An Empirical Approach for Tunnel Support Design Through Q and Rmi Systems in Fractured Rock Mass
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Transport and Communications
Chapter 14 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS A well functioning Transport and communication I. TRANSPORT system is a critical pre-requisite for a country’s i. Road Transport development. Investment in the infrastructure directly affects economic growth through many Road transport is the backbone of Pakistan’s changes such as allowing producers to find the transport system, accounting for 90 percent of best markets for their goods, reducing national passenger traffic and 96 percent of freight transportation time and cost and generating movement. Over the past ten years, road traffic – employment opportunity. In addition, efficient both passenger and freight – has grown much transport and communication systems also have faster than the country’s economic growth. The network effects and allow adoption of latest 10,849 km long National Highway and Motorway production techniques such as just-in time network contributes 4.2 percent of the total road manufacturing. network. They carry 90 percent of Pakistan’s total traffic. Infrastructure development has been a priority area for Pakistan as evidenced by a number of Pakistan, with about 156 million people, has a projects completed or in progress. Major reasonably developed transport system. However, infrastructure projects completed during the last when compared with other developed and seven years include: Islamabad-Lahore Motorway developing countries, the road density of Pakistan (M-2), Makran Costal Highway, Nauttal-Sibi is low. This fact is documented in Fig-14.1. A section including Sibi Bypass, Dera Allah Yar- commonly used indicator for development of the Nauttal Section, Khajuri-Bewata Section N-70, road system is road density (total length of road / Kohat Tunnel and Access Roads, Mansehar-Naran total area), which is often used as an index of Section, Karachi Northern Bypass, Qazi Ahmed & prosperity, economic activity and development. -
Pakistan-U.S. Relations
Pakistan-U.S. Relations K. Alan Kronstadt Specialist in South Asian Affairs July 1, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL33498 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Pakistan-U.S. Relations Summary A stable, democratic, prosperous Pakistan actively combating religious militancy is considered vital to U.S. interests. U.S. concerns regarding Pakistan include regional and global terrorism; Afghan stability; democratization and human rights protection; the ongoing Kashmir problem and Pakistan-India tensions; and economic development. A U.S.-Pakistan relationship marked by periods of both cooperation and discord was transformed by the September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and the ensuing enlistment of Pakistan as a key ally in U.S.-led counterterrorism efforts. Top U.S. officials praise Pakistan for its ongoing cooperation, although long-held doubts exist about Islamabad’s commitment to some core U.S. interests. Pakistan is identified as a base for terrorist groups and their supporters operating in Kashmir, India, and Afghanistan. Pakistan’s army has conducted unprecedented and, until recently, largely ineffectual counterinsurgency operations in the country’s western tribal areas, where Al Qaeda operatives and pro-Taliban militants are said to enjoy “safe haven.” U.S. officials increasingly are concerned that indigenous religious extremists represent a serious threat to the stability of the Pakistani state. The United States strongly encourages maintenance of a bilateral cease-fire and a continuation of substantive dialogue between Pakistan and neighboring India, which have fought three wars since 1947. A perceived Pakistan-India nuclear arms race has been the focus of U.S. -
CTC Sentinel Objective
FEBRUARY 2011 . VOL 4 . ISSUE 2 COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT WEST POINT CTC SentineL OBJECTIVE . RELEVANT . RIGOROUS Contents The Muslim Brotherhood’s FEATURE ARTICLE 1 The Muslim Brotherhood’s Role in Role in the Egyptian Revolution the Egyptian Revolution By Steven Brooke and Shadi Hamid By Steven Brooke and Shadi Hamid REPORTS 4 Revolution in Tunisia and Egypt: A Blow to the Jihadist Narrative? By Nelly Lahoud 5 AQIM’s Objectives in North Africa By Geoff D. Porter 9 The Tribal Allegiance System Within AQIM By Mathieu Guidere 11 The Violent Shift in Hizb al-Tahrir’s Rhetoric By Madeleine Gruen 14 Baltimore’s Jamaat al-Muslimeen: Promoting a Radical but Disciplined Message on Jihad By J.M. Berger 17 Recent Highlights in Terrorist Activity 20 CTC Sentinel Staff & Contacts An Egyptian anti-government protester celebrates in Cairo’s Tahrir Square on February 12, 2011. - Photo by Patrick Baz/AFP/Getty Images n february 11, 2011, Egypt had Missing from the discussion is an attempt its revolution when President to put the Brotherhood’s actions during Hosni Mubarak finally the protests in historical perspective. stepped down after 18 days Doing so reveals that the Brotherhood’s Oof massive protests. With the military cautious approach to the protests over taking control and promising a transition the last few tumultuous weeks has been to democracy, the question of what in large part an extension of the group’s comes next has acquired a particular strategy of the past decades: a preference urgency. Specifically, Western fears of for incremental rather than revolutionary About the CTC Sentinel the Muslim Brotherhood stepping into change, caution and pragmatism, and The Combating Terrorism Center is an the political vacuum have re-energized close cooperation with other Egyptian independent educational and research a longstanding debate about the role of political actors. -
Chapter 2 Chapter 2
Chapter 2 AnAn OverviewOverview ofof EvaluationEvaluation ResultsResults ChapterChapter 22 AnAn OverviewOverview ofof EvaluationEvaluation ResultsResults 2.1 Results of ODA Evaluations by MOFA Chapter 2 mainly introduces the concrete cases on Japan’s Assistance for Forest Conservation and its of ODA evaluation conducted by MOFA, other Contribution to Global Issues,” and “Evaluation on ministries/agencies, and JICA and JBIC, the Japan's Support for Regional Cooperation (A Case implementing agencies. Study of Central America).” Program-level evaluations include three sector evaluations: “Evaluation Study on Japan's ODA to the An Overview of Evaluation Results Chapter 2 2.1.1 An Overview of FY2006 Evaluation Health Sector in Thailand,” “Evaluation on Japan's ODA evaluation of MOFA in FY2006 includes 8 ODA to the Education Sector in the Independent policy-level evaluations, 5 program-level evaluations, State of Samoa,” “Evaluation on Road and Bridge and 81 project-level evaluations, totaling up to 94 sector of Japan's Official Development Assistance evaluations. in Sri Lanka;” which essentially examined all ODA In terms of policy-level evaluations, MOFA carried activities undertaken in a specific sector of a given out five country policy evaluations on Bhutan, country. Two aid modality evaluations: “Evaluation Madagascar, Morocco, Vietnam, and Zambia, and on Japan's Development Studies,” and “Country-Led conducted three priority issue evaluations, which Evaluation on Japan's Grant Assistance for Grassroots examined Japan’s assistance policies based upon Human Security Projects (Afghanistan), were also each priority issue: “Evaluation on Japan's ODA for conducted, assessing the performances of the Japan’s Agriculture and Rural Development,” “Evaluation aid modalities. -
Due Diligence Report
Due Diligence Report July 2017 PAK: Multitranche Financing Facility Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor Development Investment Program Dara Adamkhel–Peshawar, Section III Prepared by Sambo Engineering Co., Ltd., Korea and Associated Consultancy Center (PVT) Ltd., Pakistan for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 30 May 2017) Currency Unit – Pakistan Rupee/s (PRs) PRs 1.00 = USD $0.00953 USD $1.00 = PRs 104.919 Acronym AD Assistant Director ADB Asian Development Bank DPs Displaced Persons COI Corridor of Impact DD Deputy Director DO(R) District Officer (Revenue) EDO Executive District Officer EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan GM General Manager GOP Government of Pakistan IP’s Indigenous People km Kilometres LAA Land Acquisition Act 1894 LAR Land Acquisition and Resettlement LARP Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MFF Multi-Tranche Financial Facility NTC National Trade Corridor NGO Non-Governmental Organization NHA National Highway Authority PMU Project Management Unit ROW Right-of-Way SPS Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 This due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. -
CTC Sentinel 4
FEBRUARY 2011 . VOL 4 . ISSUE 2 COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT WEST POINT CTC SentineL OBJECTIVE . RELEVANT . RIGOROUS Contents The Muslim Brotherhood’s FEATURE ARTICLE 1 The Muslim Brotherhood’s Role in Role in the Egyptian Revolution the Egyptian Revolution By Steven Brooke and Shadi Hamid By Steven Brooke and Shadi Hamid REPORTS 4 Revolution in Tunisia and Egypt: A Blow to the Jihadist Narrative? By Nelly Lahoud 5 AQIM’s Objectives in North Africa By Geoff D. Porter 9 The Tribal Allegiance System Within AQIM By Mathieu Guidere 11 The Violent Shift in Hizb al-Tahrir’s Rhetoric By Madeleine Gruen 14 Baltimore’s Jamaat al-Muslimeen: Promoting a Radical but Disciplined Message on Jihad By J.M. Berger 17 Recent Highlights in Terrorist Activity 20 CTC Sentinel Staff & Contacts An Egyptian anti-government protester celebrates in Cairo’s Tahrir Square on February 12, 2011. - Photo by Patrick Baz/AFP/Getty Images n february 11, 2011, Egypt had Missing from the discussion is an attempt its revolution when President to put the Brotherhood’s actions during Hosni Mubarak finally the protests in historical perspective. stepped down after 18 days Doing so reveals that the Brotherhood’s Oof massive protests. With the military cautious approach to the protests over taking control and promising a transition the last few tumultuous weeks has been to democracy, the question of what in large part an extension of the group’s comes next has acquired a particular strategy of the past decades: a preference urgency. Specifically, Western fears of for incremental rather than revolutionary About the CTC Sentinel the Muslim Brotherhood stepping into change, caution and pragmatism, and The Combating Terrorism Center is an the political vacuum have re-energized close cooperation with other Egyptian independent educational and research a longstanding debate about the role of political actors. -
FHWA/TX-07/0-5202-1 Accession No
Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA/TX-07/0-5202-1 Accession No. 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Determination of Field Suction Values, Hydraulic Properties, August 2005; Revised March 2007 and Shear Strength in High PI Clays 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Jorge G. Zornberg, Jeffrey Kuhn, and Stephen Wright 0-5202-1 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Center for Transportation Research 11. Contract or Grant No. The University of Texas at Austin 0-5202 3208 Red River, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78705-2650 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Texas Department of Transportation Technical Report Research and Technology Implementation Office September 2004–August 2006 P.O. Box 5080 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Austin, TX 78763-5080 15. Supplementary Notes Project performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Project Title: Determination of Field Suction Values in High PI Clays for Various Surface Conditions and Drain Installations 16. Abstract Moisture infiltration into highway embankments constructed by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) using high Plasticity Index (PI) clays results in changes in shear strength and in flow pattern that leads to recurrent slope failures. In addition, soil cracking over time increases the rate of moisture infiltration. The overall objective of this research is to determine the suction, hydraulic properties, and shear strength of high PI Texas clays. Specifically, two comprehensive experimental programs involving the characterization of unsaturated properties and the shear strength of a high PI clay (Eagle Ford clay) were conducted. -
Evaluation of Soil Dilatancy
The Influence of Grain Shape on Dilatancy Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Cox, Melissa Reiko Brooke Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 24/09/2021 03:25:54 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195563 THE INFLUENCE OF GRAIN SHAPE ON DILATANCY by MELISSA REIKO BROOKE COX ________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WITH A MAJOR IN CIVIL ENGINEERING In the Graduate College THE UNIVERISTY OF ARIZONA 2 0 0 8 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Melissa Reiko Brooke Cox entitled The Influence of Grain Shape on Dilatancy and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ___________________________________________________________________________ Date: October 17, 2008 Muniram Budhu ___________________________________________________________________________ Date: October 17, 2008 Achintya Haldar ___________________________________________________________________________ Date: October 17, 2008 Chandrakant S. Desai ___________________________________________________________________________ Date: October 17, 2008 John M. Kemeny Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. -
National Highway Authority I FEDEMUPROVINCIALGOW
I I I NationalHighway Authority (Procurementand Contract Administration Section) 28 MauveArea, Sector G-gh,lslamabad (Pakistanf Phone:+92-5 1-9032727, Fax: +92-5 1 -92604L9 Fnifrro'.vri$r.a'Arr Documentsfor Submission To PublicProcurement Regulatory Authority FOR CONSULTANCYSERVICES FOR REVIEW, ADJUSTMENT OFROAD AND STRUCTURES DESIGN, CONSTRUCTIOT{ SUPERVISIONAND CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION OF souTH ANDNORTH ACCESS ROAD (PACKAGE-II) OF 7.3 KM LENGTHEACH (TOTAL 15 KM)OF IOWARI TUNNEL February, 20Lg I I ATTACHMENT- I I (Seerequlation 2) GONTRACTAWARD PROFORMA. I I To Be FilledAnd Uploadedon PPRAWebsite in Respectof All PublicContracts of Works, NAMEOF THE ORGANIZATION/DEPTT, National Highway Authority I FEDEMUPROVINCIALGOW. FederalGovt (Atonomous Body) TITLEOF CONTRACT ConsultancyServices for Review,Adjustment of Roadand StructuresDesign, Construction Supervision and Contract I Administrationof South and North Access Road (Package-ll) of 7.3 Km LengthEach (Total15 Km) of LowariTunnel Proiect I TENDERNUMBER 6(406) BRIEFDESCRIPTION OF THE CONTRACT NationalHighway Authority (NHA) is executingWorks of LowariTunnel situatedbetween Chitral and Dir. Lowari Tunnel is part of federalizedRoad i.e. N45. lt originates I from Nowshera,passes through Mardan, Malakand, Chakdaraand culminatesat Chitral,while passingLowari Passat a heightof 3,150meter (10500 ft.). Totallength of the roadfrom Nowshera to Chitralis 313Km. I The Project of Lowari and its Access Roads is located betweenthe Townships of Dirand Drosh connecting Districts of Dirand Chitral of theKhyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. The main LowariRoad Tunnel(MRT) is 8.51 kilometers I supplementedby anothertwo km NorthAccess Road Tunnel (NART)on the Northof MRT.The Southportal is locatedat NirghaKawar at a distanceof about19 kilometersNorth of Dir.The North Portal is locatedat about20 kilometersSouth I of Drosh. -
Slope Stability 101 Basic Concepts and NOT for Final Design Purposes! Slope Stability Analysis Basics
Slope Stability 101 Basic Concepts and NOT for Final Design Purposes! Slope Stability Analysis Basics Shear Strength of Soils Ability of soil to resist sliding on itself on the slope Angle of Repose definition n1. the maximum angle to the horizontal at which rocks, soil, etc, will remain without sliding Shear Strength Parameters and Soils Info Φ angle of internal friction C cohesion (clays are cohesive and sands are non-cohesive) Θ slope angle γ unit weight of soil Internal Angles of Friction Estimates for our use in example Silty sand Φ = 25 degrees Loose sand Φ = 30 degrees Medium to Dense sand Φ = 35 degrees Rock Riprap Φ = 40 degrees Slope Stability Analysis Basics Explore Site Geology Characterize soil shear strength Construct slope stability model Establish seepage and groundwater conditions Select loading condition Locate critical failure surface Iterate until minimum Factor of Safety (FS) is achieved Rules of Thumb and “Easy” Method of Estimating Slope Stability Geology and Soils Information Needed (from site or soils database) Check appropriate loading conditions (seeps, rapid drawdown, fluctuating water levels, flows) Select values to input for Φ and C Locate water table in slope (critical for evaluation!) 2:1 slopes are typically stable for less than 15 foot heights Note whether or not existing slopes are vegetated and stable Plan for a factor of safety (hazards evaluation) FS between 1.4 and 1.5 is typically adequate for our purposes No Flow Slope Stability Analysis FS = tan Φ / tan Θ Where Φ is the effective -
05Th September 2020, Download
Youtube = Mr Advocate Instagram= mradvocate.official Web= www.lawadmissiontest.com LAW ADMISSION TEST CONDUCTED BY HEC ON 05-09-2020 (Evening) YouTube = Mr Advocate Instagram = mradvocate.official Website = lawadmissiontest.com General knowledge 1. What is the most popular sport in the world? A. Soccer B. Volleyball C. Cricket D. Football 2. Can you name the country where Parmesan cheese comes from? A. Italy B. France C. Paris D. Greece Answer: Parmesan cheese is the name of an Italian extra-hard cheese made of cow's milk. The original Parmesan cheese is more precisely called Parmigiano-Reggiano. It is produced only in Italy. Youtube = Mr Advocate Instagram= mradvocate.official Web= www.lawadmissiontest.com Youtube = Mr Advocate Instagram= mradvocate.official Web= www.lawadmissiontest.com 3. LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is mainly a mixture of which gases? A. Propane and Isobutane B. Butane and Methane C. Propane and Butane D. Methane and Propane Answer: LPG is composed mainly of propane and butane 4. Which is the largest plateau in the world? A. Deccan Plateau B. Snake Plateau C. Tibetan Plateau D. Colorado Plateau Answer: The highest plateau in the world is Plateau of Tibet. It is the highest plateau in the world with an average altitude of 4,500m, and was reputed as “the roof of the world” and “the world's third pole”. 5. In which ocean did the famous Titanic sink in 1912? A. North Atlantic Ocean B. Pacific Ocean C. The Mediterranean Sea D. South Atlantic Ocean Answer: The RMS Titanic sank in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912 in the North Atlantic Ocean. -
PAKISTAN STUDIES 2059/02 Paper 2 Environment of Pakistan May/June 2016 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 75
Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge Ordinary Level PAKISTAN STUDIES 2059/02 Paper 2 Environment of Pakistan May/June 2016 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 75 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. ® Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2016 series for most Cambridge IGCSE , Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components. ® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations. This document consists of 18 printed pages. © UCLES 2016 [Turn over Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper Cambridge O Level – May/June 2016 2059 02 1 (a) Study Fig. 1 which is a map of northern Pakistan. (i) On the map name the following: Mountain range A; City B; River C [3] A: Himalaya(s) B: Murree C: Jhelum (ii) Explain the causes of high rainfall at city B. [4] Receives rainfall in all seasons /throughout year Monsoon (from Bay of Bengal) (via N India) Western depressions (from Mediterranean) (from Afghanistan/Iran) Relief rainfall (air rises over mountains and cools/condenses) Thunderstorm / convection / convectional rain/currents (hot air rises [in summer] and cools) (b) (i) What is meant by the term ‘population density’? [1] 2 2 2 The [average] amount/number of people per unit area/km /mile /acre/ha accept: m / per square unit (ii) Which province in Pakistan has the highest population density? [1] Punjab (iii) Explain the physical factors that cause areas such as the province you named in (ii) to have a high population density.