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Detestable Offenses: an Examination of Sodomy Laws from Colonial America to the Nineteenth Century”
“Detestable Offenses: An Examination of Sodomy Laws from Colonial America to the Nineteenth Century” Taylor Runquist Western Illinois University 1 The act of sodomy has a long history of illegality, beginning in England during the reign of Henry VIII in 1533. The view of sodomy as a crime was brought to British America by colonists and was recorded in newspapers and law books alike. Sodomy laws would continue to adapt and change after their initial creation in the colonial era, from a common law offense to a clearly defined criminal act. Sodomy laws were not meant to persecute homosexuals specifically; they were meant to prevent the moral corruption and degradation of society. The definition of homosexuality also continued to adapt and change as the laws changed. Although sodomites had been treated differently in America and England, being a sodomite had the same social effects for the persecuted individual in both countries. The study of homosexuals throughout history is a fairly young field, but those who attempt to study this topic are often faced with the same issues. There are not many historical accounts from homosexuals themselves. This lack of sources can be attributed to their writings being censored, destroyed, or simply not withstanding the test of time. Another problem faced by historians of homosexuality is that a clear identity for homosexuals did not exist until the early 1900s. There are two approaches to trying to handle this lack of identity: the first is to only treat sodomy as an act and not an identity and the other is to attempt to create a homosexual identity for those convicted of sodomy. -
Sex Offender Registration Statutes: Impact on Addressing Sexual Abuse in Custodial Settings
WHITE PAPER: DO NOT Distribute, Copy or Reproduce without permission from the authors LEGAL RESPONSES TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN CUSTODY Sex Offender Registration Statutes: Impact on Addressing Sexual Abuse in Custodial Settings Brenda V. Smith and Mary E. Pavlik The Project on Addressing Prison Rape American University, Washington College of Law www.wcl.american.edu/endsilence 1 WHITE PAPER: DO NOT Distribute, Copy or Reproduce without permission from the authors LEGAL RESPONSES TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN CUSTODY Sex Offender Registration Statutes: Impact on Addressing Sexual Abuse in Custodial Settings AUTHORS: Brenda V. Smith Professor of Law Director The Project on Addressing Prison Rape The Washington College of Law 4801 Massachusetts Ave NW Washington DC, 20016 Phone: 202-274-4261 Fax: 202-274-4182 [email protected] Mary E. Pavlik, Esq. Legal Consultant The Project on Addressing Prison Rape The Washington College of Law 4801 Massachusetts Ave NW Washington DC, 20016 2 WHITE PAPER: DO NOT Distribute, Copy or Reproduce without permission from the authors Copyright © 2012 for the National Institute of Corrections by Brenda V. Smith and Mary E. Pavlik Disclaimer: This publication was prepared under cooperative agreement 06S20GJ1 from the National Institute of Corrections, U.S. Department of Justice and The Project on Addressing Prison Rape. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official opinion or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from The Project on Addressing Prison Rape. -
Mandatory Guilty Plea Form
IN THE IOWA DISTRICT COURT FOR _____________________ COUNTY ) STATE OF IOWA, ) ) PLAINTIFF, ) CASE NO. ____________________________ ) VS. ) ) WRITTEN GUILTY PLEA AND ___________________________ ) WAIVER OF RIGHTS ) DEFENDANT. ) ) COMES NOW, the Defendant, and states to the Court: 1. I know I have the right to a lawyer and that if I cannot afford to pay a lawyer one will be appointed for me at public expense to represent me at all stages of this criminal case. I am represented by _____________________, who is authorized by me to appear on my behalf for ☐ guilty plea only ☐ guilty plea and sentencing. My attorney has told me that he/she/they are willing to defend me at trial if I desire a trial. I am satisfied with the services of my attorney. Initials _________ 2. I have been advised of my CONSTITUTIONAL and STATUTORY RIGHTS. I have received and read a copy of the Trial Information and Minutes of Testimony. I believe that my attorney is fully informed as to all such matters. My attorney has informed me, counseled me, and advised me at length as to the nature of each accusation against me as set forth in the Trial Information, the elements that the State would be required to prove against me for each charge, and any possible defenses I might have in this case. I agree that the Minutes of Testimony relating to the elements of each charge to which I am entering a guilty plea are substantially true and correct, or I agree that I could be found guilty by a jury at trial of each charge to which I am entering a guilty plea if witnesses testified as set forth in the Minutes of Testimony. -
Case Law Update, March 2019
Sex Offender Registration and Notification in the United States Current Case Law and Issues March 2019 Sex Offender Registration and Notification in the United States: Current Case Law and Issues March 2019 Contents I. Overview of U.S. Sex Offender Registration ......................................................................... 1 Registration is a Local Activity ................................................................................................. 1 Federal Minimum Standards ................................................................................................... 1 National Sex Offender Public Website ..................................................................................... 1 Federal Law Enforcement Databases ...................................................................................... 2 Federal Corrections ................................................................................................................. 3 Federal Law Enforcement and Investigations......................................................................... 3 II. Who Is Required to Register? .......................................................................................... 3 ‘Conviction’ .............................................................................................................................. 3 ‘Sex Offenders’ ......................................................................................................................... 4 ‘Catch-All’ Provisions ............................................................................................................. -
Iff and Appellee
07/06/2021 DA 19-0411 Case Number: DA 19-0411 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA 2021 MT 162 STATE OF MONTANA, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. TERENCE JAMES THIBEAULT, Defendant and Appellant. APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Thirteenth Judicial District, In and For the County of Yellowstone, Cause No. DC 19-0297 Honorable Gregory R. Todd, Presiding Judge COUNSEL OF RECORD: For Appellant: Shannon Sweeney, Attorney at Law, Anaconda, Montana For Appellee: Austin Knudsen, Montana Attorney General, Bree Gee, Assistant Attorney General, Helena, Montana Scott D. Twito, Yellowstone County Attorney, Ed Zink, Deputy Chief County Attorney, Billings, Montana Submitted on Briefs: March 17, 2021 Decided: July 6, 2021 Filed: __________________________________________cir-641.—if Clerk Justice Dirk Sandefur delivered the Opinion of the Court. ¶1 Terence J. Thibeault appeals the May 2019 judgment of the Thirteenth Judicial District Court, Yellowstone County, affirming his January 2019 judgment of conviction in Yellowstone County Justice Court on the offense of criminal possession of drug paraphernalia, a misdemeanor in violation of § 45-10-103, MCA. We address the following restated issue: Whether the Justice Court illegally imposed a 10-day jail term as a condition of a deferred imposition of sentence? We affirm. PROCEDURAL AND FACTUAL BACKGROUND ¶2 In the late evening of July 14, 2018, a Montana Highway Patrol Trooper responded to a reckless driving report on Interstate-90 near the Interstate-94 interchange in the City of Billings, Montana. The citizen report included a vehicle description, license plate number, and reported that the driver was speeding, nearly lost control, and had used the authorized-vehicles-only turnaround. -
The Constitutionality of Strict Liability in Sex Offender Registration Laws
THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF STRICT LIABILITY IN SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION LAWS ∗ CATHERINE L. CARPENTER INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 296 I. STATUTORY RAPE ............................................................................... 309 A. The Basics.................................................................................... 309 B. But the Victim Lied and Why it Is Irrelevant: Examining Strict Liability in Statutory Rape........................................................... 315 C. The Impact of Lawrence v. Texas on Strict Liability................... 321 II. A PRIMER ON SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION LAWS AND THE STRICT LIABILITY OFFENDER.............................................................. 324 A. A Historical Perspective.............................................................. 324 B. Classification Schemes ................................................................ 328 C. Registration Requirements .......................................................... 331 D. Community Notification Under Megan’s Law............................. 336 III. CHALLENGING THE INCLUSION OF STRICT LIABILITY STATUTORY RAPE IN SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION.............................................. 338 A. General Principles of Constitutionality Affecting Sex Offender Registration Laws........................................................................ 323 1. The Mendoza-Martinez Factors............................................. 338 2. Regulation or -
A Study of the Sex Offender Sentencing, Registration, and Management System Connecticut Sentencing Commission
2017 A Study of the Sex Offender Sentencing, Registration, and Management System Connecticut Sentencing Commission A Study of the Sex Offender Sentencing, Registration, and Management System Connecticut Sentencing Commission Report to the Judiciary Committee of the Connecticut General Assembly, pursuant to Special Act 15-2, § 1 Submitted: December 2017 Alex Tsarkov Executive Director Mary M. Janicki Renee LaMark Muir Meghan B. Peterson Gustaf Marks-Hamilton Richard A. Bensics 185 Main Street, Room 212 New Britain, Connecticut 06051 Tel: 860-832-1852 Fax: 860-832-0071 http://www.ct.gov/ctsc TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements…..1 Connecticut Sentencing Commission Members…..2 Executive Summary…..3 I. Recommendations…..5 A. Registry Proposal…..5 1. Current Law 2. Prospective Changes to the Registry 3. Retroactive Changes to the Registry 4. Further Details B. Additional Recommendations…..12 II. Overview…..15 A. Legislation Requiring This Study…..15 B. Subcommittees…..16 C. Activity of the Special Committee on Sex Offenders and Its Subcommittees…..18 1. Meetings and Public Hearing 2. Outreach III. Risk Assessment-Based Systems…..21 IV. Data Analysis…..24 V. Sex Offender Registry…..58 A. Background on Sex Offender Registry Legislation…..58 1. Connecticut a. Background b. Current Connecticut Law on the Registration of Sexual Offenders (Chapter 969 of the Connecticut General Statutes) c. Major Changes in Development of Connecticut’s Law 2. Federal Law a. Jacob Wetterling Crimes Against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act b. Megan’s Law c. Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 d. Connecticut’s Compliance with Federal Law (SORNA) 3. Other States’ Laws i B. -
A Law of Passion, Not of Principle, Nor Even Purpose: a Call to Repeal Or Revise the Adam Walsh Act Amendments to the Bail Reform Act of 1984 Michael R
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 101 | Issue 1 Article 6 Winter 2011 A Law of Passion, Not of Principle, Nor Even Purpose: A Call to Repeal or Revise the Adam Walsh Act Amendments to the Bail Reform Act of 1984 Michael R. Handler Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons Recommended Citation Michael R. Handler, A Law of Passion, Not of Principle, Nor Even Purpose: A Call to Repeal or Revise the Adam Walsh Act Amendments to the Bail Reform Act of 1984, 101 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 279 (2013). https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc/vol101/iss1/6 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. 0091-4169/11/10101-0279 THE JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL LAW & CRIMINOLOGY Vol. 101, No. 1 Copyright © 2011 by Northwestern University School of Law Printed in U.S.A. COMMENTS A LAW OF PASSION, NOT OF PRINCIPLE, NOR EVEN PURPOSE: A CALL TO REPEAL OR REVISE THE ADAM WALSH ACT AMENDMENTS TO THE BAIL REFORM ACT OF 1984 Michael R. Handler* The Bail Reform Act of 1984 lays out the rules and procedures for federal pretrial release and detention. In 2006, as part of the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, Congress amended the Bail Reform Act. Before the Adam Walsh Act Amendments (AWA Amendments) were passed, a judicial officer decided whether to release a defendant, whether to impose pretrial release conditions, and what pretrial release conditions to impose on a case-by-case basis. -
Sex Offender Registration and Notification in the United States
Sex Offender Registration and Notification in the United States Current Case Law and Issues March 2018 Sex Offender Registration and Notification in the United States: Current Case Law and Issues March 2018 Contents I. Overview of U.S. Sex Offender Registration ......................................................................... 1 Registration is a Local Activity ................................................................................................. 1 Federal Minimum Standards ................................................................................................... 1 National Sex Offender Public Website ..................................................................................... 1 Federal Law Enforcement Databases ...................................................................................... 2 Federal Corrections ................................................................................................................. 3 Federal Law Enforcement and Investigations......................................................................... 3 II. Who Is Required to Register? .......................................................................................... 3 ‘Sex Offenders’ ......................................................................................................................... 4 Kidnapping .............................................................................................................................. 4 ‘Catch-All’ Provisions ............................................................................................................. -
Supreme Court of the United States ______
No. ________ IN THE Supreme Court of the United States ____________ TIM MOOSE, Petitioner, v. WILLIAM SCOTT MACDONALD, Respondent. ____________ On Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit ____________ PETITION FOR A WRIT OF CERTIORARI ____________ KENNETH T. CUCCINELLI, II PATRICIA L. WEST Attorney General of Virginia Chief Deputy Attorney General E. DUNCAN GETCHELL, JR. WESLEY G. RUSSELL, JR. Solicitor General of Virginia Deputy Attorney General [email protected] [email protected] Counsel of Record OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL MICHAEL H. BRADY 900 East Main Street Assistant Solicitor General Richmond, Virginia 23219 [email protected] Telephone: (804) 786-7240 Facsimile: (804) 371-0200 Counsel for the Petitioner June 25, 2013 i QUESTION PRESENTED In 2003, this Court took up the question “[w]hether Petitioners’ criminal convictions for adult consensual sexual intimacy in the home violate their vital interests in liberty and privacy protected by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment,” in the context of a challenge to a Texas statute that prohibited “‘deviate sexual intercourse with another individual of the same sex.’” Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558, 563-64 (2003) (quoting Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 21.06(a) (2003)). This Court answered that question in the affirmative, but stressed what it was not deciding. Id. at 578. “The present case does not involve minors. It does not involve persons who might be injured or coerced or who are situated in relationships where consent might not easily be refused. It does not involve public conduct or prostitution. -
Quality of the Administrative Office of the Courts' Disposition And
New Mexico Statistical Analysis Center Quality of the Administrative Office of the Courts’ Disposition and Sentencing Data Prepared by: Kristine Denman Callie Dorsey Formatting and editing support: Ashleigh Maus Graham White Research support: Mariah Simplicio Joel Robinson Vaughn Fortier Shultz Drew Medaris Elizabeth Sabbath Jenna Dole February 2020 This project was supported by Grant # 2017-BJ-CX-K018 from the State Justice Statistics program. The State Justice Statistics program is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Office for Victims of Crime. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not represent the official position or policies of the United States Department of Justice. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the Administrative Office of the Courts for their willingness to provide these data to us and for their participation in this project. We would also like to thank the New Mexico Sentencing Commission (NMSC) who stores copies of the data used in this report, and provided the data directly to us. Both Linda Freeman, Executive Director for the NMSC, and Dr. Noah Painter-Davis provided valuable comments as we drafted this report. We appreciate their feedback. Finally, we would like to thank the Bureau of Justice Statistics for providing the funding for this study through their State Justice Statistics Program. i Executive Summary Introduction The Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) is the principal source for criminal case disposition and sentencing information in New Mexico. -
2009-024, STATE of NEW HAMPSHIRE V. ELIZABETH FLOOD
NOTICE: This opinion is subject to motions for rehearing under Rule 22 as well as formal revision before publication in the New Hampshire Reports. Readers are requested to notify the Reporter, Supreme Court of New Hampshire, One Charles Doe Drive, Concord, New Hampshire 03301, of any editorial errors in order that corrections may be made before the opinion goes to press. Errors may be reported by E-mail at the following address: [email protected]. Opinions are available on the Internet by 9:00 a.m. on the morning of their release. The direct address of the court's home page is: http://www.courts.state.nh.us/supreme. THE SUPREME COURT OF NEW HAMPSHIRE ___________________________ Hillsborough-northern judicial district No. 2009-024 THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE v. ELIZABETH FLOOD Argued: September 23, 2009 Opinion Issued: October 30, 2009 Kelly A. Ayotte, attorney general (Nicholas Cort, assistant attorney general, on the brief and orally), for the State. David M. Rothstein, deputy chief appellate defender, of Concord, on the brief and orally, for the defendant. HICKS, J. The defendant, Elizabeth Flood, appeals a ruling of the Superior Court (Abramson, J.) denying her motion to continue a hearing to impose a suspended sentence until after the disposition of collateral criminal proceedings. We affirm. The record supports the following. In May 2007, the defendant pled guilty to the misdemeanor of operating after suspension, RSA 263:64 (Supp. 2007) (amended 2008). The trial court sentenced the defendant to ninety days in the house of corrections, deferred for one year conditioned upon her good behavior.