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October 24, 2017 u vol. 114 u no. 43 From the Cover 11476 Genetics of canine skeletal abnormalities E9105 Spatial organization of gut bacteria 11327 RNA formation in warm little ponds 11416 Enzyme complex–membrane interactions 11518 Local processing in small amacrine cells Contents THIS WEEK IN PNAS Cover image: Pictured are a dachshund 11259 In This Issue (Left) and a Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever (Right). Emily A. Brown et al. identified a retrogene insertion of the LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) FGF4 gene that was associated with shortened limbs in Nova Scotia duck E8945 Efficient large-scale wind turbine deployment can meet global electricity tolling retrievers, and also associated generation needs with short limbs and susceptibility to Jake Badger and Patrick J. H. Volker intervertebral disc disease across E8946 Reply to Badger and Volker: Correctly estimating wind resources at large scales multiple dog breeds, including requires more than simple extrapolation dachshunds. The results may influence Lee M. Miller and Axel Kleidon treatment of intervertebral disc disease E8947 Simulations predict microbial responses in the environment? This environment in dogs and provide a model for similar disagrees retrospectively conditions in humans. See the article by Tom O. Delmont and A. Murat Eren Brown et al. on pages 11476–11481. E8950 Reply to Delmont and Eren: Strain variants and population structure during the Image courtesy of Kathryn Robertson Deepwater Horizon (University of California, Davis, CA). oil spill Alexander J. Probst, Ping Hu, Christine L. Sun, Eric A. Dubinsky, Christian M. K. Sieber, Jillian F. Banfield, and Gary L. Andersen E8953 Black-swan events: Population crashes or temporary emigration? Casey Youngflesh and Heather J. Lynch E8955 Reply to Youngflesh and Lynch: Migration and population growth rate in animal black-swan events Sean C. Anderson, Trevor A. Branch, Andrew B. Cooper, and Nicholas K. Dulvy CORE CONCEPTS—A brief introduction to emerging topics in science 11261 Circumventing the blood–brain barrier Helen H. Shen, Science Writer COMMENTARIES 11264 Darwin’s prescient guess David Deamer See companion article on page 11327 11266 Lipid sorting and the activity of Arf signaling complexes Yong Zhou and John F. Hancock See companion article on page 11416 Free online through the PNAS open access option. PNAS u October 24, 2017 u vol. 114 u no. 43 u iii–vii Downloaded by guest on September 30, 2021 11268 Compartmentalized dendritic signaling in a EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES multitasking retinal interneuron 11321 Bird specimens track 135 years of atmospheric black Wei Wei carbon and environmental policy See companion article on page 11518 Shane G. DuBay and Carl C. Fuldner 11327 Origin of the RNA world: The fate of nucleobases in PNAS PLUS warm little ponds Ben K. D. Pearce, Ralph E. Pudritz, Dmitry A. Semenov, 11271 Significance Statements and Thomas K. Henning Brief statements written by the authors about the significance of their See Commentary on page 11264 papers. 11333 Formation of most of our coal brought Earth close to global glaciation INAUGURAL ARTICLE Georg Feulner 11275 SMELL-S and SMELL-R: Olfactory tests not influenced ENGINEERING by odor-specific insensitivity or prior 11488 Macrophage-like nanoparticles concurrently absorbing olfactory experience endotoxins and proinflammatory cytokines for Julien W. Hsieh, Andreas Keller, Michele Wong, Rong-San sepsis management Jiang, and Leslie B. Vosshall Soracha Thamphiwatana, Pavimol Angsantikul, Tamara Escajadillo, Qiangzhe Zhang, Joshua Olson, Brian T. Luk, Sophia Zhang, Ronnie H. Fang, Weiwei Gao, Victor Nizet, PHYSICAL SCIENCES and Liangfang Zhang APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 11285 Distinct ice patterns on solid surfaces with 11338 Geophysical potential for wind energy over the various wettabilities open oceans Jie Liu, Chongqin Zhu, Kai Liu, Ying Jiang, Yanlin Song, Anna Possner and Ken Caldeira Joseph S. Francisco, Xiao Cheng Zeng, and Jianjun Wang 11446 Diel cycling and long-term persistence of viruses in the ’ BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY ocean s euphotic zone Frank O. Aylward, Dominique Boeuf, Daniel R. Mende, Elisha M. 11291 Nonequilibrium fluctuations of lipid membranes by the Wood-Charlson, Alice Vislova, John M. Eppley, Anna E. rotating motor protein F1F0-ATP synthase Romano, and Edward F. DeLong Vı´ctor G. Almendro-Vedia, Paolo Natale, Michael Mell, Stephanie Bonneau, Francisco Monroy, Frederic Joubert, PHYSICS and Iva´n Lo´pez-Montero E8967 Topological phenomena in classical optical networks 11410 Pressure effects on collective density fluctuations in T. Shi, H. J. Kimble, and J. I. Cirac water and protein solutions 11344 Resistivity bound for hydrodynamic bad metals Daniela Russo, Alessio Laloni, Alessandra Filabozzi, and Matthias Heyden Andrew Lucas and Sean A. Hartnoll 11350 The topography of the environment alters the optimal CHEMISTRY search strategy for active particles E8957 Unique amalgamation of primary and secondary Giorgio Volpe and Giovanni Volpe structural elements transform peptaibols into 11356 Configurational entropy measurements in extremely potent bioactive cell-penetrating peptides supercooled liquids that break the glass ceiling Lin Du, April L. Risinger, Carter A. Mitchell, Jianlan You, Blake W. Ludovic Berthier, Patrick Charbonneau, Daniele Coslovich, Stamps, Ning Pan, Jarrod B. King, Jean C. Bopassa, Susan I. V. Andrea Ninarello, Misaki Ozawa, and Sho Yaida Judge, Zhibo Yang, Bradley S. Stevenson, 11362 Universal photonic quantum computation via and Robert H. Cichewicz time-delayed feedback 11297 Semiconductor quantum dot-sensitized rainbow Hannes Pichler, Soonwon Choi, Peter Zoller, photocathode for effective photoelectrochemical and Mikhail D. Lukin hydrogen generation Hongjin Lv, Congcong Wang, Guocan Li, Rebeckah Burke, STATISTICS Todd D. Krauss, Yongli Gao, and Richard Eisenberg 11368 Big data modeling to predict platelet usage and 11303 Multielectron, multisubstrate molecular catalysis of minimize wastage in a tertiary care system electrochemical reactions: Formal kinetic analysis Leying Guan, Xiaoying Tian, Saurabh Gombar, Allison J. Zemek, in the total catalysis regime Gomathi Krishnan, Robert Scott, Balasubramanian Narasimhan, Cyrille Costentin, Daniel G. Nocera, and Casey N. Brodsky Robert J. Tibshirani, and Tho D. Pham 11309 Production of diverse PET probes with limited SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 18 resources: 24 F-labeled compounds prepared 11338 Geophysical potential for wind energy over the with a single radiosynthesizer open oceans Jeffrey Collins, Christopher M. Waldmann, Christopher Drake, Anna Possner and Ken Caldeira Roger Slavik, Noel S. Ha, Maxim Sergeev, Mark Lazari, Bin Shen, Frederick T. Chin, Melissa Moore, Saman Sadeghi, Michael E. Phelps, Jennifer M. Murphy, and R. Michael van Dam SOCIAL SCIENCES 11315 Prebiotic stereoselective synthesis of purine and noncanonical pyrimidine nucleotide from nucleobases PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES and phosphorylated carbohydrates 11374 Rethinking people’s conceptions of mental life Hyo-Joong Kim and Steven A. Benner Kara Weisman, Carol S. Dweck, and Ellen M. Markman iv u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 30, 2021 SOCIAL SCIENCES 11428 Self-association of a highly charged arginine-rich 11380 How truth wins in opinion dynamics along cell-penetrating peptide issue sequences Giulio Tesei, Mario Vazdar, Malene Ringkjøbing Jensen, Noah E. Friedkin and Francesco Bullo Carolina Cragnell, Phil E. Mason, Jan Heyda, Marie Skepo¨, Pavel Jungwirth, and Mikael Lund 11434 Evidence of evolutionary selection for BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES cotranslational folding William M. Jacobs and Eugene I. Shakhnovich AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 11386 Engineering sulfur storage in maize seed proteins CELL BIOLOGY without apparent yield loss E8996 Staufen1 inhibits MyoD translation to actively maintain Jose Planta, Xiaoli Xiang, Thomas Leustek, muscle stem cell quiescence and Joachim Messing Antoine de Morre´e, Cindy T. J. van Velthoven, Qiang Gan, Jayesh S. Salvi, Julian D. D. Klein, Igor Akimenko, Marco Quarta, Stefano Biressi, and Thomas A. Rando BIOCHEMISTRY E9006 Content of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in E8977 Mechanistic principles underlying regulation of the cardiomyocytes is regulated by microRNA-1 in actin cytoskeleton by phosphoinositides physiologic and pathologic hypertrophy Yosuke Senju, Maria Kalimeri, Essi V. Koskela, Pentti Somerharju, Tania Zaglia, Paola Ceriotti, Antonio Campo, Giulia Borile, Hongxia Zhao, Ilpo Vattulainen, and Pekka Lappalainen Andrea Armani, Pierluigi Carullo, Valentina Prando, Raffaele E8987 Broad role for YBX1 in defining the small noncoding Coppini, Vladimiro Vida, Tomas O. Stølen, Wisløff Ulrik, RNA composition of exosomes Elisabetta Cerbai, Giovanni Stellin, Giuseppe Faggian, Diego Matthew J. Shurtleff, Jun Yao, Yidan Qin, Ryan M. Nottingham, De Stefani, Marco Sandri, Rosario Rizzuto, Fabio Di Lisa, Morayma M. Temoche-Diaz, Randy Schekman, Tullio Pozzan, Daniele Catalucci, and Marco Mongillo and Alan M. Lambowitz 11440 Intragenic DNA methylation and BORIS-mediated 11392 Small-molecule inhibitors directly target CARD9 and cancer-specific splicing contribute to the mimic its protective variant in inflammatory Warburg effect bowel disease Smriti Singh, Sathiya Pandi Narayanan, Kajal Biswas, Amit Elizaveta S. Leshchiner, Jason S. Rush, Michael A. Durney, Gupta, Neha Ahuja, Sandhya Yadav, Rajendra Kumar Panday, Zhifang Cao, Vlado Dancı´k, Benjamin Chittick, Huixian Wu, Atul Samaiya,