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And Undp/Ocha in Tsunami Affected District

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And Undp/Ocha in Tsunami Affected District VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 RAPID SITUATION AND INITIAL NEEDS ASSESSMENT (RSINA) FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF SRI LANKA (GoSL) AND UNDP/OCHA IN TSUNAMI AFFECTED DISTRICT AMPARA PART 1 – SITUATION ASSESSMENT Undertaken during 29-30 December 04, in consultation with Government Agent (GA), Ampara, by: I. A. Hameed UNICEF (0777 774096, [email protected]) Nifal Alawdeen UNICEF (0777 420322 [email protected]) Thambirajah Nesharaashaa USAID Office of Transition Initiatives (0777 699262, [email protected]) Yumuna Ibrahim WFP M. I. M. Subair UNHCR (0777 759680, [email protected]) John Adlam DFID (+44 7788 107134, [email protected]) Mark Bulpitt DFID (+44 7901 553721 [email protected]) Revised by: Date: 1. Purpose To provide a rapid assessment of the disaster impact and humanitarian assistance needs in Ampara District and the affected Divisional Secretary (DS) Divisions (total number 11) and indirectly affected Divisions (total number 6). 1 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 2. Use To be used by national, Central Government and United Nations (UN) to assist with the national assessment of immediate needs to assist with the coordination and delivery of appropriate and timely humanitarian assistance from all sources. This report should not be used to track delivery and residual needs. This key activity should be undertaken separately. Revised Needs (as necessary) provided here should be the baseline on which total requirements are determined. The RSINA should be updated on a regular basis and re-submitted to Central Government and the UN as refined and validated data becomes available. The figures contained herein are based on the assessors best judgements based on GoSL data and estimates by the assessors. Estimates are marked thus*. It shall be noted that the initial RSINA was commenced on the third day after the disaster occurred. All national and district agencies were still active in recovery operations. Needs were being met where possible on demand and as and when relief materiel became available. There was little coordination among agencies although efforts by GA, International agencies were commencing. There was no consolidated assessment or identification of global assistance requirements prior to this assessment. 3. General Situation Devastating but localised disaster along the narrow coastal strip affecting all District coastal Divisions. The damage caused by the Tsunami which, hit the coast at approximately 08.20 local time on 26/12/04, was caused in minutes. Two surges were involved reaching approximately 7m in height at the sea shore. The inundation has largely disappeared at the time of writing. 4. Directly Affected DS Divisions Total population of Ampara District is approximately 590,000. It comprises 20 DS Divisions. The directly affected Divisions are as follows: Lahugala Pothuvil 2 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 Addalaichchenai Akkaraipattu Alayadiwembu Thirukkovil Kalmunai Muslim Kalmunai Tamil Ninthavur Karaitivu Sainthamarathu 5. Major Town Centres Affected None 3 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 6. Population Density of Areas Directly Affected by Division Table A Directly Affected High Medium Low Divisions Density Density Density Lahugala ü Pothuvil ü Addalaichchenai ü Akkaraipattu ü Alayadiwembu ü Thirukkovil ü Kalmunai Muslim ü Kalmunai Tamil ü Ninthavur ü Karaitivu ü Sainthamarathu ü 7. Size of Affected Area The affected area is the entire Ampara coastal strip (length ***km) measuring between 1km and 3km in width. The majority of devastation occurred within 1km of the sea shore. Total affected area equals ***. 4 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 8. Total Population Directly Affected Table B Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change 120,0001* The total population directly affected are deemed to be those living within the affected area that among other traumas, have had their homes destroyed, seriously damaged or partially damaged. Inevitably there are other victims directly affected which do not fall in to this category (e.g. loss of family only) but are not currently identified. 1 20,000* (destroyed or damaged homes) x 6 (local average number of persons per family) 5 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 9. Total Population Displaced in Collective Centres Table C Directly and Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Indirectly Affected Divisions Ampara 6,485 Mahaoya TBC Uhana 76 Damana 240 Lahugala 7,000 Pothuvil 27,650 Addalaichchenai 17,843 Akkaraipattu 5,855 Alayadiwembu 17,000 Thirukkovil 4,000 Navithanveli 22,660 Kalmunai Muslim TBC Kalmunai Tamil 4,200 Ninthavur TBC Karaitivu 7,700 Sainthamarathu 25,240 Samanthurai 44,660 Eragama 2,334 Total 188,843 The population displaced in collective centres include those from destroyed and damaged homes and those whose properties are not directly affected but are fearful of further tsunamis. It is anticipated 6 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 that the number of people in collective centres will reduce as people return to damaged homes to retrieve belongings or to protect them from being looted. It is also expected that those fearful of future tsunamis, whose homes are intact, will return once the perceived risk has diminished. Those directly affected through loss of family and/or property and in trauma are likely to remain for the longest period. 7 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 10. Total Number of Collective Centres Table D Directly and Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Indirectly Affected Divisions Ampara 18 Mahaoya TBC Uhana 2 Damana 2 Lahugala 6 Pothuvil 9 Addalaichchenai 14 Akkaraipattu 6 Alayadiwembu 3 Thirukkovil 1 Navithanveli 19 Kalmunai Muslim TBC Kalmunai Tamil TBC Ninthavur TBC Karaitivu 4 Sainthamarathu 4 Samanthurai 23 Eragama 7 Total 118 The number of collective centres is likely to reduce as people return to intact or damaged houses. 8 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 11. Total Population Displaced in Host Families or Elsewhere Table E Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change 11,157* The population displaced to host families or elsewhere include those from destroyed and damaged homes and those whose properties are not directly affected but are fearful of further tsunamis. It is anticipated that the number of people in this category will reduce as people return to damaged homes to retrieve belongings or to protect them from being looted. It is also expected that those fearful of future tsunamis, whose homes are intact, will return once the perceived risk has diminished. Those directly affected through loss of family and/or property and in trauma are likely to remain for the longest period. Those in host families and elsewhere are generally more affluent than those located in collective centres. 12. Total Population Displaced Table F Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change 200,000* The total population displaced combines those in collective centres, host families and elsewhere. See above. 13. Topography of Directly Affected Area Low lying, flat coastal strip including sandy beaches. 9 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 14. Socio-Economic Status of Victims in Directly Affected Area Generally poorer members of the community relying on fishing for livelihoods or migrant construction or domestic work. Those most exposed had constructed properties, on the 300m coastal strip commencing at the sea shore. 15. Access to Directly Affected Area Access to the directly affected area is generally good by road. There are no other practical methods for the immediate delivery of assistance other than by helicopter. Main roads away from the beach are generally intact, serviceable, passable or unaffected. 16. Population in Directly Affected Area (Part) Not Accessible by Road Table G Directly Affected Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Divisions Lahugala & Pothuvil 3,000* Collapsed culverts and small bridges have prevented access by road to some populations residing in the directly affected area. 10 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 17. Cultural, Religious or Ethnic Factors Affecting Relief Assistance Table H Directly Affected Muslim Tamil Sinhalese Divisions Lahugala ü Pothuvil ü ü Addalaichchenai ü Akkaraipattu ü Alayadiwembu ü Thirukkovil ü Kalmunai Muslim ü Kalmunai Tamil ü Ninthavur ü Karaitivu ü Sainthamarathu ü Most Divisions are predominantly of one religious/ethnic group. The only exception is Pothuvil. The religious/ethnic split of the directly affected population is approximately 70% Muslim, 25% Tamil and 5% Sinhalese. Clothing requirements and habitation practices must be considered when providing assistance e.g. long clothing for Muslim women and segregation between Muslim families and between Muslim men and women/girls. 18. GoSL Ampara Disaster Management Committee Government Agent: H.M. Herath Abeywera Address: Ampara Town 11 VERSION 1 Date: 31/12/04 Hours: 24hr 19. Number of Destroyed Houses Table I Directly Affected Original Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Revised Change Division Lahugala 500 (TBC) Pothuvil 1,000 Addalaichchenai 2,000 Akkaraipattu 500 Alayadiwembu 100 Thirukkovil 1,000 Kalmunai Muslim 5,000 Kalmunai Tamil 1,500 Ninthavur 2,000 Karaitivu 2,000 Sainthamarathu 2,500 Total 18,1002* Houses in the directly affected area are generally of weak construction comprising brick and mortar on shallow foundations with solid brick and cement floors. Roofing tiled or corrugated iron or asbestos sheets. 2 Government figures (effective 29/12/04) quote the total number of destroyed house
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