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DISCLAIMER This is a neutral and objective verbatim critical analysis of Feminist Frequency’s Tropes vs. Women in Video Games video series on YouTube. The purpose of this thesis is to show the accuracy of the facts and the strength of the arguments presented in the given video. The wording of the content presented in the video being critiqued has not been altered in any way, and is as originally intended. Conflicting evidence that has been released after the date of the given video (August 31, 2015) has not been included to debunk any arguments or facts presented, as that would be unfair. Sources and overall statistics are included at the end of this thesis. This is not a personal attack or libelous attempt towards Anita Sarkeesian, her team, her supporters, or feminism in general, nor is it condoned. Everyone has the right to voice their thoughts, opinions, and feelings on WOMEN AS REWARD any given subject matter, regardless of how true or popular it may be. Words, sentences, statements, or video footage EXAMPLE Statements that precede a green check with red outlines involve criticisms. Each one mark are factually correct and supported with All criticisms in this thesis about the video being critiqued are given will be debunked and explained in a separate evidence in the video and/or in the description. as fair, neutral, and objective as possible. Any criticisms or corrections section, following a solid red line. Writings Note that while a statement may be factually towards this presentation is both welcome and encouraged. However, I and criticisms that continue elsewhere are correct, it may also be biased or faulty informa- ask that it be constructive and respectful, without the use of any disre- followed by a dashed line. tion or contain logical fallacies. spectful, degrading, or objectionable comments and language. Thank you, EXAMPLE1,2,3 Any criticisms that have a numerical annotation EXAMPLE O Statements that precede a green O are ob- are backed up with the source(s) to the corre- jective. Note that while a statement may be sponding number(s). Click on the annotation objective, it may also be a research error or number to go to the source. contain logical fallacies. Brent Cherry THE CRITICISMS EXPLAINED The criticisms and recognitions in this presenta- for, interpret, prefer, or recall information in a previously introduced problem or argument has which a new or currently-existing term is given ing evidence to support a given argument or tion fall under 4 categories: Honesty, research, way that confirms one’s beliefs or hypotheses been resolved completely or in some major way. a specific meaning for the purposes of the statement. What separates these from dishon- logic, and objectivity. The following criticisms while giving less attention to information or OPINION: A personal view, attitude, or apprais- argument or discussion in a given context. est statements is that the integrity is not clear, are what is found in this specific analysis. The possibilities that can or does contradict such. al that is presented as fact. UNFALSIFIABILITY: A statement asserting that and could possibly be due to unawareness subcategories of each one follows afterward. CULTURAL BIAS: An interpretation and judg- OVERGENERALIZATION: A statement which is a theory or hypothesis is true or false even or assumptions. Either way, this is a great hin- ment of phenomena by standards inherent to too general to support a single, solid conclu- though the theory or hypothesis cannot possi- drance to the overall credibility towards being a LOGIC one’s own culture or societal standards. sion about the subject. bly be contradicted by an observation or the reliable source of information. A logical fallacy is incorrect argument in logic DISTINCTION WITHOUT A DIFFERENCE: An OVERSIMPLIFICATION: A statement that outcome of any physical experiment, usually and rhetoric which results in a lack of validity, or attempt to describe a distinction between two makes something seem simpler than it really is without strong evidence or good reasons. CHERRY-PICKING: Information that is gath- more generally, a lack of soundness. While a things where no difference exists. or could possibly be. ered and presented to support only the given fallacy may have multiple names and belong DOUBLE STANDARD: A set of principles that ap- RED HERRING: A distraction from the topic HONESTY argument or statement when conflicting in certain subcategories, such as formal and plies differently and sometimes more rigorously at hand by introducing a separate argument, Dishonesty occurs when a statement or evi- evidence exists. informal, with even more subcategories within to one group or circumstances than to another. idea, or fact in an attempt to make a correla- dence is intentionally given with only part or FACTUAL ERROR: Presented information that is those, the focus is to describe the properties of FALSE ANALOGY: A supposed similarity that is tion between that and the original topic. none of the whole truth. not factually correct. a specific one. used to prove or disprove an argument, but is REPETITION: Repeating an argument, state- too different to be effective. ment, or premise over and over again in place MISREPRESENTATION: Evidence that has been OBJECTIVITY AD HOMINEM: A dismissal or attack on an ar- FALSE CAUSALITY: A citation or conclusion that of better supporting evidence. altered and/or presented to intentionally give a Objective analyses are arguments and state- gument, individual, or subject presented based sequential events is clear evidence that the first SELF-CONTRADICTION: A statement that direct- false or misleading idea of the original material. ments that are fueled by solid facts and logic, on personal bias on the matter or a completely caused the second or more. ly or indirectly opposes a previous statement. MISSING CONTEXT: A statement or argument as opposed to personal belief or bias. This is the irrelevant point, rather than objectively or fairly INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT: An argument that SLIPPERY SLOPE: An assertion that some event that intentionally leaves out conflicting informa- absolute cornerstone to the overall credibility criticizing the argument or subject matter itself. is introduced without some sort of resolution or must inevitably follow from another without any tion in order to seem valid or true. towards being a reliable source of information. ASSUMPTION: A statement taken to be the conclusion. Also known as an enthymeme. rational argument or demonstrable mechanism case or to be true without verification or proof. MOVING THE GOALPOST: An argument in for the inevitability of the event in question. RESEARCH CORRECT FACT: Information that is factually CONFIRMATION BIAS: The tendency to search which a standard is arbitrarily changed once a STIPULATIVE DEFINITION: A type of definition in Research errors are mistakes made in gather- Continued on next page THE CRITICISMS (CONTINUED) correct and supported with evidence in the video and/or in the description. OBJECTIVE STATEMENT: Statements or argu- ments that do not stem from bias or personal belief on a certain subject matter. Samus Aran, who is covered head to toe in the now ASSUMPTION “Fantastic!” iconic cybernetic “power suit”. The game’s manual No evidence provided to support the claim that the cybernetic power suit Samus referred to the protagonist with male pronouns, and Aran wears is currently iconic. described his identity as “shrouded in mystery”. This episode comes with a content warning for game footage involving hypersexualized female characters and is not recommended for children. Metroid was notable as an early example of a game ASSUMPTION that employed multiple alternative endings, which No evidence provided to support the claim that Metroid (1987) was notable as an As always, remember that it is both possibleO and even could be unlocked based on the player’s gaming skill early example of a game that employed multiple alternative endings. OPINION necessary to be critical of the media we enjoy.O That’s and performance. What is considered to be “necessary” is subjective and debatable. going to be especially important to keep in mind, giv- en the video game franchise we are about to discuss… OPINION What is considered to be “especially important” is subjective and debatable. If the player is able to complete the game in under five hours, a short cutscene will play featuring the protagonist without their armored helmet, revealing that Samus Aran is, in fact, a woman. This was a significant ASSUMPTION x2 moment in gaming No evidence provided to support the claim that the revealing of Samus’ gender history, especially for as female was 1. a significant moment in gaming history or 2. significant for In 1987, Nintendo released a 2D action many female gaming female gaming fans. adventure game for their Nintendo fans because, at the ASSUMPTION Entertainment System, which departed time, nearly all protago- No evidence provided to support the claim that Metroid (1987) departed from from traditional video game conventions. nists were just assumed to traditional video game conventions. Metroid starred a bounty hunter named be male by default. ASSUMPTION x3 Remember, this was back before the internet, when No evidence provided to support the claim that 1. the secrets or 2. spoilers to you couldn’t just hop online to find out about all the Metroid (1987) were not accessible via the internet or 3. the ending was a genu- secrets and spoilers. So for many players, the ending ine surprise for many players. of Metroid came as a genuine surprise. FACTUAL ERROR While the internet was not available for public use until August 6th 1991, it was invented on September 2nd 1969, which was significantly earlier than the release of Metroid (1987).1,2 So yes, Samus wasn’t a damseled woman waiting at the end of the game as a trophy.