DOCSLIB.ORG

Potential Use of the Parasitoid, Praon Unicum, in a Mass Rearing Program; Assessing the Use of an Alternative Host

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Potential Use of the Parasitoid, Praon Unicum, in a Mass Rearing Program; Assessing the Use of an Alternative Host Potential use of the parasitoid, Praon unicum, in a mass rearing program; assessing the use of an alternative host by Erfan Kevin Vafaie B.Sc. (Hons.), University of Western Ontario, 2009 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Pest Management in the Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science © Erfan Kevin Vafaie 2012 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Spring 2012 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for “Fair Dealing.” Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. Approval Name: Erfan Kevin Vafaie Degree: Master of Pest Management Title of Thesis: Potential use of the parasitoid, Praon unicum, in a mass rearing program; assessing the use of an alternative host. Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Zamir Punja, Professor Dr. Jenny Cory Senior Supervisor Professor Dr. Bernard Roitberg Supervisor Professor Dr. Sheila Fitzpatrick Supervisor Research Scientist Dr. Rob McGregor External Examiner Executive Director, Institute of Urban Ecology Douglas College Date Defended/Approved: January 23, 2012 ii Partial Copyright Licence Abstract Praon unicum Smith (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a naturally occurring parasitoid of a common highbush blueberry aphid in British Columbia (BC), Ericaphis fimbriata Richards (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The possibility of managing E. fimbriata using P. unicum in a mass rearing and release program has been previously suggested, however, rearing large numbers of P. unicum on E. fimbriata is not economic or practical. I investigated the consequences of using an alternative host, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), grown on pepper plants, to rear P. unicum. I found that rearing on an alternative host for many generations (~20) had a negative influence on P. unicum’s ability to oviposit in E. fimbriata; however, the alternative host did not influence the total number of offspring that emerged, male:female offspring ratio, offspring development time, or offspring size for P. unicum on E. fimbriata. The implications of using an alternative host for mass rearing P. unicum as a management strategy are discussed. Keywords: Mass rear and release; natal host; augmentation; biological control. iii Dedication To my parents, who have always been supportive, loving, and have made innumerable sacrifices to give me a happy life. I always love you and can only hope to be parents as good as you are some day. And to, Baha’u’llah and other sources of Light in the world that have served as inspiration and direction for my path of service in life. iv Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank Dr.Jenny Cory for being an exquisite supervisor - her level of encouragement, time commitment, effort and care made this thesis possible. Although I wish she didn’t spend so many nights and weekends assisting me with my work, I am very grateful. Dr.Cory never closed any doors but rather enabled me to learn and grow into my potential during my studies. I would like to thank my committee members, Dr.Sheila Fitzpatrick and Dr.Bernard Roitberg. I am incredibly grateful for the opportunities Dr.Fitzpatrick provided me to learn more about my model system, how to rear my colonies and conduct experiments. Without that opportunity, my Masters would have taken significantly longer (P<0.001). I was also very fortunate to have the help of Dr.Roitberg, who shared his great experience with population dynamics models and parasitoid-host work. I would like to thank Dr.Sneh Mathur for all of her assistance and providing the insect colonies. Dr.Dave Gillespie and Peggie Clarke shared their advice, resources, and technical assistance with dissections. Thank you to Dr.Michelle Franklin for her statistical advice. Brad Alexander, Moein Ferdosian and Rafel Sulaiman for their assistance with experiments, thank you. My brother, Faran Vafaie, and a dear friend, Azura Cook, for taking the time to read and edit my thesis, thank you. I would also like to thank Dr.Brent Sinclair for providing my first opportunity to work with insects in a lab. You helped me appreciate the world of insects. Dr.Jeremy McNeil, who taught me about the practical component of studying insect-plant interactions and provided me with many opportunities to continue research in the field of biological control. Dr.McNeil was vital to my passion in biological control, and I would not have discovered Dr.Cory or the MPM program without his direction and advice. And finally, I would like to thank our sponsors: NSERC Discovery grant to Jenny S. Cory, Simon Fraser University President’s Research Start-up grant to Jenny S. Cory, Thelma Finlayson entrance scholarship to Erfan K. Vafaie, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, and Simon Fraser University. v Table of Contents Approval ............................................................................................................................. ii Abstract ............................................................................................................................. iii Dedication ......................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ v Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................... viii List of Figures ................................................................................................................... ix The Little Things ............................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................. 1 Highbush Blueberries in British Columbia ......................................................................... 1 Aphid Pests of Blueberry .................................................................................................. 2 Parasitoids ........................................................................................................................ 3 Mass rearing and release ................................................................................................. 4 Alternative host ................................................................................................................. 5 My Questions .................................................................................................................... 6 References ........................................................................................................................ 8 Chapter 2: Influence of natal host on oviposition success of the parasitoid Praon unicum on the aphid Ericaphis fimbriata ................................. 10 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 10 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 11 Methods .......................................................................................................................... 13 Results ............................................................................................................................ 18 Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 20 References ...................................................................................................................... 32 Chapter 3: The influence of natal host on the lifetime fertility, development time, average generation time, and intrinsic rate of increase of the parasitoid Praon unicum in the aphid Ericaphis fimbriata ................................................................................................. 35 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 35 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 36 Methods .......................................................................................................................... 40 Results ............................................................................................................................ 45 Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 47 References ...................................................................................................................... 60 Chapter 4: Conclusion .................................................................................................. 64 References ...................................................................................................................... 67 Appendices… ................................................................................................................ 69 Appendix A. Hyperparasitoids
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Agroecology and the Search for a Truly Sustainable Agriculture 1St Edition
    Agroecology and the Search for a Truly Sustainable Agriculture 1st edition Miguel A. Altieri Clara I. Nicholls University of California, Berkeley 9 Basic Textbooks for Environmental Training First edition: 2000 (Spanish version) First edition: 2005 (English version) © United Nations Environment Programme Environmental Training Network for Latin America and the Caribbean Boulevard de los Virreyes 155, Colonia Lomas de Virreyes 11000, Mexico D.F., Mexico ISBN 968-7913-35-5 CONTENTS PREFACE 5 INTRODUCTION 9 Chapter 1 MODERN AGRICULTURE: ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS AND THE ALTERNATIVES TO CONVENTIONAL FARMING 13 Chapter 2 AGROECOLOGY: PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES FOR DISIGNING SUSTAINABLE FARMING SYSTEMS 29 Chapter 3 TEN REASONS WHY BIOTECHNOLOGY WILL NOT ENSURE FOOD SECURITY, PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT AND REDUCE POVERTY IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD 39 Chapter 4 THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF TRANSGENIC CROPS 53 Chapter 5 A DIALOGUE OF WISDOMS: LINKING ECOLOGISTS AND TRADITIONAL FARMERS IN THE SEARCH FOR A TRULY SUSTAINABLE A GRICULTURE 73 Chapter 6 AGROECOLOGY: THE SCIENCE OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR POOR FARMERS IN MARGINAL ENVIRONMENTS 99 Chapter 7 ENHANCING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF LATIN A MERICAN T RADITIONAL PEASANT FARMING SYSTEMS THROUGH AN A GROECOLOGICAL A PPROACH 145 Chapter 8 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN AGROECOSYSTEMS THROUGH MANAGEMENT OF ENTOMOPHAGOUS INSECTS 179 Chapter 9 AN AGROECOLOGICAL BASIS FOR INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT 199 Chapter 10 DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING A HABITAT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY TO ENHANCE BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL IN AGROECOLOGY 239 Chapter 11 AGROECOLOGY: TRANSITIONING ORGANIC AGRICULTURE BEYOND INPUT SUBSTITUTION 263 Cahpter 12 A RAPID, FARMER-FRIENDLY AGROECOLOGICAL METHOD TO ESTIMATE SOIL QUALITY AND CROP HEALTH IN VINEYARD SYSTEMS 277 PrefacePreface Environmental education and training is the process whereby new knowledge and practices evolve to understand and to intervene in the solution of the complex socio-environmental problems of our time.
    [Show full text]
  • Aphid Parasitoid Species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Central Submountains of Iran
    NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 9 (1): 70-93 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2013 Article No.: 131202 http://biozoojournals.3x.ro/nwjz/index.html Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran Hossein BARAHOEI1, Ehsan RAKHSHANI2,*, Seyed Massoud MADJDZADEH3, Azam ALIPOUR2, Saeid TAHERI2, Elham NADER2, Ana MITROVSKI BOGDANOVIĆ4, Olivera PETROVIĆ-OBRADOVIĆ5, Petr STARÝ6, Nickolas G. KAVALLIERATOS7 and Željko TOMANOVIĆ8 1. Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Zabol, E-mail: [email protected] 2. Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran, 98615-538, E-mail: [email protected] 3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, I.R. Iran, E-mail: [email protected] 4. Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovica 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia, E-mail:[email protected] 5. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11081 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, E-mail: [email protected] 6. Institute of Entomology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovicé, Czech Republic, E-mail: [email protected] 7. Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta str. 14561, Kifissia, Attica, Greece, E-mail: [email protected] 8. Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author, Ehsan Rakhshani, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 02. July 2012 / Accepted: 11. November 2012 / Available online: 01. January 2013 / Printed: June 2013 Abstract. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountain parts of Iran were investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • A Contribution to the Knowledge of Braconidae (Hym., Ichneumonoidea) of Iran
    BIHAREAN BIOLOGIST 5(2): pp.147-150 ©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2011 Article No.: 111125 http://biologie-oradea.xhost.ro/BihBiol/index.html A contribution to the knowledge of Braconidae (Hym., Ichneumonoidea) of Iran Abdullah LASHKARI-BOD1, Ehsan RAKHSHANI1*, Ali Asghar TALEBI2, Aurel LOZAN3 and Vladimir ŽIKIĆ4 1. Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, 98615-538, I.R. Iran; Email: [email protected] 2. Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Email: [email protected] 3. Biological Centre, Department of Wetland Ecology and Conservation, Branisovska str. 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Email: [email protected] 4. Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Niš, ul. Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia. E-mail: [email protected] * Corresponding Author: Ehsan Rakhshani, Email: [email protected] Received: 09. June 2011 / Accepted: 09. November 2011 / Available online: 19. November 2011 Abstract. The present study is based on the material collected from Fars province (central part of Iran) during 2006–2008. A total of 31 braconid species have been recorded, from which 11 species are new to the fauna of Iran. The identified species belong to 10 subfamilies, including Agathidinae, Alysiinae, Blacinae, Braconinae, Cheloninae, Euphorinae, Microgastrinae, Opiinae, Orgilinae and Rogadinae. The small cosmopolitan subfamily Blacinae is newly recorded in Iran. Key words: Braconidae, Fars province, Blacinae, new records, distribution. Introduction ered sparsely with different herbaceous plants and oak trees. Three Malaise traps were used during 2007–2008 at the areas in which we The family Braconidae constitutes one of the largest groups did the samplings by sweeping net, at the same time.
    [Show full text]
  • Aphid Parasitoids of Malta: Review and Key to Species
    BULLETIN OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF MALTA (2015) Vol. 7 : 121–137 DOI: 10.17387/BULLENTSOCMALTA.2015.10 Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) aphid parasitoids of Malta: review and key to species Ehsan RAKHSHANI1, Petr STARÝ2, Željko TOMANOVIĆ3 & David MIFSUD4 ABSTRACT. This paper brings an annotated list of the 16 aphid parasitoids detected up to 2015 in Malta. All the species were reared from identified aphid-plant associations. An illustrated key to the identification of the recorded species from Malta is provided. Taxonomy and peculiarities of the individual taxa are discussed and research outlines are also presented. Two species, Aphidius absinthii and Trioxys pallidus are newly recorded for the Maltese fauna, in association with Uroleucon inulae and Hoplocallis picta, respectively. The first host association has never been reported so far. The documented aphid fauna of the Maltese Islands indicates the probable existence of other species of aphid parasitoids that may be present in the archipelago, especially those already known in nearby Mediterranean territories. KEY WORDS. Biological control, invasive species, intraspecific variation, tritrophic association, Aphidius absinthii, Trioxys pallidus. INTRODUCTION All members of the braconid subfamily Aphidiinae are solitary endoparasitoids of aphids (STARÝ, 1970). They are among the most important natural enemies of aphids, which can effectively regulate the aphid populations and prevent serious outbreaks (HUGHES, 1989; HAGVAR & HOFSVANG, 1991). As a representative model of food webs in an ecosystem (STARÝ, 2006), the Aphidiinae have widely been considered in the tritrophic (parasitoid-aphid-plant) approach (KAVALLIERATOS et al., 2004), which gives the useful ecological data as well as a good background for subsequent biological control programmes against aphid pests.
    [Show full text]
  • Redescription of Two Species of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Europe
    © Entomologica Fennica. 15 March 2007 Redescription of two species of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from high mountain areas of south-eastern Europe, with biological and biogeographical notes on co-occurring guild members Zeljko T0man0vic’*, Nickolas G. Kavallieratos, Petr Stary, Vladimir Zikic', Vladimir Tomic' & Luka Luéic' Tomanovié, Z, Kavallieratos, N. G., Starjl, P., Zikié, V., Tomié, V. & Luéié, L. 2007: Redescription of two species of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from high mountain areas of south-eastern Europe, with biological and biogeo- — graphical notes on co-occurring guild members. Entomol. Fennica 18: 36—45 . Praon spinosum Mackauer, 1959 reared from Thrzpsaphis verrucosa Gil- 1ette,1917 on Carex nigra andDiaeretellus macrocarpus Mackauer, 1961 reared from the conspecific aphid on Carex rostrata association from Mt. Durmitor Bio- sphere Reserve in Serbia and Montenegro are redescribed, diagnosed and illus- trated with photographs from SEM and line drawings. The taxonomic position of P. spinosum within the genus Praon is discussed. Furthermore, some rare and en- demic aphid — aphid-parasitoid associations from high-montane areas of south- eastern Europe are reviewed and their distribution and origin is discussed. Z. Tomanovic (*corresponding author), Institute ofZoology, Faculty ofBiology, University of Belgrade, Studentshi trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Tel: + 38111638890, e—mail.‘ [email protected] N. G. Kavallieratos, Benaki PhytopathologicalInstitute, Department ofEntomo— logy and Agricultural Zoology, Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, 8 Stefanou Delta str., Kifissia, 14561, Attica, Greece; e—mail.‘ nick_kaval @hotmail.com P. Stary, Institute ofEntomology, Academy ofSciences ofthe Czech Republic, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske' Budej'ovice', Czech Republic; e—mail.‘ stary@entu. cas.cz V. Zikic, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, I 1000 Belgrade, Serbia; e—mail.‘ [email protected] V.
    [Show full text]
  • For Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the Continental United States
    United States Department of Agriculture Field Release of Aphelinus Marketing and Regulatory glycinis (Hymenoptera: Programs Animal and Aphelinidae) for Biological Plant Health Inspection Service Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the Continental United States Environmental Assessment, September 2012 Field Release of Aphelinus glycinis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) for Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the Continental United States Environmental Assessment, September 2012 Agency Contact: Shirley Wager-Page, Branch Chief Pest Permitting Plant Protection and Quarantine Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 4700 River Road, Unit 133 Riverdale, MD 20737–1236 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250–9410 or call (202) 720–5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of companies or commercial products in this report does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees or warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information.
    [Show full text]
  • 4 Economic Value of Arthropod Biological Control
    ©CAB International – for Steven Naranjo 4 Economic Value of Arthropod Biological Control STEVEN E. NARANJO1*, GEORGE B. FRISVOLD2 AND PETER C. ELLSWORTH3 1USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA; 2Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; 3Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Maricopa Agricultural Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA Integrated pest management (IPM) is the strategic control are very low, successful programmes have integration of multiple control tactics resulting in the resulted in essentially permanent pest control with amelioration of pest damage that takes into consid- very favourable economic outcomes (Cock et al., eration environmental safety, and the reduction of 2015; Naranjo et al., 2015). risk and favourable economic outcomes for growers A second approach – augmentative biological and society at large. For thousands of years, natural control – involves the initial (inoculation) or enemies of pests have been harnessed for crop pro- repeated (inundation) introduction of native or tection (Simmonds et al., 1976). Maximizing this exotic natural enemies to suppress pest populations. source of natural control is a foundational element Augmentative biological control has been widely in IPM for suppressing the growth of incipient pest and successfully deployed in many parts of the populations (Stern et al., 1959). Biological control world. It is perhaps most well known in protected has been defined as the purposeful use of natural agricultural production, particularly in Europe and enemies, such as predators, parasitoids and patho- in developing regions such as China, India and gens, to regulate another organism’s populations to Latin America (van Lenteren et al., 2017).
    [Show full text]
  • Wide DNA Barcode Library As a New Tool for Arctic Research
    Molecular Ecology Resources (2016) 16, 809–822 doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12489 Establishing a community-wide DNA barcode library as a new tool for arctic research H. WIRTA,1 G. VARKONYI,2 C. RASMUSSEN,3 R. KAARTINEN,4 N. M. SCHMIDT,5 P. D. N. HEBERT,6 M. BARTAK,7 G. BLAGOEV,6 H. DISNEY,8 S. ERTL,9 P. GJELSTRUP,10 D. J. GWIAZDOWICZ,11 12 13 14 15 € € 12 € € 1 L. HULDEN, J. ILMONEN, J. JAKOVLEV, M. JASCHHOF, J. KAHANPAA, T. KANKAANPAA, P. H. KROGH,10 R. LABBEE,6 C. LETTNER,9 V. MICHELSEN,16 S. A. NIELSEN,17 € T. R. NIELSEN,18 L. PAASIVIRTA,19 S. PEDERSEN,6 J. POHJOISMAKI,20 J. SALMELA,21 € P. VILKAMAA,12 H. VARE,22 M. VON TSCHIRNHAUS23 and T. ROSLIN 1,4 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5, 00790 Helsinki, Finland, 2Finnish Environment Institute, Natural Environment Centre, Friendship Park Research Centre, Lentiirantie 342B, 88900 Kuhmo, Finland, 3Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK–8000 Aarhus, Denmark, 4Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden, 5Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, 6Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada, 7Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic, 8Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK, 9Division of Conservation
    [Show full text]
  • Praon Volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae), a Natural
    Eur. J. Entomol. 108: 575–580, 2011 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1655 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Praon volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae), a natural enemy of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Life table and intrinsic rate of population increase JURACY CALDEIRA LINS JR1, VANDA HELENA PAES BUENO1*, DIEGO BASTOS SILVA1, MARCUS VINICIUS SAMPAIO2 and JOOP C. VAN LENTEREN3 1Department of Entomology, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2Agriculture Sciences Institute, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] 3Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Aphididae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Braconidae, Praon volucre, parasitoid, fecundity, immature mortality, developmental time, biological control, intrinsic rate of population increase Abstract. Life table data of natural enemies are often used to understand their population dynamics and estimate their potential role in the biological control of pests. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an important pest of several crops and its intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) is 0.282 at 22°C. The life table parameters (immature mortality, developmental time, sex ratio of emerging adults, fecundity and longevity) of Praon volucre (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) parasi- tizing M. euphorbiae were estimated in a climatic chamber at 22 ± 1°C, RH 70 ± 10% and 12 h photophase. Immature mortality was 8.2%, developmental time of males and females was 13.9 and 14.4 days, respectively, and the sex ratio was 0.55 (= fraction of females).
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Aphelinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) Species from Belgium with Respectively Four and Three New Records
    Zootaxa 4092 (4): 548–560 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4092.4.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5A50D253-2C30-4C65-A8BD-9CF5044AF9B3 Checklist of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Aphelinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) species from Belgium with respectively four and three new records THOMAS LOPES1,7, PIERRE-NICOLAS LIBERT2, PETR STARÝ3, GEORGE JAPOSHVILI4, 5, SÉVERIN HATT1, 6 & FRÉDÉRIC FRANCIS1 1Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro–Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, B–5030 Gem- bloux, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] 2Research collaborator for the Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro–Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, B–5030 Gembloux, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] 3Laboratory of Aphidology, Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected] 4Institute of Entomology, Agricultural University of Georgia, Agmashenebeli Alley #240, Tbilisi, Georgia. E-mail: [email protected] 5Invertebrate Research Center, Agladze #26, Tbilisi, Georgia. E-mail: [email protected] 6TERRA - AgricultureIsLife, Gembloux Agro–Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, B–5030 Gembloux, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] 7Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Aphid parasitoids have good potential for crop protection. However, they have been poorly studied in Belgium, espe- cially in terms of species diversity. Therefore, the aim of this work was to establish the first checklist for the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) from Turkey
    PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM UDC 57:61 VOL. 110, No 4, 335–338, 2008 CODEN PDBIAD ISSN 0031-5362 Short communication New records of Aphid Parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) from Turkey Abstract @ELJKO TOMANOVI]1 AHMET BEYARSLAN2 Aphid parasitoid, as one of the most important natural enemies of aphid, f 2 ÖZLEM ÇETIN ERDOGAN has been sporadically studied in Turkey. Our findings should contribute to V. @IKI]1 better knowledge of the Turkish and Near East aphidiins fauna. All speci- 1Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, mens were collected by sweeping from western and northern Turkey, espe- University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16 cially from Marmara and the Black Sea region during the 1989–2004 pe- 11000 Belgrade, Serbia riod. We present new data for Aphidiinae of Turkey and Near East which 2Trakya University, Faculty of Arts and include eight new species (Toxares deltiger Hal., Aphidius urticae Hal., Science Ephedrus lacertosus (Hal.), Lipolexis gracilis Först., Monoctonus cre- Department of Biology, 22030 Edirne-Turkey pidis (Hal.), Praon abjectum (Hal.), Praon longicorne Marsh., Praon Correspondence: pubescens Starý) and two new genera (Toxares and Lipolexis). Wepoint- @eljko Tomanovi} ed out basal position of T.deltiger within Aphidiinae with emphasis on sev- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, eral plesiomorphous character states, such as braconid type of wing vena- University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16 11000 Belgrade, Serbia tion, large number of longitudinal placodes on flagellomeres 1 and 2 and E-mail: [email protected]; short and triangular ovipositor sheath. Wepresumed the small fovea on me- [email protected] dian part of mesonotum in T.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Biology for All
    1 Conservation Biology for All EDITED BY: Navjot S. Sodhi Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore AND *Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University (*Address while the book was prepared) Paul R. Ehrlich Department of Biology, Stanford University 1 © Oxford University Press 2010. All rights reserved. For permissions please email: [email protected] Sodhi and Ehrlich: Conservation Biology for All. http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199554249.do 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX26DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2010 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2010 Reprinted with corrections 2010 Available online with corrections, January 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization.
    [Show full text]