DOCSLIB.ORG

The Right to Food: a Resource Manual for Ngos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Right to Food: a Resource Manual for Ngos The Right to Food: A Resource Manual for NGOs Written by Rolf Künnemann & Sandra Epal-Ratjen The Right to Food: A Resource Manual for NGOs Written by Rolf Künnemann and Sandra Epal-Ratjen FIAN International The printing and dissemination of this manual was facilitated and financially supported by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). Published by the AAAS Science and Human Rights Program 1200 New York Ave., NW Washington D.C. 20005 United States tel: +1 202 326 6790 fax: +1 202 289 4950 email: [email protected] http://shr.aaas.org The American Association for the Advancement of Science, “Triple A-S” (AAAS), is an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the world by serving as an educator, leader, spokesperson and professional association. In addition to organizing membership activities, AAAS publishes the journal Science, as well as many scientific newsletters, books and reports, and spearheads programs that raise the bar of understanding for science worldwide. Published by HURIDOCS 48, chemin du Grand-Montfleury CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland tel. 41.22.7555252 fax 41.22.7555260 e-mail : [email protected] http://www.huridocs.org/ HURIDOCS (Human Rights Information and Documentation Systems, International), established in 1982, is a global network of human rights organisations concerned with human rights information. HURIDOCS champions effective documentation and information handling, including the use of information and communication technologies, as a force to defend, assert and promote human rights. HURIDOCS Cataloguing in Publications Data TITLE: The Right to Food: A Resource Manual for NGOs PERSONAL AUTHOR: Künnemann, Rolf; Epal-Ratjen, Sandra PLACE OF PUBLICATION: Washington D.C. PUBLISHER: AAAS Science and Human Rights Program ; HURIDOCS ADDRESS: 1200 New York Ave., NW, Washington D.C. 20005, United States ELECTRONIC MAIL: [email protected] DATE OF PUBLICATION: 20041200 PAGES: 118 ISBN: 0-87168-701-1 LANGUAGE: ENG BIBLIOGRAPHIES: Y INDEX: Right to food / Food / Nutrition / NGOs FREE TEXT: This manual is part of a series on how non-governmental organisations can monitor particular economic, social and cultural rights. It offers a step-by-step introduction to the right to food as a human right. It provides concepts that can be applied for analysis and action, as well as numerous examples and case studies, many of them taken from the work of FIAN International, the human rights organisation for the right to feed oneself. The Manual provides readers with strategies to strengthen the human right to food; it also provides resources that can be used to work for its realisation. Table of Contents Acknowledgements . .i Foreward . .ii 0. Introduction . .1 0.1 Still Hungry After All These Years?. 1 0.2 The Northern Side of Malnutrition . 2 0.3 Still Free in One’s Own Country? Food and Economic Power . 2 0.4 The Manual on the Right to Food: An Overview of Its Purpose and Structure. 4 REFERENCES. 5 Chapter 1 Food: Between Obsession and Oppression . .6 1.1 Food Satisfies More than Hunger . 6 1.2 From Spicy Colonialism to Globalisation . 7 1.3 Hunger and Famine: Beyond Statistics . 9 1.4 What Needs to Be Done? . 11 REFERENCES. 12 Chapter 2 Putting vulnerable people first . .13 2.1 Vulnerability as a Result of Poverty . 13 2.1.1 Focus on the Poor . 13 2.1.2 Focus on the Landless. 14 2.1.3 Focus on the Unemployed . 14 2.2 Vulnerability as a Result of Poverty and Discrimination. 15 2.2.1 Focus on indigenous people . 15 2.2.2 Focus on Women . 15 2.2.3 Focus on Children . 16 2.2.4 Focus on the Elderly . 16 2.2.5 Focus on People with Disabilities. 16 REFERENCES. 17 Chapter 3 Enough is enough: Food-related oppression . .18 3.1 Destroying people’s access to food . 18 3.1.1 Destroying access to food producing resources . 18 3.1.2 Destroying Access to Food. 20 3.2 Excluding People from Access to Food. 21 3.2.1 Exclusion from Food-Producing Resources . 21 3.2.2 Excluding People from Access to Food . 22 Chapter 4 Understanding Basic Human Rights Concepts . .23 4.1 The Key Elements of Human Rights . 23 4.2 Cases for Human Rights? Revisiting the Cases from Chapter 3. 26 Chapter 5 Using International Law to Respect, Protect, and Fulfill the Right to Food . .30 5.1 A Short Introduction to International Law. 30 5.2 Why Is International Law Important for the Right to Food? . 32 5.3 The Human Right to Food in International Law. 33 5.4 Normative Content of the Right to Food . 36 5.4.1 Minimum Core Content . 36 5.4.2 What is Adequate Food? . 37 5.4.3 What Does Proper Access to Food Mean?. 38 5.5 The General Nature of Obligations under the ICESCR . 39 REFERENCES. 41 Chapter 6 Fighting Violations and Abuses . .42 6.1 Obligations to Respect and Protect Access to Adequate Food . 42 6.2 Examples of Breaches of the Obligations to Respect and/or Protect. 43 6.2.1 Destruction of People’s Food-Producing Resources by the Effects of Activities such as Predatory Mining, Oil Exploitation, Dam Construction or Industrial Fishing . 43 6.2.2 Theft of People's Food-Producing Resources through Forcible Eviction of Peasants, Fisherfolk, and Nomadic and Indigenous People from their Land, Fishing Grounds or Forests. 45 6.2.3 Destroying People´s Food-Producing Resources through Ecological Destruction . 46 6.2.4 Withholding Water, Reducing Biodiversity and Destroying Access to Other Essential Inputs . 46 6.2.5 Dumping food on a local market of vulnerable producers . 47 6.2.6 Destroying a Person's or a Community's Food Supplies . 48 6.2.7 Dismantling Social Programmes or Legislation which Ensured Access to Food . 49 REFERENCES. 63 Chapter 7 Finding Allies: Related Human Rights . .64 7.1 Indivisibility . 64 7.1.1 The concept of indivisibility . 64 7.1.2 Sixteen Human Rights Groups . 65 7.2 Relationship to Other Economic, Social and Cultural Rights . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Violation of Women Human Rights in India
    International Journal of Academic Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4197 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 www.academicsjournal.com Volume 2; Issue 5; September 2017; Page No. 817-822 Violation of women human rights in India Suman Resource Person, HIRD, Nillokheri, Karnal, Haryana, India Abstract We can seen that each day all over paper News, T V channels and Electronic devices aree presenting to the violation of Human Rights of Women in India. Human rights aree those minimum rights that are obligatorily accessible by each individual as she could be a member of human family. The constitution of India conjointly guarantees the equality of rights of men and Women. However, within the sphere of women’s human rights in India, there exists a good gap between theory and observe. In our society could be a male dominated society wherever men are continuously assumed to be superior to society. The India women’s need to face to discrimination, injustice and dishonor. The' women’s in India are given a lot of rights as compared to men, even then the condition of Women in India is miserable. This paper can throw lightweight on the human rights of Women in India. Which however all the elemental rights given to the Women aree being profaned in India, by that specialize in the varied crimes done against them. Keywords: human rights, violation, women human rights, crime against women Introduction phenomenon of Human Rights Violation is increasing day by “Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. day in India. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights and keep them.
    [Show full text]
  • RIGHT to FOOD RIGHT Pen It Hap Making Progress and Lessons Learned Lessons Learned Progress and Through Implementation
    RIGHT TO FOOD The publication Right to Food – Making it Happen brings together the practical experiences and lessons learned during the years 2006 to 2009 with the implementation of the right to food at country level, based on the Right to Food Guidelines. It offers a wealth of information on work done RIGHT TO FOOD in Brazil, Guatemala, India, Mozambique and Uganda, and also reflects the main issues raised and conclusions reached during the three days of sharing at the Right to Food Forum in 2008. Making it Happen Progress and Lessons Learned Mak through Implementation ing it Hap pen The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) would like to thank the Governments of Germany, Norway, Spain and the Netherlands for the financial support which made possible the development of this publication. ISBN 978-92-5-106890-8 FAO 9 789251 068908 I2250E/2/11.12 The DVD “3 Days of Sharing” contains a short feature with the highlights of the Right to Food Forum held at FAO from 1 to 3 October 2008, as well as extracts from interviews conducted with experts and practitioners. It thus allows a wide range of interested persons to take part in the debate and the exchange of experiences. You will find this audio visual report, as well as background documents of the Forum at www.fao.org/righttofood Graphic designers: Tomaso Lezzi and Daniela Verona The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2011 II Reprint 2013 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Compounding Injustice: India
    INDIA 350 Fifth Ave 34 th Floor New York, N.Y. 10118-3299 http://www.hrw.org (212) 290-4700 Vol. 15, No. 3 (C) – July 2003 Afsara, a Muslim woman in her forties, clutches a photo of family members killed in the February-March 2002 communal violence in Gujarat. Five of her close family members were murdered, including her daughter. Afsara’s two remaining children survived but suffered serious burn injuries. Afsara filed a complaint with the police but believes that the police released those that she identified, along with many others. Like thousands of others in Gujarat she has little faith in getting justice and has few resources with which to rebuild her life. ©2003 Smita Narula/Human Rights Watch COMPOUNDING INJUSTICE: THE GOVERNMENT’S FAILURE TO REDRESS MASSACRES IN GUJARAT 1630 Connecticut Ave, N.W., Suite 500 2nd Floor, 2-12 Pentonville Road 15 Rue Van Campenhout Washington, DC 20009 London N1 9HF, UK 1000 Brussels, Belgium TEL (202) 612-4321 TEL: (44 20) 7713 1995 TEL (32 2) 732-2009 FAX (202) 612-4333 FAX: (44 20) 7713 1800 FAX (32 2) 732-0471 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] July 2003 Vol. 15, No. 3 (C) COMPOUNDING INJUSTICE: The Government's Failure to Redress Massacres in Gujarat Table of Contents I. Summary............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Impunity for Attacks Against Muslims...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Protection of the Right to Social Security in European Constitutions
    International Labour Organization The protection of the right to Social Security in European Constitutions . Compendium of provisions of European Constitutions . Comparative tables Prepared by Lola Tonini Alabiso Online Edition, 2012 www.ilo.org/normes International Labour Standards Department International Labour Office Geneva Copyright © International Labour Organization 2012 First published 2012 (Online version) Disclaimer The International Labour Organization (ILO) welcomes the opportunity to promote its activities and publications to the public. Please be advised that the material contained on this Web site is for information only. The ILO endeavors to update the information on this site on a regular basis, but cannot guarantee its accuracy at all times. The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. Preservation of immunities Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or a waiver of the privileges and immunities of the International Labour Organization.
    [Show full text]
  • ANNEX I. OPENING SPEECHES at the RIGHT to FOOD FORUM / Gabriele © FAO Zanolli Right to Food Making It Happen 159
    Right to Food Making it Happen 157 ANNEX I. OPENING SPEECHES at THE Daniela Verona / .......... RIGHT TO FOOD FORUM 159 FAO 1. Opening Address by Jim Butler, © Deputy Director General, FAO ... 159 2. Keynote Address by Olivier De Schutter, UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food 162 3. Forum Orientation by Barbara Ekwall, Coordinator, Right to Food Unit, FAO ..................... 167 II. FINAL Report BY MARC COHEN, FORUM Rapporteur . ............ 170 © FAO / Gabriele Zanolli 158 I. ANNEX OPENING SPEECHES AT THERIGHTTOFOODFORUM OPENING SPEECHESAT Right to Food Making it Happen 159 I. OPENING SPEECHES at THE RIGHT TO FOOD FORUM Here below are the texts of the three principal speeches delivered at the opening of the Right to Food Forum, which set the scene for the work on hand . The Opening Address was delivered by Jim Butler, Deputy Director General, FAO; the Keynote Address by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food, Olivier De Schutter; and the Forum Orientation by Barbara Ekwall, Coordinator, Right to Food Unit (now Right to Food Team), FAO . Many of the other important contributions are summarized in the Synthesis of the Panel sessions (Part TWO of this report) . 1. Opening Address by Jim Butler, Deputy Director General, FAO Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, On behalf of the Director-General of FAO, Jacques Diouf, I welcome you warmly to Rome, to FAO and to the Right to Food Forum . The presence of so many participants from all Gabriele Zanolli / over the world reflects your commitment towards the right FAO to food and the importance of this issue, especially in the © context of the present food security crisis .
    [Show full text]
  • Policy Brief No. 16
    Policy Brief No. 16 The World Food Crisis What’s behind it and What we can do about it by Eric Holt-Giménez, Ph.D. October 2008 For copies, contact Food First Books (510) 654-4400 ext. 232 or visit our webstore at www.foodfirst.org © 2008 Institute for Food and Development Policy. Please do not copy without permission. THE WORLD FOOD CRISIS i About the Author Eric Holt-Giménez, Ph.D. is a Social Scientist and Executive Director of Food First/Institute for Food and Development Policy in Oakland, California USA (www.foodfirst.org). Acknowledgements With special thanks to Food First researchers, Annie Shattuck, Rick Jonasse, Karla Peña, Ellen Tyler, Amanda El Khoury, Heidi Connor, Julianna Mandel, Meera Velu, Mihir Mankad, Jasmine Tilly, and Dori Stone. FOODFIRST Institute for Food and Development Policy Policy Brief No 16 THE WORLD FOOD CRISIS ii TABLE OF CONTENTS “A Silent Tsunami” 1 The Root Causes 4 The Green Revolution 5 Structural Adjustment Programs 5 Regional Free-Trade Agreements and the World Trade Organization 5 Northern Subsidies to Agriculture 6 World Food Aid 6 The U.S.: Growing the Crisis at Home 7 Solving the Food Crisis–Fixing the Food System 13 Endnotes 16 FOODFIRST Institute for Food and Development Policy Policy Brief No 16 THE WORLD FOOD CRISIS 1 “A Silent Tsunami” The World Food Program’s description of the global food crisis raises the specter of a natural disaster surging over an unaware populace that is helpless in the face of massive destruction. With billions of people at risk of hunger, the current food crisis is certainly massive and destructive.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 34 the Right to Adequate Food
    UNITED NATIONS The Right to Adequate Food Human Rights Human Rights Fact Sheet No. 34 The Right to Adequate Food Fact Sheet No. 34 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations or the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Material contained in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, provided credit is given and a copy of the publication containing the reprinted material is sent to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Palais des Nations, 8–14 avenue de la Paix, CH–1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. ii CONTENTS Page Abbreviations . iv Introduction . 1 I. WHAT IS THE RIGHT TO FOOD? . 2 A. Key aspects of the right to food . 2 B. Common misconceptions about the right to food. 3 C. The link between the right to food and other human rights . 5 D. The right to food in international law. 7 II. HOW DOES THE RIGHT TO FOOD APPLY TO SPECIFIC GROUPS?. 9 A. The rural and urban poor . 10 B. Indigenous peoples. 12 C. Women . 14 D. Children. 16 III. WHAT ARE THE OBLIGATIONS ON STATES AND THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF OTHERS? . 17 A. Three types of obligations. 17 B. Progressive and immediate obligations . 19 C. Obligations with international dimensions . 22 D. The responsibilities of others.
    [Show full text]
  • Questions and Answers
    Questions and Answers 1) What is the human right to food? The right to food is first of all a human right. It is the right to feed oneself in dignity. It is the right to have con- tinuous access to the resources that will enable you to produce, earn or purchase enough food to not only prevent hunger, but also to ensure health and well-being. The right to food only rarely means that a person has the right to free handouts. 2) Is the right to food a right to food aid? The right to food is primarily the right to feed oneself and one’s family in dignity, but of course there can be situa- tions when people cannot do that. There are emergency situations – wars, natural disasters – and there are persons – disabled, sick or orphaned – who cannot feed themselves and need assistance. People in those circumstances must receive assistance, whether food aid, cash or any other form. 3) Is the right to food a legally binding right? For the 160 countries that have ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, the right to food is a legally binding right, on equal footing as the human rights prohibiting torture and protect- ing free speech and the press. In addition, many countries have included the right to food in constitutions and legislation. Countries that have not ratified the Covenant should at least recognize their moral responsibility to realize this right. 4) Who is responsible for implementing the right to food? States are the primary duty bearers for implementing human rights, including the right to food.
    [Show full text]
  • SMITA NARULA 78 North Broadway, White Plains, New York 10603, [email protected]
    SMITA NARULA 78 North Broadway, White Plains, New York 10603, [email protected] ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS ELISABETH HAUB SCHOOL OF LAW AT PACE UNIVERSITY White Plains, NY Haub Distinguished Professor of International Law Sept. 2018 - present ▪ Appointed in 2018 as the inaugural Distinguished Haub Chair in International Law to teach in the law school’s internationally renowned and top-ranked environmental law program. ▪ Courses: International Environmental Law; Environmental Justice; Human Rights & the Environment; Property Law. Committees: Appointments Committee; Admissions Committee; Nominating Committee; Environmental Law Program. Research interests: International Human Rights Law; Food Sovereignty & the Right to Food; Indigenous Peoples’ Rights; Environmental Movements; Sustainable Development Goals. Faculty Advisor: Pace International Law Review. ▪ Appointed Co-Director of the Global Center for Environmental Legal Studies in July 2019. Coordinate and supervise Haub Law students’ efforts to draft, submit, appeal and negotiate motions on international environmental law subjects for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s World Conservation Congress. HUNTER COLLEGE – CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK New York, NY Distinguished Lecturer & Interim Director 2017 – 2018 Human Rights Program, Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute ▪ Directed interdisciplinary program in human rights for undergraduate students and provided strategic direction for relevant academic, public outreach, and programming efforts. Fostered human rights
    [Show full text]
  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights
    Universal Declaration of Human Rights Preamble Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people, Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law, Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge, Now, therefore, The General Assembly, Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
    [Show full text]
  • For Decision-Makers Fao Regional Symposia on Agroecology Summary for Decision-Makers Fao Regional Symposia on Agroecology
    SUMMARY FOR DECISION-MAKERS FAO REGIONAL SYMPOSIA ON AGROECOLOGY SUMMARY FOR DECISION-MAKERS FAO REGIONAL SYMPOSIA ON AGROECOLOGY FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS, ROME 2016 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, 2016 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or addressed to [email protected]. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man
    AMERICAN DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF MAN (Adopted by the Ninth International Conference of American States, Bogotá, Colombia, 1948) WHEREAS: The American peoples have acknowledged the dignity of the individual, and their national constitutions recognize that juridical and political institutions, which regulate life in human society, have as their principal aim the protection of the essential rights of man and the creation of circumstances that will permit him to achieve spiritual and material progress and attain happiness; The American States have on repeated occasions recognized that the essential rights of man are not derived from the fact that he is a national of a certain state, but are based upon attributes of his human personality; The international protection of the rights of man should be the principal guide of an evolving American law; The affirmation of essential human rights by the American States together with the guarantees given by the internal regimes of the states establish the initial system of protection considered by the American States as being suited to the present social and juridical conditions, not without a recognition on their part that they should increasingly strengthen that system in the international field as conditions become more favorable, The Ninth International Conference of American States AGREES: To adopt the following AMERICAN DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF MAN Preamble All men are born free and equal, in dignity and in rights, and, being endowed by nature with reason and conscience, they should conduct themselves as brothers one to another. The fulfillment of duty by each individual is a prerequisite to the rights of all.
    [Show full text]