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Ngorongoro Conservation Area WHC Nomination Documentation File name: 39.pdf UNESCO Region AFRICA SITE NAME ("TITLE") Ngorongoro Conservation Area DATE OF INSCRIPTION ("SUBJECT") 26/10/1979 STATE PARTY ("AUTHOR") UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA CRITERIA ("KEY WORDS") N (ii)(iii)(iv) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: The Committee made no statement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION: A large permanent concentration of wild animals can be found in the huge and perfect crater of Ngorongoro. Nearby, the crater of Empakaai, filled by a deep lake, and the active volcano of Oldonyo Lenga can be seen. Excavations carried out in the Olduvai Gorge, not far from there, have resulted in the discovery of one of man's more distant ancestors, Homo habilis. 1.b. State, province or region: Arusha region 1.d Exact location: Long. 35°30' E ; Lat. 3°15' S The United Republic of Tanzania NGORONGORO CONSERVATION AREA (MIXED WORLD HERITAGE SITE) NOMINATION FILE FOR NGORONGORO CONSERVATION AREA TO BE SUBMITED TO UNESCO FEBRUARY, 2009 _____________________________________________________________________ The Nomination File for the Ngorongoro World Heritage Mixed Site Table of Contents List of Tables .............................................................................................................................ii List of Figures.......................................................................................................................... iii List of Plates .............................................................................................................................iv Executive Summary...................................................................................................................v 1. Identification of the Property.............................................................................................1 2. Description.........................................................................................................................4 2.1 Description of the Property........................................................................................4 2.2 History and Development ........................................................................................10 3. Justification for Inscription..............................................................................................20 3.1 Criteria under which inscription is proposed (and justification for inscription under these Criteria).......................................................................................................................20 3.2 Statement of Outstanding Universal Value..............................................................21 3.3 Comparative analysis (including state of conservation of similar properties).........23 3.4 Integrity/Authenticity...............................................................................................26 4. State of Conservation and Factors Affecting the Property ..........................................27 4.1 Present State of Conservation ..................................................................................27 4.2 Factors affecting the property ..................................................................................28 5. Protection and Management of the Property ......................................................................30 5.1 Ownership................................................................................................................30 5.2 Protective designation....................................................................................................31 5.3 Means of implementing protective measures ................................................................31 5.4 Existing plans related to municipality and region in which the proposed property is located ……………………………………………………………………………………..31 5.5 Property management plan or other management system ......................................31 5.6 Sources and levels of finance...................................................................................33 5.7 Sources of expertise and training in conservation and management techniques.....33 5.8 Visitor facilities and statistics ..............................................................................34 5.9 Policies and programmes related to the presentation and promotion of the property 35 5.10 Staffing Levels (Professional, Technical, Maintenance) .......................................35 6. Monitoring ..........................................................................................................................37 6.1 Key indicators for measuring state of conservation.................................................37 6.2 Administrative Arrangements for Monitoring Property ..........................................37 6.3 Results of Previous Reporting Exercises .................................................................38 7. Documentation....................................................................................................................39 8. Contact Information of Responsible Authority................................................................41 9. Signature of the State Party..........................................................................................41 APENDICES...............................................................................................................................i Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................ii The Nomination File for the Ngorongoro World Heritage Mixed Site i List of Tables Table 1: Visitors to the property .........................................................................................35 Table 2: Staffs Responsible for day to day Management of the Cultural Property ................36 Table 3: Summary of key monitoring indicators ....................................................................37 Table 4: Photographs, Slides,...................................................................................................39 The Nomination File for the Ngorongoro World Heritage Mixed Site ii List of Figures Figure No. 1: Map showing position of the Property in Tanzania and Position of Tanzania in Africa ……………………………….... 2 Figure No. 2: Map showing physical location of the property in Tanzania ………… 4 Figure No. 3: Map showing significant cultural heritage sites within NCA………… 5 Figure No. 4: Map showing major settlements within NCA is part………………… 7 The Nomination File for the Ngorongoro World Heritage Mixed Site iii List of Plates Plate 1: Maasai boys (Moranis). Note their nicely braided hair dyed with red ochre………..8 Plate 2: Maasai Ladies. Note the hair style in relation to that of men………………………..8 Plate 3: (1) A Maasai (male) traditional healer (laibon) and (2) A Maasai (female)…………9 Plate 4: A dance group of boys and young girls .....................................................................10 Plate 5: Olduvai Gorge showing part of the landscape and stratigraphy.................................11 Plate 6: Zinjanthropus boisei specimen ..................................................................................12 Plate 7: Demonstration on the manner Oldowan stone tools were made ................................12 Plate 8: Juvenile hand specimen (OH7)……………………………………………………..13 Plate 9: Juvenile foot specimen (OH 8) ..................................................................................13 Plate 10: Homo habilis cranium (OH 24) ................................................................................14 Plate 11: Various large mammals recovered from FLK Zinj site,...........................................15 Plate 12: Acheulian Stone tools from site TK, Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge .......................16 Plate 13: Middle Stone Age Artifacts ......................................................................................17 Plate 14: Laetoli site.................................................................................................................18 Plate 15: Human history as evidenced by the Olduvai ...........................................................22 Plate 16: Olduvai beds (stratigraphy)……………………………………………………... 21 Plate 17: Laetoli footprints-exposed. Note the portion infested by acacia tree trunks………28 Plate 18: Agriculture in and adjacent NCA………………………………………………….29 The Nomination File for the Ngorongoro World Heritage Mixed Site iv Executive Summary State Party United Republic of Tanzania State, Province or Region Ngorongoro District, Arusha Region Name of Property Ngorongoro Conservatio Area (NCA) Geographical Coordinates to S 2°30'- 3°30’ E 34°50'- 35°55' the nearest second Textual description of the NCA covers a total area of 829,229.71ha (8,292Sq.km). Lake boundary (ies) of the Eyasi Rift Valley Escarpment and the agricultural communities of nominated property Karatu and Mbulu districts border Ngorongoro on the South. Loliondo Game Controlled Area borders NCA to the north in the Ngorongoro District. The Sale Plains and Lake Natron basin border the area on the North-East and Serengeti National Park on the North and North-west. To the west Norongoro borders Maswa Game Reserve. A4 (or “letter”) size map of Figure 1 & 2 shows the location of NCA. Fig 4 settlements the nominated property, within the nominated property. Because NCA covers a big area showing boundaries and 829,229.71ha or 8,292sq.Km and the fact that it is surrounded by buffer zone (if present) other protected properties
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