Studia Historica Europae Orientalis
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The Grand Duchy of Lithuania As a Successor of Rome in the Early
Open Political Science, 2018; 1: 170–181 Research Article Joanna Orzeł* From imagination to political reality? The Grand Duchy of Lithuania as a successor of Rome in the early modern historiography (15th–18th centuries)# https://doi.org/10.1515/openps-2018-0015 received December 17, 2018; accepted December 31, 2018. Abstract: At the beginning of the Renaissance Lithuanians understood that to join the civilization of Western Europe, it was necessary to have an appropriate (it means: very long) tradition. Like other countries, they had to create their own myth of origin. The most prestigious tradition was Greek-Roman antiquity, so the country’s origin story was invented, claiming its people descended directly from Rome. According to subsequent chronicles, the founder of the new state was Palemon (Publius Libon, initially Vilia). Using the theory of cultural memory of Jan and Aleida Assmann, the article presents how and why the Lithuanian myth of origin was transformed from 15th to the end of the 18th century. Particular attention was paid to the current needs of the state and the powerful noble families of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which also found their origins in the state myth. During the early modern period, the changes in the story were made (including the date of Palemon’s arrival in the Lithuanian lands). Nonetheless, the myth was not questioned for a long time. Even once it had already been established that it was no more than a fairy tale, the story was revived again, performing other functions in the 19th century. Keywords: cultural memory; foundation myth; mythical genealogy; Palemon; the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; Polish- Lithuanian historiography; Greco-Roman antiquity in early modern period. -
Titles, Seals and Coats of Arms As Symbols of Power and Importance of Lithuanian Dukes Before the Union of Lublin
ZAPISKI HISTORYCZNE — TOM LXXXII — ROK 2017 Zeszyt 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.15762/ZH.2017.06 JAKUB ROGULSKI (Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Titles, Seals and Coats of Arms as Symbols of Power and Importance of Lithuanian Dukes Before the Union of Lublin Keywords: middle ages, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, parallel branches of a ruling house, dukes, demonstration of power, titulature, sigillography, heraldry Introduction The symbols1 of power and importance of Lithuanian dukes before the Union of Lublin have not become a separate subject of historians’ studies so far. In the historiography the largest attention has been drawn to the demon stration of power of the grand dukes of Lithuania, especially from the Jagiel lonian dynasty.2 Meanwhile, the signs which served to display the power or significance of other Lithuanian dukes have been raised incidentally and se lectively. The reason could be that in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania there 1 A symbol is understood in a way proposed by Charles S. Peirce, i.e. a material object which stands for or suggests something else (another object, idea, meaning, belief, action etc.) only on the basis of social convention, in contrast to the iconic sign based on similarity, and the indexical sign based on material contact: Charles Sanders Peirce, The Essential Peirce: Selected Philosophical Writings, Bloomington (Indiana) 1998, p. 9. As this kind of sign will be the main subject of the following analysis, the word “symbol” will be further used interchangeably with the word “sign.” 2 See: Ryszard Kiersnowski, Godła Jagiellońskie, Wiadomości Numizmatyczne, vol. 2: 1988, pp. -
Bogurodzica Song
History of the Origin of the Bogurodzica Song. A Musical Monument of 1407 Ivan KUZMINSKYI History of the Origin of the Bogurodzica Song. A Musical Monument of 1407 Giesmės „Bogurodzica“ kilmė – 1407 m. muzikinis paminklas Ukraine P. Tchaikovsky National Academy of Music, ul. Architektora Gorodeckogo 1-3/11, 01001 Kyiv, Ukraine Email [email protected] Abstract In Polish musical historiography, the song Bogurodzica is considered to be the oldest artifact of Polish song culture written in a staff notation. This article attempts to study the history of this song’s emergence and distribution not only against the background of Polish musical culture of the late 14th– early 15th centuries, but also under the conditions of the Kievan Rus’ and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Firstly, the article presents the main written sources of the Bogurodzica in the 15th–16th centuries and analyzes the title, verbal text and the plot of the Bogurod- zica as well as the origins of the melody. Secondly, the text focuses on Ruthenian Court Musicians of the King Władysław II Jagiełło, musical contacts between the courts of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas and the great masters of the Teutonic Order, the place and meaning of the Mother of God churches in the Kievan Rus’, battle prayers to the Mother of God in the Ruthenian princely environment, singing to the Mother of God before battle in the Kievan Rus’ and the Ruthenian cult of the Mother of God in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. This research provides new grounds to consider the Bogurodzica as a piece of work of the ancient Ruthenian culture and suggests that eventually it could be included into the contemporary musical historiography of Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania. -
Studia Historica 5.Indd
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «РЕСПУБЛИКАНСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЫ» КАФЕДРА ИСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ БЕЛАРУСИ STUDIA HISTORICA EUROPAE ORIENTALIS ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПО ИСТОРИИ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ Научный сборник Основан в 2008 году ВЫПУСК 5 МИНСК РИВШ 2012 pawet.net УДК 94(4-11)(082) ББК 63.3(0)4 И87 Рекомендовано Советом Государственного учреждения образования «Республиканский институт высшей школы» (протокол № 24-11 от 6 ноября 2012 г.) Редакционная коллегия А.В. Мартынюк – кандидат исторических наук, отв. редактор (Минск) Г.Я. Голенченко – доктор исторических наук, зам. отв. редактора (Минск) О.А. Яновский – кандидат исторических наук, зам. отв. редактора (Минск) Ю.Н. Бохан – доктор исторических наук (Минск) М. Вайерс – доктор исторических наук (Бонн) З. Вайтковяк – доктор исторических наук (Познань) В.А. Воронин – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) Л.В. Левшун – кандидат филологических наук (Минск) А.А. Любая – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) А.В. Любый – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) И.А. Марзалюк – доктор исторических наук (Могилев) Н.В. Николаев – доктор филологических наук (Санкт-Петербург) А. Рахуба – доктор исторических наук (Варшава) В.А. Теплова – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) В.А. Федосик – доктор исторических наук (Минск) А.И. Филюшкин – доктор исторических наук (Санкт-Петербург) А.Л. Хорошкевич – доктор исторических наук (Москва) В. Янкаускас – доктор истории (Каунас) Studia Historica Europae Orientalis = Исследования по истории И87 Восточной Европы : науч. сб. Вып. 5. – Минск : РИВШ, 2012. – 244 с. В научном сборнике представлены актуальные исследования белорусских и зарубежных ученых, посвященные широкому кругу проблем истории Восточной Европы в Средние века и раннее Новое время. Сборник включен ВАК Республики Беларусь в перечень научных изданий для опубликования результатов диссертаци- онных исследований по историческим наукам. Адресуется студентам, аспирантам, преподавателям и научным работникам, а также всем, кто интересуется историей восточных славян. -
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virtus 27 virtus Valbijl of vangnet? Natuurmonumenten, de adel en de verwerving van 9 landgoederen en buitenplaatsen, 1905-1980 Michiel Purmer Class, gender and national identity. Music-making in eighteenth-century 33 Dutch noble homes virtus Joris van Son Insignia Summorum Principum. Using symbols of power in pursuit of higher 55 27 2020 rank and status by German prince-electors and Polish-Lithuanian princes Jakub Rogulski Dossier Adellijke Vrouwen ‘Defending the castle like a man’: on belligerent medieval ladies 79 27 2020 Elizabeth den Hartog | Belle van Zuylen: schrijfster van adel, over de adel. Haar correspondentie 99 digitaal beschikbaar Suzan van Dijk Een ruk naar Brits. De internationale politiek van Anna van Hannover, 1756-1757 115 Simone Nieuwenbroek 9 789087 049249 9789087049249.pcovr.Virtus2020.indd Alle pagina's 11-02-2021 15:19 pp. 55-78 | Insignia Summorum Principum Jakub Rogulski Insignia Summorum Principum Using symbols of power in pursuit of higher rank and status by German prince-electors and Polish-Lithuanian princes* 55 The Comparatio of 1680 In 1680 an anonymous political author, presenting himself as ‘Polonus Borussus’ (a Polish Prussian), composed a political treatise called Comparatio of the Polish and Lithuanian freedom with the freedom of foreign sovereign princes, namely of the Ho- ly Roman Empire.1 In this short Polish text, he investigated similarities between Pol ishLithuanian nobles and German imperial princes (actually the princeelectors2) in terms of the social and political status they enjoyed in their respective countries. First, he discussed prerogatives which, in his opinion, provided the German electors with the greatest independence among all European noblemen. -
The Catholicization of Pokutia: Ethno-Confessional and Historical Myth of the Ukrainian Historiography
SOCIETY, RELIGIONS, CONFLICTS THE CATHOLICIZATION OF POKUTIA: ETHNO-CONFESSIONAL AND HISTORICAL MYTH OF THE UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY Volodymyr VELYKOCHYI, Myroslav VOLOSHCHUK Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This article is devoted to the issue of the so-called “Catholicism” (ritus latini) on the territory of ethnographic and historical region of Pokutia in the 11th–18st centuries. It refutes the thesis common in Soviet and, at times, in Ukrainian historiography concerning the forcible “catholicization” of the local population during the period of gradual incorporation of these lands by the Kingdom of Poland. The authors provide the timelines of the Western Church influence on Galicia, and at the same time on Pokutia. The systematic inclusion of the above lands under the Polish rule didn’t happen until 1531, after the victory over Moldavian troops in the Battle of Obertyn. The process of the so-called “catholicization” lasted until the first partition of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1772, when the new Austrian administration, led by Emperor Joseph II, liquidated monastic centers of all ranks due to the widespread 18th century ideas of Enlightenment. Keywords: Catholicization, Pokutia, myth, Ukrainian, historiography, Galicia, Poland, church, monastery Rezumat: Catolicizarea Pocuției: un mit istoric și etno-confesional al istoriografiei ucrainene. Articolul analizează chestiunea catolicismului (ritus latini) în spațiul geografic al regiunii istorico-etnografice Pocuția, în secolele XI-XVIII. Se respinge ideea încetățenită în istoriografia sovietică și prezentă, uneori, în istoriografia ucraineană, privitoare la „catolicizarea” forțată a populației locale în timpul încorporării progresive a ținutului în cadrul Regatului Poloniei. -
The Russian Aid to Byzantium During the Turkish Siege of Constantinople, 1394–1402
The Russian Aid to Byzantium during the Turkish Siege of Constantinople, 1394–1402 Jan Brandejs After their first successful conquest of Gallipoli in 1354 and more importantly of Kar- asi emirate in 1361, the Ottoman Turks took advantage of their position on frontiers between Christian and Muslim world and started conducting invasions on European soil, enjoying the instability of many Balkan states. Indeed, within just one lifetime OPEN ACCESS the Ottomans became a force to be reckoned with, growing from vassalizing numer- ous local princes or outright taking their territory.1 The Byzantine Empire, seriously weakened by reoccurring civil wars and Black Death outbreak in preceding decades, could not hope to sustain a viable defence. Bulgaria was split among several succes- sor states and a similar fate struck the Serbian state after the death of Emperor Ste- fan Uroš Dušan IV in 1355. The death of Ottoman sultan Murad before the battle of Kosovo against remaining Serbian princes in 1389 proved inconsequential, as his son 1 In his brief yet excellent outline, Ibrahim Metin Kunt argues that the whole Ottoman ex- pansion was not the so-called holy war, or jihad, as it is often portrayed in both current and classic historiography. It seems to be rather a series of semi-independent ventures conducted by local commanders in search of plunder, particularly those that Ottomans inherited after their conquest of Karasi dynasty. These people were already familiar with geographical features of eastern Balkans and particularly experienced in both military operations and raids for resources. As their incursions went further and further and they encountered limited resistance, the area of constant warfare moved to the west and was replaced by regular Ottoman administration, often aiming to establish itself not only in newly acquired lands but also in struggle with the semi-independent chieftains and com- manders who were conducting the raids in the first place. -
Remembering the Jagiellonians Natalia Nowakowska
2019 VI Remembering the Jagiellonians Natalia Nowakowska (ed.) London: Routledge, 2019 Review by: Agata Zielinska Review: Remembering the Jagiellonians Remembering the Jagiellonians. Edited by Natalia Nowakowska. London: Routledge, 2019. ISBN 978-1-138-56240-0. viii + 260 pp. £29.99. n the sixteenth century, the Jagiellonians ruled lands corresponding to sixteen current European countries, yet this is the first ever book in English dedicated to this powerful family. It is invaluable, as the I contributors draw on primary sources and historiography that are otherwise inaccessible to an Anglophone audience. Remembering the Jagiellonians sheds light onto the complex history of a dynasty that became celebrated in some countries, vilified in others, and forgotten elsewhere. Natalia Nowakowska’s introduction sketches the history of the Jagiellonian dynasty. Following this timeline, the focus of the volume is explained in detail: it is not a chronological narrative of the dynasty. Instead, Remembering the Jagiellonians answers questions about the dynasty’s legacies across Europe, as developed from the sixteenth century until today. By focusing on memory and memorialisation, the contributors provide an analysis rich in both depth and breadth of how different communities shaped their Jagiellonian heritage. This provides a venue for comparison much more fruitful than side-by-side accounts of the doings of the Jagiellonians themselves. Following the introduction, the chapters are divided by modern national boundaries. Each chapter introduces the beginnings of Jagiellonian presence, the earliest memorialisation and historicization of their reigns, and later historiographical developments, and concludes with forays into present- day group memory and popular culture. This volume is as much about the present as it is about the past. -
Rossica Antiqua
ROSSICA ANTIQUA. 2013 (1) _________________________________ ROSSICA ANTIQUA ______________________________________________________ 2013 № 1 (7) ISSN 2222-9027 _____________________________________ Содержание В. М. Ляска. «…земля Божия и твоя и городи твои…»: Всеволожская волость князя Владимира Васильковича (историко-археологическое исследование ).…………………….…………………………………………….…3 Мартин Димник. Борьба за Галич между Даниилом Романовичем и Михаилом Всеволодовичем (1235 – 1245 гг.). .….…………………………….55 М. М. Волощук. О вопросе идентификации «прозванных Русскими» в королевстве Венгрия XIV в. Magister Nicolaus «dictus» Orrus de genere Pech. ………………………………………………………………….…104 С. Н. Азбелев. Редкая разновидность русских источников. …….……133 И. Ю. Папа. Источники о генеалогии княжеского рода Сангушков: факты versus легенды. ………………………………………………………174 Рецензии М. М. Волощук. Русский след в борьбе за австрийское герцогство в 1246–1278 гг. [Рец. на кн.:] Mika Norbert. Walka o spadek po Babenbergach w latach 1246–1278. Racibórz: Wydawnictwo a Agencja Informacyjna WAW Grzegorz Wawocny, 2008. 136 s. (Мика Норберт. Борьба за наследство по Бабенбергах в 1246–1278 годах. Рацибуж, 2008. 136 с.). …………………..208 С. Б. Чебаненко. Новейшие исследования по истории русского права [Рец. на кн.:] Оспенников Ю. В. Правовая традиция Северо-Западной Руси XII-XV вв. М.: Юрлитформ, 2011. 408 с. …………………………………….219 Contents …………………......……………………………………………..231 1 ROSSICA ANTIQUA. 2013 (1) Редакционная коллегия: Ю. Г. Алексеев (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) Л. В. Войтович (Львов, Украина) А. Ю. Дворниченко (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) Дариуш Домбровский (Торунь, Польша) Е. Л. Конявская (Москва, Россия) А. В. Майоров, ответственный редактор (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) член-корреспондент НАН Украины А. П. Моця (Киев, Украина) член-корреспондент РАН Е. Н. Носов (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) Г. М. Прохоров (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) член-корреспондент РАН Б. Н. Флоря (Москва, Россия) академик РАН В. Л. Янин (Москва, Россия) _________________________________________________________________ Rossica antiqua. -
Die Großfürstentümer Litauen Und Moskau Im Ringen Um Das Erbe Der Kiewer Rus‘
Die Großfürstentümer Litauen und Moskau im Ringen um das Erbe der Kiewer Rus‘ Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Magisters der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Michael KASER am Institut für Geschichte Begutachter: Harald Heppner Ao.Univ.-Prof. Dr.h.c.mult. Dr.phil. Graz, 2013 Inhaltsverzeichnis Danksagung S. 4 Vorwort S. 5 1.Einleitung S. 6 2. Landschaft und Sprache 2.1. Landschaftliche Gliederung Litauens S. 8 2.2. Sprache S. 9 2.3. Vor- und frühgeschichtliche Entwicklung S. 11 3. Historisches Umfeld 3.1. Die Kiewer Rus„ 3.1.1. Zur Bezeichnung „Rus'“ und der legendären Gründung des Kiewer Reiches S. 16 3.1.2. Die Kiewer Rus„ bis zum Einfall der Mongolen S. 18 3.1.3. Der Einfall der Mongolen S. 28 3.1.4. Kriegszüge nach dem Tode Dschingis Khans S. 30 3.2. Der Deutsche Orden 3.2.1. Gründung im Heiligen Land S. 35 3.2.2. Engagement an der Ostsee S. 36 3.3.3. Die „Preußenreisen“ S. 39 3.3. Moskau 3.3.1. Der Aufstieg Moskaus S. 41 3.3.2. Tver„ und Moskau S. 42 3.3.3. Die Schlacht am Kulikovo Pole S. 47 4. Litauen 4.1. Litauen im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert S. 49 4.2. Erste Herrschaftsbildung und Königtum 4.2.1. Herkunft Mindaugas„ S. 53 4.2.2. Die Einigung Litauens S. 55 4.2.3. Taufe Mindaugas„ und Kirchenorganisation in Litauen S. 59 4.2.4. Das kurzlebige litauische Königreich S. 63 4.2.5. Der Kampf Ņemaitens gegen den Deutschen Orden S. -
125 Yanina Ryier the RULER and the SOCIETY in MEDIEVAL
21. Bochan JU. M., Ciemušaŭ S. M. Historyja Bielarusi sa staražytnych časoŭ da kanca XV st. Častka 2: Vučebny dapamožnik dlia 6 klasa ŭstanoŭ ahuĺnaj siaredniaj adukacyi z bielaruskaj movaj navučannia. Minsk: Vydaviecki centr BDU, 2016. 146 s. 22. Historyja Bielarusi: dapamožnik. U 4 č. Č. 1. Ad staražytnych čsaoŭ da siaredziny XV st. / P. I. Bryhadzin [i inš.]; pad red. P. I. Bryhadzina, A. H. Kachanoŭskaha. S. M .Chodzina. Minsk : BDU, 2018. 351 s. 23. Čaropka V. Uladary Vialikaha kniastva. 2-je vyd., papr. Minsk: Bielaruś, 2007. 608 s. 24. Čaropko V. K. Vielikije kniaźja Vielikoho Kniažjestva Litovskoho. 2-je izd., ispr. Minsk: Bielaruś, 2013. 264 s. 25. Arloŭ U., Hierasimovič Z. Iliustravanaja historyja. Kraina Bielaruś. Vialikaje Kniastva Litoŭskaje. Bracislava: Kalligram, 2012. 402 s. PhD, Lehrbeauftragte Mogilev State University named after A. Kuleshov Mogilev, Belarus [email protected] Yanina Ryier THE RULER AND THE SOCIETY IN MEDIEVAL EASTERN EUROPE IN 10TH–14TH CC.: ABOUT THE MECHANISMS OF POWER LEGITIMIZATION AND SACRALIZATION ПРАВИТЕЛЬ И ОБЩЕСТВО В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЕ В 10–14 ВВ.: О МЕХАНИЗМАХ ЛЕГИТИМИЗАЦИИ И САКРАЛИЗАЦИИ ВЛАСТИ Summary: The article deals with the main mechanisms of power legitimization and sacralization in Medieval states of Eastern Europe. The analysis of a ruler`s power based on personal qualities and sacrality is given. The author pays the great attention to administrative, political, military abilities of the Princes of Rus` and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the process of power institutionalization in comparison with the same processes in Medieval Western Europe. Theoretical aspects of power legitimacy are analyzed. Key words: ruler, society, power, legitimization, duke, king, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Belarusian lands. -
Constructing Community In
Miraslau Shpakau THE ROMAN MYTH: CONSTRUCTING COMMUNITY IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY LITHUANIA MA Thesis in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Central European University Budapest CEU eTD Collection May 2016 THE ROMAN MYTH: CONSTRUCTING COMMUNITY IN SIXTEENTH- CENTURY LITHUANIA by Miraslau Shpakau (Belarus) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ CEU eTD Collection Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner Budapest May 2016 THE ROMAN MYTH: CONSTRUCTING COMMUNITY IN SIXTEENTH- CENTURY LITHUANIA by Miraslau Shpakau (Belarus) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2016 THE ROMAN MYTH: CONSTRUCTING COMMUNITY IN SIXTEENTH- CENTURY LITHUANIA by Miraslau Shpakau (Belarus) Thesis submitted