JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY VOLUME 174 * DECEMBER 1992 * NUMBER 24 Graham C. Walker, Editor in Chief (1996) Dale Kaiser, Minireview Editor (1994) Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University School of Cambridge, Mass. Susan Gottesman, Editor (1994) Medicine, Stanford, Calif. National Cancer Institute, Editor (1997) Bethesda, Md. A. L. Sonenshein, Editor (1995) Terrance J. Beveridge, Boston, Mass. University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada E. Peter Greenberg, Editor (1996) Tufts University, University ofIowa, Iowa Kenneth N. Timmis, Editor (1997) James G. Ferry, Editor (1996) City, Iowa Virginia Polytechnic Institute and GBF, Braunschweig, Gennany State University, Blacksburg, Va. Carol A. Gross, Editor (1995) Robert A. Weisberg, Editor (1995) University of Wisconsin, National Institute of Child Dan Fraenkel, Editor (1996) Madison, Wis. Health and Human Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Development, Bethesda, Md. EDITORIAL BOARD Sankar Adhya (1993) Susan H. Fisher (1994) Thomas Lessie (1992) H. Steven Seifert (1994) Stuart J. Austin (1993) Patricia L. Foster (1993) Roger C. Levesque (1994) Peter Setlow (1993) Barbara Bachmann (1993) Michael G. Fried (1994) Mary E. Lidstrom (1993) Hideo Shinagawa (1994) Margaret H. Bayer (1992) David I. Friedman (1992) E. C. C. Lin (1994) Howard A. Shuman (1994) Douglas E. Berg (1994) Barbel Friedrich (1993) Lasse Lindahl (1993) Gerald Smith (1994) Robert W. Bernlohr (1994) Clement Furlong (1993) John W. Little (1992) Issar Smith (1993) Volkmar Braun (1992) Robert Gennis (1994) Jack London (1993) G. Dennis Sprott (1992) Richard Calendar (1994) Costa P. Georgopoulos (1993) Sharon Long (1992) Catherine Squires (1993) George M. Carman (1994) Jane Gibson (1994) Paul S. Lovett (1993) Gary Stacey (1994) Sherwood Casjens (1994) Larry Gold (1994) Paul W. Ludden (1993) David Stahl (1993) A. M. Chakrabarty (1992) Susan Golden (1994) Ben Lugtenberg (1992) Brian Staskawicz (1993) Trinad Chakraborty (1994) Richard L. Gourse (1994) Robert Macnab (1994) Robert Steffan (1993) Wendy C. Champness (1994) Nigel Grindley (1993) Martin Marinus (1992) Michel Steinmetz (1994) Mick Chandler (1993) Alan Grossman (1994) Millicent Masters (1992) Valley Stewart (1994) Keith F. Chater (1994) Robert P. Gunsalus (1993) Abdul Matin (1993) Susan C. Straley (1994) Terrence G. Cooper (1993) William Haldenwang (1994) Philip Matsumura (1992) F. William Studier (1992) David L. Coplin (1992) Richard S. Hanson (1994) Russell Maurer (1993) Anne 0. Summers (1993) Donald Court (1994) Shigeaki Harayama (1993) John Mekalanos (1994) Robert Switzer (1993) R. L. Crawford (1993) Robert Haselkorn (1993) Paul Messner (1993) Andrew Taylor (1994) John E. Cronan, Jr. (1992) Gerald L. Hazelbauer (1993) Charles G. Miller (1994) Nancy Trun (1994) Jorge H. Crosa (1994) George D. Hegeman (1994) Virginia Miller (1994) Trevor R. Trust (1994) Stanley J. Cryz, Jr. (1994) Roger Hendrix (1992) Shoji Mizushima (1994) Charles L. Turnbough, Jr. Lacy Daniels (1992) C. F. Higgins (1993) Charles P. Moran, Jr. (1994) (1993) Richard D'Ari (1994) Joachim-Volker Holtje (1993) Edward A. Morgan (1993) Ronald Unterman (1994) Victor de Lorenzo (1994) Karin Ippen-Ihler (1993) Gisela Mosig (1994) Mark Walker (1993) Bruce Demple (1994) Edward E. Ishiguro (1994) Francis E. Nano (1994) Judy D. Wall (1993) Patrick P. Dennis (1993) Gerald Johnston (1993) Dale Noel (1994) Barry Wanner (1993) Migel A. de Pedro (1993) Robert J. Kadner (1992) Staffan Normark (1994) Chris M. Whitfield (1992) William D. Donachie (1994) Clarence I. Kado (1994) Dennis Ohman (1994) William B. Whitman (1994) Timothy Donohue (1993) Noel Keen (1994) Gary Olsen (1994) Peter A. Williams (1992) Ron J. Doyle (1994) Eduard J. Kellenberger (1992) John S. Parkinson (1993) Stephen C. Winans (1994) David A. Dubnau (1992) Patricia Kiley (1994) Thomas R. Parr (1994) Malcolm Winkler (1994) Daniel Dykhuizen (1994) H.-J. Knackmuss (1993) Anthony Pugsley (1994) C. L. Woldringh (1993) S. Dusko Ehrlich (1994) Roberto Kolter (1994) Juan L. Ramos (1993) Hans Wolf-Watz (1994) Rudolf Eichenlaub (1994) Wil N. Konings (1993) Linda Randall (1993) David Womble (1992) Lindsay D. Eltis (1994) Dennis J. Kopecko (1993) Gary P. Roberts (1993) John L. Woolford (1994) Bert Ely (1994) Susan F. Koval (1994) Jeffrey Roberts (1992) Henry C. Wu (1993) Wolfgang Epstein (1993) Terry Ann Krulwich (1993) Charles 0. Rock (1993) Ryland Young (1993) Jeff Errington (1994) Carol Kumamoto (1993) Lucia B. Rothman-Denes (1992) Takashi Yura (1994) Jorge Escalante-Semerena (1994) Harald Labischinski (1992) Kenneth E. Rudd (1994) Howard Zalkin (1994) David H. Figurski (1993) Joseph Lam (1994) Rudiger Schmitt (1992) Barbara H. Iglewski, Chairman, Publications Board Linda M. Illig, Director, Journals Sara C. Joslyn, Production Editor Catherine E. Blickendorfer, Assistant Production Editor

The Journal ofBacteriology, a publication of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), 1325 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20005-4171, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning bacteria and other microorganisms. Instructions to authors are published in the first issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Journals Division. The Journal is published twice monthly, one volume per year. The nonmember subscription prices are $360 (U.S.), $385 (Canada), and $431 (other countries; air drop shipping) per year; single copies are $42.80 (Canada) and $40 (U.S. and other countries). The member subscription prices are $79 (U.S.), $85 (Canada), and $104 (other countries; air drop shipping); single copies are $10.70 (Canada) and $10 (U.S. and other countries). Correspondence relating to subscriptions, defective copies, missing issues, and availability of back issues should be directed to the Subscriptions Department, ASM; correspondence relating to reprint orders should be directed to the Publication Sales Department, ASM; and correspondence relating to disposition of submitted manuscripts, proofs, and general editorial matters should be directed to the Journals Division, American Society for Microbiology, 1325 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20005-4171. Phone: (202) 737-3600. Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because of failure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC 20005, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Journal ofBacteriology, ASM, 1325 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20005-4171. Made in the United States of America. Printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 1992, American Society for Microbiology. ISSN 0021-9193 CODEN: JOBAAY . All Rights Reserved. * at N .,4 'l The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 27 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index

Abedon, Stephen T., 8073 Giordano, Gerard, 7934 Liautard, J. P., 8036 Rothstein, David M., 7926 Asada, Kiyozo, 8163 Goebel, Werner, 8166 Lobner-Olesen, Anders, 7883 Gruber, Karin, 8008 Luck, B. T., 8139 Sadouk, A., 8133 Ball, Catherine A., 8043 Gupta, Dhirendra S., 7963 Sahm, Hermann, 8065 Banerjee, S. K., 8139 Magill, Nancy G., 8148 Sandman, Kathleen M., 7890 Beale, Samuel I., 7910 Hall, Belinda M., 8156 Marti, J., 8036 Santini, Claire-Lise, 7934 Beveridge, Terry J., 7971 Hansson, Mats, 8081 McKenney, Keith, 8030 Schultze-Lam, Susanne, 7971 Borremans, B., 8133 Harasawa, Ry6, 8163 McNicholas, Paul, 7926 Setlow, Peter, 8148 Boxer, David H., 7934 Harauz, George, 7971 Meganathan, R., 8111 Shakibai, Nader, 7982 Brakier-Gingras, Lea, 7896 Hartline, Kelly M., 8156 Melan,on, Pierre, 7896 Sharma, V., 8111 Breitwieser, Andreas, 8008 Hederstedt, Lars, 8081 Mergeay, M., 8133 Shashkov, Alexander S., 7963 Bubert, Andreas, 8166 Helinski, Donald R., 8119 Mockel, Bettina, 8065 Sleytr, Uwe B., 8008 Helmstetter, Charles E., 8152 Moore, Julie, 8030 Stevens, Barry J. H., 7941 Canale-Parola, Ercole, 7996 Hsing, Weihong, 7996 Morris, Victor J., 7941 Summers, Anne O., 8094 Cellier, M. F. M., 8036 Hudspeth, M. E. S., 8111 Muda, M., 8057 Tabassum, Romana, 7890 Chen, Jychien, 8023 Mukai, Kuniaki, 7954 Ike, Yasuyoshi, 8172 Taghavi, S., 8133 Chopra, Ian, 7926 Mukohara, Yukuo, 7989 Tanaka, Teruo, 7954 Chow, Wei-Yuan, 8023 Iobbi-Nivol, Chantal, 7934 Ishidate, Kohei, 7982 Tapprich, William E., 7896 Clewell, Don B., 8172 Nakagawa, Tomoko, 8163 Teyssier, J., 8036 Collins, Matthew D., 8158 Ishikawa, Takahiro, 7989 Nakamura, Hiroaki, 7989 Iyer, V. N., 8139 Thompson, Daphne E., 8158 Condee, Charles W., 8094 Negoro, Seiji, 7948 Topp, Edward, 8003 Jann, Barbara, 7963 Nicolas, M., 8036 Torriani, A., 8057 Damani, Karima, 7941 Jann, Klaus, 7963 Nies, Dietrich H., 8102 Toussaint, A., 8133 Debouck, Christine, 7902 Johnson, Reid C., 8043 Nuyten, J. M., 8133 Tsuru, Daisuke, 7919 Devenney, Paul, 7941 Dong, Q., 8133 Kakudo, Shinji, 7948 Okada, Hirosuke, 7948 Uemori, Takashi, 8163 Drapeau, Gabriel R., 8016 Kantorow, Marc, 8030 Orser, Cindy S., 8003 Urabe, Itaru, 7948 Kato, Ikunoshin, 8163 Osuna, Robert, 8043 East, Alison K., 8158 Kawata-Mukai, Mutsumi, van der Lelie, D., 8133 Edmonds, Paul, 8156 7954 Palaniappan, C., 8111 VanderZwaag, Deborah, 8030 Edwards, William R., 8156 Keller, John, 7902 Qoronfleh, M. Walid, 7902 Watabe, Ken, 7989 Eggeling, Lothar, 8065 Kim, H.-Y., 8139 Widada, J. Sri, 8036 Kitazono, Ana, 7919 Williamson, Gary, 7941 Faulds, Craig B., 7941 Kohler, Stephan, 8166 Rao, N. N., 8057 Ferguson, Kimberly C., 8043 Kuempel, Peter L., 7883 Reeve, John N., 7890 Xun, Luying, 8003 Ferhat, A., 8133 Kuhn, Michael, 8166 Rieble, Siegfried, 7910 Franklin, Naomi C., 8144 Kung, Shieh-Shiuh, 8023 Roberts, Richard C., 8119 Yoshimoto, Tadashi, 7919 Romane, Cecile, 7934 Gervais, Franrois G., 8016 Leduc, Mireille, 7982 Rothfield, Lawrence, 7982 Zaritsky, Arieh, 8152 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The following have served as invited special reviewers for the Journal during 1992, and their help is greatly appreciated. Michael W. Adams J. M. Bove C. J. Daniels A. T. Ganesan Michael L. Higgins Nina Agabian C. Bradbeer B. E. Davidson Greg Garcia Charles W. Hill T. Alston H. Brade Frank Dazzo Jeffrey F. Gardner Wolfgang Hillen K. Amako Bianca Brahamsha Dennis R. Dean Susan Garges J. Hillman Giovanna F.-L. Ames H. Brahmbhatt Frits De Graaf Peter Geiduschek Alan Hinnebusch J. R. Andreesen Mary Brawner Fernando de la Cruz Otto Gelger Debra Hinton Mike Apicella Hans Bremer Louis de Lepentigny Martin Gellert James Hoch David Apirion Patrick J. Brennan John A. DeMoss Stanton Gelvin Paul S. Hoffman Werner Arber John Breznak Jean Denerie Raymond F. Geste- M. Hofnung Art Aronson Joan E. Brooks Vojo Deretic land Susan Hollingshead Alan Atherly G. Brown David J. De Rosier Peter Giesbrecht Rawle I. Hollingsworth Tove Atlung Thomas Bruns Raymond Devoret Neal Gilkes Randall K. Holmes Jean-Paul Aubert William Brusilow W. M. de Vos Ronald Gill Stanley C. Holt John Austin Christine Buchanan G. E. de Vries Martin Gillert A. Holtel Frederick Ausubel Bernd Bukau Letty de Weger William C. Giorse T. Horiuchi Milton Axley Dave Bundle Borge Diderichsen Nicolas Glansdorff C. Richard Hutchinson Hubert Bahl Robert P. Burchard Gary Ditta Jon Goguen John J. Iandolo Christopher Bailey Stephen Busby R. Dixon Edward B. Goldberg Asao Ichige H. V. Baker Howard Bussey R. Doi Fred Goldberg T. Iino Tania Baker Mark Buttner William Donovan W. N. Goldberg John Ingraham Thomas Baldwin J. M. Buysse W. Ford Doolittle R. Goldman Lonnie 0. Ingram Richard Baltz E. Cabid Laszlo Dorgai Sol Goodgal Masayori K. Inouye Joseph T. Barbieri S. B. Calderwood L. J. Douglas Myron F. Goodman Serban Iordanescu Alan Barbour J. M. Calvo Jan Drake Steve Goodman Ralph Isberg Girard Barcok Allan Campbell P. Draper M. Gottesman Mitsuhiro Itaya Joanne Bartkus Ercole Canale-Parola Jeffrey Driscoll G. Gottschalk William R. Jacobs Joel B. Baseman L. Caro Karl Drlica Lori L. Graham Gary Jacobson Deepak Bastia Malcolm J. Casadaban M. Duncan Guido Grandi J. R. Jacobson Carl A. Batt Michael Cashel Paul Dunlap Kendall Gray George Jacoby John Battista Michael Chamberlin John Dunn E. M. Gregory Klaus Jann Carl Bauer Henry F. Chambers D. Dunnaway P. Grimont D. Janssen Ronald Bauerle Glenn Chambliss Gary Dunny M. Grunberg-Manago K. F. Jarrell P. Baumann Nyles Charon Martin Dworkin Claudio 0. Gualerzi Harry J. Jennings Simon Baumberg Bruce Chassy Kevin Dybvig Mary Lou Guerinot Kaj Frank Jensen Kenneth Bayles Dhruba Chattoraj Charles F. Earhart J. R. Guest Susan Jensen Dennis Bazylinski Kuo-Joan Cheng Kenneth Easterbrook A. Guffanti Ding Jin Christoph F. Beck S. Chhatwal Richard H. Ebright A. Guffeau E. Johnson Jonathan Beckwith Alan Chopin Harrison Echols Don Guiney J. Johnson P. Beguin D. P. Clark A. A. Eddy I. C. Gunsalus Catherine Joyce M. Belfort John Clark Clive Edwards C. Guzmann Regine Kahmann Boris Belitsky Josephine Clark-Curtiss Barry Eisenstein Dieter Haas Danielle Kahn Carol Bender Anthony Clarke Irena Ekiel Ted Hackstadt Michael Kahn Robert A. Bender P. Patrick Cleary David J. Ellar Regine Hakenbeck Janice Kansy George Bennett Donald B. Clewell Richard P. Ellen Y. S. Halpern Heidi Kaplan Spencer Benson Stanley Cohen J. R. Ellis Ian Hancock Samuel Kaplan Ronald Bentley Stewart T. Cole Joanne Engel Robert E. W. Hancock Eva Kashket Roland Benz John Collier Jerald C. Ensign Robert T. Hancock Nobuo Kato Claire Berg Alan Collmer K. D. Entian Pauline Handley Leonard Katz Howard Berg William Cook Henry L. Erlich J. Norman Hansen Kenneth Keegstra Colin Berry J. J. Cooney John Essigmann George Harauz D. E. Kennell Kevin Bertrand D. G. Cooper D. E. Eveleigh Franklin Harold Christina Kennedy Marsha J. Betley Guy Cornelis Spencer Farr Caroline Harwood Eugene Kennedy A. S. Bhagwat Pascale Cossart Joseph J. Ferretti G. W. Hatfield Lee Kerkhof Mervyn Bibb James W. Coulton Grant Ferris Graham F. Hatfull Christoph Kessler L. Bisson C. Cox Marcin Filutowicz Stanley M. Hattman Heibert Kewelch S. Blanquet Charles Cox Brett Finlay John Hays Saleem A. Khan Martin J. Blaser Nancy Cox Cecil Forsberg Richard S. Hayward Shahid Khan Ian Blomfield Nancy L. Craig Simon J. Foster Brent Heath Kaspar Kirschner Robert Blumenthal F. Cross Maurice Fox Donald R. Helinski R. Kisliuk August Bock Joel Crouzet Irwin Fridovich John Helmann Todd R. Klaenhammer Lawrence Bogorad Laszlo Csonka Laura Frost Charles Helmstetter Phillip Klebba G. Bogosian Eric Cundliffe G. Fuchs Harri Hemila Bruce Kline Dian Bohannon Richard Cunningham K. Fukui Regine Hengge-Aronis Terry Koehler J. Bond Diane Cuppels R. Clinton Fuller Tina Henkin Tokio Kogoma David R. Boone Simon Cutting Dean Gabriel Hauke Hennecke Paul E. Kolenbrander Winfried Boos Albert E. Dahlberg Chris Galanos Dennis Henner Richard D. Kolodner J. L. Botsford M. F. Daldal Alesandro Galizzi J. W. Hershey Adam Kondorosi Kenneth Bott Antoine Danchin Donald Ganem R. Hespell Helmut Konig J. Konisky Barry C. McBride J. T. Park Aziz Sancar B. A. D. Stocker Michael Koomey Linda McCarter Girish B. Patel Kenneth E. Sanderson Jeffry Stohl A. Kornberg John McCarty Terry Paul Robert Sauer Gisela Storz Steve Kowalczykowski Michael McClelland Harry Peck, Jr. Roel Schaaper Johannes Storz Nicholas Kredich William McClure Craig Peebles Moselio Schaechter Valerie Stout Lee Kroos E. McGroarty Malcolm Perry Alan Schauer Patrick Stragier Andrew M. Kropinski Mark A. McIntosh P. V. Phibbs Neil Schiller J. G. Streater Peter Kuempel Roger McMacken Allen Phillips Paul Schimmel E. Stupperich Frank Kunst Laura McMurry D. Pieper B. Schink P. E. Sudbery H. Kuramitsu Joan Mecsas Patrick Piggot Hans Schlegel Trevor Suslow Donn J. Kushner R. Meganathan Jacqueline Piret Robert Schleif Miriam M. Susskind Sydney G. Kustu Rolf Menzel J. D. Polack Michael Schlomann H. Suzuki S. Lacks M. J. Merrick Barry A. Polisky R. G. Schoner Harry Taber G. H. Lacy Brent Mersey Matthew Pollack Stuart Schreiber Robert F. Tabita Jeremy Lakey C. A. Michels Harold Pooley Harold J. Schreier Herbert Tabor Raphael Lamed J. Miller P. W. Postma Hildgund Schrempf Rudolf K. Tauer Robert C. Landick Samuel Miller Anthony Poteete G. E. Schulz Diane E. Taylor D. C. LaPorte D. Mills Ian B. Poxton John Scocca D. W. Tempst Robert Lawther Nigel Minton J. M. Pratt R. K. Scopes Charles J. Thompson Edward R. Leadbetter Tapan Misra J. Preiss June Scott Curtis B. Thorne Donald LeBlanc T. Mizuno Chester Price Anca Segall William J. Todd Melissa Lee Harry L. Mobley J. Pringle Simone Seror Paavo Toivanen John Leigh Paul Modrich Dietmar Pum R. Serrano A. Tomasz Terrence J. Leighton Scott Mohr Charles Radding K. T. Shanmugam Jean Francois Tomb T. Leisinger Anne Moir Christian Raetz Lucille Shapiro A. Torriani-Gorini Richard Lenski E. Moore Elisabeth A. Raleigh David Sherrat Daniele Touati Stephen Leppla Alan Morrison George Rapoport Lawrence J. Shimkets, Patrick Trieu-Cuot Didier Lereclus S. Morse R. Rappuoli Jr. Eric Triplett B. R. Levin John Mueller Walter Ream Jessup M. Shively B. E. Tropp Stuart Levy B. Muller Thomas Record Gerald Shockman B. Tummler Michael Lichten David Mullin Rosemary Redfield Steven Short H. Edwin Umbarger Ronald Limberger John R. Murphy J. Reeve Debby Siegele Christen D. Upper Steven E. Lindow Noreen E. Murray Peter Reeves Ethan Signer Miguel A. Valvano Susan Lindquist R. G. E. Murray Lawrence Reitzer Thomas J. Silhavy James Vary Anita Lynn Linet James Musser Jonathan Reizer Richard Silver Patricia Vary Stuart Linn Vasantha Nagarajan T. Lynne Reuber Simon Silver Ann Vidaver P. Lipke David P. Nagle, Jr. Rosetta Reusch Michael Silverman Moses Vijayakumar Robert Lloyd Taiji Nakae Arnold Revzin Philip M. Silverman Merna Villarejo Peter C. Loewen R. Nakamura William S. Reznikoff Melvin I. Simon Eric R.-Vimr Stephen Lory Nanne Nanninga Evelyne Richet Robert Simpson Leo C. Vining Richard Losick Howard A. Nash P. D. Rick Samuel Singer Barbara Vold Jean-Michel Louarn Kenneth Nealson Ernst T. Rietschel Anthony Sinskey Michael Volkert D. R. Lovley Frederick C. Neid- Monica Riley Ron Skurray Wilfried Wackernagel David Low hardt Phillips W. Robbins Frank Slack L. Wackett W. Lubitz John B. Neilands Denise Roberts Darren Sledjeski Robert G. Wake A. Lien Lu-Chang Eugene Nester M. Roberts Uwe Sleytr James R. Walker James R. Lupski Francis C. Neuhaus R. L. Robson Joan Slonczewski Christopher Walsh C. J. Lusty Elaine Newman M. Rohde John K. Smit Cecile Wandersman Joe Lutkenhaus Brian Nichols Barry Rolfe C. L. Smith J. C. Wang George Mackie Sandra Nierzwicki- R. Rolfes Cassandra Smith D. Ward Robert MacLeod Bauer Antonio Romano Lawrence Snyder Tom Warner Francis Macrina Hiroshi Nikaido M. Rose Magdalene So R. A. J. Warren Boris Magasanik Alexander Ninfa Barry P. Rosen D. Soll D. Waxman R. J. Maier B. Tracy Nixon Eugene Rosenberg Ronald Somerville J. Wehland Michael Malamy Takehiko Nohmi Jurg Rosenbusch Gord Southam Michael Weickert Peter C. Maloney K. M. Noll Lee Rosner K. Sowers Joel Weiner Stanley Maloy Harry F. Noller Wilma Ross Herman Spaink George Weinstock Jack Maniloff C. Nombella John Roth P. Frederick Sparling Bernard Weisblum P. Manning Steven Norris Larry Rothfield I. Spencer-Martins Alison Weiss Michael Manson Nancy Nossal David Rothstein Brian G. Spratt Bernard Weiss Mohammed Marahiel Richard Novick Pierre Rouviere M. Springer Rodney A. Welch Kenneth Marians Michael O'Donnell Craig E. Rubens Erko Stackebrandt K. G. Welinder Robert E. Marquis Jurgen Oelze Edward G. Ruby Frank Stahl Neal Welker Allen Marr Thomas O'Halloran H. Ruis Walter L. Stauden- Wanda M. Wenman Warren Masker Rob Okker Marjorie Russel bauer Janet Westpheling J. Masmur Donald Oliver R. R. Russell George V. Stauffer R. H. White V. Massey Eric Olson Paul Sadowski Richard S. Stephens Susan Wickner Michio Matsuhashi Ronald Olson Milton H. Saier, Jr. Nat Sternberg J. Wiegel Rowena Matthews Amos Oppenheim Isabelle Saint Girons Murray Stewart Carel Wijffelman Ann Matthysse George Ordal Ann Saint John Peter R. Stewart Jadwiga Wild Richard Maurer Norman R. Pace John Sakatch Scott Stibitz Joanne Willey Michael Maurizi William Page Margarita Salas Ann Stock P. H. Williams Hubert Mayer Nicholas Panopoulos A. Salyers Jeffry Stock David B. Wilson Herbert Winkler Sui-Lam Wong Charles Yanofsky Philip A. Youderian Joseph J. Zambon K. Wise Janet M. Wood Michael Yarmolinsky Douglas Young Patricia Zambryski R. E. Wolf, Jr. Roger Woodgate Ronald Yasbin Michael Young Alexander Zehnder Ralph S. Wolfe David R. Woods Shinichi Yokota Richard Young Peter Zuber C. Peter Wolk Kunio Yamane Hiroshi Yoshikawa Philip Youngman David Zusman AUTHOR INDEX VOLUME 174

Aalto, Juha, 7757 Ascarelli-Goell, Rivka, 2517 Baumeister, Wolfgang, 6527 Bischoff, David S., 4017 Abdullah, Tariq, 1965 Ashford, Rowell S., II, 7297 Baumler, Andreas J., 1029 Bishop, Paul E., 3884 Abedon, Stephen T., 8073 Aspinall, G. O., 1324 Bayat, Hamed, 4583 Bissonnette, Luc, 1248 Abee, Tjakko, 1568, 3118, Atkins, John F., 4179 Beale, Samuel I., 7910 Biswas, Gour D., 5788 6911 Atkinson, Mariette R., 1109, Beall, Bernard, 2398 Biswas, Indranil, 5593 Abellan, Francois-Xavier, 646 4538, 6061 Beaman, Teofila C., 4463 Biswas, Siddhartha K., 6221 Abeygunawardana, C., 2620 Atkinson, Merelee, 4356 Beattie, David T., 970 Black, Lori K., 137 Abraham, Soman N., 5145 Austin, John W., 2539, 7470 Becher, Burkhard, 7656 Black, Todd, 6025 Actis, Luis A., 7670 Austin, S. J., 5190 Bechhofer, David H., 5860 Black, William J., 970 Adachi, Osao, 122 Ausubel, Frederick M., 1428 Becker-Rudzik, Monika, 5482 Blanche, Francis, 1036, 1043, Adamidis, Trifon, 4622 Averhoff, Beate, 200 Beck-Sickinger, Annette, 298 1050, 7445, 7452 Adams, Jack G., 2943 Averill, Bruce A., 2560, 6653 Beckwith, Jon, 7717 Blanco, Carlos, 5027 Adams, Janet L., 2065 Ayala, Juan, 3549 Bednarski, Ralph, 7337 Blankenhorn, Darcy, 1537 Adar, Y. Y., 7138 Ayres, Elaine K., 4842 Bedzyk, Laura A., 166, 5609 Blanquet, Sylvain, 2323, 4294 Adler, Howard, 2072 Azakami, Hiroyuki, 2344, Beer, Karen B., 1360 Blaser, Martin J., 1258, 5916 Adler, Julius, 6256 2485 Beer, Steven V., 1875, 2785 Blaszczak, Larry C., 4689 Aebersold, Ruedi, 7013 Begg, K. J., 6314 Blatny, Janet Martha, 7026 Agbunag, Rosally, 5168 Babcock, Martin J., 4287 Begg, Kenneth J., 2416 Blaut, Michael, 3921 Agron, Peter G., 4120 Babitzke, Paul, 2059 Behnke, Detlev, 5475 Block, Steven M., 832 Aida, Kazuhiko, 186 Babu, Jegdish P., 5145 Belaich, A., 4677 Blum, Paul, 7436 Ailion, Michael, 2253 Bacher, Adelbert, 4042, 4050 Belaich, J.-P., 4677 Blume, John E., 7834 Aizawa, Shin-Ichi, 2298 Bachi, Thomas, 4239 Bell, Robert M., 6608 Blumenthal, Robert M., 3395 Akaboshi, Ryoichi, 3439 Badger, Julie L., 3945 Bellido, Francis, 5196 Bobik, Thomas A., 2253 Akerley, Brian J., 980 Baeuerlein, Edmund, 263 Belliveau, Brian H., 4463 Bock, August, 659 Akiba, Teruhiko, 3439 Baev, Nedelcho, 7555 Belogurov, Anatol A., 5079 Boger, Peter, 6179 Alben, James O., 2338 Bagnara-Tardif, C., 4677 Beltran, Pilar, 3587 Bogler, Oliver, 5265 Alberti, Lindianne, 6125 Bahl, Hubert, 3282, 3290 Bender, Carol L., 1837 Bognar, Andrew L., 1750 Albritton, William L., 5442 Bai, Uma, 3561 Benedik, Michael J., 2361 Bohm, Ines, 6179 Aldrich, H. C., 4504 Baker, Teresa, 1544 Benito, Begofia, 3065 Boidol, Werner, 6600 Aleff, Ross A., 3004 Bakker, Andreas, 3078 Bennett, George N., 2659, Bolhuis, Henk, 3118 Alessi, Diane, 4727 Bakker, Douwe, 6350 2670, 7149 Bolin, Carole A., 4761 Algeri, Angela, 3411 Baldus, Jean M., 1448 Bennett, John E., 6992 Bolton, Lyn, 2612 Aliaga, George R., 6789 Ball, Catherine A., 8043 Benning, C., 2352, 6479 Bonas, Ulla, 815 Alifano, Pietro, 5228 Ball, Steven, 3612 Benoist, Patrick, 1495 Boos, Winfried, 6981 Alijo, Rafael, 2025 Balzer, Dietmar, 2493 Benson, Andrew K., 749 Borgia, Peter T., 377, 384 Allaoui, Abdelmounaaim, 7661 Banerjee, S. K., 8139 Benson, Nicholas R., 1673 Borremans, B., 8133 Allen, Caitilyn, 4356 Baneyx, Francois, 3407 Benson, Spencer A., 1742 Bosch, Leendert, 921 Allen, Janet, 7328 Bang, Holger, 6326 Benz, Roland, 471 Botstein, David, 5237 Allen, Steven P., 6938 Bantle, John A., 7778 Beppu, Teruhiko, 7585 Bouch6, Jean-Pierre, 35 Alm, Richard A., 3874, 4230 Barak, Rina, 643 Berenguer, J., 7458 Boulnois, Graham, 5127 Altendorf, Karlheinz, 2152, Barak, Ze'ev, 5560 Berenguer, Jose, 6424 Bouvier, Jean, 5265 6911 Barbeyron, Tristan, 6103 Berg, Douglas E., 415, 7075 Bove, J. M., 6471 Altenschmidt, Uwe, 4860 Barbier, Claire S., 2881 Bergquist, P. L., 7533 Bowden, Gregory A., 3407 Amabile Cuevas, Carlos F., Barbosa, M. de F. S., 4504 Bergstrom, Rebecca, 5127 Bowien, Botho, 7337 6054 Barbour, A. G., 5251 Bernard, Th6ophile, 5027 Bowrin, Valerie, 6685 Ames, Giovanna Ferro-Luzzi, Bardowski, Jacek, 6563 Berry, Colin, 5051 Boxer, David H., 7934 4583 Baril, Celine, 7566 Betley, Marsha J., 5095 Boyd, Jessica M., 1268 Ameyama, Minoru, 122 Barlier, Isabelle, 7555 Beveridge, T. J., 935, 6460, Boye, Erik, 1682 An, Haejung, 6438 Barlow, Elizabeth, 1068 6508, 7159 Boyko, Stephanie A., 1897 Andersen, John F., 725 Barnell, W. O., 6438 Beveridge, Terry J., 4689, Boylan, Sharon A., 3695 Anderson, Robert, 7168 Barnell, Wendy O., 2816, 2824 7971 Boyle, Michael D. P., 5204 Ang, Debbie, 1240, 5258 Baron, Jeffrey, 1983 Beynon, Linda M., 2172, 5324 Boyle, S. M., 758 Angerer, Annemarie, 1378 Baron, Louis S., 5910 Bhat, U. Ramadas, 2230 Bradaczek, Hans, 4798 Angov, Evelina, 3370 Barondess, James J., 7717 Bhattacharjee, J. K., 7379 Brahamsha, B., 7273 Ankenbauer, Robert G., 4401 Barr, Gordon C., 998 Bhattacharjee, Mrinal, 6659 Brakhage, Axel A., 3789 Anthamatten, Denise, 2111 Barras, Frederic, 765 Bhriain, Niamh Ni, 998 Brakier-Gingras, Lea, 7896 Aphale, Jayant S., 2797 Barratt, Elizabeth, 1487 Bi, Erfei, 5414 Bramanti, Thomas E., 5827 Apicella, Michael A., 6455 Barreiro, Virginia, 4086 Biamonti, Giuseppe, 1641 Brand, Matthias, 3030 Arakawa, Yoshichika, 1063 Barsomian, Gary D., 4416 Bianchi, Michele M., 6703 Brandriss, Marjorie C., 3782, Arber, Werner, 3936, 6138 Barta, Terese M., 3021 Bibb, Maureen J., 6184 4148 Archer, Cynthia D., 514 Barth, Peter T., 2612 Bibb, Mervyn J., 3818 Brantl, Sabine, 5475 Arfman, N., 5346, 7370 Bashkirov, Vladimir I., 6997 Biek, Donald P., 785 Brauer, Christine L., 2763 Arienti, Hector, 7670 Bassford, Philip J., Jr., 92, Biel, Alan J., 5272 Braun, Cornelia, 2394 Arini, Achille, 456 6488 Biffali, Elio, 5228 Braun, Volkmar, 1378, 2305, Arnaud, Maryvonne, 3161 Basu, Joyoti, 4829 Bingham, H., 3494 3479, 5086, 5485 Arnold, Walter, 191 Batchelor, Roger A., 5228 Bingham, Hermine L., 695 Breddam, Klaus, 2454 Arp, Daniel J., 5295 Baty, D., 4677 Bini, Francesca, 638 Breedveld, Michael W., 6336 Arthur, Michel, 2582 Bauer, David W., 6878 Binsack, Ralf, 6277 Breitwieser, Andreas, 8008 Arunakumari, Alahari, 2560 Bauer, Wolfgang D., 3896 Binz, Hans, 4239 Brettar, Ingrid, 2978 Arvidson, Staffan, 5382 Bauernfeind, Jennifer, 7436 Birkeland, Nils-Kare, 4094 Breves, Roland, 3450 Asada, Kiyozo, 8163 Baumeister, Ralf, 2478 Birkelund, Svend, 2742 Brewin, Nicholas J., 2222 i ii AUTHOR INDEX J. BAcrERIOL.

Briese, Thomas, 4517 Cavanaugh, Colleen M., 3416 Chung, Hui-Ming, 7762 Crouzet, Joel, 1036, 1043, Brigidi, Patrizia, 638 Cayley, Scott, 1586 Chung, Yong Joon, 1417, 6699 1050, 7445 Brikun, Igor, 415 Cazaux, Christophe, 6264 Churchward, Gordon, 456 Crow, V. L., 6152 Briles, David E., 601, 610 Cebula, Thomas A., 2809 Ciaramella, Maria, 873 Crowley, Jane M., 315 Bringel, Fran9oise, 4036, 5840 Cellier, M. F. M., 8036 Cieplak, Witold, Jr., 3739 Crutz, Anne-Marie, 6087 Brissette, Renee, 6685 Chai, Tuu-Jyi, 3140 Citti, C., 6471 Cubeddu, James, 7202 Brissette, Renee E., 4907 Chakrabarti, Parul, 4829 Clark, Alvin J., 7705 Cubo, M. T., 4026 Britt, Adrian J., 2087 Chakrabarty, A. M., 7680, Clark, R. L., 2779 Cullen, Daniel, 5036 Broda, Paul, 1487 7798 Clarke, Anthony J., 5043 Curci, Kristina, 832 Broder, Christopher C., 5204 Chakraborti, Abhay, 7202 Clarke, Bradley R., 4614 Curtiss, R., III, 6152 Brom, Susana, 5183 Chakraborty, Trinad, 568, 947 Clarke, Steven, 355 Curtiss, Roy, III, 5204, 7729 Brooks, Joan E., 7194 Chamberlin, Michael J., 4197 Cleary, P. Patrick, 4967 Cuskey, Stephen M., 4986 Brown, Kelly L., 6215 Chambers, Sheila, 7221 Clegg, Steven, 7697 Cussac, Valerie, 2466, 4212 Brown, Kit L., 549 Champness, Wendy, 4622 Clements, Andrew P., 5244 Cutting, Simon, 1053, 3177 Browne, Philip, 3789 Chan, V. L., 3494 Clementz, Tony, 7750 Cuypers, Heinrich, 5332 Brubaker, Robert R., 2078 Chan, Voon Loong, 695 Clewell, Don B., 1801, 1821, Bruce, Can, 2032 Chang, Bao-Yu, 5780 2729, 3152, 3577, 8172 Bruce, Neil C., 2087 Chang, Chia-Hwa, 7033 Cline, Steven W., 1076 Brumlik, Michael J., 1726 Chang, Nicholas, 2332, 6800 Clover, Ralph, 324 Dabert, Patrick, 173 Brusilow, William S. A., 3370 Chang, Yung-Fu, 291 Coggins, John R., 434 Dagberg, Bjorn, 7606 Bryan, Sharon K., 4850 Chang, Yu-Sun, 5814 Cohen, Paul S., 6780 Dahan, David, 4007 Bubert, Andreas, 8166 Chapman, Peter J., 4986, 7542 Cohen, Stanley N., 785 Dai, Kang, 6145 Buchanan, Christine E., 1717, Charbonnier, Franck, 6103 Colbeau, Annette, 4258 Dallas, Walter S., 5961, 5971 5430 Charlebois, Robert L., 30 Cole, Robert L., 3739 Dalphin, Mark E., 2404 Bukusoglu, Gul, 4361 Charles, Trevor C., 2720 Coll, Pedro M., 6368 Damani, Karima, 7941 Burgess, J. Grant, 2748 Charnock, Colin, 1307 Colleran, Emer, 1197 Daneo-Moore, Lolita, 1619 Burlingame, A. L., 5117 Charon, Nyles W., 832, 6404 Collier, Jackie L., 4718 Danganan, Clyde E., 7680 Burnett, M. E., 6438 Chater, Keith F., 6215 Collins, Carleen M., 883 Daniel, Jean M., 2152 Burnett, Micheal E., 6548 Chatterjee, A. K., 5471 Collins, Lisa A., 3667 Daniel, Richard, 586 Burris, Robert H., 3364 Chattopadhyay, Rathin, 4829 Collins, Matthew D., 8158 Dankert, Jacob, 6928 Busetta, B., 4677 Chen, Carton W., 7762 Collinson, S. Karen, 4490 D'Ari, R., 1948 Bush, C. Allen, 2620 Chen, Chin-Yi, 7040 Collis, Christina M., 1574 D'Ari, Richard, 2388, 4513 Butler, Charles A., 908 Chen, Jiang-ye, 5624 Collmer, Alan, 6878, 7385 Das, Anath, 303, 4169, 5161 Butler, Peter, 7245 Chen, Jychien, 8023 Colombo, Anna L., 1641 Das, Arun K., 5702 Butterton, Joan R., 3270, 3729 Chen, Su-Min, 1544 Condee, Charles W., 8094 Pas, Asis, 6711 Buttner, Mark J., 5165, 6215 Chen, Tseh-An, 4500 Conlin, Christopher A., 1631, Das, Jyotirmoy, 6221 Buysse, Jerry M., 1990 Chen, Ya-Fen, 7040 5869, 5881 Dasgupta, T., 7159 Chen, Yona, 78 Conrad, Birgit, 6997 Datta, Prasanta, 233, 6918 Caetano-Anolles, G., 5941 Cheng, Qiong, 7185 Conway, Carol, 1528 David, Silke, 4475 Cai, Yuping, 6025 Chet, Ilan, 1055 Conway, T., 6438 Davidson, Barrie E., 3766, Calcutt, Michael J., 3220 Chiang, Dong-Ching, 2679 Conway, Tyrrell, 2816, 2824, 6956 Calderwood, Stephen B., Chien, Roger, 4899, 5654 3455, 4638, 6548 Davies, John K., 7321 1897, 3270, 3729 Chilco, Peter, 3455 Conway de Macario, Everly, Davila, Guillermo, 5183 Caldwell, D. E., 5732 Chilton, William Scott, 2215, 309, 4683 Davis, Brent H., 6377 Calendar, Richard, 1462 2631 Cook, David M., 6238 Davis, R. E., 6694 Calhoun, David H., 4871 Chiou, Shu-Jiaw, 2679 Cooper, Stephen, 1060, 4457 De Antoni, G. L., 5584 Calvo, Joseph M., 108, 3212, Chipman, David M., 5560 Cooper, Terrance G., 48, Debarbouille, Michel, 3161 7648 Chippaux, Marc, 765 2548, 6831 de Boer, Piet A. J., 63 Cameron, Beatrice, 1036, Chisholm, George E., 2548 Coote, T., 5669 de Bont, Jan A. M., 2986, 1043, 1050, 7445 Chistoserdova, Ludmila V., Copeland, Terry, 1544 3275 Campbell, Allan M., 7495 71 Coppoc, L. J., 5284 Debouck, Christine, 7902 Canale-Parola, Ercole, 7996 Chivers, T. R., 2407 Coppola, George, 4871 Debussche, Laurent, 1036, Cannistraro, Vincent J., 56 Chivers, Teresa R., 2178 Cornacchio, Robin, 1974 1043, 1050, 7445, 7452 Cano-Canchola, Carmen, 362 Chiykowski, L. N., 6694 Cornelissen, Cynthia Nau, Decq, Andre, 3612 Canters, G. W., 3707 Chmurkowska-Cichowlas, 5788 Dedio, Jurgen, 3300 Caparon, Michael G., 5693 Lidia, 1007 Corwin, M. D., 3739 Deeley, Michael C., 3102 Caparr6s, Marta, 5549 Choi, Kang Yell, 6207 Cossart, Pascale, 7098 Defais, Martine, 6264 Carias, Lenore L., 7308 Choi, Kyeong Sook, 6270 Costeas, Paul, 4338 de Graaf, Frits K., 6350 Carland, Francine M., 1604 Choi, S. H., 4064 Costello, M. Joseph, 6608 de Grado, M., 6424 Carlson, Brian, 2431 Chong, Pele, 2425 Cotter, Todd W., 5767, 6011, de Haan, Lolke, 7572 Carlson, Cathrine Rein, 3750 Chopin, Alain, 6563 6018 De Jonge, Boudewijn, 2028 Carlson, Helene C., 4629 Chopin, Marie-Christine, 6580 Couder, Michel, 1043, 7445 Dekker, Eugene E., 102 Carlson, R. W., 2230 Chopra, Ian, 7926 Coulton, James W., 4007 de Kort, Gijs, 3261 Carne, Alan, 7848 Chou, Chun-Fen, 7762 Courcoux, Pascale, 4212 de la Cruz, Fernando, 1345 Carpenter, Phillip B., 4218 Chow, Wei-Yuan, 8023 Court, Donald L., 1544 Delaney, John M., 1240, 6554 Carrachas, Pedro, 4606 Chowdhury, Rukhsana, 6221 Courvalin, Patrice, 2582 Delling, Jane, 3953 Carter, Jeffrey R., 7013 Christian, Rudolf, 2236 Cox, M. Jane, 5961 de Lorimier, Robert, 2640 Caruso, Marinella, 1641 Christiansen, Gunna, 2199 Craven, Mark G., 4727 Delorme, Christine, 6571 Casadaban, Malcolm J., 3250 Chu, Chien-Peng, 1619 Cregg, James M., 4943 Delrue, Brigitte, 3612 Casadesus, Josep, 6298 Chu, Lien, 7044 Cremers, Hayo C. J. Canter, Delver, Eugene P., 5079 Casey, Warren M., 7283 Chu, Wen-Shen, 2951 214 De Maagd, Ruud A., 214 Cashel, Michael, 3903 Chumakov, Konstantin M., Crosa, Jorge H., 7670 DeMoss, John A., 867, 1119 Castle, Linda A., 1478 6844 Crossley, Robin E., 63 Demple, Bruce, 6054 iii AUTHOR INDEX J. BA=rRIOL.

Dempsey, Walter B., 1554 Dumanski, Anita J., 2172 Escalante-Semerena, Jorge C., Flores, Margarita, 5183 Denicourt, Denise, 3070 Duncan, James L., 2367 24, 2267 Flors, Agusti, 3087 de Pedro, M. A., 6424, 7458 Dunlap, Paul V., 2440 Essar, David W., 327 Floss, Heinz G., 3850 de Pedro, Miguel A., 5549 Dunn, Stanley D., 3541 Estevenon, Anne-Marie, 2412 Fonstein, Mikle, 4070 Deretic, V., 824, 6624 Dunyak, Donna S., 530 Expert, Dominique, 4783 Fontaine, Thierry, 3612 DeRosier, David J., 6198 Dupuy, Bruno, 5978 Fonzi, William, 362 De Rossi, Edda, 638 Durmaz, Evelyn, 7463 Fairhead, Heather, 2874 Fonzi, William A., 5624 Derrien, Marcel, 3549 Durre, Peter, 426 Falkenberg, Pal, 889 Foong, Frances C.-F., 1403 De Ruiter, Gerhard A., 6096 Dutton, Guy G. S., 7595 Falkow, Stanley, 970, 980 Forsberg, Ake, 3355 Deshpande, Mukund V., 3723 Duwat, Patrick, 5171, 5633 Falvey, Darlene A., 3782 Forsberg, Cecil W., 5275 Deutscher, Murray P., 4727, Dyall-Smith, Michael L., 736 Famechon, Alain, 1036, 1043, Forst, Steven, 1522 6682 Dybas, Michael, 5575 1050 Forterre, Patrick, 6103 Dev, Inderjit K., 5961, 5971 Dybvig, Kevin, 778, 2729 Fan, Nancy, 1053 Fortin, Christine, 5676 Devenney, Paul, 7941 Fane, Bentley A., 2404, 2717 Foster, John W., 4317 De Vos, Willem M., 1280, Fang, Ferric C., 4482 Foster, Michael A., 1013 2273, 4475, 5719 East, Alison K., 8158 Faraldo, M. M., 7458 Foster, Patricia L., 1711, de Vries, G. E., 5346 Easton, Alan M., 6938 Farias, Ricardo N., 7428 2809, 7509 Dewar, S. J., 6314 Eaton, Michelle, 2332, 6800 Farrand, Stephen K., 2631, Foster, Simon J., 464 Dewhirst, Floyd E., 2002 Eaton, Richard W., 7542 6238 Fournet, Bernard, 3612 Diaz, Asuncion, 2014 Ebisuya, Hiroaki, 122 Faulds, Craig B., 7941 Fox, Charles, 2620 Diaz, Eduardo, 5508, 5516 Ebright, Richard H., 5457 Favelukes, G., 5941 Fox, Kristine M., 3850 DiChristina, Thomas J., 1891 Echenique, Jose R., 7670 Fawcett, William P., 623 Franden, Mary Ann, 7013 Dickson, Robert C., 2565, 7180 Eckloff, Bruce W., 3004 Fayat, Guy, 4294 Franklin, Naomi C., 8144 Diderichsen, B0rge, 3522 Economou, A., 4026 Fayet, Olivier, 6554, 7407 Frasch, Carl E., 1793 Diedrich, Dana L., 2858 Edmonds, Paul, 8156 Febre, Elena F., 1072 Fraser, Gayle J., 2002 Diekmann, Hans, 3450 Edwards, William R., 8156 Federspiel, Nancy A., 5994 Freitag, Nancy E., 1293 Diem, Hoang Gia, 1495 Eenhuis, Cindy, 3445 Feiss, Michael, 850 Fremaux, C., 5584 Dijkhuizen, L., 5346 Egan, Sara E., 4638 Fekete, Andrea, 7778 Freundlich, Martin, 664 Dimri, Goberdhan P., 4583 Egan, Susan M., 3667 Feldhaus, Michael J., 5609 Frey, G., 3508 Dingwall, Andrew, 1760 Eggeling, Lothar, 8065 Feng, Junli, 6061 Fridovich, Irwin, 953 Dion, Patrice, 2215, 2631, 5676 Egli, Christine, 471 Ferguson, Kimberly C., 8043 Friedman, David I., 4727 DiRita, Victor J., 6807, 6974 Egli, Thomas, 1179 Ferhat, A., 8133 Friedrich, Barbel, 1288, 6277, DiSanto, Michael E., 447 Ehara, Teruyoshi, 6117 Fermer, Christian, 6386 6290 Discotto, Linda F., 1690 Ehrlich, Dusko, 5633 Fernandez, Francisco J., Friesen, James D., 5479 Dispensa, Marilyn, 5803 Ehrlich, S. Dusko, 173, 5171, 3056, 7063 Frustaci, Jana M., 4223 Distel, Daniel L., 6317 5593, 6563, 6571, 6580 Femandez-Abalos, Jose M., Fu, Rongdian, 1726 Ditta, Gary S., 4120 Eichorn, B. G., 5190 6368 Fuchs, Georg, 3621, 3629, 4860 Dmitriev, Boris A., 1793 Eident-Wilkdnson, Bethanie, Fernandez-Beros, Fuchs, James A., 3645 Dodge, Carol L., 377 477 Maria-Elena, 7059 Fujimoto, Shuji, 1258 Doi, Roy H., 1403 Eikmanns, Bernhard J., 6076 Fernandez-Moreno, M. A., Fujita, Hiroshi, 3715 Doig, Peter, 2539, 7470 Eisen, Jonathan A., 3416 2958 Fujiwara, Shinsuke, 7478 Dolan, Katherine M., 5132 Eisenbach, Michael, 643, 5406 Ferrero, Iliana, 3411 Fuma, Shou-ichi, 4308 d'Oliveira, Christine E., 6822 Eisenreich, Wolfgang, 4042 Ferrero, Richard L., 2466, Funk, Cindee R., 205 Dolla, Alain, 1726 Eisenstadt, Eric, 2809 4212 Domann, Eugen, 568, 947 Eisermann, Reinhard, 2208 Ferris, Kathleen E., 3587 Gadkari, Dilip, 6840 Dominguez, Helene, 7807 El-Hajj, Hiyam H., 4450 Ferry, James G., 4997, 5244, Galan, Jorge E., 4338 Donachie, W. D., 6314 El Hassouni, Mohammed, 765 5489 Gallman, Lilly, 6046 Donachie, William D., 2416 Elleman, Thomas C., 7321 Fetzner, Susanne, 279 Galloway, Darrell, 327 Dong, Q., 8133 Elliott, John F., 5820 Fiechter, Armin, 7112 Gamper, Marianne, 1568 Dong, Qianping, 5457 Elliott, Thomas, 245, 3953 Fierer, Joshua, 84, 6418 Garcia, Christine M., 3945 Donnelly, Caroline E., 3133 Ellis, Jeri, 3242 Fierobe, H.-P., 4677 Garcia, Gregory E., 7080 Donnini, Claudia, 3411 Elsemore, David, 200 Fierro, Francisco, 7063 Garcia, Jose L., 5508, 5516 Dooley, James S. G., 40 Ely, Bert, 4101, 6046 Fierro-Monti, Ivo P., 7642 Garcia de los Santos, Doolittle, W. Ford, 1076, 1694 Emerson, George W., 7848 Figueredo, Antonio, 3386 Alejandro, 5183 Dorman, Charles J., 998 Emody, Levente, 4490 Figurski, David H., 4842 Gardina, Paul, 1528 Dosch, Donald C., 1537 Endres, Robert, 5145 Filippini, Silvia, 1641 Gardner, David C. J., 1487 Doublet, Patricia, 5772 Engel, Henk, 6394 Filutowicz, Marcin, 398, 4777 Garletts, Teri L., 7770 Dougherty, Thomas J., 1690 Engel, Peter, 5533 Fimmel, Anthony L., 4496 Garofano, Luisa, 1641 Douthwaite, Stephen, 1333 Engelhardt, Harald, 6527 Finne, Jukka, 7757 Garon, Claude F., 241 Dowhan, William, 205 Englebert, Serge, 6171 Finnen, Ren6e L., 4977 Garrad, Richard C., 7379 Downie, J. A., 4026 Ennis, Don G., 6844 Firshein, William, 477 Garrido, Federico, 2978 Downs, Diana M., 1515 Ennis, Herbert L., 7834 Fischer, Gunter, 6326 Garz6n, Andres, 6298 Drancourt, M., 7455 Ensign, S. A., 5284 Fisher, L. Mark, 1596, 4175 Gaskell, Jill, 5036 Drapeau, Gabriel R., 3964, Entian, Karl-Dieter, 298 Flache, Peter, 2478 Gasson, Mike J., 2273 8016 Epstein, Wolfgang, 2145, 2152 Flaherty, Claire, 6862 Gaudin, C., 4677 Drews, Gerhart, 3030 Eraso, Jesus M., 5101 Flannagan, Susan E., 1801 Gaur, Nand, 3561 Dreyfus, Marc, 619 Erauso, Gael, 6103 Flardh, Klas, 6780 Gayda, Randall C., 5362 Driehuis, Frank, 2028 Erdmann, Volker A., 7859 Flesher, Berdena, 2193 Gaynor, Paulette M., 4078, Driessen, Arnold J. M., 1568 Erickson, Bruce D., 2903 Flett, Fiona, 1487 5711 Driks, Adam, 575 Ernst, Anneliese, 6025, 6179 Fliege, Ronda, 4638 Gazumyan, Anna, 3757 Driscoll, Jeffrey R., 5063 Ernsting, Brian, 2779 Florencio, Francisco J., 650 Geber, Antonia, 6992 Dubourdieu, Michel, 867 Ernsting, Brian R., 1109 Flores, Amando, 6298 Gebhardt, Kirsti, 4094 Duchene, Michael, 327 Errington, Jeffery, 586 Flores, Enrique, 650 Geiger, Otto, 1410 iv AUTHOR INDEX J. BAcr1ERIOL.

Geist, Robert T., 5693 Gramajo, Hugo, 3818 Haggblom, M. M., 5669 Hayat, Unaiza, 2620 Geli, Vincent, 6432 Grandoni, Jerry A., 3212 Haikara, Auli, 3348 Hayes, S. F., 3739 Gelvin, Stanton B., 1086 Grant, Richard, 3570 Hajec, Laurel I., 2043 He, Bin, 130, 7121 Gennis, Robert B., 2338 Gras, Marie France, 4007 Hajra, Amiya K., 5702 He, Ping, 5740 Gennity, Joseph M., 2095 Gray, Gary J., 1205 Hakenbeck, Regine, 4517, He, Sheng Yang, 6878 Gensberg, Karl, 4847 Gray, John, 1086 5152 Head, Steven, 2717 Gentry-Weeks, Claudia R., Gray, Kendall M., 4384 Halbherr, Andrea, 6179 Heath, David G., 2729, 4967 7729 Green, Christopher J., 3147 Haldenwang, W. G., 4629 Heath, Joe Don, 558 Georgellis, Dimitris, 5382 Green, Jacalyn M., 5309, 5317 Haldenwang, William G., 749 Heaton, Michael P., 4707 Georgiou, George, 3407 Greenberg, E. P., 4064, 4384, Hale, Valerie, 2431 Heatwole, Virginia M., 331 Georgopoulos, Costa, 702, 5132 Hall, Belinda M., 8156 Hecker, Michael, 3300, 3993 1240, 5258, 6554, 7407 Greenberg, G. Robert, 5740 Hall, Holly K., 4317 Hederstedt, Lars, 8081 Gerhardt, Philipp, 4463 Greenberg, Miriam L., 4078, Hall, Kimberly C., 1268 Heffernan, Edwin J., 84 Gerischer, Ulrike, 426 5702, 5711 Hall, Ruth M., 1574 Heffron, Fred, 486 Germanier, Maryse, 6264 Greener, Alan, 4777 Halligan, Noreen G., 4689 Hege, Timothee, 5633 Gervais, Francois G., 3964, Gregg-Jolly, Leslie, 200 Halling, Conrad, 1462 Heidelbach, Michael, 2733 8016 Gribskov, Michael, 3843 Halling, Shirley M., 7778 Heider, Johann, 659 Gholamhoseinian, Ahmad, Griffith, Douglas W., 5324 Hamilton, Scott, 1626 Heike, Chinatsu, 3339 4647 Griffith, Jack D., 7864 Hamlett, Nancy V., 6377 Heinrich, Tatjana, 7859 Ghosh, Paritosh, 4509 Grimwade, Julia, 3445 Han, Dong Cho, 7040 Helander, Ilkka M., 1370, Ghuysen, Jean-Marie, 6171 Groisman, Eduardo A., 486 Han, Tzyy-Jan, 3140 3348 Gibbins, A. M., 5275 Gr0nstad, Anne, 3750 Hancock, Robert E. W., 471, Helinski, Donald R., 4110, Gibson, Bradford W., 2525 Gross, Carol A., 3843, 5005, 4977, 5196 4120, 7486, 8119 Gibson, Fernando P., 1222 6256, 7128 Handelsman, Michele Y. C., Helminen, Mera, 5442 Gibson, Jane, 5803 Grossman, Alan D., 3185 2178 Helmstetter, Charles E., 3445, Giebeler, Katharina, 3290 Grossman, Arthur R., 4718 Handsome, Geraline L., 610 8152 Gierse, James K., 6938 Gruber, Karin, 8008 Handwerger, Sandra, 5982 Hendrickson, William, 6862, Giesbrecht, Peter, 2241 Grundy, Frank J., 1299, 6763 Haney, Steven A., 108 7680 Gill, Steven R., 4000 Gruss, Alexandra, 173, 5171, Hani, E., 3494 Hengen, Paul N., 3070 Gillece-Castro, Beth L., 5117 5633 Hanlon, David W., 4218 Hengstenberg, Wolfgang, 2208 Ginocchio, Christine, 4338 Gu, Lijie, 1205 Hansen, Christian K., 3522 Henk, Margaret C., 5362 Ginther, Charles, 3570 Gu, Wei, 179 Hansen, Eric J., 5442 Henkin, Tina M., 1299, 6763 Giordano, Gerard, 7934 Guerry, Patricia, 4230 Hansen, J. B., 6152 Hennecke, Hauke, 1686, 2111 Giorgini, Dario, 5978 Guespin-Michel, J. F., 5136 Hansen, J. Norman, 1417, Henner, Dennis J., 4727 Giovannoni, Stephen J., 269 Guffanti, Arthur A., 4878 6699 Henrissat, Bernard, 765 Glare, T. R., 1020 Guidi-Rontani, Chantal, 327 Hansson, Marianne, 4239 Henry, Michael D., 743 Glaser, Gad, 3903 Guidolin, Angelo, 6138 Hansson, Mats, 8081 Herget, Christian, 3300 Glass, Brian L., 1299 Guilfoile, Patrick G., 3651, Hantke, Klaus, 1029 Herman, Nathan D., 3558 Glazer, Alexander N., 2640 3659 Hara, Osamu, 5141 Hermans, Peter W. M., 4157 Gleason, Florence K., 2592 Guillen, Nancy, 3171 Hara-Hotta, Hisako, 1769 Hernandez, Cesar, 161 Gloux, Karine, 5027 Guillerez, Jean, 619 Harasawa, Ry6, 8163 Herrmann, Jean Louis, 7566 Godon, Jean-Jacques, 6580 Guillon, Jean-Michel, 4294 Harauz, George, 7971 Herrmann, Richard, 7289 Goebel, Werner, 568, 8166 Guiney, Donald, 84 Harder, Wim, 4057 Herskowitz, Ira, 7831 Goguen, Jon D., 4275 Guiney, Donald G., 2493, Hare, Roberta S., 3196 Hesman, Tina L., 2816 Gold, Michael H., 2131 4482, 4853, 6418, 6666 Harkness, Robin E., 2425 Hesse, Joanne E., 2152 Goldberg, Edward B., 7482 Gundersen, D. E., 6694 Haro, Rosario, 2025 Heu, Sunggi, 1734 Golden, Susan S., 3775 Gunji, Shigemichi, 7202 Harrison, Arthur P., Jr., 269 Hibler, N. S., 824, 6624 Goldfine, Howard, 1848 Gunn, John S., 5654 Harshey, Rasika M., 6125 Hidaka, Tomomi, 6857 Goldman, Barry S., 1673 Gunsalus, Robert P., 6688, Hartl, Maria, 568 Hidalgo, Elena, 4130, 6054 Goldman, William E., 7075 7069, 7104, 7474 Hartline, Kelly M., 8156 Hieber, A. David, 7848 Goldstein, Alan H., 5814 Gupta, Dhirendra S., 7963 Hartmann, Roland K., 7859 Higashitani, Atsushi, 1612 Goldstein, Joel, 3867 Gupta, Radhey S., 4594 Hartmans, Sybe, 3275 Higashitani, Nahoko, 1612 Goldstein, Stuart F., 832 Gussin, Gary N., 5156 Hartskeerl, Rudy A., 1352 Higgins, Darren E., 6974 Gollnick, Paul, 2059 Gustafson, Ann, 5430 Harvey, Robert J., 6488 Higgins, Don L., 7463 Gomez, Manolo, 3549 Gutberlet, Thomas, 4798 Harwood, Caroline S., 4657, Higgins, William, 5265 Gonzalez-Candelas, Luis, Gutierrez, Santiago, 3056, 5803 Hilfinger, John M., 5740 6343 7063 Harwood, Julia, 84 Hill, Diana, 327 Goodgal, Sol H., 3392 Gutman, Delia M., 883 Hasegawa, Mamoru, 6896 Hill, John J., 2338 Goodman, Joel M., 4057 Gutowski, Jeanine C., 671 Hasegawa, Patricia, 4853 Hill, Thomas M., 7854 Goosen, N., 1426 Guy-Caffey, Judith K., 2460 Hasegawa, Takaaki, 1063 Hillen, Wolfgang, 2478, 3042, Gore, Richard S., 7838 Guzman, Ernest, 2599 Haselkorn, R., 7273 3049 Gottesman, Max E., 1339 Guzman, Luz-Maria, 7717 Haselkorn, Robert, 4070 Hillier, Alan J., 6956 Gottesman, Susan, 2525 Gyorffy, Steve, 5043 Hassett, Theresa, 3945 Himmelspach, Karl, 1904 Gottschalk, Gerhard, 7656 Hasty, David L., 5145 Hindley, John, 5051 Gotz, Friedrich, 3042, 3676, Ha, Dang Cam, 7555 Hatziloukas, Efstathios, 5895 Hinnebusch, J., 5251 5354 Haanes, Elizabeth J., 4967 Haugan, Kare, 7026 Hiraga, Sota, 2416, 7517 Gourse, Richard L., 398 Haas, Dieter, 1568 Hauser, Janet, 6844 Hirose, Tohru, 4189 Govan, John R. W., 4847 Haas, Rainer, 7321 Hauser, Michael A., 6674 Hirshfield, I. N., 2779 Gowen, Jeanette E., 5961 Habib, Nadia F., 6498 Hausinger, Robert P., 4324 Hirst, Peter H., 4847 Grabau, Charlotte, 2138 Hadar, Yitzhak, 78 Havarstein, Leiv Sigve, 5686 Hobbie, Silke, 5086 Graham, James E., 2711 Haddix, Pryce L., 4820 Hayashi, Masaki, 2404, 2717 Hobbs, Glyn, 1487 Graham, L. L., 7159 Hagg&rd-Ljungquist, Hayashi, Takaya, 3439 Hochman, Ayala, 3386 Gralla, Jay D., 6071 Elisabeth, 1462, 4086 Hayashi, Tetsuya, 6904 Hodges, Larry, 2288 VOL. 174, 1992 AUTHOR INDEX v

Hoe, Nancy P., 4275 Hwa, Vivian, 342, 7185 Jamieson, Derek J., 6678 Karp, Pruedence E., 4496 Hofemeister, Jurgen, 6997 Hwang, Ingyu, 1923 Jann, Barbara, 7963 Karunakaran, Ponniah, 7026 Hoffman, Paul S., 908, 914 Hylemon, Phillip B., 2065 Jann, Klaus, 7963 Kasahara, Megumi, 492 Hohmann, Stefan, 4183 Hyodoh, Fuminori, 4807 Janssen, Gary, 2288 Kasahara, Nobuo, 186 Holliger, Christof, 4427, 4435 Janssen, Gary R., 4753 Kashiwagi, Keiko, 4331 Hollingshead, Susan K., 2729 Iandolo, John J., 4000 Janssen, Peter H., 2449 Kassam, Tasleem, 5820 Holmes, Melissa L., 736 Igarashi, Kazuei, 2922, 4331, Jaskula, Jacqueline C., 4753 Kast, Peter, 1686 6117, 7743 Javor, George T., 1072 Holo, Helge, 5686 Igarashi, Kastowsky, Manfred, 4798 Holt, S. C., 824 Kazuhiko, 5156 Jayaratne, Padman, 8 Kataoka, Takao, 5454 lida, Shigeru, 3936 Jayaswal, Radheshyam K., Holt, Stanley C., 5827 Ike, Yasuyoshi, 1801, 8172 Kato, Ikunoshin, 8163 Holtje, Joachim-Volker, 441 6303 Kato, Junichi, 5149 Ikeda, Shoko, 4331 Jebbar, Mohamed, 5027 Honeyman, A. L., 6152 Ikeda, Timothy P., 1414 Kato, Nobuo, 1063 Hong, S. S., 5284 Jeffrey, Wade H., 4986 Kato, Tetsuo, 3889 Ikenaga, Mituo, 7711 Jendrossek, Dieter, 899 Honma, Yasuko, 6359 Illing, Nicola, 586 Kaul, Ravi, 1205 Hood, Leroy, 2032 Jenkins, Andrew, 6386 Kawagishi, Ikuro, 2298, 6644 Im, Hana, 367 Jenkins, Michael E., 3377 Hoover, Timothy A., 5540 Imai, Yoko, 2185 Kawai, Keiichi, 5340 Hopewell, Robert, 1596 Jensen, Peter R., 7635 Kawai, Shinya, 254 Imaizumi, Ranko, 7743 Ji, Guangyong, 3684 Hopwood, D. A., 2958 Imanaka, Tadayuki, 1397, Kawakami, Yasuhiko, 4807 Hopwood, David A., 5496, Jigami, Yoshifumi, 5526 Kawasaki, Yasuo, 5597 1423, 7478 Johl, Regula, 7112 6184, 7585 Imlay, James A., 953 Kawasaki, Yuko, 4701 Horii, Toshinobu, 1063 Johnson, B. N., 1916 Kawata-Mukai, Mutsumi, Inaba, Kei, 7482 Johnson, Bryan N., 1911 Horikoshi, Koki, 3439, 5936 Inbar, Jacob, 1055 7954 Horinouchi, Sueharu, 7585 Johnson, Michael G., 24 Kay, William W., 4490 Ingram, L. O., 4504, 6438, Johnson, Patricia J., 6822 Horitsu, Hiroyuki, 5340 7370 Kayahara, Takashi, 7482 Horiuchi, Hiroyuki, 7398 Johnson, Reid C., 8043 Keasling, J. D., 1060, 4457 Ingram, Lonnie O., 2039 Johnson, Steven A., 970 Horiuchi, Kensuke, 1612 Inokuchi, Hachiro, 7352 Keath, Elizabeth J., 7075 Horstmann, Karin, 6277 Johnston, A. W. B., 4026 Keck, Wolfgang, 3261, 6394, Inoue, Chihiro, 6617 Johnston, Norah C., 1848 Hoshika, Kazunori, 4807 Inouye, Masayori, 2095, 2384, 7572 Hostalka, Franz, 7048 Jolley, Kellie A., 2460 Keen, Noel T., 2039 2419, 3867, 4907, 5450, 6685 Jones, C. Hal, 6815 Hotte, Barbara, 191 Inouye, Sumiko, 2384, 2419, Keenleyside, Wendy J., 8 Hou, Yunfang, 3092 Jones, Christopher J., 2298 Keesler, George A., 7283 5450 Jones, Pamela G., 3903, 5798 Houng, Huo-Shu H., 5910 Inventi-Solari, Augusto, 1641 Keith, Jerry M., 7729 Houtz, Elizabeth, 1414 Jones, Robert L., III, 4753 Keizer-Gunnink, Ineke, 4057 Iobbi-Nivol, Chantal, 7934 Jonsson, Bengt-Harald, 1388 Hove-Jensen, Bjarne, 6852 Iost, Isabelle, 619 Keller, Barbara, 1686 Howard, Michael T., 7864 J0rgensen, Per L., 3522 Keller, John, 7902 Ippenn-Ihler, Karin, 5567 Joris, Bernard, 6171 Hoyer, Maarten A., 7572 Ireton, Keith, 3185 Keller, Ullrich, 5888 Hoyne, Peter A., 7321 Jovanovic, Oliver S., 4842 Kelly, Karen Ost, 6682 Irikura, Vera M., 793 Jubete, Yolanda, 1345 Hrabak, Estelle M., 3011 Isa, Kimio, 1769 Kelly, Rosemarie, 222 Hsing, Weihong, 7996 Jung, Hai Kwan, 7841 Kelly, Sandra M., 7729 Ishiai, Masamichi, 5597 Jurkevitch, Edouard, 78 Hsu, Mei-Yin, 2384 Ishidate, Kohei, 7982 Kendrick, Kathleen E., 1647 Hu, Nien-Tai, 2679 Ishihama, Akira, 5156 Kengen, Servd W. M., 4435 Hu, Ping-chuan, 627 Ishikawa, Hajime, 1869 Kaan, Anita M., 595 Kennedy, Eugene P., 1410, Huala, Eva, 1428 Ishikawa, Takahiro, 962, 3461, Kaasen, Inga, 889 4856 Huang, A-Min, 5436 7989 Kadner, Robert J., 2754, 2763 Kennell, David, 56 Huang, Fei, 4871 Ishimaru, Carol A., 2993 Kahn, Michael L., 4790 Kenney, Teresa J., 2648 Huang, Hsiou-Chen, 6878 Ishimoto, Karyn S., 3514 Kaidow, Akihiro, 5454 Kerby, R. L., 5284 Huang, Hui-Yuan, 2679 Ishino, Fumitoshi, 7841 Kain, Stephanie J., 5204 Kersten, Philip, 5036 Huang, Jianzhong, 1314 Ishizaki, Kanji, 7711 Kaiser, Dale, 3311, 3319, 7360 Kersten, Thomas, 2241 Huang, Lin, 664 Ishizuka, Hiroshi, 7585 Kakihara, Hirofumi, 7478 Kersulyte, Dangeruta, 7075 Huang, Yan, 7168 Island, Michael D., 2754 Kakudo, Shinji, 7948 Keshav, K. F., 6438 Hudspeth, M. E. S., 5057, Isono, Katsumi, 5985 Kaletta, Cortina, 298 Keszenman, Deborah J., 3125 8111 Itaya, Mitsuhiro, 5466 Kalin, Markus, 7112 Key, Rebekah, 2193 Hue, Kim K., 5860 Itikawa, Hiraku, 3715 Kamanga-Sollo, Ernest, 3739 Khale, Ameeta, 3723 Hugenholtz, Jeroen, 4838 Ito, Ayumi, 5149 Kamekura, Masahiro, 736 Khambaty, Farukh M., 4101 Hughes, Kevin, 4847 Ito, Kimio, 2281 Kamlage, Beate, 3921 Khan, Shahid, 5123 Hughes, Patrick, 2388 Ito, Koreaki, 1454 Kampfenkel, Karlheinz, 5485 Khattar, Medhat, 2416 Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat, Itoh, Yoshifumi, 6904 Kamphuis, Henri J., 6096 Khawaja, R., 3494 Nicole, 7807 luchi, S., 3972, 5617 Kanagasundaram, Varuni, Kieser, H. M., 2958 Huinen, R. G. M., 1426 Ives, Catherine L., 7194 1439 Kieser, Helen M., 5496, 7585 Huisman, Tako T., 6350 Ivey, D. Mack, 4878, 5123 Kanai, Haruhiko, 3439 Kieser, Tobias, 5496 Hull, Richard A., 5228 Iwashima, Akio, 4701 Kanazawa, Hiroshi, 6743 Kihara, May, 793, 6644 Hull, Sheila I., 5228 Iyer, V. N., 499, 3070, 8139 Kaneda, Kenji, 1769 Kilian, Mogens, 2913 Hultsch, Anne-Lise, 7729 Izumi, Tadahide, 7711 Kaneko, Yoshinobu, 4701 Killmann, Helmut, 3479 Hung, Chien-Hui, 5814 Kang, Hyen Sam, 6270 Kim, Changhoon, 5219 Hung, Ming-Ni, 2679 Jackowski, Suzanne, 508, Kano, Kazutaka, 7207 Kim, Eung-Soo, 6184 Hunter, lain S., 434 6411 Kantorow, Marc, 8030 Kim, H.-Y., 8139 Hurme, Reini, 3348 Jackson, Matthew P., 6498 Kao, Christopher Cheng, 1068 Kim, Hyeonsuk, 2095 Huse, Klaus, 4183 Jacobitz, Susanne, 3884 Kaplan, Samuel, 1124, 1135, Kim, Jeongho, 5219 Hutcheson, Steven W., 1734, Jacobs, Diane M., 336 1146, 1158, 1505, 6444 Kim, Jong Ahn, 6270 1742 Jaff6, Aline, 2388 Karamata, Dimitri, 646 Kim, Kun-Soo, 7044 Hutchinson, C. R., 1810 Jager, W., 5462 Kariyama, Reiko, 1619, 3236 Kim, Min-Kyung, 5803 Hutchinson, C. Richard, 144, Jagusztyn-Krynicka, E. K., Karl, Michael R., 7253 Kim, N. W., 3494 725, 3651, 3659, 3818, 5141 6152 Karow, Margaret, 702, 7407 Kim, Phillip S., 2032 vi AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Kim, Su-Ryang, 7053 Kreiling, Jill A., 832 Larson, Thomas G., 3392 Lindqvist, Bjorn H., 4094 King, Steven C., 5436 Krieg, D. P., 6624 Lasa, Ifnigo, 6424 Ling, Mei-Ling, 1717 Kinscherf, Thomas G., 3021 Krieger, Cornelia, 4050 Lathigra, Raju, 1352 Lingens, Franz, 279 Kitada, Makio, 5936 Krishnan, B. Rajendra, 415 Latimer, Jo L., 5442 Linn, Stuart, 6311 Kitazono, Ana, 7919 Kristiansen, Bj0rn-Erik, 6386 Lautier, Martine, 6752 Linn, Thomas, 7174 Kitts, Christopher L., 7791 Kristiansen, Ewy, 4094 La Volpe, Adriana, 873 Lipinska, Barbara, 6554 Kitunen, V. H., 5669 Kroening, Terry A., 1647 Lawrence, J. R., 5732 Liras, Paloma, 4606 Kjelleberg, Staffan, 6780 Krska, Julie, 7436 Lazdunski, Andree, 327 Litwin, Christine M., 1897 Klaenhammer, T. R., 5584 Kruger, Niels, 899, 4391 Lazdunski, Claude, 6432 Liu, Hanming, 7500 Klaenhammer, Todd R., 7463 Krulwich, Terry A., 4878, Leach, David R. F., 1222 Liu, Henry, 4943 Klebba, Phillip E., 1965 5123 Le Bourgeois, Pascal, 6752 Liu, Jian, 2816, 2824, 3455, Klein, Janet D., 2599 Kuan, Chien-Tsun, 6872 Leduc, Mireille, 7982 6548 Klein, Michel H., 2425 Kudyan, Nirva, 4878 Lee, Angela, 3570 Liu, Jinping, 5982 Klein, Shoshana, 324 Kuehn, Glenn D., 2599 Lee, I.-M., 6694 Liu, Junke, 514 Klena, John D., 4746, 7297 Kuempel, Peter L., 7883 Lee, Jeong K., 1146, 1158 Liu, Shih-Tung, 5814 Kletzin, Arnulf, 5854 Kues, Ursula, 1288 Lee, Jong-In, 5436 Liu, Shu-Lin, 1662 Klier, Andre, 3161 Kuhn, Michael, 8166 Lee, Ki-Sung, 2501 Liu, Xiao-Li, 3455 Kline, Bruce C., 3004 Kukor, Jerome J., 6518 Lee, Lan-Ying, 5814 Livneh, Zvi, 2517 Klomparens, Karen L., 682 Kulakauskas, Saulius, 415 Lee, Mann Hyung, 4324 Li-Zhen, Ye, 4189 Kloser, Andrew W., 2525 Kulkarni, Resham D., 3775 Lee, Michael S., 5982 Ljunggren, H. D., 5941 Klupp, Barbara, 1378 Kulshin, Vladimir A., 1793 Lee, Song F., 5275 Llanos, Roxana M., 6956 Knoblich, Ilse-Maria, 4350 Kundu, Manikuntala, 4829 Lee, Younghee, 5219 Lloyd, Robert G., 1222 Kobayashi, Hiroshi, 2922, Kung, Shieh-Shiuh, 8023 Lehnherr, Hansjorg, 6138 Lobau, Sabine, 3300 6117, 7743 Kuo, Alan, 2440 Leighton, Terrance, 3570 L0bner-Olesen, Anders, 525, Kobayashi, Tetsuo, 3439, 6171 Kupfer, Doris M., 4960 Leimeister-Wachter, 1682, 7883 Koch, Arthur L., 4811 Kupke, Thomas, 5354 Michaela, 568, 947 Lochmeyer, Christa, 3621 Koch, Jurgen, 3621 Kuramitsu, Howard K., 3889, Leisinger, Thomas, 7227 Lodi, Tiziana, 3411 Koch, Walter H., 2809 5639, 6707 Lengeler, Joseph W., 7784 Logan, David A., 447 Koehncke, Niels R., 1205 Kurjanczyk, L. A., 1324 Leonard, Alan C., 3445 Logan, Susan M., 1694 Kogoma, Tokio, 630 Kurtz, Harry D., Jr., 687 Leong, David, 5362 Lohman, Karin, 324, 4416 Kohiyama, Masamichi, 2388 Kusano, Tomonobu, 6617 Leroy, Marie-Josee, 5302 London, Jack, 7328 Kohlbrecher, Detlef, 2208 Kusaoke, Hideo, 7207 Lessl, Monika, 2493 Lonetto, Michael, 3843 Kohler, Stephan, 8166 Kushner, Sidney R., 743 Lessnick, Stephen L., 2032 Loper, Joyce E., 2993 Kohler, Thilo, 4246 Kusian, Bernhard, 7337 Lester, Robert L., 2565, 2575, Lopez, Paloma, 2014 Kojic, Milorad, 7868 Kuspa, Adam, 3311, 3319, 7180 Lopez, Rubens, 5508, 5516 Kojima, Nobuko, 7398 7360 Letoff6, Sylvie, 4920 Lorenzen, J., 5941 Kolattukudy, P. E., 6343 Kwon-Chung, K. J., 222 Leveau, J. H. J., 6624 Lory, Stephen, 3423, 3514, Kolbe, Judith, 2236 Levin, Petra Anne, 6717 7345 Kolesnikow, Tassia, 7104 Labes, G., 5462 Levine, Arthur S., 6844 Losick, Richard, 575, 1053, Kolk, Arend H. J., 1352 Labigne, Agnes, 2466, 4212 Levy, Stuart B., 6294, 7844 3177, 6717 Koller, G., 3508 Lack, Achim, 3629 Lewis, Barbara A., 1586 Lottenberg, Richard, 5204 Kolst0, Anne-Brit, 3750 Lacks, Sanford A., 2014 Lewis, Cinzia G., 5165 Loubiere, Pascal, 5302 Kolter, Roberto, 345, 5748 Ladefoged, S0ren A., 2199 Lewis, Donald G., 2032 Louie, H., 3494 Komano, Teruya, 7053 Laffan, John, 477 Lewis, L. Kevin, 3377, 5110 Louie, Pam, 3570 Kondorosi, Adam, 7555 Laffan, John J., 5466 Leyh, Thomas S., 415 Lounatmaa, Kari, 7419 Kondorosi, Eva, 7555 Lagares, A., 5941 Li, Chuan, 355 Love, Jenny, 7245 Konings, Ruud N. H., 595 Lagunas, Rosario, 3065 Li, Jia, 3587 Low, David A., 7003 Konings, W. N., 2391 Lahm, Hans-Werner, 4050 Li, Jing, 4935, 6298 Lowe, Christopher R., 2087 Konings, Wil N., 1568, 2986, Lahti, Carol J., 6822 Li, Ming, 3981 Lu, Wei-Ping, 4667 3118, 4893, 6911 Lai, Joyce L., 5702 Li, Quanzhi, 447 Lu, Yang, 1734 Konisky, Jordan, 5575 Lai, Mei-Chin, 6688, 7474 Li, Tsai-Hsia, 1742 Luche, Ralf M., 48 Kopecko, Dennis J., 3587 Laine, Phyllis S., 3204 Li, Wei, 4148 Lucier, Thomas S., 2078 Koplin, Reinhard, 191 Lam, Hon-Ming, 1554, 6033 Liao, James C., 7527 Luck, B. T., 8139 Koppes, Luud J. H., 2121 Lam, J. S., 2407, 7159 Liautard, J. P., 8036 Ludden, P. W., 5284 Korber, D. R., 5732 Lam, Joseph S., 2178 Libman, Jacqueline, 78 Ludovice, Madalena, 4606 Korn, Susanne, 4042 Lam, Van Thai, 7791 Lidstrom, Mary E., 71, 4444 Ludwig, Robert A., 7791 Kortluke, Christiane, 6277, Lam, Wan L., 1694 Liebl, Wolfgang, 1854 Lugtenberg, Ben J. J., 214, 6290 Lam, Yue, 3850 Liesack, Werner, 5072 5177, 6109 Koshland, Daniel E., Jr., 5117 Lamont, lain L., 7848 Lifsics, Miriam R., 6965 Lui, Judy, 6046 Kossman, Marina, 1528 Lampel, Jay S., 2797 Lightfoot, J., 7159 Lundeen, Scott G., 7217 Koster, Wolfgang, 2305 Lampel, Keith A., 2797 Lim, Pyung-Ok, 682, 2606 Lupski, James R., 4525 Kostrzynska, Magdalena, 40, Lampen, J. Oliver, 6171 Lim, Sung M., 1923 Lurz, Rudi, 2493 2539 Lancy, Edward D., Jr., 6965 Limberger, Ronald J., 832, Lustre, Veronica M., 4197 Kosunen, Timo U., 1370 Land, Marishawn, 5145 6404 Lutkenhaus, Joe, 2398, 5414, Kovari, Iulia, 48 Landale, Edwin C., 6377 Lin, E. C. C., 3972, 5617 6145 Kovari, lulia A., 6831 Lane, David J., 269 Lin, Joan, 4110 Lyczak, Jeffrey B., 2032 Kovari, Ladislau, 48 Lanka, Erich, 2493, 6666 Lin, Lung-Shen, 3111 Lynn, Anita R., 116 Kovari, Ladislau Z., 6831 LaPointe, Gisele, 2631 Lin, Rongtuan, 1948, 2779 Kowaleski, Michael P., 1213 Lapointe, Jerome P., 7791 Lindberg, A. A., 1916 Macario, Alberto J. L., 309, Krah, Regis, 5798 LaPorte, David C., 1414 Lindberg, Alf A., 1911 4683 Kramer, Reinhard, 5533, 7579 Larminat, Florence, 6264 Lindeberg, Magdalen, 7385 MacDonald, Leslie A., 2178 Krause, Duncan C., 4265 LaRoe, Daniel J., 633 Lindley, Nicholas D., 5302 MacDougall, Jane, 2724, 3766 Krause, Martin, 4482 Larribe, Mireille, 5978 Lindner, Buko, 1793 MacLachlan, P. Ronald, 8 VOL. 174, 1992 AUTHOR INDEX vii

MacLean, Leann L., 2172, Mbonyi, Kaishusha, 4183 Miller, Virginia L., 1360, 3945 Muller, M. Michelle, 3800 4913 McAllister, Sylvia A., 2858 Mills, S. D., 1324 Muller, Rudolf, 279 Macnab, Robert M., 793, McBride, Mark J., 4246 Milton, Debra L., 7235 Muller, Volker, 2298, 6644, 2298, 6644 McCarthy, David, 4960 Min, K.-T., 7144 7656 Macy, J. M., 7316 McClarty, Grant, 2865 Min, You-Nong, 7629 Mullick, Prakash C., 5702 Maddelein, Marie-Lise, 3612 McCleary, William, 6061 Mindrinos, Michael N., 3499 Mullin, David A., 857 Madiraju, Murty V. V. S., McClelland, Michael, 1656, Mine, Hiroko, 4807 Mulrooney, Scott B., 4324 7705 3807 Minehart, Patricia L., 1828 Munayyer, Hanan, 3196 Magasanik, Boris, 1828 McCollum, Dannel, 4943 Minion, F. Chris, 4275 Munoz-Dorado, Jose, 5450 Magee, P. T., 2951 McDermott, Timothy R., 4790 Minskoff, Stacey A., 4078 Mural, Richard, 2072 Magill, Nancy G., 8148 McDonald, A. G., 1324 Miranda, Agnes, 2288 Murao, Satoru, 254 Maguin, Emmanuelle, 5633 McDowell, L., 4504 Mirel, Daniel B., 4197 Murata, H., 5471 Mahanty, H. K., 1020 McEvoy, J. L., 5471 Mischnick, Petra, 6096 Murayama, Somay Y., 6948 Maharaj, Romilla, 7680 McFall-Ngai, M. J., 4865 Misra, Tapan K., 7044 Murgola, Emanuel J., 4179 Maier, Robert J., 137 McGrew, Michael, 2431, 4287 Mitamura, Toshihide, 5013 Murillo, Jesus, 4130 Mallonee, Darrell H., 2065 McGroarty, E. J., 2407 Mitchell, Clayton, 2474 Murooka, Yoshikatsu, 2344, Malpartida, F., 2958 McHenry, Charles S., 7013 Mitchell, Robin E., 1837 2485 Manch-Citron, Jean N., 7328 McKenney, Keith, 8030 Miyaji, Aya, 4331 Murphy, G., 4026 Mandal, Nripendranath, 7827 McLaughlin, Robert, 6455 Miyamoto, Kazumasa, 7352 Murphy, John R., 1268 Mandic-Mulec, Ines, 3561 McLean, Robert J. C., 2172 Miyata, Naoyuki, 5340 Murray, Peter J., 4193 Maneewannakul, Kesmanee, McMahon, Christopher W., Miyazaki, Taro, 3715 Myers, Charles R., 3429 5567 1007 Mizushima, Shoji, 4308 Myers, Judith M., 3429 Maneewannakul, Sumit, 5567 McMurry, Laura M., 6294, Mochizuki, Mituaki, 254 Maneval, David R., Jr., 2620 7844 Mockel, Bettina, 8065 Nagai, Kazuo, 5454 Mani, Nagraj, 6303 McNicholas, Paul, 7926 Mohr, C. D., 6624 Nagao, Toshihiro, 5013 Mann, Paul A., 3196 McWhinney, Dalton R., 291 Moir, Peter D., 2102 Nagasawa, Toru, 7613 Manson, Michael, 1528 Mechulam, Yves, 2323, 4294 Molenaar, Douwe, 3118, 4893 Nair, Gopal, 2771 Mantis, Nicholas J., 991, 1189 Meganathan, R., 5057, 8111 Molinas, Catherine, 2582 Nairn, Jacqueline, 434 Mantsala, Pekka, 1883 Meighen, Edward A., 5371, Molz, Lisa, 6862 Naito, Kazuhide, 3339 Marahiel, Mohamed A., 6326 7490 Monack, Denise M., 980 Nakae, Masanori, 1423 Marchal, Christian, 5978 Meijer, Wim G., 3855 Mondello, Frank J., 2903 Nakagawa, Tomoko, 8163 Marconi, Richard T., 241 Meinnel, Thierry, 2323 Montenegro, Eduardo, 7063 Nakagawa, Yoji, 1769 Marechal-Drouard, L., 6471 Mejia, J. P., 6438 Monticello, Robert A., 3370 Nakahigashi, Kenji, 7352 Mares, Rosalee, 390 Mekalanos, John J., 1, 970, Mooi, Frits R., 6350 Nakamura, Akira, 2185 Margarita, Danielle, 2724, 5211, 6807 Moore, Julie, 8030 Nakamura, Chikashi, 2748 7566 Melanqon, Pierre, 7896 Moore, Mark D., 1505 Nakamura, Hiro, 1869 Margerrison, Edward E. C., Meldal, Morten, 2454 Moos, Malcolm, Jr., 7328 Nakamura, Hiroaki, 962, 1596 Mele, Loretta, 477 Moracci, Marco, 873 3461, 7989 Margolis, Peter S., 6717 Mendez, Carmen, 161 Moran, Anthony P., 1370, Nakamura, Kouji, 2185, 4308 Marinus, M. G., 525, 1682, Mendiola, M. Victoria, 1345 3348 Nakamura, Tetsuji, 7613 7509 Meng, Shi-Yuan, 2659, 2670 Moran, Charles P., Jr., 1448, Nakano, Yoshio J., 5639 Marklund, Ulrica, 711 Menge, Ulrich, 3450 2648, 6815 Nakashita, Hideo, 6857 Markowicz, Yves, 4324 Mengin-Lecreulx, Dominique, Morgan, Hugh W., 2449 Nakata, Atsuo, 492 Marquardt, John L., 5748 5772 Morgan, Michael K., 4583 Nakayama, Koji, 4928 Marrs, Barry L., 5482 Menon, Angeli L., 4549 Mori, Masashi, 1063 Nanninga, Nanne, 2028 Marshall, Steven H., 7308 Mergeay, M., 8133 Morimura, Satoshi, 7207 Narberhaus, Franz, 3282, 3290 Marti, J., 8036 Mergeay, Max, 5953 Moritani, Chie, 6743 Nathan, Peter D., 7194 Martin, Christiane, 4517 Merida, Angel, 650 Morris, Christina J., 4444 Nautiyal, C. Shekhar, 2215, Martin, Juan F., 4606 Merkel, Tod J., 2763 Morris, J. Glenn, Jr., 2620 2631 Martin, Juan F., 3056, 7063 Merkel, William K., 5317 Morris, Paul W., 2474 Nazareno, Edward, 6974 Martin, Nancy L., 4977, 5196 Merrick, Mike, 7221 Morris, Roy O., 1478 Negoro, Seiji, 5013, 7948 Martin, Paul R., 2694 Merrill, Barbara M., 5971 Morris, Victor J., 7941 Neidhardt, Frederick C., Martinez, E., 2958 Messner, Paul, 2236 Morsdorf, Gerhard, 6840 2779, 3903 Martin-Triana, A. J., 2958 Metcalf, William W., 2501 Mortenson, Leonard E., 4549 Neidle, Ellen L., 6444 Maskell, Duncan, 7245 Metzler, Mary C., 4500 Moses, Robb E., 4850 Neilands, J. B., 4783 Masker, Warren, 155 Meyer, Christopher R., 4509 Motamedi, Haideh, 1810 Nelson, Diane M., 2763 Mason, J. Clark, 1487 Meyer, Ortwin, 6840 Mottl, Harald, 3261 Nelson, Kimberlyn, 6886 Masters, Millicent, 2102 Meyer, Ralph R., 3204 Moultrie, Andrew, 7048 Neote, K., 3494 Mata, Mireille, 6752 Meyer, Richard J., 6659 Mount, David W., 3377, 5110 Nes, Ingolf F., 5686 Matijasevic, Zdenka, 2043 Meyer, Thomas F., 7321 Moxon, Richard, 7245 Nester, Eugene W., 2720, Maton, Laurent, 7452 Meyers, M., 6247 Muda, M., 8057 5676 Matsuhashi, Michio, 7841 Michaels, Mark Leo, 5168, Mueller, John P., 4361, 4374 Neuhaus, Francis C., 4707 Matsumura, P., 6247 6321 Mugikura, Shigeru, 2922 Neujahr, Halina Y., 7112 Matsunaga, Tadashi, 2748 Michel, Eric, 7098 Mukai, Kuniaki, 7954 Neumann, Bjorn, 6307 Matsushita, Kazunobu, 122 Michelsen, Ole, 7635 Mukerji, Pradip, 4777 Neuwald, Andrew F., 415 Matsuyama, Shin-ichi, 4308 Milano, Anna, 638 Mukhopadhyay, Debabrata, Newman, E. B., 1948, 2779 Matsuyama, Tohey, 1769 Miller, Charles G., 1626, 1631, 7044 Nghiem, Hoang-Oanh, 1904 Matthews, Rowena G., 1109, 5869, 5881 Mukohara, Yukuo, 962, 3461, Nguyen, Nga Y., 3227 2779 Miller, George H., 3196 7989 Nguyen, Thien Ngoc, 4239 Matthysse, Ann G., 5999 Miller, Jeff F., 970, 980 Mulder, Egbert, 35 Nichols, Brian P., 5309, 5317 Maurer, Russell, 6965, 7689 Miller, Jeffrey H., 5168, 6321 Mulders, Ine H. M., 214 Nichterlein, Thomas, 568 Mayer, Hubert, 1904 Miller, Karen J., 7838 Mulks, Martha H., 2694 Nicolas, M., 8036 Mayerhofer, Linda E., 309 Miller, Robert V., 327, 1862 Muller, Angeles, 1495 Niehaus, K., 5941 viii AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Nieland, Patrick, 3261 Oreglia, Jacqueline, 2412 Perez-Casal, Jose, 5693 Ragsdale, Stephen W., 4667 Niemi, J., 2958 Orndorff, Paul E., 5923 Perini, Giovanni, 1641 Raha, Manidipa, 6644 Nies, Dietrich H., 1288, 8102 Ornston, L. Nicholas, 200 Perkins, Jeffrey D., 558 Rahme, Laurence G., 3499 Nijkamp, H. John J., 2851 Orser, Cindy S., 2898, 5745, Perrotta, Joseph A., 5803 RajBhandary, Uttam L., 7819, Nikata, Toshiyuki, 5149 8003 Perry, Malcolm B., 2172, 7827 Niki, Hironori, 2416, 7517 Orsi, Nicola, 5727 4913, 5324 Raju, T. S., 1324 Nilsson, Lars, 921 Ory, Jeremia, 7436 Persmark, Magnus, 4783 Ramalingam, Ramachandran, Nimmo, Hugh G., 434 Osburne, Marcia S., 320 Peschel, Andreas, 3676 7834 Ninfa, Alexander J., 1109, Oshida, Tadahiro, 4952 Peters, Howard K., III, 4629 Ramos, Jose, 2025 4538, 6061 Oshima, Takehiro, 3339 Peters, N. Kent, 3467 Ramos, Juan L., 2978 Nishikawa, Masuhiro, 2922 Ost, Karen A., 4727 Peterson, Jay B., 3399 Ramos-Gonzalez, Nishimura, Hiroshi, 4701 Osuna, Robert, 8043 Petit, F., 5136 Maria-Isabel, 2978 Nishimura, Koichi, 7352 Ottemann, Karen M., 6807 Petty, June, 1487 Randesi, Matthew, 2943 Nishimura, Yukinobu, 4205 Otten, Sharee L., 144 Phoenix, Pauline, 3964 Rao, N. N., 8057 Nissen-Meyer, Jon, 5686 Ou, Jonathan T., 5910 Piekarowicz, Andrejz, 5654 Rao, Xiao-Mei, 6659 Nobelmann, Barbara, 7784 Oudega, Bauke, 6350 Piggot, P. J., 4885 Raoult, D., 7455 Noda, Yoichi, 4302 Oxender, Dale L., 108, 1777 Piggot, Patrick, 4647 Rapoport, Georges, 3161 Noel, K. Dale, 2222 Oyanagi, Wataru, 408 Pihl, Todd D., 137 Rapoza, Maria P., 2460 Nohmi, Takehiko, 6948 Pincus, Seth H., 3739 Rasmussen, John, 2454 Nolling, Jork, 5719 Pace, Bernadette, 269 Pinto, William J., 2565, 2575 Ratcliffe, Michael J. H., 4007 Noon, Kerry F., 5910 Pace, N. R., 269 Pirkl, Elsbeth, 7289 Rather, Philip N., 3196 Normark, Staffan, 1844 Pagel, Frances T., 4179 Pisabarro, Antonio G., 5549 Rauch, Peter J. G., 1280 Norqvist, Anders, 7235 Pahl, Andreas, 5888 Pittard, A. J., 2376 Ravenscroft, Neil, 7595 Norris, Ursula, 4496 Painbeni, Eric, 3087 Plamann, Lynda, 3311, 3319, Rawlings, Douglas E., 6230 Nosaka, Kazuto, 4701 Pakkanen, Raimo, 7419 7360 Ray, Paul H., 5961, 5971 Notermans, Serve, 568 Palacios, Jose M., 4130 Platko, Jill V., 108 Raya, R. R., 5584 Numata, Masahiko, 6617 Palacios, Rafael, 5183 Podkovyrov, Sergey M., 5400 Raymond-Denise, Agnes, 3171 Nunes, Elia, 3125 Palaniappan, C., 8111 Pohlenz, Hans-Dieter, 6600 Read, Ron R., 7670 Nunoshiba, Tatsuo, 6054 Palsson, B. O., 1060, 4457 Polaina, Julio, 3087 Ream, Walt, 2288 Nuyten, J. M., 8133 Palva, Airi, 7419 Polarek, James W., 2145, 2152 Rech, S. A., 7316 Palva, Ilkka, 7419 Polazzi, Joseph O., 6938 Record, M. Thomas, Jr., 1586 Oaks, Edwin V., 1990 Palzkill, Timothy, 5237 Ponniah, Sathibalan, 5145 Reddy, G. P., 2620 Obanye, Anthony I. C., 1487 Pang, H., 1324 Pons, Maria Elena, 2014 Reeve, J. N., 3508 O'Brian, Mark R., 4223 Pankratz, H. Stuart, 4463 Pontius, Linda T., 1821, 3152 Reeve, John N., 7864, 7890 Ochs, Dietmar, 298 Pannekoek, Yvonne, 6928 Pooley, Harold M., 646 Refseth, Unn Hilde, 1307 Oelze, J., 5021 Panoff, Jean-Michel, 6025 Poolman, B., 2391 Regassa, Laura B., 5095 Ogawa, Wakano, 7482 Panopoulos, Nickolas J., Poolman, Bert, 2986, 3118 Reid, Sharon J., 7642 Ogawara, Hiroshi, 2834 3499, 5895 Poralla, Karl, 298 Reinholdt, Jesper, 2913 Ogura, Teru, 2416, 7517 Pansegrau, Werner, 6666 Portnoy, Daniel A., 1293 Reiser, Jakob, 7112 Ohlsen, Kari L., 6071 Papoutsakis, Eleftherios T., Pospiech, Andreas, 6307 Reitzer, Lawrence J., 179 Ohman, Dennis E., 4140 7149 Postma, P. W., 2843 Reizer, Jonathan, 1433 Ohmori, Shinji, 3339 Parales, Rebecca E., 4657 Postma, Pieter, 3161 Remy, Elaine, 4509 Ohnishi, Koji, 408 Pareilleux, Alain, 5302 Poth, Harold, 2648 Renault, Pierre, 6571 Ohta, Akinori, 7398 Parent, Roger, 2891 Potter, Andrew A., 17 Renner, Michael J., 4324 Ohta, Michio, 1063 Park, Chankyu, 5219 Poulsen, Knud, 2913 Rensing, Christopher, 1288 Ohta, Toshio, 6896 Park, Heui-Dong, 48, 6831 Power, Mary E., 3874, 4230 Resnick, Sol, 4986 Ohta, Toyoo, 1423 Park, Seur K., 1837 Powlowski, Justin, 711 Reuke, Brigitte, 4042 Ohtaka, Chiaki, 1869 Park, Soon-Jung, 2160 Pradel, Elizabeth, 930, 4736, Rex, John H., 6992 Ohtake, Hisao, 5149 Parker, Craig T., 930, 2525, 4746 Reynolds, Kevin A., 3850 Ohtsubo, Eiichi, 4205 4736 Praszkier, J., 2376 Reznikoff, William S., 655, Ohyama, Takao, 2922, 7743 Parks, Leo W., 7283 Predich, Mima, 2771 1229, 4530 Okada, Hirosuke, 5013, 7948 Parr, Tom R., Jr., 4689 Preiss, Jack, 4509 Ricca, Ezio, 3177 Okada, Nobuhiko, 6359 Parsek, Matthew R., 7798 Preston, James F., III, 2039 Riccardi, Giovanna, 638 Okazaki, Masaharu, 5340 Parsot, Claude, 5211, 7661 Price, Chester W., 3695 Rice, John D., 2039 Okker, Robert J. H., 5177, Paruchuri, Durga K., 5788 Price, Nicholas C., 434 Rice, Louis B., 7308 6109 Passador, Luciano, 7174 Priefert, Horst, 899, 6590 Richards, James C., 2172, Oliver, Ian R., 2102 Paster, Bruce J., 2002 Prieur, Daniel, 6103 5324 Oliver, Stephen G., 1487 Patel, Ashok M., 3541 Pringle, J. Howard, 2102 Richaud, Catherine, 5265, Olsen, Gary J., 269 Paterson, E. Suzanne, 499 Pucci, Michael J., 1690, 5982 7566 Olsen, Ingar, 2002 Patil, Rajkumar V., 102, 6918 Puglisi, Pier Paolo, 3411 Richter, Gerald, 4050 Olsen, Ronald H., 4986, 6518 Patnaik, Ranjan, 7527 Puhler, A., 5462, 5941 Richter, Petra, 3030 Olson, Carol, 5156 Pattee, Peter A., 6303 Puhler, Alfred, 191, 2968 Rieble, Siegfried, 7910 Olson, Eric R., 530 Patton, Jana L., 7180 Pulitzer, John F., 873 Rietschel, Ernst T., 1793 Olson, Joan C., 4140 Paul, T. R., 6508 Pum, Dietmar, 3487 Rikkerink, E. H. A., 2951 Olson, Karl D., 1007 Paul, Terry R., 4689 Puziss, John W., 92, 6488 Rimpilainen, Marja, 3355 Ondraczek, Roland, 5086 Payne, Shelley M., 3270, 3729 Pyne, Caron, 1750 Rinken, Regina, 1172, 5424 O'Neill, Michael C., 2816 Pazour, Gregory J., 4169 Qin, Bin, 2865 Ripley, Murray, 914 Ono, Bun-ichiro, 3339 Pease, Elizabeth A., 3532 Qoronfleh, M. Walid, 7902 Ritzenthaler, Paul, 6752 Opperdoes, Frederik R., 1273, Pei, Zhiheng, 1258 Quon, Kim, 1760 Rivera, M., 2407 2929 Pelkonen, Sinikka, 7757 Robert, Alain, 4239 Oram, Mark, 4175 Penner, J. L., 1324 Racenis, Patricia V., 5702 Robert-Baudouy, Janine, 7807 Ordal, George W., 4017, 4218 Peralta, Ernest G., 2288 Radolf, Justin D., 5442 Roberts, G. P., 5284 O'Rear, Jessica, 6125 Perez, Pilar, 6368 Radstrom, Peter, 6386 Roberts, Gary P., 3364 VOL. 174, 1992 AUTHOR INDEX ix

Roberts, Ian, 5127 Rutherford, Ann, 3695 Schmidt, Ann, 2565 Shao, Weilan, 5848 Roberts, Jacqueline R., 4667 Rygus, Thomas, 3049 Schmidt, Bernhard, 899 Shapiro, James A., 7262 Roberts, Mary F., 6688 Schmidt, Francis J., 3220 Shapiro, Lucille, 1760, 3327 Roberts, Richard C., 7486, Saastamoinen, T., 5669 Schmitt, Emmanuelle, 2323 Shapleigh, James P., 2338 8119 Sabbaj, Alfredo, 7844 Schmitter, Jean-Marie, 4294 Sharma, Baldev, 558 Robinson, Jayne B., 3896 Sadaie, Yoshito, 4308 Schnaitman, Carl A., 930, Sharma, Bela, 7854 Robrish, Stanley A., 3227 Sadouk, A., 8133 2525, 4736, 4746, 7297 Sharma, V., 5057, 8111 Robson, Robert L., 4549 Sahl, Hans-Georg, 5354 Schneider, Barbara L., 179 Shashkov, Alexander S., 7963 Rock, Charles O., 508 Sahm, Hermann, 8065 Schneider, Rene, 1179 Shaw, Karen J., 3196 Rodgers, Carol, 1837 Saier, Milton H., Jr., 1433 Schneider, Thomas D., 3558 Shaw, Paul D., 1923 Rodriguez-Navarro, Alonso, Saillard, C., 6471 Schoenlein, Patricia V., 6046 Shen, Ben, 3818 2025 Saint Girons, Isabelle, 2724, Schoenmakers, John G. G., Shen, Zhenhai, 4878 Rodzevich, Olga V., 5079 3766, 7566 595 Shen, Zhu, 4647 Roegner-Maniscalco, Vivien, Sakaguchi, Kenji, 7478 Schofield, Mary Anne, 5168 Shepherd, Sherri, 2565 4166 Sakai, Yasuyoshi, 5988 Schottel, Janet L., 2431, 4287 Sherman, David H., 6184 Roels, Steven, 575 Sakai-Tomita, Yuki, 6743 Schraa, Gosse, 4427, 4435 Shi, Wenyuan, 6256 Rogers, Robert, 5814 Sakata, Taizo, 40 Schreier, Harold J., 671 Shiau, Sheng-Ping, 179 Rohde, Manfred, 6277 Sakoda, Hisao, 1397 Schrempf, H., 2688 Shibata, Annemarie, 4638 Rohrer, Jurg, 6230 Sakurada, Kazuhiro, 6896 Schroder, Imke, 7104 Shibata, Chiyoko, 6117 Rollof, Jan, 1844 Salama, Sameeh M., 6800 Schroder, Joachim, 841 Shibuya, Ichiro, 254 Romaguera, Antonio, 3450 Salas, Jose A., 161 Schroder, Karl-Ludwig, 4350 Shimazu, Akira, 6857 Roman, S. J., 6247 Salkinoja-Salonen, M. S., Schroder, Werner, 7859 Shimojo, Takayuki, 40 Romane, Cecile, 7934 5669 Schroeder, Brett L., 5204 Shinabarger, Dean L., 7798 Rombouts, Frank M., 6096 Salman, Michael, 4410 Schuch, R., 4885 Shinagawa, Hideo, 492 Romero, David, 5183 Salmeron, John M., 1604 Schuitema, Anja, 1352 Shingler, Victoria, 711 Romling, Ute, 327 Salom6n, Raul A., 7428 Schulman, Brenda A., 137 Shinkai, Akio, 4308 Ronald, Pamela C., 1604 Salou, Patrick, 5302 Schulte, Ralf, 815 Shinoda, Sumio, 3339 Roncero, Cesar, 3250 Salvo, Virgilio A., 3125 Schultze, Michael, 7555 Shioda, Masaki, 7207 Rondon, Michelle R., 2267 Salyers, Abigail A., 166, 342, Schultze-Lam, Susanne, 7971 Shiratori, Toshikazu, 6617 Rong, Sing, 3812 2935, 5609, 7185 Schultz-Hauser, Gabriele, Shockman, Gerald D., 1619, Roof, David M., 6634 Sanchez, Pilar, 6368 2305 3236 Roof, William D., 7527 Sanchez-Salas, Jose-Luis, 807 Schulz, Gerhard, 2236 Rosen, Barry P., 3242 Sanders, David Avram, 5117 Schumann, Wolfgang, 3300, Shoemaker, Nadja B., 166, Rosenbluh, Amy, 5406 Sanders, Jay M., 2935 3993 2935 Rosenstein, Ralf, 3676 Sanders, Leigh Ann, 857 Schuster, Cordelia, 5152 Short, Steven A., 2881 Rosey, Everett L., 530, 6159 Sanderson, Kenneth E., 1662 Schuster, Stephan C., 263 Shrimankar, Paresh, 7689 Rosok, Mae, 4977 Sandhu, Gurpreet S., 3004 Schuttke, Iris, 6600 Sicard, Nicole, 2412 Ross, Wilma, 398 Sandman, K., 3508 Schwan, William R., 2367 Siebers, Annette, 6911 Rossi, Mose, 873 Sandman, Kathleen, 7864 Schwartz, Edward, 6277 Siegele, Deborah A., 345, Rossol, Ingrid, 2968 Sandman, Kathleen M., 7890 Schwartz, Ira, 3757 5748 Roth, Amy, 1612 Sandmeier, Heinrich, 3936 Schwartz, John J., 3757 Siehnel, Richard J., 471, 4977, Roth, John R., 24, 2138, 2253, Sanson, Be6ndicte, 6539 Schwarz, Heinz, 2305 5196 6634 Sansonetti, Philippe J., 7661 Schwencke, Jaime, 1495 Sieling, Peter A., 349 Rothfield, Lawrence, 7202, Santamaria, Ram6n I., 6368 Scocca, John J., 6674 Signer, Ethan R., 324 7982 Santiago-Lara, M. Leticia, 807 Scopes, R. K., 4504 Sikkema, Jan, 2986 Rothfield, Lawrence I., 63 Santini, Claire-Lise, 7934 Scopes, Robert, 3455 Silhavy, Thomas J., 1410, Rothlisberger, Urs, 4050 Sara, Margit, 3487 Scopes, Robert K., 1439 5661, 5881 Rothmel, Randi K., 7798 Sasakawa, Chihiro, 4331, 6359 Scott, June R., 4036, 5693, Silver, Simon, 3684 Rothstein, David M., 3111, Sasaki, Minoru, 2485 5840, 6005 Silverman, Michael, 7490 7926 Satola, Sarah, 2648 Scott, LuAnn, 5994 Simaan, M., 7138 Rottem, Shlomo, 4410 Satola, Sarah W., 1448 Sears, Barbara B., 682, 2606 Simon, Reinhard, 191 Roudier, Chantal, 6418 Sauerborn, Markus, 6707 Sears, Lauren E., 1213 Simoneau, Philippe, 627 Routier, Francoise, 3612 Savage, Dwayne C., 7217 Seifert, H. S., 2367 Simons, Guus, 4475 Roux, V., 7455 Sawers, Gary, 3474 Seifert, H. Steven, 4899 Singh, Bhag, 4594 Rowley, Daniel L., 623 Saxena, Pratibha, 1956 Sejlitz, Torsten, 7112 Singh, Bhagirath, 5820 Rownd, Robert H., 7620, 7629 Sayavedra-Soto, Luis A., 5295 Selander, Robert K., 3587, Singh, Shiva P., 1965 Roy, Paul H., 1248, 2891 Schaaper, Roel M., 1974 6886 Singh, Shree R., 1965 Roychoudhury, Siddhartha, Schaefer, Michael R., 3775 Sella, Carmen, 5560 Sinskey, Anthony J., 1854 7680 Schafer, A., 5462 Sellmann, Eckhard, 4350 Sippy, Jean, 850 Ruan, Xiaoan, 3467 Schairer, Hans Ulrich, 2733, Seno, Yukio, 736 Sirevag, Reidun, 1307 Rubin, Fran A., 3587 6307 Seoane, Asuncion, 7844 Sizemore, Christine, 3042 Ruby, E. G., 4865 Schandel, Kimberly A., 3800 Sequeira, Luis, 1068, 4356 Sjolander, Anders, 4239 Ruby, John D., 832 Schauer, Alan T., 367, 4727 Serino, Laura, 5727 Skaliter, Rami, 2517 Rudd, Kenneth E., 4583, 5479 Schell, Mark A., 1314 Setlow, Barbara, 807, 2312, Skidmore, Michael O., 2404 Ruhrmann, Jutta, 7579 Schellhorn, Herb E., 4769 2943 Skladny, Heyko, 2733 Ruijter, G. J. G., 2843 Scherb, Barbara, 2111 Setlow, Jane K., 2943 Skold, Ola, 6386 Ruiz-Argueso, Tomas, 4130 Schiesswohl, Michael, 3300, Setlow, Peter, 807, 2312, Skurnik, M., 2047 Ruiz-Cabello, Francisco, 2978 3993 2737, 2874, 2943, 6717, 8148 Slater, J. Howard, 1932, 1941 Ruiz-Herrera, Jose, 362 Schlaman, Helmi R. M., 5177, Seto, Haruo, 6857 Slettan, Audun, 4094 Rumley, Marilynn K., 4856 6109 Severin, Anatoly, 5152 Sletten, Knut, 5686 Ruscitti, Theresa, 6311 Schleifer, Karl Heinz, 327, Seyer, Jerome H., 908 Sleytr, Uwe B., 2236, 3487, Russell, Perry W., 5923 1854 Shakibai, Nader, 7202, 7982 8008 Russo, Frank D., 1410 Schmidt, Angelika, 3993 Shanzer, Abraham, 78 Slivienski, Linda L., 6404 x AUTHOR INDEX J. BAcrERIOL.

Slonczewski, Joan L., 530, Steinmetz, Michel, 6087 Suzuki, Tohru, 5340 Thelen, Paul, 7482 1537 Stephan, Megan, 6294 Svitil, Amy L., 3078 Thevelein, Johan M., 4183 Smaglinski, Silke, 6179 Stephens, Richard S., 2742 Swanson, John, 3739 Thibaut, Denis, 1036, 1043, Smeltzer, Mark S., 4000 Stepkowsky, Tomasz, 5183 Swanson, Ronald V., 2640 1050, 7445, 7452 Smink, Aize J., 6394 Stettler, Rolf, 7227 Swartzman, Elana, 7490 Thomas, Andrew W., 1932, Smit, Hans, 1568 Stevanovic, Stefan, 5354 Swedberg, Gote, 6386 1941 Smit, John, 687, 1783, 2193, Stevens, Ann M., 2935 Sweeney, Erin C., 6992 Thomas, Constance T., 5803 6527, 7595 Stevens, Barry J. H., 7941 Sweet, Gaye, 6981 Thomas, Michael J., 349 Smith, Anthony W., 4847 Stevens, Christine M., 586 Swenson, Dana L., 7697 Thomas, Sharon E., 5442 Smith, Colin P., 1487 Stevens, Herman, 4475 Sypherd, Paul, 362 Thomas, Susan M., 3695 Smith, Dean K., 5820 Stevens, Marla K., 4265 Szabo, Marika, 7245 Thomas, T. D., 6152 Smith, Douglas W., 3078 Stewart, George C., 6159, Szittner, Rose B., 5371 Thomas, William D., Jr., 6771 Smith, Doug W., 327 6729 Szumanski, M. B. W., 758 Thomashow, Michael F., Smith, Issar, 2771, 3561 Stewart, Murray, 7470 Szwajcer-Dey, Estera, 2454 5767, 6011, 6018 Smith, John M., 130 Stewart, Philip, 5036 Thomm, M., 3508 Smith, Kristin D., 1478 Stewart, Philip S., 4513 Ta, Christopher N., 4169 Thompson, Daphne E., 8158 Smith, Noel H., 3587 Stewart, Valley, 3667, 4935, Tabassum, Romana, 7890 Thompson, John, 3227 Smith, Richard I. F., 3945 6298 Taber, Harry W., 5063 Thompson, Stuart A., 5788 Smith, Stephen H., 1783, 6527 Stibitz, Scott, 7770 Tabita, F. Robert, 3593, 3601, Thoms, Brigitte, 5424 Smith, Steven W., 3416 Stich, R. William, 7778 3607, 3855 Thomson, Jamie C., 2612 Sneath, Barbara J., 1875 Stigter, John, 1428 Tabuchi, Akira, 6904, 7629 Tiedje, James M., 2560, 6653 Snoep, Jacky L., 4838 Stine, W. Blaine, 3078 Tadmor, Yaakov, 2517 Tien, Ming, 3532 Snozzi, Mario, 1179 Stock, Jeffry B., 6061 Tafuri, Sherrie R., 5798 Tiwari, Devendra N., 6025 Snyder, William B., 5661 Stocker, B. A. D., 1916 Taghavi, S., 8133 Tobe, Toru, 4331, 6359 Sockett, Hilary, 793 Stocker, Bruce A. D., 1911 Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, 5978 Toh-e, Akio, 3339 Sode, Koji, 2748 Stoebner, Janice A., 3270, Tai, Chin-Ying, 5814 Toivanen, P., 2047 Sofuni, Toshio, 6948 3729 Tai, Yutaka, 5340 Tolmasky, Marcelo E., 7670 Sohaskey, Charles D., 367 Stolowitz, Mark L., 2032 Takada, Ayako, 5454 Tolner, B., 2391 Solinas, Maria M., 1641 Stone, Barbara J., 3945 Takagi, Masahiro, 1423 Tomasz, Alexander, 4952, Soliveri, Juan, 6215 Stones, Victoria L., 4769 Takagi, Masamichi, 254, 7398 5152 Solomon, Felix, 486 Stordal, Leif, 7689 Takahashi, Nobuyoshi, 3889 Tomcsanyi, Tihamer, 415 Somerville, C. R., 2352, 6479 Strack, Bettina, 6666 Takamatsu, Hiromu, 4308 Tomoyasu, Toshifumi, 2416 Somerville, Ronald L., 331 Stragier, Patrick, 5265 Takamizawa, Kazuhiro, 5340 Tomura, Keiko, 6117 Sonenshein, Abraham L., Straley, Susan C., 4820 Takatsuki, Akira, 4302 Tong, Suxiang, 4638 3812, 4361, 4374 Streber, Wolfgang R., 6600 Takaya, Naoki, 7398 Toone, W. Mark, 5479 Song, Woo-Joo, 6411 Strobel, Sharon M., 92 Takayanagi, Shinnosuke, 7207 Top, Eva, 5953 Sosa, Luis, 362 Strohl, William R., 2797 Takeshima, Toshiyuki, 6617 Topisirovic, Ljubisa, 7868 Southam, G., 935, 6460 Str0m, Arne R., 889 Takiff, Howard E., 1544 Topp, Edward, 2898, 5745, Sparling, P. Frederick, 5788 Strom, Mark S., 7345 Talarico, Todd L., 5971 8003 Speedie, Marilyn K., 3850 Struck, Douglas K., 291 Talibart, Roland, 5027 Topping, Andrew W., 1941 Spiegelberg, Renate, 2102 Stuitje, Antoine R., 2851 Tan, Xuqiu, 4943 Torian, Bruce E., 2858 Spiers, A. J., 7533 Stupperich, Erhard, 4427 Tanabe, Hiroyuki, 3867 Torriani, A., 8057 Spinola, Stanley M., 6455 Stutzenberger, Fred, 7048 Tanaka, Hirosato, 186, 408 Torti, Francesca, 1641 Squires, Catherine L., 1081 Stutzman-Engwall, Kim J., Tanaka, Kazuma, 3339 Toschka, Holger Y., 327 Squires, Craig, 1081 144 Tanaka, Seiji, 5985 Toussaint, A., 8133 Srikumar, Ramakrishnan, 4007 Stuy, Johan H., 5604 Tanaka, Shingo, 3715 Townsend, David E., 2702 Srinivasan, Bharath, 2565, Styrvold, Olaf B., 889 Tanaka, Teruo, 7954 Trachtenberg, Shlomo, 6198 7180 Sueoka, Noboru, 5466 Tancula, Elizabeth, 1554, 5609 Trieselmann, Bruce A., 30 Srinivasan, M. C., 3723 Sugai, Motoyuki, 2511 Tang, Freda, 2679 Trueba, Gabriel A., 4761 Srivastava, Sunil Kumar, 56 Sugawara, Kazuyuki, 6617 Tani, Yoshiki, 5988 Trueheart, Joshua, 7831 Stackebrandt, Erko, 5072 Sugino, Hiroyuki, 2344, 2485 Tano, Tatsuo, 4189 Trun, Nancy J., 5881 Stadtman, Thressa C., 7080 Sugio, Tsuyoshi, 4189 Tao, Hong, 2222 Truniger, Veronica, 6981 Stahl, David, 269 Suh, Yousin, 2361 Tao, Tao, 3395 Trust, Trevor J., 40, 2539, Stahl, David A., 2193 Sulavik, Mark C., 3577 Tapprich, William E., 7896 3874, 4230, 4490, 7470 Stahl, Stefan, 4239 Sullivan, Patrick A., 7848 Tardif, Ginette, 3577 Tsai, Chao-Ming, 1793 Stahl, Ulf, 1288 Sullivan, Susan L., 1339 Tarshis, Mark, 4410 Tsai, Joyce, 5788 Stams, Alfons J. M., 4427, Summers, Anne O., 2160, Tatti, Kathleen M., 6815 Tsai, Kan-Jen, 116 4435 3097, 6377, 8094 Taylor, Diane E., 2332, 3092, Tsay, Jiu-Tsair, 508 Staneloni, Roberto J., 7670 Summers, Richard G., 1810, 6800 Tse-Dinh, Yuk-Ching, 7059 Stansmore, Katharine, 3570 3818 Taylor, Kenneth A., 6608 Tseng, Min-Jen, 5740 Starrenburg, Marjo J. C., 4838 Sumrada, Roberta A., 48 Tegman, Viola, 1388 Tsuchimoto, Suguru, 4205 Staskawicz, Brian J., 1604 Sun, Dongxu, 2312, 6717 Teixeira de Mattos, M. Joost, Tsuchiya, Tomofusa, 6743, Stauffer, George V., 390, 4833 Sun, Fei, 2729 4838 7482 Steen, Mark T., 1417 Sundstrom, Paula, 6789 Terawaki, Yoshiro, 6904 Tsuda, Masaaki, 6743, 7482 Steenbergen, Susan M., 1099, Sung, Young-Chul, 3645 ter Kuile, Benno H., 1273, Tsui, Ping, 664 5127 Suppmann, Bernhard, 3474 2929 Tsung, Kangla, 4907 Steffes, Chris, 3242 Sussman, Michael D., 807 Terpstra, P., 5346 Tsuru, Daisuke, 7919 Stegehuis, Freek, 6350 Suttle, Bruce, 2072 Tessman, Irwin, 6872 Tsushima, Hirofumi, 4807 Stein, Daniel C., 4899, 5654 Suvarna, K., 5057 Tetart, Franqoise, 35 Tuckman, Margareta, 320 Stein, Murry A., 2525, 2858 Suwanto, Antonius, 1124, Teyssier, J., 8036 Tummler, Burkhard, 327 Steinbuchel, Alexander, 899, 1135 Thanabalu, Thirumaran, 5051 Tummuru, Murali K. R., 5916 4391, 6590 Suziedelis, Kestutis, 415 Theisen, Michael, 17 Tuohy, Ther6se M. F., 4179 Steinhaus, Heike, 441 Suzuki, Kazushi, 408 Theisen, Patrick, 3445 Tuovinen, Olli H., 3896 VOL. 174, 1992 AUTHOR INDEX xi

Turnbough, Charles L., Jr., Vanrolleghem, Peter, 5953 Wall, Judy D., 3386 White-Ziegler, Christine A., 514 van Rooijen, Rutger J., 2273 Wallace, B., 2391 7003 Turner, Geoffrey, 3789 van Soolingen, Dick, 4157 Wallbrandt, Pia, 1388 Whitfield, Chris, 8, 4614, 4913 Turner, Raymond J., 3092 van Vuuren, Hendrik J. J., Walsh, Christopher T., 5748 Whitman, William B., 541 Tuscan, Michael, 456 6831 Walter, Karl A., 7149 Widada, J. Sri, 8036 Tuttle, Franklin E., 1537 Van Way, Susan, 857 Walter, Ronald B., 5604 Wiegand, Torsten W., 1229 van Wijngaarden, Leen, 6394 Walter, William A., 5005 Wiegel, Juergen, 5848 Ubbink, M., 3707 Varley, A. W., 6729 Udaka, Shigezo, 2281 Wandersman, Cecile, 4920 Wieland, Bermd, 3042, 3676 Varshney, Umesh, 7819 Wang, Ge, 191 Wierenga, John J., 3261 Ueguchi, Chiharu, 1454 Vary, James C., 2474 Ueki, Ayako, 4807 Wang, Hao, 2720 Wieruszeski, Jean-Michel, Vary, Patricia, 3161 Wang, Juan, 1086 3612 Ueki, Michiko, 7841 Vasiljevic, Branka, 7868 Uemori, Takashi, 8163 Wang, Linghua, 4450, 5647 Wieslander, Ake, 1388 Veenhuis, Marten, 4057, 4943 Wang, Pei, 3850 Wild, Jadwiga, 398, 6256 Uemura, Hiroshi, 5526 Veiga da Cunha, Maria, 1013 Uetz, Thomas, 1179 Wang, Xiao Hui, 5013 Wilkinson, Brian J., 2702, Velasco, Javier, 3056 Wang, Xin, 6303 2711, 6303 Uhlen, Mathias, 4239 Velleman, Mathias, 6138 Uhlin, Bernt Eric, 7606 Wang, Xing, 3593, 3601, 3607 Wilkison, William O., 6608 Venkatesan, Malabi M., 1990 Willems, Rob H., 6350 Ulitzur, S., 7138 Verbeek, Hans, 921 Wang, Xuesong, 7620 Unden, Gottfried, 5533 Wanner, Barry L., 2053, 2124, Willemsen, Peter T. J., 6350 Verbon, Annelies, 1352 Williams, Gregg, 2145 Uotila, J. S., 5669 Verbree, Elizabeth C., 2851 2501, 4558, 6061 Upadhyaya, N. M., 1020 Ward, Douglas F., 1339 Williams, Jim C., 5540 Verhoogt, Hans J. C., 1568 Williamson, Gary, 7941 Upshaw, Yvonne, 1965 Verstraete, Willy, 5953 Wariishi, Hiroyuki, 2131 Urabe, Hiroaki, 2834 Warner-Bartnicki, Audrey L., Williamson, Peter R., 6992 Verwey, M. A., 2843 Williamson, Rufus M., 1777 Urabe, Itaru, 5013, 7948 Verwoert, Ira I. G. S., 2851 1862 Urbanowski, Mark L., 390, Watabe, Ken, 962, 3461, 7989 Willimsky, Gerald, 6326 Vidgren, Gabriele, 7419 Willins, Debra Aker, 7648 4833 Viebrock-Sambale, Adelheid, Watanabe, Ichiro, 7613 Ursinus, Astrid, 441 Watanabe, Masahiko, 6948 Willis, David K., 3011, 3021 5332 Wilmes-Riesenberg, M. R., Urzainqui, Ana, 3403, 4416 Vignais, Paulette M., 4258 Watanabe, Takeshi, 186, 408 Uzan, Marc, 6539 Waterham, Hans 4057 2124 Vijgenboom, Erik, 921 R., Wilmes-Riesenberg, Mary R., Vaara, Martti, 7090 Vik, Steven B., 633 Waters, Virginia L., 2493, 4558 Vagner, Valerie, 5593 Vilches, Carmen, 161 6666 Wilson, Dorothy M., 3083 Valentin, Eulogio, 4183 Viljoen, Marinda, 6831 Watson, Ned, 530 Wilson, Helen R., 514 Valla, Svein, 7026 Villanueva, Julio R., 6368 Waukau, Jill, 1522 Wilson, I. W., 2376 Valles, Salvador, 3087 Villarejo, Merna, 3637 Weber, Frans J., 3275 Wilson, T. Hastings, 3083, Valli, Khadar, 2131 Vimr, Eric R., 1099, 5127, Webster, Robert E., 2460, 5436 Valvano, Miguel A., 7500 5869, 6191 3800 Winans, Stephen C., 991, van Alphen, Loek, 4007 Vinella, Daniel, 2388 Wecke, Jorg, 2241 1189, 7033, 7040 Van Alstine, Gaylene L., Virelizier, Henri, 7555 Weeratna, Risini, 914 Winkler, Malcolm E., 1554, 4036, 5840 Visca, Paolo, 5727 Wehmeier, Udo F., 7784 6033 Van Beeumen, J., 3707 Vodkin, Michael H., 5540 Wei, Bei-Yang, 2754 Wireman, Joy, 2160 van Berkel, Willem J. H., Voelkner, Petra, 2152 Wei, Zhong-Min, 1875 Wisnieski, Bernadine J., 2032 3275 Vogel, Ann M., 303, 5161 Weightman, Andrew J., 1932, Witkin, Evelyn M., 4166 Van Boom, Jacques H., 6096 Vold, Barbara S., 3147 1941 Woeste, Steven, 4811 van Bruggen, Ernst F. J., Volk, Kevin J., 5982 Weil, J. H., 6471 Wohlleben, W., 5462 5391 Volk, Rainer, 4050 Weiner, Joel H., 3092 Woldringh, Conrad L., 35 Van Bruggen-Van Der Lugt, Volker, Susanne, 6527 Weinreich, Michael D., 4017, Wolf, Richard E., Jr., 623, Andrea W., 6096 Volker, Uwe, 3300, 3993 4530 4638 van Dam, K., 2843 Volkert, Michael R., 2043 Weinstein, Michael, 7486 Wolfe, Ralph S., 1007 Van Den Koornhuyse, Volz, K., 6247 Weinstock, George M., 558, Wolffe, Alan P., 5798 Nathalie, 3612 Vonck, Janet, 5391 4525, 5101 Wolfram, James H., 5814 Vanden Wymelenberg, von Eichel-Streiber, Weinstock, Orna, 5560 Wolf-Watz, Hans, 3355, 7235 Amber, 5036 Christoph, 6707 Weintraub, A., 1916 Wolk, C. Peter, 6025 van de Putte, P., 1426 von Gabain, Alexander, 5382 Weintraub, Andrej, 1911 Womble, David D., 7620, 7629 Vander Horn, Peter B., 3928 Von Lintig, Johannes, 841 Weisberg, Robert A., 1983 Wong, Kwong Kwok, 1656, van de Rijn, Ivo, 349 Voordouw, Gerrit, 1726 Weiss, Bernard, 3915, 4450, 3807 van der Lelie, D., 8133 Vuorio, Riitta, 7090 5647 Wong, Sui-Lam, 3981 van der Linden, Karin H., Weissborn, Audrey C., 4856 Wood, Ann P., 6317 2851 Wacharotayankun, Weissmahr, Richard N., 7112 Woodard, Ann, 778, 2729 van der Linden, Mark P. G., Rochaporn, 1063 Welch, Rodney A., 6771 Woodgate, Roger, 6844 7572 Wachi, Masaaki, 5454, 7841 Wells, Gerald W., 2575 Woodruff, Wendy A., 4977 van der Rest, Michel E., 4893 Wackernagel, Wilfried, 1172, Wendt-Pienkowski, Evelyn, Woods, David R., 7642 VanderZwaag, Deborah, 8030 5424 1810 Woods, Jon P., 7075 van Drunen, Cornelis, 921 Wada, Chieko, 5597 Wenzel, Rainer, 7289 Worrell, V., 7370 van Embden, Jan D. A., 4157 Wagner, Stephen P., 6771 Wessels, Michael R., 3739 Wower, Iwona, 1213 Vanet, Anne, 921 Wagner, Vincent T., 5999 Westermann, Peter, 4350 Wright, Anita C., 2620 van Heijenoort, Jean, 3549, Walderhaug, Mark O., 2152 Wetzstein, Michael, 3300 Wright, Rachel J., 7848 5772 Walker, Graham C., 324, Whelan, Kenneth F., 1197 Wrona, Thomas J., 1099 van Heijenoort, Yveline, 3549 3133, 3403, 4416 White, David, 5780 Wu, Bin, 5258 van Meurs, G., 2843 Walker, James R., 1956 White, Peter J., 434, 1647 Wu, Chen-Yeu, 2679 Vann, Willie F., 315 Walker, Margaret S., 1119 White, Robert H., 4576 Wu, Henry C., 2511 Vanneste, Joel L., 2785 Walker, Stephen G., 1783, White, Sally, 1537 Wu, J.-J., 4885 van Putten, Jos P. M., 6928 7595 White, W. Bruce, 4997 Wu, Jianhua, 3242 van Riel, Maarten, 4475 Wall, Daniel, 6554 Whiteley, H. R., 549 Wu, Jie, 3915 xii AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Wu, Jiunn-Jong, 4647 Yang, Liying, 1258 Young, Richard A., 4193 Zehnder, Alexander J. B., Wu, Pen-Chaur, 1647 Yang, Maozhou, 3867 Young, Ry, 291 4427, 4435, 6336 Wu, Ruping, 7620 Yano, Ikuya, 1769 Young, Ryland F., 7527 Zeikus, J. Gregory, 5400 Wu, Whi-Fin, 4833 Yano, Keiji, 254 Young, Scott A., 1837 Zembrzuski, Bozena, 3455 Wu, Yifei, 233, 6918 Yanofsky, Charles, 2059 Youngman, Philip, 1293, 2648 Zeng, Hong, 6904 Wu, Zhi-liang, 2720 Yao, Rong, 4683 Yu, Fujio, 7613 Zevenhuizen, Ludovicus P. T. Yao, Zhongjie, 7500 Yu, Hongri, 7044 M., 6336 Xiao, Yingxian, 1734 Ye, Rick W., 2560, 6653 Yu, Janet, 2785 Zhang, Wandong, 5450 Xing, Ruye, 541 Yeh, Hung-Yueh, 336 Yu, Josephine, 3327 Zhang, Yaoping, 3364 Xu, Chunying, 2384 Yelton, David B., 6404 Yu, Sai Hung, 4913 Xu, Kaiping, 3953 Yen, Kwang-Mu, 7253 Yu, Tin-Wein, 7762 Zhang, Yong-Ping, 4500 Xun, Luying, 2898, 5745, 8003 Yim, Harry H., 3637 Yudkin, M. D., 7144 Zheng, Su, 4070 Yoda, Koji, 4302 Yura, Takashi, 630, 5597 Zhou, Dan, 4576 Yamada, Hideaki, 7613 Yokoyama, Yoshiko, 7207 Zhou, Yan Ning, 5005, 6256, Yamada, Masami, 6948 Yomano, L. P., 4504 7128 Yamagata, Hideo, 2281 Yomo, Tetsuya, 5013 Zagorec, Monique, 3161 Zhu, Yingfang, 6171 Yamaguchi, Shigeru, 793 Yonei, Shuji, 7711 Zahler, Stanley A., 3212, 3928 Zhuang, Wei Yun, 1760 Yamamoto, Sumiyo, 3339 Yoo, Je-Geun, 7337 Zahringer, Ulrich, 1793 Zielinski, Nicolette A., 7680 Yamamoto, Tomoko, 6554 Yoon, Kyung Pyo, 116 Zakrzewska-Czerwi6ska, J., Zimmermann, Friedrich K., Yamanaka, Kunitoshi, 2416, York, Karen, 2648 2688 4183 7517 Yoshikawa, Akikazu, 5985 Zalkin, Howard, 130, 1883, Zimmermann, Robert A., 1213 Yamane, Kunio, 2185, 4308 Yoshikawa, Masanosuke, 6359 6207, 7121 Zimniak, Ludwika, 205 Yamasaki, Makari, 4302, 5454 Yoshimoto, Tadashi, 7919 Zaman, Guido J. R., 595 Zuber, Ulrich, 3300 Yamashita, Mitsuo, 2485 Yother, Janet, 601, 610 Zanella, Giuseppe, 1641 Zuerner, Richard L., 4761 Yan, William, 2332 Young, Debra A., 5482 Zanker, Hans, 841 Zumft, Walter G., 2394, 5332 Yanai, Koji, 7398 Young, Douglas B., 1352 Zapata, Gerardo, 315 Zusman, David R., 4246 Yancey, Stephanie D., 743 Young, Karen E., 166 Zaritsky, Arieh, 8152 Zyskind, Judith W., 3078 SUBJECT INDEX VOLUME 174 a locus Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae aidB gene cytoduction, 7831 lipopolysaccharide 0 antigens, 5324 anaerobic induction, 2043 U. maydis, 7831 RTX hemolysin E. coli, 2043 AadR target cell specificities, 291 Ail variants anaerobic aromatic acid degradation, Actinorhodin polyketide synthase amino acid substitutions, 1360 5803 complementation, 6184 D-Alanyl-activating enzyme gene R. palustris, 5803 S. coelicolor, 6184 L. casei, 4707 abaA locus Acyl coenzyme A synthetase gene fadD Alcaligenes eutrophus S. coelicolor, 2958 E. coli acetaldehyde dehydrogenase II gene absB locus physical map location, 7875 acoD, 899 S. coelicolor, 4622 Acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate pathway acetoin catabolism, 4391 Accessory gene regulator enzymes acetyl coenzyme A synthetase gene S. aureus, 5095 S. cerevisiae, 5702 acoE, 6590 aceK mutations adc region acoR gene, 4391 E. coli, 1414 C. acetobutylicum, 426 czc system, 8102 Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase II gene acoD Adenine deaminase insertion element, 8023 A. eutrophus, 899 S. cerevisiae, 3102 IS1086, 8133 Acetate Adenine utilization membrane-bound dehydrogenase, 6277, methanogenesis S. cerevisiae, 3102 6290 minireview, 5489 Adhesin pentose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase genes, Acetobacter aceti H. pylori, 2539 7337 terminal oxidase, 122 Adhesin gene Alcohol dehydrogenase gene Acetohydroxy acid synthases P. loescheii, 7328 B. stearothermophilus, 1397 enteric bacteria, 5560 ADP-ribosylation, reversible Alcohol oxidase crystals, peroxisomal subcloned subunits, 5560 A. brasilense, 3364 architecture, 5391 Acetohydroxyacid isomeroreductase gene Aerobactin production H. polymorpha, 5391 ilvC E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, algC regulation Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, 7910 2993 P. aeruginosa, 7680 Acetoin catabolism Aeromonas spp. AlgP A. eutrophus, 4391 S-layer proteins P. aeruginosa, 824 acoR gene, 4391 antigenic diversity, 40 AlgR-binding sites a-Acetolactate synthase A-factor, heat stable P. aeruginosa, 6624 L. lactis subsp. lactis bv. diacetylactis, M. xanthus, 3319 Alkaline pH 4838 AfsQl-AfsQ2 two-component regulatory E. coli nha mutant, 7743 Acetyl coenzyme A synthetase gene acoE system Alkaline serine protease gene A. eutrophus, 6590 Streptomyces spp., 7585 halophilic archaea, 736 agr Alkaliphilic Bacillus spp. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthesis electrogenic Na+/H+ antiport, 5936 C. thermoaceticum, 4667 S. aureus, 5095 Agrobacterium tumefaciens membrane ultrastructure, 5123 in vivo rates, 4667 Alkene monooxygenase N-Acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate uridyl- avirulence mutation, 5676 Mycobacterium sp. strain E3, 3275 transferase gene cyclic 0-1,2-glucan synthetase NADH reductase component, 3275 B. subtilis, 6852 mechanism, 7941 Alkylamines N-Acetylglutamyl-phosphate reductase diauxic growth, 2215 D. radiodurans, 7168 gene argC 3-glucosidase gene, 1478 Alpha-crystallin family S. clavuligerus, 4606 heat shock response, 991 M. tuberculosis 14,000-molecular-weight N-Acetylornithinase mannopine catabolism mutation, 2631 antigen, 1352 E. coli, 2323 miaA gene Amber disease locus Acetyltransferases vir gene expression, 1086 S. entomophila, 1020 genetic analysis, 3196 ntrA gene, 2720 Amber suppressors acfA opine transport genes, 841 amino acid substitution, 5436 V. cholerae, 5211 &32-like sigma factor, 991 Amino acid aminotransferases acfD T-DNAs, long, 2288 M. aeolicus, 541 V. cholerae, 5211 vibronectin-like protein, 5999 Amino acid substitution Acholeplasma laidlawii vir gene expression amber suppressors, 5436 evolutionary relationship with mycoplas- miaA gene, 1086 lactose carrier protein, 5436 malike organism, 2606 VirA protein, 7033 D-Amino acids pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, 1388 VirD2 activity, 303 E. coli peptidoglycan, 5549 tRNA genes, 8163 virD3 gene, 5161 Aminodeoxychorismate lyase Acinetobacter baumannii virG E. coli, 5317 iron transport system, 7670 altered-function mutations, 7040 Aminoethylcysteine degradation Acinetobacter calcoaceticus constitutive mutations, 4169 C. glutamicum, 2968 supraoperonic clustering, 200 virG transcription C-S lyase, 2968 acoD gene stress stimuli, 1189 Aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase A. eutrophus, 899 ahpC gene proteins acoE gene E. coli specificity-determining amino acids, 3196 A. eutrophus, 6590 physical map location, 3826 Aminoglycoside resistance determinant acoR gene ahpF gene M. zionensis, 7868 A. eutrophus, 4391 E. coli Aminoglycoside sensitivity acetoin catabolism, 4391 physical map location, 3826 E. coli, 4331 xiii VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xiv

5-(p-Aminophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy- Arginine-ornithine exchanger Autoinducer-LuxR-independent modula- pentane P. aeruginosa, 1568 tion modified folate, 4576 argJ gene V. fischeri lux genes, 2440 S. solfataricus, 4576 N. gonorrhoeae, 2694 Autolysins oa-Amylase, cytoplasmic argK gene B. subtilis, 464 E. coli, 6644 P. syringae pv. phaseolicola, 5895 S. pneumoniae, 5508 Amylase, haloalkaliphilic argU expression Autolysis Natronococcus sp. strain Ah-36, 3439 E. coli, 1956 S. aureus mutant Amylose-defective mutants aroK gene TnS51, 4952 C. reinhardtii, 3612 E. coli, 525 Avirulence mutation Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 aroL promoter A. tumefaciens, 5676 glutamine synthetase E. coli, 331 avrPto gene regulation, 650 Trp-Tyr repressor synergism, 331 disease resistance, 1604 Synechocystis glnA strain, 650 Aromatic acid degradation, anaerobic Azorhizobium caulinodans nitrogenase synthesis AadR, 5803 nicotinate catabolism pathway, 7791 heterocyst mutants, 6025 R. palustris, 5803 Azospirillum brasilense phycoerythrocyanin operon, 2640 Aromatic dehalogenases ADP-ribosylation, reversible, 3364 sigma factor homologs, 7273 M. fortuitum, 5669 draG gene, 3364 thioredoxins, 2592 Arsenic resistance operon draT gene, 3364 Anabaena vanabilis S. aureus pI258, 3684 Azotobacter vinelandii dinitrogenase reductase S. xylosus pSX267, 3676 hacxZ, 5295 in vitro activation, 6179 Arsenical ATPase efflux pump hydrogen oxidation genes, 4549 Anaerobic aromatic acid degradation tellurite resistance, 3092 hydrogenase activation, 5295 AadR, 5803 Arthrobacter oxydans nitrogenase-2 R. palustris, 5803 carbamate hydrolase, 6600 regulation, 3884 Anaerobic fumarate transport Arylsulfatase synthesis nitrogenase activity, oxygen tolerant E. coli, 5533 K aerogenes, 2344 divalent cations, 3399 Anaerobic toluene oxidation negative regulator gene foA, 2344 denitrifying Pseudomonas strain, 4860 asg mutants Baby machine, improved Anthranilate metabolism, anaerobic M. xanthus, 3311 E. coli, 3445 denitrifying bacterium, 3621 protein rescue, 3311 Bacillus brevis Anthranilate synthesis mutants A-signalling lon gene, 2281 R. meliloti, 4416 cell density sensing, 7360 Bacillus cereus symbiotic phenotype, 4416 M. xanthus, 7360 physical maps, 3750 Antibiotic synthesis mutants Aspartate proteinase, secreted Bacillus circulans S. coelicolor, 4622 C. albicans, 7848 chitinase D gene, 408 Antigen structure second gene, 7848 Bacillus coagulans S. adjacens, 349 Aspergillus nidulans pBC1, 638 Antirestriction proteins bimG gene, 384 proline iminopeptidase gene, 7919 plasmid ard genes, 5079 chitin synthesis, 384 S-layer lattice, 3487 Antisense RNA Bacillus firmus C. acetobutylicum, 7642 chitin-deficient mutants, 377 CadC glutamine synthetase regulation, 7642 glucan-deficient mutants, 377 E. coli Na+/H+ antiporter stimulation, aph mRNA orlA gene, 384 4878 S. fradiae, 4753 penicillin biosynthesis regulation, 3789 Bacillus lautus translational start site selection, 4753 penicillin biosynthetic pathway genes, cel4 gene, 3522 araFGH promoter 7063 Bacillus licheniformis E. coli, 6862 tsE gene, 384 BlaR, 6171 araJ-tsx region Aspergillus spp. Bacillus megaterium E. coli extracellular polysaccharide structure, glucose dehydrogenase isozymes, 5013 map alignment, 1709 6096 xyl operon arb genes ATP hydrolysis catabolite repression, 3049 E. chrysanthemi, 765 DnaB mutant protein, 7689 Bacillus methanolicus 13-glycohydrolase family, 765 E. coli, 7689 methanol dehydrogenase gene, 5346 Arc regulatory components atp mutants Bacillus polymyxa E. coli, 5617 carbon metabolism, 7635 ,B-glucosidase, 3087 ArcB E. coli, 7635 Bacillus sphaericus E. coli, 3972 energy metabolism, 7635 mosquitocidal toxin signal transduction, 3972 ATP-binding membrane protein, novel proteolytic processing, 5051 arcD gene B. subtilis, 4302 Bacillus spp. P. aeruginosa, 1568 ATP-dependent cadmium transport DNA polymerases, 4350 Archaebacterium, hyperthermophilic B. subtilis, 116 GPR protease, 807 relaxed plasmid, 6103 cadA cadmium resistance determinant, small, acid-soluble spore protein degra- ard genes 116 dation, 807 plasmid antirestriction proteins, 5079 ATP-driven extrusion system Bacillus spp., alkaliphilic argC gene L. lactis, 3118 electrogenic Na+/H+ antiport, 5936 S. clavuligerus, 4606 attP22 site membrane ultrastructure, 5123 argE product E. coli Bacillus stearothermophilus E. coli, 2323 physical map location, 3834 alcohol dehydrogenase gene, 1397 argFGH operon Autoinducer-deficient strain cyclodextrin glucanotransferase muta- E. coli lux genes, 4384 tions, 7478 physical map location, 3836 V. fischeri, 4384 S-layer protein pool, 8008 xv SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Bacillus subtilis RNA, small cytoplasmic, 2185 Bacteriophage resistance gene N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate uridyl- RNase PH gene rph, 4727 L. lactis subsp. lactis, 7463 transferase gene, 6852 rpsD gene Bacteriophages ATP-binding membrane protein TmrB, regulatory target site, 6763 A7 4302 sacB gene P. aeruginosa common antigen lipo- ATP-dependent cadmium transport, 116 C. glutamicum, 5462 polysaccharide, 2407 autolysins, 464 S. lividans, 5462 assembly protein bofA gene, 3177 sacPA operon membrane localization, 2460 cadA cadmium resistance determinant regulation, 3161 topology, 2460 ATP-dependent cadmium transport, SacT activity, 3161 chromosomal insertion sites 116 sacXY operon minireview, 7495 DD-carboxypeptidase, 4885 transcription, 6087 depolymerase CDP-glycerol:poly(glycerophosphate) SecA protein, 4308 E. coli polysaccharide, 7757 glycerophosphotransferase, 646 septum placement genes, 6717, 6729 EJ-1, 5516 CheW shape determination genes, 6717, 6729 HP1 methyl turnover, 4218 sigE site-specific integration, 6674 coat morphogenesis precursor region mutations, 3812 J proteins spoIVA, 575, 586 G4, 2717 cspB gene, 6326 regulation, 749, 3695 4X174, 2717 dacB gene, 1717 L. gasseri 4adh DegU-phosphate -10 binding region, 6815 site-specific recombination, 5584 stabilization by DegR, 7954 A dinR expression, 3171 truncated proteins, 7144 E. coli nusG, 1339 divIVB region, 6717, 6729 Sin, 3561, 3570 N protein, 1339, 6711, 8144 DNA replication small cytoplasmic RNA, 2185 Nun action, 1983 putative protein repressor, 477 spaE gene, 6699 nutL mutations, 1983 dnaK locus, 3300 SpoOA prohead binding mutant, 850 early spo genes spoIIG promoter activity, 1448 transcription termination suppression, transcriptional regulation, 2771 spo genes, early 6711 flagellar genes, 4017 transcriptional regulation, 2771 M13 ftsA deletion strain, 2398 spoII mutants gene V, 595 ftsA regulation sporlets, 8148 replication, 595 sporulation, 4647 spoIL4 locus, 4885 Mud-P22 ginRA repressor spoIIE regulation, 2648 S. typhimunium mapping, 1673 operator interactions, 671 spoIIG promoter activity Nun action promoter interactions, 671 SpoOA, 1448 X nutL mutation, 1983 glucose starvation-inducible genes, 4361, spoIVA gene, 575, 586 nutL mutations 4374 sporulation Nun action, 1983 groESL operon, 3981, 3993 bofA gene, 3177 P1 gsiA gene ftsA regulation, 4647 early gene regulation, 6138 early sporulation gene expression, gene expression timing, 3185 replication, cell cycle specific, 4457 4374 pro-oK processing regulation, 3177 tail fiber gene evolution, 3936 transcriptional regulation, 4361 sporulation gene expression P2 gsiB gene gsiA, 4374 attachment sites, 4086 transcriptional regulation, 4361 sporulation, stage II E. coli, 4086, 4094 GTP cyclohydrolase I, 2059 Sin, 3561, 3570 ogr genes, 4094 guaA, 1883 transcription regulation, 3561, 3570 tail fiber genes, 1462 hemEHY genes, 8081 sporulation-specific penicillin-binding P22 ilv-leu operon protein, 1717 development, 5869 transcriptional regulation, 3212 gene, 5430 opdA gene, 5869 L. monocytogenes hemolysin gene, 1293 spoVK gene, 1053 +adh leucyl-tRNA synthetase gene leuS, 3928 SspC protein L. gasseri, 5584 leuS gene, 3928 expression in E. coli, 2943 site-specific recombination, 5584 menBE operon, 5063 subtilin gene, 1417 4X174 methyl turnover tagF (rodC), 646 E. coli OmpT protease, 2404 CheW, 4218 TmrB prohead accessory protein gpB, 2404 min genes, 6717, 6729 novel ATP-binding membrane protein, recombination mot operon, 4197 4302 H. influenzae rec-2, 4960 mre genes, 6717, 6729 tRNA gene cluster, 3147 S. pneumoniae EJ-1, 5516 mtrAB operon, 2059 tyrS gene, 1299 T4 oriC-type II DNA binding distance, 5466 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thompsoni comCat gene, 6539 pE194 excision, 6997 lysis-inhibited-cell lysis, 8073 penicillin-binding protein, sporulation crystal protein genes, 549 Bacteria domain nrdA and nrdB genes, 5740 specific, 1717 ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, gene, 5430 novel groups, 5072 5740 phosphoproteins, 2474 Bacteriochlorophyll regulation T7 pIP501 copy number C. aurantiacus, 5021 double-strand break repair, 155 RepR, 5475 Bacteriocin RNA polymerase, 619 pro-ok mutations, 4629 L. lactis, 5686 tail fiber genes pro-oMC processing regulation, 3177 two-peptide-dependent activity, 5686 P1, 3936 purA, 1883 Bacteriophage resistance P2, 1462 recA expression, 3171 +149, 6221 pl5B, 3936 recombination efficiency, 5593 V. cholerae, 6221 transfer among phages, 1462 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xvi

Bacteroides spp. Bradyrhizobium japonicum Capsule structure conjugative chromosomal elements ferrochelatase mutant, 4223 P. mirabilis, 2172 excision, 166 fixK-like gene, 2111 CARI expression insertion, 166 hemH gene, 4223 nitrogen catabolite repression, 48 plasmidlike forms, 2935 rhizobitoxine mutants, 3467 S. cerevisiae, 48 Bacteroides spp., oral black pigmented Bradyrhizobium sp. strain 32H1 CARI gene conjugal elements cell surface carbohydrates, 7838 inducer-responsive upstream activation transfer, 4853 continuous culture, 7838 sequence, 6831 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Branched-chain amino acid transport S. cerevisiae, 6831 chondroitin sulfate utilization pathway E. coli, 108 Carbamate hydrolase genes, 342 Lrp, 108 A. oxydans, 6600 chuR gene, 7185 Brucella ovis Carbohydrate-binding sites starch binding genes, 5609 dnaK gene, 8036 C. difficile, 6707 baiB gene Brucella spp. S. mutans, 6707 Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708, 2065 polymorphism, 7778 Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase system BamHI restriction-modification system Butanol dehydrogenase isozyme genes R. rubrum, 5284 B. subtilis, 7194 C. acetobutylicum, 7149 Carbon starvation E. coli, 7194 bvgAS locus Vibrio sp. strain CCUG 15956 regulation, 7194 B. bronchiseptica, 980 ribosomes, 6780 Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus flagella, 980 Carboxypeptidase conjugation procedure, 6011 motility, 980 E. coli, 441 hit locus, 6018 bvgS gene M. racemosus, 447 lipopolysaccharides, 2858 B. pertussis, 970 DD-Carboxypeptidase Bdellovibrios constitutive mutations, 970 B. subtilis, 4885 host dependence bypl mutant DD-Carboxypeptidase mutant minireview, 5765 S. cerevisiae, 4183 murein composition, 5152 Benjaminiella poitrasii S. pneumoniae, 5152 NADP/NAD glutamate dehydrogenase cad operon cat gene ratio E. coli, 530, 2659, 2670 Tn2424, 2891 dimorphism, 3723 transcriptional regulation Catabolite gene activator protein Benzoate catabolism external pH, 530 E. coli, 6918 P. putida, 4986 cadA4 cadmium resistance determinant lac transcription activation Betaine ATP-dependent cadmium transport, 116 minireview, 655 E. coli, 1586 B. subtilis, 116 tdc operon expression, 6918 osmoregulation, 1586 Campylobacter coli Catabolite gene activator protein-like pro- Bile acid-coenzyme A ligase flagellin antigenicity, 4230 tein Eubactenum sp. strain VPI 12708, 2065 genome map, 2332 X. campestris, 5457 Bile salt hydrolase isozymes Campylobacter fetus Catabolite repression Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-100, 7217 sapA promoter, 5916 V. parahaemolyticus H+-translocating bimG gene surface array proteins ATPase, 6743 A. nidulans, 384 reattachment, 1258 catBC operon Biosurfactant Campylobacterjejuni activation, 7798 S. marcescens, 1769 genome map, 2332 P. putida, 7798 Biphenyl dioxygenase genes lipopolysaccharides, low molecular Catechol-mediated iron transport Pseudomonas sp. strain LB400, 2903 weight E. chrysanthemi, 4783 BlaR diversity, 1324 Caulobacter crescentus B. licheniformis, 6171 structures, 1324 flaFG region, 6046 Bleaching lysyl-tRNA synthetase gene, 695 flagella nutrient deprivation, 4718 physical map, 3494 early gene expression, 1760 Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942, Campylobacter spp. flagellar sheath 4718 DNA methylation, 8156 helical, 6198 Bleomycin damage repair flagellar hook protein, 3874 flagellum biosynthesis, 4101 S. cerevisiae, 3125 Candida albicans flbF gene, 857 BlnI restriction map aspartate proteinase, secreted flgI region, 4101 S. typhimurium, 1656 second gene, 7848 fliL gene, 3327 bofA gene cysteine proteinase inhibitor, 4807 fliM gene, 3327 B. subtilis, 3177 enolase, 6789 holdfast attachment genes, 687 Bordetella avium lysine biosynthesis, 7379 outer membrane lipopolysaccharide, outer membrane protein gene, 7729 maltase gene, 6992 7595 Bordetella bronchiseptica retrotransposon, 5624 S-layer structure, 6527 bvgAS locus sucrose utilization Caulobacters flagella, 980 paracrystalline surface layer proteins, motility, 980 zinc finger protein, 222 1783 Bordetella pertussis switching, 2951 phylogeny, 2193 bvgS gene white-opaque transition, 2951 CDP-diacylglycerol metabolism constitutive mutations, 970 Candida boidinii S. pombe, 5711 physical map, 7770 directed mutagenesis, 5988 CDP-glycerol:poly(glycerophosphate) glyc- Borrelia burgdorferi multipurpose peroxisomes, 4057 erophosphotransferase physical map, 3766 Capsular polysaccharide B. subtilis, 646 plasmid copy number, 5251 V. vulnificus, 2620 cea rRNA gene organization, 3757 Capsule expression anaerobic regulation, 5101 Borrelia spp. E. coli, 8 cefG gene phylogenetic analysis, 241 rcsA gene, 8 C. acremonium, 3056 xvii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL. ceIA1 gene Chitin-deficient mutants regulation, 1848 S. halstedii, 6368 A. nidulans, 377 Clostridium botulinum celA gene Chlamydia trachomatis 23S rRNA operons, 8158 B. lautus, 3522 genetic map, 2742 Clostridium cellulolyticum C. thermocellum physical map, 2742 endoglucanase A expression in T. thermophilus, 6424 spc ribosomal protein gene cluster, 1205 catalytic domain, 4677 Cell density sensing 6-thioguanine effect, 2865 Clostridium cellulovorans A-signalling, 7360 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii endoglucanases-xylanases M. xanthus, 7360 amylose-defective mutants, 3612 hyperexpression in E. coli, 1403 Cell division chlB mutant Clostridium difficile E. coli, 8152 E. coli, 7934 toxin C-terminal repeats, 6707 rate maintenance, 8152 nitrate reductase activation, 7934 Clostridium sticklandii Cell division initiation Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene glycine reductase selenoprotein A gene, E. coli, 6314 Tn2424, 2891 7080 FtsA/FtsZ ratio, 6314 (R)-3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol formation Clostridium thermoaceticum Cell surface Corynebacterium sp. strain N-1074, 7613 acetyl-coenzyme A synthesis P. putida enzymes, 7613 in vivo rates, 4667 monoclonal antibodies, 2978 Chlorobium tepidum Clostridium thermocellum T. curvata, 7048 malate dehydrogenase, 1307 celA gene Cell surface carbohydrates Chlorobium vibrioforme expression in T. thermophilus, 6424 Bradyrhizobium sp. strain 32H1 malate dehydrogenase, 1307 Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum continuous culture, 7838 Chloroflexus aurantiacus cyclomaltodextrinase gene, 5400 Cell surface modification bacteriochlorophyll regulation, 5021 surface layer glycoprotein calcium ion, 5780 Chondroitin sulfate utilization pathway novel linkage unit, 2236 S. aurantiaca, 5780 genes Clp proteins Cell-cell recognition B. thetaiotaomicron, 342 minireview, 1081 biomimics, 1055 Chorismate lyase coaA gene fungi, 1055 E. coli, 5309 E. coli, 6411 Cellobiose chemotaxis Chromosomal insertion sites allelic with rts, 1705 C. gelida, 7996 minireview, 7495 physical map location, 1705 Cellulase, germination specific Chromosomal origin Coat morphogenesis D. discoideum, 7834 S. coelicolor, 3220 B. subtilis, 575, 586 Cellulomonas gelida Chromosomal structure spoIVA gene, 575, 586 cellobiose chemotaxis, 7996 H. salinarium, 7207 cob genes Cephalosporium acremonium Chromosome CobII and CoblIl regions, 24 deacetylcephalosporin C acetyltrans- Y pestis, 2078 S. typhimurium, 24 ferase gene cefG, 3056 Chromosome map cob/pdu CH3-S-CoM reductase S. coelicolor, 5496 S. typhimurium, 2253, 2267 kinetic studies, 1007 Chromosome mapping system Cobalamin synthesis M. thermoautotrophicum, 1007 R. meliloti, 324 S. typhimurium, 2138 Chaperonins Chromosome partitioning Cobaltochelatase endosymbiont, 1869 E. coli P. denitnificans, 7445 expression in E. coli groE mutants, 1869 minireview, 7883 cobL product "Chelatobacter" strain ATCC 29600 E. coli dam mutants, 2388 P. denitrificans, 1050 nitrilotriacetate monooxygenase, 1179 Chromosome replication Cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide reductase Chemolithoautotrophic dinitrogen assimila- E. coli, 398 P. denitrificans, 7452 tion Fis protein, 398 Cocaine esterase S. thermoautotrophicus, 6840 S. lividans, 2688 P. maltophila, 2087 Chemostats Chromosome segregation mutant Cold shock gene cspB protozoa E. coli, 4513 B. subtilis, 6326 physiology, 2929 Chromosome transfer Cold shock response Chemotaxis R. sphaeroides, 1135 DNA gyrase, 5798 C. gelida chuR gene E. coli, 5798 cellobiose, 7996 B. thetaiotaomicron, 7185 Colicin El P. aeruginosa Citrate transport, Na+ dependent anaerobic control, 5101 phosphate, 5149 K pneumoniae, 4893 Colicin immunity proteins CheY Citrobacterfreundii E. coli, 6432 E. coli, 6247 ViaB, 5910 Collagenase signaling surface, 6247 Clavibacterxyli subsp. cynodontis P. gingivalis, 3889 Chi activation, recBCD dependent transformation comlOlA mutation E. coli, 1172 IncP plasmids, 4500 Clostridium acetobutylicum DNA processing, 3392 inhibition, 1172 H. influenzae, 3392 Chitin adc region synthesis mRNA analysis, 426 comCax gene A. nidulans, 384 solventogenesis, 426 T4, 6539 Chitinase D gene antisense RNA Conjugal elements B. circulans, 408 differential expression, 7642 transfer Chitinase genes glutamine synthetase regulation, 7642 Bacteroides spp., oral black pig- R. oligosporus, 7398 butanol dehydrogenase isozyme genes, mented, 4853 Chitinases 7149 Conjugation multiplicity, 3450 dnaK locus, 3290 B. bacteriovorus, 6011 R. oligosporus, 7398 groESL operon, 3282 Conjugative chromosomal elements S. olivaceoviridis, 3450 lipid composition Bacteroides spp., 166 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xviii

Conjugative transfer CYS3 gene Denitrifying bacterium IncP plasmids, 2493 S. cerevisiae, 3339 anaerobic anthranilate metabolism, 3621 strand transfer termination, 6659 cysQ gene anaerobic phenol metabolism, 3629 Conjugative transposition E. coli, 415 Denitrifying Pseudomonas strain minireview, 6005 Cysteine proteinase inhibitor anaerobic toluene oxidation, 4860 Tn916, 4036 C. albicans, 4807 3-Deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid transfer- Copper nitrite reductase mutants Cytochromes ase gene Pseudomonas sp. strain G-179, 6653 c550 E. coli, 7750 Coronatine synthesis genes T. versutus, 3707 rfaQ gene, 7750 P. syringae pv. glycinea, 1837 Methanosarcina sp. strain Gol, 3921 Desulfovibrio vulgaris Corynebacterium diphtheriae P-450 dcrA gene, 1726 dtxR alleles, 1268 enzymes, 725 Desulfurolobus ambivalens tox repressor, 1268 S. erythraea, 725 sulfur oxygenase/reductase gene, 5854 Corynebacterium glutamicum S. erythraea P-450 Diauxic growth aminoethylcysteine degradation, 2968 enzymes, 725 A. tumefaciens, 2215 B. subtilis sacB gene, 5462 S. putrefaciens, 3429 2,7-Dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin degradation C-S lyase, 2968 T. versutus c550, 3707 P. chrysosporium, 2131 glycolytic enzyme genes, 6076 Cytoduction 1,2-Dichloroethane dechlorination staphylococcal nuclease secretion, 1854 U. maydis corrinoids, 4427 threonine dehydratase, 8065 a locus, 7831 F430, 4427 Corynebacterium sp. strain N-1074 Cytoplasmic a-amylase M. baikeri, 4427 (R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol formation E. coli, 6644 M. thermoautotrophicum, 4435 enzymes, 7613 CytR repressor methyl-coenzyme M reductase, 4435 Coxiella bumetti E. coli, 2881 Dictyostelium discoideum repetitive element, 5540 functional domains, 2881 germination-specific cellulase, 7834 Cr(VI) reductase, NAD(P)H dependent czc system Differential scanning colorimetry P. ambigua, 5340 A. eutrophus, 8102 heat killing of spores, 4463 Cross regulation 7,8-Dihydro-6-hydroxymethylpterin-pyro- two-component regulatory systems dacB gene phosphokinase gene folK minireview, 2053 B. subtilis, 1717 E. coli, 5971 Crystal protein genes Dam methyltransferase Dihydropteroate synthase gene B. thuringiensis subsp. thompsoni, 549 E. coli, 1682 N. meningitidis, 6386 C-S lyase quantitation, 1682 transformational exchanges, 6386 aminoethylcysteine degradation, 2968 dam mutants Dihydropteroate synthase gene folP C. glutamicum, 2968 chromosome partitioning, 2388 E. coli, 5961 C-shaped cells E. coli, 2388 3,4-Dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate E. coli, 5362 dapE synthase gene ftsA mutation, 5362 E. coli, 5258, 5265 E. coli, 4050 cspA gene msgB, 5258 din gene regulation E. coli, 3867 Daunorubicin overproduction E. coli, 3377 promoter region, 3867 S. 144 LexA repressor, 3377 cspB gene peucetius, B. subtilis, 6326 dcp gene din genes CUP regulation E. coli P. aeruginosa, 1862 Mucor spp., 362 physical map location, 1698 dinG operator Cyclic AMP receptor protein S. typhimurium, 1626 E. coli, 5110 E. coli, 8030 dcrA gene interaction with LexA repressor, 5110 ligand contacts, 8030 D. vulgaris, 1726 Dinitrogenase reductase Cyclic ,B-1,2-glucan synthetase DctD A. variabilis, 6179 A. tumefaciens, 7941 R. leguminosarum, 1428 in vitro activation, 6179 mechanism, 7941 dCTP deaminase gene dcd dinR expression Cyclic 13-1,2-glucans E. coli, 5647 B. subtilis, 3171 R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii, 6336 Deacetylcephalosporin C acetyltransferase Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase gene dcp synthesis, 6336 gene cefG S. typhimurium, 1626 Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase mutations C. acremonium, 3056 Diphtheria toxin B. stearothermophilus, 7478 Deazaflavins nuclease activity localization, 2032 Cycloheximide sensitivity biosynthetic precursors, 4042 Directed mutation yeast L41 ribosomal protein, 254 M. thermoautotrophicum, 4042 C. boidinii, 5988 Cyclomaltodextrinase gene dedB/usg gene minireview, 1711 C. thermohydrosulfuricum, 5400 E. coli Dissimilatory iron reduction cyd operon physical map location, 5755 S. putrefaciens, 1891 E. coli, 6554 DegU-phosphate Division inhibition heat shock regulation, 6554 B. subtilis, 7954 E. coli, 35, 63 cydC gene stabilization by DegR, 7954 MinC, 35, 63 E. coli DEH mobile genetic element MinD, 63 physical map location, 3824 dehalogenase genes, 1932, 1941 divIVB region cydD gene P. putida, 1932, 1941 B. subtilis, 6717, 6729 E. coli Dehalogenase genes DNA binding physical map location, 3824 DEH mobile genetic element, 1932, 1941 E. coli, 4907 cyn operon P. putida, 1932, 1941 OmpR mutations, 4907 E. coli, 3645 Deinococcus radiodurans small acid-soluble spore proteins regulation, 3645 alkylamines, 7168 UV photoproducts, 2874 xix SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

DNA damage repair dnaK genes Endosymbiont E. coli, 7711 B. ovis, 8036 chaperonins endonuclease IV, mutant, 7711 E. coli, 3715 expression in E. coli groE mutants, DNA damage-inducible promoters sequence analysis, 3715 1869 E. coli, 3377 dnaK locus structure, 1869 DNA gyrase B. subtilis, 3300 Energy transduction cold shock response, 5798 C. acetobutylicum, 3290 M. voltae, 5575 E. coli, 5798 DnaK overproduction EngB and EngD DNA gyrase locus gyrB-gyrA E. coli, 7436 C. cellulovorans S. aureus, 1596 dnaN overexpression hyperexpression in E. coli, 1403 DNA methylation E. coli, 2517 Enolase Campylobacter spp., 8156 UV mutagenesis, 2517 C. albicans, 6789 DNA methyltransferases Doublet translocation Enolase gene eno N. gonorrhoeae, 5654 mutant tRNAG'Y, 4179 Z. mobilis, 6548 DNA polymerase I Doxorubicin-daunorubicin resistance Enoyl coenzyme A reductase, novel differential action, 7262 S. peucetius, 1641 S. collinus, 3850 E. coli, 6311, 7262 draG gene Enteric bacteria inducible stable DNA replication, 6311 A. brasilense, 3364 acetohydroxy acid synthases S. pneumoniae, 2014 draT gene subcloned subunits, 5560 DNA polymerase I mutant A. brasilense, 3364 glnA expression DnaE protein, 4166 dtxR alleles nitrogen regulator I, 179 E. coli, 4166 C. diphtheriae, 1268 porins DNA polymerase III DUR80 mutations structural relatedness, 1965 e subunit mutants, 6965 S. cerevisiae, 2548 Enterobacter aerogenes S. typhimurium, 6965 phosphonate degradative pathways, 2501 DNA polymerase III holoenzyme Enterococcus faecalis 8 subunit gene, 7013 Early gene regulation hyperhemolysis E. coli, 7013 P1, 6138 pADl insertions, 1801 DNA polymerases Early spo genes pAD1 Bacillus spp., 4350 B. subtilis, 2771 conjugative transfer, 3152 Thermus spp., 4350 transcriptional regulation, 2771 hyperhemolysis, 1801 DNA processing eco gene insertions, 1801 H. influenzae E. coli TnS381, 7308 comlOlA mutation, 3392 physical map location, 1704 traA gene, 1821 DNA replication EcoRI restriction map Enterococcus faecalis subsp. zymogenes B. subtilis, 477 M. pneumoniae, 7289 hemolysin/bacteriocin phenotype, 8172 putative protein repressor, 477 Ectoine Enterococcus faecalis, vancomycin resis- DNA replication, inducible stable E. coli osmoprotection, 5027 tant DNA polymerase I, 6311 edd-eda operon cytoplasmic peptidoglycan precursor, E. coli, 6311 E. coli, 4638 5982 DNA replication initiation efg gene Enterococcus faecium E. coli E. coli glycopeptide resistance genes mbf (lrp) mutant, 3078 physical map location, 5765 regulation, 2582 DNA topoisomerase I mutant Elastase production Enterococcus hirae H+-ATPase genes, 6117 E. coli, 4175 P. aeruginosa, 4140 muramidase-2, 3236 DNA unwinding Electrogenic Na+/H+ antiport muramidase-2 gene, 1619 E. coli, 5424 alkaliphilic Bacillus sp., 5936 Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli recBC, 5424 Electron transport, hydrogen oxidizing virulence-associated plasmid gene regu- DnaB mutant protein P. brockii, 137 lation, 7606 ATP hydrolysis, 7689 Electroporation Entner-Doudoroff pathway E. coli, 7689 H. ducreyi E. coli, 4638 DNA-binding proteins isogenic mutants, 5442 edd-eda operon, 4638 new class, 2312 Electrotransformation envCD genes DNA-dependent RNA polymerase T. ferroacidans, 6617 E. coli S. aurantiaca, 2733 Endoglucanase A physical map locations, 3828 dnaE mutation C. cellulolyticum, 4677 Environmental signals E. coli, 1974 catalytic domain, 4677 virulence determinants mutDS suppressor, 1974 Endoglucanase transport minireview, 1 DnaE protein mature sequences, 1314 EnvZ-OmpR signaling pathway DNA polymerase I mutant, 4166 P. solanacearum, 1314 E. coli, 1522 E. coli, 4166 Endoglucanases-xylanases Enzyme IIGI1 dnaE(Ts) C. cellulovorans E. coli, 2843 E. coli, 4850 hyperexpression in E. coli, 1403 uncoupled mutants, 2843 interallelic EpiD flavoprotein complementation, 4850 Endonuclease IV, mutant epidermin biosynthesis, 5354 DnaJ DNA damage repair, 7711 Epidermin biosynthesis E. coli, 5597, 6256 E. coli, 7711 EpiD flavoprotein, 5354 mini-F plasmid replication, 5597 Endopeptidase, proline specific Epsilon levels DnaJ overproduction Xanthomonas sp., 2454 E. coli, 7509 E. coli, 7436 Endoribonucleases, broad specificity heat shock proteins, 7509 DnaK E. coli, 56 ermD gene E. coli, 6256 mRNA degradation, 56 regulation, 5860 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xx

Erwinia amylovora Lrp, 108 dinG operator E. herbicola antibiotic, 2785 cad operon interaction with LexA repressor, 5110 hrp genes external pH, 530 division inhibition regulation, 1875 regulation, 2670 MinC, 35, 63 Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora sequencer, 2659 MinD, 63 aerobactin production, 2993 transcriptional regulation, 530 DNA binding pectin lyase induction, 5471 capsule expression, group I OmpR mutations, 4907 Erwinia chrysanthemi rcsA gene, 8 DNA damage repair arb genes LD-carboxypeptidase, 441 endonuclease IV, mutant, 7711 E. coli bgl operon, 765 cell division DNA damage-inducible promoters, 3377 sequences, 765 nutritional downshift, 8152 DNA gyrase iron transport rate maintenance, 8152 cold shock response, 5798 catechol mediated, 4783 cell division initiation DNA polymerase I out genes, 7385 FtsA/FtsZ ratio, 6314 differential action, 7262 pectate lyases, 2039 CheY inducible stable DNA replication, 6311 pectinase gene transcription, 7807 signaling surface, 6247 DNA polymerase I mutant protease B Chi activation, recBCD dependent DnaE protein, 4166 secretion of E. coli proteins, 4920 inhibition, 1172 DNA polymerase III holoenzyme Envinia herbicola chlB mutant 8 subunit gene, 7013 antibiotic production nitrate reductase activation, 7934 DNA replication, inducible stable biological control of E. amylovora, chorismate lyase, 5309 DNA polymerase I, 6311 2785 chromosome partitioning DNA replication initiation pyrroloquinoline quinone synthase gene, dam mutants, 2388 mbf (lrp) mutant, 3078 5814 minireview, 7883 DNA topoisomerase I mutant, 4175 Escherichia coli chromosome replication DNA unwinding 76.5-minute cluster Fis protein, 398 recBC, 5424 map, 7880 chromosome segregation mutant, 4513 DnaB mutant protein aceK mutations, 1414 coaA gene, 6411 ATP hydrolysis, 7689 N-acetylornithinase, 2323 allelic with rts, 1705 dnaE mutation acyl coenzyme A synthetase gene fadD physical map location, 1705 mutDS suppressor, 1974 physical map location, 7875 cold shock response dnaE(Ts) mutations ahpC gene DNA gyrase, 5798 interallelic complementation, 4850 physical map location, 3826 colicin immunity proteins, 6432 DnaE protein ahpF gene conditional growth, 7059 DNA polymerase I mutant, 4166 physical map location, 3826 C-shaped cells DnaJ, 6256 aidB gene ftsA mutation, 5362 mini-F plasmid replication, 5597 anaerobic induction, 2043 cspA gene DnaJ overproduction, 7436 alkaline pH promoter region, 3867 DnaK, 6256 nha mutant, 7743 cyclic AMP receptor protein dnaK genes D-amino acids ligand contacts, 8030 sequence analysis, 3715 peptidoglycan, 5549 cyd operon DnaK overproduction, 7436 aminodeoxychorismate lyase, 5317 heat shock regulation, 6554 dnaN overexpression aminoglycoside sensitivity, 4331 cydC gene UV mutagenesis, 2517 a-amylase, cytoplasmic, 6644 physical map location, 3824 eco gene anaerobic fumarate transport, 5533 cydD gene physical map location, 1704 araFGH promoter, 6862 physical map location, 3824 ectoine araJ-tsx region cyn operon osmoprotection, 5027 map alignment, 1709 regulation, 3645 edd-eda operon, 4638 Arc regulatory components cysQ gene, 415 efg gene phosphorylation, 5617 cytoplasmic a-amylase, 6644 physical map location, 5765 purification, 5617 CytR repressor endonuclease IV, mutant ArcB functional domains, 2881 DNA damage repair, 7711 signal transduction, 3972 Dam methyltransferase endoribonucleases, broad specificity argE product, 2323 quantitation, 1682 mRNA degradation, 56 argFGH operon dam mutants enteroinvasive physical map location, 3836 chromosome partitioning, 2388 virulence-associated plasmid gene reg- argU dapE, 5258, 5265 ulation, 7606 expression, 1956 dcp gene Entner-Doudoroff pathway aroK gene, 525 physical map location, 1698 edd-eda operon, 4638 aroL promoter dCTP deaminase gene dcd, 5647 envCD genes Trp-Tyr repressor synergism, 331 dedBlusg physical map locations, 3828 ATP hydrolysis physical map location, 5755 EnvZ-OmpR signaling pathway, 1522 DnaB mutant protein, 7689 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid trans- enzyme II"Gc atp mutants ferase gene uncoupled mutants, 2843 carbon metabolism, 7635 rfaQ gene, 7750 epsilon levels energy metabolism, 7635 7,8-dihydro-6-hydroxymethylpterin-pyro- heat shock proteins, 7509 attP22 site phosphokinase gene folK, 5971 ExbD physical map location, 3834 dihydropteroate synthase gene folP, membrane topology, 5485 B. subtilis protein effect, 2943 5961 exoribonucleases baby machine, improved, 3445 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate growth, 6682 betaine synthase gene, 4050 FIFO ATP synthase osmoregulation, 1586 din gene regulation mutations, 633 branched-chain amino acid transport LexA repressor, 3377 FIFO ATPase xxi SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

c subunit glycine-rich region, 4496 suppression of ssb-113, 3204 low-temperature-inducible promoter, Fo proton channel genes, 3370 GrpE, 6256 7902 fabD gene, 2851 gyrB Lrp fadD gene aminotriazole resistance, 5479 branched-chain amino acid transport, physical map location, 7875 temperature sensitivity, 5479 108 fatty acid biosynthesis heat shock genes, novel, 6938 lysU expression, 2779 htrB gene, 7407 heat shock proteins Irp mutant fdn operon epsilon levels, 7509 DNA replication initiation, 3078 control region, 4935 heat shock response Lrp regulon, 1109 fdx gene mRNA stability, 743 lysine-specific permease, 3242 physical map location, 5760 heat shock response, defective lysP gene, 3242 fec region suppression, 7128 lysU expression physical map location, 3838 hemolysin transport, 6771 lrp, 2779 ferrioxamine uptake hisGDCBHAFI operon malonyl coenzyme A-acyl carrier protein Y enterocolitica lipoprotein, 1029 physical map location, 3830 transacylase genefabD, 2851 FhuA receptor, 3479 htrB gene maltose-binding protein FhuB-FhuC interaction, 2305 fatty acid biosynthesis, 7407 export, 92, 6488 fim genes htrD gene, 1240 translation, 6488 differential transcription, 2367 physical map location, 3824 prl suppressor mutants, 92 fimbriae ilvGMEDA genes mbf mutant glycerol-induced unwinding, 5145 multiple transcripts, 4871 DNA replication initiation, 3078 thin aggregative, 4490 ilvIH transcription, 7648 melibiose carrier Fis protein inaA gene Asp residues, 3083 chromosome replication, 398 pH regulation, 1537 membrane lipoproteins nutrient upshift, 8043 insertional inactivation murein sacculus, 7982 RNA operon activation, 921 urease gene, 883 membrane-derived oligosaccharides flagellum synthesis integration host factor mutants, 4856 DnaJ, 6256 tdc operon regulation, 233 menaquinone biosynthesis, 5057, 8111 DnaK, 6256 iron(III) hydroxamate transport menB gene, 5057 GrpE, 6256 FhuB-FhuC interaction, 2305 metA gene fliE gene, 2298 isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phos- physical map location, 5753 folC gene phatase Met-tRNAfmet formyltransferase gene replacement with in vitro-mutagenized mutations, 1414 disruption, 4294 genes, 1750 katF and katE microcin 25, 7428 folK gene, 5971 regulation by weak acids, 4769 MinC, 63 folP gene, 5961 Kdp expression, 2145 minC mutations, 35 F-plasmid replication kdpABC expression, 2152 MinD, 63 nonrandom, 2121 kdpDE operon, 2145 mini-F plasmid replication ftsA mutation 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase gene DnaJ, 5597 C-shaped cells, 5362 cloning, 102 molybdoenzyme biosynthesis, 7934 FtsA/FtsZ ratio inactivation, 102 mraR gene, 7841 cell division initiation, 6314 overexpression, 102 mRNA degradation ftsHftsI mutant Y16, 2416 sequence, 102 broad-specificity endoribonucleases, FtsL protein, 7717 ,-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase 56 ftsZ alleles, novel I mRNA stability septal morphology, 5414 thiolactomycin resistance, 508 heat shock response, 743 ftsZ gene Kiebsiella K2 capsule synthesis msbB gene, 702 activation by rcsB, 3964 rcsB, 1063 msgB FtsZ/FtsA ratio, 6145 ,-lactamase dapE, 5258 fumarate transport, anaerobic, 5533 abnormal fractionation, 3407 MucA cleavage, 6844 glgC mutant gene, 4509 A N protein mukB null mutant suppressor, 7517 glnD gene nusG function, 1339 multicopy suppression physical map, 1702 leucine regulon sec mutation, 1454 glnE gene insertion mutations, 1948 murB gene, 1690 map location, 7876 LexA repressor murein-metabolizing enzymes, 6394 glnL mutations, 4538 interaction with dinG operator, 5110 murI gene, 5772 glpFKX region, 6981 light-sensitive mutant murZ gene, 5748 gltP gene ubiquinone biosynthesis mutation, mutD5 mutator revised sequence, 2391 7352 dnaE suppressor, 1974 glucose catabolism lipopolysaccharide mutR stimulation by potential futile cycle, specific phages, 3250 identity to topB, 5168 7527 lipopolysaccharide antigens, 7963 Na+/H+ antiporter glutamate decarboxylase genes, 5820 lipopolysaccharide core completion, stimulation by B. firmus CadC, 4878 D-glutamic acid synthesis, 5772 7297 nar operon glutamine synthetase synthesis lipopolysaccharide core genes, 4736, transcription, 1119 phosphorylated intermediates, 6061 4746 NarJ sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase lipoproteins nitrate reductase, 867 tubule structure, 6608 membrane localization, 2095 narK regulation, 7104 glycogen synthase murein sacculus, 7982 narQ gene oriC complex fraction, 5454 livJ expression physical map location, 7882 groE mutants antitermination control, 1777 narX UmuD'-UmuC coexpression, 3133 Lon activity methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, groEL46 priF mutations, 5661 3667 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxii

recessive alleles, 3667 penicillin-binding proteins phage depolymerase, 7757 neuC product, 315 localization with mercury-penicillin V, polysialic acid synthesis, 1099 nha mutant 4689 manipulation, 6191 alkaline pH, 7743 peptidoglycan polysialyltransferases, 5127 NhaB Na'/H+ antiporter D-amino acids, 5549 porphyrin secretion, thiol stimulated serine, 7482 cross-linkage, 2028 enzymatic basis, 1072 nine-minute region cross-linking, 2028 prc inactivation map alignment, 1709 peptidoglycan metabolism multiple antibiotic susceptibility, 7844 nitrate reductase membrane intermediates, 3549 prl suppressor mutants NarJ, 867 peptidoglycan sacculus maltose-binding protein export, 92 nipA gene elasticity, 4811 prlC gene physical map location, 3822 pfl gene S. typhimurium opdA gene, 5881 NotI map, 558 anaerobic induction, 3474 prlF mutations nupC gene pgpA and pgpB genes, 205 Lon activity, 5661 physical map location, 5758 pH regulation proline nusG function inaA structure, 1537 osmoregulation, 1586 A N, 1339 phage depolymerase, 7757 protease II gene ptrB O lipopolysaccharide antigens, 7963 pheS5 mutation physical map location, 7881 ompA mRNA thermosensitivity, 1686 protein synthesis initiation decay, 5382 phoP locus, 486 tRNA mutants, 7819 ompB transcription phoP-phoQ operon, 492 Pta-AckA pathway cyclic AMP, 664 phosphate regulon phosphate regulon, 2124 cyclic AMP receptor protein, 664 Pta-AckA pathway, 2124 purB gene OmpR mutants, 6685 phospholipid phosphatases, 205 cloning, 130 OmpR mutations PhoU nucleotide sequence, 130 DNA binding, 4907 alkaline phosphatase regulation, 8057 regulation by purR, 130 OmpR-EnvZ signaling pathway, 1522 phosphate transport, 8057 repression, 7121 OmpT protease pbysical map purine repressor iX174 prohead accessory protein 76.5-minute cluster, 7880 corepressor binding, 6207 gpB, 2404 acyl coenzyme A synthetase gene structure, 6207 oriC binding fadD, 7875 pyrC expression membrane localization, 7202 ahpC, 3826 translational control, 514 oniC complex fraction ahpF, 3826 pyridoxin 5'-phosphate oxidase, 6033 glycogen synthase, 5454 araJ-tsx region, 1709 pyruvate formate-lyase genepfl osmoprotection argFGH, 3836 anaerobic induction, 3474 ectoine, 5027 attP22, 3834 R6K replication, 1060 osmoregulation coaA, 1705 rcsA gene betaine, 1586 cydC, 3824 group I capsule expression, 8 proline, 1586 cydD, 3824 rcsB gene osmotic adaptation, 2922 dcp, 1698 ftsZ activation, 3964 osmY gene, 3637 dedB/usg, 5755 Kebsiella K2 capsule synthesis, 1063 osmZ locus eco, 1704 rcsF gene, 8016 genetically active regions, 998 efg, 5765 recA mutations otsBA genes envCD, 3828 recombination, 6264 trehalose synthesis, 889 fadD, 7875 SOS response, 6264 outer membrane lipoprotein fdx, 5760 recBC export, 2511 fec region, 3838 DNA unwinding, 5424 sec mutants, 2511 ginD, 1702 recBCD-dependent Chi activation oxidative envelope damage ginE, 7876 inhibition, 1172 suppression, 953 hisGDCBHAFI, 3830 RecF protein oxidative stress htrD, 3824 ATP binding, 7705 rpoH deletion, 630 metA, 5753 double-stranded DNA binding, 7705 oxygen sensitivity, 2072 narQ, 7882 relaxed-like state oxyR-tnnA region nine-minute region, 1709 temperature downshifts, 3903 physical map, 7878 nipA, 3822 repetitive extragenic palindromic se- P1 replication nupC, 5758 quences cell cycle specific, 4457 oxyR-trmA region, 7878 phylogenetic distribution, 4583 P2 protease II geneptrB, 7881 physical mapping, 4583 attachment sites, 4086 me (ams)-rpmF-plsX-fab region, 7873 replication arrest site, 7854 ogr genes, 4094 rts, 1705 replication terminus region genes, 2102 pabC, 5317 sbm, 5763 respiratory pathway genes pantothenate kinase gene coaA, 6411 sor genes, 7784 transcription, 7069 pap operon tkt, 1707 rfa genes, 4736, 4746 thermoregulation, 7003 tolC-htrP region, 1700 cell surface properties, 2525 pCU1 replication origins, 8139 t,xB, 3824 lipopolysaccharide core, 2525, 3250 pdxH-tyrS operon, 6033 tyrR, 3832 lipopolysaccharide core completion, pdxJ operon, 1544, 1554 ubiA, 5762 7297 penicillin G acylase pili, type 1 sequences, 930 mutational analysis, 6270 length, 5923 rfaQ gene penicillin-binding protein 4 number, 5923 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid trans- domain organization, 3261 plasmid partition ferase gene, 7750 penicillin-binding protein 6 topA, 5190 riboflavin biosynthesis, 4050 peptidoglycan stabilization, 7572 polysaccharide ribose-binding protein export xxiii SUBJECT INDEX J. BAcrERIOL.

SecB, 5219 relaxed-like state, 3903 Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 ribosomal protein operon spc, 1213 TerF, 7854 baiB gene, 2065 RNA, 9S terminus region genes, 2102 bile acid-coenzyme A ligase, 2065 processing, 5382 thermosensitivity Eukaryotic-like protein kinase family RNA operon activation pheS5 mutation, 1686 M. xanthus, 5450 FIS dependent, trans, 921 thiolactomycin resistance eut operon RNA polymerase P-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein syn- autogenous regulation, 6634 Cr&2 mutant, 5005 thase I, 508 S. typhimurium, 6634 me (ams)-rpmF-plsX-fab region thiol-stimulated porphyrin secretion Evolutionary genetics physical map location, 7873 enzymatic basis, 1072 putP, 6886 rol gene, 5228 thymineless DNA, 4450 S. dublin, 3587 rpoA mutations, 5156 tkt gene ExbD rpoB physical map location, 1707 E. coli, 5485 translational regulatory region, 7174 TnS transposition membrane topology, 5485 rpoH deletion constitutively activated RecA pro- Exclusion limit oxidative stress, 630 teins, 6872 P. aeruginosa, 5196 rts gene tolC-htrP region exo mutants allelic with coaA, 1705 physical map location, 1700 exogenous suppression of symbiotic de- physical map location, 1705 TonB box pentapeptide, 320 ficiencies, 3403 S. flexneri lipopolysaccharide acetyla- topA R. meliloti, 3403 tion, 7500 plasmid partition, 5190 Exoribonucleases S. marcescens metalloprotease topB E. coli growth, 6682 HlyB and HlyD, 2361 identity to mutR, 5168 Extracellular sacculus transformylase gene disruption, 4294 lipase elasticity, 4811 transglycosylase, second lytic, 6394 chromosomal mutation, 4000 sbcD locus, 1222 translational proofreading S. aureus, 4000 sbm gene 23S rRNA mutations, 7896 Extracellular polysaccharide physical map location, 5763 trehalose synthesis genes otsBA, 889 P. solanacearum sec mutants tRNA mutants virulence, 1068 outer membrane lipoprotein export, protein synthesis initiation, 7819 Extracellular polysaccharide structure 2511 tRNA species Aspergillus spp., 6096 sec mutation B strain, 7827 Penicillium spp., 6096 multicopy suppression, 1454 Trp-Tyr repressor synergism Extracellular protein secretion determi- SecB aroL promoter, 331 nants ribose-binding protein export, 5219 trxB gene gram-negative bacteria secretion physical map location, 3824 minireview, 3423 E. chrysanthemi protease B, 4920 tyrR gene septal morphology physical map location, 3832 F1Fo ATP synthase novelftsZ alleles, 5414 ubiA gene E. coli, 633 shikimic acid kinase I gene aroK, 525 physical map location, 5762 mutations, 633 sialyltransferase complex, 1099 ubiC, 5309 ATPase Cr32 mutant UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine F1Fo core RNA polymerase affinity, 5005 reductase gene murB, 1690 c subunit glycine-rich region, 4496 single-stranded DNA uhp genes, 2754 E. coli, 3370, 4496 SOS induction, 1612 uhpT promoter, 2763 Fo proton channel genes, 3370 smbA gene UmuD'-UmuC coexpression fabD gene mukB null mutant suppressor, 7517 groE mutants, 3133 E. coli, 2851 sor genes unc mRNA fadD gene characterization, 7784 processing, 3541 E. coli physical map location, 7784 urease gene physical map location, 7875 SOS induction IS3411, 883 Fatty acid biosynthesis single-stranded DNA, 1612 UV mutagenesis E. coli, 7407 SOS response dnaN overexpression, 2517 htrB gene, 7407 recA mutations, 6264 vaccinia virus DNA topoisomerase I, fdn operon soxRS regulon, 3915 7059 control region, 4935 soxS gene Vi antigen expression, 5910 E. coli, 4935 control by soxR, 6054 vitamin K2 biosynthesis, 5057 fdx gene spc operon, 1213 Y16 mutant E. coli speB regulation agmatine, 758 ftsHftsI, 2416 physical map location, 5760 cyclic AMP, 758 zwf gene fec region flanking gene protein, 758 regulation, 623 E. coli ssb-113 Esterase physical map location, 3838 suppression by groEL46, 3204 expression, 4287 Fe(III)-pyochelin receptor superoxide response regulon, 3915 heterologous expression, 2431 cloning, 4401 Tar protein S. scabies, 2431, 4287 P. aeruginosa, 4401 ligand interaction sites, 1528 Eubacteria Fermentative enzymes tdc operon iron oxidizing immunocytochemical localization, 4504 integration host factor, 233 phylogeny, 269 Z. mobilis, 4504 tdc operon expression isoaspartyl protein methyltransferase, Ferredoxin gene catabolite gene activator protein, 6918 355 M. thermophila, 5244 integration host factor, 6918 sulfur oxidizing Ferric vibriobactin receptor gene viuA temperature downshifts phylogeny, 269 V. cholerae, 3729 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX XXiv

Ferrichrome Flagellin antigenicity ftsHftsI mutant Y16 P. putida C. coli, 4230 E. coli, 2416 receptor mapping, 78 Flagellum biosynthesis FtsL protein Ferrioxamine uptake C. crescentus, 4101 E. coli, 7717 E. coli DnaJ, 6256 ftsZ alleles, novel Y enterocolitica lipoprotein, 1029 DnaK, 6256 E. coli, 5414 Ferripyoverdin uptake E. coli, 6256 septal morphology, 5414 P. aeruginosa, 4847 GrpE, 6256 ftsZ gene pyocin Sa receptor, 4847 Flagellum gene activation by rcsB, 3964 Ferrochelatase mutant T. phagedensis, 6404 E. coli, 3964 B. japonicum, 4223 Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723 FtsZ/FtsZ ratio Fertility function pentachlorophenol hydroxylase, 2898, E. coli, 6145 L. lactis subsp. lactis, 5840 5745 Fumarate FhuA receptor tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone reductive flagellar rotation E. coli, 3479 dehalogenase, 8003 switching, 643 FhuB-FhuC interaction Flavobacterium sp. strain K1725 Fumarate transport, anaerobic E. coli, 2305 nylon oligomer degradation gene, 7948 E. coli, 5533 Fibrobacter succinogenes flbF gene Fungi endonuclease, 5275 C. crescentus, 857 cell-cell recognition biomimics, 1055 restriction-modification system, 5275 flgI region Fur Filamentous phage C. crescentus, 4101 regulation of protein synthesis, 4317 replication, 595 fliE gene S. typhimurium, 4317 fim genes E. coli, 2298 fur gene differential transcription, 2367 S. typhimurium, 2298 V. cholerae, 1897 E. coli, 2367 fliL gene Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi fim genes, ancillary C. crescentus, 3327 pectate lyase gene pelA, 6343 S. typhimurium, 7697 fliM gene Fusobacterium mortiferum Fimbriae C. crescentus, 3327 sucrose fermentation, 3227 E. coli, 5145 FliM protein glycerol-induced unwinding, 5145 S. typhimurium, 793 GAL2-IMP1 allelism K88 foU gene S. cerevisiae, 3411 minor components, 6350 arylsulfatase synthesis negative regula- 1-Galactosidase genes Fimbriae, thin aggregative tor, 2344 L. lactis, 4475 E. coli, 4490 K aerogenes, 2344 P-Galactosidase, thermostable firA Folate, modified expression in S. cerevisiae, 873 omsA, 7090 5-(p-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy- S. solfataricus, 873 Fis protein pentane, 4576 GCR3 chromosome replication, 398 S. solfataricus, 4576 glycolytic gene expression, 5526 E. coli, 398, 921, 8043 folC gene S. cerevisiae, 5526 IS50 transposition, 4530 E. coli, 1750 Gene expression nutrient upshift, 8043 replacement with in vitro-mutagenized Z. mobilis, 7370 RNA operon activation, 921 genes, 1750 Gene replacement Tn5 transposition, 4530 folK gene E. coli folC, 1750 fixK-like gene E. coli, 5971 Gene transfer B. japonicum, 2111 folP gene magnetic bacteria, 2748 FK-506-binding proteins E. coli, 5961 Genetic mapping Streptomyces spp., 5888 Frameshifting C. trachomatis, 2742 flaFG region mutant tRNAG'Y, 4179 H. pylori, 6800 C. crescentus, 6046 Frankia strain BR L. lactis subsp. lactis, 6752 Flagella multicatalytic proteinase complexes, M. hominis, 2199 B. bronchiseptica 1495 P. aeruginosa, 327 bvgAS locus, 980 Freeze-substitution R. meliloti, 324 C. crescentus conventional embedding, 6508 Genome dissection early gene expression, 1760 mycobacteria, 6508 S. typhimurium, 3807 R. meliloti Fremyella diplosiphon Genome maps subunit associations, 3896 phycoerythrin-associated linker protein C. coli, 2332 rotation gene, 5995 C. jejuni, 2332 fumarate, 643 Fructokinase gene Genome size switching, 643 Z. mobilis, 3455 Rickettsia spp., 7455 Flagella, periplasmic FrzCD methylation Stigmatella spp., 6307 L. interrogans, 4761 cell behavior, 4246 Y pestis, 2078 Flagella, protruding periplasmic M. xanthus, 4246 Genome stability spirochetes, 832 ftsA deletion strain spp., 6307 Flagellar apparatus B. subtilis, 2398 Stigmatella W. succinogenes, 263 ftsA mutation Germination-specific cellulase Flagellar genes C-shaped cells, 5362 D. discoideum, 7834 B. subtilis, 4017 E. coli, 5362 glf-zwf-edd-glk operon Flagellar hook protein ftsA regulation Z. mobilis, 2816, 2824 Campylobacter spp., 3874 B. subtilis, 4647 glgC mutant gene Flagellar sheath sporulation, 4647 E. coli, 4509 C. crescentus, 6198 FtsA/FtsZ ratio Gliding motility Flagellar switch protein FliM cell division initiation, 6314 M. xanthus, 5406 S. typhimurium, 793 E. coli, 6314 pili, 5406 xxv SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

GLNI gene Glycine reductase selenoprotein A gene iron-repressed proteins, 2425 S. cerevisiae, 1828 C. sticklandii, 7080 lipooligosaccharide mutants, 6455 transcriptional regulation, 1828 Glycogen synthase lipopolysaccharide gene regulation, 7245 glnA expression oriC complex fraction, 5454 phage recombination enteric bacteria, 179 P-Glycohydrolase family rec-2, 4960 nitrogen regulator I, 179 eubacteria-archaebacteria-humans, 765 strAl gene, 5604 gInD gene Glycolytic enzyme genes Haemophilus influenzae type b E. coli C. glutamicum, 6076 porin antigenic sites, 4007 physical map location, 1702 Glycolytic enzymes Haemophilus somnus ginE gene immunocytochemical localization, 4504 S9-like antigen, 17 E. coli Z. mobilis, 4504 Haloalkaliphilic amylase map location, 7876 Glycolytic gene expression Natronococcus sp. strain Ah-36, 3439 glnL mutations GCR3, 5526 D-Haloalkanoate dehalogenase gene E. coli, 4538 S. cerevisiae, 5526 P. putida, 2612 gInRA repressor Glycolytic message stability Haloarcula spp. B. subtilis, 671 Z. mobilis, 6438 transformation, 1076 operator interactions, 671 Glycopeptide resistance genes Halobacterium marismortui promoter interactions, 671 E. faecium, 2582 HSP70 gene, 4594 glpFKX region GO system Halobacterium salinarium E. coli, 6981 minireview, 6321 chromosomal structure, 7207 S. flexneri, 6981 GPR protease 2-Halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase gltP gene Bacillus spp., 807 P. cepacia, 269 E. coli, 2391 small, acid-soluble spore protein degra- Haloferax volcanii revised sequence, 2391 dation, 807 transcriptional activity, 30 f-1,3-Glucanase Al Gram-positive bacteria tryptophan biosynthesis genes trpDFEG, four-domain structure, 186 recA genes, 2729 1694 Glucan-deficient mutants cloning method, 5171 Halophilic archaea A. nidulans, 377 thermosensitive plasmid, 5633 alkaline serine protease gene, 736 Glucose catabolism Green bacteria Hansenula polymorpha E. coli, 7527 malate dehydrogenase, 1307 peroxisomal alcohol oxidase crystals S. thermophila, 2449 groE mutants architecture, 5391 stimulation by potential futile cycle, E. coli, 3133 Heat killing 7527 UmuD'-UmuC coexpression, 3133 spores, 4463 Glucose dehydrogenase isozymes groEL46 Heat shock genes, novel B. megaterium, 5013 E. coli, 3204 E. coli, 6938 Glucose metabolism suppression of ssb-113, 3204 Heat shock proteins T. brucei, 1273 GroEL analog E. coli, 7509 Glucose operon H. pylori, 7470 epsilon levels, 7509 Z. mobilis, 2816, 2824 groESL Heat shock response Glucose starvation-inducible genes B. subtilis, 3981, 3993 A. tumefaciens B. subtilis, 4361, 4374 C. acetobutylicum, 3282 o32-like sigma factor, 991 Glucose uptake Group antigen structure E. coli, 743 T. brucei, 1273 S. adjacens, 349 mRNA stability, 743 Glucose-fructose oxidoreductase gene Group B streptococci Heat shock response, defective Z. mobilis, 1439 opacity variation, 3739 E. coli, 7128 P-Glucosidase GrpE suppression, 7128 B. polymyxa, 3087 E. coli, 6256 Heavy metal-responsive transcriptional P-Glucosidase gene gsiA gene regulator A. tumefaciens, 1478 B. subtilis, 4361, 4374 minireview, 3097 Glucosyltransferase expression gsiB gene Helicobacterpylori regulatory gene rgg, 3577 B. subtilis, 4361 adhesin, 2539 S. gordonii, 3577 GTP cyclohydrolase I genome map, 6800 Glucosyltransferases B. subtilis, 2059 GroEL analog, 7470 hybrid-enzyme analysis, 5639 guaA lipopolysaccharides, rough form, 1370 S. mutans, 5639 B. subtilis, 1883 urease, 7470 Glutamate decarboxylase genes gyrB mutations urease genes, 2466 E. coli, 5820 E. coli, 5479 urease-negative mutants, isogenic, 4212 Glutamate uptake gyrB-gyrA locus Heliobacterium gestii Z. mobilis, 7579 S. aureus, 1596 malate dehydrogenase, 1307 D-Glutamic acid synthesis Heme synthesis E. coli, 5772 H+-ATPase genes S. typhimurium, 3953 Glutamine synthetase Heme-Cu-containing oxidases Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 650 E. hirae, 6117 R. sphaeroides, 2338 Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 deriv- H+-translocating ATPase hemEHY genes ative, 650 catabolite repression, 6743 B. subtilis, 8081 Glutamine synthetase synthesis V. parahaemolyticus, 6743 hemH gene E. coli, 6061 Haemophilus ducreyi B. japonicum, 4223 phosphorylated intermediates, 6061 electroporation, 5442 Hemolysin activation sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase isogenic mutants, 5442 S. marcescens, 5086 E. coli, 6608 Haemophilus influenzae Hemolysin gene tubule structure, 6608 comlOlA mutation, 3392 L. monocytogenes Glycine betaine DNA processing, 3392 transcriptional activation in B. subtilis, Methanohalophilus strain Z7302, 7474 immunoglobulin G protease genes, 2913 1293 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxvi

Hemolysin transport Hydantoin racemase gene Integration host factor E. coli, 6771 Pseudomonas sp. strain NS671 plasmid, E. coli, 233, 6918 Hemolysin/bacteriocin phenotype 3461 pSC101 replication, 785 E. faecalis subsp. zymogenes, 8172 Hydantoins, 5-substituted tdc operon expression, 6918 hisGDCBHAFI operon conversion genes, 962 tdc operon regulation, 233 E. coli Pseudomonas sp. strain NS671, 962 Integron InO physical map location, 3830 Hydrogen oxidation genes P. aeruginosa pVS1, 1248 Histidase A. vinelandii, 4549 Integron insert genes S. griseus, 1647 Hydrogen uptake genes site-specific rearrangement, 1574 Histidine biosynthesis genes R. leguminosarum bv. viciae, 4130 invA gene L. lactis subsp. lactis, 6571 Hydrogenase activation S. typhimurium, 4338 Histone-encoding gene hmfB A. vinelandii, 5295 Invasion activity M. fervidus, 3508 hoxZ, 5295 Ail variants, 1360 transcription, 3508 Hydrogenase expression Invasion phenotype Histonelike element AlgP H2 stimulation, 4258 S. enteritidis, 3945 P. aeruginosa, 824 R. capsulatus, 4258 Invasion plasmid antigens Histoplasma capsulatum Hydrogenase, membrane bound S. flexneri, 1990 diversity, 7075 A. eutrophus, 6277, 6290 surface presentation hit locus Hydrogen-oxidizing electron transport spa genes, 1990 B. bacteriovorus, 6018 P. brockii, 137 Iron(III) hydroxamate transport HlyB and HlyD Hydroperoxidases E. coli, 2305 S. marcescens metalloprotease R. capsulatus, 3386 FhuB-FhuC interaction, 2305 production in E. coli, 2361 Iron reduction HMf protein Hydroxypyruvate reductase gene M. S. putrefaciens, 1891 DNA binding, 7864 extorquens, 71 Iron transport M. fervidus, 7864 Hyperhemolysis A. baumannii, 7670 hmfB gene E. faecalis catechol mediated, 4783 M. fervidus, 3508 pAD1 insertions, 1801 E. chrysanthemi, 4783 transcription, 3508 Hyperthermophilic archaebacterium S. marcescens, 1378 HMT protein relaxed plasmid, 6103 Iron uptake M. thermoautotrophicum, 7890 Hypertransposing mutants P. putida HMW3 TnS, 1229 molecular recognition, 78 localization, 4265 Iron-oxidizing eubacteria M. pneumoniae, 4265 ilvC gene phylogeny, 269 Holdfast attachment genes Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, 7910 Iron-repressed proteins C. crescentus, 687 ilvGMEDA genes H. influenzae, 2425 Hook protein E. coli, 4871 Isoaspartyl protein methyltransferase Campylobacter spp., 3874 multiple transcripts, 4871 eubacteria, 355 Host dependence ilvIH transcription Isocitrate dehydrogenase gene bdellovibrios E. coli, 7648 R. meliloti, 4790 minireview, 5765 Isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phos- hox ilv-leu operon genes B. 3212 phatase A. vinelandii, 4549 subtilis, E. coli, 1414 hoxZ transcriptional regulation, 3212 mutations, 1414 A. vinelandii, 5295 Immunochemistry hydrogenase activation, 5295 M. mazei, 4683 J proteins hrd mutants Immunoglobulin G protease genes G4, 2717 S. coelicolor, 5165 H. influenzae, 2913 4IX174, 2717 hrp genes Immunological recognition E. amylovora, 1875 host-pathogen interactions K88 fimbriae expression signals, 3499 minireview, 4193 minor components, 6350 P. syringae pv. phaseolicola, 3499 stress, 4193 K+-translocating ATPase P. syringae pv. syringae, 1734 IMP1-GAL2 allelism R. sphaeroides, 6911 regulation, 1875 S. cerevisiae, 3411 katF and katE X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, 815 inaA gene E. coli, 4769 hrplhrm gene cluster E. coli, 1537 regulation by weak acids, 4769 P. syringae pv. syringae, 1742 pH regulation, 1537 Kdp expression hrpH product incD conservation E. coli, 2145 P. syringae pv. syringae, 6878 F, 3558 kdpDE operon, 2145 HSP70 gene Indoleglycerol phosphate synthase gene kdpABC expression evolution, 4594 trpC E. coli, 2152 H. marismortui, 4594 R. capsulatus, 5482 kdpDE operon htrB gene Insertion elements E. coli, 2145 E. coli, 7407 A. eutrophus, 8023 Kdp expression, 2145 fatty acid biosynthesis, 7407 A. eutrophus IS1086, 8133 2-Keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase gene htrD gene IS91 E. coli, 102 E. coli, 1240 sequence, 1345 3-Ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase I physical map location, 3824 transposase gene, 1345 E. coli, 508 hutH gene IS3411 thiolactomycin resistance, 508 S. griseus, 1647 urease gene inactivation, 883 P-Ketoadipate:succinyl-coenzyme A trans- Hydantoin racemase Insertional inactivation ferase genes Pseudomonas sp. strain NS671, 7989 E. coli urease gene, 883 P. putida, 4657 xxvii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL. kikA region Tn916 transfer, 5840 Lipopolysaccharide acetylation IncN plasmids, 3070 tryptophan biosynthesis genes, 6563 S. flexneri, 7500 K oxytoca killing, 3070 Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis bv. di- Lipopolysaccharide antigens Kiebsiella aerogenes acetylactis E. coli, 7963 arylsulfatase synthesis a-acetolactate synthase, 4838 Lipopolysaccharide core negative regulator gene foU, 2344 pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, 4838 E. coli, 7297 foL4 Lactose carrier protein S. dysenteriae, 7297 arylsulfatase synthesis negative regula- amino acid substitution Lipopolysaccharide core genes tor, 2344 amber suppressors, 5436 E. coli, 4736, 4746 monoamine oxidase operon mao, 2485 Lactose operon S. typhimurium, 4736, 4746 nickel incorporation S. mutans, 6159 Lipopolysaccharide gene regulation urease, 4324 Lactose operon promoter H. influenzae, 7245 urease genes L. lactis, 2273 Lipopolysaccharide mutant nickel metallocenter biosynthesis, lacZ fusions R. meliloti, 5941 4324 TnphoA and TnphoA' elements, 4558 symbiosis, 5941 Klebsiella K2 capsule synthesis Lamina Lipopolysaccharides E. coli, 1063 M. mazei, 309 A. pleuropneumoniae rcsB, 1063 LasA production 0 antigens, 5324 Klebsiella oxytoca P. aeruginosa, 4140 B. bacteriovorus, 2858 kikA region IcrF C. jejuni IncN plasmids, 3070 Y pestis, 4275 diversity, 1324 Kiebsiella pneumoniae yadA4 activation low molecular weight, 1324 citrate transport, Na+ dependent, 4893 Y enterocolitica, 2047 structures, 1324 molybdenum cofactor mutants, 6298 Y pseudotuberculosis, 2047 C. crescentus, 7595 Na'-dependent citrate transport, 4893 yopE transcription, 4275 conformational flexibility, 4798 rfb gene cluster, 4614 LcrQ protein H. pylori, 1370 Kiebsiella serotype 02 Y. pseudotuberculosis, 3355 Klebsiella serotype 02 lipopolysaccharide structure, 4913 ldh gene structure, 4913 Kluyveromyces lactis L. lactis, 6956 membrane interactions, 336 pKD1 Legionella pneumophila P. aeruginosa site-specific recombination, 6703 major outer membrane protein subunits, monoclonal antibody probes, 2178 908 ultrastructure, 7159 L41 ribosomal protein lemA gene Pectinatus spp., 3348 cycloheximide sensitivity, 254 P. syringae, 3011, 3021 R. leguminosarum yeasts, 254 Leptospira interrogans antigenic changes, 2222 lac fusions, single copy NotI physical map, 7566 structural epitopes, 2230 S. typhimurium, 245 periplasmic flagella, 4761 salmonellae lac transcription activation rRNA gene scattering, 7566 04+ 09' strains, 1916 catabolite gene activator protein Leucine regulon specific phages, 3250 minireview, 655 E. coli, 1948 structure, three dimensional, 4798 ,-Lactamase insertion mutations, 1948 V. parahaemolyticus, 3140 abnormal fractionation, 3407 Leuconostoc lactis Lipoproteins E. coli, 3407 1-galactosidase genes, 4475 E. coli, 2095, 7982 substrate specificity mutants, 5237 Leuconostoc oenos membrane localization, 2095 P-Lactamase activator-regulator genes malolactic fermentation murein sacculus, 7982 S. cacaoi, 2834 energetic consequences, 5302 Listeria monocytogenes Lactobacillus brevis Leucyl-tRNA synthetase gene leuS hemolysin gene S-layer protein gene, 7419 B. subtilis, 3928 transcriptional activation in B. subtilis, Lactobacillus casei leuS gene 1293 D-alanyl-activating enzyme gene, 4707 B. subtilis, 3928 physical map, 7098 Lactobacillus gasseri LexA repressor prfA gene, 568 +adh, 5584 E. coli, 5110 virulence gene expression, 947 site-specific recombination, 5584 interaction with dinG operator, 5110 virulence gene regulation, 568 Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-100 Light-sensitive mutant Listeria spp. bile salt hydrolase isozymes, 7217 E. coli, 7352 p60 proteins, 8166 Lactobacillus spp. ubiquinone biosynthesis mutation, 7352 livJ expression sugar-glycerol cofermentation, 1013 Lignin peroxidase genes antitermination control, 1777 Lactococcus lactis P. chrysosporium, 5036 E. coli, 1777 ATP-driven extrusion system, 3118 Linear replication products Lon activity bacteriocin single-stranded DNA plasmids, 173 E. coli, 5661 5686 Lipase prlF mutations, 5661 two-peptide-dependent activity, lon gene lactose operon promoter, 2273 in vivo processing, 1844 B. brevis, 2281 ldh gene, 6956 S. aureus, 1844 Low-temperature-inducible promoter Tn5276, 1280 Lipase, extracellular E. coli, 7902 Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis chromosomal mutation, 4000 Lrp branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis S. aureus, 4000 branched-chain amino acid transport, genes, 6580 Lipid A 108 fertility function, 5840 N. meningitidis, 1793 E. coli, 108, 2779 genetic map, 6752 Lipid composition lysU expression, 2779 histidine biosynthesis genes, 6571 C. acetobutylicum, 1848 Irp mutant phage resistance gene, 7463 Lipooligosaccharide mutants DNA replication initiation, 3078 physical map, 6752 H. influenzae, 6455 E. coli, 3078 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxviii

Lrp regulon Mannopine catabolism Methanococcus aeolicus E. coli, 1109 A. tumefaciens, 2631 amino acid aminotransferases, 541 Luciferase vectors mao operon Methanococcus voltae Streptomyces spp., 367 K aerogenes, 2485 energy transduction, 5575 lux genes mbf mutant Methanogenesis autoinducer-deficient strain, 4384 DNA replication initiation, 3078 acetate autoinducer-LuxR-independent modula- E. coli, 3078 minireview, 5489 tion, 2440 Melibiose carrier Methanohalophilus strain FDF1 repetitive elements, 5371 Asp residues, 3083 osmolyte biosynthetic pathways, 6688 transcriptional regulation, 5132 E. coli, 3083 Methanohalophilus strain Z7302 V. fischeri, 2440, 4384, 5132 Membrane action glycine betaine, 7474 X. luminescens, 5371 tetralin, 2986 potassium ion, 7474 luxR product Membrane lipoproteins Methanol dehydrogenase gene V. harveyi, 7490 E. coli, 7982 B. methanolicus, 5346 LuxR protein murein sacculus, 7982 Methanosarcina barken gene activation, 4064 Membrane properties 1,2-dichloroethane dechlorination GroESL, 7138 mycoplasmalike organism, 682 corrinoids, 4427 HtpR, 7138 Membrane ultrastructure F430, 4427 V. fischeri, 4064, 7138 alkaliphilic Bacillus spp., 5123 Methanosarcina mazei LuxR-autoinducer-independent modulation Membrane-bound hydrogenase immunochemistry, 4683 V. fischeni Iu genes, 2440 A. eutrophus, 6277, 6290 lamina, 309 Lysine biosynthesis Membrane-derived oligosaccharides novel multicellular form, 309 C. albicans, 7379 E. coli, 4856 Methanosarcina sp. strain Got pathogenic fungi, 7379 mutants, 4856 cytochromes, 3921 Lysine-specific permease porin osmoregulation, 1410 Methanosarcina strain Got E. coli, 3242 Membranes N5-methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin:co- Lysis-inhibited cells lipopolysaccharide, 336 enzyme M methyltransferase, 7656 lysis, 8073 Menaquinone biosynthesis Na'-translocating membrane protein, T4 infection, 8073 E. coli, 5057, 8111 7656 lysP gene menB gene Methanosarcina thermophila E. coli, 3242 E. coli, 5057 ferredoxin gene, 5244 lysU expression menBE operon Methanospirillum hungatei E. coli, 2779 B. subtilis, 5063 sheath lrp, 2779 mer gene products growth sites, 6460 Lysyl-tRNA synthetase gene Tn2l, 6377 polypeptides, 935 C. jejuni, 695 mer operator-promoter promoter pools, 6460 Tn21, 2160 Methanothermus fervidus Macrolide 3-O-acyltransferase gene Mercuric ion reductase HMf protein in S. 1288 S. mycarofaciens, 5141 expression cerevisiae, DNA binding, 7864 Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B Mercury resistance operon hmfB transcription, 3508 resistance gene ermD S. aureus pI258, 7044 Methylenomycin production 5860 mer-lux fusion S. coelicolor, 1487 regulation, superhelicity, 8094 Methylobacterium extorquens Magnetic bacteria Tn2l, 8094 hydroxypyruvate reductase gene gene 2748 transfer, metA gene cloning, 71 Major outer membrane protein E. coli mutagenesis, 71 L. pneumophila, 908 physical map location, 5753 physiological effect, 71 Major polymorphic tandem repeat metA regulation methanol-inducible moxF promoter, 4444 M. tuberculosis, 4157 S. typhimurium, 390 N5-Methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin:coen- Malate dehydrogenase Metalloprotease zyme M methyltransferase C. tepidum, 1307 S. marcescens Methanosarcina strain Got, 7656 C. vibrioforne, 1307 HlyB and HlyD, 2361 MetR regulatory system H. gestii, 1307 production in E. coli, 2361 S. typhimurium, 4833 Malolactic fermentation Metalloprotease gene vitamin B12, 4833 energetic consequences, 5302 V. anguillarum, 7235 miaA gene L. oenos, 5302 Methane formation A. tumefaciens, 1086 Malonyl coenzyme A-acyl carrier protein CH3-S-CoM reductase vir gene expression, 1086 transacylase gene fabD kinetic studies, 1007 Microcin 25 E. coli, 2851 M. thermoautotrophicum, 1007 E. coli, 7428 Maltase gene Methanobacterium formicicum Micromonospora echinospora C. albicans, 6992 selenocysteine P1 targeted insertion, 659 promoter mutations, 3111 Maltose transport Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Micromonospora viridifaciens low-affinity component, 3065 CH3-S-CoM reductase neuraminidase gene, 6896 S. cerevisiae, 3065 kinetic studies, 1007 Micromonospora zionensis Maltose-binding protein deazaflavin biosynthetic precursors, 4042 aminoglycoside resistance determinant, E. coli, 6488 1,2-dichloroethane dechlorination 7868 export, 6488 methyl-coenzyme M reductase, 4435 Milk-clotting activity, extracellular translation, 6488 HMT protein, 7890 M. xanthus, 5136 Maltose-binding protein export physical map, 7227 min genes E. coli prl suppressor mutants, 92 Methanobacterium thermoformicicum B. subtilis, 6717, 6729 Manganese peroxidases MthTI restriction-modification system, MinC P. chrysosporium, 3532 5719 E. coli, 63 xxix SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL. minC mutations immunological recognition, 4193 Multicopy suppression division inhibition, 35 symbiosis E. coli sec mutation, 1454 E. coli, 35 V. fischeri-E. scolopes, 4865 Multiresistance transposons MinD transcription termination suppression integron ancestor, 1248 E. coli, 63 A N product, 6711 Muramidase-2 Minireviews transcriptional regulator, heavy metal E. hirae, 3236 bdellovibrios responsive, 3097 Muramidase-2 gene host dependence, 5765 two-component regulatory systems E. hirae, 1619 catabolite gene activator protein cross regulation, 2053 murB gene lac transcription activation, 655 Vibrio fischen E. coli, 1690 chromosomal insertion sites symbiosis with E. scolopes, 4865 Murein phages, 7495 virulence determinants DD-carboxypeptidase mutant, 5152 plasmids, 7495 environmental signals, 1 S. pneumoniae, 5152 chromosome partitioning mob region Murein-metabolizing enzymes E. coli, 7883 N tra plasmids, 499 E. coli, 6394 Clp proteins, 1081 pCU1 oriT region, 499 murI gene conjugative transposition, 6005 Molybdenum cofactor mutants E. coli, 5772 cross regulation K pneumoniae, 6298 murZ gene two-component regulatory systems, Molybdoenzyme biosynthesis E. coli, 5748 2053 E. coli, 7934 Mutant enrichment directed mutation, 1711 Monoamine oxidase operon mao S. pombe, 4078 extracellular protein secretion K aerogenes, 2485 Mutation, directed determinants, 3423 Monoclonal antibodies minireview, 1711 gram-negative bacteria, 3423 P. putida cell surface, 2978 mutD5 mutator GO system, 6321 Mosquitocidal toxin dnaE suppressor, 1974 heavy metal-responsive transcriptional B. sphaenicus, 5051 E. coli, 1974 regulator, 3097 proteolytic processing, 5051 mutR host-pathogen interactions mot operon E. coli, 5168 immunological recognition, 4193 B. subtilis, 4197 identity to topB, 5168 stress, 4193 Motility mxiJ gene immunological recognition B. bronchiseptica S. flexneri, 7661 host-pathogen interactions, 4193 bvgAS locus, 980 Mycobacteria stress, 4193 M. xanthus, 5406 conventional embedding, 6508 lac transcription activation pili, 5406 freeze-substitution, 6508 catabolite gene activator protein, 655 Motility mutants Mycobacterium fortuitum X N product S. marcescens, 6125 aromatic dehalogenases, 5669 transcription termination suppression, mcxF promoter, methanol inducible Mycobacterium smegmatis 6711 M. extorquens, 4444 penicillin-binding protein, 4829 methanogenesis mraR gene Mycobacterium sp. strain E3 acetate, 5489 E. coli, 7841 alkene monooxygenase multicopy single-stranded DNA mre genes NADH reductase component, 3275 retrons, 2419 B. subtilis, 6717, 6729 Mycobactenium tuberculosis mutation, directed, 1711 mRNA degradation 14,000-molecular-weight antigen nodulation gene expression broad-specificity endoribonucleases, 56 alpha-crystallin family, 1352 NodD, 5177 E. coli, 56 major polymorphic tandem repeat, 4157 rhizobia, 5177 mRNA processing Mycoplasma hominis oxidative damage Z. mobilis, 2824 genetic mapping, 2199 GO system, 6321 mRNA stability physical mapping, 2199 phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phospho- E. coli, 743 Mycoplasma pneumoniae transferase system heat shock response, 743 4.5S RNA homolog gene, 627 nomenclature, 1433 msbB gene EcoRI restriction map, 7289 protein secretion, extracellular E. coli, 702 HMW3 localization, 4265 determinants, 3423 msgB Mycoplasmalike organisms gram-negative bacteria, 3423 dapE, 5258 evolutionary relationship with A. laid- repetitive DNA sequences E. coli, 5258 lawii, 2606 short, interspersed, 4525 MthTI restriction-modification system genomic strain cluster respiratory pathway genes M. thermoformicicum, 5719 X disease, 6694 E. coli, 7069 mtrAB operon membrane properties, 682 transcription, 7069 B. subtilis, 2059 Mycoplasmas retrons MucA cleavage recA genes, 778, 2729 multicopy single-stranded DNA, 2419 E. coli, 6844 Myxococcus xanthus rhizobia Mucor A-factor, heat stable, 3319 NodD, 5177 racemosus asg mutants nodulation gene expression, 5177 carboxypeptidase, 447 protein rescue, 3311 o70 family Mucor spp. A-signalling, 7360 evolutionary relationships, 3843 CUP regulation, 362 cell density sensing, 7360 sequence conservation, 3843 mukB null mutant suppressor eukaryotic-like protein kinase family, spore DNA E. coli, 7517 5450 protection, 2737 Multicatalytic proteinase complexes FrzCD methylation repair, 2737 Frankia strain BR, 1495 cell behavior, 4246 starvation, 345 Multicopy single-stranded DNA gliding motility stress retrons pili, 5406 host-pathogen interactions, 4193 minireview, 2419 heat-stable A-factor, 3319 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxx

milk-clotting activity, extracellular, 5136 NhaB Na+/H+ antiporter nusG pili E. coli, 7482 E. coli, 1339 gliding motility, 5406 serine, 7482 X N, 1339 reverse transcriptase gene, 2384 Nicotinate catabolism pathway T. thermophilus, 7859 A. caulinodans, 7791 nutL mutations N2 fixation system, unusual nifA promoter X, 1983 S. thermoautotrophicus, 6840 R. meliloti, 4120 Nun action, 1983 N protein nifUSVW-rpoN gene cluster Nutrient deprivation X, 8144 R. sphaeroides, 3855 bleaching, 4718 Na+/H+ antiport, electrogenic Nine-minute region Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942, alkiliphilic Bacillus sp., 5936 E. coli 4718 Na+-dependent citrate transport map alignment, 1709 Nylon oligomer degradation gene K. pneumoniae, 4893 Nitrate reductase Flavobactenium sp. strain KI725, 7948 Na+-translocating membrane protein E. coli, 867 Methanosarcina strain Got, 7656 NarJ, 867 04+ O9+ salmonellae NADH reductase T. selenatis, 7316 construction, 1911 Mycobacterium sp. strain E3 alkene Nitric oxide reductase genes lipopolysaccharides, 1916 monooxygenase, 3275 P. stutzeri, 2394 O lipopolysaccharide antigens NAD(P)H-dependent Cr(VI) reductase Nitrilotriacetate monooxygenase E. coli, 7963 P. ambigua, 5340 "Chelatobacter" strain ATCC 29600, O polysaccharides NADP/NAD glutamate dehydrogenase ra- 1179 S. zuerich, 1904 tio Nitrite reduction-deficient mutants 0-acetylated peptidoglycan B. poitrasii dimorphism, 3723 P. fluorescens, 2560 monoclonal antibody, 5043 Naphthalene metabolism Nitrogen catabolite repression P. mirabilis, 5043 study with recombinant bacteria, 7542 S. cerevisiae CARI expression, 48 Oleandomycin resistance nar operon Nitrogen regulator I S. antibioticus, 161 E. coli, 1119 enteric bacteria, 179 Oligopeptidase A gene opdA transcription, 1119 glnA expression, 179 S. typhimurium, 1631 NarJ Nitrogenase-2 Omp26 E. coli, 867 A. vinelandii, 3884 localization, 5827 nitrate reductase, 867 regulation, 3884 P. gingivalis, 5827 narK regulation Nitrogenase activity, oxygen tolerant ompA mRNA E. coli, 7104 A. vinelandii, 3399 decay, 5382 narQ gene divalent cations, 3399 E. coli, 5382 E. coli Nitrogenase synthesis ompB transcription physical map location, 7882 Anabaena mutants, 6025 cyclic AMP, 664 narX Nitrous oxide reductase cyclic AMP receptor protein, 664 E. coli, 3667 NosR, 5332 E. coli, 664 methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, P. stutzeri, 5332 OmpR mutants 3667 nlpA gene E. coli, 6685 recessive alleles, 3667 E. coli OmpR mutations Natronococcus sp. strain Ah-36 physical map location, 3822 DNA binding, 4907 haloalkaliphilic amylase, 3439 nodM and nodN E. coli, 4907 common nod genes, 7555 OmpR-EnvZ signaling pathway Neisseria gonorrhoeae E. coli, 1522 argJ gene, 2694 Rhizobium spp., 7555 OmpT protease DNA methyltransferases, 5654 Nodulation gene expression E. coli, 2404 NgoMI restriction-modification system, minireview, 5177 4X174 prohead accessory protein gpB, 4899 NodD, 5177 2404 ornithine acetyltransferase gene argJ, rhizobia, 5177 omsA 2694 Nodulation genes, inducible firA, 7090 piLA gene, 5978 R. leguminosarum bv. viciae, 6109 Opacity variation pili NosR group B streptococci, 3739 production in P. aeruginosa, 7321 nitrous oxide reductase, 5332 opd4 gene stress proteins, 6928 P. stutzeri, 5332 S. typhimurium, 1631, 5869, 5881 transferrin-binding protein 1, 5788 NotI map E. coliprlC gene, 5881 Neisseria meningitidis E. coli, 558 P22 development, 5869 dihydropteroate synthase gene L. interrogans, 7566 Opine transport genes transformational exchanges, 6386 nrdA and nrdB genes A. tumefaciens, 841 lipid A T4, 5740 OprF structural characterization, 1793 ntrA gene P. aeruginosa, 4977 neuC product A. tumefaciens, 2720 OprF porin E. coli Kl, 315 NtrC P. aeruginosa, 5196 Neuraminidase gene phosphorylation site, 5117 OprO porin M. viridifaciens, 6896 S. typhimurium, 5117 P. aeruginosa, 471 Neutral proteinase Nuclease activity oriC binding Streptomyces sp. strain C5, 2797 diphtheria toxin, 2032 E. coli, 7202 NgoMI restriction-modification system Nun membrane localization, 7202 N. gonorrhoeae, 4899 X nutL mutations, 1983 oriC complex fraction nha mutant nupC gene glycogen synthase, 5454 alkaline pH, 7743 E. coli oriC-type II DNA binding distance E. coli, 7743 physical map location, 5758 B. subtilis, 5466 xxxi SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Origin region Pantothenate kinase gene coaA Peptidoglycan metabolism S. coelicolor, 3220 E. coli, 6411 E. coli, 3549 oriT pap operon membrane intermediates, 3549 N tra plasmid mob region, 499 E. coli, 7003 Peptidoglycan precursor, cytoplasmic pCU1, 499 thermoregulation, 7003 vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, 5982 oriT region par region Peptidoglycan sacculus pTiC58, 6238 RK2, 8119 E. coli, 4811 orL4 gene Pasteurellaceae elasticity, 4811 A. nidulans, 384 phylogeny, 2002 Peptidoglycan stabilization Ornithine acetyltransferase gene argJ Pathogenic fungi E. coli, 7572 N. gonorrhoeae, 2694 lysine biosynthesis, 7379 penicillin-binding protein 6, 7572 Osmolyte biosynthetic pathways Pathogenicity genes Peptidyltransferase Methanohalophilus strain FDF1, 6688 X. campestris pv. glycines, 1923 23S rRNA, 1333 Osmoprotection pdxH-tyrS operon Periplasmic flagella E. coli, 5027 E. coli, 6033 L. interrogans, 4761 ectoine, 5027 pdxf operon Periplasmic flagellum gene Osmoregulation E. coli, 1544, 1554 T. phagedensis, 6404 betaine, 1586 Pectate lyase gene peL4 Peroxisomal alcohol oxidase crystals E. coli, 1586 F. solani f. sp. pisi, 6343 architecture, 5391 membrane-derived oligosaccharides, Pectate lyases H. polymorpha, 5391 1410 E. chrysanthemi, 2039 Peroxisome-deficient mutants proline, 1586 Pectin lyase induction P. pastoris, 4943 S. aureus, 2702, 2711 E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, 5471 Peroxisomes, multipurpose Osmotic adaptation Pectinase gene transcription C. boidinii, 4057 E. coli, 2922 E. chrysanthemi, 7807 pfl gene osmY gene Pectinatus spp. anaerobic induction, 3474 E. coli, 3637 lipopolysaccharides, 3348 E. coli, 3474 osmZ locus pem system pgpA and pgpB genes E. coli, 998 R100, 4205 E. coli, 205 genetically active regions, 998 Penicillin biosynthesis regulation pH regulation otsBA genes A. nidulans, 3789 E. coli, 1537 E. coli, 889 Penicillin biosynthetic pathway genes inaA structure, 1537 trehalose synthesis, 889 A. nidulans, 7063 Phage resistance out genes Penicillin G acylase ,149, 6221 E. chrysanthemi, 7385 E. coli, 6270 V. cholerae, 6221 Outer membrane cytochromes mutational analysis, 6270 Phage resistance gene S. putrefaciens, 3429 Penicillinase repressors L. lactis subsp. lactis, 7463 Outer membrane lipopolysaccharide temperature sensitive, 1423 Phanerochaete chrysosporium C. crescentus, 7595 Penicillin-binding protein 4 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin degrada- Outer membrane lipoprotein domain organization, 3261 tion, 2131 E. coli E. coli, 3261 lignin peroxidase genes, 5036 sec mutants, 2511 Penicillin-binding protein 6 manganese peroxidases, 3532 export, 2511 E. coli, 7572 Phenol catabolic operon peptidoglycan stabilization, 7572 Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600, 711 Outer membrane protein gene Penicillin-binding protein genes Phenol hydroxylase gene phyA B. avium, 7729 S. oralis, 4517 T. cutaneum, 7112 R. leguminosarum, 214 S. pneumoniae, 4517 Phenol metabolism, anaerobic Oxidative damage Penicillin-binding protein, sporulation spe- denitrifying bacterium, 3629 GO system cific Phenol/cresol hydroxylase gene tbuD minireview, 6321 B. subtilis, 1717, 5430 P. picketti, 6518 Oxidative envelope damage gene, 5430 pheS5 mutation E. coli, 953 Penicillin-binding proteins E. coli, 1686 suppression, 953 E. coli, 4689 thermosensitivity, 1686 Oxidative stress localization with mercury-penicillin V, phoP locus E. coli, 630 4689 E. coli, 486 rpoH deletion, 630 M. smegmatis, 4829 phoP-phoQ operon S. cerevisiae, 6678 Penicillin-induced death E. coli, 492 Oxyanion reduction staphylococci, 2241 Phosphate regulon R. sphaeroides, 1505 Penicillium spp. E. coli, 2124 rare earth, 1505 extracellular polysaccharide structure, Pta-AckA pathway, 2124 Oxygen sensitivity 6096 Phosphate taxis E. 2072 Pentachlorophenol hydroxylase coli, Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723, P. aeruginosa, 5149 oxyR-trmA region 2898, 5745 Phosphoenolpyruvate phosphomutase E. coli Pentose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase genes P. gladioli, 6857 physical map location, 7878 A. eutrophus, 7337 Phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotrans- Peptidoglycan ferase system P1 promoter mutations D-amino acids, 5549 nomenclature M. echinospora, 3111 cross-linkage, 2028 minireview, 1433 p60 proteins cross-linking, 2028 Phosphoglycerate mutase Listeria spp., 8166 E. coli, 2028, 5549 S. coelicolor, 434 pabC Peptidoglycan hydrolase gene Phospholipid phosphatases E. coli, 5317 S. aureus, 6303 E. coli, 205 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxxii

Phosphonate degradative pathways sor genes, 7784 thermosensitive plasmid, 5633 E. aerogenes, 2501 tkt, 1707 hyperthermophilic archaebacterium, Phosphoproteins tolC-htrP region, 1700 6103 B. subtilis, 2474 trxB, 3824 IncB miniplasmid PhoU tyrR, 3832 rep genes, 2376 alkaline phosphatase regulation, 8057 ubiA, 5762 IncHI2 R478 E. coli, 8057 L. interrogans, 7566 restriction map, 1197 phosphate transport, 8057 L. lactis subsp. lactis, 6752 IncN phyA gene L. monocytogenes, 7098 K oxytoca killing, 3070 T. cutaneum, 7112 M. hominis, 2199 kikA region, 3070 Phycoerythrin-associated linker protein M. thermoautotrophicum, 7227 IncP gene R. capsulatus, 4070 conjugative transfer, 2493 F. diplosiphon, 5995 Pichia pastoris traF, 6666 Phycoerythrocyanin operon peroxisome-deficient mutants, 4943 traG, 6666 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 2640 pilA gene K lactis pKD1 Phylogeny N. gonorrhoeae, 5978 site-specific recombination, 6703 Bacteria domain Pili linear replication products, 173 novel groups, 5072 gliding motility, 5406 mini-F Borrelia spp., 241 M. xanthus, 5406 replication, 5597 caulobacters, 2193 N. gonorrhoeae N tra eubacteria production in P. aeruginosa, 7321 mob region, 499 iron oxidizing, 269 Pili, type 1 pCU1 oriT region, 499 sulfur oxidizing, 269 E. coli, 5923 NR1 Pasteurellaceae, 2002 Pilin gene transcriptional activator repAl expression, translational cou- repetitive extragenic palindromic se- P. aeruginosa, 3514 pling, 7620 quences, 4583 pilR gene stb autoregulation, 7629 S. dublin, 3587 P. aeruginosa, 3514 pl5B S. velum chemoautotrophic bacterial Plasmid copy number tail fiber gene evolution, 3936 symbionts, 3416 B. burgdorferi, 5251 P307 Physarum polycephalum pIP501 RepFIB RepA protein, 7533 transglutaminase, 2599 RepR, 5475 P. aeruginosa pVS1 Physical mapping Plasmid inheritance InO, 1248 B. burgdorferi, 3766 R. meliloti pADl B. cereus, 3750 RK2 region, 7486 conjugative transfer, 3152 B. pertussis, 7770 Plasmid partition E. faecalis hyperhemolysis, 1801 C. jejuni, 3494 topA host, 5190 Tn916 insertions, 1801 C. trachomatis, 2742 Plasmid replication pBC1, 638 E. coli F pBR322 76.5-minute cluster, 7880 nonrandom, 2121 tetA(C) gene, 7926 acyl coenzyme A synthetase gene linear products, 173 pCU1 fadD, 7875 mini-F, 5597 N tra mob region, 499 ahpC, 3826 pSC101, 456, 785 oriT region, 499 ahpF, 3826 R6K replication origins, 8139 araJ-tsx region, 1709 E. coli cell cycle, 1060 pE194 argFGH, 3836 novel promoter, 4777 excision, 6997 attP22, 3834 RepE pI258 coaA, 1705 proteolysis, 3004 arsenic resistance operon, 3684 cydC, 3824 RK2 mercury resistance operon, 7044 cydD, 3824 initiation protein mutants, 410 pIP501 dcp, 1698 initiator operon, 4842 copy number, 5475 dedBlusg, 5755 Plasmidlike forms RepR, 5475 eco, 1704 Bacteroides spp., 2935 pKD1 efg, 5765 Plasmids site-specific recombination, 6703 envCD, 3828 antirestriction proteins, 5079 pSC101 fadD, 7875 ard genes, 5079 integration host factor, 785 fdx, 5760 B. burgdorferi replication, 785 fec region, 3838 copy number, 5251 replication mutants, 456 glnD, 1702 B. coagulans pBC1, 638 pSDL2 glnE, 7876 B. subtilis pE194 spv operon, 6418 hisGDCBHA4FI, 3830 excision, 6997 Pseudomonas sp. strain NS671 htrD, 3824 chromosomal insertion sites hydantoin racemase gene, 3461 metA, 5753 minireview, 7495 pSX267 narQ, 7882 E. faecalis pAD1 arsenic resistance operon, 3676 nine-minute region, 1709 conjugative transfer, 3152 pTF-FC2 nlpA, 3822 hyperhemolysis, 1801 mobilization region, 6230 nupC, 5758 Tn916 insertions, 1801 pTiC58 oxyR-trmA region, 7878 F oriT region, 6238 protease II geneptrB, 7881 incD conservation, 3558 R6K repetitive extragenic palindromic se- nonrandom replication, 2121 E. coli cell cycle, 1060 quences, 4583 TraC localization, 3800 replication, 1060 me (ams)-rpmF-plsX-fab region, 7873 traW, 5567 replication region promoter, 4777 rts, 1705 trbI, 5567 R100 sbm, 5763 gram-positive bacteria pem system, 4205 xxxiii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

R478 Porphyrin secretion, thiol stimulated monoclonal antibody, 5043 restriction map, 1197 E. coli, 1072 Protozoa R721 Porphyromonas gingivalis physiology in chemostats, 2929 shufflon, 7053 collagenase, 3889 prtC gene R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli Omp26 localization, 5827 P. gingivalis, 3889 symbiosis, 5183 prtC gene, 3889 psbA genes R. sphaeroides Potassium ion high-light response, 3766 self-transmissible, 1124 Methanohalophilus strain Z7302, 7474 Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942, rep genes Potassium uptake system 3766 IncB miniplasmid, 2376 S. cerevisiae, 2025 Pseudomonas aeruginosa repAl expression prc gene algC regulation, 7680 translational coupling, 7620 E. coli, 7844 AlgP, 824 RepFIB replicon inactivation, 7844 AlgR-binding sites, 6624 RepA protein, 7533 Precorrin-6x reductase arcD gene, 1568 replication products P. denitrificans, 1036 arginine-ornithine exchanger, 1568 linear, 173 Precorrin-6y chemotaxis RK2 P. denitrificans, 1050 phosphate, 5149 R. meliloti in planta plasmid inheri- Precorrin-8x common antigen lipopolysaccharide tance, 7486 P. denitrificans, 1043, 1050 phage A7 receptor, 2407 replication initiation protein mutants, Prepilin processing din genes, 1862 4110 kinetics, 7345 elastase production, 4140 replication initiator operon, 4842 P. aeruginosa, 7345 exclusion limit, 5196 stabilization system, 8119 Prevotella loescheii Fe(III)-pyochelin receptor trfA mutations, 7026 adhesin gene, 7328 cloning, 4401 Rtsl prfA gene ferripyoverdin uptake RepA N-terminal function, 6904 L. monocytogenes, 568 pyocin Sa receptor, 4847 S. aureus p1258 virulence gene regulation, 568 gene mapping, 327 arsenic resistance operon, 3684 prl suppressor mutants histonelike element AlgP, 824 mercury resistance operon, 7044 E. coli, 92 LasA production, 4140 S. xylosus pSX267 maltose-binding protein export, 92 lipopolysaccharides arsenic resistance operon, 3676 prlC gene monoclonal antibody probes, 2178 Salmonella pSDL2 E. coli, 5881 ultrastructure, 7159 spv operon, 6418 S. typhimurum opdA gene, 5881 N. gonorrhoeae pilin production, 7321 self-transmissible prlF mutations OprF, 4977 R. sphaeroides, 1124 E. coli, 5661 OprF porin, 5196 single-stranded DNA Lon activity, 5661 OprO porin, 471 linear replication products, 173 PROJ gene phosphate taxis, 5149 T. denticola, 2724 S. cerevisiae, 4148 pilin gene transcriptional activator, 3514 thermosensitive PRO3 gene pilR gene, 3514 gram-positive bacteria, 5633 S. cerevisiae, 3782 prepilin processing transfer Prohead binding mutant kinetics, 7345 S. floricola, 4410 X, 850 pyocin Sa receptor virulence gene expression Proline ferripyoverdin uptake, 4847 S. dublin, 4482 E. coli, 1586 pyoverdin synthesis mutants, 5727 Plasmin receptor osmoregulation, 1586 stress response, 1862 group A streptococci, 5204 Proline iminopeptidase gene Pseudomonas ambigua Polyketide synthase B. coagulans, 7919 NAD(P)H-dependent Cr(VI) reductase, complementation, 6184 Proline transport 5340 S. coelicolor, 6184 S. aureus, 2702 Pseudomonas cepacia Polymerase chain reaction Proline-specific endopeptidase 2-halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase, 279 H. capsulatum, 7075 Xanthomonas sp., 2454 Pseudomonas denitnficans Polymorphic tandem repeat Promoter recognition cobaltochelatase, 7445 M. tuberculosis, 4157 (J54, 7221 cobL product, 1050 Polymorphism Protease II gene ptrB cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide reductase, Brucella spp., 7778 E. coli 7452 Polysaccharide physical map location, 7881 precorrin-6x reductase, 1036 E. coli, 7757 Protein secretion precorrin-8x phage depolymerase, 7757 X. campestris pv. campestris, 2679 biosynthesis from precorrin-6y, 1050 Polysialic acid synthesis Protein secretion, extracellular hydrogenobyrinic acid synthesis, 1043 E. 6191 gram-negative bacteria vitamin B12 biosynthesis, 1036, 1043, coli, 1099, minireview, 3423 1050 manipulation, 6191 Protein synthesis initiation Pseudomonas fluorescens Polysialyltransferases E. coli, 7819 nitrite reduction-deficient mutants, 2560 E. coli, 5127 tRNA mutants, 7819 Pseudomonas gladioli Porin antigenic sites Proteinase complexes phosphoenolpyruvate phosphomutase, H. influenzae type b, 4007 Frankia strain BR, 1495 6857 Porin osmoregulation Proteinase, neutral Pseudomonas maltophila membrane-derived oligosaccharides, Streptomyces sp. strain C5, 2797 cocaine esterase, 2087 1410 Proteolytic processing Pseudomonas mendocina Porins mosquitocidal toxin, 5051 tmoF gene, 7253 enteric bacteria, 1965 Proteus mirabilis Pseudomonas picketti P. syringae pv. syringae capsule structure, 2172 phenol/cresol hydroxylase gene tbuD, avirulence phenotype, 1742 0-acetylated peptidoglycan 6518 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxxiv

Pseudomonas putida puc operon recBCD-dependent Chi activation benzoate catabolism genes, 4986 R. sphaeroides, 1146, 1158 E. coli, 1172 catBC operon regulation, 1146, 1158 inhibition, 1172 activation, 7798 pufA mutants Receptor mapping cell surface R. capsulatus, 3030 ferrichrome, 78 monoclonal antibodies, 2978 purA P. putida, 78 DEH mobile genetic element B. subtilis, 1883 RecF protein dehalogenase genes, 1932, 1941 purB gene ATP binding, 7705 ferrichrome E. coli, 130, 7121 double-stranded DNA binding, 7705 receptor mapping, 78 Purine repressor E. coli, 7705 D-haloalkanoate dehalogenase gene, 2612 E. coli, 6207 Recombination efficiency iron uptake putP B. subtilis, 5593 receptor mapping, 78 evolutionary genetics, 6886 Relaxed-like state ,-ketoadipate:succinyl-coenzyme A PvuII endonuclease E. coli, 3903 transferase genes, 4657 pvuIIC gene, 3395 temperature downshifts, 3903 receptor mapping pvuIIR gene, 3395 rep genes ferrichrome, 78 Pyocin Sa receptor IncB miniplasmid, 2376 Pseudomonas solanacearum ferripyoverdin uptake, 4847 RepA endoglucanase transport P. aeruginosa, 4847 N-terminal function, 6904 mature sequences, 1314 Pyoverdin synthesis mutants RepFIB replicon, 7533 extracellular polysaccharide P. aeruginosa, 5727 Rtsl, 6904 virulence, 1068 pyrC expression repAl expression tyrosine phosphorylation, 4356 E. coli, 514 NR1, 7620 Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600 translational control, 514 translational coupling, 7620 phenol catabolic operon Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase Repair functional analysis, 711 E. coli, 6033 T7 DNA, 155 nucleotide sequence, 711 Pyrodictium brockii RepE Pseudomonas sp. strain G-179 hydrogen-oxidizing electron transport, proteolysis, 3004 copper nitrite reductase mutants, 6653 137 replication inhibitor, 3004 Pseudomonas sp. strain LB400 Pyrroloquinoline quinone synthase gene Repetitive DNA element biphenyl dioxygenase genes, 2903 E. herbicola, 5814 C. burnetti, 5540 Pseudomonas sp. strain NS671 Pyrrolo-quinoline-quinone Repetitive DNA sequences 5-substituted hydantoin conversion biosynthesis, 1426 short, interspersed genes, 962 Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex minireview, 4525 hydantoin racemase, 7989 A. laidlawii, 1388 Repetitive extragenic palindromic se- plasmid hydantoin racemase gene, 3461 L. lactis subsp. lactis bv. diacetylactis, quences Pseudomonas strain, denitrifying 4838 E. coli, 4583 anaerobic toluene oxidation, 4860 Pyruvate formate-lyase gene pfl phylogenetic distribution, 4583 Pseudomonas stutzeri anaerobic induction, 3474 physical mapping, 4583 nitric oxide reductase genes, 2394 E. coli, 3474 Replication arrest site nitrous oxide reductase, 5332 E. coli, 7854 NosR, 5332 Rare-earth oxyanion reduction Replication initiation protein mutants Pseudomonas syringae R. sphaeroides, 1505 RK2, 4110 lemA 3021 rck virulence plasmid gene Replication products gene, 3011, ail homology, 84 linear, 173 tabtoxin production, 3021 pagC homology, 84 single-stranded DNA plasmids, 173 Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea S. typhimurium, 84 Replication terminus region genes coronatine synthesis genes, 1837 rcsA gene E. coli, 2102 Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola E. coli, 8 Respiratory chain argK gene, 5895 group I capsule expression, 8 A. aceti terminal oxidase, 122 hrp expression signals, 3499 rcsB gene Respiratory pathway genes Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae E. coli, 3964 transcription hrp gene cluster ftsZ activation, 3964 E. coli, 7069 environmental regulation, 1734 Klebsiella K2 capsule synthesis, 1063 minireview, 7069 organization, 1734 rcsF gene Restriction map hrp/hrm gene cluster E. coli, 8016 M. pneumoniae, 7289 porins, 1742 rdxA gene Restriction-modification hrpH product, 6878 membrane protein, 6444 BamHI system porins R. sphaeroides, 6444 regulation, 7194 1742 recA expression F. succinogenes, 5275 hrplhrm gene cluster, M. thermoformicicum MthTI system, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato B. subtilis, 3171 5719 avrPto gene recA gene NgoMI, 4899 disease resistance, 1604 cloning method, 5171 Retrons pspA gene gram-positive bacteria, 2729, 5171 multicopy single-stranded DNA S. pneumoniae, 601, 610 mycoplasmas, 778, 2729 minireview, 2419 PspA protein recA mutations Retrotransfer S. pneumoniae, 601, 610 E. coli, 6264 mathematic modeling, 5953 Pta-AckA pathway recombination, 6264 Retrotransposon E. coli, 2124 SOS response, 6264 C. albicans, 5624 phosphate regulon, 2124 recBC Reverse transcriptase gene ptsI gene DNA unwinding, 5424 M. xanthus, 2384 S. camosus, 2208 E. coli, 5424 S. aurantiaca, 2384 XXXv SUBJECT INDEX J. BAcrERIOL. rfa genes Rhodobacter sphaeroides rol gene E. coli, 930, 2525, 3250, 4736, 4746, 7297 chromosome transfer, 1135 E. coli, 5228 S. typhimurium, 4736, 4746 heme-Cu-containing oxidases, 2338 S. typhimuiium, 5228 rfaQ gene K+-translocating ATPase, 6911 rph gene 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid trans- nifUSVW-rpoN gene cluster, 3855 B. subtilis, 4727 ferase gene, 7750 plasmid, self-transmissible, 1124 ipoA mutations E. coli, 7750 puc operon E. coli, 5156 rfb gene cluster regulation, 1146, 1158 rpoB K pneumoniae, 4614 rare-earth oxyanion reduction, 1505 E. coli, 7174 rfb genes rdx4 gene translational regulatory region, 7174 S. flexneri, 7500 membrane protein, 6444 rpoH deletion rfp gene ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ E. coli, 630 S. dysenteriae, 7297 oxygenase oxidative stress, 630 rgg gene ammonia assimilatory system interac- rpsD gene S. gordonii, 3577 tion, 3601 B. subtilis, 6763 rhiABCR genes characterization, 3593 regulatory target site, 6763 R. leguminosarum bv. viciae, 4026 GroEL interaction, 3607 rRNA, 23S Rhizobia inactivation, 3593 C. botulinum, 8158 nodulation gene expression nucleotide interaction, 3607 peptidyltransferase interactions, 1333 minireview, 5177 self-transmissible plasmid, 1124 rRNA gene organization NodD, 5177 sulfolipid biosynthesis operon, 6479 B. burgdorferi, 3757 Rhizobitoxine mutants sulfolipid-deficient mutant, 2352 rRNA gene scattering B. japonicum, 3467 Rhodopseudomonas palustris L. interrogans, 7566 Rhizobium leguminosarum AadR, 5803 rRNA genes DctD anaerobic aromatic acid degradation, S. velum chemoautotrophic bacterial central domain, 1428 5803 symbionts, 3416 lipopolysaccharide Rhodospirillum rubrum rrnB antigenic changes, 2222 carbon monoxide dehydrogenase sys- P1 transcription structural epitopes, 2230 tem, 5284 steady state, 6071 outer membrane protein gene, 214 Riboflavin biosynthesis its gene Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli E. coli, 4050 E. coli plasmids, 5183 Ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase allelic with coaA, 1705 symbiosis, 5183 T4, 5740 physical map location, 1705 Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii Ribose-binding protein export RTX hemolysin cyclic P-1,2-glucans E. coli, 5219 A. pleuropneumoniae, 291 synthesis, 6336 SecB, 5219 target cell specificities, 291 Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Ribosomal promoters hydrogen uptake genes, 4130 steady-state transcription, 6071 S9-like antigen inducible nodulation genes, 6109 Ribosomal protein L41 H. somnus, 17 rhiABCR genes, 4026 cycloheximide sensitivity, 254 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rhizobium meliloti yeasts, 254 acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate path- anthranilate 4416 Ribosomal protein operon spc way enzymes, 5702 synthesis mutants, C. trachomatis, 1205 adenine deaminase, 3102 symbiotic phenotype, 4416 E. coli, 1213 adenine utilization, 3102 chromosome mapping system, 324 Ribosomes bleomycin damage repair, 3125 exo mutants Vbrio sp. strain CCUG 15956 bypl mutant, 4183 exogenous suppression of symbiotic carbon starvation, 6780 CAR1 expression deficiencies, 3403 Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ nitrogen catabolite repression, 48 flagella oxygenase CAR1 gene subunit associations, 3896 R. sphaeroides, 3593, 3601, 3607 inducer-responsive upstream activa- isocitrate dehydrogenase gene, 4790 Rickettsia spp. tion sequence, 6831 lipopolysaccharide mutant genome sizes, 7455 chromosome I ordered clone bank, 5985 symbiosis, 5941 RNA, 9S CYS3 gene, 3339 nifA promoter, 4120 E. coli, 5382 DUR80 mutations, 2548 plasmid inheritance in planta processing, 5382 GAL2-IMP1 allelism, 3411 RK2 region, 7486 RNA homolog, 4.5S GCR3, 5526 Rhizobium spp. M. pneumoniae, 627 GLN1 gene nodM and nodN RNA operon activation sequence, 1828 common nod genes, 7555 E. coli, 921 transcriptional regulation, 1828 FIS dependent, trans, 921 Rhizopus oligosporus RNA polymerase glycolytic gene expression, 5526 chitinase genes, 7398 E. coli, 5005 IMPI-GAL2 allelism, 3411 chitinases, 7398 &32 mutant, 5005 maltose transport Rhodobacter capsulatus T7, 619 low-affinity component, 3065 hydrogenase expression RNA polymerase, DNA dependent murcuric ion reductase, bacterial, 1288 H2 stimulation, 4258 S. aurantiaca, 2733 nitrogen catabolite repression hydroperoxidases, 3386 RNA, small cytoplasmic CAR1 expression, 48 indoleglycerol phosphate synthase gene B. subtilis, 2185 oxidative stress, 6678 trpC, 5482 RNase PH gene iph potassium uptake system, 2025 physical map, 4070 B. subtilis, 4727 PROJ gene, 4148 pufA mutants, 3030 ine (ams)-rpmF-plsX-fab region PRO3 gene, 3782 tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, 5272 E. coli S. solfatancus thermostable 13-galactosi- trpC gene, 5482 physical map location, 7873 dase, 873 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxxvi

serine palmitoyltransferase mutants, rol gene, 5228 HlyB and HlyD, 2361 2575 sam,AB, 6948 production in E. coli, 2361 sphingolipid long-chain bases single-copy lac fusions motility mutants, 6125 auxotrophs, 2565 hemA-prfA operon, 245 Shape determination genes enzymatic synthesis, 2575 thiamine pyrimidine B. subtilis, 6717, 6729 sphingolipid-dependent strains alternative synthesis, 1515 Sheath phenotypes, 7180 uhp genes, 2754 C. crescentus, 6198 sterol biosynthesis, partitioned, 7283 umuDC, 6948 M. hungatei, 6460 thiamine metabolism UV mutagenesis Sheath polypeptides THI3 gene, 4701 umuDC dependence, 2809 M. hungatei, 935 Saccharopolyspora erythraea virulence plasmid gene rck Shewanella putrefaciens cytochrome P-450 enzymes, 725 ail homology, 84 dissimilatory iron reduction, 1891 Sacculus pagC homology, 84 outer membrane cytochromes, 3429 E. coli, 4811 vitamin B12-mediated regulation Shiga toxin operon elasticity, 4811 MetR regulatory system, 4833 S. dysenteriae, 6498 sacPA operon XbaI physical map, 1662 transcription, 6498 B. subtilis, 3161 Salmonella zuench Shigella dysenteriae sacXY operon O polysaccharides, 1904 lipopolysaccharide core completion, B. subtilis, 6087 Salmonellae 7297 transcription, 6087 04+ O9+ strains rfp gene Salmonella dublin construction, 1911 lipopolysaccharide core completion, evolutionary genetics, 3587 lipopolysaccharides, 1916 7297 plasmid virulence gene expression, 4482 samAB Shiga toxin operon virulence plasmid pSDL2 S. typhimurium, 6948 transcription, 6498 spv operon, 6418 sapA promoter Shigella flexneri Salmonella enteritidis C. fetus, 5916 glpFKX region, 6981 entry into eukaryotic cells, 3945 sbcD locus invasion plasmid antigens Salmonella typhimurium E. coli, 1222 spa genes, 1990 BlnI restriction map, 1656 sbm gene surface presentation, 1990 cob genes E. coli lipopolysaccharide acetylation, 7500 CobII and CobIII regions, 24 physical map location, 5763 mxiJ gene, 7661 coblpdu, 2253, 2267 Schizosaccharomyces pombe spa genes, 1990 cobalamin synthesis, 2138 CDP-diacylglycerol metabolism, 5711 vacB gene dcp gene, 1626 mutant enrichment, 4078 virulence gene expression, 6359 dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase gene dcp, sec mutants Shikimic acid kinase I gene aroK 1626 E. coli, 2511 E. coli, 525 DNA polymerase III e subunit mutants, outer membrane lipoprotein export, 2511 Shufflon 6965 sec mutation R721, 7053 eut operon E. coli, 1454 Sialyltransferase complex autogenous regulation, 6634 multicopy suppression, 1454 E. coli, 1099 fim genes, ancillary, 7697 SecA protein sigE flagellar switch protein FliM, 793 B. subtilis, 4308 B. subtilis, 3812 fliE gene, 2298 SecB precursor region mutations, 3812 FliM protein, 793 E. coli, 5219 3 mutant Fur ribose-binding protein export, 5219 core RNA polymerase affinity, 5005 regulation of protein synthesis, 4317 Secondary metabolism regulation E. coli, 5005 genome dissection, 3807 Streptomyces spp., 144 o2-like sigma factor heme synthesis, 3953 Secretion A. tumefaciens, 991 invA gene, 4338 E. coli or54 lac fusions, single copy E. chrysanthemi protease B, 4920 promoter recognition, 7221 hemA-prfA operon, 245 Selenate reductase a7family lipopolysaccharide core genes, 4736, T. selenatis, 7316 minireview, 3843 4746 Selenocysteine Sigma factor homologs mapping M. formicicum, 659 Anabaena sp. strain PCC, 7120, 7273 BlnI, 1656 targeted insertion, 659 Mud-P22 prophages, 1673 Selenoprotein A gene B. subtilis, 749, 3695 XbaI, 1662 C. sticklandii, 7080 regulation, 749, 3695 metA regulation Self-transmissible plasmid homocysteine, 390 R. sphaeroides, 1124 -10 binding region, 6815 MetR, 390 Septal morphology B. subtilis, 4629, 6815 MetR regulatory system, 4833 E. coli, 5414 precursor-specific region Mud-P22 prophages novelftsZ alleles, 5414 mutations, 4629 mapping, 1673 Septum placement genes NtrC B. subtilis, 6717, 6729 phosphorylation site, 5117 Serine palmitoyltransferase B. subtilis, 7144 oligopeptidase A gene opdA, 1631 S. cerevisiae, 2575 truncated proteins, 7144 opdA gene, 1631 Serratia entomophila Sin E. coliprlC gene, 5881 amber disease locus, 1020 B. subtilis, 3561, 3570 P22 development, 5869 Serratia marcescens Single-copy lac fusions rck virulence plasmid gene biosurfactant, 1769 S. typhimurium, 245 ail homology, 84 hemolysin activation, 5086 Single-stranded DNA pagC homology, 84 iron transport systems, 1378 E. coli, 1612 rfa genes, 4736, 4746 metalloprotease SOS induction, 1612 xxxvii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Site-specific integration Spirochaeta thennophila secretion by C glutamicum, 1854 HP1, 6674 glucose catabolism, 2449 osmoregulation, 2702, 2711 Site-specific rearrangement Spirochetes peptidoglycan hydrolase gene, 6303 integron insert gene, 1574 protruding periplasmic flagella, 832 pI258 Site-specific recombination Spiroplasma citri arsenic resistance operon, 3684 K lactis pKD1, 6703 UGG and UGA tryptophan codons, 6471 mercury resistance operon, 7044 L. gasseri, 5584 Spiroplasma floricola proline transport, 2702 S-layer fusion-mediated plasmid transfer, 4410 TnS51-autolysis mutants, 4952 mineralization, 7971 SpoOA Staphylococcus carnosus Synechococcus sp. strain GL24, 7971 B. subtilis, 1448 ptsI gene, 2208 S-layer gene spoIIG promoter activity, 1448 Staphylococcus xylosus T. thermophilus, 7458 spo genes, early heterologous surface expression, 4239 S-layer lattice B. subtilis, 2771 pSX267 B. coagulans, 3487 transcriptional regulation, 2771 arsenic resistance operon, 3676 S-layer protein gene spoII mutants xylose utilization genes L. brevis, 7419 B. subtilis, 8148 regulation, 3042 S-layer proteins sporlets, 8148 Starch binding genes Aeromonas spp., 40 spoILU locus B. thetaiotaomicron, 5609 antigenic diversity, 40 B. subtilis, 4885 Starvation B. stearothermophilus, 8008 spoIIE regulation minireview, 345 caulobacters, 1783 B. subtilis, 2648 stb autoregulation S-layer structure spoIIG promoter activity NR1, 7629 C. crescentus, 6527 B. subtilis, 1448 Sterol biosynthesis, partitioned Small, acid-soluble spore proteins SpoOA, 1448 S. cerevisiae, 7283 Bacillus spp., 807, 2312, 2874 spoWVA gene Stigmatella aurantiaca Clostridium spp., 2312, 2874 B. subtilis, 575, 586 cell surface modifications degradation coat morphogenesis, 575, 586 calcium ion, 5780 GPR protease, 807 Spore DNA DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, 2733 DNA binding, 2312, 2874 minireview reverse transcriptase gene, 2384 UV photoproducts, 2874 protection, 2737 Stigmatella spp. Small cytoplasmic RNA repair, 2737 genome size, 6307 B. subtilis, 2185 Spore germination-specific cellulase genome stability, 6307 smbA gene D. discoideum, 7834 strAl gene E. coli, 7517 Spores H. influenzae, 5604 mukB null mutant suppressor, 7517 heat killing Streptococci, group A sod gene differential scanning colorimetry, 4463 plasmin receptor, 5204 S. mutans, 4928 Sporulation vir regulons, 4967 sor genes B. subtilis, 3177, 3185, 4647 Streptococci, group B D. ambivalens, 5854 bofA gene, 3177 opacity variation, 3739 E. coli ftsA regulation, 4647 Streptococcus adjacens characterization, 7784 gene expression timing, 3185 group antigen structure, 349 physical map location, 7784 pro-oK processing regulation, 3177 Streptococcus gordonii SOS induction Sporulation gene expression glucosyltransferase expression E. coli, 1612 B. subtilis, 4374 regulatory gene rgg, 3577 single-stranded DNA, 1612 Sporulation-specific penicillin-binding pro- Streptococcus mutans SOS response tein glucosyltransferase C-terminal repeats, E. coli, 6264 B. subtilis, 1717, 5430 6707 recA mutations, 6264 gene, 5430 glucosyltransferases so.xRS regulon spoVK gene hybrid-enzyme analysis, 5639 E. coli, 3915 B. subtilis, 1053 lactose operon, 6159 saxS gene spv operon superoxide dismutase gene, 4928 control by soxR, 6054 Salmonella virulence plasmid pSDL2, tagatose 6-phosphate pathway gene clus- E. coli, 6054 6418 ter, 6152 spa genes Squalene-hopene cyclase Streptococcus oralis invasion plasmid antigens cloning, 298 penicillin-binding protein gene, 4517 surface presentation, 1990 expression, 298 Streptococcus pneumoniae S. flexneri, 1990 sequencing, 298 autolysin, 5508 spaE gene ssb-113 DD-carboxypeptidase mutant B. subtilis, 6699 E. coli, 3204 murein, 5152 spc operon suppression by groEL46, 3204 DNA polymerase I activities, 2014 C. trachomatis, 1205 Staphylococci EJ-1 5516 E. coli, 1213 penicillin-induced death, 2241 phage, speB regulation Staphylococcus aureus murein agmatine, 758 accessory gene regulatory expression, DD-carboxypeptidase mutant, 5152 cyclic AMP, 758 5095 penicillin-binding protein gene, 4517 E. coli, 758 agr expression, 5095 pspA gene, 601, 610 flanking gene protein, 758 DNA gyrase locus gyrB-gyrA, 1596 PspA protein, 601, 610 Sphingolipid long-chain bases extracellular lipase uvr-402-complementing gene, 2412 auxotrophs, 2565 chromosomal mutation, 4000 Streptococcus pyogenes enzymatic synthesis, 2575 gyrB-gyrA locus, 1596 virulence S. cerevisiae, 2565, 2575 lipase environmental regulation, 5693 Sphingolipid-dependent strains in vivo processing, 1844 Streptomyces antibioticus S. cerevisiae, 7180 nuclease oleandomycin resistance, 161 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xxxviii

Streptomyces cacaoi P. aeruginosa Tagatose 6-phosphate pathway gene clus- ,-lactamase activator-regulator genes, din genes, 1862 ter 2834 Subtilin gene S. mutans, 6152 Streptomyces clavuligerus B. subtilis, 1417 tagF (rodC) argC gene, 4606 P-Succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase B. subtilis, 646 Streptomyces coelicolor T. vaginalis, 6822 Tail fiber genes abaA locus, 2958 Sucrose fermentation P1, 3936 absB locus, 4622 F. mortiferum, 3227 P2, 1462 actinorhodin polyketide synthase Sucrose utilization plSB, 3936 complementation, 6184 C. albicans, 222 transfer among phages, 1462 antibiotic synthesis mutants, 4622 zinc finger protein, 222 Tar protein chromosome map, 5496 Sugar-glycerol cofermentation E. coli, 1528 hrd mutants, 5165 Lactobacillus spp., 1013 ligand interaction sites, 1528 methylenomycin production, 1487 Sulfite:ferric ion oxidoreductase tbuD gene origin region, 3220 T. ferrooxidans, 4189 P. picketti, 6518 phosphoglycerate mutase, 434 Sulfolipid biosynthesis operon tcmAR loci whiB gene R. sphaeroides, 6479 S. glaucescens, 3651, 3659 two promoters, 6215 Sulfolipid-deficient mutant TcmR, 3659 Streptomyces collinus R. sphaeroides, 2352 tcmII-tcmlV region enoyl coenzyme A reductase, novel, Sulfolobus solfatancus S. glaucescens, 1810 3850 folate, modified tcmN gene Streptomyces fradiae 5-(p-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrox- S. glaucescens, 1810 aph mRNA ypentane, 4576 tdc operon translational start site selection, 4753 thermostable 13-galactosidase catabolite gene activator protein, 6918 Streptomyces glaucescens expression in S. cerevisiae, 873 E. coli, 233, 6918 tcmAR loci Sulfur oxygenase/reductase gene integration host factor, 233, 6918 sequence, 3651 D. ambivalens, 5854 T-DNAs, long TcmR, 3659 Sulfur-oxidizing eubacteria A. tumefaciens, 2288 transcription, 3651, 3659 phylogeny, 269 Tellurite resistance tcmII-tcmlV region, 1810 Superhelicity arsenical ATPase efflux pump, 3092 tcmN gene, 1810 mer-lux fusion, 8094 TEM-1 j3-lactamase tetracenomycin C biosynthesis, 1810 Superoxide dismutase gene substrate specificity mutants, 5237 tetracenomycin C polyketide synthase S. mutans, 4928 Temperature downshifts acyl carrier protein, 3818 Superoxide response regulon E. coli, 3903 Streptomyces griseus E. coli, 3915 relaxed-like state, 3903 histidase, 1647 Supraoperonic clustering TerF hutH gene, 1647 A. calcoaceticus, 200 E. coli, 7854 Streptomyces halstedii Surface array proteins Terminal oxidase celA1 gene, 6368 C. fetus, 1258 A. aceti, 122 Streptomyces lividans reattachment, 1258 Terminus region genes B. subtilis sacB gene, 5462 E. coli, 2102 chromosome replication, 2688 Surface expression, heterologous Tet protein Tn4811, 7762 S. xylosus, 4239 aspartate 15 mutation, 6294 Streptomyces mycarofaciens Surface layer glycoprotein tetA(C) gene macrolide 3-O-acyltransferase gene, 5141 C. thermohydrosulfuricum, 2236 pBR322, 7926 Streptomyces olivaceoviridis novel linkage unit, 2236 Tetracenomycin C biosynthesis chitinases Surface layer proteins S. glaucescens, 1810 multiplicity, 3450 caulobacters, 1783 Tetracenomycin C polyketide synthase Streptomyces peucetius Switching acyl carrier protein, 3818 daunorubicin overproduction, 144 C. albicans, 2951 S. glaucescens, 3818 doxorubicin-daunorubicin resistance, Symbiosis Tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone reductive de- 1641 R. leguminosanrm bv. phaseoli plas- halogenase Streptomyces scabies mids, 5183 Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723, esterase V. fischeri-E. scolopes 8003 heterologous expression, 2431 minireview, 4865 Tetracycline resistance esterase gene expression, 4287 Synechococcus sp. strain GL24 TnlO-encoded mRNA, 2478 Streptomyces sp. strain C5 S layer Tetralin novel neutral proteinase, 2797 mineralization, 7971 membrane action, 2986 Streptomyces spp. Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 Tetrapyrrole biosynthesis FK-506-binding proteins, 5888 bleaching, 4718 R. capsulatus, 5272 luciferase vectors, 367 Thauera selenatis secondary metabolism regulation, 144 nutrient deprivation, 4718 nitrate reductase, 7316 two-component regulatory system, 7585 psbA genes selenate reductase, 7316 Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus high-light response, 3766 Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus chemolithoautotrophic dinitrogen assimi- Synechocystis glnA strain thermostable P-xylosidase, 5848 lation, 6840 Anabaena glutamine synthetase regula- Thermomonospora curvata N2 fixation system, unusual, 6840 tion, 650 cell surface Stress proteins Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 carbon source, 7048 N. gonorrhoeae, 6928 acetohydroxyacid isomeroreductase gene Thermosensitive plasmid Stress response ilvC, 7910 gram-positive bacteria, 5633 host-pathogen interactions Thermosensitivity immunological recognition, 4193 Tabtoxin production E. coli, 1686 minireview, 4193 P. syringae, 3021 pheS5 mutation, 1686 xxxix SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Thermostable f-galactosidase TraC localization Treponema denticola expression in S. cerevisiae, 873 F, 3800 plasmid, 2724 S. solfatancus, 873 traF Treponema phagedensis Thermostable ,B-xylosidase IncP plasmids, 6666 periplasmic flagellum gene, 6404 T. ethanolicus, 5848 traG trfA mutants Thermus spp. IncP plasmids, 6666 RK2, 4110 DNA polymerases, 4350 Transcription termination suppression trfA mutations Thermus thermophilus X N product, 6711 RK2, 7026 C. thermocellum celA expression, 6424 Transcriptional activity Tnchomonas vaginalis nusG gene, 7859 H. volcanii genome, 30 P-succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase, 6822 S-layer gene, 7458 Transcriptional regulator, heavy metal re- Trichosporon cutaneum THI3 gene sponsive phenol hydroxylase genephyA, 7112 S. cerevisiae, 4701 minireview, 3097 Triterpenoid metabolism Thiamine metabolism Transferrin-binding protein 1 squalene-hopene cyclase, 298 S. cerevisiae, 4701 N. gonorrhoeae, 5788 tRNA gene cluster THI3-gene, 4701 Transformation B. subtilis, 3147 Thiamine pyrimidine Clavibacterxyli subsp. cynodontis tRNA genes alternative biosynthesis, 1515 IncP plasmids, 4500 A. laidlawii, 8163 S. typhimurium, 1515 Haloarcula spp., 1076 tRNA mutants Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Transglutaminase E. coli, 7819 electrotransformation, 6617 P. polycephalum, 2599 protein synthesis initiation, 7819 pTF-FC2 Transglycosylase, second lytic tRNA species mobilization region, 6230 E. coli, 6394 E. coli B, 7827 sulfite:ferric ion oxidoreductase, 4189 Translational proofreading tRNAG'Y mutant Thiobacillus versutus 23S rRNA mutations, 7896 doublet translocation, 4179 cytochrome c550, 3707 E. coli, 7896 trpC gene 6-Thioguanine Transposase gene R. capsulatus, 5482 C. trachomatis, 2865 IS91, 1345 trpDFEG genes Thiolactomycin resistance Transposition H. volcanii, 1694 E. coli, 508 conjugative Trp-Tyr repressor synergism P-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase minireview, 6005, 6005 aroL promoter, 331 I, 508 Fis protein E. coli, 331 Thiol-stimulated porphyrin secretion IS50, 4530 trxB gene E. coli, 1072 TnS, 4530 E. coli Thioredoxins TnS physical map location, 3824 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 2592 constitutively activated RecA pro- Trypanosoma brucei Threonine dehydratase teins, 6872 glucose metabolism, 1273 C. glutamicum, 8065 Tn916, 4036 glucose uptake, 1273 Thyasira flexuosa gill symbiont Transposons Tryptophan biosynthesis genes characterization, 6317 E. faecalis TnS381, 7308 H. volcanii, 1694 Thymineless DNA L. lactis Tn5276, 1280 L. lactis subsp. lactis, 6563 E. coli mutant, 4450 multiresistance Tryptophan codons tkt gene integron ancestor, 1248 S. 6471 E. coli S. lividans Tn4811, 7762 citri, physical map location, 1707 TnS tsE gene tmoF gene hypertransposing mutants, 1229 A. nidulans, 384 P. mendocina, 7253 TnlO Two-component regulatory systems TmrB tetracycline resistance mRNA, 2478 cross regulation B. subtilis, 4302 Tn2l minireview, 2053 novel ATP-binding membrane protein, mer gene products, 6377 Streptomyces spp., 7585 4302 mer operator-promoter, 2160 Tyrosine phosphorylation tolC-htrP region mer-lux fusion, 8094 P. solanacearum, 4356 E. coli Tn55S tyrR gene physical map, 1700 S. aureus autolysis mutants, 4952 E. coli Toluene oxidation, anaerobic Tn916 physical map location, 3832 denitrifying Pseudomonas strain, 4860 conjugative transposition, 4036 tyrS gene TonB box pentapeptide transfer between L. lactis subsp. lactis B. subtilis, 1299 E. coli, 320 strains, 5840 topA Tn2424 ubiA gene plasmid partition, 5190 chloramphenicol acetyltransferase E. coli topB gene, 2891 physical map location, 5762 E. coli, 5168 Tn4811, 7762 ubiC identity to mutR, 5168 TnS276, 1280 E. coli, 5309 tox repressor Tn5381, 7308 UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine C. diphtheriae, 1268 TnphoA and TnphoA' elements reductase gene murB, 1690 ToxR mutants lacZ fusions, 4558 UGG and UGA tryptophan codons transcription activation, 6807 tra W S. citri, 6471 V. cholerae, 6807 F, 5567 uhp genes toxT gene trbI E. coli, 2754 V. cholerae, 6974 F, 5567 S. typhimurium, 2754 traA gene Trehalose synthesis genes otsBA uhpT promoter E. faecalis, 1821 E. coli, 889 E. coli, 2763 VOL. 174, 1992 SUBJECT INDEX xl

Ultrastructure HtpR, 7138 whiB gene mycobacteria symbiosis with E. scolopes S. coelicolor, 6215 conventional embedding, 6508 minireview, 4865 two promoters, 6215 freeze-substitution, 6508 Vibrio harveyi White-opaque transition UmuD'-UmuC coexpression luxR product, 7490 C. albicans, 2951 E. coli groE mutants, 3133 Vibrio parahaemolyticus Wolinella succinogenes umuDC H+-translocating ATPase flagellar apparatus, 263 S. typhimurium, 6948 catabolite repression, 6743 UV mutagenesis, 2809 lipopolysaccharides, 3140 X disease unc mRNA viscosity, 5732 mycoplasmalike organisms E. coli, 3541 Vibrio sp. strain CCUG 15956 genomic strain cluster, 6694 processing, 3541 carbon starvation, 6780 Xanthan production Urease ribosomes, 6780 X. campestris, 191 H. pylori, 7470 Vibrio vulnificus xanA and xanB genes, 191 Urease genes capsular polysaccharide, 2620 Xanthomonas campestris E. coli, 883 Vibriobactin receptor catabolite gene activator protein-like H. pylori, 2466 V. cholerae, 3270 protein, 5457 IS3411 inactivation, 883 Vibriobactin receptor gene viuA xanA and xanB genes, 191 K aerogenes, 4324 V. cholerae, 3729 xanthan production, 191 nickel metallocenter biosynthesis, 4324 Vibronectin-like protein Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Urease-negative mutants, isogenic A. tumefaciens, 5999 protein secretion, 2679 H. pyloni, 4212 vir gene expression Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines Ustilago maydis A. tumefaciens, 1086 pathogenicity genes, 1923 a locus, 7831 miaA gene, 1086 cytoduction, 7831 vir regulons Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria UV mutagenesis group A streptococci, 4967 hrp gene expression, 815 dnaN overexpression, 2517 VirA protein Xanthomonas sp. E. coli, 2517 A. tumefaciens, 7033 proline-specific endopeptidase, 2454 S. typhimunium Viral assembly protein Xenorhabdus luminescens umuDC dependence, 2809 membrane localization, 2460 lux operon UV photoproducts topology, 2460 repetitive elements, 5371 small acid-soluble spore proteins VirD2 xyl operon DNA binding, 2874 A. tumefaciens, 303 B. megaterium, 3049 uvr-402-complementing gene virD3 gene catabolite repression, 3049 S. pneumoniae, 2412 A. tumefaciens, 5161 Xylose utilization genes virG gene B. megaterium, 3049 vacB gene A. tumefaciens, 4169, 7040 catabolite repression, 3049 S. flexneri, 6359 altered-function mutations, 7040 regulation, 3042 virulence gene expression, 6359 constitutive mutations, 4169 S. xylosus, 3042 Vaccinia virus DNA topoisomerase I virG transcription 3-Xylosidase, thermostable E. coli conditional growth, 7059 A. tumefaciens, 1189 T. ethanolicus, 5848 Vi antigen stress stimuli, 1189 expression in E. coli, 5910 Virulence determinants Y16 mutant ViaB environmental signals E. coli ftsHftsI, 2416 C. freundii, 5910 minireview, 1 yadA activation Vibrio anguillarum Virulence gene expression LcrF, 2047 metalloprotease gene, 7235 L. monocytogenes, 947 Y enterocolitica, 2047 Vibro cholerae S. flexneri Y pseudotuberculosis, 2047 acfA, 5211 vacB gene, 6359 Yeasts acfD, 5211 Virulence gene regulation cycloheximide sensitivity el tor protein environmental, 5693 L41 ribosomal protein, 254 +149 resistance, 6221 L. monocytogenes, 568 Yersinia enterocolitica ferric vibriobactin receptor gene viuA, prfA gene, 568 lipoprotein 3729 S. pyogenes, 5693 E. coli ferrioxamine uptake, 1029 fur gene, 1897 Virulence plasmid gene rck yadA activation 4149 resistance ail homology, 84 LcrF, 2047 el tor protein, 6221 pagC homology, 84 Yersinia pestis ToxR mutants S. typhimunum, 84 chromosome, 2078 transcription activation, 6807 Virulence-associated plasmid gene regula- lcrF toxT gene, 6974 tion yopE transcription, 4275 vibriobactin receptor, 3270 enteroinvasive E. coli, 7606 thermoregulatory protein, 4275 viuA gene, 3729 Viscosity yopE transcription Vibrio fischeri V. parahaemolyticus, 5732 regulation by 1crF, 4275 lux genes Vitamin B12 biosynthesis yscBCDEF operon, 4820 autoinducer-deficient strain, 4384 P. denitrificans, 1036, 1043, 1050 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis autoinducer-LuxR-independent modu- Vitamin B12-mediated regulation LcrQ protein, 3355 lation, 2440 S. typhimurium, 4833 yad4 activation transcriptional regulation, 5132 Vitamin K2 biosynthesis LcrF, 2047 LuxR protein E. coli, 5057 yopE gene activation mechanism, 4064 viuA gene regulation by IcrF, 4275 GroESL, 7138 V. cholerae, 3729 Y pestis, 4275 x1i SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL. yscBCDEF operon Zymomonas mobilis glucose operon, 2816, 2824 Y pestis, 4820 enolase gene eno, 6548 glucose-fructose oxidoreductase gene, fermentative enzymes 1439 Zinc finger protein immunocytochemical localization, 4504 glutamate uptake, 7579 C. albicans, 222 fructokinase gene, 3455 glycolytic enzymes sucrose utilization, 222 gene expression immunocytochemical localization, zwf gene lacIq, 7370 4504 E. coli, 623 tac promoter, 7370 glycolytic message stability, 6438 regulation, 623 glf-zwf-edd-glk operon, 2816, 2824 mRNA processing, 2824

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