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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62991-1 - Unity Temple: Frank Lloyd Wright and Architecture for Liberal Religion Joseph M. Siry Index More information

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Abraham Lincoln Center (Chicago): au Adams, William (Unity Church trustee), ditorium of, 36, 40, 47-50, 90, 309 n65 99-101; brick of, 38, 46; as built, Addams, Jane, 264 n75, 265 n83, 46-50; concrete for, 111; dedica 310 n78 tion of, 72; as institutional church, Adler, Dankmar (architect), 59; Isaiah 32, 34, 35-36; and International Temple, 95; Kehilath Anshe Council of Religious Liberals, 320- Ma'ariv Synagogue, 290-91 n57; 21 n60; Jenkin Lloyd Jones and, and Paul Mueller, 303 n8; trip to 12, 34-37, 39-49, 182-83, 186, Europe (1888), 290 n57; and unit 265 nn81 and 83; and Larkin system, 120-21; and Wright, 120- Building, 114-15; and medieval 21, 295 n96 cathedrals, 34-36, 49, 264 n76; Adler, Rabbi Liebman (father of model of, 219, 324 n 113; nam Dankmar), 290 n57 ing of, 36, 265 nn81 and 83, Adler and Sullivan (architects), 77, 96; 269 n115; and National Unitarian Auditorium, 107-08, 303 n8; Chi Conference, 76; opening of, 51; cago Stock Exchange Trading organ screen of, 182-83; program Room, 168; Jewish Training for, 32-33, 264-65 n80; project of School, 269 n114; Kehilath Anshe 1897, 287 n40; project of 1900, Ma'ariv Synagogue, 94-95, 290- 37-40, 96-97; project of 1902, 91 n57; Meyer Building, 38; Schil 41-42, 219, 267 n103, 324 n113; ler Building, 36; Scoville Building, project of 1903, 43-46, 99-101, 274 n35; Sinai Temple, 34, 268-69 n110; pulpit of, 186; ra 290 n56; Wainwright Building, tional design of, 131; and religious 37-40; Wright and, 265 n84, unity, 39, 200; and Unity Temple, 290 n56, 303 n8 46-47, 49-50, 67, 99-101, 117, All Souls Church (Chicago): costs of, 182-83, 199, 246, 287 n40; and 257 n17; covenant of, 198-99; Wainwright Building, 37-40, dedication of, 15, 80; design of, 268 n110; Wright and Perkins 13-15; drawings of, 258 n23; en as architects of, 36-37, 41-49, largement of, 32, 263 n66, 265- 72, 182-83, 266 nn85 and 86, 66 n85; as institutional church, 267 nn107 and 108, 287 n40 32, 257-58 n18; Jenkin Lloyd

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62991-1 - Unity Temple: Frank Lloyd Wright and Architecture for Liberal Religion Joseph M. Siry Index More information

Jones and, 12-16, 80, 256 n12, Ballou, Rev. Hosea, 270 n5 257 n18; library of, 215-16; mot Barrows, Rev. John Henry, 202 toes inscribed in, 258 n19; origins Barton, Rev. William, 60 of, 13, 254 n5; plan of, 256 n15; Barton House (Buffalo, N.Y.), 287 n33 rationality of, 131, 198; and reli Bates College, 271 n12 gious unity, 200; Joseph L. Silsbee Behrens, Peter (architect), 315 n152 and, 13-14, 217, 255-56 n1, Bellows, Rev. Henry Whitney, 255- 256 n8, 258 n24; siting of, 13, 95, 56 n7 255 n6; and Unitarian denomina Beman, Solon S. (architect), 96, tion, 34; and Unity Chapel, 18, 255 n6, 292 n61 257 n15; and Unity Temple, 1 7- Berlage, Hendrik (architect): on Unity 18; and universal religion, 34; and Temple, 189, 215, 231; on Western Unitarian Conference of Wright's work, 224, 231, 232, 1886, 21 7; Wright's contact with, 234, 235, 327 nn4 and 5; Wright 15, 36, 271 n10; William C. on, 329 n30 Wright preaches at, 15 Beth Shalom Synagogue (Elkins Park, All Souls Church (New York City), Pa.), 244 255-56 n7, 257 n16, 272-73 n21 beton brut, 147 All Souls Unitarian Church (Evanston, Bijvouet and Duiker (architects), III.), 72 328 n12 All Souls Universalist Church (Water- Blake, Rev. James Vila, 282 n83 town, N.Y.), 196 Bock, Richard (sculptor): House and American Congress of Liberal Religious Studio, Maywood, III. (Wright Societies, 33-34, 76 project), 297 n98; and Scoville American Unitarian Association, 34, Park Fountain, 308 n51; and Unity 254 n5, 257 n17, 259 n26, Temple's columns, 130, 150 266 n85, 320 n60 Boston: French Church, 273 n26; old Amsterdam School, 233, 235 est monuments of, 273 n25 Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church Boston University, 271 n12 (Wauwatosa, Wis.), 244, 287 n38 Bosworth and Holden (architects), Architectural League of America, 218 269 n114 L'Architecture vivante (periodical), Bowdoin family (Boston), 58 329 n26 Boyington, William (architect), Der Architekt (periodical), 222 260 n34, 270 n5 "The Art and Craft of the Machine" Bradley House (Kankakee, III.), (Wright's essay), 111, 162, 166- 315 n155 67, 216 Brickbuilder (periodical), 109, 237 Art glass: of Unity House, 166-68; Brigham House (Glencoe, III.), 294- of Unity Temple, 170, 172-76, 95 n91 249 Bronx Church House (New York City), The Art Institute of Chicago, 33, 134, 269 n114 168, 219, 237, 238, 276 n42 Brown, Charles Francis (Chicago paint Arts and Crafts Movement, 231 er), 169 Ashbee, Charles, 231-32 Brown House (Evanston, III.), 315 n142 Atwood, Charles (architect), 214, Browne's Bookstore (Chicago), 322 n81 323 n83 Bryant, Mrs. A. W., 282 n82 Auditorium Building (Chicago), 107- Buddhist temples: Burmese, 319 n40; 08; and Paul Mueller, 303 n8 Japanese, 149, 203, 204-06 Auditorium churches, 52, 94, 271 n9, Burling and Adler (architects), 59, 289 n48 274 n35 Austin, Henry W., 301 n155 Burnham, D. H., and Co. (architects), Auvergne Press (River Forest, III.), 81 110, 214, 294 n91

Burnham and Root (architects), 263 n69, 282 n88; and King's 276 n42 Chapel, 57, 273 n25; on non- Byrne, Barry (architect): and drawings Western religious architectures, of Unity Temple, 118, 299 n120; 203; Ten Great Religions, 202, on Wright's studio, 325 n120, 209, 215 325 n1 21; on Wright's work, 1 86 Concrete: for Abraham Lincoln Center, 110-11; aesthetic of, 110; Ameri can and Chicago production of, Carrere and Hastings (architects), Ponce 109; builders and, 138-39, de Leon Hotel and Presbyterian 306 n23; church buildings of, church (St. Augustine, Fla.), 110 110; factories of, 293 n89; form- Channing, Rev. William Ellery, 94, 201, work of, 144, 296 n98, 297- 214 98 n99, 305 n20; houses of, Chapin, Rev. Augusta, 203, 271 n10 294 n91; journals on, 293- Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, 94 n89; mixing of, 305 n21; mold 64, 297 n98 ings of, 307 n50; nature of, 111- Chicago Architectural Club: annual 12, 142-43, 180; ornament in, exhibit (1900), 37; (1902), 221, 150-54; reinforcing of, 145-46, 297 n98, 325 n121; (1907), 218- 306 n23; as substitute for steel, 19; (1908), 220 109; surfaces of, 47, 108, 143-47, Chicago Arts and Crafts Society, 111 306 nn26 and 27; for Unity Tem Chicago Musical Arts Society, 169 ple, 108-12, 121, 125, 127-28, Chicago park system, concrete pavil 137-56, 199, 201, 224-25, 232, ions in, 110, 294 n91 304 n12, 305 nn20 and 21, 305- Chicago Screw Co., 72-73, 282 n82, 06 nn23 and 27, 309 n64; Wright 284 n91, 304 n13; Wright's proj on, 108-09, 110-12, 143-56, ect for factory of, 283 n91 246, 296 n98, 297-98 n99, Chicago Stock Exchange Trading Room, 306 n27, 307 n50; Wright's un 168 built projects in, 294-95 n91, Chichen-ltza (Mayan site), 210-12 296-97 n98 Christ Church (Chicago), 276 n45 Conover, Allan D. (engineer), 259 n28 Christian Science churches (Chicago), Conventionalization: and Unity Tem 96, 291-92 n61 ple, 152, 167, 188, 225, Church architecture: of brick, 109; of 302 n168, 305 n20, 332 n56; concrete, 110-11; and faith, 130- Wright's theory of, 134-36 31; origins of, 301 n151; spires in, Coonley, Mrs. Avery, 96 75, 77-78; worship and social Coonley House (Riverside, III.), rooms in, 115-17, 298 n108 322 n81, 329 n30 Church Economist (periodical), 77, 116 Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson (archi Church of the Disciples (Boston): build tects), 295 n94 ing of 1869, 54-55, 186, 272 n21 ; building of 1905, 198, 317 n18; origins of, 53-54; and Unity Tem Dana, Susan Lawrence, 96, 261 n44 ple, 54-55; worship services at, Dana House (Springfield, III.), 307 n51, 209 322 n81 Cicero Township, III., 279 n59 Dean, George (architect), 167 Clarke, Rev. James Freeman: and De Kay, Charles, 130-31, 245, Church of the Disciples, 53-55, 301 nl51 209; on Greek temples, 215; on De Rhodes House (South Bend, Ind.), Hebrew temples, 209, 215; and 286-87 n33 Rodney F. Johonnot, 53, 55, De Stijl, 232-34, 236 298 n110; and Jenkin Lloyd Jones, Dickinson, Clarence (musician), 169

Doan, Frank C. (Unitarian theologian), Fallingwater (Bear Run, Pa.), 248, 76 313 n139 Doesburg, Theo van, 234 Faneuil family (Boston), 58 Dow, Arthur, 288 n45 Farmington Avenue Church (Hartford, Druids: and Hillside Home School Conn.), 40 (1901-02), 26, 29, 31; monuments Fenollosa, Ernest, 203-04 of, 26-27; origins of, 262 n49; Fergusson, James, 202-03 and Welsh Unitarians, 29 First Church of Christ Scientist (Berke Drummond, William (architect), 227- ley, Calif.), 245 30, 248, 326 n2, 327 n3 First Congregational Church (Austin, Dudok, William M. (architect), Wright III.), and Unity Temple, 227-30 on, 329 n30 First Congregational Church (Oak Park), Dutch Reformed Church (Syracuse, 2, 71, 301 n155; building of 1873, N.Y.), 255 n7 59-60, 270 n5, 274 n35, 275 n37; expansions and remodel- ings of, 60, 72, 275 n39; land Early Christian architecture, 78, 241, around, 65; membership of, 103; 272 n21 rebuilding after 1916, 77, Ecole des Beaux Arts (Paris), 40, 72, 275 n37; and Unity Temple, 60, 83, 97, 113, 241, 244, 245, 61, 64-65, 71, 204-05, 226 275 n42, 331 n53 First Presbyterian Church (Oak Park), 3, Edict of Nantes, 57-58, 91, 271 n12 65, 71; building of 1902, 61, Egan, James (architect), 34 276 n43; membership of, 103; and Egyptian architecture, 135, 211, 213, Unity Temple, 71, 204-05 225, 324 n100; and Unity Temple, First Unitarian Church (Rochester, 231 N.Y.), 244 Ehrman, Edwin (Unity Church trustee), First Unitarian Society (Baltimore), 157, 171, 184-85, 248, 282 n82, 94 304 n13, 312 n114 First Unitarian Society (Chicago), Hull Ellicott and Emmart (architects), 110 Memorial Chapel, 72 Elzner, Albert (architect), 110 First Unitarian Society (Madison, Wis.), Emerson, Ralph Waldo: on aesthetics 12, 244, 257 n15 and ethics, 299 n122; William C. First Unitarian Society (Philadelphia), Gannett on, 200; "History/' 202, 93-94 212, 262 n51; Jenkin Lloyd Jones Flagg, Ernest (architect), 40-41, 96-97, on, 200, 324 n96; "Over-Soul," 267 n95 201; response to Stonehenge, 27- Forty-First Street Presbyterian Church 29, 262 n51; and Unity, 201, 202; (Chicago), 255 n6 western Unitarian views on, 199— Free churches, 53-54 202, 214; Anna Lloyd Wright and, Freeman, James, 56-57 201; Jenny Lloyd Wright on, 331- Froebel, Frederick, 88, 299 n122 32 n55 Furness, Frank (architect), 94 Emerson, William Ralph (architect), Furness, Rev. William Henry, 94 289-90 n52 Essex Chapel (London), 58-59, 274 n31 Gale, Abram, 94, 270 n5 Evans House (Longwood, III.), 294 n91, Gale, Edwin O., 314 n141; donation of 314 n142 land to Unity Church, 80, 81, Everett, Charles C, 201, 203 286 n28; residence of, 2; selling of Eyck, Aldo van (architect), 245 land to Unity Church, 71, 332- E-Z Polish Factory (Chicago), 138, 33 n2; and Unity Church's build 297 n98 ing of 1872, 270 n5

Gale cottages (Whitehall, Mich.), Guthrie, William (Chicago poet), 168- 314 n141 69 Gale family (Oak Park), 247 Guthrie, Rev. William Norman, Thomas H. Gale House (Oak Park), 72, 284 n94 283 n89, 314 n141 Mrs. Thomas H. Gale House (Oak Park), 181, 313 n139, 314 n141 Hall, Emory S. (architect), 71, 282 n82 Walter Gale House (Oak Park), 72, Harned, Henry P. (architect), 71, 283 n89 282 n82 Gannett, Rev. William C.: on Ralph Harraden, Beatrice (English author), Waldo Emerson, 200; and First 75-76 Unitarian Church (Rochester, N.Y.), Harrison, Peter (architect), 55-56, 244; The House Beautiful, 81, 273 n22 160, 302-03 n1 75; and Jenkin Harvard Divinity School, 53, 57, 201, Lloyd Jones, 13, 37, 207, 256 n8; 203, 255-56 n7 on principle and belief in Uni Heald, James H., Jr. (Unity Church tarian thought, 217-18; and trustee), 70 Joseph L. Silsbee, 13, 256 n8; on Heller House (Chicago), 87-88, Unity Chapel, 16, 22, 259 n26; on 288 n44 Unity Temple, 202, 207; and uni Hemingway, Grace Hall, 326 n129 versal religion, 195, 207; and Henderson House (Elmhurst, III.), Wright, 302 n175 287 n33 Garden, Hugh M. (architect), 96, Henny Villa (Huis ter Heide, Holland), 291 n61 232 Garland, Hamlin, 169 Hephzibah Children's Home (Oak Gibbs, James (architect), 93, 273 n22 Park), 67, 308 n51 Giedion, Sigfried, 245 Hickox House (Kankakee, III.), 287 n33 Gilbert and Sullivan, 267 n106 Hills House (Oak Park), 315 n142 Gilmore House (Madison, Wis.), Hillside Home School (Wis.): building 294 n91 of 1887, 22-25; building of 1901- Glessner House (Chicago), 276 n42 02, 22-26, 29-38, 261 n43, 261- Godefroy, Maximilian (architect), 94 62 n45; as memorial to Richard Goodrich, Charles, 202 and Mary Lloyd Jones, 26, 30-31; Gookin, Frederick, 134, 203 Roberts Room, 25, 29-32; sculp Gothic style: for modern churches, 77- ture in, 322 n81; and Unity Tem 78, 97-98, 131, 196-98, 208; as ple, 32, 88; and Welsh Unitarian organic form, 213; Wright's admi academies, 24; Wright and, 12- ration for, 218 13, 22-25, 29-32 Gowland, Sir William (archaeologist), 29 Hingham, Mass., and Old Ship Meet Grace Episcopal Church (Oak Park): inghouse, 55, 93, 289-90 n52 building of, 1901-06, 61-62, 65, Hiroshige, 134, 205 276 n44, 276-77 n47; land pur Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 236, 239-40 chases of, 64; membership of, Holmes, William Henry (archaeologist), 103; siting of, 3, 71; and Unity 209-10 Temple, 62-63, 71, 204-05 Hoist, Herman von (architect), 295 n94 Greek sculpture, Wright's view of, Holy Angels Church (Chicago), 34-35, 213-14, 322 n81 255 n6, 264 n77 Greek temples, 120, 180; as primitive Hongan-ji Temple (Nagoya), 205-06 architecture, 211, 213; and Unity Honwagii Temple (Kyoto), 204 Temple, 214-15; Wright's view of, The House Beautiful (Gannett sermon), 135, 218, 219 81, 160, 286 n32, 302-03 n1 75 Gropius, Walter (architect), 329 n30 Howe, John (architect), 248

Hoyt House (Geneva, III.), 315 n142 69, 271 n12, 273 n26; and Jenkin Hugo, Victor: "Ceci Tuera Cela" in Lloyd Jones, 72, 283 n88, Notre-Dame de Paris, 215-16; 298 n110; and King's Chapel (Bos read at All Souls Church, 324 n96 ton), 55-58, 198; ministry at Unity Hull House (Chicago), 111, 280 n61, Church (Oak Park), 52-53, 66-67, 298 n108 71, 103, 272 n14, 278 n56, Hunt House (LaGrange, III.), 314 n142 279 nn57 and 58, 317 n16, 317- Hyde Park (Chicago), 255 n6, 279 n59 18 n19; and The New Edifice of Unity Church, 195, 231, 300 n142, 316 n1; Quaker mater Imperial Hotel (Tokyo), 304 n8, nal ancestors of, 52, 77, 271 n12; 328 n24 on religious unity, 201; trip to Eu Institutional churches, 32, 66, 67, rope (1903), 58, 273-74 n27; on 269 n114 Unitarian origins, 208, 279 n58; International Council of Religious Lib on Unity House, 157; on Unity erals, 320 n60 Temple, 65-70, 77, 99, 102, 116- International Style, 239-42, 244, 17, 128-31, 155, 195-99, 202, 330 n42 204-05, 207, 216, 246, 298 n110, Isaiah, 30, 106, 199, 263 n60, 318 n22 305 n21; on universal religion, Isaiah Temple (Chicago), 95, 291 n60 208, 218; on Universalists in the United States, 279 n58, 332 n59; on worship, 298 n109; Wright on, Jackson, Dwight, 282 n82 53, 75, 128 James, William, 76, 202 Jones, Inigo (architect), 262 n49 Japan: exhibit at World's Columbian Jones, Jane Lloyd, and Ellen C. Lloyd, Exposition, 203, 204; religious ar 73; and Hillside Home School, chitecture of, 149-50, 203-06, 12-13, 24-26, 29, 261 n44; trip 246; Unitarian and Universalist to Wales (1899), 26 missions to, 203; Wright's photo Jones, Rev. Jenkin (great-grandfather of graphs of, 149, 206, 309 n53; Rev. Jenkin Lloyd Jones), and Uni Wright's trip of 1905 to, 88, 149, tarian chapel at Llwynrhydowen 204, 280 n61, 309 n53 (1733), 13 Japanese prints, 133-35, 203 Jones, Rev. Jenkin Lloyd: and Abraham Jewish Training School (Chicago), Lincoln Center, 12, 34-37, 39-49, 269 n114 90, 111, 117, 182-83, 186, Johnson, Philip (architect), 239-40 265 nn81 and 83, 267 n107, Johnson Wax Building (Racine, Wis.), 268 n108, 269 nn114 and 115; 239, 248 and All Souls Church (Chicago), Johonnot, Rev. Rodney F.: and 12-16, 80, 198, 199, 256 n12, Abraham Lincoln Center, 72, 99; 257 n18; and American Congress on aesthetics and religion, 69, of Liberal Religious Societies, 33- 281 nn67-69; chairs plans com 34, 76; and Rev. Augusta Chapin, mittee for Unity Temple, 71, 73, 271 n10; on Chicago architecture, 80-81, 99, 127, 128, 171, 177, 80; and James Freeman Clarke, 1 78, 282 n82, 285 n6; and Church 263 n69, 282 n88; and creedal of the Disciples (Boston), 55; and tests of belief, 33-34, 21 7; early James Freeman Clarke, 53, 55, life of, 12-13, 254 n5; on Emer 298 n110; early life of, 53, 271- son, 200, 324 n96; and William C. 72 n12; and Charles Everett, 201; Gannett, 13, 37, 207, 256 n8; and and Hephzibah Children's Home Hillside Home School, 24; on ho (Oak Park), 308 n51; Huguenot rizons, 80; and Victor Hugo, 215- paternal ancestors of, 52, 57-58, 16, 324 n96; on humanistic re I i -

gion, 76; and International Council Kent, William, 266 n85, 267 n101, of Religious Liberals, 320 n60; on 267 n107 Isaiah Temple, 95; and Rodney F. King's Chapel (Boston), 55-58, 198, Johonnot, 283 n88, 298 n110; on 273 nn22 and 25 Lincoln, 265 n83, 269 n115, Knight, Charles, and Old England, 25, 318 n22; on medieval cathedrals, 262 nn47 and 49 13, 34-36, 69, 95, 256 nn10 and 11, 262 n47, 264 nn75 and 76; on the Parthenon, 214; on rationality, Labna (Mayan site), 209 14, 131, 198, 286 n27; Religions Lake Street (Oak Park): churches and of the World, 202; on Salisbury development of, 64-65, 71; as Cathedral, 29, 256 n10; on sim civic axis, 59, 277 n51; paving plicity, 302 n167; on Socrates, and streetcars of, 2, 80 214; and Stonehenge, 27-29; trip Lao-tse, 235, 236, 241, 329 n26 to Europe (1882), 262 n47; trip to Larkin Building (Buffalo), 47; and Europe (1897), 264 n75; on Uni Abraham Lincoln Center, 114-15; tarian liberals, 332 n59; and Unity, Berlage on, 189, 327 n5; descrip 254-55 n5; on unity, 13, 33, 39; tion of, 300 n142; William Drum and Unity Chapel, 12, 15-18, mond and, 227-28; and First 259 n32; and Unity Temple, 72, Congregational Church (Austin, 199, 216; and universal religion, III.), 230; interior columns of, 176; 195, 203, 218, 264 n76; and west model of, 219; Paul Mueller as ern Unitarian churches, 16, builder of, 1 38; plan of, 113; 254 n5, 259 n26; and World's Co sculpture in, 322 n81; and unit lumbian Exposition, 323 n83; and system, 191; and Unity Temple, World's Parliament of Religions, 113-14, 189-92; and Jan Wils, 33, 202, 203; and Anna Lloyd 234; Wright on, 329 n30; Wright's Wright, 271 n10; and Frank Lloyd fees for, 220 Wright, 12, 15-16, 32, 36-37, Latrobe, Benjamin (architect), 94 40-49, 271 n10 Le Corbusier (architect), 147, 236, Jones, Mary Lloyd (mother of Jenkin 329 n30 Lloyd Jones): and Gray's "Elegy in Lewis, John: as civic leader in Oak a Country Churchyard," 30; and Park, 67, 280 nn59 and 60; and fi Hillside Home School, 26, 30; nance committee of Unity Temple, settlement in Wisconsin, 13; 128 and Unity Chapel, 258 n25 Lewis, Mrs. John, 67, 282 n82 Jones, Richard Lloyd (father of Jenkin Liberal religion. See Unitarians, Univer Lloyd Jones): and Hillside Home sal ists School, 24, 26; and Isaiah 40, Lincoln, Abraham, 36, 199, 265 n83, 30, 106; and Unity Chapel, 16, 269 nl 15 258 n25, 260 n38 Lindsey, Rev. Theophilus, 274 n31 Jones, Thomas Lloyd (brother of Jenkin Little House (Wayzata, Minn.), 311 n99 Lloyd Jones), 22 Lloyd Jones family: church at Ixonia, Wis., 106; and Hillside Home School, 26, 31; and Llwynrhy- Kahn, Louis (architect), 244 dowen Chapel, 16; "Truth Against Karlskirche (Vienna), 226 the World" as motto of, 29; and Kaufmann, Edgar J., Jr., 249 Unity, 200-01; and Unity Chapel, Kehilath Anshe Ma'ariv Synagogue 258 n25; Welsh Unitarian beliefs (Chicago), 94-95; and German of, 12-13 and Polish synagogues, 95, 290- Llwynrhydowen, Wales: Jenkin Lloyd 91 n57 Jones preaches at, 16; Unitarian

chapel of 1733, 13, 254 n4; Unity Temple, 90, 107; Frank chapel of 1834, 253 n4; chapel Lloyd Wright on, 90 of 1879, 21, 253 n4 Meetinghouses, 8, 54-55, 75, 93, 97, London, City Churches, 289 n48 177, 191, 245, 259 n27, 272 n21, Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 201 281 n65 Longmans, Green and Co. (publisher), Memorial Baptist Church (Chicago), 34, 239 72, 255 n6, 264 n77 Louisiana Purchase Exposition (St. Mendelsohn, Erich (architect), 238, Louis), 221, 325-26 n121 329 n30 Lowell, James Russell, 201, 256 n11 Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 78 Ludwig, Alois (architect), 325 nl 21 Meyer Building (Chicago), 38 Lurgat, Andre (architect), 329 n30 Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig (architect), 242 Millard, Alice, 329 n30 Millet, Louis, 276 n43 McKim, Mead and White (architects), Mills, Robert (architect), 93 78, 306 n27 Mohring, Bruno (architect), 221, Mackintosh, Charles Rennie (architect), 325 n121 315 n152 Monroe, Harriet, 218-19 MacVeagh House (Chicago), 276 n42 Montgomery Ward Warehouse (Chi Madeleine Church (Paris), 198 cago), 110 Madison Square Garden (New York Morganwg, lolo (Welsh poet), 29 City), 306 n27 Morris, William, 166 Madison Square Presbyterian Church Mould, Jacob Wrey (architect), 257 n16 (New York City), 78 Mueller, Paul: early life of, 303 n8; and Mahony, Marion (architect): and All E-Z Polish Factory, 138; and Larkin Souls Unitarian Church (Evanston, Building, 138; and Unity Temple, III.), 72; and drawings of Unity 138, 140, 142-43, 145, 150, 154, Temple, 105, 293 n73 157, 164, 171, 177, 178, 186, Mallet-Stevens, Robert (architect), 304 nn12, 13 and 16, 312 n118 329 n30 Mumford, Lewis, 330 n42 Marshall Field and Co. Wholesale Store The Museum of Modern Art (New York (Chicago), 276 n42, 331 n53 City), 239, 330 n33 Martin, Darwin, 96, 297 n98 Martin, William, 297 n98 Martin House (Buffalo, N.Y.), 322 n81 National Episcopal Cathedral of Saints Mayan architecture: exhibited at Peter and Paul (Washington, D.C.), World's Columbian Exposition, 40 209; as primitive architecture, 213; National Farmers' Bank (Owatonna, and Unity Temple, 212; Wright's Minn.), 327 n5 response to, 211-12 National Unitarian Conference: and Maybeck, Bernard (architect), 245-46 creedal tests of belief, 33; meeting Mayer, E. A. (architect), 71 at Abraham Lincoln Center (1909), Maywood Methodist Episcopal Church, 76, 199 327 n3 The New Edifice of Unity Church Meadville Theological School, 76, (booklet), 195, 231, 300 n142, 254 n5 308 n51, 316 n1 Medieval cathedrals: and Abraham Lin Notre-Dame Cathedral (Paris), coln Center, 34-36, 49, 264 n76; 256 n10, 264 n75, 286 n14 and Japanese Buddhist shrines, 204; Jenkin Lloyd Jones on, 13, 34-36, 69, 95, 256 nnl 0 and 11, Oakland Methodist Church (Chicago), 262 n47, 264 nn75 and 76; and 34, 255 n6, 258 n18, 264 n77

Oak Park, III.: and Chicago, 2, 63-64, Pacific Coast Borax Works (Bayonne, 277 n50, 279 n59; churches of, N.J.), 293 n89 59-65, 67, 71, 84, 97, 103, 109, Pan Pacific Exposition, 1901 (Buffalo, 274 n34, 275 n40, 327 n3; Colo N.Y.), 306 n28 nial Club, 278 n51; Fine Arts Soci Parker, Theodore, 201, 214 ety, 222, 326 n129; High School, Parker House (Oak Park), 283 n89 72, 278 n51; Horse Show Com Parthenon: Jenkin Lloyd Jones on, 214; mission, 308 n51; Improvement and Unity House, 214-15; Association, 132; Lake Street, 2, Wright's view of, 213 59, 64-65, 71, 80, 277-78 n51; Patton, Normand S. (architect), 34, 60, Nineteenth Century Club, 205; 71, 72, 275-76 n42 patronage of arts in, 168-69, Peabody, Robert S. (architect), 298- 222-23; Post Office (1905), 67, 99 n110 280 n61; Post Office (1933), 2, Pebbles, A. W. and S. E., 275 n37 280 n61; public buildings of, 67, Pebbles, Frank M., 283 n89 108-09, 277-78 n51; and Puritan Pebbles and Balch Shop (Oak Park), villages, 64, 277 n50; residential 283 n89 development of, 277 n48, Perkins, Dwight H. (architect): and 277 n51, 278 n52; Scoville Insti Abraham Lincoln Center, 36-37, tute, 3, 60-61, 65, 87, 275- 40-46, 49, 266 n85, 267 n107, 76 n42, 278 n51, 308 n51; 268 n108; and Unity Temple, 71, Scoville Park, 67, 274 n35, 72, 282 n83 280 n61, 308-09 n51; Scoville Perret, Auguste (architect), 329 n30 Park Fountain, 308-09 n51; Perret, Jacques, and Des fortifications Scoville Park Hotel (Scoville Man et artifices. Architecture et per or Apartments), 247; self- spective, 91-92 government of, 63, 246, 278 n52, Peters, William Wesley (architect), 248 279-80 n59; shade trees of, 132, Pettit Memorial Chapel (Belvidere, III.), 301 nn155 and 156; Union 85, 87 Church, 51; Village Hall, 2, 67, Plasticity: and concrete, 297-98 n99; 87, 280 n60; YMCA, 67, 280 n61, and Mrs. Thomas Gale House, 308 n51 181-82; in the Robie House, 233; Oakwood (Chicago), 32, 255 n6 and Unity Temple, 164, 176, 192, Oakwood Cemetery Chapel (Syracuse, 235 N.Y.), 255 n7 Pond, Allen B. (architect), 67, 280 n61; Okakura, Kakuzo, 204, 235 "A Village Church (project)," Olbrich, Joseph Maria (architect): at 298 n108 Darmstadt, 221, 314 n142; Joseph Pond, Irving K. (architect), 67, 110, Feinhals House (Cologne), 280 n61 314 n142; and German exhibit at Priestley, Joseph, 56 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, Princeton University, 237, 238 221; and Secession Building (Vien Probst Construction Co., 304 n8 na), 221-26; Wright's response to, Purcell, Feick and Elmslie (architects), 221, 325 nn120 and 121, 329 n30 327 n3 Organic form: Unity Temple as, 112- Pure design, 88, 106-07 13, 115, 168, 242, 324 nl 11 ; Wright's theory of, 112-13, 121, 132-33, 213 Quatremere de Quincy, Antoine- Otis, William A (architect), 71-72 Chrysostome (architect), 216 Oud, Johannes (architect), 329 n30; on Wright, 233, 235 Our Lady of Loreto Church (East New Randall, Gurdon P. (architect), 274 n35 York, N.Y.), 110 Ransome, Ernest, 293 n89, 297 n98

Rationality: ancient Greece and, 214; St. Martin-in-the-Fields (London), and divine peace, 286 n27; as 273 n22 Unitarian ideal, 14, 93, 131, 196- St. Mary of the Assumption Cathedral 98, 255 n5 (Baltimore), 94 Renaissance architecture: centrally St. Paul's Church (Springfield, III.), planned churches in, 209; Victor 276 n45 Hugo's response to, 215; and St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church primitive architectures, 213, 219; (Cedar Rapids, Iowa), 327 n3 spatial form in, 241 St. Paul's (originally First) Universalist Rice, Wallace (newspaper editor), 169 Society (Chicago), 94, 270 n5, Richardson, Henry Hobson (architect): 277 n50 design method of, 83; Marshall Salisbury Cathedral, 28, 256 n10 Field Wholesale Store, 276 n42, Samuels, Isaac (architect), 54 331 n53; J. J. Glessner House, San Giovanni Battista (Monza), 276 n42; and Hillside Home 257 n16 School (1901-02), 261 n44; San Lorenzo (Milan), 331 n47 F. MacVeagh House, 276 n42; Sul San Vitale (Ravenna), 272 n21 livan on, 331 n53; Trinity Church Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan), (Boston), 97; and Unity Chapel, 331 n47 260 n34 Schiller Building (Chicago), 36 River Forest Methodist Church, 327 n3 Schmidt, Garden, and Martin (archi River Forest Women's Club, 205 tects), 110 Roberts, Alice, 284 n91 Scoville, James W., 60-61, 274 n35, Roberts, Chapin, 261 n44, 284 n91 280 nn60 and 61 Roberts, Charles E.: chairs construction Scoville Building (Chicago), 274 n35 committee for Unity Temple, 71, Scoville Institute (Oak Park), 3, 73, 127, 157, 285 n6, 304 nn13 60-61, 65, 71, 87, 275-76 n42, and 15; and Hillside Home 308 n51 School, 25, 261 n44; supports de Secession Building (Vienna), 221; and sign for Unity Temple, 73, 128, Karlskirche, 226; and Unity Tem 285 n95; and Unity Church, 72- ple, 221-26 73, 283 n90, 285 n95; and Frank Second Presbyterian Church (Spring Lloyd Wright, 72-73, 283-84 n91, field, III.), 295 n94 284 n94, 285 n6 Shearith Israel Synagogue (New York Roberts, Mrs. Charles E., 287 n33 City), 291 n59 Roberts, Eben (architect), 67 Bishop Shibata (Shinto leader), 203 Isabel Roberts House (Oak Park), Shinto shrines, 149; Wright's praise for, 284 n91 203 Robertson, Donald (actor), 169 Silsbee, Joseph L. (architect): and Robie House (Chicago), 312 n116; Abraham Lincoln Center, 36; All Oud on, 233; urns of, 148 Souls Church, 13-14, 217, Rokkakudo Temple (Kyoto), 204 255 n7, 256 n8, 258 n24; design Romanesque style, for modern public method of, 287 n36; Dutch Re buildings, 61, 275 n42 formed Church (Syracuse, N.Y.), 255 n7; and Ernest Fenollosa, 203; and Jenkin Lloyd Jones, 13, St. Augustine, Fla.: Ponce de Leon Ho 258 n24, 259 n26; and Paul tel, 110; Presbyterian church, 110 Mueller, 303 n8; Oakwood Ceme St. David's Church (Rolland Park, Md.), tery Chapel (Syracuse, N.Y.), 110 255 n7; Unity Chapel, 18; and St. Luke's Church (Evanston, III.), Wright, 15-16, 258 n24 276 n45 Silsbee, Rev. William, 255-56 n7

Sinai Temple (Chicago), 34, 290 n56 Tabernacle Baptist Church (Chicago), Skillin, Thomas J. (Unity Church trust 282 n82 ee), 126-30, 192, 281 n74, Tafel, Edgar (architect), 104 285 n6 Taft, Lorado (sculptor), 168 Smith House (Oak Park), 72 Taiyu-in Mausoleum (Nikko), 88-90, Solomon's Temple: Victor Hugo on, 102, 204, 212 216; reconstructions of, 291 n60; Taliesin (Wis.), 13, 260 n38 Unity Temple and, 209 Temple Adath Israel (Boston), 110 South Park Congregational Church Temple Art Glass Co. (Chicago), 166, (Chicago), 255 n6 311 n99 Spencer, Robert C. (architect): on temples protestants, 69, 90-91 Abraham Lincoln Center, 37; on Tennessee Centennial Exposition, Nash Wright, 126, 323 n89 ville (1897), 214 Spires in church architecture, 75, 77- Third Church of Christ Scientist (Chi 78, 96, 155, 286 n14 cago), 96, 291 n61 Springfield, III.: St. Paul's Church, Thomas House (Oak Park), 276 n44 276 n45; Second Presbyterian Thoreau, Henry David, 201 Church, 295 n94 Timothy, David (stonemason): and Hill Steindel, Ferdinand (musician), 169 side Home School (1887), 25; and Steinway Hall (Chicago), 36 Hillside Home School (1901-02), Stewart Memorial Church (Minneapolis, 31; and Unitarian Chapel, Minn.), 327 n3 Llwynrhydowen (1879), 21; and Stock, Frederic W. (orchestra leader), Unity Chapel, 21, 260 n34 168-69 Tosho-gu Mausoleum (Nikko), 89, 212 Stockman House (Mason City, Iowa), Tower Hill, Wis., as retreat of Jenkin 294 n91, 314-15 n142 Lloyd Jones, 24 Stolz, Rabbi Joseph, 291 n60 Trench, Daniel G., 308 n51 Stonehenge: as Druidic site, 26-27, Trinity Church (Boston), 97 262 n49; Emerson's response to, Trinity Church (New York City), 78, 27-29; Jenkin Lloyd Jones's re 196 sponse to, 27-29 The Studio (periodical), 221, 315 n152 Sullivan, Louis (architect): Chicago Union Park Congregational Church Stock Exchange Trading Room, (Chicago), 274 n35 168; on church spires, 77, Unit system of design, 120-21; in 286 n14; design method of, 83; on Abraham Lincoln Center, 37; in Kehilath Anshe Ma'ariv Syna Larkin Building, 191; in Unity gogue, 290-91 n57; and Louis House, 160; in Unity Temple, Millet, 276 n43; and modern Eu 121-26, 140, 156, 174, 191, 201, ropean architects, 224; "The Mod 232 ern Phase of Architecture," Unitarians: character as ideal of, 331- 295 n96; National Farmers' Bank 32 n55; churches in Chicago, (Owatonna, Minn.), 327 n5; on 254 n5; debates between liberal Richardson, 331 n53; St. Paul's and conservative, 33, 217; exhibit Methodist Episcopal Church at World's Columbian Exposition, (Cedar Rapids, Iowa), 327 n3; and 214; humanistic theology of, 76,107; Wright, 240, 244, 268 nn108 and Johonnot on, 208, 279 n58; Jenkin 110, 295 n96, 331 n46; Wright Lloyd Jones on, 332 n59; mission on, 181 to Japan, 203; and non-Western Sutcliffe, John (architect), 62, 71 religions, 202-05; origins of, 226; Sutton House (McCook, Nebr.), rational ideal of, 131, 255 n5; and 311 n99 unity of divinity, 51, 196

United Shoe Machinery Plant (Beverly, 71, 74, 101, 126-30, 138-39, Mass.), 293 n89 144, 171, 184, 248, 282 n82, Unity (periodical), 254-55 n5 285 n6, 304 nn13 and 15, Unity: as aesthetic ideal, 44, 117, 120, 309 n64, 316 n1, 317 n17; Unity 124, 136, 144, 156, 196, 201-02, Club of, 205; Wright as member 234, 242; Emerson and, 200-202; of, 52, 72 Charles Everett's view of, 201; of Unity House, 157-69; art glass in, 5, human faiths, 33-34, 76, 196, 158, 166-68, 310 n72, 311 n98; 200, 203, 218; Johonnot on, 201 ; construction of, 157, 220, Jenkin Lloyd Jones on, 13, 33, 39, 309 n64; drawings of, 157-58; 254-55 n5; Lloyd Jones family on, events in, 4-5, 160, 168-69, 201, 200; square as symbol of, 136, 222-23; interior of, 3-5, 160-68, 216-1 7; as theological ideal, 51, 310 nn72 and 77; interior restora 136, 196, 198, 199, 200-01, 208, tion of, 249; lighting of, 161-62, 242, 254-55 n5; Unity Temple as 164; magnesite floors of, symbol of, 124-26, 136, 191, 312 n114; opening of, 157, 158, 198, 201-02, 216-17 160; plastering and coloring of, 5, Unity Chapel (Wis.): and All Souls 188, 249, 311 n92; purposes of, Church, 18, 257 n15; and Congre 81, 88, 115-17; sculpture in, 214; gational Church, Spring Green, siting of, 3, 81; skylights in, 123, Wis., 21-22; exterior materials of, 164, 166-67, 223, 230, 309 n53, 18-20, 260 n34; as a familial me 311-12 n109, 326 n130; struc morial, 16, 258 n25; interior of, tural system of, 123, 160-62, 223, 22; Jenkin Lloyd Jones and, 12, 310 n77; Sunday school in, 158, 15-18, 259 nn26 and 32; and 283 n90; symbolism of, 158-60, Llwynrhydowen chapels of 1733 214-15; unit system of, 123, 160; and 1879, 21; as prototypical and Unity Temple, 7, 9, 61, 87, building for western Unitarian 95, 115-20, 160, 180, 188; wood churches, 16; Silsbee's designs for, trim in, 163-66, 180, 249, 310- 15-18; and Unity Temple, Wis. 11 n82; Wright on, 158 (project), 260 n38; Wright and, 1 7, Unity Temple: and Abraham Lincoln 18, 22, 260 n36 Center, 32, 46-47, 49-50, 99- Unity Church (Oak Park): approval of 101, 117, 287 n40; acoustics of, Wright's design, 80-81, 126-30, 7-8, 107, 127, 192; and All Souls 138-39, 193-94, 231, 282 n82, Church, 18; and ancient temples, 286 n30; beliefs of, 51-52, 202, 208, 216; as art gallery, 222, 270 n4, 279 n58, 317 n6; building 326 n129; art glass in, 188, of 1872, 52-53, 66, 68, 11 7, 1 77, 311 n98; auditorium of, 7-8, 49- 186, 270 n5, 281 nn63 and 70, 50, 59, 60, 76, 81, 90, 92-93, 305 n16; constitution of, 270 n4; 97-108, 122-24, 128, 134, 171- destruction of 1872 building, 70, 92, 202, 208-09, 221, 222-23, 77, 304 n13; Fellowship Club of, 230, 238, 242, 245, 298-99 n110; 67, 103, 168-69, 278 n56; finan Berlage on, 215; in brick, 108, cial support for Unity Temple 109, 293 n81; and centrally (1905-10), 59, 69-70, 157, 193, planned churches, 209; and 220, 281 n70, 285 n95, 309- Church of the Disciples (Boston), 10 n65; founding of, 51; growth 54-55, 186; clerestories of, 41, of, 271 n10; Ladies Social Union 50, 125, 150, 172, 188, 208-09, of, 193, 201, 282 n82; lectures on 223, 225, 230, 236, 242; coat Emerson at, 201; membership of, rooms of, 248, 312 n115; and 103, 244; and Oak Park, 67, 77, concrete, 47, 108-09, 110-12, 279 n58, 281 n71; Sunday school 121, 125-27, 137-56, 188, 199, of, 158, 283 n90; trustees of, 70- 201, 224-25, 232, 247-48, 249,

287 n33, 296 n98, 297-98 n99, 304-05 n16; foyer, 3, 8-9, 124, 304 n12, 305 n21, 305-06 n23, 169-71, 312 nn114 and 116, 306 n26, 309 n64, 324 n111; con 31 7 n1 7; funds for, 59, 69-70, struction of, 74-75, 128, 137-47, 157, 193, 220, 281 n70, 285 n95, 150, 152-54, 157, 163-65, 171, 309-10 n65; and Grace Episcopal 227-28, 304 n13, 305-06 n23, Church, 62-63, 71, 204-05; and 309 n64, 309-10 n65; construc Greek temples, 214-15; heating tion (or building) committee for, 8, and ventilating of, 105, 247; and 71, 73, 127, 157, 171, 285 n6, Heller House, 87-88; and Hillside 304 n13; contractor for, 138, 163- Home School, 32, 88; influence 64, 303 nn4 and 5; and conven of, 227-34, 327 n3, 328 n12; in tionalization, 134-36, 152, 167, terior columns of, 49-50, 105-06, 188, 225; cost of, 74-75, 108-09, 122, 123, 128, 140, 176, 178-81, 127-28, 130, 138-39, 157, 171, 188, 189, 223, 313 nn136 and 193, 303 nn4 and 5, 310 n65, 137; and Japanese temples, 88- 316 nn167 and 168; and De 90, 102, 204, 206; and King's Rhodes House, 286-87 n33; dedi Chapel, 55-56; lanterns on, 118, cation of (1909), 199, 207, 223; 149-50, 309 n53; and Larkin design of, 80-90, 97-109, 111- Building, 113-14, 189-92; letter 13, 115-30, 134, 172-92, 212, ing on, 3, 118, 198-99, 218, 225- 240-42, 245-46, 287 n39, 26, 311-12 n109, 317 nn17 and 298 n106; drawings of, 81-87, 18; lighting of, 50, 127, 129, 164, 101-05, 115-20, 131-34, 149- 175, 177, 185-86, 188, 192, 52, 171-79, 209, 237-39, 315 n152; and Mayan architec 287 nn39 and 40, 292 n72, ture, 212; and meetinghouses, 8, 293 n73, 298 n106, 299 n120, 75, 92-93, 177, 191, 245, 329 n29; egress from, 8, 98-99; 281 n65; model of, 128-29, 215, elevations of, 83-84, 117-20, 219, 300 n136; naming of, 196, 124-25, 131-32, 287 n40, 208, 281 n65; opening of (1908), 315 n154; engineer for, 304 n12; 171, 192, 198, 222, 317 n16; or entrance into, 3, 5-7, 83-85, 98- gan and organ screen of, 8, 52, 99, 102, 208, 223-24, 229, 138, 176, 182-83, 186, 189, 191, 252 n4; and Essex Chapel, 58-59; 303 n6, 315 nn143 and 149; as exterior columns of, 41, 195, 105, organic form, 112-13, 115, 121, 106, 118, 121, 142, 150-56, 188, 242, 324 n111; ornament of, 106, 209, 212, 215, 225, 230, 236, 129, 152, 172-76, 188, 209, 212, 300 n136, 308 n51, 309 n54, 225, 300 n136, 309 n54, 324 n113; finance committee, 71, 313 n137, 331 n48; and Pettit 126, 128, 132; and First Congrega Chapel, 85, 87; photographs of, tional Church (Austin, III.), 227- 132; plans of, 3-9, 18, 80-90, 30; and First Congregational 98-103, 108, 111-13, 121-24, Church (Oak Park), 60-61, 64-65, 129, 137, 138, 257 n16, 286 n32, 71, 204-05, 226, 275 n37; and 286-87 n33, 291 n59, 300 n138, First Presbyterian Church (Oak 303 n6, 326 n128; plans commit Park), 71, 204-05; flooring of, tee for, 71, 73, 80-81, 99, 101, 312 n114, 313 n124; flower boxes 127-28, 171, 177, 282 n82, of, 3, 143, 148-50, 249, 307- 285 n6; plastering and coloring of, 08 n51; foliage and, 106, 131-32, 7, 170-71, 179-80, 187-88, 192, 135, 149, 162, 188, 237, 242, 248, 249; program for, 66, 74-75; 301 n153; formwork for, 140-42, pulpit of, 89, 98, 99, 102, 106, 144, 146, 148, 152, 224, 112, 160, 186-87, 199, 202, 229, 305 nn20 and 21, 305-06 n23; 242, 300 n138, 315 n154; ration foundations of, 139, 156, 199, ality of, 131, 137, 198; refacing of

exterior (1961), 146, 248; refacing 136; Wright's view of, 75, 81, 88, of exterior (1973-74), 3, 249, 90, 93, 98-99, 104, 105-08, 307-08 n51; and religious unity, 11 1-12, 113, 115, 120, 121, 129, 208; renderings of, 104-06, 131- 130, 134, 138, 142, 144, 146-47, 32, 133-34, 206, 235-36, 237- 152, 155, 156, 171, 218, 227, 38, 301 n153; responses to, 1, 3, 232, 235-36, 237, 238-39, 240- 130, 154, 192-94, 198, 199, 215, 42, 244, 324 n11 1, 329 nn26 and 219, 222, 232, 234; roofs of, 118, 30; and Wright Home and Studio 142, 155, 199, 230, 232, 234, (Oak Park), 87, 183-84 235, 247-48, 249; scale of, 52, Unity Temple (Wis.), Wright's project 107, 115, 121, 171, 215; seating for, 260 n38 in, 7, 99, 101-03, 104, 105, 107, Unity Temple Restoration Foundation, 127, 130, 177, 178, 184-85, 223, 249 313 nn131 and 135; and Seces Universal Portland Cement Co., 109, sion Building, 221-26; setbacks 294 n91, 306 n27, 308 n51 and siting of, 62, 80, 81, 83-85, Universal religion, 34, 195, 200, 201, 139, 278 n52, 286 n28, 304 n15, 207-08, 245, 254-55 n5 332-33 n2; and Shearith Israel Universalists: beliefs of, 51, 196; Synagogue (New York City), church buildings of, 94, 196-97; 291 n59; site committee of, 70- Johonnot on, 208, 279 n58, 71; skylights of, 7, 50, 106, 123, 332 n59; missions in Japan, 203; 129, 171-76, 178, 187, 192, 223, origins in the United States, 51, 230, 238, 248, 249, 309 n53, 208 313 n129; and Solomon's Temple, University of Chicago, 204 209; spatial form of, 104, 108, University of Tokyo, 203 120, 129, 172, 180, 189-91, 192, University of Wisconsin, 12 224, 230, 234, 235-59, 241, Upjohn, Hobart B. (architect), 196-97, 329 n26, 331 n47; stair blocks of, 316-17 n7, 317 n8 112, 118, 141-42, 224, 230, 234, Upjohn, Richard (architect), 196, 314 n142; steel beams in, 140; 317 n8 structure of, 139-40, 172-76, Uxmal (Mayan site), 209 224, 229-30; symbolism of, 47, 51, 60, 63, 66, 75, 76-77, 97-98, Van Brunt, Henry (architect), 332 n59 99, 116-17, 125-26, 130-31, Van't Hoff, Robert (architect), 231-32 136, 156, 189, 191, 192, 196, Venus de Milo, 214, 322 n81 198-99, 201-02, 204-05, 208, Viennese Secession, 221-22, 238, 209, 216-17, 218, 225, 226, 242- 291 n61 46, 280 n60, 299 n122; unit sys Viollet-le-Duc, Eugene-Emmanuel (ar tem in, 121-26, 140-42, 156, chitect), 120 174, 191, 201, 232, 305 n20; uni ty of, 44, 47, 120, 125-26, 136, 156, 189, 196, 201, 216-17, 225, Wagner, Otto (architect), 221, 329 n30 234, 242, 315 n149; and Unity Wainwright Building (St. Louis), and Church's old building of 1872, 52; Abraham Lincoln Center, 37-40, and Unity House, 7, 9, 61, 87, 95, 268 n110 115-20, 160, 180, 188, 298 n108; Walser House (Austin, III.), 287 n33 urns for, 184-85; visitors to, 250; Wasmuth, Ernst (publisher), 221, 227, walls of, 3, 50, 112, 118, 139-47, 231, 326 n122 156, 208-09, 223, 224-25, 238, Wendingen (periodical), 235 242, 305-06 n23, 307 n50; and Western Unitarian Conference: church Welsh chapels, 274 n32; wood buildings for, 16, 259 n26; church trim of, 7, 50, 106, 178-84, 191, covenants of, 198-99; and Jenkin 201, 310-11 n82, 313 nn135 and Lloyd Jones, 254 n5; theological

debates of, 217-18; Unity as jour Wright, Catherine Tobin: joins Unity nal of, 254-55 n5 Church, 52; speaks on Japanese ar Weymouth, Mass.: Wright's father at chitecture, 205 First Baptist Church of, 12; Wright, Frank Lloyd: and Abraham Lin Wright's residence in, 93, 201, coln Center, 32, 36-37, 41-49, 289 n52 72, 182-83, 266 n85, 267 n107, White, Charles E., Jr. (architect), 83, 87, 268 n108, 268-69 n110, 287 n40; 103, 105, 108, 120, 130, 133, on Adler, 295 n96; and Adler and 215, 220, 222, 280 n61, 284 n91, Sullivan, 265 n84, 290 n56, 299 n120, 309 n51 303 n8; and All Souls Church, 15, White, Stanford (architect), 306 n27 36, 271 n10; Annunciation Greek Whittier, John Greenleaf, 201, 331- Orthodox Church (Wauwatosa, 32 n55 Wis.), 244, 287 n38; "The Archi Wijdeveld, H. Th. (architect), 235, tect," 218, 221, 241; "The Art and 329 n30 Craft of the Machine," 111, 162, Williamson, William G. (architect), 71, 166-67; on art glass, 166-67, 276 n43 Ausgefuhrte Bauten (Wasmuth Wils, Jan (architect), 233-34, 235 Sonderheft), 87, 132, 227, 231, Winged Victory of Samothrace, 214, 322 n81; Ausgefuhrte Bauten und 322 n81 Entwurfe (Wasmuth Folio), 119, Winslow, William, 81 133, 221, 227, 325 n121; and Winslow House (River Forest, III.), 148, Henry W. Austin, 301 n155; An 211, 315 n155 Autobiography, 75, 93, 239, 240, Woodard, Charles S. (Unity Church 242; George Barton House (Buf trustee), 132, 195, 308 n51, falo, N.Y.), 287 n33; and Peter 316 n1 Behrens, 315 n152; Beth Shalom World's Columbian Exposition, 96; An Synagogue (Elkins Park, Pa.), 244; thropological Building, 209, 213, Richard W. Bock House and Stu 214, 321 n71; and International dio, Maywood, III. (project), Style, 240; Japanese exhibit at, 297 n98; B. Harley Bradley House 203, 204, 213; Manufactures and (Kankakee, III.), 315 n155; Ed Liberal Arts Building, 214; Mayan mund D. Brigham House (Glen- exhibit at, 209-10, 213, 321 n71 ; coe, III.), 294-95 n91; Charles A. Paul Mueller and, 304 n8; Palace Brown House (Evanston, III.), of Fine Arts, 214, 323 n83; and 315 n142; Harry E. Brown House, World's Parliament of Religions, Genesco, III. (project), 294 n91; 33, 271 n10 Browne's Bookstore (Chicago), World's Parliament of Religions: intel 322 n81; and Byzantine architec lectual background of, 202; and ture, 331 n47; on character in ar International Council of Religious chitecture, 218, 243, 245; Chicago Liberals, 320 n60; Japanese dele Screw Co. Factory (project), gates to, 203; Jenkin Lloyd Jones 283 n91; Christian Science helps to organize, 33; records of, Church, Bolinas, Calif, (project), 202 260 n38; and City Club of Chi Wren, Sir Christopher (architect), 93, cago, 327 n3; and classical sculp 289 n48 ture, 322 n81; on concrete, 108- Wright, Anna Lloyd: at Abraham Lin 09, 110-12, 142, 143-56, 246, coln Center, 49; on Emerson and 294-95 n91, 296 n98, 297- transcendentalists, 201; and Jenkin 98 n99, 305 n21, 306 n27, Lloyd Jones, 271 n10; trip to 307 n50; and conventionalization, Wales (1899), 26; and Unity 134-36, 152, 167, 188, 225, Church, 52, 201; and Frank Lloyd 302 n168, 302-03 n175, 332 n56; Wright, 262 n47 De Rhodes House (South Bend,

Ind.), 286-87 n33; Dutch re 319 n41; The Japanese Print, 134, sponses to, 230-35, 327 nn4 and 135; Johnson Wax Building, 239, 5, 328 n12; eclecticism of, 9-10, 248; and Jenkin Lloyd Jones, 12, 97, 208, 213, 245, 315 n152; 15-16, 32, 36-37, 40-49, Robert Evans House (Longwood, 271 n10; Larkin Building, 47, III.), 294 n91, 314 n142; E-Z Pol 113-14, 327 n5, 329 n30; and Le ish Factory (Chicago), 138, Corbusier, 147, 236, 329 n30; on 297 n98; "A Fireproof House for limitations in architecture, 74, 84- $5,000" (project), 296 n98; First 85, 117, 134, 135; and Lincoln, Unitarian Society (Madison, Wis.), 265 n83; Francis W. Little House 12, 244, 257 n15; and Froebel, (Wayzata, Minn.), 311 n99; and 88; Gale cottages (Whitehall, Lloyd George, 260 n38; and Lloyd Mich.), 314 n141; Thomas H. Jones family, 12-13; Warren Mac- Gale House (Oak Park), 72, Arthur, Sr., Apartment House, Chi 283 n89, 314 n141; Mrs. Thomas cago (project), 296 n98; and C. R. H. Gale House (Oak Park), 181- Mackintosh, 315 n152; Darwin 82, 313-14 nn139 and 141; Wal Martin House (Buffalo, N.Y.), ter Gale House (Oak Park), 72, 322 n81; and Mayan architecture, 283 n89; and William C. Gannett, 211 -12; method of design, 80, 83, 302 n175; and German exhibit, 87, 97, 120-21, 137, 186-87, Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. 240-41, 245-46, 287 nn38 and Louis (1904), 221, 325-26 n120; 39, 302-03 n175, 313 n129, and Gilbertxand Sullivan, 331 n48; Milwaukee Public Li 267 n106; E. C. Gilmore House brary and Museum (project), 214; (Madison, Wis.), 294 n91; on Modern Architecture, 237; and Gothic architecture, 213, 218; on modern European architects, 220, Greek architecture, 135, 213-14, 224, 230-34, 236, 237-42, 244, 218, 219, 220; and Greek sculp 325 n120, 329 n30, 330 n33; and ture, 214, 322 n81; Rev. Wil modern materials, 111, 162, 167, liam N. Guthrie House, Sewanee, 180, 231-32, 234, 310 n78; and Tenn. (project), 284 n94; Isadore Lewis Mumford, 330 n42; and The Heller House (Chicago), 87-88, Museum of Modern Art, 239, 288 n44; E. B. Henderson House 330 n33; on music and architec (Elmhurst, III.), 287 n33; Warren F. ture, 299 n117; and Nature, 12, Hickox House (Kankakee, III.), 125-26, 132-33, 182, 218, 234; 287 n33; Hills House (Oak Park), and nature of materials, 111, 121, 315 n142; Hillside Home School, 146, 152-54, 162, 167, 180, 234; 12-13, 22-25, 29-32, 261 nn43 and The New Edifice of Unity and 45; Home and Studio (Oak Church, 300 n142, 316 n1; New- Park), 83, 87, 128, 132, 183-84, mann Family Chapel, Cooksville, 258 n19, 271 n10, 322 n81; "A Wis. (project), 260 n38; on Oak Home in a Prairie Town," 158; Park's trees, 132; and J. M. P. D. Hoyt House (Geneva, III.), Olbrich, 221, 325 nn120 and 121, 315 n142; and Victor Hugo, 215- 329 n30; and organic form, 83, 16, 324 n96; Stephen M. B. Hunt 112-13, 121, 133, 171, 213, 241, House (La Grange, III.), 314 n142; 324 n111; on ornament, 134-35, Imperial Hotel (Tokyo), 304 n8, 150-52, 167, 176; Pebbles and 328 n24; on individuality in archi Balch Shop (Oak Park), 283 n89; tecture, 73, 113, 234, 240-41, and plasticity, 164, 176, 180-82, 243-46; and International Style, 192, 297-98 n99; and primitive 239-42, 244, 330 n42; and Japa architecture, 213; on principle and nese art, 88-89, 133-35, 203, style in architecture, 218; and pure 204, 213, 218, 289 n46, 309 n53, design, 88, 106-07; Quadruple

Block Plan (project), 284 n91; reli (1956), 260 n38; Two Lectures on gious beliefs of, 1,12; reputation Architecture, 237; and unit system of, 169, 192-93; residential archi of design, 120-26, 140, 156, 160, tecture of, 60, 68, 72-73, 78-79, 191; on unity of form, 234; and 104, 132, 148, 155, 156, 158-60, Unity Chapel, 17, 18, 22, 166, 170, 177, 183, 186-87, 219, 260 n36; and Unity Church, 52, 230, 242, 286-87 n33, 294- 72; and Unity Temple, 1 -2, 9-10, 95 n91, 302-03 n175, 309 n62, 74-75, 80-90, 92-93, 97-109, 312 n116, 313 n139, 314- 111-12, 115, 120-30, 134, 137- 15 n142; and Charles E. Roberts, 48, 152, 171-80, 182-89, 216, 72-73, 283-84 n91, 284 n94, 220, 221, 227, 305 n20, 285 n6; Robie House, 148, 324 n111, 329 n26; and Unity 312 n116; Romeo and Juliet Wind Temple, Wis. (project), 260 n38; at mill, 260 n34; St. Mark's in the University of Wisconsin, 12; urban Bouwerie, New York City (project), design of, 284 n91, 327 n3; and 284 n94; San Marcos in the De Viennese Secession, 221-22, sert, near Chandler, Ariz, (project), 325 n120; "A Village Bank" (proj 304 n8; and Scoville Park Foun ect), 297 n98; J. J. Walser House tain (Oak Park), 308-09 n51; and (Austin, III.), 287 n33; in Silsbee, 15-16, 258 n24; on sim Weymouth, Mass., 93, 201, plicity, 134; Sioux City, Iowa, Uni 289 n52; Winslow House, 148, tarian Chapel (project), 16, 211, 315 n155; on wood, 111, 259 n27; George Smith House 162-64, 165-66 (Oak Park), 72; on space in archi Wright, Henry, 248-49 tecture, 104, 108, 234-41, Wright, Jennie Lloyd, 52, 271 n10, 288 n44, 328 n24, 331 n47; G. C. 331-32 n55 Stockman House (Mason City, Wright, John Lloyd, 81 Iowa), 294 n91, 314-15 n142; Wright, Lloyd, 221, 249 and The Studio, 221, 315 n152; Wright, Maginel, 46, 49, 52, 271 n10 and Louis Sullivan, 240, 244, Wright, Rev. William C: at All Souls 268 nn108 and 110, 295 n96, Church, Chicago, 15; and Egypt, 331 n46; Harvey P. Sutton House 324 n100; at First Baptist Church, (McCook, Nebr.), 311 n99; Frank Weymouth, Mass., 12; library of, W. Thomas House (Oak Park), 321 n68; becomes a Unitarian, 12 276 n44; and tradition in architec Wright Home and Studio (Oak Park), ture, 218-20, 246, 327 n4; trip to 83, 87, 128, 132, 183-84, Europe (1909), 317 n19; trip to Ja 258 n19, 268-69 n110, 271 n10, pan (1905), 88, 149, 204, 322 n81 280 n61, 309 n53; trip to Wales