Glossary – Important Terms

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Glossary – important terms Gamelan The set of instruments Karawitan The music of the Gamelan (lit: 'refinement') Laras Tuning system or scale Slendro The 5 note tuning system 1-2-3-5-6 Pélog The 7 note tuning system 1-2-3-4-5-6-7 Slendro – notes nearly equidistant – not pentatonic Pélog – two very large intervals, others can be very small There is no standard slendro or pélog – gamelans vary There is only one (occ two) note in common between slendro and pélog (6 or 5) Neither tuning system fits into semitones In pélog, 4 and either 1 or 7 are special (accidentals) – so still 5 notes Pathet 'Mode' (lit: 'restraint') Pathet Nem 2, 6 (5) preferred, 1 avoided Pathet Sångå 5, 2 (1) preferred, 3 avoided Pathet Manyurå 6, 3 (2) preferred, 5 avoided Associated with different times of day or night Different moods / characters Range of pitches used gets higher Irama Tempo – speed of balungan compared with underlying pulse Irama Lancar fast Irama Tanggung (I) Irama Dados (II) Irama Wilet (III) v slow Balungan Skeleton, basic melody Bukå Opening of piece played by one instrument Gåtrå Structural group of four beats/notes (bar) Seleh Last (most important) note of gåtrå Ompak Section of a piece Ngelik Section of a piece (often with singing and using a high register) Suwuk Ending section Sesegan Fast (lit 'closely spaced') Gendhing Piece of music for Gamelan, also used for longer forms. Bentuk Form / structure Lancaran Loud/short. 16 beats per gong, 4 kenong per gong. Ketawang Soft, vocal. 16 beats per gong, 2 kenong per gong. Ladrang Varied, medium length. 32 beats per gong, 4 kenong per gong. Srepegan Loud, very short: 2 beats per gong Sampak Loud, very short: 1 beats per gong .

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