Gender and Sexuality in Pre-Modern China: Bibliography of Materials in Western Languages

Paul R. Goldin

May 2, 2013 (ca. 1,100 entries)

Adamek, Wendi (2003). “Inscriptions for Nuns at Lingquan Temple, Bao Shan.” In Deng et al. (2003), I, 493-518.

Ahern, Emily M. (1975). “The Power and Pollution of Chinese Women.” In Wolf and Witke (1975), 193-214.

Aijmer, Göran (2010). “Cold Food, Fire and Ancestral Production: Mid-Spring Celebrations in Central China.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 20.3: 319-44.

Allen, Sarah M. (2006). “Tales Retold: Narrative Variation in a Tang Story.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 66.1: 105-43.

Alley, Rewi, tr. (1963). The Eighteen Laments . Beijing: New World.

Altenburger, Roland (2005). “Is It Clothes That Make the Man? Cross-Dressing, Gender, and Sex in Pre-Twentieth-Century Zhu Yingtai Lore.” Asian Folklore Studies 64.2: 165- 205.

Altenburger, Roland (2009). The Sword or the Needle: The Female Knight-Errant (xia ) in Traditional Chinese Narrative . Welten Ostasiens 15. Bern: Peter Lang.

Ames, Roger T. (1981). “Taoism and the Androgynous Ideal.” In Guisso and Johannesen (1981), 21-45.

Anderson, Mary M. (1990). Hidden Power: The Palace Eunuchs of Imperial China . Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus.

Ayscough, Florence (1937). Chinese Women, Yesterday & To-Day . Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Baker, Hugh D.R. (1979). Chinese Family and Kinship . New York: Columbia University Press.

Bao, Xiaolan (1990). “Integrating Women into Chinese History: Reflections on Historical Scholarship on Women in China.” Chinese Historians 3.2: 3-20.

Baptandier, Brigitte (2008). The Lady of Linshui: A Chinese Female Cult . Tr. Kristin Ingrid Fryklund. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

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Baptandier, Brigitte (2012). “Du meurtre symbolique du père et de l’aspect insaisissable du présent.” Extrême-Orient, Extrême-Occident (hors-série): 277-311.

Barbieri-Low, Anthony J. (2011). “Craftsman’s Literacy: Uses of Writing by Male and Female Artisans in Qin and Han China.” In Li and Branner (2011), 370-99.

Barnes, Nancy Schuster (1985). “Striking a Balance: Women and Images of Women in Early Chinese Buddhism.” Women, Religion, and Social Change . Ed. Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and Ellison Banks Findly. Albany: State University of New York Press. 87-111.

Barr, Allan (1989). “Disarming Intruders: Alien Women in Liaozhai zhiyi .” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 49: 501-18.

Barrett, T.H. (2008). The Woman Who Discovered Printing . New Haven and London: Yale University Press.

Benard, Elisabeth (2000). “Transformations of Wen Cheng Kongjo: The Tang Princess, Tibetan Queen, and Buddhist Goddess Tara.” In Benard and Moon (2000), 149-64.

Benard, Elisabeth, and Beverly Moon, eds. (2000). Goddesses Who Rule . Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Berg, Daria (2002). Carnival in China: A Reading of the Xingshi yinyuan zhuan. China Studies 1. Leiden: Brill.

Berg, Daria (2004). “Der Kult um die Unsterbliche Tanyangzi: Biographie als Bestseller im China der späten Kaiserzeit.” In Kralle and Schilling (2004), 310.

Berg, Daria (2007a). “Female Self-Fashioning in Late Imperial China: How the Gentlewoman and the Courtesan Edited Her Story and Rewrote Hi/s tory.” In Berg, ed. (2007), 238-89.

Berg, Daria (2007b). “Negotiating Gentility: The Banana Garden Poetry Club in Seventeenth-Century China.” In Berg and Starr (2007), 73-93.

Berg, Daria, ed. (2007). Reading China: Fiction, History and the Dynamics of Discourse: Essays in Honour of Professor Glen Dudbridge . China Studies 10. Leiden and Boston.

Berg, Daria, and Chloë Starr, eds. (2007). The Quest for Gentility in China: Negotiations beyond Gender and Class . Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. London and New York.

Bernhardt, Kathryn (1995). “The Inheritance Rights of Daughters: The Song Anomaly?” Modern China 21.3: 269-309.

Bernhardt, Kathryn (1996). “A Ming-Qing Transition in Chinese Women’s History?

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The Perspective from Law.” In Hershatter et al . (1996), 42-58.

Bernhardt, Kathryn (1999). Women and Property in China, 960-1949 . Law, Society, and Culture in China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Berthier, Brigitte (1988). La Dame-du-bord-de-l’eau . Recherches sur la Haute Asie 8. Nanterre: Société d’ethnologie.

Bertholet, Ferdinand M. (2003). Gardens of Pleasure: Eroticism and Art in China . Munich and New York: Prestel.

Besio, Kimberly (1994). “In a Woman’s Voice: Portrayals of Heroism in Two zaju on Three Kingdoms Themes.” Ming Studies 32: 7-19.

Besio, Kimberly (2007). “A Friendship of Metal and Stone: Representations of Fan Juqing and Zhang Yuanbo in the Ming Dynasty.” Nan Nü 9.1: 111-45.

Beurdeley, Michel, ed. (1969). Chinese Erotic Art . Tr. Diana Imber. Secaucus, N.J.: Chartwell.

Birdwhistell, Joanne D. (2007). Mencius and Masculinities: Dynamics of Power, Morality, and Maternal Thinking . SUNY Series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture. Albany.

Birge, Bettine (1989). “Chu Hsi and Women’s Education.” Neo-Confucian Education: The Formative Stage . Ed. Wm. Theodore de Bary and John W. Chaffee. Studies on China 9. Berkeley: University of California Press. 325-67.

Birge, Bettine (1995). “Levirate Marriage and the Revival of Widow Chastity in Yüan China.” Asia Major (third series) 8.2: 107-46.

Birge, Bettine (2002). Women, Property and Confucian Reaction in Sung and Yüan China . Cambridge Studies in Chinese History, Literature and Institutions.

Birge, Bettine (2003). “Women and Confucianism from Song to Ming: The Institutionalization of Patrilineality.” The Song-Yuan-Ming Transition in Chinese History . Ed. Paul Jakov Smith and Richard von Glahn. Harvard East Asian Monographs 221. Cambridge, Mass. 212-40.

Birrell, Anne M. (1985). “The Dusty Mirror: Courtly Portraits of Woman in Southern Dynasties Love Poetry.” In Hegel and Hessney (1985), 33-69.

Birrell, Anne [M.] (1995). “In the Voice of Women: Chinese Love Poetry in the Early Middle Ages.” Women, the Book, and the Godly: Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda’s Conference, 1993 . Ed. Lesley Smith and Jane H.M. Taylor. Woodbridge, U.K., and Rochester, N.Y.: D.S. Brewer. II, 49-59.

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Birrell, Anne [M.] (2002). “Gendered Power: A Discourse on Female-Gendered Myth in the Classic of Mountains and Seas .” Sino-Platonic Papers 120.

Birrell, Anne [M.] (2004). Games Poets Play: Readings in Medieval Chinese Poetry . Cambridge: McGuiness China Monographs.

Bischoff, Friedrich A. (2002). “Sex Tricks of Chinese Fox-Fiends.” In Walravens (2002), II, 1-6.

Bisetto, Barbara (2005). “La tradizione biografica femminile in epoca Ming: Il caso di Tang Guimei.” In Scarpari and Lippiello (2005). 133-44.

Bisetto, Barbara (2006). “Perceiving Death: The Representation of Suicide in Ming Vernacular Literature.” In Santangelo and Middendorf, eds. (2006), 151-63.

Bisetto Barbara (2010). “Memorie di mondi amorosi: Raccolta letteraria ed enciclopedismo nel Qingshi leilüe .” La Cina e il Mondo: Atti dell’XI Convegno dell’Associazione Italiana Studi Cinesi . Ed. Paolo De Troia. Roma: Edizione Nuova Cultura. 519-30.

Bisetto, Barbara (2011), “Emotions and Narrative: Depictions of Love in the Yuan Novella Jiao Hong ji and Its Abridged Version in the Ming Anthology Qingshi leilüe .” Ming Qing Studies : 545-69.

Bisetto, Barbara (2012a). “The Composition of Qing shi (The History of Love) in Late Ming Book Culture.” Asiatische Studien 66.4: 915-42.

Bisetto, Barbara (2012b). “Fragments of qing 情: The Qingshi leilüe 情史類略 and the Literary Categorization of ‘Love’ in 17th Century China.” In Tamburello (2012). [Not seen.]

Bisetto, Barbara (2012c). “Sull’utilita e il danno del suicidio femminile in epoca Ming: Morale e intrattenimento nella novellistica huaben .” In Stafutti and Sabattini (2012), 93- 119.

Black, Alison H. (1986). “Gender and Cosmology in Chinese Correlative Thinking.” Gender and Religion: On the Complexity of Symbols . Ed. Caroline Walker Bynum et al . Boston: Beacon. 166-95.

Blake, C. Fred (1978). “Death and Abuse in Marriage Laments: The Curse of Chinese Brides.” Asian Folklore Studies 37:13-33.

Blake, C. Fred (1994). “Footbinding in Neo-Confucian China and the Appropriation of Female Labor.” Signs 19.3: 676-712.

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Blanchard, Lara C.W. (2007). “A Scholar in the Company of Female Entertainers: Changing Notions of Integrity in Song to Ming Dynasty Painting.” Nan Nü 9.2: 189-246.

Bokenkamp, Stephen R. (1998). “A Medieval Feminist Critique of the Chinese World Order: The Case of Wu Zhao (r. 690-705).” Religion 28.4: 383-92.

Boltz, Judith Magee (1986). “In Homage to T’ien-fei.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 106.1: 211-32.

Boltz, Judith [Magee] (2009). “On the Legacy of Zigu and a Manual on Spirit-Writing in Her Name.” The People and the Dao: New Studies in Chinese Religions in Honour of Daniel L. Overmyer . Ed. Philip Clart and Paul Crowe. Monumenta Serica Monograph Series 60. Sankt Augustin. [Not seen.]

Boretti, Valentina (2004). “The Quasi-Genderless Heresy: The Dhutaists and Master Jizhao.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 67.3: 349-68.

Bossler, Beverly (1997). “Women’s Literacy in Song China: Preliminary Inquiries.” Qingzhu Deng Guangming jiaoshou jiushi huadan lunwenji 慶祝鄧廣銘敎授九十華誕 論文集 . Shijiazhuang: Hebei jiaoyu. 322-52.

Bossler, Beverly (1998). Powerful Relations: Kinship, Status, and the State in Sung China (960-1279) . Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series 43. Cambridge, Mass.

Bossler, Beverly (2000). “‘A Daughter Is a Daughter All Her Life’: Affinal Relations and Women’s Networks in Song and Late Imperial China.” Late Imperial China 21.1: 77-106.

Bossler, Beverly (2002). “Shifting Identities: Courtesans and Literati in Song China.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 62.1: 5-39.

Bossler, Beverly (2004). “Gender and Empire: A View from Yuan China.” Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 34.1: 197-223.

Bossler, Beverly (2008). “Gender and Entertainment at the Song Court.” In Walthall (2008), 261-79.

Bossler, Beverly (2011). “Fantasies of Fidelity: Loyal Courtesans to Faithful Wives.” In Judge and Hu (2011), 158-74.

Bossler, Beverly (2013). Courtesans, Concubines, and the Cult of Female Fidelity . Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series 83. Cambridge, Mass.

Brandauer, Frederick (1977). “Women in the Ching-hua Yuan : Emancipation toward a Confucian Ideal.” Journal of Asian Studies 36.1: 647-60.

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Bray, Francesca (1995a). “A Deathly Disorder: Understanding Women’s Health in Late Imperial China.” Knowledge and the Scholarly Medical Traditions . Ed. Don Bates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 235-50.

Bray, Francesca (1995b). “Textile Production and Gender Roles in China, 1000-1700.” Chinese Science 12: 115-37.

Bray, Francesca (1997). Technology and Gender: Fabrics of Power in Late Imperial China . Berkeley: University of California Press.

Bray, Francesca (2005). “The Inner Quarters: Oppression or Freedom?” In Knapp and Lo (2005), 259-79.

Bray, Francesca (2009). “Becoming a Mother in Late Imperial China: Maternal Doubles and the Ambiguities of Fertility.” Chinese Kinship: Contemporary Anthropological Perspectives . Ed. Susanne Brandtstädter and Gonçalo D. Santos. Routledge Contemporary China Series 33. London and New York. 181-203.

Brown, Miranda (2003). “Sons and Mothers in Warring States and Han China, 453 BCE- 220 CE.” Nan Nü 5.2: 137-69.

Brown, Miranda, and Rafe de Crespigny (2009). “Adoption in Han China.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 52.2: 229-66.

Brownell, Susan, and Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom, eds. (2002). Chinese Femininities, Chinese Masculinities: A Reader . Berkeley: University of California Press.

Bumbacher, Stephan Peter (1998). “Abschied von Heim und Herd: Die Frau im mittelalterlichen Daoismus und Buddhismus.” Asiatische Studien 52.3: 673-94.

Bussotti, Michela (2004). “La ‘Nouvelle édition des anciennes biographies des femmes exemplaires’: Notes de lecture sur une édition illustrée du XIXe siècle.” Journal Asiatique 292.1-2: 223-78.

Buxbaum, David C., ed. (1978). Chinese Family Law and Social Change in Historical and Comparative Perspective . Asian Law Series 3. Seattle: University of Washington.

Cabezón, José Ignacio (1992). Buddhism, Sexuality, and Gender . Albany: SUNY.

Cahill, James (1990). “The Paintings of Liu Yin.” In Weidner, ed. (1990), 103-21.

Cahill, James (1996). “The Three Zhangs, Yangzhou Beauties, and the Manchu Court.” Orientations (October): 59-68.

Cahill, James (1998). “Where Did the Nymph Hang?” Kaikodo Journal 7: 8-16.

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Cahill, James (1999). “The Emperor’s Erotica.” Kaikodo Journal 11: 24-43.

Cahill, James (2006). “Paintings Done for Women in Ming-Qing China?” Nan Nü 8.1: 1-54.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1985). “Sex and the Supernatural in Medieval China: Cantos on the Transcendent Who Presides over the River.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 105: 197-220.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1986). “Performers and Female Taoist Adepts: Hsi Wang Mu as Patron Deity of Women in T’ang China.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 106: 155-68.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1990). “Practice Makes Perfect: Paths to Transcendence for Women in Medieval China.” Taoist Resources 2.2: 23-42.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1992a). “Sublimation in Medieval China: The Case of the Mysterious Women of the Nine Heavens.” Journal of Chinese Religions 20: 91-102.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1992b). “Marriages Made in Heaven.” T’ang Studies 10-11: 111- 22.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1993). Transcendence and Divine Passion: The Queen Mother of the West in Medieval China . Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (1999). “Smell Good and Get a Job: How Daoist Women Saints Were Verified and Legitimatized during the Tang Dynasty.” In Mou, ed. (1999), 171-86.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (2000a). “The Goddess, the Emperor, and the Adept: The Queen Mother of the West as Bestower of Legitimacy and Immortality.” In Benard and Moon (2000), 197-214.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (2000b). “Pien Tung-hsüan: A Taoist Woman Saint of the T’ang Dynasty (618-907).” In Sharma (2000), 205-20.

Cahill, Suzanne [E.] (2002). “Material Culture and the Dao: Textiles, Boats, and Zithers in the Poetry of Yu Xuanji (844-868).” Daoist Identity: History, Lineage, Ritual . Ed. Livia Kohn and Harold D. Roth. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 102-26.

Cahill, Suzanne E. (2003). “Discipline and Transformation: Body and Practice in the Lives of Daoist Holy Women of Tang China.” In Ko et al . (2003), 251-78.

Cai Junsheng (1995). “Myth and Reality: The Projection of Gender Relations in Prehistoric Times.” In Min (1995), 34-90.

Campany, Robert F. (1993). “The Real Presence.” History of Religions 32.3: 233-72.

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[On Guanyin.]

Carletti, S.M., et al ., eds. (1996). Studi in onore di Lionello Lanciotti . 3 vols. Instituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di Studi Asiatici, Series minor 51. Naples.

Carlitz, Katherine (1986). The Rhetoric of Chin P’ing Mei. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Carlitz, Katherine (1991). “The Social Uses of Female Virtue in Late Ming Editions of Lienü zhuan .” Late Imperial China 12.2: 117-52.

Carlitz, Katherine (1994). “Desire, Danger, and the Body: Stories of Women’s Virtue in Late Ming China.” In Gilmartin et al . (1994), 101-24.

Carlitz, Katherine (1997a). “Desire and Writing in the Late Ming Play Parrot Island .” In Widmer and Chang (1997), 101-30.

Carlitz, Katherine (1997b). “Shrines, Governing-Class Identity, and the Cult of Widow Fidelity in Mid-Ming Jiangnan.” Journal of Asian Studies 56.3: 612-40.

Carlitz, Katherine (2001). “The Daughter, the Singing-Girl, and the Seduction of Suicide.” Nan Nü 3.1: 22-46.

Carlitz, Katherine (2006). “Weeping, Blushing, and Giving Way to Desire in Ming Dynasty Fiction and Drama.” In Santangelo and Middendorf, eds. (2006), 229-48.

Carlitz, Katherine (2007). “Meng Chengshun Leaves Passion Behind: Three Plays (1620-1660).” In Santangelo, ed. (2007), 25-45.

Carlitz, Katherine (2009). “Passion and Chastity: Meng Chengshun and the Fall of the Ming.” In Van Crevel et al . (2009), 193-210.

Carlitz, Katherine (2011). “Lovers, Talkers, Monsters, and Good Women: Competing Images in Mid-Ming Epitaphs and Fiction.” In Judge and Hu (2011), 175-92.

Carter, Martha L. (2006). “China and the Mysterious Occident: The Queen Mother of the West and Nan ā.” Rivista degli studi orientali 79: 97-129.

Cass, Victoria B. (1986). “Female Healers in the Ming and the Lodge of Ritual and Ceremony.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 106.1: 233-40.

Cass, Victoria [B.] (1999). Dangerous Women: Warriors, Grannies, and Geishas of the Ming . Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield.

Cawthorne, Nigel (2007). Daughter of Heaven: The True Story of the Only Woman to Become Emperor of China . Oxford: Oneworld.

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Chaffee, John W. (1991). “The Marriage of Sung Imperial Clanswomen.” In Watson and Ebrey (1991), 133-69.

Chamberlayne, John H. (1962). “The Development of Kuan Yin: Chinese Goddess of Mercy.” Numen 9.1: 45-52.

Chan, Alan (1990). “Goddesses in Chinese Religion.” Goddesses in Religions and Modern Debate . Ed. Larry W. Hurtado. Atlanta: Scholars. 9-81.

Chan, Alan, and Sor-Hoon Tan, eds. (2004). Filial Piety in Chinese Thought and History . London: Routledge Curzon.

Chan, Sin Yee (2000). “Gender and Relationship Roles in the Analects and the Mencius .” Asian Philosophy 10.2: 115-32.

Chan Sin Yee (2003). “The Confucian Conception of Gender in the Twenty-First Century.” Confucianism for the Modern World . Ed. Daniel A. Bell and Hahm Chaibong. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 312-33.

Chang Cheng-lang (1986). “A Brief Discussion of Fu Tzu.” Studies of Shang Archaeology: Selected Papers from the International Conference on Shang Civilization . Ed. K.C. Chang. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 103-19.

Chang, Kang-i Sun (1991). The Late Ming Poet Ch’en Tzu-lung: Crises of Love and Loyalism . New Haven: Yale University Press.

Chang, Kang-i Sun (1994). “Liu Shih and Hsü Ts’an: Feminine or Feminist?” In Yu, ed. (1994), 169-87.

Chang, Kang-i Sun (1997a). “Ming and Qing Anthologies of Women’s Poetry and Their Selection Strategies.” In Widmer and Chang (1997), 147-70.

Chang, Kang-i Sun (1997b). “Ming-Qing Women Poets and the Notions of ‘Talent’ and ‘Morality.’” Culture and State in Chinese History: Conventions, Accommodations, Critiques . Ed. Theodore Huters et al . Irvine Studies in the Humanities. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 236-58.

Chang, Kang-i Sun, and Haun Saussy, eds. (1999). Women Writers of Traditional China: An Anthology of Poetry and Criticism . Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Chao, Shin-yi (2008). “Good Career Moves: Life Stories of Daoist Nuns of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries.” Nan Nü 10.1: 121-51.

Chen, Ellen Marie (1969). “Nothingness and the Mother Principle in Early Chinese Taoism.” International Philosophical Quarterly 9.3: 391-405.

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Chen, Ellen Marie (1974). “Tao as the Great Mother and the Influence of Motherly Love in the Shaping of Chinese Philosophy.” History of Religions 14.1: 51-64.

Chen, Fan Pen Li (2007). Chinese Shadow Theatre: History, Popular Religion, and Women Warriors . Montreal and Ithaca: McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Ch’en Hsiao-lan and F.W. Mote (2002). “Yang Shen and Huang O: Husband and Wife as Lovers, Poets, and Historical Figures.” Excursions in Chinese Culture: Festschrift in Honor of William R. Schultz . Ed. Marie Chan et al . Hong Kong: Chinese University Press. 1-32.

Chen, Jinhua (2002). “Family Ties and Buddhist Nuns in Tang China: Two Studies.” Asia Major (third series) 15.2.

Chen, Jinhua (2006). “A Daoist Princess and a Buddhist Temple: A New Theory on the Causes of the Canon-Delivering Mission Originally Proposed by Princess Jinxian (689- 732) in 730.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 69.2: 267-92.

Chen Jo-shui (1994). “Empress Wu and Proto-Feminist Sentiments in T’ang China.” Imperial Rulership and Cultural Change in Traditional China . Ed. Frederick P. Brandauer and Chun-chieh Huang. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press. 77-116.

Chen Ming (2005). “Zhuan nü wei nan 轉女為男 Turning Female to Male: An Indian Influence on Chinese Gynaecology?” Asian Medicine 1.2: 315-34.

Chen, Sanping (2012). Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages . Encounters with Asia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. [Contains a chapter on Mulan.]

Chen Yunü (2008). “Buddhism and the Medical Treatment of Women in the Ming Dynasty: A Research Note.” Nan Nü 10.2: 279-303.

Chen, Yu-shih (1996). “The Historical Template of Pan Chao’s Nü Chieh .” T’oung Pao 82: 229-57.

Cheng, Lucie, et al ., eds. (1984). Women in China: Bibliography of Available English Language Materials . Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California.

Cheng, Weikun (2007). “In Search of Leisure: Women’s Festivities in Late Imperial Beijing.” Chinese Historical Review 14.1: 1-28.

Cheng, Wou-Chan (1963). Érotologie de la Chine: Tradition chinoise de l’érotisme . Tr. F. Albertini. Bibliothèque Internationale d’Érotologie 11. Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert.

Chia, Ning (1999). “Women in China’s Frontier Politics: Heqin .” In Mou, ed. (1999),

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39-75.

Chiang, Sing-chen Lydia (2005). Collecting the Self: Body and Identity in Strange Tale Collections of Late Imperial China . Sinica Leidensia 67. Leiden: Brill.

Chiao, Chien (1971). “Female Chastity in Chinese Culture.” Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology 31: 205-12.

Chin, Tamara (2006). “Orienting Mimesis: Marriage and the Book of Songs .” Representations 94: 53-79.

Ching, Julia (1994). “Sung Philosophers on Women.” Monumenta Serica 42: 259-74.

Chiu, Anderson (1995). “Changing Virtues? The Lienü of the Old and the New History of the Tang.” East Asia Forum 4: 28-62.

Chiu-Duke, Josephine (1995). “The Role of Confucian Revivalists in the Confucianization of T’ang Women.” Asia Major (third series) 8.1: 51-93.

Chiu-Duke, Josephine (2006). “Mothers and the Well-Being of the State in Tang China.” Nan Nü 8.1: 55-114.

Cho Kyo (2012). The Search for the Beautiful Woman: A Cultural History of Japanese and Chinese Beauty . Tr. Kyoko Selden. Asia/Pacific/Perspectives. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield.

Choo, Jessey J.C. (2012). “That ‘Fatty Lump’: Discourses on the Fetus, Fetal Development, and Filial Piety in China before the Eleventh Century CE.” Nan Nü : 14.2: 177-221.

Chou, Eric (1971). The Dragon and the Phoenix: The Book of Chinese Love and Sex . New York: Arbor House.

Chou, Hung-hsiang (1970-71). “Fu-X Ladies of the Shang Dynasty.” Monumenta Serica 29: 346-90.

Choy, Elsie (2000). Leaves of Prayer: The Life and Poetry of He Shuangqing, a Farmwife in Eighteenth-Century China . 2nd edition. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press.

Ch’ü, T’ung-tsu (1961). Law and Society in Traditional China . La Haye: Mouton.

Chung Ling (1985). “Li Qingzhao: The Moulding of Her Spirit and Personality.” In Gerstlacher et al . (1985), 141-64.

Chung, Priscilla Ching (1981a). Palace Women in the Northern Sung, 960-1126 . T’oung

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Pao: Monographie 12. Leiden: Brill.

Chung, Priscilla Ching (1981b). “Power and Prestige: Palace Women in the Northern Sung (960-1126).” In Guisso and Johannesen (1981), 99-112.

Clark, Kelly James, and Robin R. Wang (2004). “A Confucian Defense of Gender Equity.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 72.2: 395-422.

Clements, Jonathan (2007). Wu: The Chinese Empress Who Schemed, Seduced and Murdered Her Way to Become a Living God . Stroud, U.K.: Sutton.

Cole, Alan (1998). Mothers and Sons in Chinese Buddhism . Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Corradini, Piero (1980). “Il rapporto uomo-donna nella tradizione cinese.” In Lanciotti, ed. (1980), 45-53.

Crawford, William Bruce (1976). “‘The Oil Vendor and the Courtesan’ and the Ts’ai-tzu Chia-jen Novels.” In Nienhauser, ed. (1976), 31-42. de Crespigny, Rafe (1975). “The Harem of Emperor Huan: A Study of Court Politics in Later Han.” Papers on Far Eastern History 12: 1-42. van Crevel, Maghiel, et al. , eds. (2009). Text, Performance, and Gender in Chinese Literature and Music: Essays in Honor of Wilt Idema. Sinica Leidensia 92. Leiden and Boston: Brill.

Cryer, James, tr. (1984). Plum Blossom: Poems of Li Ch’ing-chao . Chapel Hill, N.C.: Carolina Wren.

Csete, Anne (2001). “The Li Mother Spirit and the Struggle for Hainan’s Land and Legend.” Late Imperial China 22.2: 91-119.

Cullen, Christopher (1993). “Patients and Healers in China: Evidence from the Jinpingmei .” History of Science 31: 99-150.

Cutter, Robert Joe (1992). “The Death of Empress Zhen: Fiction and Historiography in Early Medieval China.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 112: 577-83.

Cutter, Robert Joe, and William Gordon Crowell, trs. (1999). Empresses and Consorts: Selections from Chen Shou’s Records of the Three States with Pei Songzhi’s Commentary . Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Dauber, Dorothee (1999). “Zur Rekonstruktion der Biographie Li Qingzhaos (1084- 1155?).” In Übelhör (1999), 119-34.

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Dauncey, Sarah (2003). “Bonding, Benevolence, Barter, and Bribery: Images of Female Gift Exchange in the Jin ping mei.” Nan Nü 5.2: 203-39.

Dauncey, Sarah (2004). “Illusions of Grandeur: Perceptions of Status and Wealth in Late-Ming Female Clothing and Ornamentation.” East Asian History 25/26: 43-68.

Dauncey, Sarah (2007). “Sartorial Modesty and Genteel Ideals in the Late Ming.” In Berg and Starr (2007), 134-54.

David, Adrian (2000). “Fraternity and Fratricide in Late Imperial China.” American Historical Review 105.5: 1630-40.

Deng Xiaonan (1999). “Women in Turfan during the Sixth to Eighth Centuries: A Look at Their Activities Outside the Home.” Journal of Asian Studies 58.1: 85-103.

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