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Wigksite, a New Mineral from Northeastern Yukon

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Wigksite, a New Mineral from Northeastern Yukon Canadiun Mineralogist Vol. 19, pp. 377-380(1981) ,... WIGKSITE,A NEW MINERAL FROM NORTHEASTERNYUKON TERRITORY B. DARKO STURMAN Department of Mineralogy and Geology,Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen'sPark, Toronto, Ontario MSS 2C6 DONALD R. PEACOR Department of GeologicalSciences, University ol Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan48149, U.S.A. PETE J. DUNN Departrrlentol Mineral Sciences,Snrithsonian lnstitution, Washinsron,D.C. 20560,U.S.A. Ansrnecr (343,610). On trouve la wicksite en plaquettes bleues dans des nodules des formations ferrugineu- Wicksite NaCa2(Fe2+,Mn)aMgFes+(POo)u.2HrO ses et des shales stratifi6s le long de la rividre Big is orthorhombic, space group Pbca, with refined Fish (dans le Nord-Est du territoire du Yukon). cell parametersa 12.896(3),b l2.5ll(3), c 11.634 Cette espdce nouvelle est bleu fonc6 ou vert fonc6 (3) A; Z - 4. The strongest eight ljnes in the en sections minces, opaque en fragments 6pais. X-raydiffraction powder pattern [d in A G)&kl)l Duret| 4Vz-5, clivage {010} bon, densit6 3.54 (me- are 3.502(20)(230), 3.015(80)(411), 2.910(80) surde), 3.58 (calcul6e). Elle est biaxe positive, a (004), 2.868(30)(420), 2.837(30)(104), 2.753 1.713(3),p 1.718(3),t 1.728(3),2Y 660) fotte- (ro0)(412,042), 2.s71(40)(422) and 2.118(60) ment pl6ochroique, X bleu, Y bleu verditre, Z bttn - (343,610). Wicksite occurs as blue plates in nodules jaundtre pdle, absorption X Y > Z. Irs donn6es in bedded ironstone and shale along the Big Fish analytiques (microsonde, ADT-ATG, titration avec River in northeastern Yukon Territory, The new le dichromate de potassium) donnent AlrO3 0'51' mineral is dark blue or dark green in thin frag- Fe,Or 7.98, NazO 3.08, FeO 22.66, MgO 3.77, MnO ments; large fragments are opaque. It has a hard- 4.72, CaO 11.05, P2O5 41.64, HlO 3.70, total ness of 4Vz-5, good {010} cleavage and density 99.lIVo (en poids), d'oir la formule calcul6e Na + 3.54 g/cm3 (meas.), 3.58 g/cms (calc.). Wicksite is a.e6Ca7.ssFe2rz.saMnz.erMgs.TTFe&+ a.e1A\.rtP*.oOron.*, biaxial positive,a 1.713(3),P 1.718(3),.y 1.728(3), H16.a5.Espdce d6di6e au Dr Frederick John Wicks, 2V 66o. It is strongly pleochroic: X blue, Y conservateur de min6ralogie au Royal Ontario greenish blue and Z pale yellowish brown, with Museum. - absoiption X Y ) Z. Microprobe analysis, DTA- (Traduit par la R6daction) TGA and titration with potassium dichromate leld Alror 0.51, FerOe7.98, NazO 3.08, FeO 22.66, MgO Mots-cl(s: wicksite, phosphate, min6ral nouveau, 3.77, MnO 4.72, CaO 11.05,PrOs 41.64, H,rO 3.70, Yukon. sum 99,llVo, whence the calculated formula Na + + 1.e,,Ca7.65Fe212.6aMn2.65Mgs,7"Fe3 a.6.Aln.rrP-.*Oror.r, INTnoouctIoN Hro.s. The name honors Dr, Frederick John Wicks, Curator of Mineralogy at the Royal Ontario Since 1973, when the first specimensof Phos- Museum. phate minerals were brought to the Royal Onta- rio Museum for identification, five new minerals Keywords: wicksite, phosphate, new mineral, Yukon. have been described from an iron formation in northeastern Yukon Territory. Specimens with Sorvtraens large, well-developed crystals of phosphatemin- erals were collected in the area along Rapid La wicksite NaCas(Fes+,Mn)aMgFes+@On)u. Creek, whereas in the nearby area along the 2HrO est orthorhombique, groupe spatial Pbca, et Big Fish River, the phosphate minerals are possEde les paramdtre^s affin€s a 12.896Q), b I2.511(3),c 11.634(3)A pour Z - 4. Les hrrif raies developed mostly as aggregatesor as nodules. les plus intenses du clich6 de poudre [d en A (f) Two new minerals have been found in the speci- (hkl)] sont: 3.502(20)(230),3.015 (80)(411), mens from the Big Fish area: mariCite NaFePOa 2.e10(80)(004), 2.868(30)(420), 2.837(30)(104), (Sturman et al. 1977) and satterlyite (Fe,Mg)z 2.7s3 ( 100) (412,042\, 2.57| (40) (422) et 2.I I 8(60 ) PO4(OH) (Mandarino et al. 1978). The new 377 378 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST mineral wicksite was found as minute grains CnysrelLocneprrv during the study of the paragenesisof satterlyite, but detailed investigation was postponed until A single-crystal X-ray-diffraction study of a specimens containing larger grains were col- small cleavage plate of wicksite showed that it lected. is orthorhombic, space group Pbca with unit- We are pleasedto name this mineral in honor cell parameters 4 12.91\2), b 12.54(2), c of Dr. Frederick John Wicks, Curator of Min- 11 .64 (2) A. An X-ray-diffra'ctionpowder pattern eralogy at the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto. was obtained with a Guinier-de Wolff camera His contribution to mineralogy, especially in and Cu Ka radiation. Intensities of the reflec- the field related to serpentineminerals, has been tions on precession and Weissenberg camera recognized by the Mineralogical Association of films were used as an aid in indexing the Canada. which awarded him and his coauthor powder pattern. Irast-squares refinement of the Dr. E.J. Whittaker the Hawley medal for the unit-cell parameters,based on 19 reflections in best paper published in The Canadian Mineral- the powder pattern (Table l), yielded the re- ogist in 1977 and again in 1978. fined unit-cell parameters a 12.896(3), b The mineral and the name were approved by tz.stt,3), c 11.634(3)A. the Commissionon New Minerals and Mineral NamesnI.M.A. The type specimen (grams) is preservedin the collections of the Royal Ontario Puvsrcel eNo Oprtcel Pnopenrrcs Museum, Toronto (M373U), and the frag- ments from this specimen are preserved in the Wicksite is dark blue, almost black, tending Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. toward blue or green and transparent in thin (NMNH 145607) and the National Mineral fragments. The streak is green, and the lustre, Collection, Geological Survey of Canada, Otta- submetallic.Cleavage {010} is good. The hard- wa (61309). ness(Mohs) is 4Vz-5. Wicksite is platy parallel to {010}; somespecimens are massive.Striations parallel to the a axis are developed on many PARAGENESIS plates. No forms other than {0lO} were ob- Wicksite is found in ironstone and shale units served. of Cretaceous sediments along the Big Fish River in northeastern Yukon Territory. The geology of the area was described by Young (1977). The type specimenwas collectedat the TABLE1. X-MY POLIDER-DIFFMCTIONDATA FOR IIICKSIIE locality known as Big Bend, located on the west shore of the Big Fish River (latitude 68"28'3V' T *obs dcalc WL r dobs N and longitude 136"29'W). There, the phosphate minerals, including wicksite, are l0 6.47 6.448 200 q 2,085 found in nodules in shale beds. Many of i0 6.28 6.256 020 t0 2.04L 10 5.83 5.817 002 1,991 the nodules have an outline that suggests 10 4.50 4.500 220 L.962 5 4.33 4.319 202 I OnO formation by the replacement of fossil ammo- 5 4.19 4.189 221 1.893 I 4.05 4.045 LZz 1.852 nites. The major constituents of the nodules are I 3.556 3.560 l1? 1.834 wolfeite, satterlyite, mariCite and pyrite; some 3.554 222 L.776 20 3.50? 3.502 230 t0 1.748 nodules are composed of only one or two of 80 J. UI5 411 10 1.718 ?n 2.942 2.941 141 t.662 these minerals. Of several hundred nodules ex- 80 2.9t0 2.908 004 L,64-1 amined, only about ten contain wicksite, always JU 2,868 2.866 420 10 L.632 JU 2.837 2.837 104 I 1.604 as a minor constituent. 20 2,820 2.820 402 I 100 a. ta5 2.755 042 1 1.569 Wicksite is intimately associated with wol- 2.751 412 10 t0 2.736 2.735 24L , 1.534 feite, satterlyite and mariCite. These apparently 20 t ao1 2.694 t42 5 all formed contemporaneously.Wicksite is usual- 40 2.571 2.571 422 t 1.477 20 2.49r 2.497 4JI ly found along the edgesof nodules or interstiti- l0 2,467 2,469 t0 filling spaces radial l0 2.429 2.432 413 10 1.285 ally, the between the aggre- 2.332 2.333 .N gates of satterlyite, mariiite and wolfeite, or 1 2.252 2.252 II5 I 2.L46 2.750 r25 admixed with the minerals in these aggregates. 60 2.lt8 2.118 343 , tla Pyrite and quartz are also found in the nodules olu with wicksite: in some nodules all minerals are coated with a thin layer of ludlamite or vivia- Gulnlercmerat CuKaradiatlon; Intenslties esilmted vlsuallvi lndexedrlth orthorhmblc untt cell c"LZ.896, b-12,5u., o"it.-O5qf, nite. space group pr@. WICKSITE FROM THE YUKON 379 The density, measuredwith a Berman micro- TABLE 2. CHEI,IIICALCol'lPoSlTIoN 0F IiIICKSITS balance,is 3.54(2) g/cm8. It compareswell with the density (3.58 g/cms) calculated"from the 41203 Fe203 Na20 Feo fi90 l4n0 Cao Pz0s HzO Total ideal formula, the refined unit-cell parameters 0.51 7.98 3.0A 22,66 3,77 4.72 11.05 41.64 3.70 99.LrZ andZ=4. Hro detemlned by DTA-TGAiferrous lron by tltfatlon Blth potisslw Wicksite is biaxial positive; 2V" 66(2)" dichrcmte; other el@ents detemlned Hlth mlcroprcbe; total ircn (measured),72" (calculated).
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