Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series 10 Gigabit Ethernet Interface Modules
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End-To-End Performance of 10-Gigabit Ethernet on Commodity Systems
END-TO-END PERFORMANCE OF 10-GIGABIT ETHERNET ON COMMODITY SYSTEMS INTEL’SNETWORK INTERFACE CARD FOR 10-GIGABIT ETHERNET (10GBE) ALLOWS INDIVIDUAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS TO CONNECT DIRECTLY TO 10GBE ETHERNET INFRASTRUCTURES. RESULTS FROM VARIOUS EVALUATIONS SUGGEST THAT 10GBE COULD SERVE IN NETWORKS FROM LANSTOWANS. From its humble beginnings as such performance to bandwidth-hungry host shared Ethernet to its current success as applications via Intel’s new 10GbE network switched Ethernet in local-area networks interface card (or adapter). We implemented (LANs) and system-area networks and its optimizations to Linux, the Transmission anticipated success in metropolitan and wide Control Protocol (TCP), and the 10GbE area networks (MANs and WANs), Ethernet adapter configurations and performed sever- continues to evolve to meet the increasing al evaluations. Results showed extraordinari- demands of packet-switched networks. It does ly higher throughput with low latency, so at low implementation cost while main- indicating that 10GbE is a viable intercon- taining high reliability and relatively simple nect for all network environments. (plug and play) installation, administration, Justin (Gus) Hurwitz and maintenance. Architecture of a 10GbE adapter Although the recently ratified 10-Gigabit The world’s first host-based 10GbE adapter, Wu-chun Feng Ethernet standard differs from earlier Ether- officially known as the Intel PRO/10GbE LR net standards, primarily in that 10GbE oper- server adapter, introduces the benefits of Los Alamos National ates only over fiber and only in full-duplex 10GbE connectivity into LAN and system- mode, the differences are largely superficial. area network environments, thereby accom- Laboratory More importantly, 10GbE does not make modating the growing number of large-scale obsolete current investments in network infra- cluster systems and bandwidth-intensive structure. -
Information Specification ** INF-8474I Rev 3.0 Xenpak 10
** Information Specification ** INF-8474i Rev 3.0 SFF Committee documentation may be purchased in hard copy or electronic form SFF specifications are available at ftp://ftp.seagate.com/sff SFF Committee INF-8474i Specification for Xenpak 10 Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver Rev 3.0 September 18 2002 Secretariat: SFF Committee Abstract: This specification describes the Xenpak 10 Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver. It was developed by the MSA (Multiple Source Agreement) group in which the following companies participated: Agilent Technologies Mitsubishi Electric Blaze Network Products Molex ExceLight NEC Extreme Networks OpNext Finisar Optillion Hitachi Cable PicoLight Ignis Optics Stratos Lightwave Infineon Technologies Tyco Electronics JDS Uniphase Vitesse Semiconductor Luminent This Information Specification was not developed or endorsed by the SFF Committee but was submitted for distribution on the basis that it is of interest to the storage industry. The copyright on the contents remains with the contributor. Contributors are not required to abide by the SFF patent policy. Readers are advised of the possibility that there may be patent issues associated with an implementation which relies upon the contents of an 'i' specification. SFF accepts no responsibility for the validity of the contents. POINTS OF CONTACT: Dan Rausch I. Dal Allan Technical Editor Chairman SFF Committee Avago Technologies 14426 Black Walnut Court 350 West Trimble Rd Saratoga San Jose CA 95131 CA 95070 408-435-6689 408-867-6630 [email protected] [email protected] Xenpak 10 Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver Page 1 ** Information Specification ** INF-8474i Rev 3.0 EXPRESSION OF SUPPORT BY MANUFACTURERS The following member companies of the SFF Committee voted in favor of this industry specification. -
The Future Is 40 Gigabit Ethernet White Paper Cisco Public
The Future Is 40 Gigabit Ethernet White Paper Cisco Public The Future Is 40 Gigabit Ethernet © 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The Future Is 40 Gigabit Ethernet White Paper Cisco Public Executive Summary The business case for 40 Gigabit Ethernet is becoming inescapably compelling. While 10 Gigabit Ethernet is still making its way into the data centers, CIOs and IT managers must now consider how they are going to handle what’s coming next: high-bandwidth applications such as server virtualization and cloud computing; fabric consolidation within the data center; and a greater demand for high-performance computing among end users (see Figure 1). The need for faster data transfer rates is relentless and carries significant implications with regard to network productivity as well as operating expenditure (OpEx) costs. Figure 1. Current Trends Driving the Demand for This report addresses the impending move to 40 Higher-Speed Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet, how it may change the network architecture, and what IT managers can do now to Market Drivers for More Bandwidth prepare to migrate to the new standard. Consumer & Broadband Access Introduction: The Business Case for Content 40 Gigabit Ethernet Providers Since February 1980, when the first IEEE 802 Server Virtualization standards committee convened, speeds in Ethernet Video on delivery to all layers have made increasingly greater Demand leaps over increasingly shorter intervals. In 2016, Blade Server Higher eight years after the adoption of 10 Gigabit Ethernet, Speed Service the IEEE has adopted 802.3ba, paving the way for Providers & Ethernet IXCs 40 Gigabit Ethernet and 100 Gigabit Ethernet. -
Scott Kipp, Ethernet Alliance President
AN ETHERNET ROADMAP Scott Kipp [email protected] March 2013 1 THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THIS PRESENTATION ARE BROCADE VIEWS AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED THE VIEWS OR POSITIONS OF THE ETHERNET ALLIANCE. This presentation is being given to work toward having a position for the Ethernet Alliance 2 Ethernet Roadmap • The IEEE defines Ethernet standards and does not release a roadmap for future standards • The industry does not have a good understanding of how Ethernet was developed or where it is headed • This presentation will look at past Ethernet developments to give a better understanding of where Ethernet will likely go in the future • The emphasis of this presentation is on high-speed optical interfaces • BASE-T and Backplane not covered 3 Gigabit Optical Modules and Speeds Key: Ethernet Speed 100G GBIC SFP 40G SC LC connector connector 10G Acronyms: 8GFC GBIC = GigaBit 4GFC Interface Converter SFP – Small Form 2GFC factor Pluggable Data Rate and Line Rate (b/s) and Line Rate Data Rate 1GFC GbE GFC – Gigabit Fiber 1G Channel GbE – Gigabit 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Ethernet Standard Completed 3/19/2013 4 Who Uses Gigabit Fiber in Data Centers? This is limited to Switching and not Routing Fibre Channel is >95% optics Ethernet is > 95% copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch Port Shimpents (000s) Source: Dell’Oro Ethernet Switch Layer 2+3 Report Five Year Forecast, 2013-2017 3/19/2013 5 Got Copper? 3/19/2013 6 3/19/2013 7 10-100 Gigabit Optical Modules and Speeds Key: Parallel Ethernet Speed QSFP+ Optics Fibre Channel 100G MPO Speed Connector InfiniBand -
40 and 100 Gigabit Ethernet: an Imminent Reality
WHITE PAPER 40 and 100 Gigabit Ethernet: An Imminent Reality 40 and 100 Gigabit Ethernet: An Imminent Reality Many of today’s data centers are running 10 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) over both optical fiber and balanced twisted-pair copper cabling in their backbone infrastructure where large numbers of gigabit links aggregate at core devices. As more edge devices; like servers and storage equipment, continue to move to 10 GbE, the next natural progression is for the network core to require even faster connections within the data center. Fortunately, there is a solution that is now an imminent reality. Standards have been in development since 2008, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) will soon release the 802.3ba standard that will support data rates for 40 and 100 GbE over optical fiber cabling. Both cable and connectivity solutions capable of supporting these speeds already exist, and vendors are in the process of developing active equipment. Now is the time to migrate data center cabling infrastructures to support this imminent technology. 40 and 100 Gigabit Ethernet: An Imminent Reality Key Market Drivers 100 90 From storage and IP traffic growth to the advancement 35% CAGR in Storage Capacity of technology across many market sectors, the drivers 80 that moved data transmission speeds from 1 GbE to 68 10 GbE over the past decade are now expanding as 60 forecasted, creating the need for 40 and 100 GbE. 49 Petabytes 40 37 10 GbE Growth 28 20 20 While the global Ethernet switch market experienced overall decline in 2009, the migration from 1 to 10 0 GbE continued in data centers across the world. -
Towards 100 Gbps Ethernet: Development of Ethernet / Physical Layer Aspects
SEMINAR ON TOPICS IN COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 1 Towards 100 Gbps Ethernet: Development of Ethernet / Physical Layer Aspects Ömer Bulakci Abstract — Physical layer features of Ethernet from the first released clauses and ongoing architecture researches for 100 realization towards the 100 Gb Ethernet (100 GbE) development GbE are elaborated. have been considered. Comparisons of these features are made according to the standardized data rates. Feasible physical layer TABLE I options are then discussed for high data rates. Milestones of 802.3 IEEE Standard I. INTRODUCTION Clause Date of Bit Physical THERNET is the most widely deployed Local Area Name Release Rate Medium Network (LAN) protocol and has been extended to E 802.3a Single Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) and Wide Area (Thin Ethernet) 1985 10 Mbps Thin Coaxial Networks (WAN) [1]. The major advantages that characterize (Cheapernet) Cable Ethernet can be stated as its cost efficiency, traditional tenfold bit rate increase (from 10 Mbps to 100 Gbps), simplicity, high 802.3i 1990 10 Mbps TP Copper transmission reliability and worldwide interoperability 802.3j 1993 10 Mbps Two MMFs between vendors [2]. TP Copper The first experimental Ethernet was developed during the 802.3u 1995 100 Mbps Two Fibers early 1970s by XEROX Corporation in a coaxial cable (Fast Ethernet) (MMF,SMF) network with a data rate about 3 Mbps [3]. The initial 802.3z 1998 1 Gbps MMF, SMF standardization process of Ethernet was started in 1979 by (Gigabit Ethernet) Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Intel and Xerox. In 802.3ab 1999 1 Gbps TP Copper 1980, DIX Standard known as the “Thick Ethernet” was 802.3ae 2002 10 Gbps MMF,SMF released. -
Latticesc/M Broadcom XAUI/Higig 10 Gbps Lattice Semiconductor Physical Layer Interoperability Over CX-4
LatticeSC/M Broadcom® XAUI/HiGig™ 10 Gbps Physical Layer Interoperability Over CX-4 August 2007 Technical Note TN1155 Introduction This technical note describes a physical layer 10-Gigabit Ethernet and HiGig (10 Gbps) interoperability test between a LatticeSC/M device and the Broadcom BCM56800 network switch. The test was limited to the physical layer (up to XGMII) of the 10-Gigabit Ethernet protocol stack. Specifically, the document discusses the following topics: • Overview of LatticeSC™ and LatticeSCM™ devices and Broadcom BCM56800 network switch • Physical layer interoperability setup and results Two significant aspects of the interoperability test need to be highlighted: • The BCM56800 uses a CX-4 HiGig port, whereas the LatticeSC Communications Platform Evaluation Board provides an SMA connector. A CX-4 to SMA conversion board was used as a physical medium interface to cre- ate a physical link between both boards. The SMA side of the CX-4 to SMA conversion board has four differential TX/RX channels (10 Gbps bandwidth total). All four SMA channels (Quad 360) were connected to the LatticeSC side. • The physical layer interoperability ran at a 10-Gbps data rate (12.5-Gbps aggregated rate). XAUI Interoperability XAUI is a high-speed interconnect that offers reduced pin count and the ability to drive up to 20” of PCB trace on standard FR-4 material. In order to connect a 10-Gigabit Ethernet MAC to an off-chip PHY device, an XGMII inter- face is used. The XGMII is a low-speed parallel interface for short range (approximately 2”) interconnects. XAUI interoperability is based on the 10-Gigabit Ethernet standard (IEEE Standard 802.3ae-2002). -
Optic Modules Datasheet
Data Sheet Optic Modules Product Description Juniper Networks® has platforms ranging from the Juniper Networks CTP Series Circuit to datasheet is intended to guide the user through the various options available when choosing an Packet Platforms, BX Series Multi-Access Gateways, E Series Broadband Services Routers, M optic module for a given platform depending on the architecture. Series Multiservice Edge Routers, MX Series 3D Universal Edge Routers, to the T Series Core Features and Benefits Routers. These platforms support multiple interface types and technologies such as Ethernet, ATM, and SONET. Depending on the deployment scenario, they support different pluggable The following table lists the different pluggable optic modules and supported platforms, along optic modules that can be selected based on distance, form factor, and wavelength. This with the technical specifications for each. Table 1: Optic Modules Matrix Interface Form l (TX) l (RX) Max SKU Description Platforms Standard Media Cable Type Factor (nm) (nm) Reach CTP-SFP-1GE-LX Small form-factor pluggable (SFP) CTP2008, CTP2024, and GbE SFP 1000BASE-LX 1310 SMF 9/125 10 km 1000BASE-LX Gigabit Ethernet optic module. CTP2056 MMF 50/125 550 m 62.5/125 550 m CTP-SFP-1GE-SX SFP 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet optic CTP 2008, CTP2024, and GbE SFP 1000BASE-SX 850 MMF 50/125 550 m module. CTP2056 62.5/125 275 m CTP-SFP-1GE-T SFP 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet module CTP 2008, CTP2024, and GbE SFP 1000BASE-T Copper 4 twisted 100 m (uses Cat 5 cable). CTP2056 pair, Category 5 shielded RX-10KM-SFP 1-port 10 km GbE SFP adapter: provides E120, E320, ERX310, GbE SFP 1000BASE-LX 1310 SMF 9/125 10 km (1) SFP Gigabit Ethernet single-mode (10 ERX705, ERX710, ERX1410, km) physical port with an LC full duplex ERX1440 connection. -
Modern Ethernet
Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen All-In-One / Network+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 225345-2 / Chapter 6 CHAPTER Modern Ethernet 6 The Network+ Certification exam expects you to know how to • 1.2 Specify the main features of 802.2 (Logical Link Control) [and] 802.3 (Ethernet): speed, access method, topology, media • 1.3 Specify the characteristics (for example: speed, length, topology, and cable type) of the following cable standards: 10BaseT and 10BaseFL; 100BaseTX and 100BaseFX; 1000BaseTX, 1000BaseCX, 1000BaseSX, and 1000BaseLX; 10GBaseSR, 10GBaseLR, and 10GBaseER • 1.4 Recognize the following media connectors and describe their uses: RJ-11, RJ-45, F-type, ST,SC, IEEE 1394, LC, MTRJ • 1.6 Identify the purposes, features, and functions of the following network components: hubs, switches • 2.3 Identify the OSI layers at which the following network components operate: hubs, switches To achieve these goals, you must be able to • Define the characteristics, cabling, and connectors used in 10BaseT and 10BaseFL • Explain how to connect multiple Ethernet segments • Define the characteristics, cabling, and connectors used with 100Base and Gigabit Ethernet Historical/Conceptual The first generation of Ethernet network technologies enjoyed substantial adoption in the networking world, but their bus topology continued to be their Achilles’ heel—a sin- gle break anywhere on the bus completely shut down an entire network. In the mid- 1980s, IBM unveiled a competing network technology called Token Ring. You’ll get the complete discussion of Token Ring in the next chapter, but it’s enough for now to say that Token Ring used a physical star topology. -
10G-EPON Standardization and Its Development Status
© 2009 OSA/OFC/NFOEC 2009 NThC4.pdf 10G-EPON Standardization and Its Development Status Keiji Tanaka KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc. [email protected] Outline 1. Background and motivation 2. IEEE 802.3av standardization 3. Research activities 4. Development status 5. Summary ᵐ K.Tanaka, OFC/NFOEC 2009, Mar. 23-26, 2009 All Rights Reserved © 2009 KDDI, Tokyo 978-1-55752-865-0/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE 1 Outline 1. Background and motivation (a) FTTH growth in Japan (b) FTTH systems (c) Why 10G-EPON necessary? (d) When 10G-EPON feasible? 2. IEEE 802.3av standardization 3. Research activities 4. Development status 5. Summary ᵑ K.Tanaka, OFC/NFOEC 2009, Mar. 23-26, 2009 All Rights Reserved © 2009 KDDI, Tokyo FTTH growth in Japan The number of FTTH lines, more than 13 million at the end of Sep. 2008, exceeded the number of DSL lines in 2Q/2008. 20 Shifted to decrease StatisticsStatistics asas ofof Sep.Sep. 20082008 DSL 15 $ Number of lines: FTTH: 13.8 M DSL: 12.0 M FTTH CATV: 4.0 M 10 (Mobile: 92.0 M) $ Number of operators: FTTH: 171 5 CATV DSL: 47 CATV: 381 Number of broadband users [Million] 0 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 Year Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications statistics database ᵒ K.Tanaka, OFC/NFOEC 2009, Mar. 23-26, 2009 All Rights Reserved © 2009 KDDI, Tokyo 2 Flavors of FTTH systems High WDM-PON Apartment Data rate SS (Bandwidth) TDM-PON VDSL Efficiency High DSLAM Optical access system VDSL CPE 100Mbit/s CO or Residential house SS 1Gbit/s Media converter Single star Media converter Media converter Power Power splitter splitter Optical fiber PON Passive double star PON-OLT Power splitter PON topology is suitable for accommodating a lot of users and distributing broadcasting video services. -
Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series 10 Gigabit Ethernet Modules
Data Sheet Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series 10 Gigabit Ethernet Modules Cisco data center switching delivers relentless velocity: Architecture scalability supports growth in any direction; Operational manageability maximizes service velocity and IT staff productivity; Comprehensive resilience addresses many potential sources of downtime. Figure 1. Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series 4-Port 10 Gigabit Ethernet Module Figure 2. Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series 8-Port 10 Gigabit Ethernet Module PRODUCT OVERVIEW The Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series has an 8-port 10 Gigabit Ethernet module and a 4-port 10 Gigabit Ethernet module. These modules support pluggable optics to support distances up to 80km over single-mode fiber, 300m over multimode fiber, and 15m over copper. The 8-port 10 Gigabit Ethernet module provides up to 64 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports in a single Catalyst 6500 chassis, ideal for deployment in the aggregation layer of LAN campus and data centers. Both modules are interoperable with the Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Supervisor Engine 720 and provide 40 Gbps connection to the switch fabric. Building upon the award-winning Catalyst 6500 Series, these 10 Gigabit Ethernet modules are backward compatible with all existing Catalyst 6500 line cards and services modules, enabling service providers and enterprises to offer new Layer 2 through 7 services and network capabilities to increase revenue and user productivity without complete equipment upgrades. The Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series 10 Gigabit Ethernet modules are designed for deployment in the distribution and core of campus and data center for traffic aggregation or for interbuilding, points of presence (POPs), WAN edge, and MAN connections. These modules support IEEE 802.3ad link aggregation and Cisco EtherChannel ® technology for fault-tolerant connectivity and bandwidth scalability of up to 80 Gbps per EtherChannel connection. -
IEEE P802.3Ba 40 Gbe and 100 Gbe Standards Update
IEEE P802.3ba 40 GbE and 100 GbE Standards Update Greg Hankins <[email protected]> NANOG 47 NANOG47 2009/10/20 Per IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual, January 2005 At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of that individual rather than the formal position, explanation, or interpretation of the IEEE. 1 Summary of Recent Developments • Lots of activity to finalize the new standards specifications – Much changed in 2006 – 2008 as objectives were first developed – After Draft 1.0, less news to report as the Task Force started Comment Resolution and began work towards the final standard – Finished Draft 2.2 in August, crossing Is and dotting Ts – Working towards Sponsor Ballot and Draft 3.0 • On schedule: the 40 GbE and 100 GbE standards will be delivered together in June 2010 2 Summary of Reach Objectives and Physical Layer Specifications – Updated July 2009 100 m OM3, Physical Layer 1 m 7 m Copper 125 m OM4 10 km SMF 40 km SMF Reach Backplane Cable MMF 40 Gigabit Ethernet 40GBASE- 40GBASE- 40GBASE- 40GBASE- Name KR4 CR4 SR4 LR4 Signaling 4 x 10 Gb/s 4 x 10 Gb/s 4 x 10 Gb/s 4 x 10 Gb/s Media Twinax Cable MPO MMF Duplex SMF 8 Copper QSFP Module, QSFP Module, Module/Connector Backplane CFP Module CX4 Interface CFP Module 100 Gigabit Ethernet 100GBASE- 100GBASE- 100GBASE- 100GBASE- Name CR10 SR10 LR4 ER4 Signaling 10 x 10 Gb/s 10 x 10 Gb/s 4 x 25 Gb/s 4 x 25 Gb/s Media 8 Twinax