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George I Slides 3 2020 23/12/2020 Hanover in 1714- 1727. Brunswick Wolfenbüttel claimed by George in 1701 near the start of the Great Northern War and Bremen and Verden acquired from Sweden in 1719 towards the end of the war. George’s brother Ernest was Bishop of Osnabruck 1715-1728 1 2 Ernest Augustus, George’s youngest brother and closest supporter who fought with him at Neerwinden in 1693 and served in the War of the Spanish Succession at the siege of Lille in Melusine von der Schulenburg 1667-1743, Sophia von Platen 1675-1725, wife of Baron 1708. In 1709 he heard Handel’s Agrippina in Venice and persuaded him to move to Hanover. Duchess of Munster (1716), Duchess of Johann von Kielmansegge (married 1701, When George succeeded in 1714 he acted as regent in Hanover and guardian of Prince Kendal (1719) and Princess of Eberstein died 1717), Countess of Leinster (1721) and Frederick. He succeeded as Bishop of Osnabruck in 1715. He visited England in 1716 when he (1723). “The Scarecrow”, “The Maypole” or Countess of Darlington (1722). “The was made Duke of York and in 1718 to be invested as a KG. “The Goose”. George’s mistress. Elephant and Castle”. George’s half-sister. 3 4 Lionel Sackville who informed George he had succeeded and carried the sceptre at the Coronation and was created Groom of the Stole. He was created Duke of Dorset in 1720 and became Lord Steward in 1725 in Walpole’s Government. He also served in George II’s administrations Britannia offering George the crown by John Vanderbank Print by Michiel van der Gucht 5 6 1 23/12/2020 The Peregrine and other royal vessels off Greenwich by Jan Griffier I c 1710. Griffier came to London from Holland c 1708 and died here in 1718 where his sons Jan II and Robert continued to paint. 7 8 View of London from Greenwich by Peter Tillemans c 1730. Born in Flanders, Tillemans settled in England in 1708 and became one of the founders of a school of sporting art but also painted landscapes. George wanted to arrive at Harwich and travel quietly to London but was View of London from Greenwich by Jan Griffier I persuaded to arrive at Greenwich in order for crowds to gather to see him. 9 10 Charles II block Greenwich Painted Hall Greenwich 11 12 2 23/12/2020 Song from Thomas D’Urfey’s Pills To Purge The Melancholy Thornhill’s Sketch for George I’s Arrival at Greenwich 13 14 15 16 17 18 3 23/12/2020 Thornhill’s sketches for the murals 19 20 George and family in the Painted Hall Greenwich Naval College by James Thornhill 21 22 Arrival at St James’s 1714 After 2 days at Greenwich George and his son processed to London London had a population of about 600,000 compared to 10,000 in Hanover. London had caught with 206 coaches in a journey that took several hours along streets lined with crowds up Paris and would soon over take it. Britain had a population of 8.6m compared to France 20m. estimated at 1.5 million eager to see the new king. 23 24 4 23/12/2020 Jan Griffier View of London across from Lambeth Palace View of London from Horseferry by Jan Griffier I 1710 25 26 Medal celebrating Naval Supremacy by John Croker Medal celebrating George’s arrival in 1714 by John Croker Great Seal Medal by Ehrenreich Hannibal 1714 27 28 Medal by John Croker Medal by Nicolaus Seelander 1714 Jean Dassier George by Fountaine 1725 29 30 5 23/12/2020 Hans Sloane’s portrait of George on a walnut shell, British Museum Bust by Le Marchand, V&A Bust by Nost, V&A 31 32 Snuff Box by John Croker, BM Follower of Christian Friedrich Zincke Bernard Lens 33 34 David Le Marchand 1720 Terracotta by Rysbrack, NPG Studio of Kneller 1718 35 36 6 23/12/2020 Ludolf Lafontaine c 1727 Rysbrack, Courtauld Institute 37 38 John Vanderbank 1726 John Vanderbank 39 40 41 42 7 23/12/2020 Subscription for set of portraits 43 44 Prince Frederick in 1714 by Zincke and 1720 Unknown artist George and Caroline as Prince and Princess of Wales 1716 by Kneller. George travelled with his father and Caroline joined them 45 46 Princess Anne in 1714 and 1727 by Zincke. In 1723 she was one of 99 princesses considered as a Princess Amelia in 1714 and 1730 by Zincke bride for Louis XV. 47 48 8 23/12/2020 Princess Caroline in 1730 by Zincke Prince William 1730 by Zincke Princess Mary 1731 by Zincke Princess Louise 1739 by Bernard Lens 49 50 Dutch broadsheet on Coronation French broadsheet on Coronation 51 52 Westminster Hall by Hollar Westminster Abbey by Wenceslaus Hollar c 1670 53 54 9 23/12/2020 Coronation print from the Royal Collection German broadsheet on the Coronation 55 56 Charles Talbot Duke of Shrewsbury, as Lord Coronation details George’s Coronation Declaration Chamberlain he read the king’s declaration at the coronation 57 58 Archbishop Tenison by Robert White. He was Former mistress of James II, Catherine Sedley the last Archbishop to ask at a coronation if the Countess of Dorchester, replied “Does the old people accepted their new king fool think we will say no?” Studio of Godfrey Kneller Studio of Godfrey Kneller 59 60 10 23/12/2020 Print by Jacob Gole Print by John Faber 61 62 Coronation Medal by John Croker Coronation Medal by Nicolaus Seelander 63 64 Henry Sacheverell by Thomas Gibson 1710 The Sacheverell riots Drinking the Health of Dr Sacheverell 65 66 11 23/12/2020 Passed in 1714 it came into force in 1715 and remained in force till 1967 when other legislation took over Tudor House in Tewkesbury with surviving door showing axe marks made in the Coronation Riot 67 68 Robert Walpole 1st E of Oxford studio of J B Charles Spencer Earl of Sunderland, Ld Lt of James Earl Stanhope by Godfrey Kneller, SoS Charles Viscount Townshend, SoS (N) 1714-16 st van Loo 1740, Paymaster 1714-15 & 1720- Ireland 1714-17, Ld Privy Seal 1715-16, SoS (N) (S) 1714-16, SoS (N) 1716-17 & 1718-21, 1 & 1721-7, Ld Lt of Ireland 1717, Ld President st 21, Chancellor 1715-17 & 1721-7, 1st Ld 1717-18, 1 Ld 1718-21, Ld President 1718-19, Ld & Chancellor 1717-18, died 1721 1720-2. died 1722 1721-7 69 70 Houses of Commons and Lords by Peter Tillemans 1708-1714 George in the House of Lords 71 72 12 23/12/2020 King’s Speech to Parliament 1715 John Churchill Duke of Marlborough by Enoch Charles Montagu Earl of Halifax had served Seeman c 1716. Queen Anne’s chief minister William III in various Treasury posts and until 1711 he spent 1712-14 in exile on the George made him First Lord of the Treasury Continent when George restored him to favour 1714-1715 as Master of the Ordnance 1714-1722 73 74 Charles Seymour Duke of Somerset held posts Charles Talbot Duke of Shrewsbury had served under Charles II, James II William III and Anne. William III as Secretary of Sate and was William Cavendish Duke of Devonshire by appointed 1st Lord on Queen Anne’s deathbed. Thomas Wharton Marquess of Wharton had On her death he master minded with served William III and Anne despite her dislike Kneller, Lord Steward under Anne 1707-10 Shrewsbury and Argyll, George’s succession He retained the post for a month after and reappointed by George 1714-16. He George’s arrival but was Lord Chamberlain of him, and fell after the 1710 Election. and was made Master of the Horse 1714-15 George made him Lord Privy Seal 1714-15 also served as Lord President 1716-17 and 1714-15 1725-9 75 76 John Campbell Duke of Argyll who served John Erskine Earl of Mar served Anne as under Marlborough at Ramillies, Oudenarde Secretary of State for Scotland but was Daniel Finch Earl of Nottingham by Jonathan Edward Russell Earl of Orford, an experienced and Malplaquet and played a major role in dismissed by George days after his arrival. He Richardson. George initially wanted a balanced naval commander, had served as 1st Lord of securing the Hanoverian succession. He led led the Jacobite forces during the 15 and fled cabinet so appointed a leading Tory as Lord the Admiralty for William and Anne and held the Government troops against the Jacobites to France in 1716 where he remained at the President it again 1714-17 in 1715 and was a minister from 1721. Pretender’s court 77 78 13 23/12/2020 James Francis Edward Stuart “The Old Pretender” recognised as James VIII and III by his Jacobite supporters and Louis XIV on the death of his father in 1701. Robert Harley Earl of Oxford by Jonathan Henry St John Viscount Bolingbroke c 1712 Richardson 1710 held high office under Anne was the leading Tory at the end of Anne’s but fell from grace shortly before her death. reign. He supported the Jacobite Rebellion He retired from politics but was imprisoned for in 1715 and fled to France. He was pardoned Jacobite sympathies 1715-17 but later in 1723 with the help of George’s mistress resumed his seat in the Lords. but initially excluded from the Lords. 79 80 Louis XIV of France who had to renounce his support for the Old Pretender under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713.
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