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Using Animation As a Means of Enhancing Learning of Individuals with Special Needs

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Using Animation As a Means of Enhancing Learning of Individuals with Special Needs TEM Journal. Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 670-677, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM73-26, August 2018. Using Animation as a Means of Enhancing Learning of Individuals with Special Needs Basak Baglama 1, Yucehan Yucesoy 2, Ahmet Yikmis 3 1 Department of Special Education, Atatürk Education Faculty, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10 Turkey 2Department of Teaching Arts, Atatürk Education Faculty, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10 Turkey 3 Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey Abstract – Use of animation in special education has 1. Introduction gained great attention recently. Therefore, the use of animation for helping individuals with special needs Technology is developing rapidly in the 21st has become an important research question and this century and these developments are bringing many study aims to examine and discuss the role of using innovations in education as well. The use of animation as a tool to enhance learning of individuals with special needs. This is a qualitative study in which technology in education also affects learning and document analysis was used to collect the data. Results teaching environments [3]. It has been suggested that revealed the trends in using animation in education with the use of animation in education, there is a and the benefits of animation for enhancing learning of significant increase in the attitudes and academic individuals with special needs. This study tried to achievements of the students in a positive way [26, provide a comprehensive review on the effectiveness of 43, 1]. It has been shown that animations as using animation in education and discussed the existing technological tools used in education have and possible benefits of using animation for individuals contributed a lot to the students in terms of security, with special needs. Results are discussed with relevant speeding and slowing time, examining very rare literature and recommendations for further research events, simplifying complicated systems, being and practices are presented in the study. useful and cheap and motivation as well as providing Keywords – Animation, learning, individuals with a significant increase in students' attitudes and special needs, special education. academic achievements towards the courses in positive manner [4, 21]. Emerging technologies and needs have caused visuality to become more prominent over time [10].The rapid development of the information also results in the failure of a recently produced DOI: 10.18421/TEM73-26 knowledge to become dysfunctional. This requires https://dx.doi.org/10.18421/TEM73-26 timely and effective use of information. In this case, Corresponding author: Basak Baglama, tools were needed to make available information Department of Special Education, Atatürk Education accessible by large masses quickly and effectively Faculty, Near East University, North Cyprus, Mersin 10 without waiting for the existing information to get Turkey old. Sharing and using information is as important as Email: [email protected] producing information. Therefore, there is a need for information dissemination systems that save time and Received: 30 June 2018. money for sharing and using information produced Accepted: 11 August 2018. by the large masses. As a result of this, the work of Published: 27 August 2018. visualization and visualization systems has become © 2018 Basak Baglama, Yucehan Yucesoy, important [20]. Animation as a multimedia tool is at Ahmet Yikmis; published by UIKTEN. This work is licensed the forefront of the visualization systems [47, 48]. under the Creative Commons Attribution- Developments in computer technology contribute NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. to the development of instructional plans to enable students to learn in a variety of ways [42]. In parallel The article is published with Open Access with the increasing advances in computer at www.temjournal.com technology, the use of multimedia technologies such as animation, sound, graphics and text in the 670 TEM Journal – Volume 7 / Number 3 / 2018. TEM Journal. Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 670-677, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM73-26, August 2018. educational environment is also increasing. This the psychological sub-structure of the brain in this allows for the design of education and training by kind of perception are also interacting. Not offering a wider variety of learning processes and surprisingly, in this perception process, the eye itself richer educational environments for students [15]. is the organ of which the person is most actively Developments in computer software play an concentrating attention with. Depending on the eye, important role in adding features such as sound, it is also a visual perception that occupies the human graphics and text to educational tools. Increasingly, mind relatively more than other types of perception. educational patterns and developments use It is a known fact that visual perception intensifies multimedia tools that incorporate educational attention to systematically moving objects. This real programs and educational courses [25]. animation has been an important factor in taking the Animation is a technical process that, in general, momentum of motion as a reference to itself [11, 40, produces motion illusion in the viewer by sequencing 38]. the still images produced in the analogue or digital Twelve principles under the title "Basic Principles environment in sequence. As a way of producing a of Animation" have been identified. These principles, film as much as it is technically possible, the which were determined in the 1980s by the need to development of the animation, which is included in determine the rules of a two-dimensional (2D) the genre film itself, can now go beyond the animation world, are still valid today and must be judgment that it is mainly an entertainment for the taken into account in order to obtain realistic motion mass audience of children [33]. The realization of 3D in a three-dimensional (3D) animation platform [27]. animated films appealing to people of all ages has been influential in bringing the concept of animation • Squash & Stretch out of the audience perception of traditional • Anticipation animation films by giving them brand new • Staging dimensions [9]. • Straight Ahead Action & Pose to Animations and digital maps make it easier to • Pose understand abstract concepts and ensure that learning • Follow Through & Overlapping Action is permanent. Paintings and cartoons will not be • Slow In & Slow Out animations if they show no change and are still. This • Arcs is because animations should not be constantly • Secondary Action moving, nor should they stay in motion permanently. • Timing Researchers have advocated the idea that animations • Exaggeration will be used as a standard in our future education like • Solid Drawing the alphabet [23]. According to [37], animations are • Appeal the process of animating graphics in a certain scenario and they should be regarded as alternative [50] revealed that relation of education with teaching ways in order to visualize knowledge. animation and ways the education reach to In the case of animated education, events that individuals are the issues that need to be solved while occur during a time when a human being can not determining the functions of the animation in observe in real time, can easily be presented to education. The idea that animation should be used in students in a more accelerated structure and the the field of education is due its own internal visual student can see a point that he/she does not arrangements and motion relations. Computer-aided understand in this structure by stopping the animation systems made for educational purposes animation and taking it back more effectively and simplify the transmission of current, very complex, permanently [31]. very fast, very slow, top secret reactions with their Furthermore, visual perception happens when analytical fluency as a visual communication people leave five sensory organs (sound, image, etc.) medium and concentrate attention on basic completely open to the stimuli coming from the movements. The narrative incorporates narrative surroundings and realize the conscious perception by efficiency into the educational arrangements in it and an accumulation of past physiological and facilitates the remembrance of the event [46]. psychological experiences. In this perception Meaningful learning makes it easy to store both process, the sensory state of the human body, which information and recall from memory. Animation is occurs kinetically in the nervous system, causes the act of moving many pictures and graphics into psychological mental loading of the person, leaving scenarios. Animations are created by linking permanent or temporary effects in the brain [7]. consecutive pictures. Animations that are not enough Mental practices such as collecting, identifying, for training alone are technological options used in comparing, establishing similarities, categorizing and many different areas of education and animation, interpreting meaningful information on the basis of TEM Journal – Volume 7 / Number 3 / 2018. 671 TEM Journal. Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 670-677, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM73-26, August 2018. which is used in many areas, especially preferred for 2.1. Research Model describing complex concepts [2]. It is widely known that the use of technology in Document analysis, which is one of the special education facilitates learning
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