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A Political Philosophy of Modernity Autonomy In and Between Polities: A Political Philosophy of Modernity Gerard Rosich ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB. No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación de la tesis como a sus contenidos. En la utilización o cita de partes de la tesis es obligado indicar el nombre de la persona autora. WARNING. On having consulted this thesis you’re accepting the following use conditions: Spreading this thesis by the TDX (www.tdx.cat) service and by the UB Digital Repository (diposit.ub.edu) has been authorized by the titular of the intellectual property rights only for private uses placed in investigation and teaching activities. Reproduction with lucrative aims is not authorized nor its spreading and availability from a site foreign to the TDX service or to the UB Digital Repository. Introducing its content in a window or frame foreign to the TDX service or to the UB Digital Repository is not authorized (framing). Those rights affect to the presentation summary of the thesis as well as to its contents. In the using or citation of parts of the thesis it’s obliged to indicate the name of the author. Autonomy In and Between Polities: A Political Philosophy of Modernity PhD Dissertation Gerard Rosich Supervisors: Fina Birulés Bertran and Peter Wagner Tutor: Fina Birulés Bertran Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Filosofia Departament d’Història de la Filosofia, Estètica i Filosofia de la Cultura Programa de Doctorat: Filosofia: Història, Estètica i Antropologia RD 778/1998, bienni: 2003/2005 Version: 14/09/2015 1 2 Contents Autonomy In and Between Polities: A Political Philosophy of Modernity ............... 1 Preface ............................................................................................................................. 7 a) Opening ................................................................................................................. 7 b) Summary of Chapters .......................................................................................... 10 c) Methodological approach .................................................................................... 15 1. Introduction: Paradoxes of Modernity as Globalization ................................... 23 1.1. The Tensions in the Present ............................................................................. 23 1.2. The Immediate Answer: Modernity as Globalization ...................................... 29 Part I: Modernity and Globality ................................................................................. 41 2. Globalization and History .................................................................................... 43 2.1. Early Modern Times ........................................................................................ 45 2.2. A Universal History ......................................................................................... 49 2.3. The Hegelian Turn ........................................................................................... 54 3. Globalization and Space ....................................................................................... 65 3.1. Historical Distance ........................................................................................... 65 3.2. Epistemic Space ............................................................................................... 70 3.3. Legal Space ...................................................................................................... 75 4. Varieties of Modernity .......................................................................................... 83 4.1. The Persistence of Facts .................................................................................. 84 4.2. Conceptual Shortcomings ................................................................................ 90 4.3. Pluralizing Modernity ...................................................................................... 93 4.4. The 21 st Century ............................................................................................. 102 Part II: Towards a Political Philosophy of Modernity ............................................ 111 5. Modernity and the Political ................................................................................ 113 5.1. A Political Genealogy .................................................................................... 113 5.2. A New Period? ............................................................................................... 118 5.3. Cosmopolitanism as Individualism ................................................................ 127 6. Modernity and Democracy ................................................................................. 133 6.1. Interpretations of the Modern Democratic Imaginary ................................... 133 6.2. The Challenges to Democracy ....................................................................... 139 6.3. Inter-democratic Relations ............................................................................. 145 7. Modernity as Autonomy ..................................................................................... 149 7.1. Autonomy: In Which State? .......................................................................... 149 7.2. Independence and Autonomy ........................................................................ 160 3 7.3. Concept of Autonomy .................................................................................... 163 7.4. Modern Inescapability from the Self(-ves) .................................................... 169 Part III: A Politico-conceptual History of Autonomy ............................................. 181 8. The Greek Invention of Autonomy .................................................................... 183 8.1. Origins of the Concept of Autonomy ............................................................ 183 8.2. Meanings of the Concept of Autonomy ......................................................... 187 8.2.1. Autonomy and Eleutheria ...................................................................... 190 8.2.2. Autonomy and Dependence ................................................................... 192 8.2.3. Autonomy is “living under one’s own laws”.......................................... 195 8.2.4. Autonomy and Independence ................................................................. 197 9. The Modern Reinterpretation of Autonomy .................................................... 199 10. The Conceptual History of Autonomy .............................................................. 207 10.1. Freistellung as αὐτονοµία .......................................................................... 207 10.2. αὐτονοµία as populus potestas ................................................................... 214 11. Autonomy and Empire ....................................................................................... 227 11.1. A Moment of Crisis and Uncertainties ....................................................... 227 11.2. The Political Reform of the Empire ........................................................... 231 11.3. The Religious Reform of the Empire ......................................................... 234 11.4. The Open Settlement .................................................................................. 245 12. Autonomy as Modernity ..................................................................................... 251 12.1. Autonomy as Interpretation of the Peace ................................................... 251 12.2. Sovereignty and Autonomy ........................................................................ 257 13. Conclusion: Historicizing Political Modernity ................................................. 269 13.1. Autonomy as a Political Concept ............................................................... 271 13.2. The Subject of Autonomy .........................................................................
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