National Report on Space Medicine Progress

SPACE SCIENCE ACTIVITIES IN CHINA

LI Yinghui, LI Weigang, DING Bai, WU Dawei, LIU Zhaoxia, HE Li, ZHOU Wanlong, XU Zi National Report 2016 (Institute of Space Medico-Engineering, Beijing 100094)

Abstract The development of Chinese manned space engineering has a great role in promoting the progress of Chinese space medicine. With the accelerated implementation of Chinese Space Station Program, China’s space medicine has made fruitful achievements over the past three years. This report summarizes the major progress of Chinese  space medicine in terms of basic research and space applications during 2016—2018. 2018

Key words Manned spaceflight, Space medicine, Countermeasures against weightlessness

E-mail: [email protected]

1. Introduction 2. Application and Research for Mid-term Flight China’s space medicine has made tremendous achievements with the initiation of the China Space Station 2.1 Astronaut’s Health Maintenance Project (CSSP) and the successful completion of Shen- zhou-11 and Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory mission Duration of staying on orbit in Shenzhou-11 and Tian- since 2016. The issues related to the countermeasure gong-2 mission has been extended to 30 days. The mid- against the physiological effects of weightlessness and term flight poses a great challenge to the health of the the maintenance for astronaut’s health have been basi- astronauts: changes in the cardiovascular system will cally solved. With the rapid advance of CSSP, the space experience the period of maximum response; muscle experiment of human physiology and medicine which atrophy, bone loss and decline of the immune function focuses on the key biomedical problems during long- will be more evident, and risk of disease increases. Fur- term spaceflight, have been systematically planned and thermore, the 2-person crew is required to have higher performed. Sustained and further development of basic emergency handling capability and psychological com- research and application in space medicine have accu- patibility. mulated theories and technologies for the implementa- The crew members’ physical and psychological con- tion of CSSP. Simultaneously, some active explorations ditions were kept well during the entire spaceflight mis- and research, oriented towards long-term plan of future sion, which was achieved by the comprehensive imple- deep space flight (e.g. manned Moon landing, Mars mentation of the countermeasures against the physio- exploration), have also been carried out in the field of logical effects of weightlessness, nutrition provision, space medicine[1,2]. psychological support, medical monitoring and support, This report gives a brief introduction to the develop- and other related technologies. After returning, the crew ment of China’s on-orbit and ground-based researches members’ routine physiological indicators recovered to in space medicine and the related plans during 2016 to their pre-flight levels within a relatively short duration. 2018. Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 mission enabled Chi-

LI Yinghui, et al. National Report on Space Medicine Progress

nese astronauts health maintaining technologies from a chological support, based on the technology of bidirec- short-term to mid-term flights, and accumulated various tional video and other technologies, were provided from space data on physical conditions, psychological state, both social and professional psychological support. energy intake amount, water intake volume, nutritional 2.1.4 Medical Supervision and Security metabolism, and so on. The medical supervision and security has enhanced the 2.1.1 Countermeasures Against Physiological Effects detection and evaluation of cardiovascular function for

National Report 2016 of Weightlessness mid-term flights. It has enriched the medical supervision Focusing on the major changes of physiology systems indicators that have guiding value for the judgment of caused by mid-term spaceflight, including cardiovascu- health status and disease diagnosis, and added and veri- lar dysfunction, muscle atrophy, bone loss, immune fied medical monitoring techniques such as urinalysis function decrease, and so on, a countermeasure protocol and ultrasound. for physiological effects of weightlessness was studied The new telemedicine is a collaborative consultation, and established, which accommodates the requirements comprehensive use of remote medical platform, data- for the 30-day stay of on-orbit astronauts, monitoring base and other means to provide decision support for the 

2018 and evaluation of protective effects in astronaut against medical treatment of complex medical problems. Neu- physiological effects of weightlessness. romuscular stimulation is used for massage physiother-

2.1.2 Nutrition Provision and Supplementation apy and auxiliary muscle function exercise. Based on the changes in the supply requirements of die- 2.2 Experiments On-orbit tary nutrients, which is raised by prolonged spaceflight duration, the nutrient supply standards were studied and China Astronaut Center (ACC) established Space established with regard to reasonable energy absorption Laboratory Project Team, which carried out studies on and supplementation against vitamins and minerals in- “Human Health,” “Human Behavioral Research,” “Hu- sufficiency. Vitamins and minerals were supplemented man Engineering Technology,” and “Human Safeguarding against the biomedical problems of bone calcium loss Technology Verification.” There are 16 experimental and insufficient vitamin intake during prolonged space- studies and technical verifications in above 4 directions. flight. In addition, the variety of foods was enriched and Among them, 10 experiments in the field of space me- the recipe and sensory acceptance were enriched, which dicine on human health and human performance were improved astronauts’ appetite and. The on-orbit dynamic completed. nutrition assessment and guidance were strengthened. 2.2.1 Human Health Research Nutritional provision and supplementation have For 30d flight in orbit, the cardiovascular physiology solved the issues of dietary nutrient supply standards for effect will begin to transit to the plateau after undergo- mid-term spaceflight, further enriched the variety of ing the peak change phase. ‘Cardiospace’ cooperation foods, improved the acceptance of recipe and food sen- between ACC and CNES was performed during Shen- sory acceptance, and ensured the astronaut’s on-orbit zhou-11 and Tiangong-2 mission to study cardiovascu- nutritional balance. lar function in space and to investigate the characteris- 2.1.3 Psychological Support tics of the flight at different time intervals. This research For prolonged flight mission, the observation of psy- is the first time in China to carry out on-orbit ultrasound chological state was strengthened, and the medium and testing, which verifies the interaction support mode of long-term flight psychological support model was ex- complex medical operation world and acquires valuable plored, providing more comprehensive and effective ultrasound imaging data of important organs. The car- psychological protection. diovascular and static physiological regulation charac- Psychological protection adopts a psychological teristics of the cardiovascular system before and after support model that combines regular and on-demand flight and different phases of flight were systematically measures, focusing on strengthening psychological state acquired. The characteristic effects of space flight on observation and psychological support such as psycho- the integrated physiological regulation mechanism of logical self-adjustment and targeted psychological in- the cardiovascular system and the system was initially tervention. Considering the individual needs and wishes established. Integrating the cardiovascular physiological of astronauts, more comprehensive and effective psy- function analysis method laid the foundation for the

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mission-related technology application of the space station. and cognitive effects, space nutrition, drugs for protec- In other experiments, research data were continu- tion, and related technologies for space medicine ex- ously accumulated, such as aerospace nutrient metabo- periments, researches were carried out on ground-based lism, sleep-wake biological rhythms, on-orbit emotional experiments from molecules, cells, organs and the body characteristics, in-orbit noise effects, changes of smell level, to explore the effects of mid & long-term space- in orbit, and pharmacokinetics. flight on astronauts and health maintenance measures. 2.2.2 Researches on Human Performance 4.1 Microgravity Physiological Effects and National Report 2016 In space station, the mission on-orbit had become more Coutermeasures difficult and more complex. Long-term flight and workload will affect the astronauts’ mental load. The research 45d-6° Head-Down Bed Rest(HDBR) on the change of on-orbit mental load can provides 45d-6° HDBR caused significant decrease in physical support for establishing techniques of brain load as- exercise cardiopulmonary function. Traditional Chinese sessment during long- term flight. At the same time, it medicine Hongyi capsule can effectively counter this [4] continuously collects astronaut on-orbit coordination data. type of decrease . The moderate-intensity exercise

based on artificial gravity can effectively resist the de-  2018 3. “Space 180” Experiments crease of endurance and anaerobic exercise tolerance [5]

caused by 45d-6° HDBR . The 4-person 180-day integrated experiment in CELSS Researches on Muscle Atrophy was aimed at to develop biological regenerative life Researches on miR-491 identified it as a novel nega- support and health maintenance technologies on future tive regulator of myogenic differentiation through tar- engineering applications. It was designed and operated geting myomaker [6]. Studies on Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoc- for a monthly/firebase controlled ecological life support tion (BZ) indicated that BZ could protect muscles from system, with long-term closure, high degree of material simulated weightlessness-induced atrophy. BZ signifi- closure, and characteristic integrated ecological health- cantly downregulated nuclear receptor corepressor 1 care system integration technology. With the character- (NCoR1) expression, and further induced muscle dif- istics of biology regeneration, organic integration of ferentiation and metabolism by regulating NCoR1-as- physical-chemical regeneration and environmental con- sociated gene expression in vivo and in vitro[7]. The trol technology, a third generation environment control study of plasticity and mechanism of muscle satellite and life support system suitable for multi-occupant was cells in weightless muscle atrophy revealed that in the [3] constructed . process of weightless muscle atrophy, the number of The 4-person 180-day integrated experiment achieved muscle satellite cells in silence was significantly in- more than 1700 data collections between the controlled creased, and the number of activated satellite cells was ecological life support technology and medical experi- significantly decreased, and the muscle satellites with ment research, which accumulating valuable experience myogenic differentiation potential were observed. By in expanding the scientific exploration of human living comparative analysis of the Smad3 gene knockout and space. Among them, human-environment interaction its littermate wild-type mice, the differences in the plas- research mainly focuses on the following five aspects: ticity of muscle satellite cells in weightless muscle at- psycho-physiological interaction research, biological rophy revealed the key role of Smad3 in regulating the rhythm research, molecular methylation, health inter- plasticity of weight loss muscle atrophy satellite cells[8]. vention and human factor and sound environment Results of multi-electroacupuncture stimulation on evaluation. There were 15 medical experiment projects the soleus muscle atrophy in simulated weightless rats including teams from France and Germany. showed that the number of nuclei increased and no in- flammatory cell infiltration was observed in the 30d tail 4. Researches on Ground-based suspension and multi-acupoint stimulation group com- [9] Experiments pared with the 30d tail suspension group . Researches on Drugs Focused on microgravity physiological effects, space Studies showed that crushed bone debris can promote radiation, environmental factors, space human behavior bone cell proliferation under weightlessness, and its

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mechanism is related to the activation of ERK path- ment and its mechanisms, and putting forward effective way[10]. Other researchers observed the effects of total protective measures. A recent study shows that the level flavones of rhizoma drynariae on the proliferation of of mental workload of the participants in the implemen- osteoblasts and JNK pathway changes under weight- tation of the same working memory task in a noisy en- lessness. It was concluded that rhizoma drynariae can vironment can be increased, but the improvement is re- promote the proliferation of osteoblasts under simulated duced when the task is difficult[20].

National Report 2016 weightlessness, its mechanism may be achieved by in- 4.3 Cognitive and Behavior hibition of JNK pathway[11-13]. Effects of natural product functional components and Effect of changes in posture for 30 minutes on intraocu- calcium ion-bound chelates on mice by tail suspension lar pressure and visual acuity was studied and the results to simulated weightless was explored, and results revealed that under the effect of microgravity, the in- showed that the black fungus peptide calcium chelate traocular pressure will increase and the overall visual has a certain degree of protective effect on bone loss in ability will probably decrease[21]. mouse by hindlimb unloading model[14]. Effects of as- Simulated weightlessness in tail suspension can af- 

2018 tragaloside A and vitamin D3 on the proliferation of fect the morphology and number of hippocampal neu- primary rat osteoblasts in two-dimensional rotational rons in rats, down-regulate the expression of learning

cultures: a single use of astragaloside or vitramin D3 and memory-related molecules, and up-regulate the ex- both promotes the proliferation of normal cultured os- pression of proapoptotic-related molecules[22]. teoblasts and promotes proliferation[15]. Under simulated The research on the application of voice interaction weightlessness, different doses of EPCP showed differ- technology in the remote operation of the robot arm ent protective effects on osteoblast cycle, apoptosis, and shows that, for the semi-autonomous control task of the [16] alkaline phosphatase activity, respectively . robot arm, the voice control method can obviously im- It showed that acanthopanax senticosus saponins prove the operation speed, reduce the control difficulty, could improve the blood fat, blood glucose and immune reduce operating load, visual and cognitive load proc- function of rats induced by simulated weightlessness for essing load[23]. 4 weeks, and had little effect on liver and kidney function[17]. The efficacy of levofloxacin in the treatment of 4.4 Space Nutrition infectious pneumonia is reduced under the simulated Observed effects of hydrogen-rich water on rats’ intes- [18] weightless environment . tinal microflora under simulated weightlessness showed 4.2 Environmental Medicine that the copy number of enterococci and E. coli in the intestine increased, while the copy number of C. per- Space Radiation Effects and Protection fringens decreased, and hydrogen-rich water on the in- Research on space radiation impact and protection testine Cocci have a significant inhibitory effect[24]. focuses on solving the effects of space radiation risk 30-day HDBR can cause a significant decrease in the factors, studying the biological hazards of aerospace number of bifidobacteria, which suggests that the simu- special environmental factors on the organism and its lated weightlessness leads to intestinal flora imbalance, mechanisms, and putting forward effective protective edible composite living bacterium preparation can be in measures. Studies using juvenile squid as an experi- a certain extent, promote the proliferation of bifidobac- mental animal have found that mimicking spatial radia- teria, can antagonize the intestinal flora disorder by [25] tion on the ground can cause adverse effects such as simulated weightlessness . oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, death of cell pro- 4.5 Advanced Researches gramming, and fluctuations in DNA damage and oxidative phosphorylation[19]. Technologies for Space Medical Experiments Noise Studies Space medicine research needs the support of special The impact of in-cabin environmental factors and experimental equipment that adapts to the aerospace protection research focuses on solving the effects of environment. The development of technologies for on- harmful factors such as noise in manned spacecraft, orbit of cells and overall medical experiments can pro- studying the biological hazards of the cabin environ- vide important support and guarantees for space medi-

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cine research. Such R&D have made progress rapidly, logical effects of weightlessness and its mechanisms is for example, a controllable internal flow path, with an important direction for the study of physiological anti-leakage, anti-pollution ability of the entire trans- mechanisms of weightlessness. In the future should fo- [26] parent and closed cell culture plate , and a kind of re- cus on the efficacy of weightlessness against protection, liable performance, simple operation and maintenance, in-depth study of the dose-effect relationship and indi- low cost and bring valve control function of the pump vidualized solutions of power load and endurance load, head split type dc micro motor driven peristaltic pump [27] and develop the follow-up, target, and intelligent inte- National Report 2016 was developed recently. grated protection technology based on Chinese tradi- Studies for Lunar Mission tional medical theory and latest knowledge discovery. It Simulating the effect of lunar gravity on the human is highly concerned about the ability of gravity re-adap- cardiovascular system and its autonomic regulation tation after long-term flight, and the active recovery characteristics showed that compared with the supine technology after development. To expand the applica- position, the control group had a higher heart rate and a tion of health risk assessment, early warning and man- higher diastolic pressure during the period of bed height agement based on data platform construction. At the 

of 10°. There was no significant change in heart rate and same time, space station medical applications should be 2018 blood pressure in the socks group. It shows that there is taken as the traction, facing the goal of surviving from no obvious change in heart rate and blood pressure un- the ground, and promoting the construction of major der simulated lunar gravity conditions, but the auto- national scientific research infrastructure based on nomic control is increased. Lower limbs wearing a simulated low-gravity and artificial gravity integrated compression sock combined with a bed height of 10° system platforms, and theoretical and technical reserves can be used to simulate the effects of lunar gravity on for follow-up missions. human cardiovascular[28]. A study using Lunar Soil Simulant (LSS) to explore Reference the pathological changes of acute lung injury induced by LSS was completed. It indicated that LSS may have [1] Chen Shanguang, Deng Yibing, Li Yinghui. Major Progresses and Prospects of Space Medico-Engineering. Space Medicine & stronger pulmonary toxicity than PM2.5, which can Medical Engineering, 2018, 31(2): 79-89 cause lung parenchyma damage and produce inflamma- [2] Liu Weibo, Chen Jindun, Deng Yibing. Support and Promotion of [29] tory lesions . Space Medico-Engineering in Construction of China’s Space Sta- The study of space radiation risk assessment con- tion. Space Medicine & Medical Engineering, 2018, 31(2): 90-96 ducted by a simulated manned lunar exploration mission [3] Xu Zi, Yu Qingni, Zhang liangchang, Xiong Jianghui, Ai Weidang, Qu Lina, Wu Zhiqiang, Wang Linjie, Dong Wenping, Guo Shuang- showed that as the shielding thickness increases, the sheng, Tang Yongkang, Deng Yibing, Li Yinghui. Overview of astronaut's absorbed dose and dose equivalents and ef- 4-person 180-day Integranted Experiment in Controlled Ecological fective doses of various tissues or organs are signifi- Life Support System. Space Medicine & Medical Engineering, cantly reduced. The method of mass screening has a 2018, 31(2): 264-272 good protective effect on protons below 100 MeV, but [4] Li Jinglong, Liu Hongju, Zhang Xiaodong, Zhao Qi, Tan Cheng, Tang Zhizhong, Ren Wei, ChenShanguang, Chen Xiaoping. Effects the protective effect on high-energy protons or heavy of 45d -6Head-down Bed Rest on Human Cardiopulmonary Func- ions is not obvious. The calculation and analysis show tion and Protection of Rhodi-olarosea．Space Medicine & Medical that the space radiation risk of the astronauts is control- Engineering, 2016, 29(3): 185-188 lable as long as appropriate protective measures are [5] Li Xiaotao, Gao Yuan, Zhao Jiangdong, Sun Jing, Yang Changbin, Shi Fei, Wang Yongchun, Sun Xiqing．Effects of Artificial Gravity taken during manned lunar exploration [30]. Combined with Moderate Exercise on Aerobic and Anaerobic Powers after 4 d Head-down Bed Rest. Space Medicine & Medical 5. Future Expectations Engineering, 2016, 29(2): 95-100 [6] He Jian, Wang Fei, Zhang Peng, Li Wenjiong, Wang Jing, Li Jin- More than 50 years of manned space flight shows that glong, Liu Hongju, Chen Xiaoping. MiR-491 inhibits skeletal mus- deepening the understanding of the physiological effects cle differentiation through targeting myomaker. Archives of Bio- chemistry and Biophysics 625-626 (2017): 30-38 under microgravity and advance the protection capabil- [7] Zhu Mu, Liu Zhongyang, Gao Mingze, Zhang Yan, Li Yuheng, ity is the primary task for space medicine. Ling Shukuan, Zhang Pengfei, Zhao Chenyang, Jiang Lijun, Liu Yu, The systemic regulation theory that forms the physio- Li Qi, Li Dong, Hu Sumin and Li Yingxian. The effect of Bu

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Zhong Yi Qi decoction on simulated weightlessness-induced mus- Xiaohui, Cui Yimin, Cui Yan. Therapeutic effects of levofloxacin cle atrophy and its mechanisms. Molecular Medicine Reports. 2017, in a rat model of pneumonia under simulated weightlessness envi- 16: 5165-5174 ronment. Chin Hosp Pharm J, Apr 2016, Vol 36, No.7: 544-547 [8] Li JingLong, Liu HongJu, Wang Fei, He Jian, Li WenJiong, Ren [19] Song Y, Salbu B, Teien H C, et al. Hepatic transcriptional re- Wei, Chen XiaoPing. The Plastic Changes and Mechanism of Mus- sponses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar ) exposed to gammaradia- cle Satellite Cells in Weightless Muscle Atrophy. Progress in Bio- tion and depleted uranium singly and in combination. Science of chemistry and Biophysics.2016, 43(6): 607-615 the Total Environment, 2016, 562: 270-279. [9] Wang Desheng, Zhang He, Du Fang, Li Zhili, Wang Honghui, [20] Jiang Jin, Jiao Xuejun, Zhang Zhen, Cao Yong, Yang Hanjun. In- National Report 2016 Yuan Ming, Liu Shujuan, Qu Lina, Ding Bai, Wang Huijuan, Chen vestigation on Changes of mental workload under noise environ- Wenjuan, Zhang Jianfeng, Wang Yanqing, Zhong Yue, Zhang Jia- ment with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Space Medicine & yuan, Wang Minjie, Ji Bo, Li Yinghui．Research on Electroacu- Medical Engineering, 2016, 29(5): 339-346 puncture Stimulation to Multiple Acupoint Against Soleus Atrophy [21] Yu Hongqiang, JiangTing, Wang Chunhui．Effects of 30 min Pos- in Simulated Weightlessness Rats. Space Medicine & Medical En- tural Change on Intraocular Pressure and Visual Performance. Space gineering, 2017, 30(3): 180-184 Medicine & Medical Engineering, 2016, 29(3): 195-200 [10] Ling Shukuan, Zhong Guohui, Sun Weijia, Liang Fengji, Wu Feng, [22] Wang Tingmei, Zhang Yongliang, Wang Yanli, Chen Hailong, Ji Li Hongxing, Li Yuheng, Zhao Dingsheng, Song Jinping, Jin Guohua, Lü Ke, Li Yinghui, QuLina. Effects of Tail-suspension on Xiaoyan, Wu Xiaorui, Song Hailin, Li Qi, Li Yinghui, Chen Shan- Memory and Apoptosis Related Protein Expression in Rat Hippo- 

2018 guang, Xiong Jianghui, Li Yingxian. Circulating microRNAs Cor- campus．Space Medicine ＆ Medical Engineering, 2016, 29(4): related with Bone Loss Induced by 45 Days of Bed Rest. Frontiers 235-239 in Physiology, 2017, 8: 1-12 [23] Tan Lifen, Tian Zhiqiang, Liu Liang, Wang Chunhui．Research on

[11] Yin Wenzhe, Xing Chengliang, Wang Jianye, Sun Qifeng, Lu Application of Speech Interaction Technology in Teleoperation of Chengqian, Chu Yanjie. Proliferation of OB Intervened by TFDF Robotic Manipulator． Space Medicine & Medical Engineering, through ERK pathway under Weightless Condition. Acta Chinese 2017, 30(4): 298-303 Medicine and Pharmacology. 2017, Vol.45, No.5, Oct. 45-48 [24] Zhang Guowen, Lan Haiyun, Lei Langwei, Li Yingxian, Jin Xiao- [12] Qi Pengfei, Yin Wenzhe, Sun Qifeng, Lu Chengqian, Chu Yanjie, yan,Tian Hongtao, Chen Bin. Effects of hydrogenrich water on in- Du Tingyuan. Inhibitory Effect of Drynaria Total Flavone on JNK testinal flora of simulating weightlessness rats. Food Science and Pathway and Promoting Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Technology. 2017, 42(5): 41-46 in Weightless Environment. Acta Chinese Medicine. 2016, 31(11): [25] Zheng Yongjun, Dong Haisheng, Sun Qi, et al．Effects of com- 1742-1745 pound probiotics on intestinal Bifidobacteria under simulated [13] Deng Chuanchao, Yin Wenzhe, Du Tingyuan, Gu Shoubin, Lu weightlessness. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2016, Chengqian, Chu Yanjie. Role of JNK pathway in total flavonoidsin 34(4): 50-53 drynaria fortunei affect onosteoblast increasing in weightlessness. [26] Tan Yingjun, Shi Liujia, Wang Chunyan, Nie Jielin, Gu Yin, Yu Journal of Harbin Medical University. 2016, Vol.50, No.5, Oct. Jianru, Wan Yunmin, Li Yinghui. Development and Validation of a 403-406 Closed Cell Culture Plate for Space Applications. Space Medicine [14] Qu Hang, Yi Juanjuan, Hu Junfei, Wang Zhenyu．Protective Effect ＆ MedicalEngineering, 2017, 30(2): 92-97 of Auricularia auricula Peptide Chelating with Ca2+ on Hindlimb [27] Shi Liujia, Wang Chunyan, Nie Jielin, Gu Yin, Yu Jianru, Wan Unloaded Bone Loss of Mouse. Space Medicine & Medical Engi- Yunmin, Tan Yingjun．A Split-pump-head DC Motor Driven Mi- neering, 2017, 30(1): 18-24 cropump for Space Cell Culture System．Space Medicine & [15] Wang Tingmei, Mei Qibing, Qu Lina, Li Yinghui. Effect of As- Medical Engineering, 2017, 30(5): 352-356

tragaloside Ⅳ Combined with Vitamin D3 on Proliferation of Rat [28] Zou Peng, He Siyang, Zhao Qi, Niu Dongbin, Wang Huijuan, Chen Primary Osteoblasts During 2D-Clinorotation Culture. Chemistry & Wenjuan, Yang Honghui, Li Zhili, Zhang Jianfeng, Liu Boming, Bioengineering. 2016, Vol.33 No.02.31-49 Wang Linjie．Effects of Simulated Lunar Gravity on Cardiovascular [16] Diao yan, Wei Lijun, Wang Rui, Wang Zhenyu．Protective Effects Changes and Their Autonomic Nervous Regulation Characteristics of Extracts of Pinus Koraiensis Cone on Dysfunction of Osteoblasts in Human Body. Space Medicine ＆ Medical Engineering, 2018, Induced by Simulated Weightlessness． Space Medicine & Medical 31(1): 7-11 Engineering, 2016, 29(6): 396-402 [29] Sun Yan, Zheng Hongnan, Zhang Xianyao, Li Xuejing, Yang Dan, [17] Liu Jun-lian, Zhong Yue, Yi Yong, Wu Xiao-rui, Fan Quan-chun, Ma Jihao．Pathological Changes of Acute Pulmonary Injury in Rats Zhao Shuang, Bai Gui. Effects of Acanthopanax Senticosus sapon- Induced by Tracheal Perfusion of Lunar Soil Simulant. Space inon blood lipid, blood glucose, immune function, liver and renal Medicine ＆ Medical Engineering, 2017, 30(2): 149-151 function in simulated weightlessness rats. CJTCMP, October 2017, [30] Zhao Lei, Guo Yiyi, Mi Dong, Sun Yeqing. Space radiation risk Vol. 32, No. 10 assessment for astronauts in simulated manned lunar exploration. [18] Xu Bingxin, Wu Jihua, Yan Hongfeng, Li Bing, Si Shaoyan, Wang Spacecraft Environment Engineering. 2016,Vol. 33, No. 6.571-580

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