A: Static Image File Formats B: Audio Formats and Compression These
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Image Data Martin Spitaler
Imperial College London MICROSCOPY DAY 2011: Understanding and handling image data Martin Spitaler Understanding Images (Martin Spitaler) • What’s in an image file: •Pixel data • metadata • Getting the data into the file: Image acquisition • Image file formats • Using images: Image visualisation and presentation Handling Images (Chris Tomlinson & Mark Woodbridge) • Omero image database • Xperimenter experiment annotation system What’s in an image file: Pixel data Pixel (or binary) data with information about the sample • One or more frames of pixels (XY, XZ) • Each frame typically consists of a two-dimensional array of pixel values • Pixel values can be: • light intensity • array of intensities (PALM, STORM) • array of fluorescence lifetimes • in the future: correlated data, e.g. exposure times (CMOS), mass spectra, … • Frames are stacked in one or more specific orders: • Channel (colour, lifetime, …) •Z stack •Time • XY position in a plate MICROSCOPY DAY 2011: Understanding & handling image data Martin Spitaler What’s in an image file: Meta data Meta data make sense of the pixel information • Image type (TIFF, LSM, CXD, …) • pixel dimensions (size, time point, focus position) • Hardware settings: •objective lens • excitation light source: • type (laser, lamp) •intensity • excitation and dichroic filters •… • emission settings: • emission filters • detector gain and offset • pinhole size • sampling speed / exposure time •… MICROSCOPY DAY 2011: Understanding & handling image data Martin Spitaler What’s NOT in an image file: Experimental -
Episode Engine User’S Guide
Note on License The accompanying Software is licensed and may not be distributed without writ- ten permission. Disclaimer The contents of this document are subject to revision without notice due to con- tinued progress in methodology, design, and manufacturing. Telestream shall have no liability for any error or damages of any kind resulting from the use of this doc- ument and/or software. The Software may contain errors and is not designed or intended for use in on-line facilities, aircraft navigation or communications systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines, or weapons systems (“High Risk Activities”) in which the failure of the Software would lead directly to death, personal injury or severe physical or environmental damage. You represent and warrant to Telestream that you will not use, distribute, or license the Software for High Risk Activities. Export Regulations. Software, including technical data, is subject to Swedish export control laws, and its associated regulations, and may be subject to export or import regulations in other countries. You agree to comply strictly with all such regulations and acknowledge that you have the responsibility to obtain licenses to export, re-export, or import Software. Copyright Statement ©Telestream, Inc, 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this document may be copied or distributed. This document is part of the software product and, as such, is part of the license agreement governing the software. So are any other parts of the software product, such as packaging and distribution media. The information in this document may be changed without prior notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Telestream. -
FLV File Format
Video File Format Specification Version 10 Copyright © 2008 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All rights reserved. This manual may not be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or converted to any electronic or machine-readable form in whole or in part without written approval from Adobe Systems Incorporated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a person obtaining an electronic version of this manual from Adobe may print out one copy of this manual provided that no part of this manual may be printed out, reproduced, distributed, resold, or transmitted for any other purposes, including, without limitation, commercial purposes, such as selling copies of this documentation or providing paid-for support services. Trademarks Adobe, ActionScript, Flash, Flash Media Server, XMP, and Flash Player are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated and may be registered in the United States or in other jurisdictions including internationally. Other product names, logos, designs, titles, words, or phrases mentioned within this publication may be trademarks, service marks, or trade names of Adobe Systems Incorporated or other entities and may be registered in certain jurisdictions including internationally. No right or license is granted to any Adobe trademark. Third-Party Information This guide contains links to third-party websites that are not under the control of Adobe Systems Incorporated, and Adobe Systems Incorporated is not responsible for the content on any linked site. If you access a third-party website mentioned in this guide, then you do so at your own risk. Adobe Systems Incorporated provides these links only as a convenience, and the inclusion of the link does not imply that Adobe Systems Incorporated endorses or accepts any responsibility for the content on those third- party sites. -
User's Guide to NIST Biometric Image Software (NBIS)
NISTIR 7392 2007 User's Guide to NIST Biometric Image Software (NBIS) Craig I. Watson ([email protected]) Michael D. Garris ([email protected]) Elham Tabassi ([email protected]) Charles L. Wilson ([email protected]) R. Michael McCabe ([email protected]) Stanley Janet ([email protected]) Kenneth Ko ([email protected]) National Institute of Standards and Technology Bldg. 225, Rm. A216 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8940 Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8940 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to acknowledge the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Department of Homeland Security who provided funding and resources in conjunction with NIST to support the development of this fingerprint image software. NOTE TO READER This document provides guidance on how the NIST Biometric Image Software (NBIS) non- export controlled packages are installed and executed. Its content and format is one of user's guide and reference manual. Some algorithmic overview is provided, but more details can be found in the cited references. The Table of Contents provides the reader a map into the document, and the hyperlinks in the electronic version enable the reader to effectively navigate the document and locate desired information. These hyperlinks are unavailable when using a paper copy of the document. Any updates to this software will be posted NIST Image Group’s Open Source Sever (NIGOS). ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 2. -
Image File Formats
Glossary Image File Formats Glossary of File Formats and Imaging Terminology JPEG: stands for “Joint Photographic Experts Group.” It’s the most common format for storing digital camera photographs or scanned images. It is a “lossy” compression format, meaning it shrinks the files by discarding the information that the human eye cannot perceive. JPEGs are widely supported and used on the web, for example when sharing images through email. They have several compression level options. TIFF: stands for “Tagged Image File Format” and is one of the most widely supported file formats for storing bit-mapped images on personal computers (both PCs and Macintosh computers). TIFF files can be any resolution, and can be black and white, gray-scaled, or color. Used for high-quality images (lossless compression). TIFF format is widely supported by image-manipulation applications such as Photoshop by Adobe. GIF(F): stands for “Graphics Interchange Format.” A bit-mapped file format used for graphics as opposed to photographic images. GIF supports 8-bit color (maximum of 256 colors, compared to JPEGs 16 million colors.) They are widely used on the Web because the files compress well. GIFs include a color table including the most representative 256 colors used. Not recommended for files with a lot of color shading! PNG: stands for “Portable Network Graphics.” PNG files contain a bitmap of indexed colors and use lossless compression. They are similar to GIF files, but differ in that they do not have copyright limitations. PNG files are typically used to store graphics for web images and also have the ability to preserve transparency. -
Before You Begin Producing
Producing with Camtasia Before You Begin Producing Before you begin to produce your video you need to decide how it will be shared; web based, CD, DVD. Once you have decided how you are going to share your video you need to decide which file format would be the best for that particular mode of delivery. The file formats you can save with in Camtasia include: AVI, Macromedia Flash (SWF), Windows Media (WMV), QickTime, Macromedia Flash (FLV), RealMedia (RM), Camtasia for RealPlayer (CAMV), and GIF animation. Click on Show more file formats to view all these options. AVI video file: AVI is recommended for CD delivery requiring the highest video quality. Once you produce your completed AVI files, use Pack and Show to bundle the Camtasia Player and Codec for easy delivery on CD‐ROM. It can also be edited by using Camtasia or other video editing programs. This is the type of format the original video will save as after recording with Camtasia. Macromedia Flash (SWF) movie file: An SWF file format can be used for videos that are 3‐5 minutes. This file format is good for using if you want to put your video on the internet and it is supported by most browsers. You will need the Flash plug‐in to view this video. Windows Media (WMV) streaming media file: A WMV file format creates smaller file sizes and works well for longer videos. It does not have to be downloaded and plays in Microsoft Windows Media Player. It is a streaming video file format. This type of file must be stored on a Windows Media streaming server. -
Using ADOBE® MEDIA ENCODER™ CS4 ©Copyright 2008 Adobe Systems Incorporated
Using ADOBE® MEDIA ENCODER™ CS4 ©Copyright 2008 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All rights reserved. Using Adobe® Media Encoder CS4 If this guide is distributed with software that includes an end user agreement, this guide, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. Except as permitted by any such license, no part of this guide may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Please note that the content in this guide is protected under copyright law even if it is not distributed with software that includes an end user license agreement. The content of this guide is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe Systems Incorporated assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in the informational content contained in this guide. Please remember that existing artwork or images that you may want to include in your project may be protected under copyright law. The unauthorized incorporation of such material into your new work could be a violation of the rights of the copyright owner. Please be sure to obtain any permission required from the copyright owner. Any references to company names in sample templates are for demonstration purposes only and are not intended to refer to any actual organization. -
BA(Prog) III Yr 21/3/2020
BA(prog) III yr 21/3/2020 Color Palettes Palettes are mathematical tables that define the color of a pixel displayed on the screen. The most common palettes are 1, 4, 8, 16, and 24 bits deep: 1. When color monitors became available for computers, managing the computations for displaying colors severely taxed the hardware and memory available at the time. 256-color, 8-bit images using a color lookuptable or palette were the best a computer could do. 2. 256 default system colors were statistically selected by Apple and Microsoft engineers (working independently) to be the colors and shades that are most “popular” in photographic images. 3. Two system palettes are, of course, different. 4. Web authorities also decided on a palette of 216 “web-safe” colors that would allow browsers to display images properly on both Macintosh and Windows computer. 5. GIF files using 256-color palettes are saved in a lossless format. The PNG format also uses palettes (24-bits or 32 bits if an “alpha” mask is included for transparency), and is lossless. It was developed for the Internet(it supports only the RGB color space) to expand GIF’s limited 256 colors to millions of colors. 6. In 24-bit color systems, your computer works with three channels of 256 discrete shades of each color (red, green, and blue) represented as the three axes of a cube. This allows a total of 16,777,216 colors (256 256 256). Image File Formats Most applications on any operating system can manage JPEG, GIF, PNG, and TIFF image formats. -
Digital Preservation Guidance Note: Graphics File Formats
Digital Preservation Guidance Note: 4 Graphics File Formats Digital Preservation Guidance Note 4: Graphics file formats Document Control Author: Adrian Brown, Head of Digital Preservation Research Document Reference: DPGN-04 Issue: 2 Issue Date: August 2008 ©THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES 2008 Page 2 of 15 Digital Preservation Guidance Note 4: Graphics file formats Contents 1 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................4 2 TYPES OF GRAPHICS FORMAT........................................................................................4 2.1 Raster Graphics ...............................................................................................................4 2.1.1 Colour Depth ............................................................................................................5 2.1.2 Colour Spaces and Palettes ..................................................................................5 2.1.3 Transparency............................................................................................................6 2.1.4 Interlacing..................................................................................................................6 2.1.5 Compression ............................................................................................................7 2.2 Vector Graphics ...............................................................................................................7 2.3 Metafiles............................................................................................................................7 -
How to Convert MOV to MP4 Video File Format Using VLC Player in Windows - Askvg
4/9/2020 [Tip] How to Convert MOV to MP4 Video File Format Using VLC Player in Windows - AskVG Search Help & Support Windows 10 Windows 8 Windows 7 Vista XP Freeware Themes Office Firefox Chrome Edge Opera IE Mobiles [Tip] How to Convert MOV to MP4 Video File RSS | Newsletter | Twitter | Facebook | YouTube Format Using VLC Player in Windows Advertisements SUMMARY: With the help of this article, you'll be able to convert any video file into other popular video formats using a free software "VLC Media Player" in all operating systems such as Windows, Linux or MacOS and mobile phones such as Google Android, iPhone/iPad or Windows Phone. Yesterday an AskVG reader "Piyush" contacted me and asked how to convert MOV video file to MP4 format? He was using Windows 10 operating system and he didn't want to use free online converters which claim to convert any video file into any other desired video format for free. He was worried about privacy as he captured those private videos with his family. He was worried that his videos will be Latest Articles stored and shared in the cloud forever if he uses online converter websites to convert video files. Windows 10 Insider Preview Build 19603 Available for Download He was using VLC Media Player as it's portable and widely known to support and play all kind of audio and video file formats. He asked me [Firefox Tip] Disable or Remove Search Tips and Suggestions Buttons in New Address whether he can use VLC player to convert video files? He read Bar somewhere that VLC player can be used to convert video file formats. -
Guide to Image File Formats
Guide to Image File Formats JPEG WebP PNG-8 GIF • Supported on all browsers • NOT supported on Safari • Limited to 256 colors • Supports animation and • No support for animation • Limited animation support • No support for animation transparency or transparency • Uses Lossy compression • Supports transparency • Produces larger file than = = PNG-8 • Best for photography & that also supports • Best for screenshots or large hero images transparency logos with limited color • For animation, WebM or • Uses lossy compression • 25-34% smaller than JPEG palette MP4 produce smaller file WebP Lossless PNG-24 LOSSY VS. LOSSLESS • NOT supported on Safari • Supports transparency • Limited animation support • Produces images with COMPRESSION • Best for reserving full millions of colors without With lossy compression, image detail = loss of detail some of your data will be • 26% smaller than • 3x larger image file than lost forever. Lossy image comparable PNGs compressed JPEG compression permanently removes image data and degrades the image in the WebP produces smaller PNG-32 process. file size than JPEG & SVG PNG equivalent • Supported on all browsers This is not as bad as it • Uses an extra 8-bit alpha sounds, as some detail • Supported on all browsers channel for advanced might not be perceivable transparency capabilities to the human eye. • XML-based markup language used to describe geometric • Useful for creating Lossless compression, shapes and positions in image transparency gradients by contrast, preserves • Produces vector graphics that data so nothing is lost. can be animated with CSS = FUNCTIONAL Lossless algorithms keep • Not allowed by default SIMILARITIES all the necessary data in WordPress due to to recreate the image security risks exactly. -
Platforms for Handling and Development of Audiovisual Data
Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Platforms for Handling and Development of Audiovisual Data José Pedro Sousa Horta Project/Dissertation concerning Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Informática Advisor: Professor Eurico Carrapatoso July 2008 © José Pedro Sousa Horta, 2008 Platforms for Handling and Development of Audiovisual Data José Pedro Sousa Horta Project/Dissertation concerning Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Informática Approved in public display by the jury: President: Prof. Doutor António Fernando Coelho _________________________________________________ Examiner: Prof. Doutor Nuno Magalhães Ribeiro Vowel: Prof. Doutor Eurico Manuel Carrapatoso July 17th 2008 Abstract Everywhere around us, digital is replacing analogue. Such is especially true in the audiovisual: be it in consumer or professional market, the advantages of computer-based media have quickly persuaded investors. To choose in which technologies, software should be based, proper understanding of the major aspects behind digital media is essential. An overview of the state of the art regarding the compression of digital video, the existing container formats and the multimedia frameworks (that enable easier playback and editing of audiovisual content) will be given, preceded by an introduction of the main topics. The professional video market is particularly focused on this document, due to the context of its elaboration, predominantly MPEG-2, MXF and DirectShow. In order to obtain more accurate results, fruit of the practical contact with the technology, a hands-on programming project was accomplished using DirectShow to playback both local and remote WMV files. Compression algorithms are continuously being improved and new ones invented, the designers of container formats are paying increased attention to metadata and some serious alternatives to DirectShow are emerging.