District Mining Plan of Nanded District Prepared by District Mining Officer Senior Geologist Nanded G.S.D.A.Nanded Regional Officer Dy.Conservator of Forest M.P.C.B. Nanded Nanded 1 1. Introduction: – As per rule 58, Chapter IV of Maharashtra Minor Mineral Extraction (Development & Regulation) Rules 2013,a committee has been formed in Nanded district under the chairmanship of District Collector Nanded to prepare District Mining Plan to ensure that the short term Quarry Permits are granted in accordance with the District Mining Plan, vide order No.2013/MSK- 2/MNG/Kawi-801Dtd.31/10/2013. The District Level Committee consists of the following members. 1. District Collector - Chairman 2. Regional Officer - Maharashtra Pollution Control Board -Member 3. Senior Geologist- Ground Water Survey & Development Board – Member 4. Deputy Conservator of Forest – Member 5. District Mining Officer – Member Secretary As per the above directives, District Level Committee has submitted District Mining Plan of Nanded District as follows. 2. Administrative Sub-Divisions & Tahsils of the District:- Nanded district comes under Nanded Administrative Division the district comprises 8 sub divisions and 16 Tahsils. These are given below. Sr.No. Name of Subdivision Name of Tahsil 1 Nanded 1.Nanded 2.Ardhapur 2 Bhokar 1.Bhokar 2. Mudkhed 3 Kandhar 1.Kandhar 2.Loha 4 Biloli 1.Biloli 2. Naigaon 5 Degloor 1.Degloor 2.Mukhed 6 Dharmabad 1 Dharmabad 2 Umri 7 Kinwat 1 Kinwat 2 Mahur 8 Hadgaon 1 Hadgaon 2 Himayatnagar 3. Geography:- Nanded si one of the District out of 35 Districts in Maharashtra State. The District lies between 180 16’ to 190 55’ North Latitude and 760 56’ to 780 19’ East Longitude. It is bounded on north by Yavatmal District, Northwest by Parbhani District, and Southwest by Latur District. Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh from the southern and southeastern boundary of the district respectively. The Geographical area of the district is 10502 km2, which is 3.41% of the total State area, out of which 211.10 km2 (2.01%) is urban and 10122.2 km2 (97.99%) is rural. According to 2011 census the population of the district is 33,61,292. There are total 1580 villages out of which 1515 are habituated and rest inhabitated and 13 urban centers in the district. District Map is attached at Appendix I. The District is situated on plateau’s having plain terrain with undulations. The main trend of the Hills is from northwest to southeast. The main hill ranges are the Satmala and The Nirmal. The Principal rivers of the district are the Godavari, the Penganga, The Manjra and The Manar.The river Godavari runs for about 140 kms and it has three tributaries the Asna and the Sita in the district. The River manjara forms the district boundary on the southeast for about 40 kms and has two tributaries namely Manar and the Lendi. The Penganga River forms the northern boundary of the district and flows from west to east. A waterfall named “Sahastra-Kunda” is situated on this river near Islapur in Kinwat Taluka. 4. Geology And Hydrogeology : Mainly Two types of geological are found in the district with patches of the local alluvium along The Manjara River. About two third portion of the district is covered by Deccan Trap formation of Upper cretaceous to Lower Eocene age and rest is occupied by igneous rocks of Archean age and Local alluvium of recent to sub-recent age. The succession of geological formation in the district is as follows. Sr.No. Unit Age Rock Formation 1 III Recent to Sub recent Soil & Local Alluvium 2 II Cretaceous to Eocene Deccan Trap lava Flows with Inter Trappean and Infratrappean beds. 3 I Archean Pennisular gneissec complex, pink & gray Granites and Quartz veins, banded Hematite Quartzites & epidiorites of Dharwar system. Groundwater In Archean rocks: These are the oldest rock formations are represented in the district by granites and gneisses, with numerous small bands of banded hematite, quartzite and epidiorites. 3 These rocks have negligible primary porosity. However, Joints, Fractures and fissures due to weathering and faulting of the formation develop secondary porosity. The thickness of weathering of these rocks in the district varies from place to place and ranges between 6 to 29 m depths as observed in Deglur and Biloli tahsils. The joints and fracture porosity reduces with depth. Based on ground exploration the ground water storage and circulation is usually limited to about 177 m depth. Deccan Taps: Deccan tap comprises of series of basaltic lava flows nearly horizontal in nature resting on granite basement. Red, black, or green bole or intertrappean beds separate individual lava flows. Each flows comprises 40 to 70% massive basalt in the lower zones and 30 to 60% vesicular basalt in the upper zones and has a limited primary porosity. The water bearing capacity of vesicular basalts largely depends upon the size and percentage of vesicles, density and degree of interconnection. The vesicular basalt has moderate water bearing capacity, which is susceptible to weathering. Massive basalts are hard, compact in nature, and as such are devoid of any primary porosity and permeability. However, the process of weathering and presence of joints, fractures and shearing have developed secondary porosity and permeability. These two types of flow govern the movement and distribution of groundwater in Deccan Traps. It is observed that groundwater is Deccan Traps occurs under confined condition, however features like joints and fractures piercing through lava flows give rise to confine and semi confined conditions. Aquifer system in Deccan Traps is multiple kind of Aquifer systems. Hydrogeological data collected in the district shows that the dug well tapping single aquifer are capable to yields about 54.50 to 72.60 KLPD. However it is observed that, the bore well of 150mm piercing two to three lava flows are also yielding about 36.30 to 54.50 KLPD. The higher yield of the bore well is attributed to the confined aquifers. 5. Rivers:- The major rivers in Nanded District is the Godavari, Manjara and the Penganga, and also the Manar, Lendi, and Kayadhu. The Godavari river which runs through the south part of Nanded city, The Manar and Lendi Rivers are flowing west to east in the center part of district and later joins to Manjara River and the Penganga is the flowing in northwest to northeast part of the Nanded District. Manjara River flows from south to north east forming the state boundary between Nanded district and Nizamabad district of Andhra Pradesh State. 49 watersheds of district has been divided into three sub basins namely Godavari, Penganga and Manjara and there water level trends as per ground water assessment are as follow. a) Godavari Basin :- out of 49 watershedds, 18 watersheds falling in Godavari basin, pre-monsoon and past-monsoon water-level trend is rising and they are in safe category. b) Penganga Sub-Basin :- Out of 49 watersheds, 15 watersheds falling in Penganga, pre-monsoon and past-monsoon water-level trend is rising and they are in safe category. c) Manjara Sub-Basin :- Out of 49 watersheds, 16 watersheds falling in Manjara sub-basin, pre-monsoon and past-monsoon water- level trend is rising and they are in safe category. 6. Climate :-The Climate of the district is generally dry except during the south-west monsoon. The district gets about 89% of the rainfall from southwest monsoon. In Nanded district, the rainy season runs from June to September. Winter is approximately from October to January and summer from February to May. The average rainfall of Nanded district is 955 mm. 7. Geology (As per GSI district report) :- a) Geological Sequence:- Geologically Nanded district covered by Deccan trap of upper cretaceous to lower Eocean age and covered by recent alluvium. Deccan traps are a thick pile of basaltic flows, horizontally disposed and apparently more or less uniform in composition. Each individual flow is a typical section, which varies from porous weathered base to a massive middle unit, becoming increasingly vesicular towards the top. The ground water occurs under water table and semi confined to confined conditions in Deccan Trap Basalt. The vesicular units in different trappean flows range in thickness from 2-8 meters and have primary porosity. However, the nature and density of the vesicles, their distribution, interconnection between the vesicles, depth of weathering and topography of the area are the decisive factor for occurrence and movement of groundwater in these units. Since the zeolitic units in vesicular traps are highly susceptible to weathering, the vesicular units comprising weathered zeolitic traps 5 occurring in topographic lows are the main water bearing formation in hard rock terrain of the district. b) Soft Rock Areas. i) Soil Type :- The main Soil of occurring in the Nanded district is black cotton soil and some parts of Biloli, Degloor, Dharmabad and Kinwat granitic soil or red soil is occurring. ii) Geological Structres :-In massive unit of Deccan Trap Basalt, ground water occurs in soil cum weathered mantle, joints, cracks and other weaker zones. The upper portion of the massive traps show persistent spheroidal weathering and exfoliation which helps in retaining more ground water in these rocks in comparison to compact massive unit. The storage of ground water in compact massive unit totally depends upon the presence of joints and their nature, distribution and interconnection. The granite rock occurs in Degoor, Biloli, Dharmabad and some parts of Kinwat Taluka. The weathering depth is upto 5 to 15 mts in these areas and the condition of weathering and presence of joints play important role in the occurrence of groundwater. iii) Basic intrusive-Dykes and lineaments :-The structural features that are important from the groundwater point of view are the lineaments mapped from satellite data are natural straight-line or curvilinear features.