District Mining Plan of Nanded District
Prepared by
District Mining Officer Senior Geologist Nanded G.S.D.A.Nanded
Regional Officer Dy.Conservator of Forest M.P.C.B. Nanded Nanded
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1. Introduction: – As per rule 58, Chapter IV of Maharashtra Minor Mineral Extraction (Development & Regulation) Rules 2013,a committee has been formed in Nanded district under the chairmanship of District Collector Nanded to prepare District Mining Plan to ensure that the short term Quarry Permits are granted in accordance with the District Mining Plan, vide order No.2013/MSK- 2/MNG/Kawi-801Dtd.31/10/2013. The District Level Committee consists of the following members. 1. District Collector - Chairman 2. Regional Officer - Maharashtra Pollution Control Board -Member 3. Senior Geologist- Ground Water Survey & Development Board – Member 4. Deputy Conservator of Forest – Member 5. District Mining Officer – Member Secretary
As per the above directives, District Level Committee has submitted District Mining Plan of Nanded District as follows.
2. Administrative Sub-Divisions & Tahsils of the District:- Nanded district comes under Nanded Administrative Division the district comprises 8 sub divisions and 16 Tahsils. These are given below. Sr.No. Name of Subdivision Name of Tahsil 1 Nanded 1.Nanded 2.Ardhapur 2 Bhokar 1.Bhokar 2. Mudkhed 3 Kandhar 1.Kandhar 2.Loha 4 Biloli 1.Biloli 2. Naigaon 5 Degloor 1.Degloor 2.Mukhed 6 Dharmabad 1 Dharmabad 2 Umri 7 Kinwat 1 Kinwat 2 Mahur 8 Hadgaon 1 Hadgaon 2 Himayatnagar 3. Geography:- Nanded si one of the District out of 35 Districts in Maharashtra State. The District lies between 180 16’ to 190 55’ North Latitude and 760 56’ to 780 19’ East Longitude. It is bounded on north by Yavatmal District, Northwest by Parbhani District, and Southwest by Latur District. Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh from the southern and southeastern boundary of the district respectively. The Geographical area of the district is 10502 km2, which is 3.41% of the total State area, out of which 211.10 km2 (2.01%) is urban and 10122.2 km2 (97.99%) is rural. According to 2011 census the population of the district is 33,61,292. There are total 1580 villages out of which 1515 are habituated and rest inhabitated and 13 urban centers in the district. District Map is attached at Appendix I. The District is situated on plateau’s having plain terrain with undulations. The main trend of the Hills is from northwest to southeast. The main hill ranges are the Satmala and The Nirmal. The Principal rivers of the district are the Godavari, the Penganga, The Manjra and The Manar.The river Godavari runs for about 140 kms and it has three tributaries the Asna and the Sita in the district. The River manjara forms the district boundary on the southeast for about 40 kms and has two tributaries namely Manar and the Lendi. The Penganga River forms the northern boundary of the district and flows from west to east. A waterfall named “Sahastra-Kunda” is situated on this river near Islapur in Kinwat Taluka.
4. Geology And Hydrogeology : Mainly Two types of geological are found in the district with patches of the local alluvium along The Manjara River. About two third portion of the district is covered by Deccan Trap formation of Upper cretaceous to Lower Eocene age and rest is occupied by igneous rocks of Archean age and Local alluvium of recent to sub-recent age. The succession of geological formation in the district is as follows. Sr.No. Unit Age Rock Formation 1 III Recent to Sub recent Soil & Local Alluvium 2 II Cretaceous to Eocene Deccan Trap lava Flows with Inter Trappean and Infratrappean beds. 3 I Archean Pennisular gneissec complex, pink & gray Granites and Quartz veins, banded Hematite Quartzites & epidiorites of Dharwar system. Groundwater In Archean rocks: These are the oldest rock formations are represented in the district by granites and gneisses, with numerous small bands of banded hematite, quartzite and epidiorites.
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These rocks have negligible primary porosity. However, Joints, Fractures and fissures due to weathering and faulting of the formation develop secondary porosity. The thickness of weathering of these rocks in the district varies from place to place and ranges between 6 to 29 m depths as observed in Deglur and Biloli tahsils. The joints and fracture porosity reduces with depth. Based on ground exploration the ground water storage and circulation is usually limited to about 177 m depth. Deccan Taps: Deccan tap comprises of series of basaltic lava flows nearly horizontal in nature resting on granite basement. Red, black, or green bole or intertrappean beds separate individual lava flows. Each flows comprises 40 to 70% massive basalt in the lower zones and 30 to 60% vesicular basalt in the upper zones and has a limited primary porosity. The water bearing capacity of vesicular basalts largely depends upon the size and percentage of vesicles, density and degree of interconnection. The vesicular basalt has moderate water bearing capacity, which is susceptible to weathering. Massive basalts are hard, compact in nature, and as such are devoid of any primary porosity and permeability. However, the process of weathering and presence of joints, fractures and shearing have developed secondary porosity and permeability. These two types of flow govern the movement and distribution of groundwater in Deccan Traps. It is observed that groundwater is Deccan Traps occurs under confined condition, however features like joints and fractures piercing through lava flows give rise to confine and semi confined conditions. Aquifer system in Deccan Traps is multiple kind of Aquifer systems. Hydrogeological data collected in the district shows that the dug well tapping single aquifer are capable to yields about 54.50 to 72.60 KLPD. However it is observed that, the bore well of 150mm piercing two to three lava flows are also yielding about 36.30 to 54.50 KLPD. The higher yield of the bore well is attributed to the confined aquifers.
5. Rivers:- The major rivers in Nanded District is the Godavari, Manjara and the Penganga, and also the Manar, Lendi, and Kayadhu. The Godavari river which runs through the south part of Nanded city, The Manar and Lendi Rivers are flowing west to east in the center part of district and later joins to Manjara River and the Penganga is the flowing in northwest to northeast part of the Nanded District. Manjara River flows from south to north east forming the state boundary between Nanded district and Nizamabad district of Andhra Pradesh State.
49 watersheds of district has been divided into three sub basins namely Godavari, Penganga and Manjara and there water level trends as per ground water assessment are as follow. a) Godavari Basin :- out of 49 watershedds, 18 watersheds falling in Godavari basin, pre-monsoon and past-monsoon water-level trend is rising and they are in safe category. b) Penganga Sub-Basin :- Out of 49 watersheds, 15 watersheds falling in Penganga, pre-monsoon and past-monsoon water-level trend is rising and they are in safe category. c) Manjara Sub-Basin :- Out of 49 watersheds, 16 watersheds falling in Manjara sub-basin, pre-monsoon and past-monsoon water- level trend is rising and they are in safe category.
6. Climate :-The Climate of the district is generally dry except during the south-west monsoon. The district gets about 89% of the rainfall from southwest monsoon. In Nanded district, the rainy season runs from June to September. Winter is approximately from October to January and summer from February to May. The average rainfall of Nanded district is 955 mm. 7. Geology (As per GSI district report) :- a) Geological Sequence:- Geologically Nanded district covered by Deccan trap of upper cretaceous to lower Eocean age and covered by recent alluvium. Deccan traps are a thick pile of basaltic flows, horizontally disposed and apparently more or less uniform in composition. Each individual flow is a typical section, which varies from porous weathered base to a massive middle unit, becoming increasingly vesicular towards the top. The ground water occurs under water table and semi confined to confined conditions in Deccan Trap Basalt. The vesicular units in different trappean flows range in thickness from 2-8 meters and have primary porosity. However, the nature and density of the vesicles, their distribution, interconnection between the vesicles, depth of weathering and topography of the area are the decisive factor for occurrence and movement of groundwater in these units. Since the zeolitic units in vesicular traps are highly susceptible to weathering, the vesicular units comprising weathered zeolitic traps
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occurring in topographic lows are the main water bearing formation in hard rock terrain of the district. b) Soft Rock Areas. i) Soil Type :- The main Soil of occurring in the Nanded district is black cotton soil and some parts of Biloli, Degloor, Dharmabad and Kinwat granitic soil or red soil is occurring. ii) Geological Structres :-In massive unit of Deccan Trap Basalt, ground water occurs in soil cum weathered mantle, joints, cracks and other weaker zones. The upper portion of the massive traps show persistent spheroidal weathering and exfoliation which helps in retaining more ground water in these rocks in comparison to compact massive unit. The storage of ground water in compact massive unit totally depends upon the presence of joints and their nature, distribution and interconnection. The granite rock occurs in Degoor, Biloli, Dharmabad and some parts of Kinwat Taluka. The weathering depth is upto 5 to 15 mts in these areas and the condition of weathering and presence of joints play important role in the occurrence of groundwater. iii) Basic intrusive-Dykes and lineaments :-The structural features that are important from the groundwater point of view are the lineaments mapped from satellite data are natural straight-line or curvilinear features. Lineaments can be correlated to faults fractures/joints. Bedding traces, lithological contacts, unconformities etc. lineaments have been demarcated, based on the areal photo interpretations in conjunction with ground based observations. There are two dolerite dykes, Occurring in Degloor taluka, near Shahapur having trend east to west direction and quartz vein near Pimpalgaon village, Biloli Taluka. iv) Economic Minerals :- In Nanded district economic importance of minerals occurring in Deccan trap basalt are Limestone in Kinwat Taluka near Pardi village and Quartz veins I Biloli and Degloor taluka. The granite occurring in eastern part of the district is also used for construction purpose. Sr. No. Mineral Occurance in Taluka Total reserves (Million tones) 1 Lime Stone Kinwat 3500 2 Quartz Kinwat & Biloli 0.337
Granite rock occurs in Kinwat, Biloli, Dharmabad & Degloor taluka’s. The Total reserves in the district is 40,000 million cubic meters. (As per D.G.M., Nagpur report) 8. The Nanded district is mainly covered by basaltic rock which is mainly used for construction and laying of roads. 80% of the district s covered by basalt rock. The mineral composition of the basalt in terms of standards normative minerals calculated from the composition gives the following results as the norms of Deccan Trap Basalt.
Minerals Percentage Quartz 4.14 Orthoclase 4.45 Albite 22.01 Anorthite 23.07 Diopside 17.41 Hypersthene 17.78 Magnetite 4.64 Illmenite 3.65 Apatite 1.01 10.Occurence of Minerals in Aurangabad District :- In Aurangabad district at some places Jasper, Agate etc. Major Mineral occurs in very small pockets. The minor mineral Basalt Stone, Murum and Ordinary earth occurs in the district. The information existing & proposed Stone, Murum and Ordinary Earth quarries / places is given in Annexure A, B, C & D 11. Proposed method of Mining:- The method of mining proposed to be open cast manual as well as mechanical. The mining plan will consist of the following operations:- i) Removal of murumic soil weathered basalt, wherever available and stack at the dumping site. ii) Mining of Basalt. iii) Removal of mined ROM to surface yard for proper sizing , sorting and stocking. 12. Opencast Workings:- Each cycle of operation shall consist of removal of moramic soil, weathered basalt wherever present , followed by extraction of the exposed basalt subject to the following conditions being strictly complied with. i) Quarrying operations shall be conducted from Top to bottom level.
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ii) No person shall be engaged on work or allowed to travel close to high sides / benches , from which he may likely to fall from more than 1.8m. height vertically down , unless he is provided with and used a safety belt or rope. iii) A garland of 7.5m of barrier will be maintained. iv) At surface all along the lease boundary vegetation growth will be generated to isolate mining operations from rest of the area. v) The surface drainage channels governing the water drainage of the area will be maintained by proper garland drains to collect the water at the periphery of excavation and discharge the same at natural outlets by passing the excavation. vi) Wherever top morramic soil is excavated would be stacked properly for the use of vegetation. vii) Measures shall be taken for control of noise level to the limits prescribed under the Environment (Protection) Act 1986. 13. Extent of Mechanization:- It is already mentioned that the mining operation is proposed to be of manual opencast mining. Blast hole drilling will be carried out by compressed air operated jack hammer drills and blasting by Gelatin and Detonators to break the hard and compact basalt. Excavation and loading will be done manually at the mine site. For transportation of basalt tippers will be used. The following equipments / machines will be required a) Self propelled portable air compressor of 450 cfm capacity 2 Nos. b) Compressed air operated Jack Hammer drills 3 Nos. c) Tractors / Tippers 2 Nos. The Permit Holder shall install display board at all the sides at minimum 4 places mentioning all the details such as location ,sizing of mining ,mining permit , safety measures taken etc. 14. Drilling:- The overburden surface bench is likely to be comprised of weathered basalt and soil and hence does not require any blasting and can be taken out by digging. Basalt is hard and it cannot be removed without drilling and blasting . The holes will be drilled by compressor operated jack hammer in row and the spacing between the two holes will be 1.0 m and the burden will be 0.9 m. The depth of the holes will be 1.5 to 1.6 m. and the diameter of holes will be 34mm. The benches will be drilled and blasted with 1.5m lift. The Permit Holder shall develop green belt along the periphery of plot which shall include additional plantation against cutting of trees in the ratio of 1:2.
15. Loading :- It is already mention that the mining operation will be of manual nature and loading will be manual. Basalt after blasting will be fragmented as per requirement. Thereafter it will be loaded to Tractors / Tippers for onwards dispatch to Crushing unit.
16. Haulage and Transport :- It is a small mine and transportation and haulage of basalt will be carried out by tractors within quarry and onwards dispatch to various customers will be tippers. 17. Disposal of Waste:- (a) Nature of waste :- The small quantity of top morramic soil, weathered basalt will be handled separately and used for making of roads , filling wherever required and proposed to plant local verity saplings over it to generate greenery. (b) Selection of Dumping Sites :- The small quantity of morramic soil and weathered basalt will be used for making approach roads, filling wherever required out side the quarry area. (c) Surface Transport :- The basalt can be carried out by tractors from stone quarry to dumping site and onwards dispatch to construction site by tippers .
18. Site Services :- Site services can be classified in following categories :- (a)Statutory Obligations :- These facilities includes first aid station , rest shelter , drinking water etc. at the mine site. (b)Maintenance requirement :- The method of mining proposed is manual opencast. The minimum machinery deployed are compressor with jack hammer drill for blast hole, tractors, tippers etc. (c)Administrative requirement :- For this purpose a site office will be constructed.
19. Employment Potential:- The Statutory manpower requirement is a part of total manpower which includes Second Class Mines Manager, Mine Foreman, Mine mate/Blaster etc. Apart from the above, skilled and unskilled laborers will be required for drilling & blasting, manual breaking & loading and transportation etc. Following will be the manpower requirements.
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Mine Foreman ( Diploma in Mining Certificate Holder) 1 No. Mine Mate / Blaster 1 No. Supervisor / Clerk 1 No. Skilled workers 4 Nos. Unskilled workers 2 Nos. The above manpower is considered assuming 200 days work in a year. 20. Systematic and Scientific Mining:- a. Protection of Environment :- Every permit holder shall take all possible precautions for the protection of environment, wild life habitat, flora and fauna of that area and controlled of pollutions while conducting mining operations. The permit holder shall also comply with the office memorandum issued by MoEF vide letter No.L-11011/47/2011-IAII (M)dtd.18/5/2012 and letter issued by the Environment Dept. of Govt. of Maharashtra. b. Removal and utilization of Top Soil :- i) Where top soil exists and is to be excavated for mining operations for minor mineral, it should be removed separately. ii) The top soil so removed shall be utilized for restoration and rehabilitation of the land which is no longer required for mining operations or for stabilizing or landscaping the external dump. iii) Where top soil cannot be used concurrently, it shall be stored separately for future use, keeping in view that the bacterial organism should not die and should be spread nearby area. iv) The top soil so removed shall not be dumped , stocked or kept on the adjoining forest land ,if any. v) The removal of top soil or murum should also be done mechanically with the help of JCB or Pocklen c. Storage of Overburden , Waste Rock etc :- i) The overburden, waste rock and non-soluble minor mineral generated during mining operations for minor mineral shall be stored separately in properly formed dumps on grounds earmarked and shall not be dumped, stocked in the adjoining forest land , if any. ii) Such dumps shall be properly secured to prevent the escape of material in harmful quantities which may cause degradation of the surrounding land or silting of water courses. iii) Wherever possible, such waste rock or overburden or other rejects, shall be backfilled into the worked out minor mineral quarry , where minor minerals has been recovered upto the optimum depth, with a view to restore the land to its original use or desired alternate use, as
far as possible and where the back filling is not feasible, the waste dumps shall be suitably terraced and stabilized by planting vegetation or otherwise. d. Precaution against Air Pollution :- Air pollution due to dust, exhaust emissions or fumes during mining operations for minor minerals and related activities shall be controlled and kept within permissible limits specified under any environmental laws for the time being in force. e. Discharge of Effluents :- Every permit holder of a shall take all possible precautions to prevent or reduce to minimum discharge of toxic and liquid effluents from the quarry ,workshop or processing plant into surface of ground water bodies and usable lands . These effluents shall conform to the standards laid down in this regard and they shall not be allowed to be flown discharged in the adjoining forest land . 21. Environment Management Plan :- Opencast mining operation comprises of various activities related to digging, blasting and material handling which may be potential sources of environment pollution. In the following chapter potential effects of mining activities on environment has been described. 22. Air Environment :- a) Noise :- During the mining activities the noise levels may slightly increase due to machinery deployment. By regular and schedule maintenance of the equipments like greasing, oiling will minimize the noise level of the equipments. b) Air :- Due to mining there is dust generated due to crushing of basalt. This will be minimized by arranging auto sprinklers at crusher mouth, watering on roads by deploying portable water tankers and generation of greenery around the workings. Crushing units are covered with construction of closed sheds. c) Dust Suppression :- SPM is the main cause of concern in any open cast mine. At the working sites SPM level will be higher site. Efforts shall be made to suppress the dust at source by adequate watering. For this wet drilling shall be envisaged and a water tanker of 400 liter capacity shall be engaged throughout the working shift and hauling roads shall be kept under wet conditions to minimize the dust.
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23. Measures to minimize vibration due to Blasting :- The method of mining is manual as well as mechinal . The drilling shall be carried out by jack hammer and blasting by Gelatin and Detonators. The total no. of holes to be blasted at any particular time shall not be more than 20 and as such there shall not be any appreciable vibration due to blasting. As per rule 58 in chapter IV of Maharashtra Minor Mineral Extraction (Development & Regulation) Rules 2013 , the Competent Officer may grant Short Term Quarry Permits in accordance with District Mining Plan . The Competent Officer may grant quarry permit to any person to extract minor mineral except sand not exceeding in quantity as mentioned under any one permit. The Competent Officer shall grant permit for specific time and specific volume. 24. Important Conditions on which quarry permit shall be granted are given below :- a) The permit holder shall immediately report all accidents to the competent officer and the District Magistrate and District Superintendent of Police of the District in which the area is situated. b) Every quarry permit granted shall contain a condition that at no time the depth of the pit below the surface exceeds 6 mtrs. c) The permit holder shall have no right over the quarry material and other property lying in the permit area after the expiry of the permit. d) The permit holder shall not cut or damage any tree without prior sanction or without payment of compensation as may be fixed by Divisional Forest Officer or such officer authorized by him in this behalf. The permit holder shall not carry quarry operations within a distance of 50 mtrs. of any public road , public building or temple , river, nalla , reservoir , burial ground and railway tracks etc. and cause any damage to any public or private property. e) Mining shall be limited to day time only. f) No mining shall be carried out in the safety zone of any bridge or embankment. g) No mining shall be carried out in the vicinity of natural or manmade archeological sites. h) The permit holder shall obtained necessary prior permission of the competent authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water (Surface water or Ground water) if required for the project . i) Waste water if any shall be properly collected and treated so as to conform to the standards prescribed by Ministry of Environment &Forest or Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. j) No wild life will be infringed. k) Transportation of minerals shall be done by covering the trucks Or tractors with tarpaulin . l) Measures shall be taken for control of noise level to the limits Prescribed by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. m) In case of Government land, the Competent Officer should strictly follow the directions given by State Govt. from time to time. 25. Points suggested by Sr. Geologist G.S.D.A. Nanded i) Removal of overburden and weathering material in mining and quarry excavation, “catchment recharge” of watershed may get affected. The thickness of these formations is directly related to recharge and ultimately yield of shallow aquifer. Hence the relationship of over-burden / weathering is to be critically surveyed hydro-geologically while granting permission to quarry. ii) Due to heavy blasting, aquifer fracture/jointing natural framework may get disturb or aquifer clogging may take place. It may affect aquifer yield hence connectivity of quarry formation and existing aquifer must be observe at the time of hydro-geological survey of the area. iii) The over-exploited and critical watersheds as well as notified villages declared on the basis of ground-water assessment carried by GSDA time to time are to be hydro-geologically surveyed for sustainability of yield for shallow aquifer existing in the vicinity. If the applicant wants Quarry Permit in the area which is not shown in the District Mining Plan, in such cases proposals should be sent to District Mining Officer Nanded for inspection of that area for existence of minor mineral. After the report of District Mining Officer, the Competent Officer can grant quarry permit. This District Mining Plan will be updated in every month.
District Mining Officer Senior Geologist Nanded G.S.D.A. Nanded
Regional Officer Dy.Conservator of Forest M.P.C.B. Nanded Nanded
District Collector, Nanded
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APPENDIX I – Nanded District Map
Annexure A (Stone) ौ िन ाचा कार - ड