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1 Mi Libro De Las Constelaciones. Eladio Miranda Batlle Nombre 1 Hydra Nombre Latino: Hydra. Nombre en Español : Serpiente de Mar. Abreviatura: Hay. Localización: Hemisferio Sur. A.R.: 10.12 horas. Dec. -19.36 º. Franja de observación: 54 N º – 83 S º. Esta constelación forma parte del grupo de constelaciones iniciales. Para Ptolomeo significaba “la serpiente de agua”. La constelación Hydra o Serpiente de Mar tiene asociado su origen en diferentes mitos. El mito Griego, en especifico el de Hércules nos cuenta que La Hydra de Lerna era una serpiente multicéfala hija de Tifón y Equidna. Sus cabezas se reproducían al ser cortadas, y exhalaban un vaho capaz de matar a todo el que se hallara cerca. Hércules, conteniendo la respiración, comenzó a luchar contra la hidra aplastando sus cabezas con una maza. Hera envió un enorme cangrejo para que ayudase a la hidra, pero Hércules lo aplastó con el pie. Yolao escudero de Hércules acudió en su ayuda y mientras éste cortaba las cabezas con una espada Yolao quemaba las heridas con una antorcha para evitar que se reprodujesen. Tras dar muerte a la Hydra y desentrañarla, mojó sus flechas en la hiel del monstruo, a partir de entonces la más pequeña herida que estas flechas causasen sería letal. Otra historia muy difundida la asocia a las constelaciones Crater y Corvus. Dice la fabula que el Cuervo estaba al servicio de Apolo, necesitando el Dios agua para un sacrificio ceremonial, lo envió con una copa para que se la trajera de una fuente especial. Cerca de la fuente crecía una Higuera, cuyos frutos aunque no maduros excitaron al pájaro, el cual decidió esperar hasta que maduraran. Luego de tan comida deliciosa, voló de regreso hasta su amo, llevando consigo la Copa y una Serpiente de agua que se había encontrado en la fuente, ala cual había culpado de su demora. El Dios que descubrió el engaño, lo castigo privándolo de la capacidad de beber agua durante el tiempo en que los higos maduran. El apasionado estudioso de las estrellas Schiaparelli nos dice que la Hydra culebrea al o largo de su camino por el cielo como si estuviera viva dando vueltas y revueltas como el dragón que Hércules mato en Lerna. Se inicia próximo a las constelaciones de invierno adentrándose en las constelaciones primaverales y limitando en su sector occidental con las constelaciones veraniegas Es una constelación muy alargada paralela al ecuador de la Vía Láctea limitando al sur de la misma. Mi libro de las constelaciones. Eladio Miranda Batlle 2 Fig. 102. Constelación Hydra (Serpiente de mar). Estrellas principales: Visual Abs. Tipo Distancia Estrellas R.A.(hms) Dec.(°''') mag. mag. Espectral (lt-yr) Alpha (Alphard) 1.99 -1.69 K3III 177 09 27 35 -08 39 31 Gamma 2.99 -0.55 G8IIIa 132 13 18 55 -23 10 17 Zeta 3.11 -0.22 G8III 151 08 55 24 +05 56 44 Nu 3.11 -0.03 K0III 139 10 49 37 -16 11 37 Pi 3.25 0.75 K2III-IIIbCN 101 14 06 22 -26 40 56 Epsilon 3.38 0.29 G0III 135 08 46 47 +06 25 07 Xi 3.54 0.55 G8III 129 11 33 00 -31 51 27 Lambda 3.61 0.88 K0IIICN 115 10 10 35 -12 21 15 Mu 3.83 -0.58 K4.5III 248 10 26 05 -16 50 11 Theta 3.89 0.90 B9.5V 129 09 14 22 +02 18 51 Mi libro de las constelaciones. Eladio Miranda Batlle 3 Fig. 103. Objetos interesantes del cielo profundo . NOMBRE Mag. Dimensiones Información M 48 / NGC 2548 5.8 54’ Cúmulo en la constelación de la Hydra que tiene un diámetro aparente mayor al disco de la Luna. Localizado a 1.500 años luz de nosotros. Su diámetro real es superior a 20 años luz. M 83 / NGC 5236 7.5 13.1’ x 12.2’ La M83 es una de las galaxias más brillantes del cielo austral. Está a una distancia de 15 millones de años luz, y ha sido escenario de unas 6 supernovas. M68 / NGC 4590 8.2 9.8’ No es un cúmulo muy brillante, ya que está a una distancia de 33.000 años luz de la Tierra. NGC 3242 8.6 40” x 35” Nebulosa planetaria con estructura de anillo, conocida como “Fantasma de Júpiter” NGC 3621 9.7 12.4’ x 5.7’ Galaxia espiral barrada NGC 3923 9.8 6.6’ x 4.5’ Galaxia elíptica NGC 3109 9.9 19.7’ x 3.4’ Galaxia irregular NGC 3585 9.9 5.2’ x 3.1’ Galaxia elíptica NGC 2784 10.2 5.7’ x 2.5’ Galaxia espiral NGC 5694 10.2 3.6’ Cúmulo globular NGC 5061 10.4 3.5’ x 2.9’ Galaxia elíptica NGC 2835 10.5 6.3’ x 4.2’ Galaxia espiral barrada NGC 4105 10.6 2.8’ x 2.1’ Galaxia elíptica interactuando con NGC 4106 NGC 5101 10.6 5.7’ x 4.7’ Galaxia espiral barrada NGC 2986 10.8 3.5’ x 3’ Galaxia elíptica Mi libro de las constelaciones. Eladio Miranda Batlle .
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