Genuine Han Uni!cation Dr. | Senior Computer Scientist | Adobe Systems Incorporated

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth " All-Important Disclaimer…

"is presentation contains events that may happen…

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 2 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth "e All-Important Disclaimer…

"is presentation contains events that may happen… …not those that necessarily will happen

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 3 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth "e All-Important Disclaimer…

"is presentation contains events that may happen… …not those that necessarily will happen ☺

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 4 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 5 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 6 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 7 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

実

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 8 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

実 Chinese

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 9 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

実 Chinese 実 Japanese

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 10 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

実 Chinese 実 Japanese

骨

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 11 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

実 Chinese 実 Japanese

骨 Chinese (Traditional) & Japanese

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 12 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese

実 Chinese 実 Japanese

骨 Chinese (Traditional) & Japanese 骨 Chinese (Simpli!ed)

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 13 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Pop Quiz—Chinese or Japanese?

一 Chinese & Japanese → +4E00

実 Chinese 実 Japanese → U+5B9F

骨 Chinese (Traditional) & Japanese 骨 Chinese (Simpli!ed) → U+9AA8

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 14 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 15 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 16 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 17 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 18 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form () preferences change over time

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 19 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 20 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 21 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 22 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Multiple-region (aka, Pan-CJK) fonts with multiple per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 23 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Multiple-region (aka, Pan-CJK) fonts with multiple glyphs per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Requires a lot of time and effort, and can lead extrapolation

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 24 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Multiple-region (aka, Pan-CJK) fonts with multiple glyphs per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Requires a lot of time and effort, and can lead to extrapolation

. Some are useful only for a single region, but may need to be rendered for other regions

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 25 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Multiple-region (aka, Pan-CJK) fonts with multiple glyphs per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Requires a lot of time and effort, and can lead to extrapolation

. Some are useful only for a single region, but may need to be rendered for other regions

. East Asian writing systems will change in the future

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 26 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Multiple-region (aka, Pan-CJK) fonts with multiple glyphs per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Requires a lot of time and effort, and can lead to extrapolation

. Some are useful only for a single region, but may need to be rendered for other regions

. East Asian writing systems will change in the future

. Can act as a catalyst for a single-glyph model that serves all regions?

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 27 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Background & Goals

. East Asian writing systems have changed over time, through reform

. Reform is sometimes revolutionary—the hànzì simpli!cation of the 1950s—頭 → 头

. Character form (glyph) preferences change over time

. What was once deemed unacceptable is now the norm

. Today’s East Asian fonts fall into two categories

. Single-region fonts with a single glyph per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Multiple-region (aka, Pan-CJK) fonts with multiple glyphs per CJK Uni!ed Ideograph

. Requires a lot of time and effort, and can lead to extrapolation

. Some are useful only for a single region, but may need to be rendered for other regions

. East Asian writing systems will change in the future

. Can Unicode act as a catalyst for a single-glyph model that serves all regions?

. Will greater cross-cultural communication play a role?

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 28 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 29 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), (Japanese), and (Korean)

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 30 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 31 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 32 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not--subtle—region-speci! forms

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 33 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 34 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 35 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

. "e notion of “Same Abstract Character” plays a signi!cant role

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 36 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

. "e notion of “Same Abstract Character” plays a signi!cant role

. Naturally, there are exceptions

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 37 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

. "e notion of “Same Abstract Character” plays a signi!cant role

. Naturally, there are exceptions

. Source Separation Rule

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 38 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

. "e notion of “Same Abstract Character” plays a signi!cant role

. Naturally, there are exceptions

. Source Separation Rule

. Applicable only to the URO (Uni!ed Repertoire & Ordering) in its original form

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 39 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

. "e notion of “Same Abstract Character” plays a signi!cant role

. Naturally, there are exceptions

. Source Separation Rule

. Applicable only to the URO (Uni!ed Repertoire & Ordering) in its original form

. Simpli!ed forms

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 40 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth What Is “Han Uni!cation”? What Is Being Uni!ed?

. “Uni!cation” of the most important East Asian (“Han”) character set standards

. Hànzì (Chinese), kanji (Japanese), and hanja (Korean)

. "e end result is a single repertoire: CJK Uni!ed Ideographs

. "ere are subtle—and sometimes not-so-subtle—region-speci!c forms

. "is is what is being uni!ed

. Han Uni!cation is based on a set of rules and principles

. "e notion of “Same Abstract Character” plays a signi!cant role

. Naturally, there are exceptions

. Source Separation Rule

. Applicable only to the URO (Uni!ed Repertoire & Ordering) in its original form

. Simpli!ed forms

. Some are uni!ed (骨 vs 骨 ), but some are not (車 vs 车 )

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 41 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 42 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 43 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0 Extension B U+20000–U+2A6D6 42,711 3.1

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 44 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0 Extension B U+20000–U+2A6D6 42,711 3.1 URO—appended U+9FA6–U+9FBB 22 4.1

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 45 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0 Extension B U+20000–U+2A6D6 42,711 3.1 URO—appended U+9FA6–U+9FBB 22 4.1 URO—appended U+9FBC–U+9FC3 8 5.1

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 46 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0 Extension B U+20000–U+2A6D6 42,711 3.1 URO—appended U+9FA6–U+9FBB 22 4.1 URO—appended U+9FBC–U+9FC3 8 5.1 URO—appended U+9FC4–U+9FCB 8 5.2 Extension C U+2A700–U+2B734 4,149 5.2

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 47 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0 Extension B U+20000–U+2A6D6 42,711 3.1 URO—appended U+9FA6–U+9FBB 22 4.1 URO—appended U+9FBC–U+9FC3 8 5.1 URO—appended U+9FC4–U+9FCB 8 5.2 Extension C U+2A700–U+2B734 4,149 5.2 Extension D U+2B740–U+2B81D 222 6.0

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 48 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth CJK Uni!ed Ideographs in Unicode as of Version 6.1: 74,617

Block Code Points Characters Version URO U+4E00–U+9FA5 20,902 1.1 CJK Compatibility U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, 12 1.1 Ideographs U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27–U+FA29 Extension A U+3400–U+4DB5 6,582 3.0 Extension B U+20000–U+2A6D6 42,711 3.1 URO—appended U+9FA6–U+9FBB 22 4.1 URO—appended U+9FBC–U+9FC3 8 5.1 URO—appended U+9FC4–U+9FCB 8 5.2 Extension C U+2A700–U+2B734 4,149 5.2 Extension D U+2B740–U+2B81D 222 6.0 URO—appended U+9FCC 1 6.1

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 49 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 50 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 51 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 52 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 53 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 54 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 55 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 56 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 57 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 58 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 59 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 60 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

. "ere is much more cross-cultural digital communication than ever before

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 61 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

. "ere is much more cross-cultural digital communication than ever before

. Mutual intelligibility takes precedence over regional glyph preferences

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 62 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

. "ere is much more cross-cultural digital communication than ever before

. Mutual intelligibility takes precedence over regional glyph preferences

. Some communication mediums are deemed more forgiving

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 63 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

. "ere is much more cross-cultural digital communication than ever before

. Mutual intelligibility takes precedence over regional glyph preferences

. Some communication mediums are deemed more forgiving: mobile

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 64 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

. "ere is much more cross-cultural digital communication than ever before

. Mutual intelligibility takes precedence over regional glyph preferences

. Some communication mediums are deemed more forgiving: mobile

. Some glyph differences are in (relatively) free variation within a single region

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 65 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Some Preliminary "oughts…

. Minor glyph differences do not prevent mutual intelligibility

写真 vs 写真 京都 vs 京都 骨 vs 骨

. Simpli!ed Chinese resulted in greater orthographic complexity

漢 vs 汉 頭 vs 头 樂 vs 乐 車 vs 车

. Many minor glyph differences can be treated as regional preferences

. Writing systems undergo periodical reform

. "ere is much more cross-cultural digital communication than ever before

. Mutual intelligibility takes precedence over regional glyph preferences

. Some communication mediums are deemed more forgiving: mobile

. Some glyph differences are in (relatively) free variation within a single region

. Han Uni!cation is complex

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 66 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 67 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 68 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 69 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 70 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 71 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 72 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 73 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 74 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 75 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 76 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 77 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅 慎 vs 塡

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 78 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅 慎 vs 塡 緑 vs 剝

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 79 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅 慎 vs 塡 緑 vs 剝 込 vs 遡

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 80 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅 慎 vs 塡 緑 vs 剝 込 vs 遡 著 vs 箸

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 81 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅 慎 vs 塡 緑 vs 剝 込 vs 遡 著 vs 箸 謹 vs 僅

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 82 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Signi!cant Events in Japan

. Jōyō Kanji (1981)

. 1,945 kanji in common use—95 kanji added

. Basic principle: simpli!ed forms are used only within the scope of Jōyō Kanji

. NLC (National Language Council) kanji set (2000)

. Established the “preferred forms” for 1,022 kanji, above and beyond Jōyō Kanji

. "e preferred form is Japan’s interpretation of the Kāngxī Zìdiǎn (康熙字典) form

. Jōyō Kanji (2010)

. 2,136 kanji in common use—196 kanji added; !ve kanji removed

. Incorporates many kanji from the NLC kanji set

. Incorporates a mixture of simpli!ed (pre-2010 revision) and traditional components

飯 vs 餅 慎 vs 塡 緑 vs 剝 込 vs 遡 著 vs 箸 謹 vs 僅 狭 vs 頰

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 83 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 84 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 85 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 86 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 87 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 88 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

. Simpli!ed forms

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 89 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

. Simpli!ed forms

. Some Simpli!ed Chinese forms have been uni!ed

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 90 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

. Simpli!ed forms

. Some Simpli!ed Chinese forms have been uni!ed

骨 vs 骨

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 91 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

. Simpli!ed forms

. Some Simpli!ed Chinese forms have been uni!ed

骨 vs 骨 —Uni!ed as U+9AA8

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 92 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

. Simpli!ed forms

. Some Simpli!ed Chinese forms have been uni!ed

骨 vs 骨 —Uni!ed as U+9AA8

角 vs 角

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 93 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Unicode as a Catalyst

. Uni!cation of regional glyph preferences into a single code point

. Han Uni!cation

. Sets the stage for a “single glyph per code point” model

. Remember the exceptions!

. Source Separation Rule

. Simpli!ed forms

. Some Simpli!ed Chinese forms have been uni!ed

骨 vs 骨 —Uni!ed as U+9AA8

角 vs 角 —Uni!ed as U+89D2

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 94 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 95 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 96 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 97 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 98 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 99 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 100 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 101 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

. "e only national standard that includes entire CJK Uni!ed Ideographs blocks

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 102 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

. "e only national standard that includes entire CJK Uni!ed Ideographs blocks

. "e big question:

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 103 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

. "e only national standard that includes entire CJK Uni!ed Ideographs blocks

. "e big question: Which regional glyph becomes the preferred glyph?

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 104 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

. "e only national standard that includes entire CJK Uni!ed Ideographs blocks

. "e big question: Which regional glyph becomes the preferred glyph?

. One could argue that GB 18030 already achieved Genuine Han Uni!cation

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 105 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

. "e only national standard that includes entire CJK Uni!ed Ideographs blocks

. "e big question: Which regional glyph becomes the preferred glyph?

. One could argue that GB 18030 already achieved Genuine Han Uni!cation

. "ere was obvious—and necessary—bias in the choice of glyphs

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 106 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth How Can Genuine Han Uni!cation Be Achieved?

. Future generations see regional glyph preferences as a communication barrier

. GB 18030 offers a glimpse into a possible model

. Established a “single glyph per code point” model

. Some amount of extrapolation was necessarily applied

鵤 → 鵤 (U+9D64)

. "e original (2000) version did this for the URO and Extension A in their entirety

. "e 2005 revision expanded this to include Extension B in its entirety

. "e only national standard that includes entire CJK Uni!ed Ideographs blocks

. "e big question: Which regional glyph becomes the preferred glyph?

. One could argue that GB 18030 already achieved Genuine Han Uni!cation

. "ere was obvious—and necessary—bias in the choice of glyphs

. Motivation and international cooperation are key success factors

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 107 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 108 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 109 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction:

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 110 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 111 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

. "ere is sufficient evidence to back up this prediction

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 112 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

. "ere is sufficient evidence to back up this prediction

. Unicode serves as the foundation for modern digital text

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 113 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

. "ere is sufficient evidence to back up this prediction

. Unicode serves as the foundation for modern digital text

. Periodic changes to the preferred form of region-speci!c glyphs

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 114 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

. "ere is sufficient evidence to back up this prediction

. Unicode serves as the foundation for modern digital text

. Periodic changes to the preferred form of region-speci!c glyphs

. Ever-increasing cross-cultural communication

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 115 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

. "ere is sufficient evidence to back up this prediction

. Unicode serves as the foundation for modern digital text

. Periodic changes to the preferred form of region-speci!c glyphs

. Ever-increasing cross-cultural communication

. Users tend to be more forgiving for region-speci!c glyphs in mobile environments

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 116 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth Is Genuine Han Uni!cation Possible?

. I !rmly believe so, but it is not possible today

. "ere exists far too much bias and preference in today’s generations and regions

. My prediction: Genuine Han Uni!cation is possible within 25 years

. "ere is sufficient evidence to back up this prediction

. Unicode serves as the foundation for modern digital text

. Periodic changes to the preferred form of region-speci!c glyphs

. Ever-increasing cross-cultural communication

. Users tend to be more forgiving for region-speci!c glyphs in mobile environments

. "is may lead people to eventually becoming “numb” to such differences

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 117 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth

“Genuine Han Uni!cation is not outside the realm of extreme possibilities.” — Fox William Mulder, FBI Special Agent

© 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 118 IUC35, Santa Clara, CA, USA, Earth © 2011 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.