MODULE 7 STUDY GUIDE

1. Which forms of are considered Legacy Ethernet?

10BASE2 10BASE5 10BASE-T

2. What do Legacy Ethernet technologies all have in common?

The four common features of Legacy Ethernet are timing parameters, frame format, transmission process, and a basic design rule.

3 What is the 5-4-3 Rule?

10-Mbps Ethernet operates within the timing limits offered by a series of not more than five segments separated by no more than four repeaters. This is known as the 5-4-3 rule. No more than four repeaters may be connected in series between any two distant stations. There can also be no more than three populated segments between any two distant stations.

4. What is the maximum length of a for 10BASE5?

500 meters

5. What were the advantages of 10BASE5 at the time that it was prevalent?

10BASE5 systems are inexpensive and require no configuration

6. What are the disadvantages of 10BASE 5?

Basic components like NICs are very difficult to find as well as the fact that it is sensitive to signal reflections on the cable. 10BASE5 systems also represent a single point of failure.

7. What is the maximum length of a network segment for 10BASE2?

185 meters

8. What is the maximum transmission rate and duplex for 10BASE2 and 10BASE5?

10 Mbps and half-duplex

9. What are the differences in 10BASE2 and 10BASE5?

10BASE2 installation was easier because of its smaller size, lighter weight, and greater flexibility.

10. What are the similarities in 10BASE2 and 10BASE5?

Both use half-duplex. Both use Manchester encoding.

11. What is the maximum unrepeated length for a 10BASE-T network segment?

100 meters

12. What is required of a 10BASET network?

UTP cable uses eight-pin RJ-45 connectors. It is strongly recommended that any new cable installations be made with Category 5e or better. 10BASE-T links generally consist of a connection between the station and a hub or switch.

13. List the two technologies that are part of 100 Mbps Ethernet ().

100BASE-TX 100BASE-FX

14. List three Ethernet standards that support full duplex.

10BASE-T 100BASE-TX 100BASE-FX

15. What was the main purpose of 100BaseFX?

At the time copper-based Fast Ethernet was introduced, a fiber version was also desired. A fiber version could be used for backbone applications, connections between floors and buildings where copper is less desirable, and also in high noise environments. 100BASE- FX was introduced to satisfy this desire. (LECTURE: This will be confusing to students that read this paragraph and try to answer the test as the answers look very similar: answer-->interbuilding backbone connectivity.)

16. Where do the differences between Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and occur?

The

17. What media can Gigabit Ethernet transmit on?

Cat 5e

18. What is similar on all versions of Gigabit Ethernet?

The timing, frame format, and transmission are common to all versions of 1000 Mbps. 19. What could limit the of a fiber based Ethernet network? (I couldn't find this in the reading.)

• emitter technology • fiber manufacturing processes • detector technology

20. How many wire pairs are used with 1000BASE-T?

4 pair

21. Gigabit Ethernet operates in what duplex mode?

Full duplex

22. What is the next Ethernet technology beyond Gigabit Ethernet?

10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE)

23. What media supports ?

Fiber optic

24. What future standards are being developed for Ethernet technology?

40 Gbps 100 Gbps 160 Gbps

25. What are the line encoding methods for the following:

10BaseT Manchester Encoding 100 Mbps Ethernet 4B/5B and the line encoding specific to copper or fiber 1000Base X 8B/10B and NRZ

26. What are some applications that use increased data transport speeds such as 1000Base-T?

• inter-switch links • video streaming applications • server to DAT backup drive links • intra-building backbones

NOTE: my students would never get this correct as most don't have any idea what DAT is or an inter-switch link and I don't find it explained in the online curriculum. 27. What do the underlined portions of the technology represent?

10BaseT

100BaseTX Copper-based UTP Fast Ethernet

100BaseFX Multi-mode Fiber-based Fast Ethernet

1000BaseTX Gigabit speed using Cat5 and all 4 pairs

1000BaseSX Short-wavelength uses an 850 nm laser or LED source in multimode optical fiber

1000BaseLX Long-wavelength 1310 nm laser source uses either single-mode or multimode optical fiber

28. For what applications would you use Gigabit Ethernet?

• general infrastructure needs • high speed cross connects • backbone installations

As Fast Ethernet was installed to increase bandwidth to workstations, this began to create bottlenecks upstream in the network. 1000BASE-T (IEEE 802.3ab) was developed to provide additional bandwidth to help alleviate these bottlenecks. It provided more "speed" for applications such as intra-building backbones, inter-switch links, server farms, and other wiring closet applications as well as connections for high-end workstations.

Gigabit Ethernet standards are now the dominant technology for backbone installations, high-speed cross-connects, and general infrastructure needs.

29. Why is the Media Access Control method considered point to point in gigabit Ethernet?

Since separate fibers are used for transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) the connection is inherently full duplex.

30. What devices can be used to interconnect a 1000Base-T network to a 100Base-T network?

• Layer 2 Bridge • Switch The differences between standard Ethernet, Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet occur at the physical layer.

31. 100BASE-TX cable between Class II repeaters may not exceed ______meters.

32. What is WWDM?

Complex serial bit streams are used for all versions of 10GbE except for 10GBASE-LX4, which uses Wide Wavelength Division Multiplex (WWDM) to multiplex four bit simultaneous bit streams as four wavelengths of light launched into the fiber at one time.