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Humanitarian Bulletin Occupied Palestinian Territory DECEMBER 2016

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Humanitarian Bulletin Occupied Palestinian Territory DECEMBER 2016 Humanitarian Bulletin occupied Palestinian territory DECEMBER 2016 In this issue The 2016 olive harvest: access challenges remain despite increase in permit approvals and reduced HIGHLIGHTS settler violence ....................................................... 2 ● During 2016 olive harvest season, from Gaza during 2016 .......................................... 7 Israeli settlers vandalized 210 olive trees down from 801 during the 547$ million funding appeal to address humanitarian 2015 season. needs in Palestine during 2017 ............................. 9 The humanitarian impact of de facto settlement ● Revenues from the export/transfer expansion: the case of Talmon-Nahliel bloc .......... 11 of produce out of Gaza in 2016 increased by 80 per cent compared to 2015, half of those recorded Keshta. © FAO/Masoud in 2007, when the blockade was A farmer tends his hanging strawberries in Beit Lahiya, Gaza Strip. imposed. ● About 70 per cent of the requested $ 547 million in donor funding for the 2017 Humanitarian Response Plan launched in December target Overview Gaza. On 19 December, the 2017 Humanitarian Response Plan for the occupied Palestinian ● The de facto expansion of Talmon- territory (oPt) was publicly launched. The plan seeks US 547$ million in donor funding Nahliel settlement bloc has undermined the livelihoods of six to support the humanitarian needs of vulnerable Palestinians whose livelihoods nearby Palestinian villages. and rights have been undermined by almost 50 years of Israeli military occupation, compounded by recurrent escalations in violence, a ten year-long blockade on the Gaza Strip, and internal Palestinian divisions. DECEMBER FIGURES Palestinian Over half of the requested funding (US$ 300 million) are aimed at addressing food 5 insecurity among more than 1.6 million Palestinians, who are not consuming enough Palestinian 105 nutritious and varied food. This is primarily related to the erosion of livelihoods by longstanding access restrictions and the destruction of productive assets, which have Israelis killed (direct 0 undermined income and led to high unemployment rates (over 43 per cent in Gaza and nearly 20 per cent in the West Bank). Israelis injured (direct 18 This Humanitarian Bulletin highlights two major events related to the agricultural Structures demolished in the West Bank 38 livelihoods of tens of thousands of Palestinian families: the yearly olive harvest, which takes place mainly in the West Bank and has recently ended, and the main marketing People displaced in the West Bank 22 season for Gaza agricultural produce, which has just started. While a poor yield is expected for this season (related to the natural cycle), olive harvest HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2016 years, partly due to the enhanced deployment of Israeli military forces in sensitive 571 million areas. Additionally, the rate of approval of permit applications to access olive groves in requested (US$) the closed areas behind the Barrier has increased. However, Palestinian access to these %47 funded harvest and ploughing seasons, impeding essential year-round agricultural activities. Data collected by OCHA over the last three years in the northern West Bank show that Funded olive trees in the area behind the Barrier have an approximately 65 per cent reduction in yield compared to their equivalents in areas which can be accessed year-round. %47 571 In Gaza, the main season for the export and transfer of agricultural produce has recently million started. The overall revenues from the marketing of produce outside Gaza requested (US$) in 2016 (as of 8 December) was 80 per cent higher than in 2015, primarily due to the easing of Israeli restrictions, and is expected to further increase %53%74 Unmet requirement 2 | oPt Humanitarian Bulletin in 2017. However, these revenues remain significantly below those recorded prior to the imposition of the blockade in 2007. An additional easing of access restrictions could provide much needed relief from unemployment and food insecurity, pending a full lifting of the blockade. These could include the removal of quotas and restrictions on produce allowed to reach Israeli markets; reversing restrictions on the import of agricultural inputs classified by Israel as ‘dual-use’ items; and allowing access to the farmland in restricted areas along Gaza’s perimeter fence. On 23 December 2016, the UN Security Council adopted a resolution reaffirming the illegality of Israeli settlements, and demanding that Israel cease all settlement activities. The resolution also condemned all acts of violence against civilians, as well as incitement and destruction. This month’s Bulletin presents the second in a series of articles on On 23 December 2016, the de facto expansion of settlements and its humanitarian impact on Palestinian the UN Security Council communities, featuring the settlements Talmon and Nahliel in the Ramallah governorate. adopted a resolution The area controlled by these settlement, where Palestinian access is severely restricted reaffirming the illegality or impossible, is almost 2.5 times larger than the official Israeli-designated municipal boundaries. Within these de facto boundaries, settlers have developed, without permits of Israeli settlements, but with the acquiescence of the Israeli authorities, various residential, farming and demanding a cease of all touristic areas, linked by an extensive road network. The official and de facto expansion settlement activities and of Talmon and Nahliel has severely impacted the livelihoods of farmers and herders condemning violence from six nearby villages. against civilians and incitement The 2016 olive harvest: access challenges remain despite increase in permit approvals and reduced settler violence The 2016 olive harvest season, which lasted from 15 October to the end of November, was reported to have proceeded relatively smoothly. However, sporadic incidents of settler violence and restrictions on access to olive groves behind the Barrier and near Israeli settlements continue to pose challenges for Palestinian farmers. The annual olive harvest is a key economic, social and cultural event for Palestinians. Approximately 65 183,000 hectares of land are cultivated for ag riculture, nearly half of it for olive trees. Olive and olive oil production is concentrated in the north and northwest of the West Bank. Between 80,000 and 100,000 families are said to rely on olives and olive oil for primary or secondary sources of income, and 9 10 the sector employs large numbers of unskilled labourers and ap- Daily Weekly/Seasonal Seasonal (Only open during olive harvest) www.ochaopt.org | [email protected] | facebook.com/ochaopt This report was prepared by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in collaboration with humanitarian partners. oPt Humanitarian Bulletin | 3 proximately 15 per cent of working women. The entire olive sub-sector, including olive oil, table olives, pickles and soap, is worth between US$160 and $191 million in good years.1 This year’s yield was poor and is projected to be 16,000-18,000 MT (metric tons) of oil, down from 21,000 MT in 2015 and 24,000 MT in 2014. Decline in settler violence Olive-based livelihoods in many areas of the West Bank are undermined by Israeli settlers uprooting and vandalizing olive trees, and by intimidation and the physical assault of farmers during the harvest season. Such incidents have declined in recent years, partly due to the enhanced deployment of Israeli military forces in sensitive areas around Israeli settlements. Nonetheless, a protective presence is still provided in some cases under the coordination of the Protection Cluster (see box below). Preventive measures by international humanitarian organizations For the fifth year in a row, the Protection Cluster, via the Core Group on Settler Violence chaired by the Office of the High Comissioner for Human Rights, coordinated the deployment of a protective presence to support Palestinian farmers and their families during the olive harvest. This year, 59 areas of friction were identified throughout the West Bank where settler violence has been recurrent. With the participation of 14 organizations, the Core Group on Settler Violence coordinated the monitoring and documentation of settler violence, developed and provided information and monitoring tools for volunteers, and ensured the referral of cases for protection (including legal and psycho-social) responses. This olive season (October and November), OCHA recorded a total of 26 olive harvest- In 2016 harvest, 210 olive related incidents of settler violence resulting in property damage or injuries, down from trees were vandalized by 33 in 2015 and 29 in 2014. Some fifty per cent (13) of the incidents involved the vandalism settlers, compared to 801 of 210 olive trees (only during the olive harvest season). As in previous years, the majority of trees vandalized during 2016 were targeted outside of the olive harvest season when in 2015. fewer Israeli forces are present. As illustrated in the chart, there was a major decline in the overall number of trees affected in 2016. Palestinian trees vandalized during olive harvest season and rest of the year (2013 - Nov.2016) 801 1,522 298 9,150 9,070 10,453 210 1,343 2013 2014 2015 2016 Rest of year Olive harvest www.ochaopt.org | [email protected] | facebook.com/ochaopt Agricultural exports/transfers from the Gaza Strip (in thousands US$) This report was prepared by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in collaboration with humanitarian partners. 13,508 11,503 7,492 6,385 2,727 2,800 2,000 2,201 934 0 0 700 1,550 1,643 543 284 285 382 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Strawberry exports Other agricultural exports 4 | oPt Humanitarian Bulletin The Prior Coordination System The presence of settlements restricts access to Palestinian land for cultivation purposes. Approximately 90 Palestinian communities own land within, or in the vicinity of, 56 Israeli settlements and settlement outposts. Farmers can only access their land through prior coordination with the Israeli authorities. Access is generally only permitted for a limited number of days during the harvest and ploughing seasons.
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