Writing War in Britain and France, 1370–1854
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WRITING WAR IN BRITAIN AND FRANCE, 1370–1854 Writing War in Britain and France, 1370–1854: A History of Emotions brings together leading scholars in medieval, early modern, eighteenth-century and Romantic studies. The assembled essays trace continuities and changes in the emotional register of war as it has been mediated by the written record over six centuries. Through its wide selection of sites of utterance, genres of writing and contexts of publication and reception, Writing War in Britain and France, 1370–1854 analyses the emotional history of war in relation to both the changing nature of conflicts and the changing creative modes in which they have been arrayed and experienced. Each chapter explores how different forms of writing define war – whether as political violence, civilian suffering or a theatre of heroism or barbarism – giving war shape and meaning, often retrospectively. The volume is especially interested in how the written production of war as emotional experience occurs within a wider historical range of cultural and social practices. Writing War in Britain and France, 1370–1854: A History of Emotions will be of interest to students of the history of emotions, the history of pre-modern war and war literature. Stephanie Downes is an honorary fellow at the University of Melbourne. She has published on late medieval literary and textual cultures and their modern reception, and on various social and cultural aspects of emotions history, including Emotions and War: Medieval to Romantic Literature (2015) with Andrew Lynch and Katrina O’Loughlin, and, with Sally Holloway and Sarah Randles, Feeling Things: Emotions and Objects through History (2018). Andrew Lynch has recently retired as Professor in English and Cultural Studies at The University of Western Australia, and Director of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for the History of Emotions. He has written extensively on medieval and modern medievalist literatures of war and peace. He is co-editor of the journal Emotions: History, Culture, Society and of A Cultural History of Emotions (2019) Katrina O’Loughlin is Lecturer in English: Romantic and Nineteenth-Century Literature at Brunel Unversity, London. She has published on various aspects of Enlightenment and Romantic literature including Women, Writing and Travel in the Eighteenth Century (2018) and, with colleagues, two volumes on different aspects of the history of emotions. Themes in Medieval and Early Modern History This is a brand new series that straddles both medieval and early modern worlds, encouraging readers to examine historical change over time as well as promoting understanding of the historical continuity between events in the past, and to challenge perceptions of periodisation. It aims to meet the demand for conceptual or thematic topics that cross a relatively wide chronological span (any period between c. 500–1750), including a broad geographical scope. Series Editor: Natasha Hodgson, Nottingham Trent University. Available titles: War in the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1600 Edited by Francisco García Fitz and João Gouveia Monteiro Writing War in Britain and France, 1370–1854: A History of Emotions Edited by Stephanie Downes, Andrew Lynch and Katrina O’Loughlin WRITING WAR IN BRITAIN AND FRANCE, 1370–1854 A History of Emotions Edited by Stephanie Downes, Andrew Lynch and Katrina O’Loughlin ROUTLEDGE Routledge Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 2019 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2019 selection and editorial matter, Stephanie Downes, Andrew Lynch, Katrina O’Loughlin; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Stephanie Downes, Andrew Lynch, Katrina O’Loughlin to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 9781138219168 (hbk) ISBN: 9781138314139 (pbk) ISBN: 9780429446245 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by Florence Production Ltd, Stoodleigh, Devon, UK CONTENTS List of figures vii Notes on the contributors ix Acknowledgements xiii 1 ‘In form of war’: war and emotional formation in European history 1 Stephanie Downes and Andrew Lynch 2 Confessing the emotions of war in the Late Middle Ages: Le livre des fais du bon messire Jehan le Maingre, dit Bouciquaut 23 Craig Taylor 3 Emotion and medieval ‘violence’: the Alliterative Morte Arthure and The Siege of Jerusalem 37 Andrew Lynch 4 The Armagnac-Burgundian feud and the languages of anger 57 Tracy Adams 5 Violent compassion in late medieval writing 73 Catherine Nall 6 ‘Thus of War, a Paradox I write’: Thomas Dekker and a Londoner’s view of continental war and peace 89 Merridee L. Bailey vi Contents 7 Corresponding romances: Henri II and the last campaigns of the Italian Wars 107 Susan Broomhall 8 Bellicose passions in Margaret Cavendish’s Playes (1662) 127 Diana G. Barnes 9 ‘At Newburn foord, where brave Scots past the Tine’: emotions, literature and the Battle of Newburn 145 Gordon D. Raeburn 10 ‘This humble monument of guiltless Blood’: the emotional landscape of Covenanter monuments 163 Dolly MacKinnon 11 Paradoxes of form and chaos in the poetry of Waterloo 183 Robert White 12 War and emotion in the age of Biedermeier: the United Service Journal and the military tale 201 Neil Ramsay 13 ‘A possession for eternity’: Thomas De Quincey’s feeling for war 219 Michael Champion and Miranda Stanyon Index 239 FIGURES 7.1 Autograph letter from Henri II to Diane de Poitiers [nd]. 111 Bibliothèque nationale de France, manuscrit français 3143, fol 2r. © Bibliothèque nationale de France 7.2 Autograph letter from Henri II and Diane de Poitiers to 117 Anne de Montmorency [1559] Bibliothèque nationale de France, manuscrit français 3139, fol. 26r. © Bibliothèque nationale de France 10.1 Frontispiece, [Alexander Shields] A Hind let loose, or An Historical 164 Representation of the Testimonies, of the Church of Scotland, for the Interest of Christ, with the true State thereof in all its Periods: Together With A Vindication of the present Testimonie, against the Popish, Prelatical, & Malignant Enemies of that Church . : Wherein Several Controversies of Greatest Consequence are enquired into, and in some measure cleared; concerning hearing of the Curats, owning of the present Tyrannie, taking of ensnaring Oaths & Bonds, frequenting of field meetings, Defensive Resistence of Tyrannical Violence . / By a Lover of true Liberty. ([Edinburgh], 1687). The Burke Library at Union Theological Seminary, Columbia University in the City of New York. Image published with permission of ProQuest. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Group http:/taylorandfrancis.com CONTRIBUTORS Tracy Adams received a Ph.D. in French from Johns Hopkins University, and is Associate Professor in French at the University of Auckland. She is the author of Violent Passions: Managing Love in the Old French Verse Romance (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), The Life and Afterlife of Isabeau of Bavaria (The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010), and Christine de Pizan and the Fight for France (Penn State University Press, 2014). With Christine Adams, she edited Female Beauty Systems: Beauty as Social Capital in Western Europe and the US, Middle Ages to the Present (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015) and has co-authored The Creation of the French Royal Mistress, forthcoming with Penn State University Press. Merridee L. Bailey is the S. Ernest Sprott Fellow for 2018, supported by The University of Melbourne, as well as an Associate Member of the Faculty of History at The University of Oxford. She is a social and cultural historian of late medieval and early modern England. Her first book, Socialising the Child in Late Medieval England, explored morality and courtesy in late medieval socialising discourses for young people. Additionally, she has written articles and chapters on the history of book culture, religious history, the history of emotions, and law and emotions. She is currently writing a book on the religious and social value of meekness from the Middle Ages to the present. Diana G. Barnes is a Lecturer at the University of New England, who has been involved with the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for the History of Emotions from its inception, as a Research Associate and an Associate Investigator. Her book Epistolary Community in Print, 1580–1664 was published in 2013. In the history of emotions she has published on Brilliana Harley and Puritan emotional ideals for marriage, Andrew Marvell’s stoic response to civil war, and epistolary love in Shakespeare’s Merry Wives of