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CEN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT UNIT Environmental and Rural Development Specialist

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CEN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT UNIT Environmental and Rural Development Specialist CEN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT UNIT Environmental and Rural Development Specialist Basic Assessment Report Public Access to Sardinia Bay Beach Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape DEDEAT Reference: ECm1/C/LN1&3/M/13-2015 BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR PUBLIC ACCESS TO SARDINIA BAY BEACH, NELSON MANDELA BAY METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY, EASTERN CAPE FOR REVIEW BY INTERESTED AND AFFECTED PARTIES 14 August 2015 PREPARED FOR: Mr. George Branford Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality: P.O Box 11 Port Elizabeth 6000 PREPARED BY: CEN Integrated Environmental Management Unit 36 River Road Walmer, Port Elizabeth. 6070 South Africa Phone (041) 581-2983 | Fax (041) 581-2983 E-mail: [email protected] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The sand dunes at Sardinia Bay Local Authority Nature Reserve, Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality (NMBM), are moving at approximately 2 – 5 metres per year in an east- north-eastward direction and have progressively inundated infrastructure. There is no longer access to the lower car park, the ablution block opposite the upper car park has been completely overrun and the dunes are beginning to encroach on the upper car park facility. Temporary measures were implemented to halt the sand inundation by clearing with a front end loader but this measure proved to be unsustainable. In addition, this measure is not in line with the National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act (Act 24 of 2008) as amended by Act No. 36 of 2014: National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Amendment Act, 2014). In response to the moving sand dunes, the NMBM is proposing to establish a new car park on a site that is not in the path of the moving sand dunes. The amended environmental authorisation granted for public access to Sardinia Bay in 2011 has lapsed. The proposed development requires a new environmental authorisation in terms of the National Environmental Management Act (No 107 of 1998) and Section 63 of the National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act 24 of 2008 as amended by National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Amendment Act No. 36 of 2014 before construction can commence. The development footprint of the parking bay facility is expected to be ~2500 m². This would be sufficient for ~160 cars as well an area allocated for the development of a toilet block (~100 m²) and an area allocated to the Sardinia Bay Lifesavers Club to develop a new clubhouse facility (~100 m²). Two sites have been proposed as being a suitable site for the proposed development and assessed to determine the environmentally preferred site (See Figure 1). Both sites are situated within Sardinia Bay Local Authority Nature Reserve which is a formal land- based protected area in terms of the National Environmental Management: Protect Areas Act (No 57 of 2003), as amended, and the National Biodiversity Assessment 2011 (NBA 2011). The activities proposed to be undertaken within Sardinia Bay Local Nature Reserve include; removal of infrastructure at upper car park; demolition of upper car park; site clearing and subsequent rehabilitation; widening of jeep track to a 6 metres wide gravel road; installation of water supply system; erection of gate / bollards across road to prevent vehicular access to upper car park; erection of gate / bollards to prevent vehicular access to other parts of Sardinia bay nature reserve; construction of parking bay facility; establishment of clubhouse within development footprint of parking bay facility; establishment of toilet block within development footprint of parking bay facility and the installation of conservancy tank at toilet block. 1 Figure 1: Proposed parking bays (Site Alternatives 1 and 2) Alternative Site 1 is situated ~300 metres from the swimming beach of Sardinia bay and situated on top of the escarpment overlooking the beach. Alternative Site 2 is located ~600 metres from the Sardinia bay swimming beach. Access to the preferred site will be east off Sardinia Bay Road, via the existing jeep track which will be upgraded to gravel road standards (width of 6 metres). The length of the upgraded route will be 20 metres to alternative site 2 and 460 metres to alternative site 1. Municipal water will be supplied to the site to service the water block and the water pipe will follow the route of the upgraded road. Alternative site 1 has a bigger development footprint (4100 m²) than site 2 (1600 m²) due to the proposed gravel road covering a distance of ~460 metres to site 1. The impacts expected as a result of the construction and operational phases of the proposed development do not differ significantly between the two site alternatives. The significance of the impact on flora from construction activities differs between the two sites and the significance of the impact on impact on dunes, fauna and flora and “sense of place” during operation differs between the two sites. Change in land use is the most significant impact expected during the construction phase for both site alternatives. A portion of the reserve will be changed into a parking bay facility (~2500 m²) and 460 meters (site 1) / 20 meters (site 2) of the jeep track will be upgraded to a 6 metre wide gravel road. The impact is expected to be negative with a medium significance for both sites. No mitigation is possible and the impact is likely to be permanent. The land rises steeply by 10 – 15 m behind the rocky shore forming an escarpment. The area is characterised by soil with high shifting potential and shifting dunes. The orientation of the dunes 2 is directed mainly by the prevailing south westerly winds. Easterly winds may become significant in spring and summer and north westerlies in autumn and winter. The dunes are predicted to move up the slope to the east of the lower car park and to eventually head north-west and close the lower parking bay naturally. Alternative site 1 is situated ~50 metres from the edge of the escarpment and the dune, at its current nearest distance, is situated ~120 metres south west of alternative site 1. It is unlikely that the dunes will “walk” in a northerly direction up the escarpment face and impact on the alternative site 1 parking facility. The dune is situated ~230 metres south- south west of site alternative 2. Based on the current path of the dune and the topography of the land, an impact of the moving dune on the facilities at site alternatives 1 and 2 has a slim probability of occurring. The impact on the dune as a result of demolishing the upper car park area during the construction phase is expected to be of a low significance with mitigation measures in place. The impact on the dune during the operational phase of alternative site 1 is expected to result in a negative impact of low significance with mitigation measures in place. The shorter walk from site 1, and existing footpath and ramp to “guide” visitors on to the beach is will make it easier to prevent visitors walking over the dune to get to the beach. Less mobility on the dune will encourage revegetation and could allow for the eventual stabilization of the dune. During operation, alternative site 2 is expected to have a negative impact on dunes with a medium significance. This is rated higher than site 1 due to the fact that visitors may still opt to walk over the foredune to get to the beach and mitigation to prevent this is very difficult to implement. Vegetation at the proposed parking area site alternatives is most accurately classified as St Francis Dune Fynbos Thicket Mosaic vegetation [Ecosystem status: Endangered] (Stewart, 2015). Fynbos is fire-adapted vegetation. The optimal fire cycle of fynbos is between 10-14 years. Controlled fires must continue in the area and uncontrolled fires, prevented. The impact on the social and natural environment at both sites as a result of a fire is rated as a negative impact with a high significance if no measures are in place. An emergency fire management plan must be implemented prior to the commencement of construction and updated to be specific for the operational phase. A fire break is recommended around the perimeter of the parking bay site which must be maintained, or, alternatively, burnt each year. An additional 1200 m² fynbos is expected to be removed to create a 5 meter fire break around the perimeter of the parking bay at site 1 and 900 m² fynbos is expected to be removed to create for a 2 - 5 meter fire break around the perimeter of the facility at site 2. With mitigation measures in place the risk of fire is low. Due to the protection status of Sardinia Bay and the undeveloped characteristics of the reserve, high species diversity and numbers are expected. A total of fifty-eight plant species were identified on site, of which two are listed as exotic and/or invasive species i.e. Acacia cyclops and Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu Grass). Alternative Site 2 has higher species richness, with 37 plant species identified, and a stronger, significant presence of SCC’s than alternative Site 1. Due to the higher species richness and presence of SCC’s at site 2, the removal of indigenous vegetation is expected to result in an impact of medium high significance before mitigation and of 3 medium significance after mitigation, even though only a relatively smaller area is required for the road upgrade. Site 1 is expected to have an impact of lower significance after mitigation measures are in place. There are a small number of scattered aliens occurring on both sites. Removal of the small number of aliens will result in a positive impact with low significance after mitigation.
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