DOCSLIB.ORG

Effects of Different Energy Cropping Systems on Plant Diversity in Central German Agricultural Landscapes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effects of Different Energy Cropping Systems on Plant Diversity in Central German Agricultural Landscapes Anagallis arvensis. Atlas des plantes de France, A. Masclef (1891) ZENTRUM FÜR BIODIVERSITÄT UND NACHHALTIGE LANDNUTZUNG SEKTION BIODIVERSITÄT, ÖKOLOGIE UND NATURSCHUTZ – CENTRE OF BIODIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE LAND USE – SECTION: BIODIVERSITY, ECOLOGY AND NATURE CONSERVATION Effects of different energy cropping systems on plant diversity in Central German agricultural landscapes Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultäten der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen vorgelegt von Charlotte Seifert aus Paderborn Göttingen, August 2014 Referent/In: Prof. Dr. Christoph Leuschner Korreferent/In: Prof. Dr. Erwin Bergmeier Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 03.09.2014 Wheat field in Central Germany. Picture by Charlotte Seifert, August 2012. Ein Weizenfeld Weil es die Ähre verschmäht, sich mit der Farbe zu zieren, Hat die Natur ihr den Mohn dicht an die Seite gestellt; Jener hat sie die Kraft vertraut, den Menschen zu nähren, Diesem verlieh sie den Reiz, welcher sein Auge erfreut. Jene frage drum nicht: Wo sprießen dir nützliche Körner? Oder diesen: Wo trägst du den erquicklichen Schmuck? Wenn die eine uns fehlte, so könnten wir freilich nicht leben, Aber wir möchten es nicht, wäre der and’re nicht da! Christian Friedrich Hebbel (1813-1863) German poet and dramatist Impressions from an extensively managed field margin near Göttingen in Lower Saxony in June 2012. Pictures by Caroline Focke. Table of contents List of tables .......................................................................................................................................... V List of figures ....................................................................................................................................... VI Appendices ......................................................................................................................................... VII Abbreviations and acronyms .............................................................................................................. IX Chemical elements ............................................................................................................................... XI Units ...................................................................................................................................................... XI Unit prefixes ....................................................................................................................................... XII Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................... XIV Summary ........................................................................................................................................... XVI Zusammenfassung ......................................................................................................................... XVIII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research context ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Plant diversity in agricultural landscapes ............................................................................ 1 1.1.1.1 Arable plant assemblages as a mirror of agricultural land use practices ......................... 1 1.1.1.2 The role of arable plants in agroecosystems .................................................................... 3 1.1.1.3 Current conservation status ............................................................................................. 3 1.1.2 Energy cropping .................................................................................................................. 5 1.1.2.1 Contribution to the total energy supply ........................................................................... 5 Global importance of bioenergy .................................................................................................. 5 Bioenergy in the European Union ............................................................................................... 5 The case of Germany –‘Energiewende’ ...................................................................................... 6 1.1.2.2 Conversion technologies and biomass feedstocks ........................................................... 7 Solid biofuels ............................................................................................................................... 7 Biomass for anaerobic digestion ................................................................................................. 8 Biomass for liquid transport fuels ............................................................................................... 9 1.1.2.3 Environmental impacts of energy cropping................................................................... 10 Direct impacts on biodiversity................................................................................................... 10 Direct impacts on the abiotic environment and soil organic matter cycles ............................... 12 Indirect impacts ......................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 The study areas ........................................................................................................................ 15 1.2.1 Location, geology and climate .......................................................................................... 15 1.2.2 Land use history ................................................................................................................ 18 1.2.3 Energy cropping in the study areas.................................................................................... 20 1.3 General description of the applied methods.......................................................................... 22 II 1.3.1 Vegetation sampling .......................................................................................................... 22 1.3.2 Soil sampling and analyses ................................................................................................ 23 1.3.2.1 pH .................................................................................................................................. 23 1.3.2.2 Effective cation-exchange capacity (ECEC) and base saturation .................................. 23 1.3.2.3 C/N-ratio and soil organic matter content ..................................................................... 23 1.3.2.4 Plant-available phosphorus ............................................................................................ 24 1.3.3 Measuring PAR transmissivity .......................................................................................... 24 1.3.4 Data analysis ...................................................................................................................... 25 1.3.4.1 General comments on the statistical approaches used ................................................... 25 1.3.4.2 Variation partitioning .................................................................................................... 26 1.4 General objectives and outline of the chapters ..................................................................... 27 1.5 References ................................................................................................................................ 29 CHAPTER 2 ARABLE PLANT DIVERSITY ON CONVENTIONAL CROPLAND – THE ROLE OF CROP SPECIES, MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENT ............................................ 37 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................ 37 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 38 2.2 Methods .................................................................................................................................... 41 2.2.1 Study areas ........................................................................................................................ 41 2.2.2 Sampling design ................................................................................................................ 42 2.2.3 Sampling of arable weed assemblages .............................................................................. 42 2.2.4 Soil sampling and analyses ................................................................................................ 42 2.2.5 Derivation of environmental, management and spatial variables ...................................... 43 2.2.5.1 Management variables ................................................................................................... 43 2.2.5.2 Environmental variables ................................................................................................ 45 2.2.5.3 Spatial factors ................................................................................................................ 45 2.2.6 Statistical analyses ............................................................................................................. 45 2.2.6.1 Model selection and variation partitioning .................................................................... 45 2.2.6.2 Comparisons
Load more

Recommended publications
  • High-Resolution Shear-Wave Seismic Reflection As a Tool to Image Near
    Solid Earth, 7, 1491–1508, 2016 www.solid-earth.net/7/1491/2016/ doi:10.5194/se-7-1491-2016 © Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License. High-resolution shear-wave seismic reflection as a tool to image near-surface subrosion structures – a case study in Bad Frankenhausen, Germany Sonja H. Wadas1, Ulrich Polom1, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk1,2,a 1Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hanover, Germany 2Institute for Applied Geosciences, TU Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany anow at: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany Correspondence to: Sonja H. Wadas ([email protected]) Received: 16 June 2016 – Published in Solid Earth Discuss.: 1 July 2016 Revised: 29 September 2016 – Accepted: 5 October 2016 – Published: 28 October 2016 Abstract. Subrosion is the subsurface leaching of soluble to leach the Permian formations below the church and causes rocks that results in the formation of depression and col- the tilting of the church tower. This case study shows the po- lapse structures. This global phenomenon is a geohazard in tential of horizontal shear-wave seismic reflection to image urban areas. To study near-surface subrosion structures, four near-surface subrosion structures in an urban environment shear-wave seismic reflection profiles, with a total length with a horizontal resolution of less than 1 m in the uppermost of ca. 332 m, were carried out around the famous leaning 10–15 m. church tower of Bad Frankenhausen in northern Thuringia, Germany, which shows an inclination of 4.93◦ from the verti- cal.
    [Show full text]
  • Referee Comments
    GENERAL AUTHOR RESPONSE Here we have tried to identify the main points raised in the five reviews and explain in general terms how we dealt with them. Responses to all individual reviewer comments are contained in the file “Author Response to Individual Comments” Restructure the manuscript Following the reviewers´ suggestions we have moved all workflow-related text to the respective chapter. Similarly we have tried to move all interpretation to the Discussion section. We have retained the subchapters in the Results section because we feel that maintaining a separation between data sources and workflow enhances reader-friendliness and makes the electronic publication more navigable through hyperlinks. We did not follow the suggestion to present the balanced cross section before the forward model for the following reason: The idea that the observed Zechstein slivers were created by inversion was conceived during field work. The forward model served to test the general geometric viability of the concept. The line-length balanced cross-sections were constructed in a second step to create more detailed structure models that closely conform to surface data. Thus, the manuscript structure follows the actual work flow. Choice of cross-section locations, additional sections The two balanced section locations were chosen such that the best available data could be used. Section A (Mühlberg) was chosen to include the previously described (Schröder 1925), once easily accessible, outcrop along the train tracks near Sontra. To our knowledge this is the only location where a Zechstein sliver with its hanging wall and footwall was ever exposed. The second traverse was chosen for its proximity to the shallow well demonstrating Muschelkalk underlying a Zechstein sliver, contrasting with the Mühlberg section.
    [Show full text]
  • 1322484002.Pdf
    Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae (VII), 2011 Foreword The present volume of Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae groups some of the contributions to the 7th Romanian Symposium of Paleontology. The symposium was organised by the Romanian Society of Paleontologists together with the Department of Geology, Babeú-Bolyai University in the autumn of 2009, at Cluj. This volume is dedicated to Prof. Ovidiu Dragastan at his 70th anniversary. Professor Dragastan is a remarkable personality of Romanian paleontology; at the same time, he was the organiser of the first National Symposium of Paleontology (Bucharest, 1997) and the editor of the first issue of Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae. This initiative has been continued since then on a biennial basis, at Cluj, Iaúi and Bucharest; here we are now, closing the issue containing the contributions of its 7th edition. The current volume contains 32 scientific contributions. All the papers have been submitted to peer-review for enhancing their quality. Most of the authors have updated their manuscripts based on the suggestions of the reviewers; however in some cases, the authors have taken the liberty to decline significant part of their major remarks. This, besides the original quality of the manuscripts, as well as our intention to publish all the submitted papers, with no exception, has finally led to certain heterogeneity throughout the volume. However, we consider that the current issue represents a faithful illustration of the present level reached by paleontological research in Romania. At the end of this short preamble, we would like to express our special gratitude to our main sponsor, ROMGAZ S.A., who supported financially both the symposium, and the publication of this volume.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Resolution Shear Wave Reflection Seismics As Tool to Image Near
    Solid Earth Discuss., doi:10.5194/se-2016-91, 2016 Manuscript under review for journal Solid Earth Published: 1 July 2016 c Author(s) 2016. CC-BY 3.0 License. High-resolution shear wave reflection seismics as tool to image near-surface subrosion structures — a case study in Bad Frankenhausen, Germany Sonja Wadas1, Ulrich Polom1, and Charlotte Krawczyk1,2 1Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany 2now GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany Correspondence to: Sonja Wadas ([email protected]) Abstract. Subrosion is the subsurface leaching of soluble rocks that results in the formation of depression and collapse struc- tures. This global phenomenon is a geohazard in urban areas. To study near-surface subrosion structures four shear-wave reflection seismic profiles with a total length of ca. 332 m were carried out around the famous leaning church tower of Bad Frankenhausen in northern Thuringia, Germany, which shows an inclination of 4.93° from the vertical. Most of the geological 5 underground of Thuringia is characterized by soluble Permian deposits, and the Kyffhäuser-Southern-Margin Fault is assumed to be a main pathway for water to leach the evaporite. The seismic profiles were acquired with the horizontal micro-vibrator ELVIS developed at LIAG and a 72 m long landstreamer equipped with 72 horizontal geophones. The high-resolution seismic sections show subrosion-induced structures to a depth of ca. 100 m and reveal five features associated with the leaching of Permian deposits: (1) lateral and vertical varying reflection patterns caused by strongly heterogeneous strata, (2) discontinuous 10 reflectors, small offsets and faults, which show the underground is strongly fractured, (3) formation of depression structures in the near-surface, (4) diffractions in the unmigrated seismic sections that indicate an increased scattering of the seismic waves, (5) varying seismic velocities and low-velocity zones that were presumably caused by fractures and upward-migrating cavities.
    [Show full text]
  • International Field Workshop on the Triassic of Germany and Surrounding Countries
    International Field Workshop on the Triassic of Germany and surrounding countries July 14 – 20, 2005 G.H. Bachmann, G. Beutler, M. Szurlies, J. Barnasch, M. Franz Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften und Geiseltalmuseum Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3 06120 Halle (Saale) 2 Name Country Affiliation Hounslow UK Univ Lancester Porter UK Univ Bristol Warrington UK BGS retired Bonis NL Univ Utrecht Kürschner NL Univ Utrecht Krijgsman NL Univ Utrecht Deenen NL Univ Utrecht Rühl NL Univ Utrecht Sivhed. S SGU Lund Erlström S SGU Lund Kozur. H Ptaszynski PL Niedzwiedzki PL Bachmann D MLU Halle Barnasch D MLU Halle Beutler D MLU Halle Franz D MLU Halle Hauschke D MLU Halle Shukla IN, D Univ Benares MLU Halle Szurlies D GFZ Potsdam Voigt, Linnemann D Univ Jena Rein D 3 The Buntsandstein The Buntsandstein (Lower Triassic) of the Thuringian Basin is characterized by its marginal position in the southeastern part of the Germanic Basin. The facies of the Lower and Middle Buntsandstein fluctuate between fluvial sandstones and lacustrine deposits, pointing to an extended basin with very low morphological gradients. Compared with the deposits in the central Germanic Basin (Poland, Northern Germany), enhanced sand content, occurrence of pebbles, and predominance of fluvial deposits indicate a more marginal position of the Thuringian Buntsandstein in the southeastern part of the Thuringian Basin, although no alluvial fans can be recognized. Only a few investigations deal with the provenance of the sandstones of the Buntsandstein. The distribution of facies belts points to an extended source area in the south comprising the Moldanubian (Bohemian) Massif.
    [Show full text]
  • The Knowledge of the Caddisfly Fauna (Insecta, Trichoptera) From
    ©Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, Deutschland,7 Download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Lauterbornia H. 16: 7-18, Dinkelscherben, April 1994 Zum Kenntnisstand der Köcherfliegen-Fauna (Insecta, Trichoptera) des Thüringer Waldes und Thüringer Bek- kens [The knowledge of the caddisfly fauna (Insecta, Trichoptera) from Thuringi- an Forest and Thuringian Basin] Ronald Bellstedt und Wolfgang Joost Mit 1 Tabelle Schlagwörter Trichoptera, Insecta, Thüringer Wald, Thüringer Becken, Thüringen, Deutschland, Faunistik, Erforschung A survey of the caddisfly fauna fromThuringian Forest and Thuringian Basin with a review of the research history is compiled. 144 species are presently known from Thuringian Forest and 86 spe­ cies from Thuringian Basin. 10 of them are considered to be extinct or missing. Faunistic remarks are given for a number of selected species. Es wird ein Überblick zur Köcherfliegenfauna von zwei Thüringer GroBlandschaften gegeben. Dabei ist die nahezu 100jährige Geschichte der thüringischen Trichopterenfoischung, welche sich in drei Etappen gliedern läßt, dargestellt. Nach dem gegenwärtigen Stand der Untersuchungen sind für den Thüringer Wald 144 Arten und für das Thüringer Becken 86 bekannt. Bei 10 Arten handelt es sich um alte Meldungen, die einer neueren Bestätigung bedürfen. Einige aktuelle Da­ ten von faunistisch bemerkenswerten Köcherfliegen werden vorgestellt. 1 Einleitung Im folgenden wird eine Gesamtschau über die Erforschungsgeschichte und ge­ genwärtige Kenntnis der Trichoptera in zwei Thüringer Großlandschaften ge­ geben.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammalia: Rodentia, Castoridae), with Notes on the Site Formation of the Mid-Pleistocene Hominin Locality Bilzingsleben Ii (Thuringia, Central Germany)
    FOSSIL IMPRINT • vol. 76 • 2020 • no. 1 • pp. 40–58 (formerly ACTA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE, Series B – Historia Naturalis) MORTALITY PROFILES OF CASTOR AND TROGONTHERIUM (MAMMALIA: RODENTIA, CASTORIDAE), WITH NOTES ON THE SITE FORMATION OF THE MID-PLEISTOCENE HOMININ LOCALITY BILZINGSLEBEN II (THURINGIA, CENTRAL GERMANY) WOLF-DIETER HEINRICH1, LUTZ CHRISTIAN MAUL2,* 1 Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany; e-mail: [email protected]. 2 Senckenberg Forschungsstation für Quartärpaläontologie, Am Jakobskirchhof 4, Weimar, Germany; e-mail: [email protected]. * corresponding author Heinrich, W.-D., Maul, L. C. (2020): Mortality profiles of Castor and Trogontherium (Mammalia: Rodentia, Castoridae), with notes on the site formation of the Mid-Pleistocene hominin locality Bilzingsleben II (Thuringia, Central Germany). – Fossil Imprint, 76(1): 40–58, Praha. ISSN 2533-4050 (print), ISSN 2533-4069 (on-line). Abstract: The Middle Pleistocene site Bilzingsleben II is well-known for its wealth of vertebrate and archaeological remains. Of particular importance is the record of Homo erectus bilzingslebenensis. Most palaeontologists consider the find horizon as a primary vertebrate deposit formed during human occupation, while some archaeologists attribute its formation to turbulent gravitational mass flows, inundation or a combination of both. Here we present mortality profiles of the beavers Castor and Trogontherium to provide further arguments to this controversial discussion. The mortality profiles ofCastor from Bilzingsleben II, Weimar-Ehringsdorf and Weimar-Taubach are largely identical indicating similar taphonomic filters that were effective in the formation of the find layers. Individuals, which were tentatively classified as suspected ±2–2½ year old beavers dominate by far in all three sites.
    [Show full text]
  • JORC Graefentonna Report
    ERCOSPLAN Ingenieurgesellschaft Geotechnik und Bergbau mbH JORC REPORT Arnstädter Strasse 28 99096 Erfurt Germany Phone: +49 361 3810 500 Fax: +49 361 3810 505 JORC compliant Report for the E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.ercosPlan.com Managing Director: Dr Henry Rauche Gräfentonna Exploration Li- cence Area, Federal State of Thuringia, Federal Republic of Germany This JORC REPORT contains 78 Pages 13 ApPendices Client: East Exploration GmbH Burgstraße 12 80331 München Germany Consultant: ERCOSPLAN Ingenieurgesellschaft Geotechnik und Bergbau mbH Arnstädter Straße 28 99096 Erfurt Germany Project Reference: 14-069.N02 Effective Date: 12 January 2017 Erfurt, 17 May 2017 Dr Henry Rauche Andreas Jockel Managing Director & C.E.O. EuroPean Geologist EuroPean Geologist JORC compliant Report for the Gräfentonna Exploration Licence Area, Federal State of Thuringia, Federal Republic of Germany 14-069.N02 Compliance Statement The information in this rePort that relates to ExPloration Targets, ExPloration Results, Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves is based on information comPiled by Andreas Jockel, a ComPe- tent Person who is a Member of a ‘Recognised Professional Organisation’ (RPO), the EuroPe- an Federation of Geologists, and a registered “European Geologist” (Registration Number 1018) and Dr Henry Rauche, a Competent Person who is a Member of a ‘Recognised Profes- sional Organisation’ (RPO), the EuroPean Federation of Geologists, and a registered “Europe- an Geologist” (Registration Number 729). Andreas Jockel and Dr Henry Rauche are full-term emPloyees of ERCOSPLAN Ingenieurge- sellschaft Geotechnik und Bergbau mbH (ERCOSPLAN). ERCOSPLAN, Andreas Jockel and Dr Henry Rauche are not associates or affiliates of East ExPloration GmbH, or of any associated comPany.
    [Show full text]
  • Maria Carina Dengg, 16.12.2020 for English See Below Das Im Rahmen
    Viabundus-Teilprojekt Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen: Dokumentation Maria Carina Dengg, 16.12.2020 For English see below Das im Rahmen des Projektes „Viabundus - Map of premodern European transport and mobility“ erfolgte und durch die Friedrich-Christian-Lesser-Stiftung geförderte Teilprojekt an der Otto-von- Guericke-Universität Magdeburg hatte zum Ziel, die von Friedrich Bruns und Hugo Weczerka vorgelegten Straßenverläufe im Hansische Handelsstraßen-Atlas im Raum südliches Sachsen- Anhalt und Nordthüringen digital zu kartieren und die Verläufe ggf. zu korrigieren. 1 Schon früh und insbesondere im Abgleich mit den von Fütterer 20162 vorgelegten Daten war klar, dass die in Bruns-Weczerka gezeichneten Routen nicht immer geographische Richtigkeit beanspruchen können. Dies ist der Methode Bruns-Weczerkas geschuldet; in historischer Tradition wurde sich hier an Reiseberichten und Itinerarien, sowie an alten Karten orientiert, die selten einen genauen Wegeverlauf wiedergeben. Entsprechend wurden die Strecken des Hansischen Handelsstraßen-Atlas im Abgleich mit einschlägiger Literatur nachvollzogen und sich bemüht, sie möglichst exakt zu kartieren. Dabei musste ein Kompromiss zwischen Pragmatismus und Genauigkeit eingegangen werden: So war es in der Kürze der Zeit weder Ziel noch möglich, jeden Wegeverlauf im Gelände zu rekonstruieren. Vielmehr wurde sich, wo möglich, auf bestehende Forschungen berufen, in anderen Fällen wurde sich an die Beschreibung von Bruns-Weczerka gehalten oder mittels des Wissens um mittelalterliche Wegefindung eine wahrscheinliche Strecke kartiert. Darüber hinaus musste gegenüber der Fülle der bekannten Altwegerelikte im Untersuchungsgebiet eine Auswahl getroffen werden, denn für das Ziel des Projekts, insbesondere Fernverbindungen zu kartieren, und im Interesse, die online-Anwendung übersichtlich zu halten, war es nicht zielführend, sämtliche Altwege zu implementieren.
    [Show full text]
  • And Type the TITLE of YOUR WORK in All Caps
    VIOLENCE AND RETALIATION: CIVILIAN AGENCY IN THURINGIA DURING THE THIRTY YEARS’ WAR by EVAN BREESE JOHNSON (Under the Direction of Benjamin Ehlers) ABSTRACT By analyzing the “Chronicon Thuringiae,” recorded by Volkmar Happe, councilor to the Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, this paper focuses upon the civilian response to and perception of the violence of the Thirty Years’ War. Happe’s work illuminates the repercussions of the conflict upon the civilian population and their attempt to comprehend it. This project seeks to assess the agency of civilians in response to the pervasive hostility which characterized much of the interactions between soldiers and civilians. Many civilians chose to resist with equally ferocious acts of violence, demonstrating a level of agency not often ascribed to non-combatants. The chronicle reveals a world turned upside down—violence extending through all levels of society, often irrespective of religious creed or ostensible political loyalties. This paper will seek to address these issues of war, society, and religion from the level of the civilians caught up in the Thirty Years’ War. INDEX WORDS: Agency; Apocalypticism; Early Modern; Germany; Gustavus Adolphus; Holy Roman Empire; Religion; Schwarzburg- Sondershausen; Society; Thuringia; Thirty Year’s War; Violence; Volkmar Happe; War. VIOLENCE AND RETALIATION: CIVILIAN AGENCY IN THURINGIA DURING THE THIRTY YEARS’ WAR by EVAN BREESE JOHNSON BA, Bryan College, 2011 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2014 © 2014 Evan Breese Johnson All Rights Reserved VIOLENCE AND RETALIATION: CIVILIAN AGENCY IN THURINGIA DURING THE THIRTY YEARS’ WAR by EVAN BREESE JOHNSON Major Professor: Benjamin Ehlers Committee: John Morrow Daniel Riches Electronic Version Approved: Julie Coffield Interim Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia August 2014 iv DEDICATION To my loving wife, without whose support this would not be.
    [Show full text]
  • Invest in Thuringia
    www.thats-thuringia.com Thuringia: 100 stories. 100 surprises. 7th Edition stories. 100 surprises. 100The 7th edition of a classic. TABLE OF CONTENTS | STORIES 1–50 TABLE OF CONTENTS | STORIES 51–100 Famous Exports Passionate about Life 01 | The Weimar Bauhaus 27 | The eventful history of Erfurt University 51 | Germany’s oldest long-distance trail 77 | The Deutscher Bühnenverein honours Tankred Dorst 02 | N3 Engine Overhaul Services 28 | The Mühlhausen legal code 52 | Willy Brandt in Erfurt 78 | Justus Perthes’ Geographic Institute 03 | Daimler has Thuringia ‘under the hood’ 29 | Toys from Thuringia 53 | Arnoldi revives the insurance industry 79 | Doing research in the Anna Amalia Library 04 | The story of the Oktoberfest 30 | Sugar cones for little sweethearts 54 | Playing cards from Altenburg 80 | The Schmalkald Articles 05 | Books from Poessneck 31 | The rose town Bad Langensalza 55 | Thomas Müntzer and the Peasants’ War 81 | Alfred Brehm and his ‘Life of Animals’ 06 | Microphones from Gefell 56 | Bicycle innovations from Thuringia 82 | Zughafen Erfurt 07 | The Brooklyn Bridge 57 | ‘Bernd the Talking Bread’ 83 | ‘Tatort Weimar’ 08 | Weimaraners in a New York subway station Worthwhile Destinations 58 | The first ‘Purity Law’ for beer 84 | The painter Otto Dix 09 | Hans Beck develops PLAYMOBIL 59 | Thuringia’s top athletes 85 | Georg II and the Meininger Staatstheater 10 | Weimar: the birthplace of German democracy 32 | Tübke’s panorama of the Peasants’ War 60 | Top biathletes meet in Oberhof 11 | Thuringian curricula at schools abroad
    [Show full text]
  • 00 Front Last.Indd
    MONOGRAPHS IN GERMAN HISTORY VOLUME 26 MONOGRAPHS IN GERMAN HISTORY After the ‘Socialist spring’ After After the ‘Socialist Spring’ VOLUME 26 COLLECTIVISATION AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN THE GDR George Last Historical analysis of the German Democratic Republic has tended to adopt a top-down model of the transmission of authority. However, developments were more complicated than the standard state/society dichotomy that has dominat- ed the debate among GDR historians. Drawing on a broad range of archival material from state and SED party sources as well as Stasi files and individual farm records along with some oral history interviews, this book provides a thorough investigation of the transformation of the rural sector from a range of perspectives. Focusing on the region of Bezirk Erfurt, the author examines on the one hand how East Germans responded to the end of private farming by resisting, manipulating but also participating in the new system of rural organization. However, he also shows how the regime sought via its representatives to imple- ment its aims with a combination of compromise and material incentive as well as administrative pressure and other more draconian measures. The reader thus gains valuable insight into the processes by which the SED regime attained stability in the 1970s and yet was increasingly vulnerable to growing popular dissatisfaction and economic stagnation and decline in the 1980s, leading to its eventual collapse. George Last holds a BA from Oxford University and took his MA and Ph.D. George Last at University College London, where he has also taught. He now works on value-for-money research for the National Audit Office.
    [Show full text]