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4.05 Remember the structures of the 4.05 Remember the structures of the reproductive system

Essential question

• What are the structures of the reproductive system?

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 2 Structures of the female reproductive system

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 3 (female ) Structures of the • Located on either side of the female reproductive system pelvis, lateral to the • About the size of an almond • Each ovary contains thousands of microscopic sacs called graafian follicles • Inside each follicle, an ovum develops

The ovum is • Ova (plural of ovum) the largest cell in the • The female gamete or human reproductive cells (the ) body.

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 4 Structures of the female reproductive system • Except for gametes, every cell in your body has 46 chromosomes. • Gametes (specialized cells) have 23 • 22 autosomes (nonsex chromosones) and single sex chromosomes • The 23 from the and 23 from the ova combine to make the 46

5 Structures of the • Also known as female reproductive system or uterine tube • Approximately 4” long • Not attached to the • Finger like projections at ends - fimbriae

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 6 Structures of the Uterus female reproductive system • Hollow, thick-walled, pear- shaped, highly muscular

• Lies behind the and in front of the

• It is divided into 3 sections and has 3 layers

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 7 Structures of the Uterus female reproductive system 3 sections of uterus: • Fundus • Bulging upper part of the uterus • Body • The body is the middle portion • • The bottom section that has a narrow opening and extends into the

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 8 Structures of the Cervix female reproductive system • The cervix is the bottom section of the uterus that has a narrow opening and extends into the vagina • Approximately one inch long

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 9 Uterus Structures of the 3 layers of the uterus female reproductive system • • Outer layer Perimetrium

• Myometrium • Thick smooth muscle middle layer

• Endometrium • Inner mucous layer

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 10 Vagina Structures of the • Smooth muscle with a mucous female reproductive system membrane lining • Approximately 10 centimeters long • Also known as the canal

Hymen • Perforated membrane that may be at or near opening of vagina

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 11 Structures of the female reproductive system • External female genitalia • Contains , , and perineum

12 External genitalia Structures of the female reproductive system Labia • Folds of skin that surround the entrance to the vagina • – outside fattier folds • – inner folds of skin

13 External genitalia Structures of the female reproductive system Clitoris • Erectile tissue • Contains many endings

Perineum • Area between the vagina and rectum

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 14 Mammary glands Structures of the (breasts) female reproductive system • Consists of 15 or 20 milk producing lobes • Areola - Darkened area that surrounds the nipple

15 Structures of the

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 16 Structures of the male reproductive system

Scrotum • External sac of skin that contains the testes

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 17 Testes (two) Structures of the male reproductive system • Primary reproductive organ in males • About the size of a small / vas deferens egg • Suspended in the sac of the scrotum • Seminiferous tubules • Minute, convoluted tubules in the testes Epididymis • Coiled duct that connects to the testes

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 18 Structures of the male reproductive system Sperm • The male gamete (sex cell)

Smallest cell in the .

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 19 Structures of the male reproductive system Vas deferens • 45 cm structure connecting epididymis to ejaculatory duct • One from each Vas

Seminal vesicles • Small sacs where seminal fluid is stored • One on each side Ejaculatory duct Urethra • Short, narrow duct that starts where the vas deferens and meet • Leads to the urethra

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 20 Structures of the male reproductive system Vas deferens • 45 cm structure connecting epididymis to ejaculatory duct • One from each testicle Vas Seminal vesicles • Small sacs where seminal fluid is stored • One on each side Ejaculatory duct • Short, narrow duct that starts where the vas deferens and seminal vesicles meet • Leads to the urethra

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 21 Urethra Structures of the male reproductive system • Passage way for urine and sperm • So - shared between urinary and reproductive systems in men

Prostate gland prostate • Surrounds the urethra at Urethra the neck of the bladder

Bulbourethral glands • Pea-sized and inferior to the prostate

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 22 Penis Structures of the male reproductive system • Contains erectile tissue

Prepuce (foreskin) • Covers the tip of the penis • Can be removed with circumcision

• circumcision video

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 23 4.05 Remember the structures of the reproductive system

Male Reproductive Structures VIDEO

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 24 4.05 Remember the structures of the reproductive system https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XQcnO4iX_U

4.05 Remember the Structures of the Reproductive System 25