DEMIFER Demographic and Migratory Flows Affecting European Regions and Cities
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September 2010 The ESPON 2013 Programme DEMIFER Demographic and migratory flows affecting European regions and cities Applied Research Project 2013/1/3 Deliverable 12/02 Demifer Case Studies Euro Standard in München and its region Oberbayern (DE21) Prepared by Frank Heins IRPPS-CNR, Rome, Italy and Hansjörg Bucher BBSR, Bonn, Germany EUROPEAN UNION Part-financed by the European Regional Development Fund INVESTING IN YOUR FUTURE This report presents results of an Applied Research Project conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2013 Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The partnership behind the ESPON Programme consists of the EU Commission and the Member States of the EU27, plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. Each partner is represented in the ESPON Monitoring Committee. This report does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the Monitoring Committee. Information on the ESPON Programme and projects can be found on www.espon.eu The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This basic report exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON & CNR, 2010. Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON Coordination Unit in Luxembourg. Table of contents Table of contents ...................................................................................................... i Figures ................................................................................................................... ii Maps ii Tables .................................................................................................................... ii 1. Introduction..................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Specification of the research questions and the aims...................................... 5 1.2. Settlement structure ................................................................................. 5 2. Review of existing analysis of demographic and migratory flows in the case study ..... 8 3. Demographic stocks and flows of the case study region and its sub-divisions ............ 8 3.1. Age structure of the population................................................................... 8 3.2. Population change and its components....................................................... 13 3.3. Natural change - fertility and mortality ...................................................... 15 3.4. Net migration......................................................................................... 17 3.5. Age composition of migrants .................................................................... 21 3.6. The regional pattern of internal migration................................................... 22 3.7. The foreign population by nationality ......................................................... 26 4. Economic change and population: the labour market of the case study region and its sub-divisions ............................................................................................. 28 4.1. Economic characteristics .......................................................................... 28 4.2. Changes in the working age population ...................................................... 31 4.3. The role of migration............................................................................... 32 5. Economic change and population: other aspects of the case study region and its sub-divisions ................................................................................................. 32 6. Economic and social consequences of demographic change in the case study region and its sub-divisions ....................................................................................... 36 7. Population ageing at the regional level and the DEMIFER scenarios ........................ 37 8. Conclusions and the policy implications of demographic challenges in the case study region........................................................................................................... 39 9. References .................................................................................................... 39 10. Annex: Data reported in tables, graphs and maps ............................................... 40 ESPON 2013 i Figures Figure 1 Population pyramid of München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1.1.2005 ...... 8 Figure 2 Population change in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1990-2005 ... 13 Figure 3 Population change according to the DEMIFER scenarios in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2050 ........................................................ 37 Figure 4 Population ageing according to the DEMIFER scenarios in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2050 ........................................................ 37 Figure 5 Population change according to the BBSR status-quo projection in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2025.................................................... 38 Figure 6 Population ageing according to the BBSR status-quo projection in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2025.................................................... 38 Maps Map 1 Population in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 31.12.2007 ............... 5 Map 2 Population density in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1.1.2008........ 7 Map 3 Population 65 and older in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1.1.2008 ................................................................................................. 12 Map 4 TFR in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ............................... 15 Map 5 Life expectancy for men and women in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ................................................................................... 16 Map 6 Net interregional migration in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007....................................................................................................... 18 Map 7 Net international migration in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007....................................................................................................... 19 Map 8 Foreign population in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1.1.2007 ..... 20 Map 9 Net internal migration of the 18 to 24 years old population with München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2007.................................................... 23 Map 10 Net internal migration of the 25 to 29 years old population with München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2007.................................................... 24 Map 11 Net internal migration of the population 65 years and older with München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2007.................................................... 25 Map 12 Unemployment in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ............... 30 Map 13 Net commuting in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ............... 34 Map 14 New housing in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007................... 35 Map 15 Commuting flows in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ............ 36 Tables ESPON 2013 ii Table 1 Age structure of the population in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 31.12.2007................................................................................................ 9 Table 2 Changes in the age structure of the working-age population in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1990, 2000 and 2007 ......................................... 10 Table 3 Changes in the age structure of the elderly population in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1990, 2000 and 2007 ......................................... 11 Table 4 Population change and its components in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2000-2008 ........................................................................... 14 Table 5 Interregional- and international migration in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2000-2008 ........................................................................... 17 Table 6 Interregional- and international age-specific migration rates in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ................................................................ 21 Table 7 Foreign population by nationality in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 1.1.2006.............................................................................. 26 Table 8 Population by migratory status in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2005-2008 .............................................................................................. 27 Table 9 The economic situation in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern).............. 28 Table 10 Working age population and its dynamic in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2000-2007 ........................................................................... 31 Table 11 Foreigners employed and unemployed in München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern), 2007 ................................................................................... 32 Table 12 NUTS 3 regions of München and its region (DE21 Oberbayern)........................ 40 ESPON 2013 iii Key findings • In the Munich area internal migration flows play today a minor role • Economic effects of the ageing of the population are not felt in Oberbayern. 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