DOCSLIB.ORG

Current Status on Influx and Habitat of Exotic Weeds in Korea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Current Status on Influx and Habitat of Exotic Weeds in Korea Proceedings of the 21st Asian Pacific Weed Science Society Conference (Editors: B. Marambe, U.R. Sangakkara, W.A.J.M. De Costa, and A.S.K. Abeysekara), 2-6 October 2007, Colombo, Sri Lanka. CURRENT STATUS ON INFLUX AND HABITAT OF EXOTIC WEEDS IN KOREA S-M. Oh, B-C. Moon and C-S. Kim Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA, Suwon City Korea [email protected] Abstract: For investigation on the present status of exotic weeds in Korea, the number of exotic weed species, their inflow time and native regions were examined with literature. Field surveys were also conducted for seven years from 1995 to 2001. Exotic weeds naturalized in Korea are composed of 315 species in 37 families until 2001. Among the weed flora, 135 exotic weed species have been reported since 1980. The number of exotic weeds by the native regions was 72, 32, 122 and 29 in North America, South America, Europe and Asia, respectively. Many species of exotic weeds are distributed near the ports, roadside for transport of imported cereals, circumference of highway and reclaimed land with wastes. 72 and 56 exotic weeds are found in farmland and pasture, respectively. Also, exotic weed newly found in cultivated area from 1995 to 1999 was reported as 34 species from 13 families. Key words: Exotic weeds, in-flow time, native regions, habitat. Introduction Weeds found in Korea can be discriminated as native weeds and exotic ones. However, all weeds not originating in the country are called foreign weeds. In addition, naturalized weeds are those exotic ones that are completely adapted to the domestic environment. However, because influx time of weeds for naturalization is not determined clearly, all the weeds inhabiting the country from foreign lands are considered proper to be called exotic weeds. A study on inland exotic weeds was initiated first about plants native to the American continent (Lee and Kim, 1961). Lee and Oh (1974) did a research on naturalized plants of Korea and a study on distribution of naturalized plants of the Korean peninsula was carried out (Lim and Jean, 1980). Park reported to the Plant Taxonomy Association of Korea that exotic species had not been recorded inland from 1992 to 2001. Among exotic weeds found in the country, some weeds were adapted completely to the inland environment, and the others were adjusting and found in some regions of Korea. As trade of agricultural products increased with recent liberalization of import, many seeds of exotic plants mixed with import grain were brought in the country. Accordingly, this study was carried out to elucidate the kind of exotic weeds flown in to the country, inflow time, native origin and main places of occurrence and obtain basic information for management of exotic weeds Materials and Methods Survey on kinds of exotic weed through different documents In order to survey exotic weeds distributed in the country, weedy plants of alien native origin based on plant picture book published inland and an article, were chosen and summarized by family. Exotic weeds investigated were rearranged by species and only the legitimate name was written using rule of international plant nomenclature after identifying basionym, synonym and misidentified name. Influx time and native place of exotic weed Date of first entry to the country was surmised based on reference and plant books pre- reported, even if that may not be completely accurate. Depending on references when exotic weeds were reported firstly, influx periods were sorted by 5 periods (before 1910; before the opening of port, 1911∼1945; governing period of Japan, 1946∼1960; the restoration after war, 608 Proceedings of the 21st Asian Pacific Weed Science Society Conference (Editors: B. Marambe, U.R. Sangakkara, W.A.J.M. De Costa, and A.S.K. Abeysekara), 2-6 October 2007, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 1961∼1980; growing period of economy, 1981∼1999; period of free trade). We used several references such as Flora Korean (1911 Nakai), Plant name of Josun (1949 Biology Society of Josun), Plant name of Korea (Lee and An, 1963), Plant name of Daehan (Lee, 1982) and Color picture of Naturalized plant of Korea (Lee, 1995) to obtain information on influx time of exotic weeds. Native region by species was investigated through many relevant articles. Survey on distribution and inhabitation of exotic weeds In order to obtain information on distribution and inhabitation of exotic weeds, we usually surveyed the surroundings of main harbors such as Inchun, Pusan, Gunsan, Mokpoe and Yeosu from which grain is usually imported, near roadside for transport of imported grain and around dairy farms and pasture land. In addition, we surveyed exotic weeds troublesome in cultivated areas including crops like feed corn and grains. Newly found species were identified based on domestic and foreign plant picture books. Results and Discussion Exotic weeds found domestically by late 2001 were identified as belonging to 315 species of 37 families and 18 orders (Table 1). Table 8 shows the species by different families and native regions and inflow time to Korea. In Japan, naturalized plants of 403 species were identified in Colored Illustration of Naturalized Plants of Japan (Takemasa, 1992) and 165 species were recorded as exotic weeds of Japan (Livestock Society of Japan, 1994). Park (1995) published picture books including 261 exotic weed species and Kang and Shim (2002) reported 471 exotic weed species. However, it is difficult to compare these with our results because Kang and Shim (2002) includes some flowering grass and cultivated crops in their results. Table 1. Number of exotic weed species by family. Family No. of species Family No. of species Poaceae 51 Malvaceae 9 Polygonaceae 12 Convolvulaceae 8 Chenopodiaceae 7 Solanaceae 13 Amaranthaceae 14 Scrophulariaceae 9 Caryophyllaceae 13 Asteraceae 65 Brassicaceae 31 Others 25 Family 63 Fabaceae 20 Total 37 Family 315 When 315 exotic weeds inhabiting domestically were categorized according to plant families, the family Asteraceae 65 had species, Poaceae 51 species, Brassicaceae 31 species and Fabaceae 20 species. These families formed 53% of total exotic weeds and the rest were Polygonaceae, Amaranthaceae, Solanaceae and Caryophyllaceae having 12 to 14 species. Influx time and native region of exotic weeds The species number by influx periods of exotic weeds is shown in Table 2. Before 1910, even if that time is very long ago, 54 species were reported as exotic weeds. 609 Proceedings of the 21st Asian Pacific Weed Science Society Conference (Editors: B. Marambe, U.R. Sangakkara, W.A.J.M. De Costa, and A.S.K. Abeysekara), 2-6 October 2007, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Table 2. Number of exotic weed species by introduction period Introduction ~’10 ’11~’45 ’46~’60 ’61~’80 ’81~’01 Total Period No. of Species 54 46 16 64 135 315 (％) (17) (15) (5) (20) (43) (100) If we are to determine the period before 1910 to be least 200 years, this period conforms to about 1711∼1910 during which some trade to foreign countries was carried out. Most of 55 exotic weeds are considered as be flown at that time. After this period, 46 species and 16 species were introduced during 1911∼1945 (the period of Japanese annexation of Korea to independence of Korea) and 1946∼1960 (early period after the independence), respectively. Influx of exotic weeds during the latter period is reported as little even though much American agricultural products were coming in. This is considered as due to the low interest about new plant species and exotic weeds considering the situation at that time. With the advent of real industrialization from 1961 to 1980, 64 exotic weed species are reported. Since 1980, as a lot of alien agricultural products have been imported with opening of importation, many exotic weeds have flown during this period, with 135 species being identified amounting to 43% of total exotic weeds. Increase of exotic weeds was because of the influx of seeds of exotic weeds coming as contaminations of imported grains. Native region of exotic weeds Because exotic weeds were not only confined to the native region, the native region of exotic weeds was not the country from which they were flown to Korea. However, native regions provide important information on ecological characters of the species. Table 3 shows the division of exotic weeds based on native regions and introduction period. Table 3. Number of exotic weed species by native regions and introduction period. Division As.* Eu. Eu-As nA sA Others Total Before 1960 19 45 17 14 10 10 115 1961~2001 10 77 18 58 21 16 200 Total 29 122 35 72 31 23 315 * As.; Asia, Af.; Africa, Aus.; Australia, Eu.; Europe, nA.; north America, sA.; south America, tA.; tropical America, Chi.; China, Ind.; india, cAs.; central Asia, sEu.; south Europe, Tro.; Tropical, wAs.; west Asia, Mex.; Mexico, Jap.; Japan) Weed species native to Europe consisted for 122 species forming 39% of the total followed by South America (31 species and 10%), Asia (29 species and 9%) and Eurasia (35 species and 11%) and Australia and Africa (9 species). Considering adjacency and native region of exotic weeds, weeds native to Asia, Europe and Eurasia for 56% and 176 weed species followed by North and South America (33% and 103 species). The results implied that influx of exotic weeds have much connection to these native regions. If comparing native regions of exotic weeds before and after 1960 (Table 3), weeds native to Asia were identified as 19 and 10 species before and after 1960, respectively, followed by North and South America and Europe with 24 and 79 and 45 and 77 species during corresponding periods. Though the native region of weeds is not always the nation from which exotic weeds were introduced, kinds of exotic weed surveyed were greatly influenced by the change of nation for agricultural trade.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Literature Cited
    Literature Cited Robert W. Kiger, Editor This is a consolidated list of all works cited in volumes 19, 20, and 21, whether as selected references, in text, or in nomenclatural contexts. In citations of articles, both here and in the taxonomic treatments, and also in nomenclatural citations, the titles of serials are rendered in the forms recommended in G. D. R. Bridson and E. R. Smith (1991). When those forms are abbre- viated, as most are, cross references to the corresponding full serial titles are interpolated here alphabetically by abbreviated form. In nomenclatural citations (only), book titles are rendered in the abbreviated forms recommended in F. A. Stafleu and R. S. Cowan (1976–1988) and F. A. Stafleu and E. A. Mennega (1992+). Here, those abbreviated forms are indicated parenthetically following the full citations of the corresponding works, and cross references to the full citations are interpolated in the list alphabetically by abbreviated form. Two or more works published in the same year by the same author or group of coauthors will be distinguished uniquely and consistently throughout all volumes of Flora of North America by lower-case letters (b, c, d, ...) suffixed to the date for the second and subsequent works in the set. The suffixes are assigned in order of editorial encounter and do not reflect chronological sequence of publication. The first work by any particular author or group from any given year carries the implicit date suffix “a”; thus, the sequence of explicit suffixes begins with “b”. Works missing from any suffixed sequence here are ones cited elsewhere in the Flora that are not pertinent in these volumes.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Anatomy of Ovules in Galinsoga, Solidago and Ratibida (Asteraceae)
    ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica 56/2: 115–125, 2014 DOI: 10.2478/abcsb-2014-0024 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF OVULES IN GALINSOGA, SOLIDAGO AND RATIBIDA (ASTERACEAE) JOLANTA KOLCZYK1, PIOTR STOLARCZYK2, AND BARTOSZ J. PŁACHNO1* 1Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Cracow, Poland 2Unit of Botany and Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Cracow, Poland Manuscript submitted September 9, 2014; revision accepted October 22, 2014 Many Asteraceae species have been introduced into horticulture as ornamental or interesting exotic plants. Some of them, including Solidago and Galinsoga, are now aggressive weeds; others such as Ratibida are not. Special modifications of the ovule tissue and the occurrence of nutritive tissue have been described in several Asteraceae species, including invasive Taraxacum species. This study examined whether such modifications might also occur in other genera. We found that the three genera examined – Galinsoga (G. quadriradiata), Solidago (S. canadensis, S. rigida, S. gigantea) and Ratibida (R. pinnata) – differed in their nutritive tissue structure. According to changes in the integument, we identified three types of ovules in Asteraceae: “Taraxacum” type (recorded in Taraxacum, Bellis, Solidago, Chondrilla), with well-developed nutritive tissue having very swollen cell walls of spongy structure; “Galinsoga” type (in Galinsoga), in which the nutritive tissue cells have more cyto- plasm and thicker cell walls than the other integument parenchyma cells, and in which the most prominent character of the nutritive tissue cells is well-developed rough ER; and “Ratibida” type (in Ratibida), in which the nutritive tissue is only slightly developed and consists of large highly vacuolated cells.
    [Show full text]
  • PLANT SCIENCE Bulletin Fall 2014 Volume 60 Number 3
    PLANT SCIENCE Bulletin Fall 2014 Volume 60 Number 3 Scientists proudly state their profession! In This Issue.............. Botany 2014 in Boise: a fantastic The season of awards......p. 119 Rutgers University. combating event......p.114 plant blindness.....p. 159 From the Editor Reclaim the name: #Iamabotanist is the latest PLANT SCIENCE sensation on the internet! Well, perhaps this is a bit of BULLETIN an overstatement, but for those of us in the discipline, Editorial Committee it is a real ego boost and a bit of ground truthing. We do identify with our specialties and subdisciplines, Volume 60 but the overarching truth that we have in common Christopher Martine is that we are botanists! It is especially timely that (2014) in this issue we publish two articles directly relevant Department of Biology to reclaiming the name. “Reclaim” suggests that Bucknell University there was something very special in the past that Lewisburg, PA 17837 perhaps has lost its luster and value. A century ago [email protected] botany was a premier scientific discipline in the life sciences. It was taught in all the high schools and most colleges and universities. Leaders of the BSA Carolyn M. Wetzel were national leaders in science and many of them (2015) had their botanical roots in Cornell University, as Biology Department well documented by Ed Cobb in his article “Cornell Division of Health and University Celebrates its Botanical Roots.” While Natural Sciences Cornell is exemplary, many institutions throughout Holyoke Community College the country, and especially in the Midwest, were 303 Homestead Ave leading botany to a position of distinction in the Holyoke, MA 01040 development of U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora-Lab-Manual.Pdf
    LabLab MManualanual ttoo tthehe Jane Mygatt Juliana Medeiros Flora of New Mexico Lab Manual to the Flora of New Mexico Jane Mygatt Juliana Medeiros University of New Mexico Herbarium Museum of Southwestern Biology MSC03 2020 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA 87131-0001 October 2009 Contents page Introduction VI Acknowledgments VI Seed Plant Phylogeny 1 Timeline for the Evolution of Seed Plants 2 Non-fl owering Seed Plants 3 Order Gnetales Ephedraceae 4 Order (ungrouped) The Conifers Cupressaceae 5 Pinaceae 8 Field Trips 13 Sandia Crest 14 Las Huertas Canyon 20 Sevilleta 24 West Mesa 30 Rio Grande Bosque 34 Flowering Seed Plants- The Monocots 40 Order Alistmatales Lemnaceae 41 Order Asparagales Iridaceae 42 Orchidaceae 43 Order Commelinales Commelinaceae 45 Order Liliales Liliaceae 46 Order Poales Cyperaceae 47 Juncaceae 49 Poaceae 50 Typhaceae 53 Flowering Seed Plants- The Eudicots 54 Order (ungrouped) Nymphaeaceae 55 Order Proteales Platanaceae 56 Order Ranunculales Berberidaceae 57 Papaveraceae 58 Ranunculaceae 59 III page Core Eudicots 61 Saxifragales Crassulaceae 62 Saxifragaceae 63 Rosids Order Zygophyllales Zygophyllaceae 64 Rosid I Order Cucurbitales Cucurbitaceae 65 Order Fabales Fabaceae 66 Order Fagales Betulaceae 69 Fagaceae 70 Juglandaceae 71 Order Malpighiales Euphorbiaceae 72 Linaceae 73 Salicaceae 74 Violaceae 75 Order Rosales Elaeagnaceae 76 Rosaceae 77 Ulmaceae 81 Rosid II Order Brassicales Brassicaceae 82 Capparaceae 84 Order Geraniales Geraniaceae 85 Order Malvales Malvaceae 86 Order Myrtales Onagraceae
    [Show full text]
  • Devil's Beggartick
    Devil’s beggartick Bidens frondosa C=1 Color: yellow Parts indistinguishable Plant type: Flowering perennial. Where can you find this plant? Bloom period: August – September. Distinguishing characteristics: Leaves are di- vided into 3-5 leaflets that are regularly toothed. The yellow-orange flower center is surrounded by leaf-like bracts. The flower is often mistaken for a bud because it does not have large petals that open out from the center. Seeds have 2 barbs that cling to clothing. Plants grow 1-3 feet tall. Habitat quality: This species grows in disturbed areas, and is very common in areas that were cleared of shrubs within the last three years. Developed by: Doug Landis and Anna Fiedler, MSU Department of Entomology. Funding support: National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Lynn and Thelma MacCready Forest and Wildlife Endowment, MSU, and Hanes Trust of the Michigan Botani- cal Club. Partners: The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Natural Features Inventory, The Stewardship Network, Michigan DNR Landowner Incentive Program. For more information on native plants and prairie fens, go to www.nativeplants.msu.edu. Where can you find this plant? Indiana New York Ohio Wisconsin For more information on native plants and prairie fens, go to www.nativeplants.msu.edu MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, gender identity, religion, age, height, weight, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status, family status or veteran status. Issued in furtherance of MSU Extension work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants of the Forest River Bi- Ology Station, North Dakota
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln The Prairie Naturalist Great Plains Natural Science Society 6-2015 VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE FOREST RIVER BI- OLOGY STATION, NORTH DAKOTA Alexey Shipunov Kathryn A. Yurkonis John C. La Duke Vera L. Facey Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tpn Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Botany Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Systems Biology Commons, and the Weed Science Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Natural Science Society at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Prairie Naturalist by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. The Prairie Naturalist 47:29–35; 2015 VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE FOREST RIVER BI- known to occur at the site. Despite this effort, 88 species OLOGY STATION, NORTH DAKOTA—During sum- in La Duke et al. (unpublished data) are not yet supported mer 2013 we completed a listing of the plant species of the with collections, but have been included with this list. No- joint University of North Dakota (UND) Forest River Biol- menclature and taxon concepts are given in the accordance ogy Station and North Dakota Game and Fish Department with USDA PLANTS database (United States Department of Wildlife Management Area (FRBS).The FRBS is a 65 ha Agriculture 2013), and the Flora of North America (Flora of tract of land that encompasses the south half of the SW ¼ of North America Editorial Committee 1993). section 11 (acquired by UND in 1952) and the north half of We recorded 498 plant species from 77 families in the the NW ¼ of section 14 (acquired by UND in 1954) in Ink- FRBS (Appendix A), which is greater than the number of ster Township (T154N, R55W).
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society, Volume 9, December 2009
    4 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 9, December 2009 VASCULAR PLANTS OF SOUTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA FROM THE SANS BOIS TO THE KIAMICHI MOUNTAINS Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 1969 Francis Hobart Means, Jr. Midwest City, Oklahoma Current Email Address: [email protected] The author grew up in the prairie region of Kay County where he learned to appreciate proper management of the soil and the native grass flora. After graduation from college, he moved to Eastern Oklahoma State College where he took a position as Instructor in Botany and Agronomy. In the course of conducting botany field trips and working with local residents on their plant problems, the author became increasingly interested in the flora of that area and of the State of Oklahoma. This led to an extensive study of the northern portion of the Oauchita Highlands with collections currently numbering approximately 4,200. The specimens have been processed according to standard herbarium procedures. The first set has been placed in the Herbarium of Oklahoma State University with the second set going to Eastern Oklahoma State College at Wilburton. Editor’s note: The original species list included habitat characteristics and collection notes. These are omitted here but are available in the dissertation housed at the Edmon-Low Library at OSU or in digital form by request to the editor. [SS] PHYSICAL FEATURES Winding Stair Mountain ranges. A second large valley lies across the southern part of Location and Area Latimer and LeFlore counties between the The area studied is located primarily in Winding Stair and Kiamichi mountain the Ouachita Highlands of eastern ranges.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet Galinsoga Quadriradiata
    NOBANIS – Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet Galinsoga quadriradiata Author of this fact sheet: Nora Kabuce, Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Agency, Maskavas Str. 165, Riga, LV-1019, Latvia. Tel.: +371 7032030; e-mail: [email protected] and Agnese Priede, Nature Conservation Agency, Meza maja, Kemeri, Jurmala, LV-2012, Latvia, Phone: +371 29640959, E-mail: [email protected] Bibliographical reference – how to cite this fact sheet: Kabuce, N. and Priede, N. (2010): NOBANIS – Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet – Galinsoga quadriradiata. – From: Online Database of the European Network on Invasive Alien Species – NOBANIS www.nobanis.org, Date of access x/x/201x. Species description Scientific names: Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pav., Compositae (Asteraceae) Synonyms: Wilburgia urticifolia Kunth, Adventina ciliata Raf., Galinsoga urticifolia (Kunth) Benth., G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F. Blake, G. hispida Benth., G. aristulata Bickn., G. bicolorata St.John & White, G. caracasana (DC.) Schultz-Bip. In some European floras the synonym G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F. Blake is considered to be a separate species and G. quadriradiata auct. is often cited as a synonym for G. ciliata. However, in its native range in South and Central America as well as in modern floras in various European countries G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F. Blake is defined as a synonym for G. quadriradiata Ruiz & Pav., and G. quadriradiata clearly has priority. Galinsoga as a genus was described by Ruiz and Pavón in 1794, G. parviflora was described by Cavanilles in 1795, and G. quadriradiata was described by Ruiz and Pavón in 1798. Flora of North America gives 32 synonyms for the species G.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Species of the Comanche National Grassland in United States Department Southeastern Colorado of Agriculture
    Vascular Plant Species of the Comanche National Grassland in United States Department Southeastern Colorado of Agriculture Forest Service Donald L. Hazlett Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-130 June 2004 Hazlett, Donald L. 2004. Vascular plant species of the Comanche National Grassland in southeast- ern Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-130. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 36 p. Abstract This checklist has 785 species and 801 taxa (for taxa, the varieties and subspecies are included in the count) in 90 plant families. The most common plant families are the grasses (Poaceae) and the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Of this total, 513 taxa are definitely known to occur on the Comanche National Grassland. The remaining 288 taxa occur in nearby areas of southeastern Colorado and may be discovered on the Comanche National Grassland. The Author Dr. Donald L. Hazlett has worked as an ecologist, botanist, ethnobotanist, and teacher in Latin America and in Colorado. He has specialized in the flora of the eastern plains since 1985. His many years in Latin America prompted him to include Spanish common names in this report, names that are seldom reported in floristic pub- lications. He is also compiling plant folklore stories for Great Plains plants. Since Don is a native of Otero county, this project was of special interest. All Photos by the Author Cover: Purgatoire Canyon, Comanche National Grassland You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Checklist
    14 September 2020 Cystopteridaceae (Bladder Ferns) __ Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Bladder Fern FIELD CHECKLIST OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE KOFFLER SCIENTIFIC __ Cystopteris fragilis Fragile Fern RESERVE AT JOKERS HILL __ Gymnocarpium dryopteris CoMMon Oak Fern King Township, Regional Municipality of York, Ontario (second edition) Aspleniaceae (Spleenworts) __ Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort Tubba Babar, C. Sean Blaney, and Peter M. Kotanen* Onocleaceae (SensitiVe Ferns) 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology 2Atlantic Canada Conservation Data __ Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern University of Toronto Mississauga Centre, P.O. Box 6416, Sackville NB, __ Onoclea sensibilis SensitiVe Fern 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON Canada E4L 1G6 Canada L5L 1C6 Athyriaceae (Lady Ferns) __ Deparia acrostichoides SilVery Spleenwort *Correspondence author. e-mail: [email protected] Thelypteridaceae (Marsh Ferns) The first edition of this list Was compiled by C. Sean Blaney and Was published as an __ Parathelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern appendix to his M.Sc. thesis (Blaney C.S. 1999. Seed bank dynamics of native and exotic __ Phegopteris connectilis Northern Beech Fern plants in open uplands of southern Ontario. University of Toronto. __ Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/14382/). It subsequently Was formatted for the web by P.M. Kotanen and made available on the Koffler Scientific Reserve Website Dryopteridaceae (Wood Ferns) (http://ksr.utoronto.ca/), Where it Was revised periodically to reflect additions and taxonomic __ Athyrium filix-femina CoMMon Lady Fern changes. This second edition represents a major revision reflecting recent phylogenetic __ Dryopteris ×boottii Boott's Wood Fern and nomenclatural changes and adding additional species; it will be updated periodically.
    [Show full text]
  • Bidens Frondosa L. (Asteraceae)
    Turk J Bot 31 (2007) 477-479 © TÜB‹TAK Research Note A New Alien Species for the Flora of Turkey: Bidens frondosa L. (Asteraceae) Kâmil COfiKUNÇELEB‹1, Salih TERZ‹O⁄LU2, Vladimir VLADIMIROV3 1Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Biology, 61080 Trabzon - TURKEY 2Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Botany, 61080 Trabzon - TURKEY 3Institute of Botany, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev St., Bl. 23, 1113 Sofia - BULGARIA Received: 07.11.2006 Accepted: 03.07.2007 Abstract: The North American species Bidens frondosa L. (Asteraceae) has been recorded as a new alien species for the flora of Turkey. The description of the species together with its drawing and distribution map is provided here. Key Words: Adventive species, Bidens frondosa, Compositae, NE Anatolia Türkiye Floras› ‹çin Do¤allaflm›fl Yeni bir Kay›t: Bidens frondosa (Asteraceae) Özet: Bir Kuzey Amerika türü olan Bidens frondosa L. (Asteraceae) Türkiye floras› için do¤allaflm›fl olarak kaydedilmektedir. Türün tan›m›yla beraber çizimi ve yay›l›fl haritas› verilmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Do¤allaflm›fl tür, Bidens frondosa, Compositae, Kuzey Do¤u Anadolu Introduction as of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of During field studies within an ongoing project Botany, BAS (SOM). supported by TÜB‹TAK and the Bulgarian Academy of Bidens frondosa L., Sp. Pl. 832 (1753) (Figures 1, Sciences (BAS), Bidens frondosa L. (Asteraceae) was 2). collected in 2006 in a different part of NE Anatolia. This Annual herbs. Stem 100-200 (-280) cm, branching, species is native to North America, but is currently 4-angled, almost glabrous, with few hairs in the upper expanding into Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Regional Phylogenies in Exploring the Structure of Plant Assemblages
    The use of regional phylogenies in exploring the structure of plant assemblages Tammy L. Elliott Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biology McGill University Montr´eal, Qu´ebec, Canada 2015-09-015 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy c Copyright Tammy L. Elliott, 2015 All rights reserved Dedication I dedicate this thesis to my parents, who sadly both left this world much to early. I like to dream that you are both enjoying your time together in a place with no worries, where you can enjoy all of the wonderful things in life. Dad—Although you left us when we were so young, I daily cherish the special times the two of us spent together. The memories of exploring the countryside, visiting neighbours, caring for the pigs and skipping school to fish are always close to my heart. Mom—I miss your strength, interesting perspective (albeit humorously pessimistic), no-nonsense attitude towards life and listening ear. I hope that you are finding ways to enjoy your grandchildren and tend your beautiful gardens. I would like to assure you that yes—one day I will have a full-time job. If Roses grow in Heaven Lord, please pick a bunch for me. Place them in my Mother’s arms and tell her they’re from me. Tell her that I love her and miss her, and when she turns to smile, place a kiss upon her cheek and hold her for awhile Because remembering her is easy, I do it every day, but there’s an ache within my heart that will never go away.
    [Show full text]