and entry into politics. December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/ wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/scott-walker-early-years/ 218. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Solving the ‘mystery’ of Scott Walker’s col- lege years and entry into politics.” December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/ wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/scott-walker-early-years/ 219. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Solving the ‘mystery’ of Scott Walker’s col- lege years and entry into politics.” December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/ wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/scott-walker-early-years/ 220. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Solving the ‘mystery’ of Scott Walker’s col- lege years and entry into politics.” December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/ wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/scott-walker-early-years/ 221. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Solving the ‘mystery’ of Scott Walker’s col- lege years and entry into politics. December 18, 2013. http://www.politifact.com/ wisconsin/article/2013/dec/18/scott-walker-early-years/ 222. Appleton Post-Crescent. “Milwaukee County executive Scott Walker, a Republi- can candidate for Wisconsin governor, voted to allow late Assembly sessions he now bashes.” April 24, 2010. http://www.postcrescent.com/article/20100425/ APC0101/4250504/Milwaukee-County-executive-Scott-Walker-Republican-candi- date-Wisconsin-governor-voted-allow-late-Assembly-sessions-he-now-bashes 223. The State of Wisconsin Blue Book, 2001-2002. “Scott K. Walker.” 2001. Page 31. http://books.google.com/books?id=BhlWAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=walke r+Committee+on+elections+and+Constitutional+Law+in+1994+and+the+Committe e+of+Corrections+and+the+Courts+in+1999.&source=bl&ots=Zi0yP70AiL&sig=ge1e

144 2016 SCOUTING REPORT atoT3dNBcNagKOKN_LqYl_u&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uuJXVPXvOO78sASYz4hoDg&ved=0C B8Q6AewAQ#v=onepage&q=walker%20Committee%20on%20elections%20and%20 Constitutional%20Law%20in%201994%20and%20the%20Committee%20of%20Cor- rections%20and%20the%20Courts%20in%201999.&f=false 224. New York Times. “In Wisconsin, Scandal, outrage and Deficit Churn up a Storm of Political Change.” May 19, 2002. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/19/us/in-wiscon- sin-scandal-outrage-and-deficit-churn-up-a-storm-of-political-change.html 225. New York Times. “In Wisconsin, Scandal, outrage and Deficit Churn up a Storm of Political Change.” May 19, 2002. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/19/us/in-wiscon- sin-scandal-outrage-and-deficit-churn-up-a-storm-of-political-change.html 226. Associated Press. “Walker re-elected Milwaukee Co. executive.” April 6, 2004. 227. Associated Press. “Walker first Republican to announce Wisconsin GOP candidacy.” January 24, 2005. 228. Associated Press. “One of the Republican candidates for governor’s race drops out.” March 24, 2006. 229. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “eLeCTION 2008; MILWAuKee COuNTY eXeCuTIVe; Walker wins with tax-curbing theme; he easily gains another term in race against Taylor.” April 2, 2008. 230. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Walker gov announcement expected April 28.” April 20, 2009. http://www.jsonline.com/blogs/news/43284987.html 231. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker says he campaigned on his budget repair plan, including curtailing collective bargaining.” February 22, 2011. http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2011/feb/22/ scott-walker/wisconsin-gov-scott-walker-says-he-campaigned-his-/ 232. New York Times. “Angry Demonstrations in Wisconsin as Cuts Loom.” February 16, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/17/us/17wisconsin.html 233. New York Times. “Wisconsin Votes on Recall of Governor.” June 5, 2012. http://www. nytimes.com/2012/06/06/us/politics/wisconsin-votes-on-recall-of-scott-walker.html 234. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Democrats file 1 million signatures for Walker recall.” January 18, 2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/recall18- 8g3r7ui-137489833.html 235. Wisconsin State Journal. “Chris Rickert: Will recall be a referendum or a real elec- tion?” January 22, 2012. http://host.madison.com/news/local/chris_rickert/chris- rickert-will-recall-be-a-referendum-or-a-real/article_6bbfc8bc-43d3-11e1-9a89- 0019bb2963f4.html 236. ABC News. “Wisconsin Recall election Spending Tops $60 Million,” May 31, 2012. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/wisconsin-recall-election-spending- tops-60-million/ 237. ABC News. “Wisconsin Recall election Spending Tops $60 Million,” May 31, 2012. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/wisconsin-recall-election-spending- tops-60-million/ 238. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “economists say time has run out on top campaign promise.” September 18, 2014. http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/ promises/walk-o-meter/promise/526/create-250000-new-jobs/ 239. university of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Department of economics. “Measuring Wiscon- sin’s Job Gap.” March 2014. http://www.uwosh.edu/faculty_staff/mcgee/Measur- ing_WIs_Job_Gap_Revised.pdf 240. Madison.com. “Wisconsin ninth among 10 Midwestern states in job growth under Walker. March 19, 2014. http://host.madison.com/news/local/writers/ mike_ivey/wisconsin-ninth-among-midwestern-states-in-job-growth-under-walker/ article_59f4cfee-aee1-11e3-8ef3-0019bb2963f4.html ; Lacrosse Tribune. “Will voters blame Gov. Walker for jobs gap?” May 11, 2014. http://lacrossetribune.com/news/ local/will-voters-blame-gov-walker-for-jobs-gap/article_eb53a5cc-dcac-51ce-ae3a- c3359a727b7f.html 241. The Cap Times. “Scott Walker: Campaign finance crusader?” August 18, 2014. http:// host.madison.com/news/local/writers/jessie-opoien/scott-walker-campaign-finance- reform-crusader/article_b72f9836-26b3-5b46-87af-912113d9cee9.html

ENDNOTES 145 242. Scott Walker Press Release. “Lawmakers Want Out-Of-State Groups To Report Source Of Funds.” March 9, 1997. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Cvr2cL3S2Te/u-wn- qDQKTJI/AAAAAAAADT8/KDtF8B5a2vY/s1600/State%2BRep%2BWalker_1997%2Bre lease.png 243. 7th Circuit Court of Appeals, exhibit 1 in John Doe Investigation, Page 125, June 19, 2014. http://johndoewalker.com/wp-content/uploads/140619JohnDoeexhibits.pdf. 244. university of Wisconsin Library, State of Wisconsin Collection. “Special election, September 12, 1989: Vote For Representatives To The Assembly, By District.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/WI/WI- idx?type=turn&id=WI.WIBlueBk1991&entity=WI.WIBlueBk1991.p0929&q1=Scott%20 K.%20Walker; State of Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. “Wisconsin election Results.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://gab.wi.gov/elections-voting/ results; Milwaukee County, Wisconsin. “election Results.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://county.milwaukee.gov/electionResults23729.htm; National Institute on Money in State Politics. “Walker, Scott.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http:// www.followthemoney.org/entity-details?eid=4656950; Wisconsin Government Ac- countability Board “GAB Canvass Reporting System,” 2014. http://gab.wi.gov/sites/ default/files/11.4.14%20Summary%20Results-all%20offices.pdf; Wisconsin Govern- ment Accountability Board “GAB Canvass Reporting System,” 2014. http://gab. wi.gov/sites/default/files/Statewide%20Percentage%20Results_6.5.12%20Recall%20 election_PRe%20SeN21%20ReCOuNT.pdf 245. PolitiFact. “Tom Barrett says Scott Walker wants to ban abortion, even in cases of rape or incest.” October 26, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/state- ments/2010/oct/26/tom-barrett/tom-barrett-says-scott-walker-wants-ban-abortion- e/ 246. Wisconsin State Journal. “Walker: Address mental health; he calls for a summit and cautions against taking action too fast.; Gun control.” December 20, 2012. 247. huffington Post. “Scott Walker Quietly Repeals Wisconsin equal Pay Law.” April 6, 2012. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/06/scott-walker-wisconsin-equal- pay-law_n_1407329.html 248. Associated Press. “Walker speaks out against raising minimum wage.” 1/23/14. http://www.nbc15.com/news/headlines/Walker-speaks-out-against-raising-mini- mum-wage-241691411.html 249. WITI. “Gov. Walker rejects Medicaid dollars, says state needs entitlement reform.” February 13, 2013. http://fox6now.com/2013/02/13/gov-walker-rejects-medicaid- dollars-says-state-needs-entitlement-reform/ 250. National Review. “An Interview with Scott Walker.” November 20, 2013. http://www. nationalreview.com/kudlows-money-politics/364423/interview-scott-walker-larry- kudlow 251. Politico. Gov. Scott Walker defends voter ID law in first debate. October 11, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/10/scott-walker-wisconsin-voter-id-law-111804. html 252. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Gov. Scott Walker pitches gas tax change for road funds.” October 14, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/gov-scott- walker-to-visit-journal-sentinel-edit-board-b99370849z1-279141161.html 253. hurley, Burish, & Stanton. “Legal proceedings: What is a John Doe investigation anyway?” Accessed November 3, 2014. http://www.hbslawfirm.com/articles_display. php?id=72 254. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Two ex-Walker aides charged with illegal cam- paigning.” January 26, 2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/doe27- 6q3v4uj-138159264.html 255. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Campaign, county work intertwined, prosecutor says | Disclosure made as ex-Walker aide is sentenced for misconduct” November 20, 2012; Wisconsin State Journal. “emails link office staff to campaign; thousands of messages were sent to campaign on taxpayer time by Milwaukee County employ- ees.” November 21, 2012. 256. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “emails link Scott Walker to secret email system.” Feb-

146 2016 SCOUTING REPORT ruary 19, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/court-set-to-release- emails-documents-tied-to-ex-aide-to-scott-walker-b99208267z1-246128301.html 257. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Railroad executive gets probation | Gardner violated.” July 8, 2011. 258. Madison.com. “Déjà vu: Key players in John Doe investigation witnessed similar case during caucus scandal.” November 21, 2012. http://host.madison.com/news/local/ govt-and-politics/d-j-vu-key-players-in-john-doe-investigation-witnessed/article_ee- b1e9ec-337b-11e2-9817-0019bb2963f4.html 259. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “John Doe revelations have similarities to caucus scandal.” January 29, 2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/john-doe- revelations-have-similarities-to-caucus-scandal-5p3vhsc-138279559.html 260. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Two ex-Walker aides charged with illegal cam- paigning.” January 26, 2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/doe27- 6q3v4uj-138159264.html 261. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Two ex-Walker aides charged with illegal cam- paigning.” January 26, 2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/doe27- 6q3v4uj-138159264.html 262. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “ex-aide apologizes to governor during sentencing for county crimes.” January 10, 2013. http://www.jsonline.com/news/milwau- kee/former-aide-apologizes-to-walker-during-sentencing-for-county-crimes- h28arq1-186357882.html 263. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Former Walker aide pleads guilty to embezzlement charge in John Doe.” November 29,2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/mil- waukee/former-walker-aide-pleads-guilt-to-embezzlement-charge-in-john-doe- iq7rgfb-181418561.html 264. Associated Press. “Former Walker appointee sentenced.” December 8, 2012. 265. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Railroad executive gets probation | Gardner violated.” July 8, 2011. 266. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Railroad CeO charged with campaign law violations | Donor accused of funneling illegal contributions to Scott Walker through employ- ees.” April 12, 2011. 267. Capital Times. “State aid to Wisconsin & Southern predates campaign funding probe.” October 3, 2011. http://host.madison.com/news/local/crime_and_courts/ blog/state-aid-to-wisconsin-southern-predates-campaign-funding-probe/ article_5c14d4a4-e9fe-11e0-a4a1-001cc4c03286.html 268. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “embezzlement probe also results in sex charges.” January 6, 2012. http://www.jsonline.com/news/crime/embezzlement-probe-also- results-in-sex-charges-he3mkqc-136793718.html 269. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Former Scott Walker aide’s partner fined for texting teen.” February 14, 2013. http://www.jsonline.com/news/milwaukee/partner-of-for- mer-walker-aide-ordered-to-pay-fine-do-community-service-638pgbo-191228591. html 270. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Walker aides tried to squelch political impact of mental health care.” February 26, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/mil- waukee/walker-aides-tried-to-squelch-political-impact-of-mental-health-care- b99213604z1-247296531.html 271. huffington Post. “Scott Walker Ordered Doctor Fired Because She Was Once A Thong Model.” February 19, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/02/19/ scott-walker-thong_n_4817327.html 272. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Newly disclosed emails reveal racist jokes by Scott Walker’s ex-aides.” February 20, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/state- politics/newly-disclosed-emails-reveal-racist-jokes-by-scott-walkers-ex-aides- b99209887z1-246340681.html 273. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Politics of Mental health Complex crises occupied Walker staff.” February 21, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/ emails-show-scott-walkers-role-in-managing-mental-health-complex-crisis- b99209690z1-246333671.html

ENDNOTES 147 274. Daily Isthmus. “RNC defends Reince Priebus’ disclosure of 2010 primary opponent’s campaign strategy to Scott Walker.” February 20, 2014. http://www.isthmus.com/ daily/article.php?article=42125 275. Star Tribune. “Thousands of emails collected during Gov. Walker-related John Doe investigation released.” October 21, 2014. http://www.startribune.com/politics/na- tional/279918912.html 276. Wisconsin State Journal. “Governor, Senate leader mum on latest criminal probe.” October 23, 2013. 277. Wisconsin State Journal. “Report: Investigation targets Scott Walker recall campaign, political groups.” November18, 2013. http://host.madison.com/news/local/report- investigation-targets-scott-walker-recall-campaign-political-groups/article_f3aa2080- 6265-59bd-8ad6-9997da64f0f8.html 278. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Court orders another release in Doe probe of Walker campaign. June 16, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/appeals- court-orders-more-john-doe-documents-unsealed-b99292322z1-263314421.html 279. Wisconsin State Journal. “Could expanded John Doe legal theory undercut deci- sion to halt probe?” August 27, 2014. http://host.madison.com/news/local/govt- and-politics/could-expanded-john-doe-legal-theory-undercut-decision-to-halt/ article_52a8ecf2-d7f3-5d3d-b97b-f681db652787.html; 280. Associated Press. “Prosecutors: Wisconsin governor in criminal scheme.” June 19, 2014. http://bigstory.ap.org/article/prosecutors-gov-walker-part-criminal-scheme-0 281. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “John Doe prosecutors allege Scott Walker at center of ‘criminal scheme.’” June 19, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/john- doe-prosecutors-allege-scott-walker-at-center-of-criminal-scheme-263839791.html 282. Associated Press. “Prosecutors: Wisconsin governor in criminal scheme.” June 19, 2014. http://bigstory.ap.org/article/prosecutors-gov-walker-part-criminal-scheme-0 283. Wisconsin State Journal. “Could expanded John Doe legal theory undercut deci- sion to halt probe?” August 27, 2014. http://host.madison.com/news/local/govt- and-politics/could-expanded-john-doe-legal-theory-undercut-decision-to-halt/ article_52a8ecf2-d7f3-5d3d-b97b-f681db652787.html 284. Talking Points Memo. “Judge Who halted Scott Walker Probe Attended Koch-Backed Judicial Junkets.” May 28, 2014. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/muckraker/rudolph- randa-koch-george-mason-junkets 285. The Nation. “Does Judge Rudolph Randa have A Conflict in the Scott Walker Case?” May 8, 2014. http://www.thenation.com/blog/179755/does-judge-rudolph-randa- have-conflict-scott-walker-case# 286. Wisconsin State Journal. “Judge’s order tossing ‘John Doe’ investigation is stayed.” May 7, 2014. http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/ article_12911db4-70c9-50ac-935b-27f5f61329de.html 287. PolitiFact, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Scott Walker says probe into his campaign finances is “resolved.” June 20, 2014. http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/state- ments/2014/jun/20/scott-walker/scott-walker-says-probe-his-campaign-finances- reso/ 288. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Federal court overturns Doe ruling, sends it back to state judges.” September 24, 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/ johndoe25-b99358722z1-276976981.html 289. Prosperity PAC. “About Paul Ryan.” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://www.pros- peritypac.com/bio/ 290. Chicago Sun-Times. “Paul Ryan’s hometown, Janesville, Wis., is ‘Ryanville.’” 8/11/12. http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/14425651-418/this-is-ryanville.html#.VAiR- RfldV8e 291. ABC News. “Paul Ryan Found himself at Miami university of Ohio.” August 13, 2012. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/08/paul-ryan-found-himself-at-miami- university-in-ohio/ 292. Prosperity PAC. “About Paul Ryan.” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://www.pros- peritypac.com/bio/ 293. u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “Paul Ryan Financial Disclosure

148 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Report, Filed May 15, 2014: Schedule A – Assets and ‘unearned’ Income.” Accessed October 23, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2013/10001149. pdf 294. CNN. “Paul Ryan Fast Facts.” November 9, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/01/ us/paul-ryan-fast-facts/ 295. Bloomberg. “Ryan’s Family Firm Gains From Government Spending he Criticizes.” October 11, 2012. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-10-11/ryan-s-family-firm- gains-from-government-spending-he-criticizes.html 296. National Journal. “The Rise of Paul Ryan, Presumptive Vice Presidential Nominee.” August 11, 2012. http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-election/the-rise-of-paul- ryan-presumptive-vice-presidential-nominee-20120811 297. CNN. “Paul Ryan Fast Facts.” November 9, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/01/ us/paul-ryan-fast-facts/ 298. CNN. “Paul Ryan Fast Facts.” November 9, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/01/ us/paul-ryan-fast-facts/ 299. CNN. “Paul Ryan Fast Facts.” November 9, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/01/ us/paul-ryan-fast-facts/ 300. Politico. “Paul Ryan VP pick: The ultimate Ryan primer.” August 11, 2012. http://dyn. politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=B903C2FD-D26B-4D66-A44e-B9Fe6C6C507C; New York Times. “Conservative Star’s Small-Town Roots.” August 13, 2012. http://www. nytimes.com/2012/08/13/us/politics/family-faith-and-politics-describe-life-of-paul- ryan.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1& 301. The New Yorker. “Fussbudget.” August 6, 2012. http://www.newyorker.com/maga- zine/2012/08/06/fussbudget?currentPage=all 302. Bloomberg. “Ryan’s Family Firm Gains From Government Spending he Criticizes.” October 11, 2012. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-10-11/ryan-s-family-firm- gains-from-government-spending-he-criticizes.html 303. Politico. “Paul Ryan VP pick: The ultimate Ryan primer.” August 11, 2012. http://dyn. politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=B903C2FD-D26B-4D66-A44e-B9Fe6C6C507C 304. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Touching on a tender topic; first lady stumps for Spott- swood.” April 28, 1998. http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1683&dat=199804 28&id=JDsqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZC4eAAAAIBAJ&pg=6752,6443183 305. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Ryan’s family, mentors shaped his politics.” April 26, 2009. 306. Boston Globe. “Paul Ryan’s early self-reliance laid ground for conservatism.” August 12, 2012. http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2012/08/11/paul-ryan-mitt- romney-running-mate-formed-beliefs-self-reliance-conservativism-from-early-age/ sVM8JhaWZyeyjixlb06L2M/story.html?camp=newsletter 307. CNN. “Could ‘personhood’ bills outlaw IVF?” August 30, 2012. http://edition.cnn. com/2012/08/30/health/ivf-outlawed/ 308. Mother Jones. “Pro-Lifers Should Stop Being So Skittish About Their Own Beliefs.” August 14, 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2012/08/pro-lifers- should-stop-being-so-skittish-about-their-own-beliefs 309. TPM. “Paul Ryan: Obama Doesn’t Truly Believe ‘We’re In This Together’ Because he’s Pro-Choice.” September 14, 2012. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/election2012/ paul-ryan-obama-doesn-t-truly-believe-we-re-in-this-together-because-he-s-pro- choice 310. New York Times. “Rep. Todd Akin: The Statement and the Reaction.” August 20, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/us/politics/rep-todd-akin-legitimate- rape-statement-and-reaction.html?_r=0 311. Washington Post. “Paul Ryan: The term ‘forcible rape’ was “stock language.” August 27, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2012/08/27/paul- ryan-the-term-forcible-rape-was-stock-language/; huffington Post. “Mitt Romney Distances Self From Todd Akin’s ‘Legitimate Rape’ Comments.” August 19, 2012. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/19/mitt-romney-todd-akin_n_1808317. html?1345428528 312. Office of Representative Paul Ryan. “The Cause of Life Can’t be Severed from the

ENDNOTES 149 Cause of Freedom.” September 20, 2010. http://paulryan.house.gov/news/docu- mentprint.aspx?DocumentID=207539 313. huffington Post. “Paul Ryan: 60 Percent Of Americans Are ‘Takers,’ Not ‘Makers.’” October 5, 2012. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/05/paul-ryan-60-percent- of-a_n_1943073.html 314. Paul Ryan. “The Way Forward: Renewing the American Idea.” August 19, 2014. 315. Times. “Paul Ryan loved Ayn Rand, before he said he didn’t.” August 12, 2012. http://articles.latimes.com/2012/aug/12/news/la-pn-vp-paul-ryan-ayn- rand-20120811 316. Forbes. “Paul Ryan’s Ayn Rand Offense.” August 30, 2012. http://www.forbes.com/ sites/stephenricher/2012/08/30/paul-ryans-ayn-rand-offense/ 317. Paul Ryan, The Way Forward. August 19, 2014. 318. CNN. “2012 election Center. December 10, 2012. http://edition.cnn.com/elec- tion/2012/results/race/president 319. New York Times. “Ryan Sees urban Vote as Reason G.O.P. Lost.” November 14, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/14/us/politics/ryan-sees-urban-vote-as- reason-gop-lost.html?_r=0 320. Politico. “Mitt Romney picks Paul Ryan as running mate.” August 10, 2014. http:// www.politico.com/news/stories/0812/79582.html 321. uSA Today. “Paul Ryan loses vice presidential bid, keeps house seat.” November 7, 2012. http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2012/11/06/paul-ryan-had-the- least-to-lose-on-election-night/1687899/ 322. OpenSecrets.org. “Rep. Paul Ryan.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www. opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00004357&cycle=2014; u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “election Statistics.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electioninfo/index.aspx; State of Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. “Wisconsin election Results.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://gab.wi.gov/elections-voting/results; Federal election Commission. “Details for Candidate ID: h8WI01024 – RYAN, PAuL D.” Accessed Sep- tember 4, 2014. http://www.fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail.do 323. OpenSecrets.org. “Prosperity Action.” Accessed September 19, 2014. https://www. opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00377689&cycle=2014; Federal election Commission. “Details for Committee ID: C00377689 – PROSPeRITY ACTION INC.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http://www.fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommit- teeDetail.do?candidateCommitteeId=C00377689&tabIndex=1 324. TPM. “Paul Ryan: Obama Doesn’t Truly Believe ‘We’re In This Together’ Because he’s Pro-Choice.” September 14, 2012. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/election2012/ paul-ryan-obama-doesn-t-truly-believe-we-re-in-this-together-because-he-s-pro- choice 325. MSNBC. “Paul Ryan: Science doesn’t get climate change.” October 14, 2014. http:// www.msnbc.com/msnbc/paul-ryan-science-doesnt-get-climate-change 326. Milwaukee Business Journal. “Paul Ryan opposes minimum wage hike, says it would nix jobs,” September 2, 2014 http://www.bizjournals.com/milwau- kee/news/2014/09/02/paul-ryan-opposes-minimum-wage-hike-says-it-would. html?page=all 327. Newsmax. “Ryan: Lilly Ledbetter Law is About Lawsuits, Not equal Pay.” Octo- ber 18, 2012. http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/lilly-ledbetter-ryan-law- suits/2012/10/18/id/460566/ 328. TPM. “Paul Ryan: We Can Totally Still Repeal Obamacare.” April 4, 2014. http://talk- ingpointsmemo.com/livewire/paul-ryan-we-can-still-repeal-obamacare 329. Washington Post. “Paul Ryan’s evolution on immigration: From pro-legalization to anti-amnesty,” August 14, 2012 http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/ wp/2012/08/14/paul-ryans-evolution-on-immigration-from-pro-legalization-to-anti- amnesty/ 330. house Budget Committee. “The Path to Prosperity: Restoring America’s Promise. Fiscal Year 2012 Budget Resolution.” April 12, 2011. http://budget.house.gov/up- loadedfiles/pathtoprosperityfy2012.pdf

150 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 331. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. “CBO Report: Ryan Plan Specifies Spend- ing Path That Would Nearly end Most of Government Other Than Social Security, health Care, and Defense by 2050.” April 7, 2011. http://www.cbpp.org/cms/index. cfm?fa=view&id=3453 332. Bipartisan Policy Center. “Paul Ryan’s Fiscal Year 2013 Budget: The Details.” March 21, 2012. http://web.archive.org/web/20120816235327/http://bipartisanpolicy.org/ blog/2012/03/ryan-fy13-budget 333. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. “‘Off the Charts blog: Ryan Budget hits Non-Defense Discretionary Funding Far More Than Sequestration Does.” March 14, 2013. http://www.offthechartsblog.org/ryan-budget-hits-non-defense-discretionary- funding-far-more-than-sequestration-does/ 334. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. “Ryan Plan Gets 69 Percent of Its Budget Cuts From Programs for People With Low or Moderate Incomes.” April 8, 2014. http://www.cbpp.org/cms/index.cfm?fa=view&id=4122 335. house Budget Committee. “The Path to Prosperity: A Blueprint for American Re- newal: Fiscal Year 2013 Budget Resolution.” March 23, 2012. http://budget.house. gov/uploadedfiles/pathtoprosperity2013.pdf 336. house Budget Committee. “The Path to Prosperity: A Responsible, Balanced Budget: Fiscal Year 2014 Budget Resolution.” March 13, 2013. http://budget.house.gov/up- loadedfiles/fy14budget.pdf 337. house Budget Committee. “The Path to Prosperity: Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Resolu- tion.” April 1, 2014. http://budget.house.gov/uploadedfiles/fy15_blueprint.pdf 338. Wall Street Journal. “GOP Aim: Cut $4 Trillion.” April 4, 2011. http://online.wsj.com/ news/articles/SB10001424052748703806304576240751124518520 339. Ryan, Paul. “A Roadmap for America’s Future, Version 2.0: A Plan to Solve America’s Long-Term economic and Fiscal Crisis.” January 28, 2010. http://roadmap.republi- cans.budget.house.gov/uploadedfiles/roadmap2final2.pdf 340. Ryan, Paul. “Report on The Path to American Prosperity: The house Republi- can Budget Alternative.” April 1, 2009. http://budget.house.gov/uploadedfiles/ pr20090401_gopbudget.pdf 341. Delisle, Jason. “unpacking Pell Grant Reforms in the house-Passed (‘Ryan’) Budget.” April 3, 2012. http://edmoney.newamerica.net/blogposts/2012/unpacking_pell_ grant_reforms_in_the_house_passed_ryan_budget-65989 342. u.S. News and World Report. “Student Loan Ranger blog: how Might Pell Grants Fare under Obama and Romney?” September 5, 2012. http://www.usnews.com/ education/blogs/student-loan-ranger/2012/09/05/how-might-pell-grants-fare- under-obama-and-romney 343. house Committee Budget, Republican Caucus. “Republican Substitute: The Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2009.” March 11, 2008. http://budget.house.gov/up- loadedfiles/march%20the%20budget%20resolution%20for%20fiscal%20year%20 2009.pdf; house Budget Committee, Republican Caucus. “Republican Substitute: The Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2008.” March 27, 2007. http://budget.house. gov/uploadedfiles/republican_substitute_summary_of_budget_resolution_for_fis- cal_year_2008_3272007.pdf 344. house Committee Budget, Republican Caucus. “Republican Substitute: The Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2009.” March 11, 2008. http://budget.house.gov/up- loadedfiles/march%20the%20budget%20resolution%20for%20fiscal%20year%20 2009.pdf; house Budget Committee, Republican Caucus. “Republican Substitute: The Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2008.” March 27, 2007. http://budget.house. gov/uploadedfiles/republican_substitute_summary_of_budget_resolution_for_fis- cal_year_2008_3272007.pdf 345. . “Rick Perry.” Accessed September 3, 2014. https://www.facebook.com/ GovernorPerry/info 346. Nexis Comprehensive Person Report. “James Richard Perry.” Accessed October 31, 2014. www.nexis.com 347. Des Moines Register. “Trivia question: “Which presidential candidate has a de- gree in economics?” September 21, 2011. http://caucuses.desmoinesregister.

ENDNOTES 151 com/2011/09/21/trivia-question-which-presidential-candidate-has-a-degree-in- economics/ 348. Office of the Governor. “Texas Governor Rick Perry.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://governor.state.tx.us/about/ 349. RickPerry.org. “Rick Perry, Governor of Texas.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.rickperry.org/about; New York Times. “Rick Perry’s Son emerges, a Tweet Off the Old Block.” January 12, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/13/us/politics/ rick-perrys-son-griffin-makes-a-name-for-himself-on-twitter.html?_r=1&; ABC News. “Rick Perry 2012: Republican Presidential Candidate.” September 2011. http:// abcnews.go.com/Politics/rick-perry-biography-republican-2012-presidential-candi- dates/story?id=14563878 350. RickPerry.org. “Rick Perry, Governor of Texas.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.rickperry.org/about 351. RickPerry.org. “Rick Perry, Governor of Texas.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.rickperry.org/about 352. CNN. “Rick Perry Fast Facts.” September 15, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/28/ us/rick-perry-fast-facts/ 353. CNN. “Rick Perry Fast Facts.” September 15, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/28/ us/rick-perry-fast-facts/ 354. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 355. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 356. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 357. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 358. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 359. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 360. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 361. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 362. New York Times. “Perry Breaks With a Fellow Texan: Bush.” July 5, 2011. http://www. nytimes.com/2011/07/06/us/politics/06perry.html 363. Texas Tribune. “Rick Perry: The Democrat Years.” July 14, 2011. http://www.texastri- bune.org/2011/07/14/rick-perry-democrat-years/ 364. Austin American-Statesman. “Perry goes New Age when it comes to personal health.” November 5, 2011. http://www.statesman.com/news/news/perry-goes- new-age-when-it-comes-to-personal-healt/nRgwg/ 365. Austin American-Statesman. “Perry goes New Age when it comes to personal health.” November 5, 2011. http://www.statesman.com/news/news/perry-goes- new-age-when-it-comes-to-personal-healt/nRgwg/ 366. New York Times. “Perry Breaks With a Fellow Texan: Bush.” July 5, 2011. http://www. nytimes.com/2011/07/06/us/politics/06perry.html 367. . “Rick Perry has a history of acrimony with George W. Bush.” June 30, 2011. http://articles.latimes.com/print/2011/jun/30/nation/la-na-0630-perry- bush-20110630 368. Los Angeles Times. “Rick Perry has a history of acrimony with George W. Bush.” June 30, 2011. http://articles.latimes.com/print/2011/jun/30/nation/la-na-0630-perry- bush-20110630 369. Los Angeles Times. “Rick Perry has a history of acrimony with George W. Bush.” June 30, 2011. http://articles.latimes.com/print/2011/jun/30/nation/la-na-0630-perry- bush-20110630 370. Washington Post. “Breaking down Rick Perry’s ‘Texas miracle.’” August 15, 2011.

152 2016 SCOUTING REPORT http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/post/breaking-down-rick-perrys- texas-miracle/2011/08/15/gIQAzRhFhJ_blog.html 371. Dallas Observer. “Rick Perry’s Manufactured Miracle.” October 6, 2011. http://www. dallasobserver.com/2011-10-06/news/rick-perry-s-manufactured-miracle/ 372. Dallas Observer. “Rick Perry’s Manufactured Miracle.” October 6, 2011. http://www. dallasobserver.com/2011-10-06/news/rick-perry-s-manufactured-miracle/ 373. Texas Observer. “Slush Fun.” March 11, 2010. http://www.texasobserver.org/slush- fun/ 374. Texas Observer. “Slush Fun.” March 11, 2010. http://www.texasobserver.org/slush- fun/ 375. Texas Observer. “Slush Fun.” March 11, 2010. http://www.texasobserver.org/slush- fun/ 376. New York Times. “Perry Mines Texas System to Raise Cash for Campaigns.” August 20, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/21/us/politics/21donate.html 377. Washington Post. “Rick Perry family’s hunting camp still known to many by old racially charged name.” October 1, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/ rick-perry-familys-hunting-camp-still-known-to-many-by-old-racially-charged- name/2011/10/01/gIQAOhY5DL_story.html 378. CBS News. “Rick Perry fails to remember what agency he’d get rid of in GOP debate.” November 10, 2011. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/rick-perry-fails-to- remember-what-agency-hed-get-rid-of-in-gop-debate/ 379. CBS News. “Republican debate winners and losers: A disastrous night for Perry.” November 10, 2011. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/republican-debate-winners- and-losers-a-disastrous-night-for-perry/ 380. FOX News. “Perry drops out of Republican presidential race, endorses Gingrich.” January 19, 2012. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2012/01/19/perry-to-drop-out- gop-presidential-race/ 381. Dallas Morning News. “Gov. Rick Perry indicted on charges of abuse of power, co- ercion.” August 18, 2014. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-news/20140815- gov.-rick-perry-indicted-in-alleged-abuse-of-power.ece 382. CNN. “Texas Gov. Rick Perry indicted on two felony charges.” August 15, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/15/politics/rick-perry-indictment/ 383. CNN. “Texas Gov. Rick Perry indicted on two felony charges.” August 15, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/15/politics/rick-perry-indictment/ 384. CNN. “Defiant Rick Perry at courthouse: ‘We will prevail.’” August 19, 2014. http:// www.cnn.com/2014/08/19/politics/perry-indictment-booked/ 385. Dallas Morning News. “Travis DA’s drunken-driving arrest riled Perry; others’ didn’t.’” August 19, 2014. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/state/headlines/20140819- travis-das-drunken-driving-arrest-riled-perry-others-didnt.ece 386. Texas Tribune. “What Did Perry’s Grand Jury Know?” August 19, 2014. http://www. texastribune.org/2014/08/19/context-perrys-veto/ 387. Dallas Morning News. “uT Regent Wallace hall investigation to go before grand jury.” September 4, 2014. http://trailblazersblog.dallasnews.com/2014/09/ut-regent- wallace-hall-investigation-to-go-before-grand-jury.html/ 388. Dallas Morning News. “Perry defends embattled uT regent.” October 30, 2013. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/state/headlines/20131030-perry-defends-embat- tled-ut-regent.ece 389. San Antonio express-News. “uT regent hall is an embarrassment.” March 31, 2014. http://www.mysanantonio.com/opinion/editorials/article/uT-regent-hall-is-an- embarrassment-5364544.php 390. Texas Monthly. “Is This the Most Dangerous Man in Texas?” August 2014. http:// www.texasmonthly.com/story/ut-regent-wallace-hall-controversy-investigation-and- impeachment 391. Dallas Morning News. “Panel censures but doesn’t impeach uT Regent Wallace hall.” August 11, 2014. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/state/ headlines/20140811-panel-censures-but-doesnt-impeach-hall.ece 392. Dallas Morning News. “Lawmakers send report on uT regent Wallace hall to pros-

ENDNOTES 153 ecutors for possible criminal action.” April 14, 2014. http://trailblazersblog.dallas- news.com/2014/04/investigative-report-on-ut-regent-wallace-hall-referred-to-travis- county-and-district-attorneys.html/ 393. Dallas Morning News. “Gov. Rick Perry indicted on charges of abuse of power, co- ercion.” August 18, 2014. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-news/20140815- gov.-rick-perry-indicted-in-alleged-abuse-of-power.ece 394. CNN. “Defiant Rick Perry at courthouse: ‘We will prevail.’” August 19, 2014. http:// www.cnn.com/2014/08/19/politics/perry-indictment-booked/ 395. CNN. “Texas Gov. Rick Perry indicted on two felony charges.” August 15, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/15/politics/rick-perry-indictment/ 396. houston Chronicle. “Perry letter commending hillary Clinton found.” March 29, 2005. http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Perry-letter-commending- hillary-Clinton-found-1914428.phpa 397. Washington Post. “Rick Perry’s immigration record: A hard line at the border, a softer touch in Austin.” September 14, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ politics/rick-perrys-immigration-record-a-hard-line-at-the-border-a-softer-touch-in- austin/2014/09/14/3cd7adc4-3518-11e4-9e92-0899b306bbea_story.html 398. Washington Post. “Rick Perry’s immigration record: A hard line at the border, a softer touch in Austin.” September 14, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ politics/rick-perrys-immigration-record-a-hard-line-at-the-border-a-softer-touch-in- austin/2014/09/14/3cd7adc4-3518-11e4-9e92-0899b306bbea_story.html 399. Washington Post. “Rick Perry reverses himself, calls hPV vaccine mandate a ‘mis- take.’” September 13, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/rick-perry-re- verses-himself-calls-hpv-vaccine-mandate-a-mistake/2011/08/16/gIQAM2azJJ_story. html 400. Washington Post. “Rick Perry reverses himself, calls hPV vaccine mandate a ‘mis- take.’” September 13, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/rick-perry-re- verses-himself-calls-hpv-vaccine-mandate-a-mistake/2011/08/16/gIQAM2azJJ_story. html 401. Influence explorer. “Rick Perry.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://influenceex- plorer.com/politician/rick-perry/e9105ffe3010431fb170ff28efdb6801?cycle=2012; National Institute on Money in State Politics. “Perry, James Richard (Rick).” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://www.followthemoney.org/entity-details?eid=11291411; Office of the Secretary of State. “1992 – Current election history.” Accessed Septem- ber 3, 2014. http://elections.sos.state.tx.us/elchist.exe; Los Angeles Times. August 30, 1990. RickPerry.org. “About.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://www.rickperry. org/about; Office of the Governor Rick Perry. “Governor Perry.” Accessed Septem- ber 3, 2014. http://governor.state.tx.us/about/; uSA Today. November 8, 1990. 402. ABC News. “Rick Perry Clarifies Abortion Stand, Mother’s Life Only exception.” December 28, 2011. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/12/rick-perry-modi- fied-abortion-stand-again-mothers-life-only-exception/ 403. Politico. “Rick Perry: ‘We Will Continue To Fight.” February 26, 2014. http://www. politico.com/story/2014/02/rick-perry-texas-gay-marriage-104000.html 404. ABC 13. “Perry Defends Position On Bill To Impose Background Checks For Gun Buyers.” May 2, 2013. http://abc13.com/archive/9088277/ 405. Sunshine State News. “hello, 2016? Marco Rubio and Rick Perry Get Busy in Iowa.” May 7, 2014. http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/story/lieu-2016-marco-rubio-and- rick-perry-get-busy-iowa 406. Washington Post. “Rick Perry’s made-up ‘facts’ about climate change.” August 18, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact-checker/post/rick-perrys-made- up-facts-about-climate-change/2011/08/17/gIQApVF5LJ_blog.html 407. PolitiFact. “Rick Perry says Social Security is a Ponzi Scheme.” September 12, 2011. http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2011/sep/12/rick-perry/rick- perry-says-social-security-ponzi-scheme/ 408. CBS News. “Perry toughens anti-abortion stance.” December 28, 2011. http://www. cbsnews.com/news/perry-toughens-anti-abortion-stance/ 409. GOP Leadership. “Marco Rubio.” Accessed October 31, 2014. https://gop.com/lead-

154 2016 SCOUTING REPORT ers/senator-marco-rubio-fl 410. NBC Miami. “In West Miami, Locals Watch Latest Step in Senator Marco Rubio’s Po- litical Career.” February 13, 2013. http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/In-West-Mi- ami-Locals-Watch-Latest-Step-in-Senator-Marco-Rubios-Political-Career-190973471. html 411. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Rubio, Marco.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000595 412. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Rubio, Marco.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000595 413. uSA Today. “Fla. Sen. Marco Rubio, the fast-rising ‘American son.’” June 18, 2012. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/politics/story/2012-06-12/florida-marco- rubio-interview/55654626/1 414. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Rubio, Marco.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000595 415. OpenSecrets. “Marco Rubio (R-Fla).” Accessed October 31, 2014. https://www. opensecrets.org/pfds/otherdata.php?year=2011&cid=N00030612 416. OpenSecrets. “Marco Rubio (R-Fla).” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www. opensecrets.org/pfds/otherdata.php?year=20100&cid=N00030612 417. OpenSecrets. “Marco Rubio (R-Fla).” Accessed October 31, 2014. https://www. opensecrets.org/pfds/otherdata.php?year=2009&cid=N00030612 418. OpenSecrets. “Marco Rubio (R-Fla).” Accessed October 31, 2014. https://www. opensecrets.org/pfds/otherdata.php?year=2009&cid=N00030612 419. Open Secrets. “Rubio, Marco: Income.” 2009, 2012 http://www.opensecrets.org/ pfds/otherdata.php?cid=N00030612&year=2009 420. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Rubio, Marco.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000595 421. Annual Report, “Part 2. earned and Non-Investment Income,” united States Senate Office of Public Records, Filed 5/15/14. https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/view/ annual/6aad535c-ea12-4d64-9397-015dd1d2adc4/ 422. Tallahassee Democrat. “Marco Rubio: Failed government policies threaten college dreams.” March 3, 2012. 423. FOX News. “Student loans are a burden but it’s the lack of jobs that hurts America more.” May 8, 2012. http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2012/05/08/student-loans- are-burden-but-it-lack-jobs-that-hurts-america-more/ 424. Rubio, Marco. “An American Son.” June 19, 2012. 425. Rubio, Marco. “An American Son.” June 19, 2012. 426. Rubio, Marco. “An American Son.” June 19, 2012. 427. New York Times. “A College Acts in Desperation And Dies Playing the Lender.” April 17, 1991. http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/17/education/a-college-acts-in-despera- tion-and-dies-playing-the-lender.html?src=pm&pagewanted=1 428. Tallahassee Democrat. “Marco Rubio: Failed government policies threaten college dreams.” March 3, 2012. 429. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 430. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 431. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 432. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 433. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114

ENDNOTES 155 434. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 435. CNN. “high stakes for Rubio’s high-profile response to Obama.” February 12, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/12/politics/state-of-the-union-rubio-profile/ 436. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s Meteoric Rise in Florida Politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric- rise-in-florida-politics/1127114 437. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 438. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 439. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 440. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s meteoric rise in Florida politics.” October 9, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/elections/marco-rubios-meteoric-rise-in- florida-politics/1127114 441. Miami herald. “State house revamp isn’t cheap; State house Speaker Marco Rubio is ramping up salaries and increasing his staff, saying it’s part of his promise to transform government.” December 13, 2006. 442. Miami herald. “State house revamp isn’t cheap; State house Speaker Marco Rubio is ramping up salaries and increasing his staff, saying it’s part of his promise to transform government.” December 13, 2006. 443. Sarasota herald-Tribune. “Speaker’s spending is raising eyebrows; house GOP leader in Tallahassee is paying top dollar to aides.” December 11, 2006. 444. Palm Beach Post. “house Speaker Spending $550,000 On Remodel To Get Officials Working.” December 6, 2006. 445. Daytona Beach News-Journal. “Dng Rm w/o Vu No sale to Floridians looking for sunshine.” December 11, 2006. 446. Sarasota herald-Tribune. “Speaker’s spending is raising eyebrows; house GOP leader in Tallahassee is paying top dollar to aides.” December 11, 2006. 447. St. Petersburg Times. “Rubio on PBS’ Newshour with .” May 7, 2007. 448. Miami herald. “State may get early primary; Florida, California and Michigan are among the large states jockeying for earlier presidential primaries in 2008.” Decem- ber 4, 2006. 449. Miami herald. “State may get early primary; Florida, California and Michigan are among the large states jockeying for earlier presidential primaries in 2008.” Decem- ber 4, 2006. 450. BuzzFeed. “Rubio Argued In 2006 Book For Moving up Florida Primary.” May 7, 2013. http://www.buzzfeed.com/andrewkaczynski/rubio-argued-in-2006-for-mov- ing-up-florida-primary 451. Cox News Service. “Do we really want Florida picking more presidents?” November 26, 2006. 452. Tampa Bay Times. “RNC panel votes to punish Florida GOP for early primary.” Janu- ary 11, 2012. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/national/rnc-panel-votes-to- punish-florida-gop-for-early-primary/1210160 453. Washington Post. “Marco Rubio’s compelling family story embellishes facts, docu- ments show.” October 20, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/marco- rubios-compelling-family-story-embellishes-facts-documents-show/2011/10/20/ gIQAaVhD1L_story.html 454. Rubio Senate Biography. Accessed October 20, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost. com/wp-srv/politics/graphics/Rubio_bio_Senate.jpg 455. WTVT-Fox 13 and Marco Rubio’s YouTube page. “Rubio on Tampa Bay Fox 13 (One of Two).” July 24, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_

156 2016 SCOUTING REPORT embedded&v=6FSJsrAoARu 456. Finance Wire. “American Nightly Scoreboard for November 3, 2009.” November 4, 2009. 457. Washington Post. “Marco Rubio’s compelling family story embellishes facts, docu- ments show.” October 20, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/marco- rubios-compelling-family-story-embellishes-facts-documents-show/2011/10/20/ gIQAaVhD1L_story.html 458. Washington Post. “Marco Rubio’s compelling family story embellishes facts, docu- ments show.” October 20, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/marco- rubios-compelling-family-story-embellishes-facts-documents-show/2011/10/20/ gIQAaVhD1L_story.html 459. St. Petersburg Times. “Documents give shape to Marco Rubio’s family history but raise new questions.” October 25, 2011. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/ national/documents-give-shape-to-marco-rubios-family-history-but-raise-new- questions/1198570 460. St. Petersburg Times. “Documents give shape to Marco Rubio’s family history but raise new questions.” October 25, 2011. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/ national/documents-give-shape-to-marco-rubios-family-history-but-raise-new- questions/1198570 461. National Journal. “how Marco Rubio evolved on Immigration Reform.” January 29, 2013. http://www.nationaljournal.com/politics/how-marco-rubio-evolved-on-immi- gration-reform-20130129 462. Associated Press. “Marco Rubio Stresses Border Security After Fallout With Conservatives Over Reform.” September 13, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost. com/2014/09/13/marco-rubio-immigration_n_5815368.html 463. National Journal. “how Marco Rubio evolved on Immigration Reform.” January 29, 2013. http://www.nationaljournal.com/politics/how-marco-rubio-evolved-on-immi- gration-reform-20130129 464. Associated Press. “Marco Rubio Stresses Border Security After Fallout With Conservatives Over Reform.” September 13, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost. com/2014/09/13/marco-rubio-immigration_n_5815368.html 465. 51 Washington Post. “What’s driving Marco Rubio’s big shift in tone.” August 27, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/08/27/whats- driving-marco-rubios-big-shift-in-tone/ 466. Talking Points Memo. “Jim DeMint: Rubio has Been ‘hurt Some’ By Immigration Reform (VIDeO).” September 6, 2013. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/jim- demint-rubio-has-been-hurt-some-by-immigration 467. . “: Immigration could spoil Marco Rubio’s presi- dential chances.” May 27, 2013. http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/byron-york- immigration-could-spoil-marco-rubios-presidential-chances/article/2530585 468. Breitbart. “Can Rubio Fix Damage Done in Rush to Push Immigration Reform?” July 2, 2013. http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2013/07/01/Rubio-s-burned- bridges-Senator-damaged-ties-to-conservatives-establishment-GOP-to-get-immigra- tion-bill-passed 469. huffington Post. “Steve King: Immigration Will Damage Marco Rubio In 2016.” May 28, 2013. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/28/steve-king-immigration-mar- co-rubio_n_3347206.html 470. Newsmax. “Rubio Immigration Push has Republicans Seeking Others in ’16.” August 15, 2013. http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/rubio-immigration-political-dam- age/2013/08/15/id/520621/ 471. National Catholic Reporter. “Shame on Rubio.” October 29, 2013. http://ncronline. org/blogs/distinctly-catholic/shame-rubio; Tampa Bay Times. “Sen. Marco Rubio wants to ‘wind down’ program for immigrant youth.” July 24, 2014. http://www. tampabay.com/news/politics/national/sen-marco-rubio-wants-to-wind-down-de- ferred-action-program-for-immigrant/2189972; Reuters. “Rubio unsettles Immigra- tion Reform Supporters.” July 27, 2013. http://www.denverpost.com/ci_23355351/ rubio-unsettles-immigration-reform-supporters; Tampa Bay Times. “Sen. Marco

ENDNOTES 157 Rubio wants to ‘wind down’ program for immigrant youth.” July 24, 2014. http:// www.tampabay.com/news/politics/national/sen-marco-rubio-wants-to-wind-down- deferred-action-program-for-immigrant/2189972; NPR. “Rubio: u.S. Cannot Admit All Children Seeking Asylum.” July 22, 2014. http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo- way/2014/07/22/333767950/rubio-u-s-cannot-admit-all-children-seeking-asylum 472. National Institute on Money in State Politics. “Rubio, Marco.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www.followthemoney.org/entity-details?eid=12999040; OpenSecrets. org. “ Race.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www.opensecrets. org/races/summary.php?id=fls2&cycle=2010; MarcoRubio.com. Accessed Sep- tember 4, 2014. http://www.marcorubio.com/; Washington Post. “Florida election results 2010: Marco Rubio beats Meek, Crist to claim Senate seat.” November 2, 2010. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/02/ AR2010110206659.html; Our Campaigns via archive.today. “Florida State house 111.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://archive.today/6fATR 473. OpenSecrets.org. “Reclaim America PAC.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http:// www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00500025&cycle=2014 474. Los Angeles Times. “Marco Rubio says human activity isn’t causing climate change.” May 11, 2014. http://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/politicsnow/la-pn-rubio- denies-climate-change-20140511-story.html 475. Politico. “Marco Rubio cites abortion to defend climate comments.” May 14, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/05/marco-rubio-abortion-climate- change-106691.html 476. CBS Miami. “Rubio Vows to Gun Legislation.” March 28, 2013. http://mi- ami.cbslocal.com/2013/03/28/rubio-vows-to-filibuster-gun-legislation/ 477. Sun Sentinel. “Marco Rubio: Supreme Court mistaken on same-sex marriage.” June 26, 2013. http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2013-06-26/news/sfl-marco-rubio-su- preme-court-mistaken-on-samesex-marriage-20130626_1_marriage-act-supreme- court-equality 478. National Review Online. “Marco Rubio Op-ed: Saving Social Security and Medicare.” August 5, 2014. http://www.nationalreview.com/article/384638/saving-social-securi- ty-and-medicare-marco-rubio 479. Politico. “Marco Rubio Op-ed: America Needs Innovation, Not Political Stunts.” Sep- tember 14, 2014. http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/09/the-right-path- boost-america-in-a-global-economy-110930.html#.VFk2D_nF98F 480. Talking Points Memo. “Republicans Block Dems’ equal Pay For Women Bill.” June 5, 2012. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/dc/republicans-block-dems-equal-pay-for- women-bill 481. Politico. “Marco Rubio pushes working-class appeal.” June 25, 2014. http://www. politico.com/story/2014/06/marco-rubio-domestic-agenda-108313.html?hp=r2 482. Newsmax. “Rubio Keeps Distance Over Scott’s Medicaid expansion.” February 26, 2013. http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/marco-rubio-rick-scott/2013/02/26/ id/492170/ 483. CBS Miami. “Rubio Plans to Join Filibuster of house Budget Defunding Obamacare.” September 24, 2013. http://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/09/24/rubio-plans-to-join- filibuster-of-house-budget-defunding-obamacare/ 484. St. Petersburg Times. “Marco Rubio’s personal finances clash with call for fiscal discipline.” October 21, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/national/ marco-rubios-personal-finances-clash-with-call-for-fiscal-discipline/1129566 485. St. Petersburg Times. “The mystery of who paid for Marco Rubio’s family reunion.” March 23, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/content/ mystery-who-paid-marco-rubios-family-reunion 486. St. Petersburg Times. “The mystery of who paid for Marco Rubio’s family reunion.” March 23, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/content/ mystery-who-paid-marco-rubios-family-reunion 487. St. Petersburg Times. “Former fan says Marco Rubio charged home remodeling on GOP credit card.” September 24, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/ elections/former-fan-says-marco-rubio-charged-home-remodeling-on-gop-credit-

158 2016 SCOUTING REPORT card/1123658 488. WTSP. “Former GOP Chair Jim Greer opens up for the first time to 10 News In- vestigators.” September 11, 2011. http://www.wtsp.com/news/article/208339/8/ Former-GOP-Chair-Jim-Greer-opens-up-for-the-first-time-to-10-News-Investigators; St. Petersburg Times. “Former fan says Marco Rubio charged home remodeling on GOP credit card.” September 24, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/ elections/former-fan-says-marco-rubio-charged-home-remodeling-on-gop-credit- card/1123658 489. St. Petersburg Times. “The mystery of who paid for Marco Rubio’s family reunion.” March 23, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/content/ mystery-who-paid-marco-rubios-family-reunion 490. St. Petersburg Times. “Records show Marco Rubio spent thousands with GOP credit card.” February 24, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/legislature/ records-show-marco-rubio-spent-thousands-with-gop-credit-card/1075692 491. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio’s $130 haircut. Or was it mani-pedi? Moisturizing treatment?” February 24, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida- politics/content/marco-rubios-130-haircut-or-was-it-mani-pedi-moisturizing-treat- ment 492. Tampa Bay Times. “Marco Rubio says double-billing of nearly $3,000 for flights was ‘mistake.’” February 26, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/legislature/ marco-rubio-says-double-billing-of-nearly-3000-for-flights-was-mistake/1076068 493. St. Petersburg Times. “Marco Rubio says double-billing of nearly $3,000 for flights was ‘mistake.’” February 27, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/ legislature/marco-rubio-says-double-billing-of-nearly-3000-for-flights-was-mis- take/1076068; St. Petersburg Times. “Records show Marco Rubio spent thousands with GOP credit card.” February 24, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/ politics/legislature/records-show-marco-rubio-spent-thousands-with-gop-credit- card/1075692 494. PolitiFact Florida. “Rubio says GOP credit card paid with ‘my money.’” March 11, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/florida/statements/2010/mar/11/marco-rubio/ rubio-gop-credit-card-my-money/ 495. Leon County Circuit Court. “Case No. 37-2010-CA-002070.” Filed June 14, 2010; Leon County Clerk of Courts. “Book 3258, pp. 367: Warranty Deed.” Filed March 24, 2005. http://cvweb.clerk.leon.fl.us/cvimage/official_records/download_document.asp?bo ok=3258&page=00367&type=OR&jwuser=&subnet=; Palm Beach Post. “Rubio faces foreclosure on Tally home; his campaign says it’s resolved.” June 17, 2010. http:// www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/state-regional/rubio-faces-foreclosure-on- tally-home-his-campaign/nL7st/ 496. Palm Beach Post. “Rubio faces foreclosure on Tally home; his campaign says it’s re- solved.” June 17, 2010 http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/state-regional/ rubio-faces-foreclosure-on-tally-home-his-campaign/nL7st/ 497. New York Times. “Florida: Senate Candidate Faces Foreclosure.” June 18, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/19/us/19brfs-SeNATeCANDID_BRF.html?_r=0 498. Miami herald. “Marco Rubio campaigns with close pal on shaky political ground, David Rivera.” October 21, 2010. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/stater- oundup/marco-rubio-campaigns-with-close-pal-on-shaky-political-ground-david- rivera/1129313 499. Tampa Bay Times. “Balz Book: David Rivera helped sink Rubio’s VP prospects.” July 3, 2013. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/balz-book-david- rivera-helped-sink-rubios-vp-prospects/2129798 500. huffington Post. “Scandal-Ridden David Rivera To Resume Campaign For Con- gress.” August 13, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/13/david-rivera- congress_n_5674987.html 501. Tampa Bay Times. “$8,000 fine for Rubio was not first from FeC.” April 30, 2012. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/content/8000-fine-rubio- was-not-first-fec; Tampa Bay Times. “FeC fines Rubio $8k for campaign contributor violations.” April 27, 2012. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-poli-

ENDNOTES 159 tics/content/fec-fines-rubio-8k-campaign-contributor-violations 502. Tampa Bay Times. “$8,000 fine for Rubio was not first from FeC.” April 30, 2012. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/content/8000-fine-rubio- was-not-first-fec 503. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Kasich, John.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000016 504. holmes County Board Of elections. “All Candidates.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.holmescountyboardofelections.com/20140506%20Candidates%20%20 Issues.htm 505. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Kasich, John.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000016 506. The Columbus Dispatch. “Focused on her Family.” September 27, 2010. http://www. dispatch.com/content/stories/life_and_entertainment/2010/09/27/focused-on-her- family.html?sid=101 507. The Ohio ethics Commission. “John Kasich Financial Disclosure Statement – ‘8. In- vestments Over $1,000.’” Filed April 4, 2014. http://ethics.ohio.gov/disclosure/index. shtml 508. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Kasich, John.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000016 509. The Columbus Dispatch. “Kasich made more than $1 million in 2008, tax returns show.” April 2, 2010. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2010/04/02/ kasich-releases-2008-tax-returns.html; Forbes. “John Kasich.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.forbes.com/profile/john-kasich/ 510. Bloomberg. “Governor Kasich uses his Fox News Know-how to Take on Ohio’s Pub- lic unions.” April, 20. 2011. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-04-20/governor- kasich-uses-his-fox-news-know-how-to-take-on-ohio-s-public-unions.html 511. Forbes. “John Kasich.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.forbes.com/profile/ john-kasich/ 512. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Kasich, John.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000016 513. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Kasich, John.” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000016 514. Associated Press. “Candidates.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://hosted.ap.org/ dynamic/external/pre-election/bios/36679.html?SITe=WBFFeLN&SeCTION=POLITIC S&TeMPLATe=DeFAuLT 515. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “After some lean and mean years, a maverick goes main- stream in Congress: John Kasich 5.0.” May 13, 2014. http://www.cleveland.com/ open/index.ssf/2014/05/after_some_lean_and_mean_years.html; New York Times. “house Budget Chairman Leaves Obscurity Behind.” May 13, 1995. http://www. nytimes.com/1995/05/13/us/house-budget-chairman-leaves-obscurity-behind.html 516. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “After some lean and mean years, a maverick goes main- stream in Congress: John Kasich 5.0.” May 13, 2014. http://www.cleveland.com/ open/index.ssf/2014/05/after_some_lean_and_mean_years.html 517. Columbus Dispatch. “Kasich Pitching Budget.” May 2, 1997. 518. PolitiFact. “John Kasich touts role in balancing budget, creating surplus, boosting jobs.” October 31, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/ohio/statements/2010/oct/31/ john-kasich/john-kasich-touts-role-balancing-budget-creating-s/ 519. PolitiFact. “John Kasich touts role in balancing budget, creating surplus, boosting jobs.” October 31, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/ohio/statements/2010/oct/31/ john-kasich/john-kasich-touts-role-balancing-budget-creating-s/ 520. PolitiFact. “John Kasich touts role in balancing budget, creating surplus, boosting jobs.” October 31, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/ohio/statements/2010/oct/31/ john-kasich/john-kasich-touts-role-balancing-budget-creating-s/ 521. Northeast Ohio Media Group. “Choice of a new generation? ‘Jolt Cola’ presidential campaign quickly goes flat: John Kasich 5.0.” May 14, 2014. http://www.cleveland. com/open/index.ssf/2014/05/choice_of_a_new_generation_jol.html 522. Northeast Ohio Media Group. “Choice of a new generation? ‘Jolt Cola’ presidential

160 2016 SCOUTING REPORT campaign quickly goes flat: John Kasich 5.0.” May 14, 2014. http://www.cleveland. com/open/index.ssf/2014/05/choice_of_a_new_generation_jol.html 523. The Columbus Dispatch. “Candidate connected pensions, Lehman; but he says ef- forts in 2002 didn’t lead to later deals that lost millions.” May 12, 2010. 524. The Columbus Dispatch. “Candidate connected pensions, Lehman; but he says ef- forts in 2002 didn’t lead to later deals that lost millions.” May 12, 2010. 525. Northeast Ohio Media Group. “Recovering politician bides his time at Lehman Brothers and Fox News: A John Kasich 5.0 interlude.” May 14, 2014. http://www. cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2014/05/recovering_politician_bides_hi.html 526. u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “house Vote 156.” May 5, 1994. http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1994/roll156.xml; . “Key house Votes.” December 31, 1994. http://www.cq.com/doc/weeklyreport-WR103406571 527. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “After some lean and mean years, a maverick goes main- stream in Congress: John Kasich 5.0.” May 13, 2014. http://www.cleveland.com/ open/index.ssf/2014/05/after_some_lean_and_mean_years.html 528. Voice of America Tea Party Rally. “Kasich Q&A.” September 5, 2009. https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=5T-wLb2WRrs 529. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Strickland picks up major endorsement from NRA in gov- ernor’s race.” June 14, 2010. http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2010/06/ strickland_picks_up_major_endo.html 530. Washington Post. “Despite what Kasich says, it’s hard to separate Medicaid expan- sion from Obamacare.” October 21, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ wonkblog/wp/2014/10/21/kasich-medicaid/ 531. Associated Press. “GOP governors don’t see ‘Obamacare’ going away.” October 20, 2014. http://m.apnews.com/ap/db_289563/contentdetail. htm?contentguid=zV7gzBth 532. Politico. “Gov. John Kasich: Repeal Obamacare, but not all of it.” October 20, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/10/john-kasich-obamacare-repeal-112048. html#ixzz3Gjv8mutV 533. CongressDaily. “Kasich Floats healthcare Plan Without employer Mandate.” April 4, 1994. 534. Washington Post. “Ohio’s John Kasich wants to redefine the Republican Party.” Oc- tober 15, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ohios-kasich-wants-to-re- define-the-republican-party/2014/10/14/7d526026-4ff1-11e4-aa5e-7153e466a02d_ story.html 535. Wall Street Journal. “William Jefferson Kasich.” May 22, 1997. http://www.gpo.gov/ fdsys/pkg/CReC-1997-05-23/html/CReC-1997-05-23-pt1-Pge1051-2.htm 536. Akron Beacon Journal. “Kasich hopes Revealing Pay Quiets Critics.” April 3, 2010. http://www.ohio.com/news/kasich-hopes-revealing-pay-quiets-critics-1.190843; Invacare. http://www.invacare.com/cgi-bin/imhqprd/default.jsp 537. Akron Beacon Journal. “It’s Complicated.” August 31, 2010.; Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Strickland’s slap at Invacare.” September 5, 2010.; united States Securities and exchange Commission. “Filing: Invacare Corporation.” April 9, 2007. http://www.sec. gov/Archives/edgar/data/742112/000074211207000021/proxy2007.txt 538. Invacare. “Annual Shareholder Report Filed With The Securities And exchange Commission (S P. 1-36).” April 10, 2008. http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/ vprr/08/9999999997-08-019067 539. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Invacare cuts 225 jobs at factory in elyria.” February 14, 2006. 540. Journal of Commerce. “house Plan Takes Aim At Trade, Transport.” May 11, 1995. 541. Columbus Dispatch. “INVACARe CORP. Strickland ad attacked us, Ohio company says.” August 31, 2010.; National Review. “John Kasich Catches Fire. (In the Good Way.).” August 18, 2010. http://www.nationalreview.com/campaign-spot/244094/ john-kasich-catches-fire-good-way; WTOC. “Governor Race: Kasich keeps narrow lead over Strickland.” October 28, 2010. http://www.wtoc.com/story/13402627/ governor-race-kasich-keeps-narrow-lead-over-strickland; Columbus Dispatch. “Lo- rain company blasts Strickland for campaign ad.” August 31, 2010. http://www.ohio.

ENDNOTES 161 com/news/lorain-company-blasts-strickland-for-campaign-ad-1.178056 542. Associated Press. “Kasich would take state development agency private.” August 17, 2010. 543. JD Supra. “Administration prepares to roll out JobsOhio II.” August 19, 2011. http:// documents.jdsupra.com/fdef9f51-2ec0-41c9-9ebd-ba6ac8f47d8e.pdf 544. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Should JobsOhio be view as public or private?” September 17, 2013. http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2013/09/should_jobsohio_be_ viewed_as_p.html 545. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “It’s in Gov. Kasich’s interests to fix JobsOhio by getting the GOP-controlled legislature to fix the law: editorial.” August 28, 2013. http://www. cleveland.com/opinion/index.ssf/2013/08/its_in_gov_kasichs_interests_t.html 546. Columbus Dispatch. “Kasich cleared of FitzGerald’s ethics complaints.” August 16, 2013. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/public/2013/08/15/kasich-ethics- probe.html 547. Influence explorer. Accessed April 21, 2014. http://influenceexplorer.com/politi- cian/john-r-kasich-r/31b3a378578f48cb80acbbb15de6e5cd 548. Columbus Dispatch. “JobsOhio fights to fix portrayal.” September 1, 2013. http:// www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2013/09/01/jobsohio-fights-to-fix-portray- al.html 549. Columbus Dispatch. “unions get revenge as Issue 2 fails.” November 9, 2011. http:// www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/11/08/1-issue-2-election.html 550. Columbus Dispatch. “unions get revenge as Issue 2 fails.” November 9, 2011. http:// www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/11/08/1-issue-2-election.html 551. Cincinnati enquirer. “Issue 2 rejected, overturning SB 5.” November 9, 2011. http:// archive.cincinnati.com/article/20111108/NeWS0108/111090341/Issue-2-rejected- overturning-SB-5 552. Northeast Ohio Media Group. “Gov. John Kasich signs Senate Bill 5 as supporters and opponents gear up for huge referendum.” March 31, 2011. http://www.cleve- land.com/open/index.ssf/2011/03/gov_john_kasich_signs_senate_b.html 553. Columbus Dispatch. “unions get revenge as Issue 2 fails.” November 9, 2011. http:// www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/11/08/1-issue-2-election.html 554. Columbus Dispatch. “unions get revenge as Issue 2 fails.” November 9, 2011. http:// www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/11/08/1-issue-2-election.html 555. Cincinnati enquirer. “Issue 2 rejected, overturning SB 5.” November 9, 2011. http:// archive.cincinnati.com/article/20111108/NeWS0108/111090341/Issue-2-rejected- overturning-SB-5 556. Columbus Dispatch. “unions get revenge as Issue 2 fails.” November 9, 2011. http:// www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/11/08/1-issue-2-election.html 557. Cincinnati enquirer. “Issue 2 rejected, overturning SB 5.” November 9, 2011. http:// archive.cincinnati.com/article/20111108/NeWS0108/111090341/Issue-2-rejected- overturning-SB-5 558. Politico. “Ohio Senate Bill 5’s repeal buoys Dems.” November 8, 2011. http://www. politico.com/news/stories/1111/67918.html 559. u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “election Statistics.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electioninfo/index.aspx; Ohio Secretary of State. “election Results.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.sos.state.oh.us/sos/elections/Research/electResultsMain.aspx; OpenSecrets. org. “Rep. John R. Kasich.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://www.opensecrets. org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00009778&cycle=2000; National Institute on Money in State Politics. http://www.followthemoney.org/; NewsNet5 Cleveland. “Statehouse oath a step back in time for Kasich.” January 10, 2011. http://www. newsnet5.com/news/local-news/statehouse-oath-a-step-back-in-time-for-kasich 560. Federal elections Commission. “Details for Committee ID: C00357335 – NeW CeNTuRY PROJeCT.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http://www.fec.gov/fecviewer/ CandidateCommitteeDetail.do; Federal elections Commission. “Details for Com- mittee ID: C00452771 – PIONeeR PAC.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http:// www.fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail.do; OpenSecrets.org. “New

162 2016 SCOUTING REPORT Century Project.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http://www.opensecrets.org/ pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00357335&cycle=2000; OpenSecrets.org. “Pioneer PAC.” Accessed September 19, 2014. https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2. php?strID=C00325357&cycle=1998 561. huffington Post. “Ohio Abortion Ban Challenges Terms Of Roe V. Wade.” July 21, 2011. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/21/ohio-late-term-abortion- b_n_906068.html 562. huffington Post. “Ohio Abortion Ban Challenges Terms Of Roe V. Wade.” July 21, 2011. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/21/ohio-late-term-abortion- b_n_906068.html 563. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Ohio voters overwhelmingly reject Issue 2, dealing a blow to Gov. John Kasich.” November 8, 2011. http://www.cleveland.com/politics/index. ssf/2011/11/ohio_voters_overwhelmingly_rej.html 564. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Kasich recants his support of civil unions.” March 21, 2013. http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2013/03/kasich_misspoke_when_expres- sin.html#incart_m-rpt-2 565. CBS News. “Senator Christopher Dodd and Republican John Kasich debate issues like a balanced budget amendment, cutting welfare and some turning federally funded programs over to the states.” January 15, 1995; CNN. “Interview With Repre- sentative John Kasich.” September 2, 2000. 566. National Governors Association. “South Carolina Governor Nikki R. haley.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/current-governors/ col2-content/main-content-list/nikki-r-haley.html 567. WCNC. “Candidate Bio: Nikki haley.” September 15, 2010. http://www.wcnc.com/ story/news/politics/2014/06/23/10215422/ 568. WCNC. “Candidate Bio: Nikki haley.” September 15, 2010. http://www.wcnc.com/ story/news/politics/2014/06/23/10215422/ 569. WCNC. “Candidate Bio: Nikki haley.” September 15, 2010. http://www.wcnc.com/ story/news/politics/2014/06/23/10215422/ 570. National Governors Association. “South Carolina Governor Nikki R. haley.” Accessed December 2, 2014. http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/current-governors/ col2-content/main-content-list/nikki-r-haley.html 571. South Carolina Legislature. “Representative Nikki Randhawa haley.” April 11, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071219073547/http:/www.scstatehouse.net/mem- bers/bios/0735227185.html 572. The State. “Governor: Nikki haley (Republican, incumbent).” October 25, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/10/25/3765817/governor-nikki-haley-republican. html 573. WCNC. “Decision 2014 - South Carolina Governor.” October 8, 2014 http://www. wcnc.com/story/news/politics/2014/10/07/decision-2014---south-carolina-governor- --nikki-haley---vincent-sheheen/16862561/; Appalachian Regional Commission. “South Carolina Governor Nikki haley .“ Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.arc. gov/about/GovernorofSouthCarolina.asp 574. WCNC. “Decision 2014 - South Carolina Governor.” October 8, 2014 http://www. wcnc.com/story/news/politics/2014/10/07/decision-2014---south-carolina-governor- --nikki-haley---vincent-sheheen/16862561/; Appalachian Regional Commission. “South Carolina Governor Nikki haley .“ Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.arc. gov/about/GovernorofSouthCarolina.asp 575. New York Times. “All her Life, Nikki haley Was the Different One.” June 13, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/14/us/politics/14haley.html 576. The State. “how anger over the 2010 race shaped Gov. Nikki haley’s first term.” August 23, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/08/23/3636241_exclusive-how- anger-over-2010.html?rh=1 577. The State. “haley Overcomes Koon In GOP Runoff.” June 23, 2004. 578. The State. “haley Overcomes Koon In GOP Runoff.” June 23, 2004. 579. The State. “haley Overcomes Koon In GOP Runoff.” June 23, 2004. 580. The State. “haley Overcomes Koon In GOP Runoff.” June 23, 2004.

ENDNOTES 163 581. The State. “haley Overcomes Koon In GOP Runoff.” June 23, 2004. 582. Associated Press. “e-mails: Rocky departure for haley from last job.” October 8, 2010. 583. Associated Press. “e-mails: Rocky departure for haley from last job.” October 8, 2010. 584. The State. “What Did haley earn In 2007?” March 16, 2011. 585. The State. “haley’s Taxes Filed Late.” August 4, 2010. 586. The State. “What Did haley earn In 2007?” March 16, 2011. 587. The State. “What Did haley earn In 2007?” March 16, 2011. 588. Associated Press. “e-mails: Rocky departure for haley from last job.” October 8, 2010. 589. Associated Press. “e-mails: Rocky departure for haley from last job.” October 8, 2010. 590. Associated Press. “e-mails: Rocky departure for haley from last job.” October 8, 2010. 591. Associated Press. “State Rep. haley joins SC GOP governor’s race.” May 14, 2009. 592. Associated Press. “State Rep. haley joins SC GOP governor’s race.” May 14, 2009. 593. The State. “Jenny Sanford backs haley for S.C. governor.” November 12, 2009. 594. The State. “Jenny Sanford backs haley for S.C. governor.” November 12, 2009. 595. The State. “haley announces run for governor.” May 15, 2009. http://www.thestate. com/2009/05/15/786616/haley-announces-run-for-governor.html 596. The State. “Romney endorses haley For Governor.” March 17, 2010. http://www. thestate.com/2010/03/17/1203840/romney-endorses-haley-for-governor.html 597. WSPA. “Taking Feminism Back: Sarah Palin endorses Nikki haley for SC Governor.” May 14, 2010. http://www.newsrealblog.com/2010/05/14/taking-feminism-back- sarah-palin-endorses-nikki-haley-for-sc-governor/ 598. The State. “Sanford allies put $400,000 into race.” May 8, 2010. http://www.thestate. com/2010/05/08/1277931/sanford-allies-put-400000-into.html 599. Associated Press. “SC judge nixes ads backing gov hopeful Nikki haley.” May 19, 2010. 600. The State. “haley, Barrett headed for GOP runoff.” June 8, 2010. 601. Washington Post. “Tea party-backed haley SC’s 1st woman governor.” November 3, 2010. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/02/ AR2010110208014.html 602. Washington Post. “Tea party-backed haley SC’s 1st woman governor.” November 3, 2010. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/02/ AR2010110208014.html 603. The State. “Scoppe: Nikki vs. the speaker.” November 20, 2008. 604. The State. “haley: Toughen ethics Laws; Governor Offers Proposals.” August 22, 2012. 605. The State. “haley: I’ve Done Nothing Wrong.’” June 29, 2012. 606. The State. “haley ethics probe shines light on dark side of S.C. politics.” June 17, 2012. http://www.thestate.com/2012/06/17/2319569/haley-ethics-probe-shines- light.html 607. The State. “haley ethics probe shines light on dark side of S.C. politics.” June 17, 2012. http://www.thestate.com/2012/06/17/2319569/haley-ethics-probe-shines- light.html 608. The State. “haley ethics probe shines light on dark side of S.C. politics.” June 17, 2012. http://www.thestate.com/2012/06/17/2319569/haley-ethics-probe-shines- light.html 609. The State. “haley ethics probe shines light on dark side of S.C. politics.” June 17, 2012. http://www.thestate.com/2012/06/17/2319569/haley-ethics-probe-shines- light.html 610. The State. “haley’s attorneys tried to get ethics charges dropped.” August 15, 2013. http://www.thestate.com/2013/08/15/2922491_haleys-attorneys-tried-to-get. html?rh=1 611. Post and Courier. “haley’s frequent donated plane rides raising questions.” October

164 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 29, 2011. http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20111029/PC1602/310299941 612. Post and Courier. “haley’s frequent donated plane rides raising questions.” October 29, 2011. http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20111029/PC1602/310299941 613. The State. “haley’s Taxes Filed Late.” August 4, 2010. 614. The State. “haley’s Taxes Filed Late.” August 4, 2010. 615. Post & Courier. “Opponents question haley on jobs, state-backed incentive packages.” October 5, 2014. http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20141005/ PC1603/141009709 616. Post & Courier. “Scrutiny growing on haley port role.” November 24, 2011. http:// www.postandcourier.com/article/20111124/PC1602/311249930 617. Post & Courier. “Scrutiny growing on haley port role.” November 24, 2011. http:// www.postandcourier.com/article/20111124/PC1602/311249930 618. Post & Courier. “Scrutiny growing on haley port role.” November 24, 2011. http:// www.postandcourier.com/article/20111124/PC1602/311249930 619. Post & Courier. “Scrutiny growing on haley port role.” November 24, 2011. http:// www.postandcourier.com/article/20111124/PC1602/311249930 620. The State. “As manager, SC Gov. haley has failed, critics say.” October 11, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/10/11/3739294/as-manager-sc-gov-haley-has-failed. html; WLTX 19. “DSS Director Lillian Koller Resigns.” June 3, 2014. http://www.wltx. com/story/news/local/2014/06/02/lillian-koller-resigns/9869451/ 621. The State. “As manager, SC Gov. haley has failed, critics say.” October 11, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/10/11/3739294/as-manager-sc-gov-haley-has-failed. html; WLTX 19. “DSS Director Lillian Koller Resigns.” June 3, 2014. http://www.wltx. com/story/news/local/2014/06/02/lillian-koller-resigns/9869451/ 622. The State. “As manager, SC Gov. haley has failed, critics say.” October 11, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/10/11/3739294/as-manager-sc-gov-haley-has-failed. html; WLTX 19. “DSS Director Lillian Koller Resigns.” June 3, 2014. http://www.wltx. com/story/news/local/2014/06/02/lillian-koller-resigns/9869451/ 623. The State. “As manager, SC Gov. haley has failed, critics say.” October 11, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/10/11/3739294/as-manager-sc-gov-haley-has-failed. html; WLTX 19. “DSS Director Lillian Koller Resigns.” June 3, 2014. http://www.wltx. com/story/news/local/2014/06/02/lillian-koller-resigns/9869451/ 624. The State. “As manager, SC Gov. haley has failed, critics say.” October 11, 2014. http://www.thestate.com/2014/10/11/3739294/as-manager-sc-gov-haley-has-failed. html; WLTX 19. “DSS Director Lillian Koller Resigns.” June 3, 2014. http://www.wltx. com/story/news/local/2014/06/02/lillian-koller-resigns/9869451/ 625. South Carolina election Commission. “election Results.” Accessed October 17, 2014. http://www.scvotes.org/2010/09/08/election_results; South Carolina election Com- mission. “election Results.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://www.enr-scvotes. org/SC/53424/149077/en/summary.html; National Institute on Money in State Politics. “haley, Nikki R.” Accessed October 17, 2014. http://www.followthemoney. org/entity-details?eid=6660614; South Carolina State ethics Commission. “Public Disclosure and Accountability Reporting.” Accessed October 17, 2014. http://apps. sc.gov/PublicReporting/(X(1)S(v4f5cdux4vp2qc45qw0kyb45))/Index.aspx?AspxAutoD etectCookieSupport=1 626. As of 10/20/14 627. As of 10/20/14 628. Wall Street Journal. “Some GOP Governors embrace Medicaid expansion.” Novem- ber 21, 2013. http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2013/11/21/some-gop-governors- embrace-medicaid-expansion/ 629. The Wire. “A New Conservative Test: Standing by Ryan’s Defunct Medicare Plan?” May 17, 2011. http://www.thewire.com/politics/2011/05/do-not-criticize-paul-ryans- medicare-plan/37819/ 630. Post &Courier. “Gov. haley signs guns in bars bill, expresses support for ‘constitu- tional carry.’” February 11, 2014. http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20140211/ PC1603/140219887 631. The State. “SC wants to treat married gays as single.” January 10, 2014. http://www.

ENDNOTES 165 thestate.com/2014/01/10/3200341_sc-wants-to-treat-married-gays.html?rh=1 632. The State. “Governor candidates try to make impression.” January 29, 2010. http:// www.thestate.com/2010/01/29/1133023_headline.html?rh=1 633. The State. “haley signs Voter ID bill into law.” May 18, 2011. http://www.thestate. com/2011/05/18/1824061_haley-signs-voter-id-bill-into.html?rh=1 634. Wall Street Journal. “Obama’s Silence on Boeing Is unacceptable.” April 29, 2011. http://online.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703778104576287290266016016 635. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Santorum, Richard John.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=s000059 636. CNN. “GOP cribs: Where the candidates live.” January 13 2012. http://money.cnn. com/galleries/2012/real_estate/1201/gallery.candidate-homes/4.html 637. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Santorum, Richard John.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=s000059 638. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Santorum, Richard John.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=s000059 639. New York Times. “After a Child’s Death, a Religious Politician Became a Cultural War- rior.” January 4, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/05/us/politics/after-childs- death-a-politician-became-a-cultural-warrior.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 640. Patriot Voices. “About Karen Santorum.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www. patriotvoices.com/about_karen_santorum 641. u.S. Office of Government ethics. “Amended Annual Report, ‘Schedule A’ – Rick Santorum. Filed January 9, 2012. 642. National Journal. “ Why is Rick Santorum running a Movie Studio.” June 21, 2014. http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/why-is-rick-santorum-running-a-movie- studio-20140618 643. Patriot Voices. “About Rick Santorum.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.pa- triotvoices.com/about_rick_santorum; Open Secrets. “Personal Finances: Rick Santo- rum (R-PA) 2010 Presidential.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.opensecrets. org/pfds/candlook.php?txtName=santorum; 644. Patriot Voices. “Who We Are.” Accessed October 31, 2104. http://www.patriotvoices. com/who_we_are 645. Facebook. “Rick Santorum—About.” Accessed October 31, 2014. https://www.face- book.com/RickSantorum 646. New York Times. “After Santorum Left Senate, Familiar hands Reached Out.” Janu- ary 5, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/06/us/politics/after-senate-santo- rums-beneficiaries-became-benefactors.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 647. NPR News. “Casting himself As Outsider, Santorum Benefited From D.C. ‘Revolving Door.’” February 27, 2012. http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpoli- tics/2012/02/27/147514026/casting-himself-as-outsider-santorum-benefited-from- d-c-revolving-door 648. NPR News. “Casting himself As Outsider, Santorum Benefited From D.C. ‘Revolving Door.’” February 27, 2012. http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpoli- tics/2012/02/27/147514026/casting-himself-as-outsider-santorum-benefited-from- d-c-revolving-door 649. Virginia State Corporation Commission. “S T More LLC (SCC ID: S2139006).” Ac- cessed October 31, 2014. https://sccefile.scc.virginia.gov/Business/S213900 650. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Santorum, Richard John.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=s000059 651. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Santorum, Richard John.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=s000059 652. CNN. “Rick Santorum Fast Facts.” May 13, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/13/ us/rick-santorum-fast-facts/

166 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 653. New York Times. “Iowa Republican Caucuses.” January 22, 2012. http://elections. nytimes.com/2012/primaries/states/iowa 654. Daily Beast. “Rick Santorum, Candidate and Pro Wrestling Advocate?” February 10, 2012. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/02/09/rick-santo- rum-family-values-candidate-and-pro-wrestling-advocate.html 655. Associated Press. “Democrats Could extend Their Control To Bigger Margin.” No- vember 6, 1990.; Los Angeles Times. “Democrats’ grip on congress increases; Poli- tics: gains in governorships, including Florida and Texas, will help party dominate reapportionment.” November 7, 1990.; uSA Today. “Pa. region one short of clean sweep; Voters take revenge.” November 9, 1990. 656. Boston Globe. “Social Security fight expands to state races positions of Bush, Gore arm candidates.” May 15, 2000. 657. Los Angeles Times. “Santorum Puts Rate hike on Table; The senator says he’s willing to discuss a tax increase for Democratic aid on Social Security.” February 28, 2005. 658. Inquirer. “Santorum is touting his roots in reform but, once an outsider critical of Democratic corruption, he’s now in the leadership of a GOP plagued by scandal.” January 22, 2006. http://articles.philly.com/2006-01-22/news/25410621_1_ rick-santorum-house-bank-campaign-cash 659. Philadelphia Inquirer. “Desire for change elected Wofford, then doomed him.” November 10, 1994. 660. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. “Santorum to seek Wofford’s seat.” September 24, 1993.; Philadelphia Inquirer. “Desire for change elected Wofford, then doomed him.” November 10, 1994. 661. FreedomWorks. “Rick Santorum Voting Record.” Accessed October 8, 2014. http:// congress.freedomworks.org/legislators/richard-j-santorum; Associated Press. “Where They Stand: Santorum, Casey on the environment.” August 5, 2006. 662. The hill. “house GOP closer to vote on making english the official language.” January 31, 2012. http://thehill.com/homenews/house/207557-house-gop-closer-to-vote-on- measure-making-english-the-official-language 663. Philadelphia Inquirer. “Sen. Santorum loses in a landslide.” November 8, 2006. 664. Philadelphia Inquirer. “Pushing for new rules, living by old; Santorum took flights sponsored by corporations while arguing against the perk.” May 3, 2006. 665. American Prospect. “With a Little help From his Friends; Rick Santorum, the Senate GOP’s new point man on ethics, wrote It Takes a Family as counterpoint to It Takes a Village. But a review of his PAC expenditures – and a probe into his, ah, interest- ing mortgage – show that in his case, it takes a few hundred thousand dollars from lobbyists.” March 2006 issue. 666. Mother Jones. “Rick Santorum’s School Scandal.” January 4, 2012.; Philadelphia Inquirer. “Down in flames, but on his own terms; As his chances grew slim, he ac- cepted his fate. If Santorum had recast himself, ‘people wouldn’t have believed it.’” November 12, 2006. 667. Allentown Morning Call. “Senate Race Focuses On Senior Issues Santorum, Klink Split On Whether Private Investment Can Save Social Security.” June 13, 2000. 668. Kaiser health News. “GOP Presidential hopefuls: Where They Stand On health Care.” March 8, 2012. http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/gop-candidate-health-care- platforms/ 669. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 115 (S. 947).” June 25, 1997. http://www.sen- ate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=105&sessi on=1&vote=00115; Congressional Quarterly. June 25, 1997. http://www.cq.com/ vote/1997/s/115; S 947. “Vote 112.” June 24, 1997. http://www.senate.gov/legisla- tive/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=105&session=1&vote=00112; Congressional Quarterly. June 24, 1997. http://www.cq.com/vote/1997/s/112; u.S. Senate. “Roll Call Vote 149 (S Con Res 57).” May 23, 1996. http://www.sen- ate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=104&sessi on=2&vote=00149; Congressional Quarterly. May 23, 1996. http://www.cq.com/ vote/1996/s/149?1 670. u.S. house of Representatives. “Roll Call Vote 566 (h. J. Res115).” November 8, 1995.

ENDNOTES 167 http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress =104&session=1&vote=00566; Congressional Quarterly. November 9, 1995. http:// www.cq.com/vote/1995/s/566 671. Allentown Morning Call. “Senator Meets Seniors * Santorum Wins Penn-kidder Fans For Medicare Plan. They Say Affluent Could Pay More.” June 24, 1997. 672. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 363 (S 1932).” December 21, 2005. http://www. senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&sess ion=1&vote=00363; Philadelphia Inquirer. “Cheney’s vote breaks tie over spending cuts” December 22, 2005. http://articles.philly.com/2005-12-22/news/25421730_1_ spending-cuts-budget-vote-budget-bill 673. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 107 (S.Con.Res. 23).” March 26, 2003. http:// www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=10 8&session=1&vote=00107; Congressional Quarterly. March 26, 2003. http://www. cq.com/vote/2003/s/107 674. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 501 (S. 1357).” October 26, 1995, http://www. senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=104&sessi on=1&vote=00501; Congressional Quarterly. October 26, 1995. http://www.cq.com/ vote/1995/s/501 675. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 156 (S. 949).” June 27, 1997. http://www. senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=105&ses sion=1&vote=00156; Congressional Quarterly. June 27, 1997. http://www.cq.com/ vote/1997/s/156 676. Mother Jones. “Santorum: Single Moms Are “Breeding More Criminals.” March 6, 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/santorum-single-mothers-are- breeding-more-criminals 677. Mother Jones. “Santorum: Single Moms Are “Breeding More Criminals.” March 6, 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/santorum-single-mothers-are- breeding-more-criminals 678. Mother Jones. “Santorum: Single Moms Are “Breeding More Criminals.” March 6, 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/santorum-single-mothers- are-breeding-more-criminals; huffington Post. “Rick Santorum: Single Mothers Make up ‘Democratic Advantage’.” October 18, 2011. http://www.huffingtonpost. com/2011/10/18/rick-santorum-single-mothers_n_1017859.html 679. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 269 (h.R. 3010).” October 26, 2005. http://www. senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&sessi on=1&vote=00269; Congressional Quarterly. October 26, 2005. http://www.cq.com/ vote/2005/s/269; Philadelphia Inquirer. “Area Votes in Congress” October 30, 2005. 680. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 103 (S. 1).” May 15, 2001. http://www.sen- ate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&sessi on=1&vote=00103; Congressional Quarterly. May 15, 2001. http://www.cq.com/ vote/2001/s/103 681. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 329 (h.R. 2660).” September 5, 2003. http:// www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=108 &session=1&vote=00329; Congressional Quarterly. September 5, 2003 http://www. cq.com/vote/2003/s/329 682. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 268 (h.R. 3010).” October 25, 2005. http://www. senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&sessi on=1&vote=00268; Congressional Quarterly. October 25, 2005 http://www.cq.com/ vote/2005/s/268 683. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 272 (h.R. 3010).” October 26, 2005. http://www. senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&sessi on=1&vote=00272; Congressional Quarterly. October 26, 2005. http://www.cq.com/ vote/2005/s/272 684. united States Senate. “Roll Call Vote 273 (h.R. 3010).” October 26, 2005. http:// www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109 &session=1&vote=00273; Congressional Quarterly. October 26, 2005. http://www. cq.com/vote/2005/s/273

168 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 685. Philadelphia Inquirer. “Santorum, Klink spar in first debate democrat Klink, un- known to many voters, accused the GOP senator of passing himself off as a moder- ate.” October 1, 2010. 686. Nashua Telegram. “Santorum claims conservative mantle.” November 29, 2011. http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/newsstatenewengland/941554-227/santorum- claims-conservative-mantle.html 687. examiner. “Rick Santorum is tired of being the ‘social-conservative’ candidate.” March 17, 2014. 688. Philadelphia Inquirer. “Senator’s book puts blame on liberalism.” July 7, 2005. 689. ABC News. “Rick Santorum Declared Contraception ‘harmful to Women’ in 2006.” February 15, 2012. 690. Associated Press. “Santorum criticizes views of Sen. Clinton in new book.” July 5, 2005. 691. The Daily Beast. “10 Outrageous Things Rick Santorum has Said.” February 20, 2012. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/02/20/10-outrageous-things-rick- santorum-has-said.html 692. huffington Post. “Rick Santorum On Texas Abortion Bill: It’s Not Radical, It’s Part Of A ‘Movement Of Love’.” July 11, 2013. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/11/ rick-santorum-texas-abortion-bill_n_3581566.html 693. Personhood uSA. “Rick Santorum Signs Oklahoma Personhood Amend- ment Petition.” Accessed September 25, 2014. http://www.personhoodusa. com/press-release/rick-santorum-signs-oklahoma-personhood-amendment- petition/#sthash.8eDBzayY.dpuf 694. ABC News. “Santorum explains ’06 Loss, Still Supports State Right to Outlaw Contra- ception.” January 2, 2012. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/01/santorum- explains-06-loss-still-supports-state-right-to-outlaw-contraception/ 695. huffington Post. “Rick Santorum On Opposition To Abortion In Cases Of Rape: ‘Make The Best Out Of A Bad Situation.’” January 23, 2012. http://www.huffington- post.com/2012/01/23/rick-santorum-abortion-rape_n_1224624.html 696. CNN. “Interview with Rick Santorum.” January 20, 2012. 697. Washington Post. “Rick Santorum, with ‘tingles down my spine,’ can smell a GOP sweep.” October 18, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/ wp/2012/10/18/rick-santorum-with-tingles-down-my-spine-can-smell-a-gop-sweep/ 698. uSA Today. “Possible Lott successors have voted similarly on civil rights.” December 19, 2002. 699. Morning Call. “Gay marriage amendment splits state lawmakers, but not by party.” February 25, 2004. http://articles.mcall.com/2004-02-25/news/3521981_1_gay-mar- riage-defense-of-marriage-act-amendment-process 700. Associated Press. “excerpt from Santorum interview.” April 23, 2003. http://usato- day30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2003-04-23-santorum-excerpt_x.htm 701. Politico. “Rick Santorum: Climate change is ‘junk science.’” June 9, 2011. http://www. politico.com/news/stories/0611/56599.html 702. Rick Santorum For President. “Santorum Comments on house Vote to Move Toward energy Independence.” February 17, 2012. http://votesmart.org/public- statement/669479/santorum-comments-on-house-vote-to-move-toward-energy- independence#.VFDX4vnF98F 703. TPM. “Santorum Says he Would Veto Dream Act.” January 23, 2012. http://talking- pointsmemo.com/livewire/santorum-says-he-would-veto-dream-act 704. CNS News. “Santorum: end Medicaid as a Federal entitlement Program.” January 26, 2011. http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/santorum-end-medicaid-federal- entitlement-program 705. Politico. “Santorum: Only I’m qualified to repeal Obamacare.” March 26, 2012. http://www.politico.com/politico44/2012/03/santorum-only-im-qualified-to-repeal- obamacare-118667.html 706. New York Times. “In Detroit, Santorum Defends Opposition to Auto Industry Bail- out.” February 17, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/17/us/politics/in-detroit- santorum-defends-opposition-to-auto-bailout.html?_r=0

ENDNOTES 169 707. Rick Santorum. “Santorum Pledges to Protect Taxpayers.” June 8, 2011. http://www. presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=98121 708. Rick Santorum. “Statement by Rick Santorum on the Obama Administration Blocking Texas Voter ID Law.” March 12, 2012. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ ws/?pid=98121 709. Mother Jones. “Rick Santorum: Anti-Citizens united Amendment Is “horrible”.” Janu- ary 7, 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2012/01/rick-santorum-citizens- united-amendment-horrible 710. CBS News. “Santorum targets blacks in entitlement reform.” January 3, 2012. http:// www.cbsnews.com/news/santorum-targets-blacks-in-entitlement-reform/ 711. Pennsylvania Department of State. “election Returns.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/; u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “election Statistics.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/ member_info/electionInfo/; OpenSecrets.org. “Sen. Rick Santorum.” Accessed Sep- tember 5, 2014. http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cycle=2006 &cid=N00001380&type=I; Philadelphia Inquirer. “Calif. Race Appears Senate’s Most Costly.” November 8, 1994. http://articles.philly.com/1994-11-08/news/25868067_1_ open-seat-house-races-charles-s-robb 712. OpenSecrets.org. “America’s Foundation.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www. opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00305797&cycle=2012 713. huffington Post. “Rick Santorum On Opposition To Abortion In Cases Of Rape: ‘Make The Best Out Of A Bad Situation.’” January 23, 2012. http://www.huffington- post.com/2012/01/23/rick-santorum-abortion-rape_n_1224624.html 714. Penn Live. “Santorum petition urges Congress to protect Second Amendment from Obama proposals.” March 7, 2013. http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index. ssf/2013/03/santorum_starts_congressional.html 715. Politico. “Rick Santorum: Climate change is ‘junk science.’” June 9, 2011. http://www. politico.com/news/stories/0611/56599.html 716. Washington Post. “Rick Santorum, with ‘tingles down my spine,’ can smell a GOP sweep.” October 18, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/ wp/2012/10/18/rick-santorum-with-tingles-down-my-spine-can-smell-a-gop-sweep/ 717. Politico. “Santorum: Only I’m qualified to repeal Obamacare.” March 26, 2012. http://www.politico.com/politico44/2012/03/santorum-only-im-qualified-to-repeal- obamacare-118667.html 718. The hill. “Santorum to GOP: Back off immigration.” June 14, 2014. http://thehill. com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/209400-santorum-warns-gop-back-off- immigration-reform 719. Rick Santorum. “Statement by Rick Santorum on the Obama Administration Blocking Texas Voter ID Law.” March 12, 2012. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ ws/?pid=98121 720. CNN. “Michelle Bachman Fast Facts.” September 1, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/02/01/us/michele-bachmann-fast-facts/ 721. Washington County Tax Search. “Parcel Number 32.029.20.42.0009.” www2. co.washington.mn.us 722. u.S. News & World Report. “10 Things You Didn’t Know About Michele Bachmann.” January 31, 2011. http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2011/01/31/10-things-you- didnt-know-about-michele-bachmann 723. New York Times. “For Bachmann, God and Justice Were Intertwined.” October 13, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/14/us/politics/bachmanns-years-at-oral- roberts-university.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 724. u.S. News & World Report. “10 Things You Didn’t Know About Michele Bachmann.” January 31, 2011. http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2011/01/31/10-things-you- didnt-know-about-michele-bachmann 725. CNN. “Michelle Bachman Fast Facts.” September 1, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/02/01/us/michele-bachmann-fast-facts/ 726. OpenSecrets.org, Financial Disclosure Statement. “Schedule A – Assets & ‘unearned Income.’” Legislative Resource Center, Michele Bachmann, Filed June 12, 2014.

170 2016 SCOUTING REPORT http://pfds.opensecrets.org/N00027493_2013.pdf 727. CNN. “Michelle Bachman Fast Facts.” September 1, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/02/01/us/michele-bachmann-fast-facts/ 728. CNN. “Michelle Bachman Fast Facts.” September 1, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/02/01/us/michele-bachmann-fast-facts/ 729. CNN. “Michelle Bachman Fast Facts.” September 1, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/02/01/us/michele-bachmann-fast-facts/ 730. CNN. “Michelle Bachman Fast Facts.” September 1, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/02/01/us/michele-bachmann-fast-facts/ 731. The Atlantic.” examining Bachmann’s Years as an IRS Lawyer.” July 11, 2011. http:// www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/07/examining-bachmanns-years-as-an- irs-lawyer/241735/ 732. Amazon.com. “Books by Michele Bachmann.” Accessed October 27, 2014. http:// www.amazon.com/Michele-Bachmann/e/B005LYRRQA/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_1 733. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Michele Bachmann’s low-key IRS role belied ambitions” August 20, 2011. http://www.startribune.com/politics/national/128131968.html 734. Mother Jones. “Michele Bachmann Is Not a Doctor” August 18, 2011. http://www. motherjones.com/politics/2011/08/michele-bachmann-not-doctor-phd 735. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Bachmann: I was an ‘insurgent’ inside the IRS.” June 20, 2013. http://www.startribune.com/politics/blogs/212377701.html 736. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Bachmann: I was an ‘insurgent’ inside the IRS.” June 20, 2013. http://www.startribune.com/politics/blogs/212377701.html 737. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Bachmann: I was an ‘insurgent’ inside the IRS.” June 20, 2013. http://www.startribune.com/politics/blogs/212377701.html 738. New Yorker. “Leap of Faith.” August 15, 2011. http://www.newyorker.com/maga- zine/2011/08/15/leap-of-faith-4#ixzz1VPIhn9Gq 739. Daily Caller. “Minnesota Republicans share unflattering memories of Michele Bach- mann.” August 11, 2011. http://dailycaller.com/2011/08/11/minnesota-republicans- share-unflattering-memories-of-michele-bachmann/#ixzz1upBnPnnO 740. Daily Caller. “Minnesota Republicans share unflattering memories of Michele Bach- mann.” August 11, 2011. http://dailycaller.com/2011/08/11/minnesota-republicans- share-unflattering-memories-of-michele-bachmann/#ixzz1upBnPnnO 741. Saint Paul Pioneer Press. “Bachmann Named to Senate Post.” November 6, 2004. 742. Slate. “The GOP’s Michele Bachmann Problem.” January 3, 2011. http://www.slate. com/articles/double_x/doublex/2011/01/the_gops_michele_bachmann_problem. single.html 743. Slate. “The GOP’s Michele Bachmann Problem.” January 3, 2011. http://www.slate. com/articles/double_x/doublex/2011/01/the_gops_michele_bachmann_problem. single.html 744. Slate. “The GOP’s Michele Bachmann Problem.” January 3, 2011. http://www.slate. com/articles/double_x/doublex/2011/01/the_gops_michele_bachmann_problem. single.html 745. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Blogger’s Video Pulls Back The Curtain On Bachmann.” October 21, 2006; Minnesota Independent. “In 2006 speech, Michele Bachmann said God told her to run for Congress.” October 22, 2008. http://www.tcdailyplanet. net/article/2008/10/22/2006-speech-michele-bachmann-said-god-told-her-run- congress.html; u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “Statistics of the Congressional election of November 7, 2006.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http:// clerk.house.gov/member_info/electioninfo/2006election.pdf 746. u.S. house Clerk. “Statistics of the Congressional election of November 7, 2006.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/ electioninfo/2006election.pdf 747. The hill. “heritage Action ranks Bachmann ninth-most conservative in Congress.” August 26, 2011. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/178339-conser- vative-group-ranks-bachmann-ninth-most-conservative-in-congress 748. Wall Street Journal. “Former Aide Calls Bachmann ‘Not Ready for the Presidency’.” June 28, 2011. http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2011/06/28/former-aide-calls-bach-

ENDNOTES 171 mann-not-ready-for-the-presidency/?KeYWORDS=bachmann 749. Roll Call. “2012 endorsement Watch.” Accessed October 14, 2014. http://innovation. cq.com/pub/table/index.php?id=69&ref=rc ; Yahoo! News. “Bachman can’t look to Congress for endorsements, even among friends.” September 28, 2011. http:// news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/bachmann-t-look-congress-endorsements-even- among-friends-202416910.html 750. The hill. “Out on campaign trail, Rep. Bachmann missed every house vote in September.” October 11, 2011. http://thehill.com/homenews/house/184937-bach- mann-missed-every-house-vote-in-september 751. MSNBC. September 29, 2011. http://firstread.nbcnews.com/_ news/2011/09/29/8039173-gripes-about-bachmanns-lack-of-outreach 752. International Business Times. “Bachmann: Gardasil Could Cause ‘Mental Retarda- tion’.” September 13, 2011. http://www.ibtimes.com/bachmann-gardasil-could- cause-mental-retardation-312980 753. Los Angeles Times. “Michele Bachmann: Right town, wrong John Wayne.” June 27, 2011. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/27/news/la-pn-bachmann- wayne-20110627; WMuR. “Bachmann: Lexington And Concord, Nh?” March 28, 2011. http://www.wmur.com/Bachmann-Lexington-And-Concord-Nh/13155572; Real Clear Politics. “Bachmann Mangles Revolutionary history In N.h.” March 12, 2011. http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2011/03/12/bachmann_man- gles_revolutionary_history_in_nh_109213.html; . “Bachmann mistakes John Quincy Adams for a Founding Father.” June 28, 2011. http://daily- caller.com/2011/06/28/bachmann-mistakes-john-quincy-adams-for-a-founding- father/#ixzz1Qlyh0u1O 754. Slate. “The New , According to Michele Bachmann: Legalize Pedophilia.” July 25, 2014. http://www.slate.com/blogs/outward/2014/07/25/michelle_bach- mann_says_gays_want_to_legalize_pedophilia.html 755. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Defining Commitment; The Catalyst; ‘One Of The Most uniting Issues.’” February 12, 2006. 756. National Journal. “In 2006 Interview, Bachmann Attacks Same-Sex Marriage, ‘Big Love’ Series.” July 20, 2011. http://www.nationaljournal.com/politics/in-2006-inter- view-bachmann-attacks-same-sex-marriage-big-love-series-20110720 757. Salon. “The GOP’s dwindling anti-gay parade.” November 3, 2006. http://www.salon. com/2006/11/03/colorado_3/ 758. CNN. “CNN Republican Debate.” June 13, 2011. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRAN- SCRIPTS/1106/13/se.02.html ; Daily Caller. “Bachmann repeats support for ‘don’t ask, don’t tell’.” August 14, 2011. http://dailycaller.com/2011/08/14/bachmann- repeats-opposition-to-dont-ask-dont-tell/; 759. Politico. “Michele Bachmann dismisses ‘fringe or side issues’.” August 7, 2011. http:// www.politico.com/news/stories/0811/60831.html#ixzz1uRi4MqWj 760. The Atlantic. “5 Things Michele Bachmann Might Wish She hadn’t Said.” June 27, 2011 http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/06/5-things-michele-bach- mann-might-wish-she-hadnt-said/241120/ 761. The Daily Beast. “Marcus Bachmann’s Gay ‘Cure.’” July 20, 2011. http://www.thedaily- beast.com/articles/2011/07/10/marcus-bachmann-s-controversial-gay-therapy-and- how-it-affects-michele-s-campaign.html 762. The Daily Beast. “Marcus Bachmann’s Gay ‘Cure.’” July 20, 2011. http://www.thedaily- beast.com/articles/2011/07/10/marcus-bachmann-s-controversial-gay-therapy-and- how-it-affects-michele-s-campaign.html 763. The Advocate. “Bachmann Supported Reparative Therapy for Gays.” July 6, 2011. http://www.advocate.com/health/2011/07/06/michele-bachmann-supported-repar- ative-therapy-gays; The hill. “GOP hopeful Bachmann refuses to answer question on husband’s clinic.” July 28, 2011. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/ news/174159-bachmann-refuses-question-on-husbands-clinic 764. The hill. “GOP hopeful Bachmann refuses to answer question on husband’s clinic.” July 28, 2011. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/174159-bachmann- refuses-question-on-husbands-clinic

172 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 765. Talking Points Memo. “Bachmann: ‘Wean everybody Off’ Social Security And Medi- care.” February 9, 2010. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/dc/bachmann-wean-every- body-off-social-security-and-medicare 766. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Race For 6th District Seat Sure To Intrigue.” February 19, 2006.; CATO Institute. “Time To Private Social Security.” March 5, 1998. http://www. cato.org/publications/commentary/time-privatize-social-security 767. Talking Points Memo. “Michele Bachmann’s Foster Care Contradiction.” July 6, 2011. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/dc/michele-bachmann-s-foster-care- contradiction?ref=fpa; u.S. house of Representatives. “Roll Call Vote 1009.” October 25, 2007. http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2007/roll1009.xml; u.S. house of Represen- tatives. “Roll Call Vote 982.” October 18, 2007. http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2007/ roll982.xml; u.S. house of Representatives. “Roll Call Vote 906.” September 25, 2007. http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2007/roll906.xml; u.S. house of Representatives. “Roll Call Vote 787.” August 1, 2007. http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2007/roll787.xml; Washington Post. “Bush Vetoes health Measure.” October 4, 2007. http://www. washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/03/AR2007100300116. html?hpid=topnews; Washington Post. “house Democrats Set For Vote on New Ver- sion Of Children’s health Bill.” October 25, 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/24/AR2007102402408.html?hpid=topnews 768. u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “election Information.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electioninfo/index.aspx; Minnesota Secretary of State. “election Results.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://minnesotaelectionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/uSRepresentative/1?officei nelectionid=8&districtid=561; OpenSecrets.org. Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.opensecrets.org/; National Institute on Money in State Politics. Accessed Sep- tember 3, 2014. http://www.followthemoney.org/. 769. OpenSecrets.org. “Michele PAC.” Accessed October 27, 2014. https://www.opense- crets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00486738&cycle=2014; Federal elections Com- mission. “Details for Committee ID: C00486738 – MICheLePAC.” Accessed October 27, 2014. http://www.fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail.do?candidateCo mmitteeId=C00486738&tabIndex=1 770. The Daily Beast. “Gingrich, Perry, Bachmann, and Santorum Go extreme on Abor- tion.” December 28, 2011. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/12/28/ gingrich-perry-bachmann-and-santorum-go-extreme-on-abortion.html 771. St. Paul Pioneer Press. “Obama touts “common-sense” gun law changes in Min- nesota speech.” February 3, 2013. http://www.twincities.com/ci_22516824/obama- touts-common-sense-gun-law-changes-during 772. Minneapolis Star-Tribune. “Bachmann is pro-choice on bulbs.” March 26, 2008. http://www.startribune.com/politics/statelocal/17002506.html 773. Congresswoman Michele Bachmann. “Trial Lawyers Win Big.” January 9, 2009. https://bachmann.house.gov/trial-lawyers-win-big 774. Bloomberg. “Would Killing The Minimum Wage help?” June 30, 2011. http://www. businessweek.com/magazine/would-killing-the-minimum-wage-help-07012011.html 775. New York Times. “A Crisis Months In The Planning.” October 6, 2013. http://www. nytimes.com/2013/10/06/us/a-federal-budget-crisis-months-in-the-planning. html?pagewanted=all 776. Politico. “Michele Bachmann: ‘We still need full-scale repeal of Obamacare.’” Sep- tember 28, 2011. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0911/64665.html 777. World Net Daily. “The Republic Is At Stake: Bachmann Says Amnesty Would end America As We Know It.” June 12, 2013. http://www.wnd.com/2013/06/the-republic- is-at-stake/ 778. CNN. “Jeb Bush Facts.” January 25, 2014. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/08/us/jeb- bush-fast-facts/ 779. Real Deal. “Former Governor Jeb Bush Sells Coral Gables home At A Loss.” June 11, 2012. http://therealdeal.com/miami/blog/2012/06/11/former-governor-jeb-bush- sells-coral-gables-home-at-a-loss/ 780. CNN. “Jeb Bush Facts.” January 25, 2014. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/08/us/jeb-

ENDNOTES 173 bush-fast-facts/ 781. Nexis Comprehensive Person Report. “Columba G Bush.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.nexis.com 782. CNN. “Jeb Bush Facts.” January 25, 2014. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/08/us/jeb- bush-fast-facts/ 783. Florida Commission on ethics. Final Full and Public Disclosure of Financial Interest. “Part A – Net Worth.” Filed 2/28/07 784. Bloomberg. “Jeb Bush Raising Private equity Funds as Campaign Weighed.” July 17, 2014. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-07-17/jeb-bush-raising-private-equi- ty-funds-as-campaign-weighed.html 785. Florida Department of State Division of Corporations. “Jeb Bush & Associates LLC.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/CorporationSearch/ SearchResultDetail/entityName/forl-m07000001163-c3a95c9f-e117-4bd0-bab1- 9d9909716d8a/jeb%20bush%20llc/Page1 786. New York Times. “Jeb Bush’s Rush to Make Money May Be hurdle.” April 20, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/21/us/politics/jeb-bushs-rush-to-make-money- may-be-hurdle.html 787. FOX Business. “Jeb Bush Ties to Street Could Be hurdle in Presidential Run.” April 9, 2014. http://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2014/04/09/jeb-bush-ties-to-street- could-be-hurdle-in-presidential-run/ 788. Tampa Bay Times. “Another Appointment for Jeb.” August 22, 2007. http://www. tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/content/another-appointment-jeb; FOX Business. “Jeb Bush Ties to Street Could Be hurdle in Presidential Run.” April 9, 2014. http://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2014/04/09/jeb-bush-ties-to-street- could-be-hurdle-in-presidential-run/ 789. CNN. “Jeb Bush Facts.” January 25, 2014. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/08/us/jeb- bush-fast-facts/ 790. CNN. “Jeb Bush Facts.” January 25, 2014. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/08/us/jeb- bush-fast-facts/ 791. St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Bush followed the family game plan: earn your fortune, then run for public office. A vast network of deals made it possible.” September 20, 1998. http://www.sptimes.com/State/92098/Make_The_Money_and_Ru.html 792. St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Bush followed the family game plan: earn your fortune, then run for public office. A vast network of deals made it possible.” September 20, 1998. http://www.sptimes.com/State/92098/Make_The_Money_and_Ru.html 793. Associated Press. “Candidate’s Family Close, Worked In Campaign.” July 18, 1980. 794. Date, S.V. “Jeb: America’s Next Bush.” 2007. http://books.google.com/books?id=vuW J1luD57cC&pg=PT223#v=onepage&q=commerce&f=false 795. St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Bush followed the family game plan: earn your fortune, then run for public office. A vast network of deals made it possible.” September 20, 1998. http://www.sptimes.com/State/92098/Make_The_Money_and_Ru.html 796. Miami herald. “Jeb Bush: The Son Rises Away From Dad’s Shadow.” August 15, 1994. 797. St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Bush followed the family game plan: earn your fortune, then run for public office. A vast network of deals made it possible.” September 20, 1998. 798. Sun Sentinel. “The education of Jeb Bush: Florida’s Popular Secretary of Commerce Joins his Father’s Campaign for President, and Plots his Own Political Future.” Au- gust 14, 1988. http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1988-08-14/features/8802160886_1_ jeb-bush-secretary-commerce 799. united Press International, “Florida Governor joins Bush campaign” 4/22/87. 800. Miami herald. “Jeb Bush: he’s Quitting Agency.” May 31, 1988. 801. New York Times. “A Savings And Loan Bailout, And Bush’s Son Jeb.” October 14, 1990. 802. New York Times. “A Savings And Loan Bailout, And Bush’s Son Jeb.” October 14, 1990. 803. New York Times. “A Savings And Loan Bailout, And Bush’s Son Jeb.” October 14, 1990.

174 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 804. St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Bush Joins Board At Lehman.” August 22, 2007. http:// www.sptimes.com/2007/08/23/Business/Job_offer_is_fake__Mo.shtml 805. St. Petersburg Times. “Sink Fuming Over Jeb’s New Company.” December 18, 2007. 806. St. Petersburg Times. “Sink Fuming Over Jeb’s New Company.” December 18, 2007. 807. St. Petersburg Times. “Lehman biggest provider of state funds.” December 20, 2007. http://www.sptimes.com/2007/12/20/news_pf/Business/Lehman_biggest_ provid.shtml 808. St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Denies Role In SBA Debacle.” December 19, 2007; St. Petersburg Times. “Jeb Bush Keeps A high-Impact Low Profile.” July 5, 2008. http:// www.tampabay.com/news/politics/state/jeb-bush-keeps-a-high-impact-low-pro- file/664280 809. St. Petersburg Times. “Florida stands to lose $1 billion because of Lehman Brothers’ bankruptcy.” June 5, 2009. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/florida-stands- to-lose-1-billion-because-of-lehman-brothers-bankruptcy/1007445 810. St. Petersburg Times. “Florida stands to lose $1 billion because of Lehman Brothers’ bankruptcy.” June 5, 2009. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/florida-stands- to-lose-1-billion-because-of-lehman-brothers-bankruptcy/1007445 811. New York Times. “Jeb Bush’s Rush to Make Money May Be hurdle.” April 20, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/21/us/politics/jeb-bushs-rush-to-make-money- may-be-hurdle.html 812. Orlando Sentinel. “Jeb Bush Becomes 1st Republican To Announce Candidacy For Governor.” October 5, 1993. 813. CNN. “Jeb Bush Runs For Governor In Florida.” August 13, 1993. 814. Palm Beach Post. “Chiles Chides Rival As Bush Clan Makes 3rd Campaign Tour.” October 11, 1994. 815. Palm Beach Post. “Texans Give Florida’s Bush A $74,000 Campaign Boost.” February 27, 1994. 816. Orlando Sentinel. “The GOP Race For Governor has Turned Nasty. Candidates Are Accusing each Other Of Lying In Their TV Political Ads.” August 2, 1994.; Or- lando Sentinel. “Smith Tells Bush: It’s All Yours.” September 13, 1994.; New York Times: “The 1994 Campaign: Florida: Governor and Jeb Bush Debate, exchanging Taunts and Claims of Distorting Truth. October 19, 1994. http://www.nytimes. com/1994/10/19/us/1994-campaign-florida-governor-jeb-bush-debate-exchang- ing-taunts-claims.html 817. Orlando Sentinel. “Chiles Burns Bush.” November 9, 1994. 818. Orlando Sentinel. “Can Mackay Win? Democrats Glum.” May 31, 1998. http://articles. orlandosentinel.com/1998-05-31/news/9805310093_1_mackay-democratic-party- jeb-bush 819. Orlando Sentinel. “Can Mackay Win? Democrats Glum.” May 31, 1998. http://articles. orlandosentinel.com/1998-05-31/news/9805310093_1_mackay-democratic-party- jeb-bush 820. Los Angeles Times. “Jeb Bush Reaching Out in Florida.” November 1, 1998. http:// articles.latimes.com/1998/nov/01/news/mn-38344 821. Washington Post. “Florida Governor.” November 4, 1998. http://www.washington- post.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/keyraces98/flgov/flgov.htm 822. CNN. “Florida Governor Jeb Bush Assures a Fair and Bipartisan Recount of Votes.” November 8, 2000. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0011/08/bn.47.html 823. Associated Press. “Jeb Bush Certifies Win For Brother.” November 27, 2000. 824. Los Angeles Times. “Jeb Bush Treads Lightly Amid Political Dangers.” November 30, 2000. http://articles.latimes.com/2000/nov/30/news/mn-59347 825. Los Angeles Times. “Jeb Bush’s Recount Role examined.” July 14, 2001. http://ar- ticles.latimes.com/2001/jul/14/news/mn-22362 826. . “Florida GOP Takes Voter Suppression to a Brazen New extreme.” May 30, 2012. http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/florida-gop-takes-voter- supression-to-a-brazen-new-extreme-20120530 827. Rolling Stone. “Florida GOP Takes Voter Suppression to a Brazen New extreme.” May 30, 2012. http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/florida-gop-takes-voter-

ENDNOTES 175 supression-to-a-brazen-new-extreme-20120530 828. Rolling Stone. “Florida GOP Takes Voter Suppression to a Brazen New extreme.” May 30, 2012. http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/florida-gop-takes-voter- supression-to-a-brazen-new-extreme-20120530 829. Sun Sentinel. “FeMA Director Says Agency Looking Into Miami-Dade Claims.” Octo- ber 15, 2004. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/sfl-fema15oct15-story.html 830. Sun Sentinel. “FeMA Director Says Agency Looking Into Miami-Dade Claims.” Octo- ber 15, 2004. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/sfl-fema15oct15-story.html 831. Sun Sentinel. “FeMA Director Says Agency Looking Into Miami-Dade Claims.” Octo- ber 15, 2004. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/sfl-fema15oct15-story.html 832. Orlando Sentinel. “Disaster Declared Before Damage Check.” May 15, 2005. http:// articles.sun-sentinel.com/2005-05-15/news/0505150017_1_fema-disaster-declara- tion-disaster-area 833. Orlando Sentinel. “Disaster Declared Before Damage Check.” May 15, 2005. http:// articles.sun-sentinel.com/2005-05-15/news/0505150017_1_fema-disaster-declara- tion-disaster-area 834. Agence France Presse. “Florida Governor Bush Admits Wilma Relief effort Weak.” October 26, 2005. http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Florida_Governor_Bush_Ad- mits_Wilma_Relief_effort_Weak.html 835. Associated Press. “Recovery From Wilma Begins, Not As Quickly As All hoped.” October 26, 2005. 836. Washington Times. “Jeb Bush, GOP: Time to leave Reagan behind.” May 3, 2009. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/may/03/gop-listens-in-drive-to- thrive/?page=all 837. FOX News. “exclusive: Jeb Bush talks immigration, education.” April 6, 2014. http:// video.foxnews.com/v/3438753162001/exclusive-jeb-bush-talks-immigration- education/#sp=show-clips 838. MLive. “Jeb Bush in Grand Rapids touts immigration reform, Common Core.” October 13, 2014. http://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/index.ssf/2014/10/ jeb_bush_in_grand_rapids.html; Wall Street Journal. “Jeb Bush Charts Tricky Course With embrace of Common Core.” June 16, 2014. http://online.wsj.com/articles/jeb- bush-charts-tricky-course-with-embrace-of-common-core-1402956578 839. Wall Street Journal. “Jeb Bush Charts Tricky Course With embrace of Common Core.” June 16, 2014. http://online.wsj.com/articles/jeb-bush-charts-tricky-course-with- embrace-of-common-core-1402956578 840. Yahoo! News. “Possible GOP presidential candidates court NRA.” April 25, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/possible-gop-presidential-candidates-court-nra- 211649898--election.html 841. Florida Department of State Division of elections. “election Results.” Accessed October 20, 2014. http://election.dos.state.fl.us/elections/resultsarchive/index.asp; “Campaign Finance Database.” Accessed October 20, 2014. http://election.dos.state. fl.us/campaign-finance/contrib.asp#cand 842. CNN. “Jeb Bush opposed to Florida Medicaid expansion.” March 6, 2013. http:// politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2013/03/06/jeb-bush-opposed-to-florida-medicaid- expansion/ 843. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Obamacare is flawed, Jeb Bush says at Milwaukee event.” November 4, 2013. http://www.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/barack- obamas-healthcare-law-is-flawed-gops-jeb-bush-says-b99135203z1-230581971. html 844. Weekly Standard. “The View from the Sidelines.” May 31, 2010. http://www.week- lystandard.com/articles/view-sidelines 845. Associated Press. “Possible GOP presidential candidates court NRA.” April 25, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/possible-gop-presidential-candidates-court-nra- 211649898--election.html 846. Miami herald. “Jeb’s ‘grand bargain’ a lesson for GOP.” June 9, 2012. http://www. miamiherald.com/incoming/article1940478.html 847. Wall Street Journal. “Jeb Bush Charts Tricky Course With embrace of Common Core.”

176 2016 SCOUTING REPORT June 16, 2014. http://online.wsj.com/articles/jeb-bush-charts-tricky-course-with- embrace-of-common-core-1402956578 848. New York Times. “Jeb Bush Returns to Fray and Finds Going Rough.” September 24, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/25/us/politics/jeb-bush-returns-to-fray- and-finds-going-rough.html 849. Tampa Bay Times. “Jeb Bush: ‘I strongly urge’ Floridians to vote against medical mar- ijuana.” August 14, 2014. http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/the-buzz-florida-politics/ jeb-bush-i-strongly-urge-floridians-to-vote-against-medical-marijuana/2192873 850. CNN. “Mike huckabee Facts.” August 14, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2013/08/06/us/ mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ 851. Arkansas Times. “Mike huckabee’s $3 million home.” December 4, 2010. http:// www.arktimes.com/ArkansasBlog/archives/2010/12/04/mike-huckabees-3-million- home 852. Los Angeles Times. “Voter Guide - Democrats / Republicans.” January 20, 2008. http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jan/20/local/me-guidenona20 853. Pew Forum. “Religion and Politics ’08: Mike huckabee.” November 4, 2008. http:// www.pewforum.org/2008/11/04/religion-and-politics-08-mike-huckabee/ 854. New York Times. “Wealth Is a Common Factor Among 2008 hopefuls.” May 17, 2007 http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/17/us/politics/17candidates.html 855. FOX. “On Air Personalities - Mike huckabee.” Accessed December 3, 2014. http:// www.foxnews.com/on-air/personalities/mike-huckabee/bio/#s=h-l 856. CNN. “Mike huckabee Fast Facts.” August 14, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ 857. CNN. “Mike huckabee Fast Facts.” August 14, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ 858. CNN. “Mike huckabee Fast Facts.” August 14, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ 859. CNN. “Mike huckabee Fast Facts.” August 14, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ 860. CNN. “Mike huckabee Fast Facts.” August 14, 2014. http://www.cnn. com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ 861. New Yorker. “Prodigal Son.” June 28, 2010. http://www.newyorker.com/maga- zine/2010/06/28/prodigal-son?printable=true 862. Christian Science Monitor. “Mike huckabee: a conservative with a social gospel.” November 7, 2007. http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/1107/p01s04-uspo.html 863. Christian Science Monitor. “Mike huckabee: a conservative with a social gospel.” November 7, 2007. http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/1107/p01s04-uspo.html 864. Christian Science Monitor. “Mike huckabee: a conservative with a social gospel.” November 7, 2007. http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/1107/p01s04-uspo.html 865. Washington Post. “huckabee’s Faith-Based Views Find Critics, Fans in Both Par- ties.” December 21, 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/ar- ticle/2007/12/20/AR2007122002432.html 866. Arkansas Lieutenant Governor’s Office. “Office history.” Accessed November 8, 2014. http://ltgovernor.arkansas.gov/office-history/ 867. Arkansas Lieutenant Governor’s Office. “Office history.” Accessed November 8, 2014. http://ltgovernor.arkansas.gov/office-history/ 868. FOX News. “Mike huckabee biography.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www. foxnews.com/on-air/personalities/mike-huckabee/bio/#s=h-l 869. New York Times. “Republican huckabee’s hopes Are Clintonesque, But Treasury So Far is Not.” April 19, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/cq/2007/04/19/cq_2596.html 870. National Journal. “28 Years After First Try, Poised to Win Statewide in Arkansas.” October 5, 2014. http://www.nationaljournal.com/hotline/latest- edition/28-years-after-first-try-asa-hutchinson-poised-to-win-statewide-in-arkan- sas-20141005 871. New York Times. “The huckabee Factor.” December 16, 2007. http://query.nytimes. com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C05e1De1F30F935A25751C1A9619C8B63&pagewante d=all

ENDNOTES 177 872. New York Times Magazine. “The huckabee Factor.” December 12, 2007. http:// www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/magazine/16huckabee.html?pagewanted=7&_ r=1&ref=magazine& 873. New York Times Magazine. “The huckabee Factor.” December 12, 2007. http:// www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/magazine/16huckabee.html?pagewanted=7&_ r=1&ref=magazine& 874. New York Times. “Charming and Aloof, huckabee Changed State.” Decem- ber 22, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/22/us/politics/22huckabee. html?pagewanted=all 875. New York Times. “Charming and Aloof, huckabee Changed State.” Decem- ber 22, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/22/us/politics/22huckabee. html?pagewanted=all 876. New York Times. “Charming and Aloof, huckabee Changed State.” Decem- ber 22, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/22/us/politics/22huckabee. html?pagewanted=all 877. The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. “huckabee Asks Panel To Draw Lines ethics Com- mission Defines Property Law” April 26, 1994. 878. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. “huckabee e-mail On Bond election Draws Complaint.” December 2, 2005. 879. . “Why Can’t Mike huckabee Catch Fire?” March 4, 2007. http://www. newsweek.com/why-cant-mike-huckabee-catch-fire-95567 880. Newsweek. “Why Can’t Mike huckabee Catch Fire?” March 4, 2007. http://www. newsweek.com/why-cant-mike-huckabee-catch-fire-95567 881. CBS News. “huck’s Gift-givers ended up In State Posts.” December 15, 2007. http:// www.cbsnews.com/news/hucks-gift-givers-ended-up-in-state-posts/ 882. Arkansas Times. “Counting The Furniture.” December 14, 2006. http://www.ark- times.com/arkansas/counting-the-furniture/Content?oid=864746; New York Times. “Charming and Aloof, huckabee Changed State.” December 22, 2007. http://www. nytimes.com/2007/12/22/us/politics/22huckabee.html?pagewanted=print; 883. Washington Post. “huckabee’s 1992 Words Get New Attention.” December 12, 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/11/ AR2007121101143_pf.html; Baptist Press. “evangelicals’ uSA Today ad affirms SBC for family stance.” August 27, 1998. http://www.bpnews.net/2510; Slate. “Mike huckabee’s Long Record of Defending Politicians Caught in Rape Gaffes.” August 23, 2012. http://www.slate.com/blogs/weigel/2012/08/23/mike_huckabee_and_todd_ akin_defending_rape_gaffes_.html 884. Washington Post. “huckabee: Dems think women can’t control their libido.” January 23, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/01/23/ huckabee-dems-think-women-cant-control-their-libido/ 885. NBC. “Meet the Press.” January 28, 2007. 886. Denver Post. “huckabee endorses ‘personhood’ amendment.” February 25, 2008. http://www.denverpost.com/breakingnews/ci_8360651 887. CATO Institute. “huckabee: The Biggest Big-Government Conservative.” December 11, 2007. http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/huckabee-biggest-biggov- ernment-conservative; 888. Council on Foreign Relations. “The Candidates on Climate Change.” September 11, 2008. http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/candidates-climate-change/p14765; Politico. “Mike huckabee denies backing cap and trade.” December 16, 2010. http:// www.politico.com/news/stories/1210/46484.html; Associated Press. August 5, 2005; Breitbart. “Mike huckabee to Conservatives: ‘Stop the Fight’ over Common Core.” August 24, 2014. http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2014/08/23/huckabee- to-Conservatives-Stop-the-Fight-Over-Common-Core; Associated Press. May 8, 2003. 889. education Week. “Should huckabee Be Wearing Flip Flops?” December 20, 2007. http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/campaign-k-12/2007/12/should_huckabee_be_ wearing_fli.html; uS Newswire. “Arkansas Governor Mike huckabee urges u.S. Senate to Pass Federal estate Tax Relief / Minimum Wage Increase Package.” August

178 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 3, 2006. http://www.wlox.com/story/5235921/arkansas-governor-mike-huckabee- urges-us-senate-to-pass-federal-estate-tax-relief-minimum-wage-increase-package 890. FOX News. “Mike huckabee biography.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www. foxnews.com/on-air/personalities/mike-huckabee/bio/#s=h-l 891. Wall Street Journal. “New huckabee Radio Show Moves In on Limbaugh’s Turf.” March 19, 2012. http://online.wsj.com/articles/SB1000142405270230386340457728 5963776745648 892. Politico. “Mike huckabee radio show ending.” November 27, 2013. http://www. politico.com/story/2013/11/mike-huckabee-radio-show-ends-100437.html 893. Arkansas Secretary of State. “election Results.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.sos.arkansas.gov/elections/historicalelectionResults/Pages/default.aspx; OpenSecrets.org. Accessed September 3, 2014. www.opensecrets.org; National Institute on Money in State Politics. Accessed September 3, 2014. www.followthe- money.org; Influence explorer. “Mike huckabee.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://influenceexplorer.com/politician/mike-huckabee/0f597f3ad3a144878c5afb9d 8ae1967e?cycle=2008; Associated Press. December 31, 1998. 894. Federal election Commission. “Details for Committee ID: C00448373 – huCK PAC.” Accessed September 9, 2014. http://www.fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommit- teeDetail.do 895. Meet the Press. January 28, 2007. 896. huffington Post. “Mike huckabee: Comparing Obama Gun Agenda To Nazism Isn’t ‘Crazy,’ It’s ‘True.’” April 4, 2013. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/04/mike- huckabee-obama-nazi_n_3015242.html 897. Sunshine State News. “Mike huckabee Backs health Care Repeal.” January 18, 2011. http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/blog/mike-huckabee-backs-health-care-repeal 898. Mikehuckabee.com. “Vote early But Not Often.” October 29, 2012. http://www. mikehuckabee.com/2012/10/vote-early-but-not-often 899. Slate. “Yes, Mike huckabee Backed Cap and Trade in 2007.” December 15, 2010. http://www.slate.com/blogs/weigel/2010/12/15/yes_mike_huckabee_backed_cap_ and_trade_in_2007.html 900. Bobby Jindal. “early Life.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www.bobbyjindal.com 901. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 902. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 903. Washington Post. “The u.S. Congress Votes Database Bobby Jindal (R).” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://projects.washingtonpost.com 904. Times-Picayune. “Suddenly Supriya: Louisiana’s new first lady is mom and MBA.” Accessed January 13, 2008. http://www.nola.com/living/index.ssf/2008/01/sud- denly_supriya_louisianas_ne.html; The Times. “Congressman helps deliver his own son.” Accessed August 17, 2006. http://seattletimes.com/html/nation- world/2003204489_deliver17.html?syndication=rss 905. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 906. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 907. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 908. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 909. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 910. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 911. Louisiana ethics Administration Program, “Bobby Jindal,” http://ethics.la.gov 912. Clarion-Ledger. “Bryant could lose anti-Medicaid-expansion ally next door in La.” September 19, 2014.

ENDNOTES 179 913. National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare. “Bobby P. Jindal.” Ac- cessed October 28, 2014. http://medicare.commission.gov/medicare/jindal_bio.html 914. . “About the Commission.” Accessed October 28, 2014. http:// thomas.loc.gov/medicare/about.html 915. uS Fed News. “Rep. Jindal named one of Modern healthcare’s 100 most powerful people in healthcare.” September 19, 2006. 916. New Orleans Times-Picayune. “Jindal, Bush to meet on Monday.” December 1, 2007. 917. New York Times. “Top Bush Adviser on Medicare Says he’ll Return to Louisiana.” February 14, 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/14/us/top-bush-adviser-on- medicare-says-he-ll-return-to-louisiana.html 918. Washington Post. “From a Distance, Keeping a Close eye on La.” April 30, 2003. 919. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/19/ us/bobby-jindal-fast-facts/ 920. The Times-Picayune. “Jindal counters Demo attacks.” August 16, 2007. http://www. nola.com/timespic/stories/index.ssf?/base/news-5/1187248123127760.xml 921. CNN. Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. 922. News Service. “Jindal leaves Capitol hill with smattering of successes.” November 26, 2007. 923. CNN. “Bobby Jindal Fast Facts.” February 2, 2013. 924. Washington Post. “For the GOP, a New Breed of Governor.” October 28, 2007. 925. huffington Post. “Bobby Jindal Response Panned By Pundits, Republicans And Democrats Alike.” March 27, 2009. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/02/25/ bobby-jindal-response-pan_n_169710.html 926. The hill. “The new and improved Jindal.” October 5, 2014. http://thehill.com/home- news/campaign/219759-the-new-and-improved-bobby-jindal 927. CBS News. “Bobby Jindal Takes A Beating.” February 26, 2009. http://www.cbsnews. com/news/bobby-jindal-takes-a-beating/ 928. CBS News. “Bobby Jindal Takes A Beating.” February 26, 2009. http://www.cbsnews. com/news/bobby-jindal-takes-a-beating/ 929. Mother Jones. “Can Bobby Jindal Drive Out the GOP’s Demons?” March/April 2014 issue. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/03/bobby-jindal-louisiana-gover- nor-religion-gop 930. The Associated Press. “Gov. Jindal budget cuts for next fiscal year focus on higher education and health services.” June 25, 2013. http://www.nolat.com/politics/index/ ssf/2013/06/bobby_jindal_budget_cuts_2013.html 931. The Advocate. “2013 poll shows drop in Jindal’s approval ratings.” April 3, 2013. 932. Talking Points Memo. “PPP: Bobby Jindal Is The Most unpopular GOP Governor In America.” August 21, 2013. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/ppp-bobby- jindal-is-the-most-unpopular-gop-governor-in-america 933. New Republic. “Whatever happened to Bobby Jindal?” July 8, 2013. http://www. newrepublic.com/article/113661/bobby-jindal-and-david-vitters-feud 934. New Republic. “Whatever happened to Bobby Jindal?” July 8, 2013. http://www. newrepublic.com/article/113661/bobby-jindal-and-david-vitters-feud 935. Times-Picayune. “Bobby Jindal is playing politics with Common Core, Louisiana stu- dents: editorial.” August 3, 2014. http://www.nola.com/opinions/index.ssf/2014/08/ bobby_jindal_is_playing_politi.html 936. Times-Picayune. “Bobby Jindal is playing politics with Common Core, Louisiana stu- dents: editorial.” August 3, 2014. http://www.nola.com/opinions/index.ssf/2014/08/ bobby_jindal_is_playing_politi.html 937. Politico. “Bobby Jindal sues federal government over the Common Core.” August 27, 2014. http://www.politico.com/story/2014/08/bobby-jindal-common-core-law- suit-110377.html?hp=l1 938. Washington Post. “Common Core will stand in Louisiana for now, judge says.” August 20, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/govbeat/wp/2014/08/20/ common-core-will-stand-in-louisiana/ 939. The Times-Picayune. “Jindal tax plan unveiled to legislators.” March 15, 2013. http:// www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/03/jindal_tax_plan_unveiled_to_le.html

180 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 940. The Times-Picayune. “Jindal tax plan unveiled to legislators.” March 15, 2013. http:// www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/03/jindal_tax_plan_unveiled_to_le.html 941. Talking Points Memo. “PPP: Bobby Jindal Is The Most unpopular GOP Governor In America.” August 21, 2013. http://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/ppp-bobby- jindal-is-the-most-unpopular-gop-governor-in-america 942. Associated Press. “Jindal scraps tax plan; wants income tax removed” April 9, 2013. http://neworleanscitybusiness.com/blog/2013/04/08/jindal-scraps-tax-plan-wants- income-tax-removed/ 943. Associated Press. “Jindal scraps tax plan; wants income tax removed” April 9, 2013. http://neworleanscitybusiness.com/blog/2013/04/08/jindal-scraps-tax-plan-wants- income-tax-removed/ 944. New Oxford Review. “Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare.” December 1994. http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal 945. New Oxford Review. “Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare.” December 1994. http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal 946. New Oxford Review. “Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare.” December 1994. http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal 947. New Oxford Review. “Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare.” December 1994. http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal 948. Louisiana Secretary of State. “election Results.” Accessed September 9, 2014. http:// staticresults.sos.la.gov/; Louisiana ethics Administration Program. “Louisiana Campaign Finance Reports.” Accessed September 9, 2014. http://www.ethics.state. la.us/CampaignFinanceSearch/SearchScanned.aspx; Federal election Commission. “Details for Candidate ID: h4LA00016 – BOBBY JINDAL.” Accessed September 9, 2014. http://fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail.do 949. Federal election Commission. “Details for Committee ID: C00559237 – STAND uP TO WAShINGTON PAC.” Accessed September 9, 2014. http://fec.gov/fecviewer/ CandidateCommitteeDetail.do; OpenSecrets.Org. “Stand up to Washington.” Accessed September 9, 2014. http://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/expenditures. php?cycle=2014&cmte=C00559237 950. Wall Street Journal. “Jindal Aspires to Be Leading Thinker in GOP’s 2016 Field.” Sep- tember 15, 2014. http://online.wsj.com/articles/jindal-aspires-to-be-leading-thinker- in-gops-2016-field-1410815673 951. Newsweek. “Is Bobby Jindal the GOP’s Obama?.” December 12, 2008. http://www. newsweek.com/bobby-jindal-gops-obama-82823 952. uS News & World Report. “how GOP Governors Are Splitting on Gay Marriage.” July 14, 2014. http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2014/07/14/how-gop-governors- are-splitting-on-gay-marriage 953. Christian Science Monitor. “Governor Jindal proposes Republican alternative to Obamacare.” April 2, 2014. http://www.csmonitor.com/uSA/Politics/monitor_break- fast/2014/0402/Governor-Jindal-proposes-Republican-alternative-to-Obamacare 954. Times-Picayune. “Bobby Jindal talks minimum wage on MSNBC’s ‘’.” Feb- ruary 26, 2014. http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/02/bobby_jindal_ms- nbc_morning_joe.html 955. u.S. house of Representatives. “Roll Call Vote 768.” July 31, 2007. http://clerk.house. gov/evs/2007/roll768.xml 956. evangelical Lutheran Church in America. “Governor Mike Pence (R-IN).” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://elca.capwiz.com/bio/id/10559 957. Politico. “Mike Pence.” accessed November 13, 2014 http://www.politico.com/ arena/bio/mike_pence.html 958. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Pence, Mike.” Ac- cessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=p000587 959. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Pence, Mike.” Ac- cessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=p000587 960. WThR. “Pence family comes home to Indiana.” January 14, 2013. http://www.wthr.

ENDNOTES 181 com/story/20585449/pence-family-comes-home-to-indiana 961. u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “Mike Pence Financial Disclosure extension Request Form.” Filed February 6, 2013.; u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. Mike Pence Annual Report – “Schedule III – Assets and ‘un- earned’ Income.” Filed March 11, 2013. 962. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Pence, Mike.” Ac- cessed November 12, 2014. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay. pl?index=p000587 963. The Library of Congress. “Representative Mike Pence.” Accessed October 30, 2014. https://www.congress.gov/member/mike-pence/1649 964. Politico. “Arena Profile: Mike Pence.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://www. politico.com/arena/bio/mike_pence.html 965. Politico. “Arena Profile: Mike Pence.” Accessed November 12, 2014. http://www. politico.com/arena/bio/mike_pence.html 966. Indianapolis Monthly. “Incoming: Mike Pence.” January 2, 2013. http://www.india- napolismonthly.com/news-opinion/incoming-mike-pence/ 967. Indianapolis Monthly. “Incoming: Mike Pence.” January 2, 2013. http://www.india- napolismonthly.com/news-opinion/incoming-mike-pence/ 968. Congressional Quarterly. “Rep. Mike Pence (R-Ind.).” September 8, 2014. http://me- dia.cq.com/members/7522/rc=1 969. Congressional Quarterly. “Rep. Mike Pence (R-Ind.).” September 8, 2014. http://me- dia.cq.com/members/7522/rc=1 970. Indianapolis Monthly. “Incoming: Mike Pence.” January 2, 2013. http://www.india- napolismonthly.com/news-opinion/incoming-mike-pence/ 971. Washington Post. “GOP woos Mike Pence for 2016, and Indiana governor says he’s listening.” May 8, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/gop-woos- pence-for-2016-and-indiana-governor-says-hes-listening/2014/05/08/967d0ece- d60d-11e3-aae8-c2d44bd79778_story.html 972. The Library of Congress. “Representative Mike Pence.” Accessed October 30, 2014. https://www.congress.gov/member/mike-pence/1649 973. Associated Press. “Pence’s pivot to the middle angers far-right base.” September 7, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/pences-pivot-middle-angers-far-171210274--election. html 974. u.S. house of Representatives. “Roll Call Vote 378.” July 18, 2006. http://clerk.house. gov/evs/2006/roll378.xml; Congressional Quarterly. July 18, 2006. http://www. cq.com/vote/2006/h/378; Congressional Actions, h.J. Res. 88. July 18, 2006. http:// thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:hJ00088 975. The Library of Congress. “h.R. 374, Life at Conception Act.” Introduced January 20, 2011. http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d112:hR00374:@@@P 976. Library of Congress. “Bill Summary & Status, 112th Congress, h.R. 3803 Cospon- sors. Accessed September 18, 2014. http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/ z?d112:hR03803:@@@P; Congressional Quarterly. “District of Columbia Pain-Capa- ble unborn Child Protection Act (hR 3803).” July 31, 2012. http://www.cq.com/doc/ har-4132341/13 977. evansville Courier & Press. “As Daniels prepares to leave office, Pence reaffirms commitment to finishing I-69.” December 28, 2012. http://www.courierpress.com/ news/no-headline-interstate69 978. Courier Journal. “Indiana taxpayers on hook for $2.7B in Ohio River bridge deal.” April 12, 2013. http://archive.indystar.com/article/20130412/NeWS05/304120019/ Indiana-taxpayers-hook-2-7B-Ohio-River-bridge-deal 979. Courier Journal. “Indiana taxpayers on hook for $2.7B in Ohio River bridge deal.” April 12, 2013. http://archive.indystar.com/article/20130412/NeWS05/304120019/ Indiana-taxpayers-hook-2-7B-Ohio-River-bridge-deal 980. Courier Journal. “Indiana taxpayers on hook for $2.7B in Ohio River bridge deal.” April 12, 2013. http://archive.indystar.com/article/20130412/NeWS05/304120019/ Indiana-taxpayers-hook-2-7B-Ohio-River-bridge-deal 981. Bond Buyer. “Indiana Names Shortlist for $1.3B Illiana Project.” March 3, 2014.

182 2016 SCOUTING REPORT http://www.bondbuyer.com/issues/123_42/indiana-names-shortlist-for-illiana- project-1060357-1.html 982. Illinois Times. “Building a toll road to nowhere?” September 9, 2014. http://illinois- times.com/print-article-14479-print.html 983. South Bend Tribune. “Indiana Toll Road bankruptcy reignites old debate about privatization.” September 23, 2014. http://indianaeconomicdigest.com/Main.asp?Se ctionID=31&SubSectionID=66&ArticleID=76497 984. Politico. “Pence likens health care ruling to 9/11.” June 28, 2012. http://www.politico. com/blogs/on-congress/2012/06/pence-likens-health-care-ruling-to-127628.html 985. Mike Pence Town hall Meeting. September 3, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=occbS4uSl9Y 986. Mike Pence Town hall Meeting. September 3, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=occbS4uSl9Y 987. Associated Press. “Pence’s pivot to the middle angers far-right base.” September 7, 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/pences-pivot-middle-angers-far-171210274--election. html 988. WDRB. “Gov. Mike Pence comments on federal judge same-sex marriage ruling.” June 27, 2014. http://www.wdrb.com/story/25888479/gov-mike-pence-comments- on-federal-judge-same-sex-marriage-ruling 989. u.S. house of Representatives, Office of the Clerk. “election Statistics.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electioninfo/index.aspx; Indiana election Division. “election Results.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http:// www.in.gov/sos/elections/2400.htm; OpenSecrets.org. “Rep. Mike Pence.” Accessed September 3, 2014. http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cycle= 2010&type=I&cid=N00003765&newMem=N; National Institute on Money in State Politics. Accessed September 3, 2014. http://www.followthemoney.org/ 990. OpenSecrets.org. “Win Back America PAC.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http:// www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00383927&cycle=2014 991. Associated Press. “Gov. Mike Pence, 2016 hopefuls back abortion policy.” Septem- ber 17, 2014. http://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2014/09/17/gov-mike- pence-hopefuls-back-abortion-policy/15762785/ 992. Politico. “Mike Pence’s war on Planned Parenthood.” February 16, 2011. http://www. politico.com/news/stories/0211/49609.html 993. The Library of Congress. “h.R. 374, Life at Conception Act.” Introduced January 20, 2011. http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d112:hR00374:@@@P 994. Project Vote Smart. “Pence Praises Supreme Court Decision.” January 20, 2010. http://votesmart.org/public-statement/479161/pence-praises-supreme-court-deci- sion-in-citizens-united-case#.VFpuuPnF98F 995. Office of Governor Mike Pence. “Official Statement on Supreme Court de- cisions.” June 26, 2013. https://www.facebook.com/GovernorMikePence/ posts/399209633531127 996. Associated Press. “Mike Pence Calls For Obamacare Repeal, Promotes Alternative health Care Proposal.” May 19, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/05/19/ mike-pence-medicaid-alternative_n_5353300.html 997. el Paso Times. “‘Bossy’ el Paso girl Susana Martinez a born leader.” October 24, 2010. http://www.elpasotimes.com/ci_16418689; Office of Governor Susana Mar- tinez. “Susana Martinez - Governor of the State of New Mexico.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.governor.state.nm.us/Meet_Governor_Martinez.aspx 998. Office of Governor Susana Martinez. “Susana Martinez - Governor of the State of New Mexico.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.governor.state.nm.us/Meet_ Governor_Martinez.aspx 999. Associated Press. “Crowded GOP field in NM gubernatorial primary.” May 22, 2010. http://www.scsun-news.com/ci_15144900 1000. Office of Governor Susana Martinez. “Susana Martinez - Governor of the State of New Mexico.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.governor.state.nm.us/Meet_ Governor_Martinez.aspx 1001. Office of Governor Susana Martinez. “Susana Martinez - Governor of the State of

ENDNOTES 183 New Mexico.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.governor.state.nm.us/Meet_ Governor_Martinez.aspx 1002. Office of Governor Susana Martinez. “Susana Martinez - Governor of the State of New Mexico.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.governor.state.nm.us/Meet_ Governor_Martinez.aspx 1003. Albuquerque Journal. “Governor (R) — Susana Martinez (i).” October 1, 2014. http:// www.abqjournal.com/457633/nm-election/governor-r-susana-martinez-i.html; Las Cruces Sun-News. “King, Martinez differ on state’s progress over last four years.” October 4, 2014. http://www.lcsun-news.com/las_cruces-news/ci_26664689/king- martinez-differ-progress 1004. Albuquerque Journal. “Governor (R) — Susana Martinez (i).” October 1, 2014. http:// www.abqjournal.com/457633/nm-election/governor-r-susana-martinez-i.html 1005. [1]Albuquerque Journal. “Tough As Nails.” September 12, 2010. http://www.abqjour- nal.com/elex/2010generalelection/2010governorrace/1223012state09-12-10.htm 1006. Albuquerque Journal. “Tough As Nails.” September 12, 2010. http://www.abqjour- nal.com/elex/2010generalelection/2010governorrace/1223012state09-12-10.htm 1007. Albuquerque Journal. “Detour leads to rewarding career as prosecutor for Dona Ana County.” January 2, 2000. 1008. Associated Press. “Brandenburg wins Democratic Primary for Bernalillo County DA.” June 7, 2000; Associated Press. “Brandenburg wins DA contest in Bernalillo County.” November 8, 2000. 1009. Albuquerque Journal. “Dendahl Re-elected as State GOP Chairman.” May 6, 2001. 1010. Las Cruces Sun-News. “Of the county races, DA candidates spending most.” October 24, 2004; Associated Press. “District Attorney District 3.” November 5, 2004. 1011. New Mexico Politics. “Martinez election, judicial retirements lead to lawyer shuffle.” January 5, 2011. http://www.nmpolitics.net/index/2011/01/martinez-election-judi- cial-retirements-lead-to-lawyer-shuffle/ 1012. Associated Press. “Major trials could play role in district attorney’s races.” October 26, 2000; Las Cruces Sun-News. “hot race for DA features experience.” October 10, 2004. 1013. Las Cruces Sun-News, via microfilm. “ex DA: We Outperformed Martinez.” July 24, 1998. 1014. Las Cruces Sun News, via microfilm. “DWI Cases dismissed when time runs out.” March 1, 1998. 1015. Las Cruces Sun-News, via microfilm. “Cases Dismissed.” March 2, 1998. 1016. Albuquerque Journal. “N.M. Gov. Race Turns Combative.” May 19, 2010. http://www. abqjournal.com/news/state/192331477097newsstate05-19-10.htm 1017. New Mexico Courts, The Judicial Branch of New Mexico. “Annual Reports FY 2000- 2009.” Accessed January 11, 2012. http://www.nmcourts.gov/newface/annualrp/ index.php 1018. Albuquerque Journal. “N.M. Gov. Race Turns Combative.” May 19, 2010. http://www. abqjournal.com/news/state/192331477097newsstate05-19-10.htm 1019. Associated Press State & Local Wire. “GOP Martinez elected first female NM gover- nor.” November 3, 2010. 1020. Albuquerque Journal. “Martinez hasn’t had To Crunch Tough Budget.” October 16, 2010. http://www.abqjournal.com/elex/2010generalelection/2010governorrace/162 317462010governorrace10-16-10.htm 1021. Albuquerque Journal. “Martinez hasn’t had To Crunch Tough Budget.” October 16, 2010. http://www.abqjournal.com/elex/2010generalelection/2010governorrace/162 317462010governorrace10-16-10.htm 1022. Albuquerque, Journal. “Franco gator ride-along muddies security waters.” July 14, 2014. http://www.abqjournal.com/221115/opinion/franco-gator-ridealong-muddies- security-waters.html; Associated Press. “Governor’s office releases hunting trip details.” July 5, 2013. http://www.alamogordonews.com/ci_23605369/governors- office-releases-hunting-trip-details 1023. Albuquerque Journal. “Gov. Martinez used State Police chopper to catch fundraiser flight.” October 9, 2013. http://www.abqjournal.com/277950/news/gov-used-state-

184 2016 SCOUTING REPORT police-chopper-to-catch-flight.html 1024. KRQe. “State Spends $100k On Governor’s Mansion Kitchen.” February 26, 2013. 1025. KRQe. “Taxpayers foot bill for gov.’s gym.” July 23, 2013. 1026. Las Cruces Sun-News. “Their View: Sex, secret agendas and stealth candidates.” October 6, 2012. 1027. Las Cruces Sun-News. “Their View: Sex, secret agendas and stealth candidates.” October 6, 2012. 1028. Associated Press. “Martinez donates $20K because of Texan’s rape joke.” October 14, 2010. https://www.victoriaadvocate.com/news/2010/oct/14/bc-nm-martinez- contribution/ 1029. Americas health Rankings. “Mew Mexico Ranking.” Accessed October 21, 2014. http://www.americashealthrankings.org/NM/underemployed/2011 1030. Americas health Rankings. “Mew Mexico Ranking.” Accessed October 21, 2014. http://www.americashealthrankings.org/NM/underemployed/2011 1031. KOAT Albuquerque News. “August 2014 data: States with the highest unemploy- ment rate.” September 24, 2014. http://www.koat.com/news/28207780 1032. New York Times. “Governor of New Mexico, and Now an envoy for Republicans.” February 24, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/25/us/politics/gov-susana- martinezs-war-on-licenses-for-illegal-immigrants.html?pagewanted=1&_r=0 1033. Business Journals. “43. Susana Martinez -- Governors ranked by their job-creation records.” June 27, 2013. http://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/on-numbers/scott- thomas/2013/06/43-susana-martinez.html 1034. Associated Press State & Local Wire. “Introducing the new governors around the nation.” November 3, 2010. 1035. Alamogordo Daily News. “Gov. Martinez encourages victims of domestic violence, even illegal immigrants, to call police.” February 11, 2011. http://www.scsun-news. com/ci_17357927 1036. Santa Fe New Mexican. “Our View: A Governor Speaks On Immigration.” May 16, 2012. http://www.santafenewmexican.com/opinion/a-governor-speaks-on-immi- gration/article_071dd286-d5e2-5c4a-81d5-8b34a6b6a394.html 1037. ABC News. “New Mexico Gov. Says Grandparents Immigrated Illegally, Backs Controversial Driver’s License Bill.” September 14, 2011. http://abcnews.go.com/ Politics/mexico-governor-susana-martinez-grandparents-immigrated-illegally-state/ story?id=14517589 1038. Associated Press. “Susana Martinez, New Mexico Governor, Releases evidence On her Grandparents’ Immigration Status.” November 4, 2011. http://www.huffing- tonpost.com/2011/11/14/susana-martinez-new-mexico-governor-undocumented- immigrants_n_1093251.html 1039. Santa Fe Reporter. “You’ve Been Served.” September 3, 2013. http://www.sfreport- er.com/santafe/article-7677-you%e2%80%99ve-been-served.html 1040. Amarillo Globe-News. “Jury declines to charge officers; secrecy surrounds decision.” October 10, 1999. http://amarillo.com/stories/1999/10/10/new_LG3507.001.shtml 1041. Santa Fe Reporter. “You’ve Been Served.” September 3, 2013. http://www.sfreport- er.com/santafe/article-7677-you%e2%80%99ve-been-served.html 1042. Las Cruces Sun-News. “Governor must be more open about travel.” October 10, 2013. http://www.lcsun-news.com/las_cruces-opinion/ci_24276495/governor-must- be-more-open-about-travel 1043. Mother Jones. “Is New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez the Next Sarah Palin?” April 16, 2014. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/04/governor-susana-martinez- new-mexico-2016 1044. Mother Jones. “Gov. Susana Martinez’s emails have Mysteriously Disappeared.” September 24, 2014. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/09/susana-marti- nez-destroyed-emails-hard-drives-new-mexico 1045. Mother Jones. “Gov. Susana Martinez’s emails have Mysteriously Disappeared.” September 24, 2014. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/09/susana-marti- nez-destroyed-emails-hard-drives-new-mexico 1046. Mother Jones. “Is New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez the Next Sarah Palin?” April 16,

ENDNOTES 185 2014. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/04/governor-susana-martinez- new-mexico-2016 1047. Mother Jones. “Is New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez the Next Sarah Palin?” April 16, 2014. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/04/governor-susana-martinez- new-mexico-2016 1048. Mother Jones. “Is New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez the Next Sarah Palin?” April 16, 2014. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/04/governor-susana-martinez- new-mexico-2016 1049. New Mexico Secretary of State. “election Results.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www.sos.state.nm.us/elections_Data/Past_election_Results.aspx; National Institute on Money in State Politics. Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www.fol- lowthemoney.org/; New Mexico Campaign Finance Information System. Accessed September 5, 2014. https://www.cfis.state.nm.us/media/CandidateMain.aspx 1050. Politico. “GOP candidates knock global warming.” August 18, 2010. http://dyn.po- litico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=82C45B00-18Fe-70B2-A8988eFe62e30eA4 1051. KOB eyewitness News. “Same-sex marriage laws could change in NM.” June 26, 2013. http://www.asipress.ir/vdcipzap.t1az32lict.txt 1052. Santa Fe New Mexican. “Our View: A Governor Speaks On Immigration.” May 16, 2012. 1053. Capitol Report New Mexico. “Photo Voter ID bill tabled.” March 15, 2011. http:// www.capitolreportnewmexico.com/2011/03/photo-voter-id-bill-tabled-2/ 1054. Associated Press. “50-state look at how Common Core playing out in uS.” Septem- ber 2, 2014. http://www.aurorasentinel.com/uncategorized/50-state-look-at-how- common-core-playing-out-in-us/ 1055. Albuquerque Journal. “NM says it’s ready to expand Medicaid.” September 30, 2013. http://www.abqjournal.com/271818/news/nm-says-its-ready-to-expand-medicaid. html; Albuquerque Journal. “N.M. insurance exchange stalls.” February 26, 2013. 1056. Dallas Morning News. “Ted Cruz’s Birth Certificate Released.” August 19, 2013. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/headlines/20130818-ted-cruz-born-a- citizen-of--under-the-countrys-immigration-rules.ece 1057. Texas Tribune. “On the Records: Ted Cruz Releases Tax Returns.” January 28, 2012. http://www.texastribune.org/2012/01/28/on-the-records-cruz-releases-tax-returns- too/ 1058. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress “Rafael, Cruz” Accessed No- vember 12, 2014 http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001098 1059. New York Times. “A Wife Committed to Cruz’s Ideals, but a Study in Contrasts to him.” October 23, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/24/us/politics/a-wife- committed-to-cruzs-ideals-but-a-study-in-contrasts-to-him.html?pagewanted=all 1060. Annual Report, “Part 3. Assets,” united States Senate Office of Public Records, Ted Cruz, Filed 5/15/14. https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/view/annual/e9738792- 2cb8-4637-86b5-eec6dd21664b/ 1061. Texas Tribune. “u.S. Senator Ted Cruz.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www. texastribune.org/bidness/explore/ted-cruz/ 1062. Senator Ted Cruz. “About Senator Cruz.” Accessed October 31 2014. http://www. cruz.senate.gov/?p=about_senator 1063. Dallas Morning News. “Ted Cruz touts legal record, while criticizes it.” July 29, 2012. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/headlines/20120729- ted-cruz-touts-his-legal-record-while-opponent-david-dewhurst-criticizes-it.ece 1064. Washington Post, “Who is Ted Cruz?.” August 1, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost. com/blogs/the-fix/post/who-is-ted-cruz/2012/08/01/gJQAqql8OX_blog.html 1065. Texas Tribune. “Tribpedia: Ted Cruz.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http://www.texas- tribune.org/tribpedia/ted-cruz/about/ 1066. The Daily Beast. “Ted Cruz at Princeton: Creepy, Sometimes Well Liked, and exactly the Same.” August 19, 2013. http://www.nationaljournal.com/member/hotline/ huckabee-return-to-sender-and-attach-another-gop-ethics-charge--20051202http:// www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/08/19/ted-cruz-at-princeton-creepy-some- times-well-liked-and-exactly-the-same.html

186 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 1067. NBC News. “7 Things to Know About Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX).” September 28, 2013. http://www.nbcnews.com/news/other/7-things-know-about-sen-ted-cruz-r-tx- f8C11285548 1068. Boston Globe. “harvard Law outsider became Tea Party hero.” November 10, 2013. http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2013/11/10/ted-cruz-was-polarizing- figure-harvard-law-foreshadowing-his-partisan-profile-senate/geuPs0iVgOyoi- dafkNe94h/story.html 1069. Washington Times. “Love Sen. Ted Cruz or hate him, he stirs unprecedented politi- cal passion.” October 6, 2013. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/oct/6/ love-him-or-hate-him-sen-ted-cruz-stirs-up-politic/?page=all 1070. Wall Street Journal. “election 2012: Ted Cruz.” Accessed October 31, 2014. http:// projects.wsj.com/campaign2012/candidates/view/ted-cruz--TX-S 1071. FOX News. “Greg Abbott defeats Davis, elected Texas governor.” November 5, 2014. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/11/05/greg-abbott-defeats-davis-elected- texas-governor/ 1072. Texas Public Policy Foundation. “The honorable Ted Cruz.” Accessed: October 17, 2014. http://www.texaspolicy.com/experts/honorable-ted-cruz 1073. New York Times. “For Ted Cruz, a Biography Built to Let Voters Fill in the Details (Favorably).” January 14, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/15/us/ted-cruzs- biography-lets-voters-imagine-the-best.html 1074. New York Times. “For Ted Cruz, a Biography Built to Let Voters Fill in the Details (Favorably).” January 14, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/15/us/ted-cruzs- biography-lets-voters-imagine-the-best.html 1075. Washington Post. “Who is Ted Cruz?” August 1, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost. com/blogs/the-fix/post/who-is-ted-cruz/2012/08/01/gJQAqql8OX_blog.html 1076. Mother Jones. “Meet Ted Cruz, ‘The Republican Barack Obama.’” November/De- cember 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/10/ted-cruz-texas-gop- senate?page=2 1077. New York Times. “Justices express Concern Over Aspects of Some Texas Re- districting.” March 2, 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/02/politics/ politicsspecial1/02scotus.html 1078. Boston Globe. “harvard Law outsider became Tea Party hero.” November 10, 2013. http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2013/11/10/ted-cruz-was-polarizing- figure-harvard-law-foreshadowing-his-partisan-profile-senate/geuPs0iVgOyoi- dafkNe94h/story.html 1079. houston Chronicle. “Profile: A man of many contrasts, Ted Cruz defies easy stereo- types.” October 15, 2012. http://blog.chron.com/txpotomac/2012/10/profile-a-man- of-many-contrasts-ted-cruz-defies-easy-stereotypes/ 1080. Mother Jones. “Meet Ted Cruz, ‘The Republican Barack Obama.’” November/De- cember 2012. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/10/ted-cruz-texas-gop- senate?page=2 1081. Dallas Morning News. “Ted Cruz touts legal record, while David Dewhurst criticizes it.” August 1, 2012. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/headlines/20120729- ted-cruz-touts-his-legal-record-while-opponent-david-dewhurst-criticizes-it.ece 1082. New York Times. “For Ted Cruz, a Biography Built to Let Voters Fill in the Details (Favorably).” January 14, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/15/us/ted-cruzs- biography-lets-voters-imagine-the-best.html 1083. Washington Post. “Who is Ted Cruz?” August 1, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost. com/blogs/the-fix/post/who-is-ted-cruz/2012/08/01/gJQAqql8OX_blog.html 1084. Dallas Morning News. “Ted Cruz made $1 million as lawyer while campaigning for Senate in 2012.” August 4, 2013. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/ headlines/20130804-ted-cruz-made-1-million-as-lawyer-while-campaigning-for- senate-in-2012.ece 1085. PolitiFact, Austin American-Statesman. “David Dewhurst says Ted Cruz represents a Chinese company found guilty of stealing u.S. blueprints.” April 19, 2012. http:// www.politifact.com/texas/statements/2012/apr/19/david-dewhurst/david-de- whurst-says-ted-cruz-represents-chinese-co/

ENDNOTES 187 1086. Dallas Morning News. “Ted Cruz made $1 million as lawyer while campaigning for Senate in 2012.” August 4, 2013. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/ headlines/20130804-ted-cruz-made-1-million-as-lawyer-while-campaigning-for- senate-in-2012.ece 1087. Dallas Morning News. “Ted Cruz made $1 million as lawyer while campaigning for Senate in 2012.” August 4, 2013. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/ headlines/20130804-ted-cruz-made-1-million-as-lawyer-while-campaigning-for- senate-in-2012.ece 1088. houston Chronicle. “editorial: Dewhurst is the clear choice for Senate.” July 13, 2012. http://www.chron.com/opinion/editorials/article/Dewhurst-is-the-clear-choice-for- Senate-3706250.php 1089. Dallas Morning News. “Cruz begins Senate career pledging to hold to conservative lines on spending, guns.” January 3, 2013. http://www.dallasnews.com/news/poli- tics/headlines/20130103-ted-cruz-begins-senate-career-with-pledge-to-hold-fast-to- conservative-lines-on-spending-guns.ece 1090. New York Times. “Ted Cruz’s Perfect Record.” February 5, 2013. http://taking- note.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/05/ted-cruzs-perfect-record/?_php=true&_ type=blogs&_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=1 1091. New York Times. “The ‘Just Say No’ Approach to Governing.” July 19, 2013. http://tak- ingnote.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07/19/the-just-say-no-approach-to-governing/ 1092. Texas Tribune. “Cruz Staging Number of events Across Texas.” August 15, 2013. http://www.texastribune.org/2013/08/15/ted-cruz-staging-events-across-texas/ 1093. NBC News. “NeW: Sen. Cruz ends 21-hour attack on Obamacare.” September 24, 2013. http://kfor.com/2013/09/24/texas-sen-cruz-still-going-to-fight-obamacare- until-no-longer-able-to-stand/ 1094. Politico. “hill prediction: headed for shutdown.” September 27, 2013. http://www. politico.com/story/2013/09/government-shutdown-predictions-97488.html 1095. NBC News. “NeW: Sen. Cruz ends 21-hour attack on Obamacare.” September 24, 2013. http://kfor.com/2013/09/24/texas-sen-cruz-still-going-to-fight-obamacare- until-no-longer-able-to-stand/ 1096. Politico. “Some GOP colleagues angry with Ted Cruz.” October 2, 2013. http://www. politico.com/story/2013/10/ted-cruz-blasted-by-angry-gop-colleagues-government- shutdown-97753.html 1097. Washington examiner. “Ted Cruz defends tactics on government shutdown, debt ceiling.” October 6, 2013. http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/ted-cruz-defends- tactics-on-government-shutdown-debt-ceiling/article/2536877 1098. Washington Post. “Cruz: GOP leads in 2014 because of shutdown.” May 31, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/05/31/cruz-gop- leads-in-2014-because-of-shutdown/ 1099. Washington Post. “Cruz aims to take on Obama if GOP wins Senate; won’t vow sup- port for McConnell.” November 2, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ cruz-provides-the-assist-but-hes-looking-beyond-tuesday/2014/11/02/d54b1e50- 62aa-11e4-836c-83bc4f26eb67_story.html 1100. Associated Press. “Compared to dad, Sen. Ted Cruz is a profile in moderation.” February 9, 2014. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/compared-to-dad-senator-ted- cruz-is-a-profile-in-moderation/ 1101. Mother Jones. “WATCh: Ted Cruz’s Dad Calls uS a ‘Christian Nation,’ Says Obama Should Go ‘Back to Kenya.’” http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/10/ted-cruz- rafael-father-video-christian-tea-party 1102. BuzzFeed. “Ted Cruz’s Dad: ‘The Average Black Does Not’ understand The Minimum Wage Is Bad.” September 2, 2014. http://www.buzzfeed.com/andrewkaczynski/ted- cruzs-dad-the-average-black-does-not-understand-the-mini#2kzbilm 1103. Associated Press. “Rafael Cruz, Ted Cruz’s Father, emerges As Outspoken Surrogate For his Son.” February 9, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/02/09/rafael- cruz_n_4755891.html 1104. Faith & Liberty Talk Show. “Interview with Rafael Cruz.” July 27, 2014. https://sound- cloud.com/rightwingwatch/rafael-cruz-obama-will-seize-guns-like-stalin-mao

188 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 1105. Family Leadership Summit. “Rafael Cruz Speech.” August 11, 2013. https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=BrepRglQNMo#t=789 1106. Mother Jones. “WATCh: Ted Cruz’s Dad Calls uS a ‘Christian Nation,’ Says Obama Should Go ‘Back to Kenya.’” http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/10/ted-cruz- rafael-father-video-christian-tea-party 1107. Texas Secretary of State. “Race Summary Report.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http://elections.sos.state.tx.us/elchist.exe; Federal election Commission. “Details for Candidate ID: S2TX00312 – Ted Cruz.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http://www. fec.gov/fecviewer/CandidateCommitteeDetail.do 1108. OpenSecrets.org. “Jobs, Growth & Freedom Fund.” Accessed September 19, 2014. https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00536540; Federal election Commission. “Details for Committee ID: C00536540 – JOBS GROWTh AND FRee- DOM FuND.” Accessed September 19, 2014. http://www.fec.gov/fecviewer/Candi- dateCommitteeDetail.do?candidateCommitteeId=C00536540&tabIndex=1 1109. houston Chronicle. “Ted Cruz says questions about Mourdock rape comment are ‘an unfortunate distraction from the issues that matter.’” October 31, 2012. http://blog.chron.com/txpotomac/2012/10/ted-cruz-says-questions-about-mour- dock-rape-comment-are-an-unfortunate-distraction-from-the-issues-that-mat- ter/#6630101=0 1110. CNN. “Cruz to CNN: Global warming not supported by data.” February 20, 2014. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2014/02/20/cruz-to-cnn-global-warming-not- supported-by-data/ 1111. CBS News. “Ted Cruz talks guns, same-sex marriage, Obamacare with Jay Leno.” November 9, 2013. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ted-cruz-talks-guns-same-sex- marriage-obamacare-with-jay-leno/ 1112. New York Times. “Ted Cruz on Same-Sex Marriage.” October 7, 2014. http://taking- note.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/10/07/ted-cruz-on-same-sex-marriage/ 1113. PLeX News. “Senator Ted Cruz Talks Politics to Sabato’s Class.” April 2, 2014. http:// www.newsplex.com/home/headlines/Senator-Ted-Cruz-Talks-Politics-to-Sabatos- Class-253641551.html 1114. Dallas Morning News. “Perry, Cornyn, Cruz assail Medicaid expansion as unwise.” April 1, 2013. http://trailblazersblog.dallasnews.com/2013/04/perry-cornyn-cruz- assail-medicaid-expansion-as-unwise.html/ 1115. The hill. “Cruz: Repeal ‘every word’ of ObamaCare.” June 7, 2014. http://thehill.com/ blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/208584-cruz-repeal-every-blessed-word-of-o- care 1116. Congressional Quarterly. “Member Profile – Rob Portman.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www.cq.com/doc/member-373?8 1117. Cincinnati enquirer. “Rob Portman exploring 2016 presidential run.” August 28,2014. http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2014/08/28/rob-portman- running-president-2016/14752161/ 1118. Congressional Quarterly. “Member Profile – Rob Portman.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www.cq.com/doc/member-373?8 1119. uS Senate. “Rob Portman – Biography.” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www. portman.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/biography 1120. u.S. Office of Public Records. Rob Portman – Annual Report: “Part 3 Assets.” Filed May 15, 2014. https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/view/annual/d46be557-117b- 47a2-9e04-19b35227c912/ 1121. Biographical Directory of the united States Congress. “Portman, Robert” Accessed November 12, 2014 http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index= 1122. The Cincinnati enquirer. “Portman could prop Ohio’s stumbling GOP.” November 19, 2006. 1123. Cincinnati enquirer. “Portman Could Prop Ohio’s Stumbling GOP.” November 19, 2006. 1124. Washington Post. “Republican Rob Portman, who could be a vice presidential contender, is a Washington insider.” July 16, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost. com/politics/republican-rob-portman-who-could-a-vice-presidential-contender-

ENDNOTES 189 is-a-washington-insider/2012/07/16/gJQArcQCpW_story.html; u.S. Department of Justice. “Patton, Boggs & Blow Supplemental Statement under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.” January, 30, 1986. http://www.fara.gov/docs/2165-Supplemental- Statement-19851201-DBBhN402.pdf 1125. Los Angeles Times. “Criticism Banned : haiti: Land of Poverty and Fear.” December 15, 2985. http://articles.latimes.com/1985-12-15/news/mn-807_1_baptist-mission- aries 1126. ABC News. “Did Rob Portman Lobby for haiti? No.” July 13, 2012. http://abcnews. go.com/blogs/politics/2012/07/did-rob-portman-lobby-for-haiti-no/ 1127. Washington Post. “The Impeachment Vote - Ohio.” 1998. http://www.washington- post.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/housevote/oh.htm 1128. Cincinnati enquirer. “Portman Could Prop Ohio’s Stumbling GOP.” November 19, 2006. 1129. New York Times. “Bush Loyalist’s New Role Is ‘Facilitator’ in house.” February 16, 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/16/us/bush-loyalist-s-new-role-is-facilita- tor-in-house.html 1130. Cincinnati enquirer. “A journey of hope, grief.” April 7, 2008. http://archive.cincin- nati.com/article/20080407/NeWS01/804070304/A-journey-hope-grief; New York Times. “Bush Loyalist’s New Role Is ‘Facilitator’ in house.” February 16, 2003. http:// www.nytimes.com/2003/02/16/us/bush-loyalist-s-new-role-is-facilitator-in-house. html 1131. PolitiFact. “Lee Fisher hammers Rob Portman on record in Bush administration.” September 9, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2010/ sep/09/lee-fisher/lee-fisher-hammers-rob-portman-record-bush-adminis/ 1132. CNN. “Supreme Court Showdown; Chemical Fire in Texas; IRA Renounces Violence; CAFTA Passes; Santorum Revealed; Shuttles Grounded Again.” July 28, 2005. http:// transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0507/28/ip.01.html 1133. Federal News Service. “Secretary Of Treasury John Snow Address A u.S. Chamber Of Commerce Access 2006 Small Business Summit.” May 12, 2006. 1134. PBS Newshour With Jim Lehrer. “New u.S. Trade Chief Discusses China, CAFTA.” June 23, 2005. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/business-jan-june05-port- man_6-23/ 1135. New York Times. “Q&A: The CAFTA Debate.” July 18, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/ cfr/international/slot3_071805.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 1136. Yahoo! News. “Potential Romney VP Rob Portman is a method actor of debate prep: ‘physical mannerisms, parsing of his voice, everything’.” June 4, 2012. http:// abcnews.go.com/Politics/OTuS/potential-romney-vp-rob-portman-method-actor- debate/story?id=16488358#.T8zO49u7W9V 1137. PolitiFact. “Lee Fisher hammers Rob Portman on record in Bush administration.” September 9, 2010. http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2010/ sep/09/lee-fisher/lee-fisher-hammers-rob-portman-record-bush-adminis/ 1138. The White house. “Press Briefing by Director of OMB Rob Portman on the Bud- get.” July 11, 2007. http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releas- es/2007/07/20070711-11.html 1139. Columbus Dispatch. “Democrats Low On Cash For Last Dash To Polls.” October 24, 2010. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2010/10/19/dems- low-on-cash-for-last-dash-to-polls.html; Columbus Dispatch. “Portman easily Defeats Fisher.” November 2, 2010. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/ local/2010/11/03/02-portman.html 1140. Columbus Dispatch. “Rob Portman commentary: Gay couples also deserve chance to get married.” March 15, 2013. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/editori- als/2013/03/15/gay-couples-also-deserve-chance-to-get-married.html 1141. huffington Post. “Rob Portman Approval Rating Down Among Republicans: Poll.” April 19, 2013. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/19/rob-portman-approval- rating_n_3116925.html 1142. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Senate moves forward on gay rights bill, with Rob Port- man’s vote.” November 5, 2013. http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2013/11/

190 2016 SCOUTING REPORT senate_moving_forward_on_gay_r.html 1143. Cincinnati enquirer. “Portman ends up a ‘no’ on immigration bill. June 27, 2013. http://www2.cincinnati.com/blogs/politics/2013/06/27/22974/ 1144. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Portman a potential ticket mate for McCain.” July 24, 2008. http://blog.cleveland.com/pdextra/2008/07/portman_a_potential_ticket_mat.html 1145. CNN. “Romney’s sparring partner offers glimpse into GOP debate prep.” October 3, 2012. http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/03/politics/portman-romney-prep/ 1146. CNN. “Romney’s sparring partner offers glimpse into GOP debate prep.” October 3, 2012. http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/03/politics/portman-romney-prep/ 1147. New York Times. “Bush Loyalist’s New Role Is ‘Facilitator’ in house.” February 16, 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/16/us/bush-loyalist-s-new-role-is-facilita- tor-in-house.html 1148. OpenSecrets.org. “Ohio Senate Race.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www. opensecrets.org/races/summary.php?id=OhS2&cycle=2010; NBC News. “Decision 2010 – u.S. Senate, Ohio.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://elections.nbcnews. com/ns/politics/2010/ohio/senate/#.VFksp_nF98F; OpenSecrets.org. “Ohio District 02 Race.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www.opensecrets.org/races/sum- mary.php?id=Oh02&cycle=2004; CNN. “America Votes 2004 – Ohio.” Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/eLeCTION/2004/pages/results/states/Oh/; Roll Call. “Members – Sen. Rob Portman (R-Ohio).” Accessed September 5, 2014. http://media.cq.com/members/373/rc=1 1149. Senator Rob Portman. “Weekly Column: Our Right to Bear Arms. April 4, 2013.” http://www.portman.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2013/4/weekly-column 1150. Cleveland Plain Dealer. “Sen. Rob Portman says equal pay bill he opposed would lead to lawsuits.” April 10, 2014. http://www.cleveland.com/open/index. ssf/2014/04/sen_rob_portman_says_equal_pay.html 1151. Dayton Daily News. “healthcare reform has split Fisher, Portman.” August 21, 2010. http://www.daytondailynews.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/health- care-reform-has-split-fisher-portman/nNGM9/ 1152. Yahoo News. “Portman predicts debt deal by Thursday.” October 13, 2013. http:// news.yahoo.com/portman-predicts-debt-deal-by-thursday-154726226.html 1153. NBC News. “GOP’s Rob Portman announces support for same-sex marriage.” March 15, 2013. http://nbcpolitics.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/03/15/17323938- gops-rob-portman-announces-support-for-same-sex-marriage?lite 1154. Columbus Dispatch. “Strickland touting auto bailout successes.” May 25, 2011. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/05/25/strickland-touting- bailout-successes.html 1155. Sun-Sentinel. “Bush Nominates hardliner As u.S. envoy To The u.N.” March 5, 2005. http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2005-03-08/news/0503080091_1_bolton-s-nomina- tion-john-bolton-korea 1156. Montgomery County Department of Finance. “9107 Fernwood.”Accessed October 30, 2014. www2.montgomerycountymd.gov 1157. Britannica. “John R. Bolton.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www.britannica.com; New York Times. “Never Shy, Bolton Brings a Zeal to the Table.” May 1, 2005. http://www. nytimes.com/2005/05/01/politics/01bolton.html?; Facebook. “John R. Bolton.” Ac- cessed October 17, 2014. https://www.facebook.com/AmbBolton/info?ref=page_in- ternal 1158. Commonwealth Club of California – Podcast. “John R. Bolton, Former u.S. Ambas- sador to the united Nations; Senior Fellow, American enterprise Institute.” July 17, 2007. http://www.commonwealthclub.org/events/archive/podcast/john-r-bolton- former-us-ambassador-united-nations-senior-fellow-american-ente 1159. Kirkland & ellis LLP. “John R. Bolton – Of Counsel.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www. kirkland.com; . “John Bolton joins Chicago-based firm.” March 10, 2008. http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/news/politics/blog/2008/03/john_bolton_ joins_chicagobased.html 1160. American enterprise Institute. “John R. Bolton.” Accessed October 29, 2014. https:// www.aei.org/author/john-r-bolton/

ENDNOTES 191 1161. Yale Law School. “John Bolton: ‘Non-Proliferation and International Cooperation.’” February 14, 2008. http://www.law.yale.edu/stuorgs/8255.htm 1162. Yale Law School. “John Bolton: ‘Non-Proliferation and International Cooperation.’” February 14, 2008. http://www.law.yale.edu/stuorgs/8255.htm 1163. Kirkland & ellis LLP. “John R. Bolton – Of Counsel.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www. kirkland.com 1164. Kirkland & ellis LLP. “John R. Bolton – Of Counsel.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www. kirkland.com 1165. Yale Law School. “John Bolton: ‘Non-Proliferation and International Cooperation.’” February 14, 2008. http://www.law.yale.edu/stuorgs/8255.htm 1166. Yale Law School. “John Bolton: ‘Non-Proliferation and International Cooperation.’” February 14, 2008. http://www.law.yale.edu/stuorgs/8255.htm 1167. Kirkland & ellis LLP. “John R. Bolton – Of Counsel.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www. kirkland.com 1168. Yale Law School. “John Bolton: ‘Non-Proliferation and International Cooperation.’” February 14, 2008. http://www.law.yale.edu/stuorgs/8255.htm 1169. Kirkland & ellis LLP. “John R. Bolton – Of Counsel.” Accessed October 30, 2014. www. kirkland.com 1170. Britannica. “John Bolton.” July 5, 2013/ http://www.britannica.com/eBchecked/ topic/1090737/John-R-Bolton 1171. Institute for Policy Studies. “John Bolton.” November 5, 2014. http://www.rightweb. irc-online.org/profile/bolton_john 1172. u.S. Department of State. “Biography: John R. Bolton.” August 8, 2005. http://2001- 2009.state.gov/outofdate/bios/b/53920.htm 1173. u.S. Department of State. “Biography: John R. Bolton.” August 8, 2005. http://2001- 2009.state.gov/outofdate/bios/b/53920.htm 1174. u.S. Department of State. “Biography: John R. Bolton.” August 8, 2005. http://2001- 2009.state.gov/outofdate/bios/b/53920.htm 1175. Britannica. “John Bolton.” July 5, 2013. http://www.britannica.com/eBchecked/ topic/1090737/John-R-Bolton 1176. u.S. Department of State. “Biography: John R. Bolton.” August 8, 2005. http://2001- 2009.state.gov/outofdate/bios/b/53920.htm 1177. Associated Press. “Senate confirms Bolton for top State Department job.” May 8, 2001. http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/08/world/09WIRe-DIPL.html 1178. New York Times. “Bush Appoints Bolton as u.N. envoy, Bypassing Senate.” August 1, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/01/politics/01cnd-bolton.html? 1179. New York Times. “Bush Appoints Bolton as u.N. envoy, Bypassing Senate.” August 1, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/01/politics/01cnd-bolton.html? 1180. New York Times. “Bolton to Leave Post as u.S. envoy to united Nations.” December 4, 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/04/world/05boltoncnd.html?fta=y 1181. Associated Press. “John Bolton resigns as ambassador to uN.” December 4, 2006. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16036708/ns/politics/t/john-bolton-resigns-ambassa- dor-un/#.Ve_ib_nF98F 1182. Wall Street Journal. “John Bolton Biography.” http://topics.wsj.com/person/A/biogra- phy/1136 1183. PBS. “President Bush Nominates John Bolton as u.S. Ambassador to u.N.” March 8, 2005. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/government_programs-jan-june05- bolton_3-8/ 1184. Washington Post. “Tough Love or Tough Luck?” March 8, 2005. http://www.washing- tonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A15521-2005Mar7.html; International Criminal Court. “About the Court.” Accessed October 27, 2014. http://www.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/icc/ about%20the%20court/Pages/about%20the%20court.aspx 1185. uSA Today. “u.N. Nominee Faces New Allegations of Verbal Abuse.” April 24, 2005.; uSA Today. “Woman accuses Bolton of harassment.” April 21, 2005. http://usato- day30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2005-04-20-whitehouse-bolton_x.htm 1186. Dallas Morning News. “Woman: Bolton bullied me Foes hope e-mail from Dallas consultant sways u.N. ambassador vote.” April 19, 2005.

192 2016 SCOUTING REPORT 1187. Associated Press. “Dodd: Bolton lacks support for u.N. post.” July 31, 2005. http:// usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2005-07-31-dodd-bolton_x.htm; Washington Post. “John Bolton, Multilateralist?” July 27, 2006. http://www.washing- tonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/26/AR2006072601826.html 1188. New York Times. “Bolton to Leave Post as u.S. envoy to united Nations” December 4, 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/04/world/05boltoncnd.html 1189. New York Times. “Bush Backs his u.N. Nominee, but Powell Warns of Volatility.” April 22, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/22/politics/22bolton.html?_r=1& 1190. Associated Press. “Senate confirms Bolton for top State Department job.” May 8, 2001. 1191. New York Times. “A Teary-eyed Rebel Defies Party Leaders.” June 6, 2005. http:// www.nytimes.com/2005/06/06/politics/06senators.html 1192. New York Times. “A Teary-eyed Rebel Defies Party Leaders.” June 6, 2005. http:// www.nytimes.com/2005/06/06/politics/06senators.html 1193. National Review. “Bolton 2016?” August 22, 2013. http://www.nationalreview.com/ article/356423/bolton-2016-robert-costa 1194. National Review. “Bolton 2016?” August 22, 2013. http://www.nationalreview.com/ article/356423/bolton-2016-robert-costa 1195. Pittsburgh Tribune Review, “Congress must defund the worst of the united Na- tions’ institutions” August 9, 2014. http://triblive.com/opinion/featuredcommen- tary/6556649-74/united-nations-israel#ixzz3haKunMhf 1196. Pittsburgh Tribune Review, “Congress must defund the worst of the united Na- tions’ institutions” August 9, 2014. http://triblive.com/opinion/featuredcommen- tary/6556649-74/united-nations-israel#ixzz3haKunMhf 1197. Pittsburgh Tribune Review, “Congress must defund the worst of the united Na- tions’ institutions” August 9, 2014. http://triblive.com/opinion/featuredcommen- tary/6556649-74/united-nations-israel#ixzz3haKunMhf 1198. Wall Street Journal. “John Bolton Biography.” http://topics.wsj.com/person/A/biogra- phy/1136 1199. Redland Baptist Church. “Ben Carson, Sermon.” August 5, 2012. http://www.red- landbaptist.org/sermon/ben-carson/ 1200. Palm Beach Post. “Ben Carson in West Palm Beach: I’d run for president if called to it.” September 8, 2014. http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/local/ben- carson-id-run-for-president-if-called-to-it/nhh8h/ 1201. John hopkins Medicine. “Curriculum Vitae Benjamin Solomon Carson, Sr.” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/cv/ benjamin_carson.pdf 1202. Baltimore Magazine. “Dr. Ben Carson Tells his Life Story.” February 2009 http:// www.baltimoremagazine.net/2009/2/dr.-ben-carson-tells-his-life-story 1203. John hopkins Medicine. “Curriculum Vitae Benjamin Solomon Carson, Sr.” Accessed October 30, 2014. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/cv/ benjamin_carson.pdf 1204. Johns hopkins Medicine. “Benjamin Solomon Carson, Sr., M.D.” http://www.hopkins- medicine.org/stlm/carson.html 1205. Detroit Free Press. “Bush awards Detroit native Medal of Freedom.” December 7, 2008. http://archive.freep.com/article/20080620/NeWS07/806200320/Bush-awards- Detroit-native-Medal-Freedom 1206. Internet Movie Database. “Gifted hands: The Ben Carson Story (2009).” Accessed October 25, 2014. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1295085/ 1207. Raw Story. “Conservative favorite Ben Carson compares legal abortion to human sacrifice.” July 1, 2014. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2014/07/conservative-favorite- ben-carson-compares-legal-abortion-to-human-sacrifice/ 1208. Washington Times. “CARSON: health savings accounts far better than Obamacare.” July 8, 2014. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/jul/8/carson-better-than- obamacare/ 1209. Raw Story. “Fox News’ Ben Carson: ‘Re-educate the women’ because ‘they get all riled up’ over abortion.” October 11, 2013. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2013/10/

ENDNOTES 193 fox-news-ben-carson-re-educate-the-women-because-they-get-all-riled-up-over- abortion/ 1210. New York Times. “Neurosurgeon’s Speeches have Conservatives Dreaming of 2016.” March 21, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/21/us/politics/dr-benjamin- carson-obama-critic-have-conservatives-dreaming-of-2016.html?pagewanted=all&_ r=1& 1211. Washington Post. “Ben Carson: Obamacare worst thing ‘since slavery’.” October 11, 2013. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2013/10/11/ben- carson-obamacare-worst-thing-since-slavery/ 1212. Mediaite. “Roland Martin Confronts Ben Carson Over Obamacare ‘Worst Thing Since Slavery’ Comments” October 18, 2013. http://www.mediaite.com/tv/roland-martin- confronts-ben-carson-over-obamacare-worst-thing-since-slavery-comments/ 1213. Washington Times. “Interview with Ben Carson.” April 23, 2014. https://soundcloud. com/rightwingwatch/carson-bundy-is-outstanding 1214. The Washington Times. “A ‘brainy’ role model dreams of America without divisions; Neurosurgeon prefers need-based quotas to .” February 17th, 1999. 1215. Run Ben Run. “About the Committee.” http://www.runbenrun.org/about_the_com- mittee 1216. New York Times. “Neurosurgeon’s Speeches have Conservatives Dreaming of 2016.” March 21, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/21/us/politics/dr-benjamin-car- son-obama-critic-have-conservatives-dreaming-of-2016.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 1217. New York Times. “Neurosurgeon’s Speeches have Conservatives Dreaming of 2016.” March 21, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/21/us/politics/dr-benjamin-car- son-obama-critic-have-conservatives-dreaming-of-2016.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 1218. New York Times. “Neurosurgeon’s Speeches have Conservatives Dreaming of 2016.” March 21, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/21/us/politics/dr-benjamin-car- son-obama-critic-have-conservatives-dreaming-of-2016.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 1219. Breitbart. “Ben Carson open to ‘conversation’ on 2nd Amendment, against assault weapons ban.” May 28, 2014. http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-TV/2014/05/28/ Ben-Carson-Open-to-Conversation-on-2nd-Amendment-Against-Assault-Weapons- Ban 1220. Washington Times. “CARSON: Obama is wrong that raising minimum wage will fix income inequality.” January 28, 2014. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/ jan/28/carson-unhanding-the-bread-that-labor-has-earned/?page=all 1221. The Daily Beast. “Really, Dr. Carson? Obamacare Is Worse Than 9/11?.” June 5, 2014. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/06/05/really-dr-carson-obamacare-is- worse-than-9-11.html

194 2016 SCOUTING REPORT

ABOUT AMERICAN BRIDGE

“On the left, the dominant “American Bridge has become player is American Bridge, one of the left’s most innovative a super PAC founded in and successful ventures.” 2010 by the liberal activist MAY 16, 2014 .” OCTOBER 1, 2014

“If you want a picture of the “Instead of focusing on future of politics, imagine million-dollar television ad an American Bridge tracker buys, American Bridge has fi lming a likely Republican carved out a role for itself presidential candidate — as the source of critical forever.” information for other JULY 28, 2013 progressive groups.” OCTOBER 16, 2012

“, who helped run Bill Clinton’s 1992 presi- “American Bridge aims to dential campaign and has record every handshake, endorsed a Hillary Clinton every utterance by Republi- bid in 2016, endorsed what can candidates, looking for he called American Bridge’s gotcha moments that could ‘sword and shield strategy derail political ambitions or that keeps the pressure on provide fodder for televi- Republican nominees while sion advertisements.” defending our own.’” JULY 8, 2011 JULY 9, 2013