DOCSLIB.ORG

(Apis Mellifera Capensis) at a Site in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Apis Mellifera Capensis) at a Site in the Eastern Cape, South Africa BOTANICAL INVENTORY AND PHENOLOGY IN RELATION TO FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF THE CAPE HONEYBEES (APIS MELLIFERA CAPENSIS) AT A SITE IN THE EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA. THESIS Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE, RHODES UNIVERSITY By ADMASSU ADDI MERTI April 2003 DECLARATION The Registrar (Academic), Rhodes University. Dear Sir, I, Admassu Adi Merti (Student no: g01m3960) here by declare that the thesis entitled “BOTANICAL INVENTORY AND PHENOLOGY IN RELATION TO FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF THE CAPE HONEYBEES (Apis mellifera capensis) AT A SITE IN THE EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA” is the result of my own investigation and research under the supervision of Mr. Peter Phillipson; and that it has not been submitted in-part or in-full for any other degree or to any other University. Signature…………………………………….Date…………………………………… ii TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................iii LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................vii ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................................viii LIST OF FIGURES..................................................................................................................x LIST OF PLATES..................................................................................................................xii LIST OF APPENDICES .......................................................................................................xiii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................1 General Introduction.............................................................................................................1 1.1.1 Phytochorological regions of Southern Africa ............................................................2 1.1.2 The relationship between plants and honeybees: ........................................................5 1.2 The flora and vegetation of Cape Floral Kingdom.........................................................5 1.3 Vegetation of the Eastern Cape ......................................................................................7 1.4 Plant diversity Hot spots...............................................................................................10 1.5 Taxonomy and distribution of honeybees. ...................................................................13 1.6 History of bee plant identification in South Africa ......................................................14 1.7 Economic significance and conservation of honeybees ...............................................15 1.8 Phenology of flowering and Cape honeybee colony cycle...........................................17 1.9 Research questions .......................................................................................................17 1.10 Aims and Objectives...................................................................................................18 1.11 The study area.............................................................................................................19 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................21 2.1.1 Vegetation of study area............................................................................................21 2.1.2 Geology of the study area..........................................................................................21 2.1.3 Soils ...........................................................................................................................23 2.1.4 Climate ......................................................................................................................23 2.2 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................26 2.2.1 Determination of endemism and phytochorological affinities of the study area.......26 2.2.2 Vegetation sampling..................................................................................................26 2.2.3 Classification of vegetation .......................................................................................27 2.2.4 Plant specimen collection and identification.............................................................28 2.3.1 Analysis of the flora ..................................................................................................29 2.3.1.1 Endemic plant species. ...........................................................................................32 2.3.1.2 Phytochorological relation of the flora...................................................................33 iii 2.3.1.3 Vegetation classification.........................................................................................34 2.3.2 Community description .............................................................................................37 2.3.2.1 Forest vegetation ....................................................................................................37 2.3.2.2 Bushclump vegetation type ....................................................................................38 2.3.2.3 Acacia savanna vegetation type..............................................................................39 2.3.2.4 Grassland vegetation type.......................................................................................41 2.3.2.6 Fynbos vegetation type...........................................................................................43 2.3.2.7 Shrubland vegetation type ......................................................................................44 2.3.3 Ordination..................................................................................................................45 2.4. Discussion....................................................................................................................48 2.4.1 Floristic analysis of the area ......................................................................................48 2.4.1.1 Endemic plant species ............................................................................................48 2.4.1.2 Phytochrological affinity of the area ......................................................................49 2.4.2 The plant communities ..............................................................................................50 2.5 Conclusion....................................................................................................................52 CHAPTER 3 OBSERVATION OF FLORAL RESOURCE UTILIZATION AND POLLEN COLLECTION BY APIS MELLIFERA CAPENSIS AT RIVENDELL FARM....54 3.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................54 3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS .................................................................................56 3.2.1 Bee observation .........................................................................................................56 3.2.2 Nectar and pollen collection by bees.........................................................................56 3.2.3 Preparation of reference slides ..................................................................................57 3.2.4 Pollen trapping...........................................................................................................57 3.2.5 Analysis of pollen......................................................................................................58 3.2.6 Protein determination ................................................................................................58 3.2.7 Brood population .......................................................................................................58 3.3. Results .........................................................................................................................59 3.3.1 Nectar and pollen source plant species......................................................................59 3.3.2 Determination of the weight of the pollen by source plant .......................................64 3.3.3 Daily incoming pollen weight ...................................................................................68 3.3.4 Seasonal availability of pollen...................................................................................69 3.3.5 Distribution of pollen source plants in relation to Cape honeybees..........................70 3.3.6 Protein determination ................................................................................................73 3.3.7 Brood population .......................................................................................................75 3.4 Discussion.....................................................................................................................76 iv 3.4.1 Bee observation .........................................................................................................76 3.4.2 Pollen collection ........................................................................................................78 3.5. Conclusion...................................................................................................................80
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Plant Rescue Management Plan
    Plant Rescue Management Plan 86 MW Oya Wind Energy Facility (WEF) and associated David Hoare Consulting infrastructure between Sutherland and Matjiesfontein, Western and Northern Cape Provinces Plant Rescue Management Plan for the proposed 86 David Hoare MW Oya Wind Energy Consulting (Pty) Ltd Facility between Sutherland and Matjiesfontein in the Address: Western and Northern Cape Postnet Suite #116 Private Bag X025 Lynnwood Ridge Provinces. 0040 41 Soetdoring Avenue Lynnwood Manor Pretoria Telephone: 087 701 7629 Location: Cell: 083 284 5111 Witzenberg Local Municipality within the Cape Winelands District Fax: 086 550 2053 Municipality Email: [email protected] Prepared for Oya Energy (Pty) Ltd 5th Floor, 125 Buitengracht Street Cape Town 8001 Report author: Dr D.B. Hoare (Pr.Sci.Nat.) 13 November 2020 Report version: 1st draft i Details of specialist consultant Company name David Hoare Consulting (Pty) Ltd Registration no.: CK2017/308639/07 Address Postnet Suite #116 Private Bag X025 Lynnwood Ridge 0040 Contact person Dr David Hoare Contact details Cell: 083 284 5111 Email: [email protected] Qualifications PhD Botany (Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University) MSc Botany (University of Pretoria) BSc (Hons) Botany (Rhodes University) BSc Botany, Zoology (Rhodes University) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS DETAILS OF SPECIALIST CONSULTANT ........................................................................................................................ 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Wood Anatomy of Afromontane and Bushveld Species from Swaziland, Southern Africa
    IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (4), 1990: 319-336 COMPARATIVE WOOD ANATOMY OF AFROMONTANE AND BUSHVELD SPECIES FROM SWAZILAND, SOUTHERN AFRICA by J. A. B. Prior 1 and P. E. Gasson 2 1 Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London SW7 2BB, U.K. and 2Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, U.K. Summary The habit, specific gravity and wood anat­ of the archaeological research, uses all the omy of 43 Afromontane and 50 Bushveld well preserved, qualitative anatomical charac­ species from Swaziland are compared, using ters apparent in the charred modem samples qualitative features from SEM photographs in an anatomical comparison between the of charred samples. Woods with solitary ves­ two selected assemblages of trees and shrubs sels, scalariform perforation plates and fibres growing in areas of contrasting floristic com­ with distinctly bordered pits are more com­ position. Some of the woods are described in mon in the Afromontane species, whereas Kromhout (1975), others are of little com­ homocellular rays and prismatic crystals of mercial importance and have not previously calcium oxalate are more common in woods been investigated. Few ecological trends in from the Bushveld. wood anatomical features have previously Key words: Swaziland, Afromontane, Bush­ been published for southern Africa. veld, archaeological charcoal, SEM, eco­ The site of Sibebe Hill in northwest Swazi­ logical anatomy. land (26° 15' S, 31° 10' E) (Price Williams 1981), lies at an altitude of 1400 m, amidst a Introduction dramatic series of granite domes in the Afro­ Swaziland, one of the smallest African montane forest belt (White 1978).
    [Show full text]
  • I UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA DEPARTAMENTO DE BOTÂNICA ANDRÉA MACÊDO CORRÊA CITOTAXONOMIA DE REPRESENTANTES DA SUBFAMÍLIA RUBIOIDEAE (RUBIACEAE) NOS CERRADOS DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Biologia Vegetal Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Eliana Regina Forni-Martins Campinas 2007 i ii Campinas, 02 de Março de 2007 BANCA EXAMINADORA Drª. Eliana Regina Forni-Martins – Orientadora Drª. Maria Angélica Maciel Martinho Ferreira Drª. Sigrid Luiza Jung Mendaçolli Drª. Neiva Isabel Pierozzi Dr. João Semir Drª. Luiza Sumiko Kinoshita - Suplente ______________________________________ Dr. Ricardo Lombelo - Suplente ______________________________________ Drª. Júlia Yamagishi Costa - Suplente ______________________________________ iii À minha família, de valor inestimável. iv AGRADECIMENTOS Este trabalho foi concluído graças ao apoio e dedicação de várias pessoas, que contribuíram direta ou indiretamente para sua realização. Agradeço então: A Deus; À minha família, Agostinho e Aracilda, meus pais, Araceli e Junior, meus irmãos, Otávio Augusto, meu sobrinho, pelo apoio, mesmo à distância; Ao meu marido Emerson, pelo apoio, companheirismo e auxílio nas coletas no campo; À Drª. Eliana, minha orientadora, que novamente confiou no meu trabalho, ensinando e ajudando em diversos momentos; À Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Biossistemática, pela infra-estrutura que possibilitou a realização desse trabalho; Ao curso de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal; À FAPESP (Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo), pela bolsa de doutorado concedida e os auxílios fornecidos a Drª. Eliana, possibilitando a realização dessa pesquisa; Ao CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico) pelo auxílio concedido a Drª.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Ecology of Critically Endangered, Rûens Silcrete Renosterveld in the Buffeljagsrivier Area, Swellendam
    Biodiversity and Ecology of Critically Endangered, Rûens Silcrete Renosterveld in the Buffeljagsrivier area, Swellendam by Johannes Philippus Groenewald Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Science in Conservation Ecology in the Faculty of AgriSciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof. Michael J. Samways Co-supervisor: Dr. Ruan Veldtman December 2014 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration I hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis, for the degree of Master of Science in Conservation Ecology, is my own work that have not been previously published in full or in part at any other University. All work that are not my own, are acknowledge in the thesis. ___________________ Date: ____________ Groenewald J.P. Copyright © 2014 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Acknowledgements Firstly I want to thank my supervisor Prof. M. J. Samways for his guidance and patience through the years and my co-supervisor Dr. R. Veldtman for his help the past few years. This project would not have been possible without the help of Prof. H. Geertsema, who helped me with the identification of the Lepidoptera and other insect caught in the study area. Also want to thank Dr. K. Oberlander for the help with the identification of the Oxalis species found in the study area and Flora Cameron from CREW with the identification of some of the special plants growing in the area. I further express my gratitude to Dr. Odette Curtis from the Overberg Renosterveld Project, who helped with the identification of the rare species found in the study area as well as information about grazing and burning of Renosterveld.
    [Show full text]
  • Prickly News South Coast Cactus & Succulent Society Newsletter | Feb 2021
    PRICKLY NEWS SOUTH COAST CACTUS & SUCCULENT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER | FEB 2021 Guillermo ZOOM PRESENTATION SHARE YOUR GARDEN OR YOUR FAVORITE PLANT Rivera Sunday, February 14 @ 1:30 pm Cactus diversity in northwestern Argentina: a habitat approach I enjoyed Brian Kemble’s presentation on the Ruth Bancroft Garden in Walnut Creek. For those of you who missed the presentation, check out the website at https://www. ruthbancroftgarden.org for hints on growing, lectures and access to webinars that are available. Email me with photos of your garden and/or plants Brian graciously offered to answer any questions that we can publish as a way of staying connected. or inquiries on the garden by contacting him at [email protected] [email protected]. CALL FOR PHOTOS: The Mini Show genera for February are Cactus: Eriosyce (includes Neoporteria, Islaya and Neochilenia) and Succulent: Crassula. Photos will be published and you will be given To learn more visit southcoastcss.org one Mini-show point each for a submitted photo of your cactus, succulent or garden (up to 2 points). Please include your plant’s full name if you know it (and if you don’t, I will seek advice for you). Like us on our facebook page Let me know if you would prefer not to have your name published with the photos. The photos should be as high resolution as possible so they will publish well and should show off the plant as you would Follow us on Instagram, _sccss_ in a Mini Show. This will provide all of us with an opportunity to learn from one another and share plants and gardens.
    [Show full text]
  • How Many of Cassini Anagrams Should There Be? Molecular
    TAXON 59 (6) • December 2010: 1671–1689 Galbany-Casals & al. • Systematics and phylogeny of the Filago group How many of Cassini anagrams should there be? Molecular systematics and phylogenetic relationships in the Filago group (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae), with special focus on the genus Filago Mercè Galbany-Casals,1,3 Santiago Andrés-Sánchez,2,3 Núria Garcia-Jacas,1 Alfonso Susanna,1 Enrique Rico2 & M. Montserrat Martínez-Ortega2 1 Institut Botànic de Barcelona (CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain 2 Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 3 These authors contributed equally to this publication. Author for correspondence: Mercè Galbany-Casals, [email protected] Abstract The Filago group (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) comprises eleven genera, mainly distributed in Eurasia, northern Africa and northern America: Ancistrocarphus, Bombycilaena, Chamaepus, Cymbolaena, Evacidium, Evax, Filago, Logfia, Micropus, Psilocarphus and Stylocline. The main morphological character that defines the group is that the receptacular paleae subtend, and more or less enclose, the female florets. The aims of this work are, with the use of three chloroplast DNA regions (rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer, trnL intron, and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer) and two nuclear DNA regions (ITS, ETS), to test whether the Filago group is monophyletic; to place its members within Gnaphalieae using a broad sampling of the tribe; and to investigate in detail the phylogenetic relationships among the Old World members of the Filago group and provide some new insight into the generic circumscription and infrageneric classification based on natural entities. Our results do not show statistical support for a monophyletic Filago group.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychotria Capensis | Plantz Africa About:Reader?Url=
    Psychotria capensis | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/psychotria-capensis pza.sanbi.org Psychotria capensis | Plantz Africa Introduction Bulbuls, robins and barbets are a few of the locals spotted dining at the black bird-berry, with its attractive glossy foliage and showy red and yellow berries. Description Description Psychotria capensis is an evergreen shrub or small tree, 3-8 m tall, with a slender stem, horizontal branches and pale brown bark. The leaves are shiny, light to dark green above and paler below, smooth and leathery; they are fairly large, 70-150 x 15-60 mm, elliptic to obovate, opposite and often drooping. Golden yellow flowers are borne in flattish, terminal, branched heads up to 80 mm in diameter from spring to midsummer (August to January). The flowers are followed in late summer to winter (January to July) by 1 of 4 2016/12/15 12:19 PM Psychotria capensis | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/psychotria-capensis large, flat clusters of pea-sized, shiny yellow fruits ripening to red or black. Distribution and habitat Distribution description Psychotria capensis is found on the eastern side of the country from Knysna through the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal to Mpumalanga, Limpopo, southern Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitat ranges from sea level to 1 500 m in evergreen forests, forest margins, shrub and dune bush, edges of rivers and rocky outcrops in high-rainfall grassland. Derivation of name and historical aspects History Psychotria is Greek for vivifying, meaning to give or endow with life and refers to the several supposed healing properties of some species; capensis means of the Cape.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Sci 2009 Bergh N G.Pdf
    The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgementTown of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Cape Published by the University ofof Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University Systematics of the Relhaniinae (Asteraceae- Gnaphalieae) in southern Africa: geography and evolution in an endemic Cape plant lineage. Nicola Georgina Bergh Town Thesis presented for theCape Degree of DOCTOR OF ofPHILOSOPHY in the Department of Botany UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN University May 2009 Town Cape of University ii ABSTRACT The Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR) houses a flora unique for its diversity and high endemicity. A large amount of the diversity is housed in just a few lineages, presumed to have radiated in the region. For many of these lineages there is no robust phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships, and few Cape plants have been examined for the spatial distribution of their population genetic variation. Such studies are especially relevant for the Cape where high rates of species diversification and the ongoing maintenance of species proliferation is hypothesised. Subtribe Relhaniinae of the daisy tribe Gnaphalieae is one such little-studied lineage. The taxonomic circumscription of this subtribe, the biogeography of its early diversification and its relationships to other members of the Gnaphalieae are elucidated by means of a dated phylogenetic hypothesis. Molecular DNA sequence data from both chloroplast and nuclear genomes are used to reconstruct evolutionary history using parsimony and Bayesian tools for phylogeny estimation.
    [Show full text]
  • Plethora of Plants - Collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse Succulents
    NAT. CROAT. VOL. 27 No 2 407-420* ZAGREB December 31, 2018 professional paper/stručni članak – museum collections/muzejske zbirke DOI 10.20302/NC.2018.27.28 PLETHORA OF PLANTS - COLLECTIONS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB (2): GLASSHOUSE SUCCULENTS Dubravka Sandev, Darko Mihelj & Sanja Kovačić Botanical Garden, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia (e-mail: [email protected]) Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants – collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse succulents. Nat. Croat. Vol. 27, No. 2, 407- 420*, 2018, Zagreb. In this paper, the plant lists of glasshouse succulents grown in the Botanical Garden from 1895 to 2017 are studied. Synonymy, nomenclature and origin of plant material were sorted. The lists of species grown in the last 122 years are constructed in such a way as to show that throughout that period at least 1423 taxa of succulent plants from 254 genera and 17 families inhabited the Garden’s cold glass- house collection. Key words: Zagreb Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, historic plant collections, succulent col- lection Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S.: Obilje bilja – zbirke Botaničkoga vrta Prirodoslovno- matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (2): Stakleničke mesnatice. Nat. Croat. Vol. 27, No. 2, 407-420*, 2018, Zagreb. U ovom članku sastavljeni su popisi stakleničkih mesnatica uzgajanih u Botaničkom vrtu zagrebačkog Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta između 1895. i 2017. Uređena je sinonimka i no- menklatura te istraženo podrijetlo biljnog materijala. Rezultati pokazuju kako je tijekom 122 godine kroz zbirku mesnatica hladnog staklenika prošlo najmanje 1423 svojti iz 254 rodova i 17 porodica.
    [Show full text]
  • Monographs of Invasive Plants in Europe: Carpobrotus Josefina G
    Monographs of invasive plants in Europe: Carpobrotus Josefina G. Campoy, Alicia T. R. Acosta, Laurence Affre, R Barreiro, Giuseppe Brundu, Elise Buisson, L Gonzalez, Margarita Lema, Ana Novoa, R Retuerto, et al. To cite this version: Josefina G. Campoy, Alicia T. R. Acosta, Laurence Affre, R Barreiro, Giuseppe Brundu, etal.. Monographs of invasive plants in Europe: Carpobrotus. Botany Letters, Taylor & Francis, 2018, 165 (3-4), pp.440-475. 10.1080/23818107.2018.1487884. hal-01927850 HAL Id: hal-01927850 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01927850 Submitted on 11 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ARTICLE Monographs of invasive plants in Europe: Carpobrotus Josefina G. Campoy a, Alicia T. R. Acostab, Laurence Affrec, Rodolfo Barreirod, Giuseppe Brundue, Elise Buissonf, Luís Gonzálezg, Margarita Lemaa, Ana Novoah,i,j, Rubén Retuerto a, Sergio R. Roiload and Jaime Fagúndez d aDepartment of Functional Biology, Area of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; bDipartimento
    [Show full text]
  • Conophytum N.E.Br.: Distribution, Habitat and Conservation
    LJMU Research Online Young, AJ and Rodgerson, C The dwarf succulent genus Conophytum N.E.Br.: distribution, habitat and conservation. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/5094/ Article Citation (please note it is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from this work) Young, AJ and Rodgerson, C (2016) The dwarf succulent genus Conophytum N.E.Br.: distribution, habitat and conservation. Aloe, 52 (2). ISSN 0002-6301 LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. For more information please contact [email protected] http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/ ALOEALOE 52:2:2016 Succulent Society of South Africa Vetplantvereniging van Suid-Afrika Vol 52, No 2, 2016 Objectives Front cover: C. bachelorum on quartzite Back cover: C. subterraneum near The objectives of the Society are to promote blocks on a hilltop southwest of Eksteenfontein in the Richtersveld.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Reserve Management Plan
    INTEGRATED RESERVE MANAGEMENT PLAN WITZANDS AQUIFER NATURE RESERVE City of Cape Town June 2011, updated September 2014 INTEGRATED RESERVE MANAGEMENT PLAN Compiled by Charline Mc Kie Biodiversity Management Branch Environmental Resource Management Department City of Cape Town Witzands Aquifer Nature Reserve June 2011, updated September 2014 ISBN NUMBER TABLE OF CONTENTS PART NUMBER SECTIONS AND SUBSECTIONS PAGE NUMBERS List of maps ii List of figures ii List of tables ii List of appendices iii List of abbreviations used iv Part 1 1. Introduction 1 Description 1.1 Aim of the Integrated Reserve Management Plan 1 1.2 Location and extent 4 2. Description of landholdings and ownership 7 2.1 Property details and title deed information 7 2.2 Landscape perspective 9 2.3 Physical environment 12 2.4 Biological environment 16 2.5 Socio-political context 21 2.6 Protected-area expansion 23 3. Purpose, vision/mission, significance/value 23 3.1 Purpose of the protected area 23 3.2 Vision and mission 24 3.3 Significance of property (biodiversity, heritage and 26 social) Part 2 4. Administrative and legal framework for the 27 Management management authority policy framework 4.1 Legal framework 27 4.2 Administrative framework 34 5. Protected-area policy framework & guiding 36 management principles 5.1 Management objectives 36 5.2 SWOT analysis 43 5.3 Protected-area management policy framework and 45 guiding principles 5.4 Sensitivity-value analysis of the Witzands Aquifer 52 Nature Reserve 5.5 Zoning plan of the Witzands Aquifer Nature Reserve 53 6. Development plan 57 7. Costing plan 57 Part 3 8.
    [Show full text]