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1994Vol14no.1

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1994Vol14no.1 SABAHGOES TO THE POLLS Elections will be held in Sabah sixteen months ahead of time. How will the PBS fare ? Or will the !Th-INO-led BN coalition form the next government ? In this article FRANCIS LOH explores the significance of recent events and offers a guide to help understand what will certainly be a keen contest. e Sabah State Assembly wa'> rapidly worsened after that. In issolved on to January 1994, January 1991 Pairin wa' charged on 16 months belore it-. tenn ex­ three ~·ounts nf corruptum. In May, pires. Nominations will be on 7 Ius brother Jeffrey Kitingan wa' abo I cbru.tf) ami the elections .,.. ill take detained under the ISA, a<; were place on 1~ and 19 february. Ac­ o;everal other a..des. Earlier in cording to the Elcctiom. Commission. February, UMNO (United Malays <;OJDe 598.312 registered voters will Natrona! Organi)oation), and later he eligible to cast their votes. MCA (Malaysian Chrnese As~x:ia­ At stake will be 48 of the 54 -.cats lJOn) a' well. 'ct up branches in the in the Sabah Assembly In the 1990 ~tate Together with several Sabah­ elections. Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS) based parties they waited and won 36 of these -;cats. Twelve others Joseph Peirin Kltlngen in ethnic gear: planned for the PBS' ouster rn the were won by United Sabah National More end more, PBS is forced to next polls. There wa., talk even then Organisation (USNO). (Six other become • Kadlzen-Dusun party. of impending elections M eanwhile, pcr..ons arc nominated) the PBS state government introduced an "anti-hop " law, borrowed from norsening F ederal-Stpte Elections Sarawak, which prevented the USNO assemblymen from crossing the floor to join LIMNO en masse. Only USNO At that point 10 July 1990. the PBS was still a member leac!er, Tun Datu Mustapha did. He challenged the law of th~ Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition Just prior to the as unconstitutional and subsequently won in court elections, sever.~! PRS leaders were detained under the ISA on a charge of promoting Sabah' s secession. During PBS Internal Struggles the campaign Sabah state rifhts emerged as the principal Rumours of impending elections again made the issue. By the end of the year PBS was out of the RN. Its rounds in mid-19')2 followjng PRS party elections in withdrawal on the eve of the October 1990 general elec ­ July At that point. the PBS appeared split right down the r ion~ was cons1dercJ ··a .. tab in the bad." hy the Pnme centre. In om: ~:amp were gathered the so culled ··radi Minister Dr Mahatlur. cals" led by Bernard Dompok. Yong Teck Lee and Laji m Relations bct"'een Kuala Lumpur and Kola Kinab<Jlu Sabah Goes to the Polls ... 2; Obituary: K Das 1929-1993 ... 6; Irresponsible Public Statements ... 13; Hotel Metropole: Now you see it, now you don't ... 16; Heart to Hpart: Slumming it out ... 19; Thinking Allowed ... 20; letters ... 23; The Condo Tragedy: Between Hysteria and Amnesia ... 30; The Malaysian Parliament: More questions than answers ... 32; Current Concerns ... 34; Evidence Mounting Against Samy? ...40 Aliran Motlllt(v 1994:14 (I) Pagf! 2 Hj Okin, in the other the so-called "moderates" led by Then on 20 January, Datuk Yong Teck Lee, one of Joseph Kurup, Chau Tet Onn and Ahmad Baharom Titin­ three Sabah deputy chief ministers. :1nd PBS's deputy gan. DatuJ... JoM:ph Pairin Kitingan, the party chief and president representmg the Chinese, resigned from the Chief t.finister assumed a neutral position. The radtcals party. Apparently he had not been cono,ufted on the final won. Apparently, they pressured Pairin to reshuffle the line up of candidates and prote~ted ag:un-,t '<ltne of his cabinet. But there was fear that such a reshuffle would supporters being dropped. His new p<trt)'. Sabah Progres­ cause the modemtes to leave the party as they were being sive Party (SAPP), whose registration was quickly encouraged to do so by the BN parties. In the event there facilitated by the Registrar of Soc1ct1CS (m contrast to the wa-; no cabinet reshuffle. Pairin called upon all to close delay in attending to USNO's appeal against deregistra­ ranks which apparently they did. tion) has attracted the support of se'.eral other PBS Then. quite unexpectedly, the PBS forged a coalition Chinese leaders including t\.\.0 .MPs (Philip Yong and government with five USNO assemblymen in April Geoffrey Yee) and three other Assemhly men (Paul Wong 1993. Following USNO's deregistration, the coalition Kau Sai, Tan Kit Sher and Tham Ny1p Shcn) became known as PBS-Plus, pending USNO's appeal to However, m launching his party. Yong declared that the Registrar of Societies. The remaining seven USNO he had left PBS after he realised the need for reconcilia­ representatives then announced they had joined UMNO. tion between the federal and state governments so as to Once agatn, speculation was rife that elections would be held soon. Again, the rumour proved false. Seen from this perspective, Sabahans have an­ ticipated snap elections for quite sometime now. However, its particular timing around the Chinese New Year festive period and just :IS the Muslim fasting sea.,on begins has caught many by surprise. Surprises Many significant and often surprising event-; have occurred since the dissolution of the Sabah Assembly too. Not unexpectedly, Pairin was con­ victed by the Borneo High Court on a charge of corruption on 17 January. But the fineofRM1800 was a bit of a -;urprise. Under the Federal and State Constitution!>, tho..e convicted of a criminl offence and fined more than RM2000 orjailed for more than Sabah registered among the lowest economic growth rates in a year arc d1squalified from bcmg MPs or State the 90s. Assemblymen. Since the tine has been settled, Pairin is eligible to run for ofticc again. bring Sabah into the mainstream of development. SAPP Two days later his brother Datuk Jeffrey Kitingan would therefore appl)' to join the BN. \vhich in turn h<ts returned to Sabah after he was relea..ed unconditionally quickly welcomed Yong and hi'> fnend~ Nm least. Pairin from his t\.\.o-year restricted restdence in Seremban; those has expressed his surprise at Yong· s ~oltc face. For it 1s '""ell known. including among BN leader~. that Yong \\o<l'> restrictions h:~d been impo~ upon his release from detention under the Internal Security Act a month ago. one of the "rad1cals" who had pu.,heJ h:~rdcst for PRS' This development allows him to contest the forthcoming pullout from the BN in 1990. election too, which he ha-; stated he is interested in doing For a while it :!ppt:arcd that a second deputy chief so. minister and deputy chief of PBS. Datul Bernard Dom­ On the \ame day, 19 January. Tun Datu Mustapha, pok, would be challenged by DJtul Clar.:nce Bongl-.o.., who had been appointed Federal Minister for Sabah Malakun. a PBS VICe president. Donpol,like Yong. had Affairs by Kunia Lumpur after the PBS-USNO coalition al~o played a major role in persuadmg the party to quit the BN coalitiOn In the event. thinp did not come to a wa-; forged 1n Kota Kinabalu, rc~igned from the cabinet and from UMNO as well. He cited differences between head. Malakun was persuaded to bal'J... do\lo n. himself and "oportunistic localle:~ders". This was a slap The Issues: Delineation of Electoral in the face for UMNO Sabah leaders who had con lidcntly Boundaries claimed up till the eve of Mustapha' s announcement, that he wa<> gomg to contest against h1s son Datuk Amir Kahar \Vhat are the is-.ues of contention in thi~ eleLtion '! (who had led USNO into coahuon with PBS) for the Pairin ha'> o,tated that the major rc;~~on for calling the Banggi seat. polls early is the on going constituency delineation excr- Aliran Monthly 1994:14 (1) Page 3 cise. Going to the polls, he stated, would "allow the that the propo'ied new boundaries would be ready for people to express their concerns, views and opinions tabling in parhament in April 1994. Anticipating that through the ballot box on the proposed changes to the most of their objections would not be heeded, the PBS existing state and parliamentary boundaries in Sabah". had thus called for early elections so as to benefit from The Elections Commission's proposals (\\hich s1mply the existing electoral boundanes, as well as to make an needs to be passed in parliament since it does not involve electoral issue of the proposed ones. the creation of new constituencies) would have made it Other issues the PBS might highlight are state rights, extremly difficult for the PBS to win any future elections. domination by Kuala Lumpur via UMNO, the politically For, according to the1r calculations, the exerci'>e would motivated charges against PBS leaders, sluggish growth result in the creation of 28 Muslim bumiputera majority due to a shortage of federal funds being channelled to the seats, 12 non-Muslim bumiputera majority seats, 7 state government and its disbursement via the Federal Chinese majority seat~;, and one other "mixed" wherein Development Office instead, Kadazan-Dusun unity, etc. no etl}nic group would have a majority. For the 1985 and 1986 elections, the constituencies The Issues: Development via the BN were understood The BN parties are likely to make development their to be divided into major issue. It is obvious that Sabah's economic perfor­ 17 Muslim mance ha" been -.luggish. Whereas the rest of the country bumiputera has been experiencing an average of 8-9 percent growth majority seats, 17 over the past four years, Sabah has averaged some 4 non-Mu'>lim percent only.
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